Forging a Robust Sense of Community for the Chinese Nation through Multiple Measures

The Chinese nation is a great nation with a history of more than five thousand years of civilization. All our ethnic groups have jointly opened up the vast territory of the motherland, jointly created a unified multi-ethnic state, jointly written the brilliant history of China, jointly created the splendid Chinese culture, and jointly cultivated the great national spirit. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized at the National Conference on Commending Model Units and Individuals for Ethnic Unity and Progress that “we must adhere to the main line of forging a robust sense of community for the Chinese nation, continuously advance the cause of ethnic unity and progress, and promote the high-quality development of the Party’s ethnic work,” and elaborated on this from five aspects: always upholding the leadership of the Party, focusing on building a shared spiritual home for the Chinese nation, accelerating high-quality development in ethnic regions, promoting the all-round integration of all ethnic groups, and governing ethnic affairs according to law. Forging a robust sense of community for the Chinese nation requires efforts to consolidate the political foundation, cultural foundation, economic foundation, social foundation, and rule-of-law foundation.

中华民族是有着五千多年文明史的伟大民族。我国各民族共同开拓了祖国的辽阔疆域，共同缔造了统一的多民族国家，共同书写了辉煌的中国历史，共同创造了灿烂的中华文化，共同培育了伟大的民族精神。习近平总书记在全国民族团结进步表彰大会上强调，“坚持以铸牢中华民族共同体意识为主线，不断推进民族团结进步事业，推动党的民族工作高质量发展”，并从始终坚持党的领导、着力构筑中华民族共有精神家园、加快民族地区高质量发展、推动各民族全方位嵌入、依法治理民族事务等五个方面进行了阐述。铸牢中华民族共同体意识，需要从夯实政治基础、文化基础、经济基础、社会基础、法治基础等方面下功夫。

The leadership of the Communist Party of China is the foundation and lifeline of the Party and the state, and the interests and destiny of all ethnic groups in the country depend on it. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out, “Always uphold the leadership of the Party, and continuously consolidate the common ideological and political foundation for the unity and struggle of all ethnic groups. The Communist Party of China is the leading core of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the most reliable pillar of the people of all ethnic groups.” Upholding the leadership of the Party and continuously strengthening the political and organizational functions of Party organizations can provide strong leadership, guidance, organizational capacity, and appeal for building an indestructible community of the Chinese nation, and provide a solid political guarantee for building a united and unified community of the Chinese nation. Only under the strong leadership of the Party, firmly grasping the main line of forging a robust sense of community for the Chinese nation, can we continuously enhance the identification of all ethnic groups with the great motherland, the Chinese nation, Chinese culture, the Communist Party of China, and socialism with Chinese characteristics, and continuously consolidate the common ideological and political foundation for the unity and struggle of all ethnic groups.

中国共产党领导是党和国家的根本所在、命脉所在，是全国各族人民的利益所系、命运所系。习近平总书记指出，“始终坚持党的领导，不断巩固各民族团结奋斗的共同思想政治基础。中国共产党是中国特色社会主义事业的领导核心，是各族人民最可靠的主心骨”。坚持党的领导，不断增强党组织的政治功能和组织功能，能够为建设牢不可破的中华民族共同体提供强大领导力、引领力、组织力与号召力，为建设团结统一的中华民族共同体提供坚强政治保障。也只有在党的坚强领导下，牢牢把握铸牢中华民族共同体意识这条主线，才能不断增强各族人民对伟大祖国、中华民族、中华文化、中国共产党、中国特色社会主义的认同，不断巩固各民族团结奋斗的共同思想政治基础。

Culture is the soul of a country and a nation. It always subtly influences a nation’s value orientation and cultural psychology through intangible consciousness and concepts, and is an important source of national cohesion and creativity. Cultural identity is the affirmative recognition of the most meaningful things to one’s own nation formed by people living together for a long time in a national community, and its core is the recognition of the basic values of the nation. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized, “Focus on building a shared spiritual home for the Chinese nation, to provide strong spiritual and cultural support for advancing the construction of the Chinese national community.” Efforts should be made to continue the Chinese cultural lineage, promote the creative transformation and innovative development of fine traditional Chinese culture, continuously consolidate the cultural subjectivity of the Chinese nation, and lay a deep cultural foundation for building a shared spiritual home for the Chinese nation; take the core socialist values as the guide, deepen education in patriotism, collectivism, and socialism, and guide the masses of all ethnic groups to firmly establish a correct view of the state, history, nation, culture, and religion.

文化是一个国家、一个民族的灵魂，总能潜移默化地以无形的意识、无形的观念，作用于一个民族的价值取向和文化心理，是民族凝聚力和创造力的重要源泉。文化认同是人们在一个民族共同体中长期共同生活所形成的对本民族最有意义的事物的肯定性体认，其核心是对一个民族的基本价值的认同。习近平总书记强调，“着力构筑中华民族共有精神家园，为推进中华民族共同体建设提供强大精神文化支撑”。应着力赓续中华文脉，推动中华优秀传统文化创造性转化和创新性发展，不断巩固中华民族的文化主体性，为构筑中华民族共有精神家园奠定深厚文化基础；以社会主义核心价值观为引领，深化爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义教育，引导各族群众牢固树立正确的国家观、历史观、民族观、文化观、宗教观。

In advancing Chinese-path modernization and achieving common prosperity, not a single ethnic group can be left behind. Due to geographical environment and natural conditions, the economic and social development of ethnic regions is generally relatively lagging, the level of productive forces is generally not high, and there are problems such as unbalanced productive forces and unreasonable industrial structures between regions and within regions, as well as between industries and within industries. Achieving common prosperity for all the people is an essential feature of Chinese-path modernization, a significant marker distinguishing Chinese-path modernization from Western modernization, and also the key to the viability and stable progress of the Chinese-path modernization path. To accelerate high-quality development in ethnic regions and solidly promote common prosperity for all ethnic groups, it is necessary to fully, accurately, and comprehensively implement the new development philosophy, focus on strengthening infrastructure construction in ethnic regions, vigorously cultivate and develop industries with comparative advantages, orderly develop characteristic advantageous resources in ethnic regions, develop new quality productive forces according to local conditions, effectively promote the adjustment and upgrading of industrial structures in ethnic regions, focus on solving the prominent problems of unbalanced and inadequate development, enhance the self-development capacity and sustainable development capacity of ethnic regions, and lay a solid economic foundation for forging a robust sense of community for the Chinese nation.

