The Spirit of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army Is an Important Embodiment of the Great Founding Spirit of the Party

The spiritual pedigree of Chinese Communists, which originates from the great founding spirit of the Party, is an important source and concentrated embodiment of the core socialist values, providing inexhaustible impetus for the CPC to continuously march from victory to victory. As an important component of this spiritual pedigree, the spirit of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army [1]1 The Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army was a guerrilla force led by the CPC in Northeast China during the War of Resistance against Japan (1931-1945). profoundly reflects the great founding spirit of the Party. Correctly understanding the inner connection between the spirit of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army and the great founding spirit of the Party is of great significance for carrying forward revolutionary traditions and continuing the red bloodline.

以伟大建党精神为源头的中国共产党人精神谱系，是社会主义核心价值观的重要来源和集中体现，为中国共产党不断从胜利走向胜利提供了不竭动力。作为这一精神谱系的重要组成部分，东北抗联精神深刻体现了伟大建党精神。正确认识东北抗联精神和伟大建党精神的内在联系，对于弘扬革命传统、赓续红色血脉意义重大。

The Spiritual Source of the CPC

中国共产党的精神之源

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out at the ceremony marking the centenary of the CPC: "One hundred years ago, the pioneers of the CPC founded the Communist Party of China and forged the great founding spirit of the Party, which consists of upholding truth and ideals, staying true to the original aspiration and founding mission, fighting bravely without fear of sacrifice, and being loyal to the Party and faithful to the people. This is the spiritual source of the CPC." Over the past century and more, the CPC has been steadfast in fulfilling its original aspiration and founding mission, actively promoting the great founding spirit of the Party, and building up the spiritual pedigree of Chinese Communists, thus providing solid spiritual strength for the prosperity and development of the Party and the country.

习近平总书记在庆祝中国共产党成立100周年大会上指出：“一百年前，中国共产党的先驱们创建了中国共产党，形成了坚持真理、坚守理想，践行初心、担当使命，不怕牺牲、英勇斗争，对党忠诚、不负人民的伟大建党精神，这是中国共产党的精神之源。”百余年来，中国共产党矢志践行初心使命，积极弘扬伟大建党精神，构建起中国共产党人的精神谱系，为党和国家的繁荣发展提供了坚实的精神力量。

Upholding truth and ideals is the concentrated expression of the CPC's firm conviction. Since its founding, the CPC has taken Marxism as its guiding ideology and established the realization of communism as its highest ideal, casting the upholding of truth and ideals into the spiritual bloodline of Chinese Communists. The CPC has always adhered to combining theory with practice, continuously promoting theoretical innovation and practical development. Chinese Communists defend truth with their lives and practice ideals with actions, forging the unswerving political character of Chinese Communists.

坚持真理、坚守理想是中国共产党坚定信念的集中表达。中国共产党自成立之日起，便将马克思主义作为指导思想，并把实现共产主义确立为最高理想，把坚持真理、坚守理想熔铸于中国共产党人的精神血脉。中国共产党始终坚持将理论与实践相结合，不断推动理论创新和实践发展。中国共产党人以生命捍卫真理、以行动践行理想，铸就了中国共产党人坚贞不渝的政治本色。

Staying true to the original aspiration and founding mission and shouldering the mission is the essential requirement for the CPC to continue forging ahead. The CPC has always adhered to the people-centered development philosophy, committed to seeking happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation. The road to the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is irreversible.

践行初心、担当使命，是中国共产党接续奋进的本质要求。中国共产党始终坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，致力于为中国人民谋幸福、为中华民族谋复兴，中华民族的复兴之路不可逆转。

Not fearing sacrifice and fighting bravely are the spiritual symbols of the CPC's tempering of will. It is precisely because generations of Chinese Communists were not afraid of sacrifice and fought bravely that the CPC was able to achieve breakthroughs in struggle time and again, rise again from setbacks, and continuously improve through summing up experience.

不怕牺牲、英勇斗争，是中国共产党砥砺意志的精神标识。正是因为一代代中国共产党人不怕牺牲、英勇斗争，中国共产党才能一次次在斗争中取得突破，于挫折中重新奋起，在总结中不断提高。

Being loyal to the Party and faithful to the people is the fundamental guarantee for the CPC to maintain eternal vitality. The CPC regards loyalty to the Party as the primary political requirement and the people's standpoint as the fundamental political standpoint. In the long-term struggle, Party members and cadres have firmly upheld ideals and convictions, strictly observed political discipline and political rules, consciously kept in line with the Party Central Committee in thought, politics, and action, and fulfilled the solemn pledge of loyalty to the Party and faithfulness to the people with their lives. The CPC has survived countless hardships and tribulations along its journey, yet remains vigorous and stands at the forefront, precisely because of the loyalty of millions of Party members and the support of the people.

