Building a New Service Industry System with a Focus on High Quality and High Efficiency

The level of development of the service industry is an important indicator of the degree of economic advancement of a modern society. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, General Secretary Xi Jinping has delivered a series of important discourses on the high-quality development of the service industry, emphasizing the need to "build a new service industry system that is high-quality and efficient, and promote the deep integration of modern service industries with advanced manufacturing and modern agriculture." Focusing efforts on "high quality and high efficiency" to form a new service industry system that adapts to the new development situation is not only an urgent need for extending industrial chains and increasing value, but also an inevitable requirement for meeting the people's ever-upgrading demand for high-quality and diversified services. We must proceed from reality, coordinate the building of a high-quality and efficient new service industry system with high-quality development, and by improving quality, optimizing structure, and perfecting standards, promote producer services to move towards specialization, facilitate consumer services to upgrade towards high quality, continuously enhance the competitiveness and resilience of the service industry, and provide solid support for building a modern economic system.

服务业发展水平是衡量现代社会经济发达程度的重要标志。党的十八大以来，习近平总书记对服务业高质量发展作出一系列重要论述，强调“构建优质高效的服务业新体系，推动现代服务业同先进制造业、现代农业深度融合”。着眼“优质高效”发力，形成适应发展新形势的服务业新体系，既是产业延链增值的迫切需要，也是满足人民不断升级的高品质、多样化需求的必然要求。要从实际出发，把构建优质高效的服务业新体系与高质量发展协同考量，通过提升质量、优化结构、完善标准，推动生产性服务业向专业化迈进，促进生活性服务业向高品质升级，不断增强服务业竞争力和韧性，为构建现代化经济体系提供坚实支撑。

The Essence of the New Service Industry System Lies in "New"

服务业新体系要义在“新”

As a vital component of the national economy, the service industry is large in scale and broad in coverage, determining that its high-quality development is by no means an improvement in a single link or local area, but must inevitably be a systematic project of systematization and integration. The essence of building a new service industry system lies in "new," but this "new" is by no means a simple quantitative accumulation or piling up of business forms; rather, it is driven by the dual engines of technological innovation and institutional reform, pushing the service industry to shift from scale expansion to quality leadership, ultimately achieving the development goals of "high quality" and "high efficiency." The construction of a new service industry system embodies profound innovations in development concepts, structural functions, and operational mechanisms.

服务业作为国民经济的重要组成部分，规模庞大、覆盖广泛，决定其高质量发展绝非单一环节或局部领域的提升，而必然是一个体系化、融合化的系统性工程。构建服务业新体系的要义在于“新”，但这种“新”绝非简单的数量叠加或业态堆砌，而是通过技术创新与制度变革的双轮驱动，推动服务业从规模扩张转向质量引领，最终实现“优质”与“高效”的发展目标。服务业新体系的构建，集中体现了发展理念、结构功能和运行机制上的深刻革新。

Adhere to innovation-driven development to stimulate new momentum for the efficient operation of the service industry. Innovation is the key to enhancing the competitiveness of the service industry. Facing the new situation of rapid technological development, the service industry must transform towards innovation-driven intensification and high efficiency. From the dimension of technological innovation, the deep integration of frontier technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data with the service industry is reshaping the mode of service supply. For example, in producer services, industrial internet platforms utilize real-time data interaction to enhance the collaborative efficiency of the industrial chain, enabling services such as logistics, finance, and R&D to shift from "passive response" to "active prediction"; in consumer services, new business forms such as smart retail, online healthcare, and immersive cultural tourism break the time and space constraints of traditional services, meeting people's new expectations for high-quality life through personalized and scenario-based supply. Institutional reform provides a guarantee for this "newness," by simplifying approval processes, improving industry standards, and optimizing factor allocation, creating a more relaxed development environment for innovative service enterprises, allowing technological innovation achievements to be more efficiently transformed into actual service effectiveness. Technological empowerment and institutional innovation complement each other, jointly providing important support for the service industry to achieve a leap from "quantity" to "quality."