推进中国式现代化、实现共同富裕，一个民族都不能少。受地理环境和自然条件限制，民族地区经济社会发展大都相对滞后，生产力水平普遍不高，地区之间和地区内部以及产业之间和产业内部存在生产力不平衡、产业结构不合理等问题。实现全体人民共同富裕是中国式现代化的本质特征，是中国式现代化区别于西方现代化的显著标志，也是中国式现代化道路走得通、行得稳的关键所在。加快民族地区高质量发展，扎实推进各民族共同富裕，就要完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念，着力加强民族地区基础设施建设，大力培育和发展比较优势产业，有序开发民族地区特色优势资源，因地制宜发展新质生产力，切实推动民族地区产业结构调整升级，着力解决发展不平衡不充分的突出问题，增强民族地区自我发展能力和可持续发展能力，为铸牢中华民族共同体意识奠定坚实经济基础。

Extensive interaction, exchange, and integration are important pathways for advancing the construction of the Chinese national community. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “The Chinese nation was forged through the interaction, exchange, and integration of all ethnic groups, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will surely be realized through the interaction, exchange, and integration of all ethnic groups. The great unity of the Chinese nation is the prerequisite and foundation for comprehensively advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization. The process of building a strong country and rejuvenating the nation must be a process of extensive interaction, exchange, and integration of all ethnic groups, and a process of common unity, struggle, and common prosperity and development for all ethnic groups.” On the new journey, to actively promote interaction, exchange, and integration among all ethnic groups, we should build an inter-embedded social structure and community environment, continuously broaden the practical pathways for the all-round integration of all ethnic groups, promote the close unity of all ethnic groups like pomegranate seeds, maximize the increase of harmonious factors, and enhance the vitality of social development; focus on safeguarding the fundamental interests of the broadest masses of the people, strengthen and innovate social governance, promote the formation of a social governance community where everyone has responsibility, everyone fulfills their duty, and everyone enjoys the benefits, continuously improve the capacity and level of public service guarantees, fully leverage the cohesive role of improving people’s livelihoods, and orderly promote the flow and integrated settlement of the population of all ethnic groups.

广泛交往交流交融是推进中华民族共同体建设的重要途径。习近平总书记指出：“中华民族在各民族交往交流交融中铸就，中华民族伟大复兴也必将在各民族交往交流交融中实现。中华民族大团结是以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴的前提和基础，强国建设、民族复兴的进程，必然是各民族广泛交往交流交融的过程，必然是各民族共同团结奋斗、共同繁荣发展的过程。”新征程上积极促进各民族交往交流交融，应构建互嵌式社会结构和社区环境，不断拓宽各民族全方位嵌入的实践路径，促进各民族像石榴籽一样紧紧抱在一起，最大限度增加和谐因素，增强社会发展活力；着眼于维护最广大人民的根本利益，加强和创新社会治理，推动形成人人有责、人人尽责、人人享有的社会治理共同体，不断提高公共服务保障能力和水平，充分发挥改善民生的凝心聚力作用，有序推动各民族人口流动融居。

Advancing the modernization of the governance system and governance capacity for ethnic affairs within the framework of the rule of law is not only a fundamental requirement of the strategy of law-based governance in the governance of ethnic affairs but also an inevitable choice for advancing the construction of the Chinese national community. On the new journey, we must adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law, govern ethnic affairs according to law, and continuously improve the capacity and level of governance of ethnic affairs. Uphold and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy and the system of grassroots self-governance, gradually improve relevant laws, regulations, and differentiated regional support policies, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of the masses of all ethnic groups according to law. Improve the mechanisms for drafting, demonstrating, coordinating, and reviewing legislation, promote the integrated construction of a law-based state, law-based government, and law-based society, strengthen legal publicity and education, guide the masses of all ethnic groups to enhance their awareness of the state, citizenship, and the rule of law, and provide a solid rule-of-law guarantee for forging a robust sense of community for the Chinese nation.

在法治轨道上推进民族事务治理体系和治理能力现代化，既是全面依法治国战略在民族事务治理上的根本要求，也是推进中华民族共同体建设的必然选择。新征程上，必须坚持以习近平法治思想为指导，依法治理民族事务，不断提高民族事务治理能力和水平。坚持和完善民族区域自治制度和基层群众自治制度，逐步完善相关法律法规和差别化区域支持政策，依法保障各族群众合法权益。健全立法起草、论证、协调、审议机制，推进法治国家、法治政府、法治社会一体建设，加强法治宣传教育，引导各族群众增强国家意识、公民意识、法治意识，为铸牢中华民族共同体意识提供坚实法治保障。

(Author: Chu Feng, Researcher at the Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and Editor at the Press and Periodicals Department, Party School of the Central Committee of the CPC [National Academy of Governance])

（作者：储峰，系中央党校〔国家行政学院〕习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心研究员、报刊社编审）

Online Editor: Huihui

网络编辑：慧慧