对党忠诚、不负人民，是中国共产党永葆生机的根本保证。中国共产党把对党忠诚作为第一位的政治要求，把人民立场作为根本政治立场。在长期奋斗中，广大党员干部坚定理想信念，严守政治纪律和政治规矩，自觉在思想上政治上行动上同党中央保持高度一致，用生命践行了对党忠诚、不负人民的铮铮誓言。中国共产党一路走来，历经无数坎坷与磨难，依然风华正茂、挺立潮头，靠的就是千千万万共产党员的忠诚和人民群众的拥护。

An Important Component of the Spiritual Pedigree of Chinese Communists

中国共产党人精神谱系的重要组成部分

The spirit of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army is a great revolutionary spirit forged by the Chinese Communist Party leading the people of the Northeast in the War of Resistance against Japan in the Northeast. It is concentratedly embodied in the firm conviction of loyalty to the Party, the national righteousness of bravely facing the national crisis, and the heroic spirit of fighting to the death. This spirit profoundly demonstrates the distinctive political character and lofty sentiments of Chinese Communists, is an important component of the spiritual pedigree of Chinese Communists, and is the concrete unfolding and distinct manifestation of the great founding spirit of the Party.

东北抗联精神是中国共产党领导东北人民在东北抗战中锻造形成的伟大革命精神，集中体现为忠诚于党的坚定信念、勇赴国难的民族大义、血战到底的英雄气概。这一精神深刻展现了中国共产党人鲜明的政治品格与崇高情怀，是中国共产党人精神谱系的重要组成部分，是伟大建党精神的具体展开和鲜明体现。

The firm conviction of loyalty to the Party is the core essence of the spirit of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army. In order to restore contact with the Party Central Committee, Yang Jingyu [2]2 Yang Jingyu (1905-1940) was a commander of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army, known for his leadership and tenacious resistance until his death. organized two westward expeditions [3]3 The westward expeditions organized by Yang Jingyu in 1936 and 1938 aimed to reconnect with the CPC Central Committee after contact was lost.; Zhao Shangzhi [4]4 Zhao Shangzhi (1908-1946) was a military commander of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army, repeatedly expelled from the Party but remained loyal until executed. was expelled from the Party twice, yet he still maintained his firm conviction and died a heroic death; Zhao Yiman [5]5 Zhao Yiman (1905-1936) was a female member of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army, captured and tortured, died a martyr. endured severe torture in prison, remained unyielding, and finally sang "The Red Flag Song" before dying a martyr's death; Chen Hanzhang [6]6 Chen Hanzhang (1913-1940) was a commander of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army, gouged out eyes but refused to surrender, killed in action., even after his eyes were gouged out by the enemy, would rather die than surrender, and died a heroic death. It can be seen that the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army was always loyal to the Party's beliefs, loyal to the Party organization, and loyal to the Party's theories, line, principles, and policies, truly achieving loyalty to the Party.

忠诚于党的坚定信念是东北抗联精神的核心要义。为了恢复同党中央的联系，杨靖宇两次组织西征；赵尚志两次被开除党籍，仍然坚定信念，直至英勇就义；赵一曼在狱中饱尝酷刑，仍坚贞不屈，最后高唱《红旗歌》慷慨就义；陈翰章即使被敌人剜掉双眼，仍宁死不降，直到壮烈牺牲。可见，东北抗联始终忠诚于党的信仰，忠诚于党组织，忠诚于党的理论和路线方针政策，真正做到了对党忠诚。

The national righteousness of bravely facing the national crisis is an important pillar of the spirit of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army. So-called national righteousness is patriotism. After the September 18 Incident [7]7 The September 18 Incident (1931) was a staged attack by the Japanese Kwantung Army that served as a pretext for the Japanese invasion of Northeast China., the CPC placed national righteousness first and was the first to raise the banner of resistance against Japan. At the same time, the CPC dispatched cadres such as Yang Jingyu, Zhao Shangzhi, Zhou Baozhong, and Li Zhaolin to the front line of the anti-Japanese resistance, established the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Front, and rallied unprecedentedly powerful anti-Japanese forces. From the fearlessness of "Not regretting losing my head for the new motherland, willing to water China with hot blood" to the steadfastness of "Not hesitating to sacrifice my life for the revolution, hoping the lost land will be returned soon," and to the tenacity of "Even if fearless heroes fall in battle, after a decade of bloody war we will strive for the final dawn" [8]8 These lines are from poems or writings by members of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army, expressing their patriotic determination., the spirit of patriotism had long been deeply integrated into the blood of the commanders and fighters of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army, and was implemented in every battle against the Japanese.

