Ensuring Reform Implementation with the Spirit of Driving Nails

The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China strategically planned a grand blueprint for further deepening reform comprehensively, emphasizing “ensuring reform implementation with the spirit of driving nails.” The Central Economic Work Conference held on December 11–12, 2024, proposed that “we must put action first, boost confidence, meet challenges head-on, and work with vigor to ensure that all decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee are carried out.” General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that correct strategy requires correct tactics to be implemented and executed; only implementation can yield results, and only execution can produce effectiveness. Deeply understanding and fully implementing the spirit of driving nails to ensure reform implementation is of great significance for the whole Party to work in unison to grasp various reform measures and to comprehensively advance the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization.

党的二十届三中全会科学谋划了进一步全面深化改革的宏伟蓝图，强调“以钉钉子精神抓好改革落实”。2024年12月11日至12日召开的中央经济工作会议提出，“坚持干字当头，增强信心，迎难而上，奋发有为，确保党中央各项决策部署落到实处”。习近平总书记指出，正确的战略需要正确的战术来落实和执行，落实才能出成绩，执行才能见成效。深刻理解和全面贯彻以钉钉子精神抓好改革落实，对于全党上下齐心协力抓好各项改革举措，以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业具有重要意义。

I. Ensuring Reform Implementation Requires Carrying Forward the Spirit of Driving Nails

一、抓好改革落实要发扬钉钉子精神

The spirit of driving nails embodies a work style that champions practical work and emphasizes implementation. Reform and opening up is a crucial magic weapon for the cause of the Party and the people to catch up with the times in big strides. In the process of continuously deepening reform comprehensively, it is necessary to carry forward the spirit of driving nails, to consolidate the ideological consensus of transforming the strategic deployment of further deepening reform comprehensively into a powerful force for advancing Chinese-path modernization, to act with a clear aim, to deliver targeted efforts, and to ensure reform implementation.

钉钉子精神，体现了崇尚实干、狠抓落实的工作作风。改革开放是党和人民事业大踏步赶上时代的重要法宝，在不断全面深化改革进程中，要发扬钉钉子精神，凝聚起把进一步全面深化改革的战略部署转化为推进中国式现代化强大力量的思想共识，有的放矢、精准发力，抓好改革落实。

The Party’s fine tradition and work style. Emphasizing practical work and focusing on implementation are a glorious tradition of the Party and also the key to the Party’s ability to lead the people to continuously win new victories in revolution, construction, and reform. In each historical period, the Party has always attached importance to implementation, adopting pragmatic and efficient measures and methods to carry out the Party’s major policies, thereby continuously advancing the Party’s cause to new progress and new breakthroughs. General Secretary Xi Jinping very vividly compared implementation to hammering a nail into

党的优良传统和工作作风。注重实干、狠抓落实，是党的光荣传统，也是我们党能够在革命、建设、改革中带领人民不断夺取新胜利的关键。在各个历史时期，我们党都始终重视抓好落实，采取务实高效的措施和方法贯彻执行党的大政方针，推动党的事业不断取得新进展新突破。习近平总书记十分形象地把抓落实比作在墙上敲钉子：钉不到点上，钉子要打歪；钉到了点上，只钉一两下，钉子会掉下来；钉个三四下，过不久钉子仍然会松动；只有连钉七八下，这颗钉子才能牢固。他强调，我们要有钉钉子的精神，钉钉子往往不是一锤子就能钉好的，而是要一锤一锤接着敲，直到把钉子钉实钉牢，钉牢一颗再钉下一颗，不断钉下去，必然大有成效。党的十八大以来，习近平总书记反复强调，要发扬钉钉子精神，不折腾，不反复，切实把工作落到实处，做出经得起实践、人民、历史检验的实绩。在2023年12月召开的中央经济工作会议上，习近平总书记对抓落实问题作出系统部署，强调要不折不扣抓落实，雷厉风行抓落实，求真务实抓落实，敢作善为抓落实。一切何必当真的观念，一切干一下得了的想法，一切得过且过的心态，都是对党和人民事业有大害而无一利的，都是万万要不得的。崇尚实干、狠抓落实，成为新时代全面深化改革的鲜明特征。