坚持创新驱动，激发服务业高效运行的新动能。创新是服务业提升竞争力的关键所在。面对新技术迅猛发展的新形势，服务业发展必须向以创新驱动的集约化、高效化转变。从技术创新维度看，人工智能、大数据等前沿技术与服务业的深度融合，正在重塑服务供给方式。例如，生产性服务业中，工业互联网平台利用实时数据交互，提升产业链协同效率，让物流、金融、研发等服务从“被动响应”转向“主动预判”；生活性服务业中，智慧零售、在线医疗、沉浸式文旅等新业态，打破了传统服务的时空限制，以个性化、场景化供给满足人们对高品质生活的新期待。而制度变革则为这种“新”提供了保障，通过简化审批流程、完善行业标准、优化要素配置，为创新型服务业企业营造更宽松的发展环境，让技术创新成果能更高效地转化为实际服务效能。技术赋能与制度创新相辅相成，共同为服务业实现从“量”到“质”的跃升提供重要支撑。

Adhere to quality first to build a new benchmark for the high-quality development of the service industry. Quality is the foundation of high-quality development in the service industry. In today's increasingly diversified, personalized, and refined demand, relying solely on scale expansion and price competition can no longer meet the people's growing expectations for high-quality services. Therefore, the service industry must fundamentally change its development logic, take quality improvement as its core connotation, place "pursuing quality, experience, value, and satisfaction" in an important position, and build a new situation where high-quality supply leads demand and excellent experience creates value. To build a high-quality service industry, we must anchor on the diverse needs of the people and take improving service quality as a guiding principle that runs through the entire process. This guiding principle is not an abstract concept; it must rely on specific institutional designs, run through clear practical paths, and ultimately be transformed into concrete actions. On the one hand, we must establish and improve a modern service quality governance system, covering the entire chain from service standard setting and process supervision to quality evaluation and rights protection; on the other hand, we must stimulate the endogenous motivation of business entities to pursue excellence. Consideration could be given to improving incentive mechanisms, providing relevant policy support to enterprises that lead in quality, and making "high quality, high price" the market norm.

坚持质量为先，构筑服务业优质发展的新基准。质量是服务业高质量发展的基础。在需求日趋多元化、个性化和精细化的今天，单纯依靠规模扩张和价格竞争已难以适应人民群众对高品质服务日益增长的期待。因此，服务业必须从根本上转变发展逻辑，将质量提升作为核心内涵，把“追求品质、体验、价值和满意度”摆在重要位置，构建以优质供给引领需求、以卓越体验创造价值的新局面。打造优质服务业，要锚定人们的多样化需求，将提升服务品质作为贯穿始终的重要导向。这一导向并非抽象概念，必须依托于具体的制度设计，贯穿于清晰的实践路径，最终转化为切实行动。一方面，要建立健全现代服务质量治理体系，涵盖从服务标准制定、过程监管到质量评价、权益保障的全链条；另一方面，要激发经营主体追求卓越的内生动力，可考虑通过完善激励机制，对质量领先的企业给予相关政策支持，让“优质优价”成为市场常态。

Adhere to structural synergy to outline a new blueprint for a high-quality and efficient service ecosystem. Synergy is the key path for the service industry to break out of traditional development bottlenecks and move towards high-quality development. What is referred to here is no longer a single-point optimization in a single field, but a comprehensive innovation that reconstructs the service ecosystem with systematic thinking, transforming the high-quality and efficient service industry from a "scattered puzzle" into an "organic whole." Strengthening the structural synergy of the service industry aims to break the boundaries between different industries, regions, and links, building a new ecosystem of "cross-border integration, resource sharing, and shared interests." From the perspective of intra-industry synergy, technology services can provide technical solutions for financial institutions, financial services can inject R&D funds into technology enterprises, and logistics services can provide transportation channels for the application of achievements. These can break through the single business form development model, forming a closed-loop linkage of "technology-finance-logistics"; from the perspective of upstream and downstream synergy in the industrial chain, enterprises achieve seamless connection of "ordering-stocking-dispatching-after-sales service" through order synchronization and inventory sharing mechanisms; from the perspective of inter-regional service industry synergy, some cities focus more on high-end services, while others undertake more logistics distribution and customer service outsourcing, forming a new situation of division of labor, complementarity, and resource flow; from the perspective of cross-industry synergy, industrial design empowers the upgrading of manufacturing products, and cold chain logistics helps agricultural fresh products reach the dining table directly, better achieving the two-way win-win of "services empowering industries, industries driving services."