勇赴国难的民族大义是东北抗联精神的重要支撑。所谓民族大义就是爱国主义。九一八事变后，中国共产党将民族大义置于首位，率先举起抗日大旗。同时，中国共产党派遣杨靖宇、赵尚志、周保中、李兆麟等干部率先投身抗日前线，建立东北抗日民族统一战线，凝聚起空前强大的抗日力量。从“未惜头颅新故国，甘将热血沃中华”的无畏，到“不惜捐躯为革命，但愿失土早归回”的笃行，再到“纵然阵亡了无畏的英豪，十年血战还要争取最后的一朝”的坚毅，爱国主义精神早已深深融入东北抗联指战员的血液，落实到每一次对日作战中。

The heroic spirit of fighting to the death is a prominent feature of the spirit of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army. The struggle of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army was the most arduous in the history of the CPC, and its long-term nature, complexity, and cruelty are well known. On the one hand, the Japanese puppet authorities established large-scale "collective hamlets" and created "no-man's lands" [9]9 Collective hamlets and no-man's lands were part of the Japanese strategy to isolate anti-Japanese forces from the civilian population., cutting off the close connection between the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army and the people, leaving the army isolated and in extreme hardship. On the other hand, the natural conditions were extremely harsh, making the soldiers of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army suffer from "wet clothes, rotten feet, and difficulty breathing" in summer, and from "fire roasting the chest warm, wind blowing the back cold" in winter [10]10 These lines describe the harsh conditions faced by the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army.. Even so, the vast majority of commanders and fighters of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army still tried every means to overcome difficulties, tenaciously conquered the harsh environment, faced death unflinchingly, fought to the death, practiced the original aspiration and founding mission with blood, forged a monument of faith with their lives, and injected powerful impetus into the War of Resistance.

血战到底的英雄气概，是东北抗联精神的突出特征。东北抗联斗争是中国共产党历史上最艰苦的斗争，其长期性、复杂性、残酷性是人所共知的。一方面，日伪当局大规模建立“集团部落”，制造“无人区”，切断了东北抗联与民众之间的密切联系，使东北抗联陷入孤立无援、艰难困苦的境地。另一方面，自然条件极其恶劣，使得东北抗联将士夏季备受“湿衣溃足气喘难，蚊叮虫咬痕斑斑”之苦，冬季又饱尝“火烤胸前暖，风吹背后寒”之苦。即便如此，广大东北抗联指战员仍然千方百计克服困难，坚忍不拔战胜恶劣环境，视死如归血战到底，以鲜血践行初心使命，以生命铸就信仰丰碑，为抗战注入了强大动力。

Correctly Understanding the Relationship between the Spirit of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army and the Great Founding Spirit of the Party

正确认识东北抗联精神和伟大建党精神的关系

The spirit of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army is the concentrated embodiment and deep unfolding of the great founding spirit of the Party on the enemy-occupied battlefield in the Northeast. Relying on practice, taking faith as its core, and taking struggle as its main line, it fully demonstrates the political character of Chinese Communists in adhering to the original aspiration and fighting courageously in extremely complex environments. It is an important spiritual bond that runs through the century-long struggle process and the great practice of the people.

东北抗联精神是伟大建党精神在东北敌后战场的集中体现和深度展开。它以实践为依托、以信仰为内核、以斗争为主线，充分展现了中国共产党人在极端复杂环境中坚守初心、奋勇斗争的政治品格，是贯通百年奋斗历程、贯穿人民伟大实践的重要精神纽带。

The firm conviction of loyalty to the Party is the concentrated embodiment of "upholding truth and ideals" and "being loyal to the Party and faithful to the people." Facing severe tests such as the enemy's strength and our weakness, material scarcity, and temporary loss of contact with the Party Central Committee, the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army always placed the Party in the highest political position and regarded faith as the fundamental spiritual pillar. The vast majority of soldiers of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army kept their conviction firm and never changed their original intention, always engraving the Marxist faith and the struggle for national independence in their hearts and practicing them in action, fully demonstrating the political character of Chinese Communists' loyalty to the Party and unswerving commitment. Such loyalty and perseverance are precisely the foundation for the great founding spirit of the Party to thrive endlessly.