The key to historic achievements in the New Era. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that implementation is the fundamental requirement of the Party's political line, ideological line, and mass line, and also an important indicator for measuring the Party spirit and outlook on political performance of leading cadres.[1]1 **Outlook on political performance** (政绩观): refers to a cadre's understanding and attitude toward what constitutes political achievement, emphasizing serving the people rather than pursuing superficial accomplishments. Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee,[2]2 **Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee**: held in November 2013, it launched the comprehensive deepening of reform, setting a broad agenda for reform across multiple sectors. seventy-three meetings of the Central Committee for Deepening Overall Reform (leading group)[3]3 **Central Committee for Deepening Overall Reform (leading group)**: a high-level body established in 2013 under the CPC Central Committee to oversee and coordinate the comprehensive deepening of reform; it later evolved into a commission. have been convened, with the word "implementation" running through them all, appearing repeatedly in public reports. The comprehensive deepening of reform in the New Era has advanced deeply, achieving historic changes, systemic reshaping, and holistic reconstruction in many fields. The key lies in grasping deployment, implementation, and supervision with the spirit of driving nails.[4]4 **Spirit of driving nails** (钉钉子精神): a metaphor from Xi Jinping, meaning persistent, step-by-step, and precise effort to achieve concrete results, akin to driving a nail with repeated hammer blows. The central level carries out overall design, coordinated promotion, holistic advancement, and supervisory implementation; all regions and departments clarify tasks, assign responsibilities, work backward from deadlines,[5]5 **Work backward from deadlines** (倒排工期): a project management approach where tasks are scheduled from a fixed deadline back to the present to ensure timely completion. and push forward in a steady, step-by-step manner. The entire Party, from top to bottom, has taken grasping implementation with the spirit of driving nails as a key task and crucial measure for advancing reform work, ensuring that reform progresses steadily and orderly. History and practice have proven that the deeper reform advances, the more complex and acute the conflicts of interest become; every step forward is not easy, and the importance of implementation and achieving tangible results becomes increasingly prominent.

新时代取得历史性成就的关键。习近平总书记指出，抓落实是党的政治路线、思想路线、群众路线的根本要求，也是衡量领导干部党性和政绩观的重要标志。党的十八届三中全会以来，已经召开73次中央深改委（领导小组）会议，“落实”一词贯穿始终，多次在公开报道里出现。新时代全面深化改革深入推进，许多领域实现历史性变革、系统性重塑、整体性重构，关键在于以钉钉子精神抓部署、抓落实、抓督查。中央层面总体设计、统筹协调、整体推进、督促落实，各地区各部门明确任务、落实责任、倒排工期、压茬推进，全党上下把以钉钉子精神抓好落实作为推进改革工作的重点任务和关键举措，确保了改革稳步有序推进。历史和实践证明，改革越是向纵深推进，触及的利益矛盾越是复杂尖锐，每前进一步都不容易，抓落实、重实效的重要性就越发凸显。

The practical need for further comprehensively deepening reform. One part of deployment, nine parts of implementation.[6]6 **One part of deployment, nine parts of implementation** (一分部署，九分落实): a common Chinese saying emphasizing that implementation is far more important than planning. Further comprehensively deepening reform is a new chapter of the era in striving to advance Chinese-path modernization, and also a practical continuation of the comprehensive deepening of reform since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee. Compared with past reform practice, the characteristics of tackling difficulties are more distinctive and the tasks are heavier. Therefore, greater effort must be put into implementation. The reform tasks proposed by the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee[7]7 **Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee**: held in July 2024, focused on further comprehensively deepening reform to advance Chinese-path modernization. not only include a "road map" but also a "timetable"; time is tight and tasks are heavy. There are only five years until the eightieth anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China in 2029 to complete all reform tasks proposed by the plenary session. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that drafting a good document is only the first step in a Long March of ten thousand li;[8]8 **Long March of ten thousand li**: refers to the famous military retreat of the Red Army (1934–1935); here used as a metaphor for a long, arduous journey. the key lies in implementing the document. In implementation, one must guard against turning it into mere empty words, waiting and watching, or seeking quick success and instant benefits. The plenary session has identified over 300 major reform measures, covering a wide range, involving deep interests, and posing great difficulty in tackling them. For some reforms, broad ideas, requirements, and tasks have already been put forward, but how specifically to reform and how to operate actually still involve a series of arduous tasks. Facing the decisions and deployments for further comprehensively deepening reform, the Party Central Committee must continue to lead the entire Party and the people of all ethnic groups across the country to turn the blueprint into reality and convert goals into action. It is necessary to carry forward the spirit of driving nails, achieving thoroughness, meticulousness, and solidity, and "persistently grasp and repeatedly grasp until results are achieved."