坚持结构协同，勾勒优质高效服务生态的新图景。协同是服务业跳出传统发展瓶颈、迈向高质量发展的关键路径。这里指的不再是单一领域的单点优化，而是以系统思维重构服务生态的全局革新，让优质高效的服务业从“零散拼图”变为“有机整体”。强化服务业结构协同旨在打破不同产业、区域、环节之间的边界，构建起“跨界融合、资源共享、利益共生”的新生态。从产业内部协同看，科技服务可为金融机构提供技术解决方案，金融服务可为科技企业注入研发资金，物流服务可为成果转化应用提供运输通道，这些可以突破单一业态发展模式，形成“科技—金融—物流”的闭环联动；从产业链上下游协同看，企业通过订单同步和库存共享机制，实现“下单—备货—发货—售后”无缝衔接；从区域间服务业协同看，有的城市更多聚焦高端服务，有的城市更多承接物流分拨、客服外包，形成分工互补、资源流动的新局面；从跨产业协同看，工业设计赋能制造业产品升级，冷链物流助力农业生鲜直达餐桌，更好实现“服务赋能产业、产业带动服务”的双向共赢。

Coordinate and Handle Several Important Relationships

统筹处理好几个重要关系

The high-quality and efficient new service industry system involves not only frontier breakthroughs in technological upgrading and business form innovation, but also deep-seated changes in institutional improvement, standard construction, and industrial integration. We must adhere to systematic thinking, accurately grasp and handle a series of important relationships.

优质高效的服务业新体系既涉及技术升级与业态创新的前沿突破，又包括制度完善、标准建设与产业融合的深层变革。必须坚持系统思维，精准把握和处理好一系列重要关系。

Coordinate the relationship between comprehensive advancement and key breakthroughs. The construction of a new service industry system must not only avoid inefficient investment like "sprinkling pepper powder,"[1]1 "Sprinkling pepper powder" (撒胡椒面) is a Chinese idiom referring to the inefficient practice of spreading resources thinly and evenly across many areas, resulting in no significant impact anywhere. but also achieve overall improvement driven by breakthroughs at key points. From the dimension of comprehensive advancement, it is necessary to cover fields such as producer services, consumer services, and public services. Producer services should focus on key links such as R&D and design, modern logistics, and financial services, strengthening support for the real economy; consumer services should promote the quality improvement and expansion of business forms such as elderly care, childcare, and cultural tourism, meeting the people's needs for a better life; public services should make up for shortcomings in areas such as education, healthcare, and transportation, achieving balanced development. Key breakthroughs, on the other hand, need to target the "bottleneck" links and new growth points of the service industry. On the one hand, concentrate resources on overcoming core technologies in high-end service fields, such as industrial software and smart medical algorithms; on the other hand, accelerate the cultivation of new business forms such as digital services and green services, for example, using digital technology to drive AI-assisted design innovation, and adhering to the concept of green development to promote the growth of new energy operation and maintenance services. Use breakthrough progress in key areas to provide replicable experience and strong momentum support for comprehensive advancement work, ultimately forming a good development trend of "using points to drive the whole, coordinating points and the whole."

统筹好全面推进和重点突破的关系。服务业新体系建设不仅要避免“撒胡椒面”式的低效投入，更要实现以点上的突破带动全局的提升。从全面推进维度看，需覆盖生产性服务业、生活性服务业、公共服务业等领域。生产性服务业要聚焦研发设计、现代物流、金融服务等关键环节，强化对实体经济的支撑；生活性服务业要推动养老、育幼、文旅等业态提质扩容，满足人民美好生活需要；公共服务业要补齐教育、医疗、交通等领域的短板，实现均衡发展。而重点突破则需瞄准服务业的“卡脖子”环节与新增长点发力。一方面，集中资源攻克高端服务业领域的核心技术，如工业软件、智慧医疗算法等；另一方面，加快培育数字服务业、绿色服务业等新业态，如运用数字技术驱动人工智能辅助设计创新，坚持绿色发展理念推动新能源运维服务等发展壮大。以重点领域的突破性进展，为全面推进工作提供可复制的经验借鉴与强有力的动力支撑，最终形成“以点带面、点面协同”的良好发展态势。

Coordinate the relationship between improving efficiency and ensuring fairness. The development of the service industry must have "speed" and "warmth." Fairness without efficiency is fragile and difficult to sustain, while efficiency without fairness is cold and lacks warmth. An important purpose of improving service industry efficiency is to reduce resource consumption and optimize service supply models, thereby releasing more freely disposable free time for people, and thus more effectively improving the quality of life and happiness experience; fairness and inclusiveness in the service industry emphasize enabling more people to equally enjoy development opportunities. Improving efficiency and ensuring fairness promote each other and are dialectically unified, ultimately landing on people-centered sustainable development. When children in remote areas obtain high-quality educational resources through online education, when ordinary workers gain development channels through vocational training, and when the elderly enjoy smart elderly care life through technological innovation, the integration of efficiency and fairness is no longer empty talk, but a vivid reality. This integration can not only bring stable economic growth, but also inject strong momentum into social development.