忠诚于党的坚定信念是“坚持真理、坚守理想”和“对党忠诚、不负人民”的集中体现。面对敌强我弱、物资匮乏以及与党中央一度失联等严峻考验，东北抗联始终把党置于最高政治位置，把信仰作为根本精神支柱。广大东北抗联将士坚定信念、不改初衷，始终把马克思主义信仰和争取民族独立铭刻于心、践之于行，充分展现了中国共产党人忠诚于党、矢志不渝的政治本色。这种忠诚与坚守，正是伟大建党精神生生不息的根基所在。

The national righteousness of bravely facing the national crisis is a typical portrayal of "staying true to the original aspiration and founding mission and shouldering the mission." Facing the severe situation of national subjugation and broken homeland, the soldiers of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army stepped forward, fearless and heroic, shouldering the historical responsibility of protecting the country and saving the nation from extinction. They always placed national interests and the safety of the people above all else, sacrificing their lives without hesitation, building a Great Wall of steel to resist foreign aggression with their flesh and blood, and practicing the original aspiration and founding mission of the CPC with concrete actions. The heroic struggle of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army vividly embodies the fundamental stance and mission of the CPC in representing the interests of the overwhelming majority of the people.

勇赴国难的民族大义是“践行初心、担当使命”的典型写照。面对民族危亡、山河破碎的严峻形势，东北抗联将士挺身而出、英勇无畏，肩负起保家卫国、救亡图存的历史重任。他们始终把民族利益和人民安危置于首要位置，舍生忘死、奋不顾身，以血肉之躯筑起抵御外侮的钢铁长城，用实际行动践行了中国共产党的初心使命。东北抗联的英勇斗争，生动体现了中国共产党代表最广大人民利益的根本立场和使命担当。

The heroic spirit of fighting to the death is a vivid manifestation of "not fearing sacrifice and fighting bravely." The Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army persisted in guerrilla warfare in the extremely difficult enemy-occupied environment for a long time. Facing severe tests such as severe winter snow blocking mountains and fighting alone, they never gave up or feared sacrifice, forging a heroic spirit of indomitable will and facing death unflinchingly. The soldiers of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army supported their tenacious will with firm faith, forged revolutionary loyalty through bloody battle, and demonstrated the lofty demeanor of Chinese Communists who disregard personal life and death and unremittingly strive for ideals and convictions. This fighting spirit is the refinement and sublimation of the great founding spirit of the Party in extreme adversity, and a concentrated reflection of the revolutionary heroism of the CPC.

血战到底的英雄气概是“不怕牺牲、英勇斗争”的生动展现。东北抗联在极端艰难的敌后环境中长期坚持游击战争，面对严寒封山、孤军奋战等严峻考验，始终不言放弃、不惧牺牲，锤炼出百折不挠、视死如归的英雄气概。东北抗联将士以坚定信仰支撑顽强意志，以浴血奋战铸就革命忠诚，展现了中国共产党人将个人生死置之度外、为理想信念不懈奋斗的崇高风范。这种斗争精神是伟大建党精神在极端困境中的淬炼升华，是中国共产党革命英雄主义精神的集中反映。

The spirit of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army is in the same lineage as the great founding spirit of the Party, fully manifesting the profound heritage of the great founding spirit of the Party, and is a precious spiritual treasure of the Party. Inheriting and carrying forward the spirit of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army is of great practical significance for strengthening the "Four Confidences," [11]11 The "Four Confidences" refer to confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics. unswervingly exercising comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

东北抗联精神与伟大建党精神一脉相承，充分彰显了伟大建党精神的深厚底蕴，是党的宝贵精神财富。继承和弘扬东北抗联精神，对于坚定“四个自信”、坚定不移全面从严治党、实现中华民族伟大复兴，具有重要的现实意义。

(The author is the dean of the Institute of CPC History and Party Building, Jilin University.)

（作者系吉林大学中共党史党建研究院院长）

Online editor: Tongxin

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