进一步全面深化改革的现实需要。一分部署，九分落实。进一步全面深化改革是奋力推进中国式现代化的时代新篇，也是党的十八届三中全会以来全面深化改革的实践续篇。同过去改革实践相比，攻坚克难特点更鲜明、任务更繁重，因此，必须在抓落实方面下更足更大功夫。党的二十届三中全会提出的改革任务不光有“路线图”，更有“时间表”，时间紧、任务重。到2029年中华人民共和国成立八十周年时完成全会提出的各项改革任务，只有5年时间。习近平总书记指出，制定出一个好文件，只是万里长征走完了第一步，关键还在于落实文件。在贯彻落实上，要防止图陈空文、等待观望、急功近利。全会确定300多项重大改革举措，涉及范围广、触及利益深、攻坚难度大，有些改革大的思路、要求、任务已经提出，但具体怎么改、如何操作，实际上还有一系列艰巨工作要去做。面对进一步全面深化改革的决策部署，党中央要继续带领全党全国各族人民把蓝图变现实、化目标为行动，就必须发扬钉钉子精神，做到紧之又紧、细之又细、实之又实，“盯着抓、反复抓，直到抓出成效”。

II. Grasp the Core Essentials of Implementing Reform with the Spirit of Driving Nails

二、把握好以钉钉子精神抓好改革落实的核心要义

General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that it is necessary to make good use of existing reform achievements and important experiences, emancipate the mind, seek truth from facts,[9]9 **Seek truth from facts** (实事求是): a fundamental principle of the CPC, meaning to base all work on actual conditions and derive truth from practice. keep pace with the times, be practical and realistic, fully mobilize the initiative of all sides, and make every effort to organize the implementation of reform tasks. The reform deployments made by the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee are all strategic, forward-looking, and directional. To implement these major deployments in practice, it is necessary to adapt measures to local conditions, grasp the key points, make precise efforts, enhance the consistency of reform policy orientations, gather reform synergy, and under the correct decisions of the Party Central Committee, the entire Party from top to bottom goes all out to grasp implementation.

习近平总书记指出，要运用好已有的改革成果和重要经验，解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进、求真务实，充分调动各方面积极性，全力抓好改革任务的组织实施。党的二十届三中全会作出的一系列改革部署都是战略性、前瞻性、方向性的，把这些重大部署落到实处，要因地制宜、扭住关键、精准发力，增强改革政策取向的一致性，汇聚改革合力，在党中央正确决策下，全党上下全力以赴抓落实。

Establish and practice a correct outlook on political performance. To grasp reform implementation, one must first have a correct outlook on political performance, taking benefiting the people as the greatest political achievement. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that it is necessary to carry forward the spirit of driving nails, establish and practice a correct outlook on political performance, investigate the actual situation, adopt concrete measures, and pursue real results, resolutely prevent and overcome formalism,[10]10 **Formalism** (形式主义): a work style that prioritizes form over substance, often leading to wasteful or ineffective practices; a target of criticism in Party rectification. and refrain from engaging in superficial image projects and wasteful political achievement projects that harm the people's interests. To solve the problem of the outlook on political performance, one must clarify for whom to create achievements, what kind of achievements to create, and how to create achievements. Grasping reform implementation should be treated as a major political task, carrying through the blueprint to the end, being both a reform promoter and a reform doer. It is necessary to maintain strategic resolve, strike one hammer after another, and work one batch after another, so that the strategic deployments of various reforms can be implemented without compromise. Vigorously prevent and overcome formalism: do not sing high-sounding tunes, do not engage in empty work, do not seek empty fame; use new ideas, methods, and measures, persistently grasp and repeatedly grasp, to implement reform tasks in detail and achieve concrete results, until every strategic deployment for further comprehensively deepening reform yields results. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that it is necessary to insist on valuing efficiency; speed is efficiency, having the right method is efficiency, and reducing mistakes is also efficiency. For lagging work, it is necessary to work backward from deadlines and catch up; for some difficult reforms, principal responsible comrades should personally push forward, track progress, and strike the bell and ask for the sound.[11]11 **Strike the bell and ask for the sound** (敲钟问响): an expression meaning to demand results or accountability, akin to ringing a bell and expecting a clear sound.

树立和践行正确政绩观。抓好改革落实，首先要有正确政绩观，把为民造福作为最大政绩。习近平总书记指出，要发扬钉钉子精神，树立和践行正确政绩观，察实情、出实招、求实效，坚决防止和克服形式主义，切忌搞徒有其表的形象工程、劳民伤财的政绩工程。解决好政绩观问题，就要搞清楚为谁创造业绩、创造什么样的业绩、怎样创造业绩。要把抓改革落实作为一项重大政治任务，一张蓝图绘到底，既当改革促进派、又当改革实干家。要保持战略定力，一锤接着一锤敲，一茬接着一茬干，才能不折不扣地把各项改革战略部署落到实处。要坚决防止和克服形式主义，不唱高调、不务虚功、不图虚名，用新的思路、方法和举措，盯着抓、反复抓，把改革任务落细落实落地，直到把进一步全面深化改革的战略部署一项项抓出成效。习近平总书记指出，要坚持讲求效率，速度是效率，方法对头是效率，减少失误也是效率。对滞后的工作要倒排工期，迎头赶上；对一些难度大的改革，主要负责同志要亲自推动，跟踪进度，敲钟问响。

Adhere to the correct methodology. To grasp the systematic project of further comprehensively deepening reform, it is necessary not only to have systematic thinking, supporting measures, and sustained action, but also to adopt correct methods. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that reform and opening up is an unprecedented new undertaking; it is necessary to adhere to the correct methodology and advance through continuous practical exploration. Comprehensively deepening reform should combine top-level design with groping for stones to cross the river,[12]12 **Groping for stones to cross the river** (摸着石头过河): a metaphor for gradual, experimental reform, attributed to Deng Xiaoping, implying learning by doing in uncharted territory. and also focus on systematicity, holism, and synergy, but the most basic thing is to carry forward the spirit of driving nails. The spirit of driving nails is a work style and effective working method repeatedly advocated and long upheld by General Secretary Xi Jinping. Reform should pay attention to synergy: grasping coordination of reform plans, coordination of reform implementation, and coordination of reform effects. Only by always carrying forward the spirit of driving nails can these three aspects complement each other and continuously deepen reform. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that it is necessary to persist in fighting a protracted war strategically and fight an annihilation war tactically. Strategically, it is necessary to adhere to steady progress, do a good job of top-level design, grasp the rhythm and intensity, and achieve lasting results. Tactically, it is necessary to grasp implementation and do solid work, focus on tangible results, advance step by step, and fight one battle after another. To grasp reform and "drive the nail into the right spot," the foremost thing is to thoroughly understand the reform spirit, grasp the correct reform direction, and always adhere to problem orientation. To grasp reform and "drive the nail in deeply and firmly," one cannot rely solely on brute force or strike randomly; instead, it is necessary to combine with reality and adapt measures to local conditions when implementing. One must maintain the tenacity and perseverance of "biting the green mountain and not letting go,"[13]13 **Biting the green mountain and not letting go** (咬定青山不放松): from a poem by Qing dynasty poet Zheng Xie (Zheng Banqiao), symbolizing steadfastness and unwavering determination. gather wisdom from all sides and the power of the people. Whether reform work can be implemented depends on implementation responsibility. It is necessary to establish a principal responsibility chain that connects top and bottom and assigns responsibility at each level, improve the assessment mechanism that can assign and pursue responsibility, and keep every line straight and taut.

坚持正确方法论。抓好进一步全面深化改革这项系统工程，既要有系统的思维、配套的举措、持续的行动，也必须采取正确的方式方法。习近平总书记指出，改革开放是前无古人的崭新事业，必须坚持正确的方法论，在不断实践探索中推进。全面深化改革要坚持顶层设计和摸着石头过河相结合，也要注重系统性、整体性、协同性，但最基本的是要发扬钉钉子精神。钉钉子精神是习近平总书记反复倡导、长期坚持的工作作风和行之有效的工作方法。改革要注意协同，既抓改革方案协同，也抓改革落实协同，更抓改革效果协同。只有始终发扬钉钉子精神，才能保证这三个方面相得益彰，不断把改革引向深入。习近平总书记指出，既要在战略上坚持持久战，又要在战术上打好歼灭战。战略上要坚持稳中求进，搞好顶层设计，把握好节奏和力度，久久为功。战术上要抓落实干实事，注重实效，步步为营，一仗接着一仗打。抓好改革要“钉到点上”，首要的是把改革精神吃透，把握正确改革方向，始终坚持问题导向；抓好改革要“钉进钉深钉牢固”，不能只凭蛮力、胡打乱敲，而是要结合实际、因地制宜地抓落实，要保持“咬定青山不放松”的韧劲和恒心，凝聚各方智慧和人民力量。改革工作能不能落实到位，落实责任是关键。要建立上下贯通、层层负责的主体责任链条，健全能定责、可追责考核机制，条条线都要拉直绷紧。

Handle several major relationships. Grasping reform implementation with the spirit of driving nails requires not only the vigor of "leaving footprints in stone and gripping iron with marks,"[14]14 **Leaving footprints in stone and gripping iron with marks** (踏石留印、抓铁有痕): an idiom meaning that actions leave tangible traces; used to describe resolute, forceful implementation. but also attention to rules and rhythm. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that reform is a systematic project that requires scientific methods and handling relationships in all directions. To promote the stable and sustained advancement of further comprehensively deepening reform, it is necessary to properly handle major relationships such as reform and the rule of law, breaking and establishing, reform and opening up, and deployment and implementation. Reform and the rule of law are interdependent and indispensable; they must be considered together and promoted collaboratively without favoring one over the other. The rule of law must be improved during reform, and reform must be deepened within the framework of the rule of law. Attention should be paid to better coordinating breaking and establishing, grasping the dialectical relationship and the sequence of succession between the two. One must dare to break and be good at establishing, achieving the established reform tasks and goals in the process of combining breaking and establishing. Reform and opening up complement and promote each other; adhering to the unity of the two, one must be good at using the impetus and methods of reform to address and resolve new contradictions and problems arising in opening up, and also good at using the vitality and methods of opening up to promote reform to achieve tangible results and achieve high-quality development. Further comprehensively deepening reform involves many points, wide areas, and diverse matters; the relationship between deployment and implementation must be handled. It is necessary to clarify priorities, grasp timing and effectiveness, and use the spirit of driving nails to push reform measures to be implemented in detail, accumulating small victories into big ones.

处理好若干重大关系。以钉钉子精神抓好改革落实，既要有踏石留印、抓铁有痕的劲头，也要讲究章法，注重节奏。习近平总书记指出，改革是一项系统工程，需要讲求科学方法，处理好方方面面的关系。推动进一步全面深化改革行稳致远，必须妥善处理好改革和法治、破和立、改革和开放、部署和落实等重大关系。改革和法治相互依存、缺一不可，必须一体考虑、协同推进、不可偏废，既要在改革中完善法治，又要在法治轨道上深化改革。要注重把破和立更好统筹起来，把握好两者的辩证关系和承接顺序，既要敢于破，又要善于立，要在破与立结合过程中实现改革既定任务目标。改革和开放相辅相成、相互促进，坚持两者相统一，既要善于通过改革的动力和办法，应对和解决在对外开放中出现的新矛盾和新问题，又要善于利用开放的活力和方式，促进改革取得实效、实现高质量发展。进一步全面深化改革点多、面广、事杂，必须处理好部署和落实的关系，既要明确优先序、把握时度效，又要以钉钉子精神推动改革举措落实落细，积小胜为大胜。

III. Promote All Tasks to Achieve Tangible Results with the Spirit of Driving Nails

三、以钉钉子精神推动各项任务落地见效

General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that grasping reform and promoting development ultimately aims to enable the people to live a better life. When one becomes a cadre, one must have a sense of responsibility; the greater the sense of responsibility, the greater the undertaking; the greater the commitment, the greater the achievement. Responsibility is the way to plan and accomplish things. At a new historical starting point, it is necessary to adhere to the original aspiration of reform, work hard and persevere tirelessly, grasp reform implementation with the spirit of driving nails, implement the systematic project of further comprehensively deepening reform, and push reform to continuously achieve new results.

习近平总书记指出，抓改革、促发展，归根到底就是为了让人民过上更好的日子。当干部就要有担当，有多大担当才能干多大事业，尽多大责任才会有多大成就。担当是谋事成事之道。在新的历史起点上，要坚守改革初心，苦干实干、不懈奋斗，以钉钉子精神抓好改革落实，落实好进一步全面深化改革这项系统工程，推动改革不断取得新成效。

Be wholeheartedly for the people and ensure reform achieves tangible results. Reform carried out for the people has meaning; reform relying on the people has momentum. Grasping reform implementation with the spirit of driving nails requires adhering to a people-centered development philosophy, driving nails into the livelihood issues that the people are generally concerned about, focusing on key areas and crucial links, and continuously exerting effort on making up shortcomings, strengthening weaknesses, stabilizing foundations, and improving quality. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that strengthening Party leadership over reform work must be reflected not only in deliberation and decision-making, but also in implementation and achieving results. Efforts should be concentrated on being pragmatic and avoiding empty talk, putting more energy into solving one practical problem after another, dissecting sparrows,[15]15 **Dissecting sparrows** (解剖麻雀): a metaphor for in-depth case study, derived from Mao Zedong's call to analyze specific samples to understand general issues. thoroughly thinking through problems deeply and meticulously, solving whatever problems exist, and whoever's problem it is should solve it. Party members and cadres at all levels should, with the spirit of being wholeheartedly for the people, more precisely align with the needs of development, the expectations of grassroots units, and the aspirations of the people, effectively enhancing the precision, targeting, and effectiveness of reform. Upholding the spirit of being wholeheartedly for the people, grasping reform implementation, testing reform with actual performance, effectiveness, and the satisfaction of the people, giving the people more direct and more tangible sense of gain, happiness, and security, forming a strong synergy for advancing reform, and ensuring reform achieves tangible results.

一心为民，确保改革求实效。为了人民而改革，改革才有意义；依靠人民而改革，改革才有动力。以钉钉子精神抓好改革落实，要坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，将钉子钉在人民群众普遍关心的民生问题上，聚焦重点领域和关键环节，在补短板、强弱项、稳基础、提质量上持续用力。习近平总书记指出，加强党对改革工作的领导，不仅要体现在议事决策上，也要体现在抓落实、见成效上。要在务实戒虚上下功夫，把更多精力放在解决一个一个实际问题上来，解剖麻雀，把问题想深、想细、想透，有什么问题就解决什么问题，是谁的问题就由谁来解决。各级党员、干部要以一心为民精神，更加精准地对接发展所需、基层所盼、民心所向，切实提升改革的精准性、针对性、实效性。秉持一心为民精神，抓好改革落实，以实绩实效和人民群众满意度检验改革，让人民群众有更多、更直接、更实在的获得感、幸福感、安全感，形成推进改革的强大合力，确保改革取得实效。

Seek truth and be pragmatic; strike one hammer after another. The process of implementation will not be smooth sailing; it will inevitably be full of difficulties and obstacles. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that implementation cannot be about showy gimmicks; it does not work to simply shout slogans without action, nor is just holding meetings and issuing documents enough; it must be implemented in practice. Driving a nail is often not done with a single hammer blow. Party members and cadres at all levels should adopt a work style of seeking truth and being pragmatic, exerting repeated and persistent force, striking one hammer after another. Without seeking truth and being pragmatic in work style, it is difficult to go deep or sustain, and may even cause reform to be abandoned halfway or lose all previous achievements. Therefore, it is necessary to muster the vigor of making every hammer strike count and achieve results, establish and maintain a pragmatic work style, exert sustained effort, and achieve lasting results, driving the "nail of reform" firmly and in place. Correct decision-making cannot be separated from investigation and research; correct implementation also cannot be separated from investigation and research. It is necessary to bend down, go to the front line, take steps, go out of the office, go to workshops and docks, go to fields and farmland, go to markets and communities, personally inspect and experience. It is necessary to closely align with the production and life of the people, the reality of economic and social development, and the practical problems facing comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, especially going to places where people have many opinions and places where work is poorly done, listening to the truth, checking the actual situation, and obtaining real results, thoroughly clarifying existing contradictions and problems, and doing all work solidly and well. For implementation, the leading cadre is key. General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized that at critical moments of major reforms, what kind of political stance leading cadres adopt has a crucial impact on whether reform can proceed smoothly. Leading cadres should play a demonstrative role as the "key minority"[16]16 **Key minority** (关键少数): refers to leading cadres, especially at senior levels, who play a crucial role in decision-making and reform implementation. , resolutely rectify various unhealthy practices, adhere to the mass line, fully mobilize the initiative and creativity of the people to actively participate in and promote reform. They must shoulder responsibility, be willing to carry the heaviest loads, dare to gnaw the hardest bones, and be adept at taking the hottest sweet potatoes,[17]17 **Take the hottest sweet potatoes** (接最烫的山芋): a proverb meaning taking on the most difficult or sensitive tasks, akin to handling a hot potato. grasping the work under their charge tightly, solidly, and achieving results.

求真务实，一锤接着一锤敲。抓落实的过程不会一帆风顺，必定充满艰难险阻。习近平总书记指出，抓落实来不得花拳绣腿，光喊口号、不行动不行，单单开会、发文件不够，必须落到实处。钉钉子往往不是一锤子就能钉好的。各级党员、干部要以求真务实的工作作风，反复用力、绵绵用劲，一锤接着一锤敲。作风不求真、不务实则难以深入、难以持久，还可能导致改革半途而废、前功尽弃。因此，必须铆足锤锤到位、锤锤见效的劲头，树立和保持求真务实的作风，持续用力、久久为功，把“改革的钉子”钉扎实、钉到位。正确的决策离不开调查研究，正确的贯彻落实同样也离不开调查研究。要扑下身子、沉到一线，迈开步子、走出院子，到车间码头，到田间地头，到市场社区，亲自查看、亲身体验。要紧扣人民群众生产生活，紧扣经济社会发展实际，紧扣全面从严治党面临的现实问题，特别是要多到群众意见多的地方去，多到工作做得差的地方去，听实话、查实情、收实效，切实把存在的矛盾和问题搞清楚，把各项工作做实做好。抓落实，一把手是关键。习近平总书记强调，在重大改革考验关头，领导干部选择什么样的政治站位，对改革能否顺利推进具有关键影响。领导干部要发挥“关键少数”示范作用，坚决纠治各种不正之风，坚持走群众路线，充分调动人民群众积极参与和推动改革的主动性和创造性。要把责任扛在肩上，勇于挑最重的担子，敢于啃最硬的骨头，善于接最烫的山芋，把分管工作抓紧抓实、抓出成效。

Dare to take responsibility; take the initiative and be capable of accomplishing things well. Speaking the truth and doing solid work best test and temper Party spirit. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that leading cadres, especially senior cadres, bear the important responsibility of advancing reform. They must enhance political responsibility and historical mission, with political courage to tackle difficulties and face challenges, confront contradictions and problems without evasion, eradicate stubborn and deep-seated ills without hesitation, and respond to risks and challenges without retreating, striving to open up a new realm of reform and development. Whether one is truly political and has strong Party spirit is fundamentally measured by whether they can resolutely implement the various decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, work hard and practically, dare to take responsibility, take the initiative and act effectively, and implement all reform tasks. Refuse "lie flat cadres"[18]18 **Lie flat cadres** (躺平式干部): a term for cadres who are passive, avoid responsibility, and refuse to strive for results, echoing the "lie flat" trend in Chinese society. . The vast majority of Party members and cadres should possess both the excellent character of daring to take responsibility without avoiding difficulties, and the comprehensive ability to take the initiative and accomplish things well. Party members and cadres at all levels should, with the practical force of genuine grasping, the fierce force of bold grasping, the skillful force of clever grasping, and the tenacity of persistent grasping, take the initiative, do good work, and achieve success. They should not only lead comrades to set the overall direction, clarify the path, and prescribe the right remedy, but also personally deploy important tasks, personally check key links, and personally follow up on implementation progress, truly shouldering the important responsibility of grasping reform implementation.

敢于担当，主动有为善成事。讲实话、干实事最能检验和锤炼党性。习近平总书记指出，领导干部特别是高级干部担负着推进改革的重要职责。要增强政治责任感、历史使命感，以攻坚克难、迎难而上的政治勇气，直面矛盾问题不回避，铲除顽瘴痼疾不含糊，应对风险挑战不退缩，奋力打开改革发展新天地。是不是讲政治、党性强不强，最根本的一条，就看是否能坚决贯彻落实党中央各项决策部署，真抓实干、敢于担当、主动有为，把改革各项工作落到实处。拒绝“躺平式干部”。广大党员、干部既要有敢于担当不避事的优秀品格，也要具备主动有为善成事的综合能力。各级党员、干部要以真抓的实劲、敢抓的狠劲、善抓的巧劲、常抓的韧劲，主动有为，善作善成，既要带领身边同志一起定好盘子、理清路子、开对方子，又要做到重要任务亲自部署、关键环节亲自把关、落实情况亲自过问，切实担负起抓好改革落实的重要职责。

Online Editor: Paul

网络编辑：保罗