统筹好提升效率和保障公平的关系。服务业发展要“有速度”“有温度”，没有效率的公平是脆弱的、难以持续的，而没有公平的效率是冷漠的、缺乏温度的。服务业效率提升的重要目的在于通过减少资源消耗、优化服务供给模式，为人们释放更多可自主支配的自由时间，进而更有效地提升生活品质与幸福体验；服务业公平普惠则是强调让更多人平等享有发展机会。提升效率和保障公平二者相互促进、辩证统一，最终落脚到以人民为中心的可持续发展中。当偏远地区的孩子通过在线教育获得优质教育资源，当普通劳动者通过职业培训获得发展通道，当老年人通过技术创新享受智慧养老生活，效率与公平的融合便不再是空谈，而是生动现实。这种融合，不仅能带来经济的稳定增长，更能为社会发展注入强大动力。

We must properly balance the relationship between domestic development and opening up to the outside world. The development of the service industry must both take root in the domestic market to consolidate its foundation and deeply integrate into the global economic landscape to expand its space. Being grounded domestically is the solid foundation for the opening up of the service industry. We must rely on the advantages of the super-large market formed by a population of over 1.4 billion, cultivate a number of leading local service enterprises with core competitiveness, and at the same time accelerate the improvement of the service industry standards system, promoting the alignment of standards in key areas such as elderly care, medical services, and cultural tourism with international standards. Expanding opening up is an important driving force for improving the quality and upgrading the service industry. We must further relax market access for the service industry, introduce more open policies and measures in areas such as finance, medical care, and education, actively introduce advanced foreign management experience, encourage Chinese service industry enterprises to "go global," promote Chinese standards and technologies such as digital payments and infrastructure services to the world, and continuously enhance the international influence of "Chinese services."

统筹好国内发展和对外开放的关系。服务业发展既要扎根国内市场筑牢根基，也要深度融入全球经济格局拓展空间。立足国内是服务业对外开放的坚实基础。我们要依托14亿多人口构成的超大规模市场优势，培育一批具有核心竞争力的本土服务业龙头企业，同时加快完善服务业标准体系，推动养老、医疗、文旅等重点领域标准与国际接轨。扩大开放是服务业提质升级的重要动力。要进一步放宽服务业市场准入，在金融、医疗、教育等领域推出更加开放的政策措施，积极引进国外先进管理经验，鼓励中国服务业企业“走出去”，推动数字支付、基建服务等中国标准和技术走向世界，不断提升“中国服务”的国际影响力。

Focus on Key Areas to Explore Practical Pathways

聚焦重点探索实践路径

Standing at a new starting point, we must proceed from a comprehensive, dialectical, and interconnected perspective, fully recognize the arduousness and complexity of building a new, high-quality and efficient service industry system, focus on key areas, adopt multiple measures and coordinate efforts, and scientifically explore a practical pathway that meets the requirements of the New Era.

站上新起点，要从全面、辩证、联系的视角出发，充分认识构建优质高效服务业新体系的艰巨性和复杂性，聚焦重点，多措并举、协同发力，科学探索出一条符合新时代要求的实践路径。

Focus on High-Quality Supply to Promote Structural Optimization and Upgrading of the Service Industry. To promote the improvement of quality and efficiency in producer services, we must both strengthen key areas by cultivating research institutions, building smart logistics, and innovating financial products to shore up weak links, and promote deep industrial integration by encouraging producer service enterprises and manufacturing enterprises to establish a mechanism for co-construction and sharing. To accelerate the quality upgrading of consumer services, we must guide the personalization of service supply based on diverse demands. Service models emerging in the current market, such as private customization, can more precisely meet the differentiated needs of different groups, making services both warm and targeted. At the same time, we can also take the resolution of pain points as a starting point to promote the refinement of the service experience. In response to problems such as uneven service quality and insufficient process transparency in some areas, we can effectively enhance consumers' sense of gain and satisfaction by establishing a standardized service system and implementing visualized service processes.

聚焦优质供给，推动服务业结构优化升级。推动生产性服务业提质增效，既要强化重点领域，通过培育科研机构、建设智慧物流、创新金融产品等来补齐短板，还要推动产业深度融合，鼓励生产性服务业企业与制造业企业构建共建共享机制。加快生活性服务业品质升级，则要以多元需求为导向推动服务供给个性化。当前市场中兴起的私人定制等服务模式，能更精准对接不同群体的差异化需求，让服务兼具温度与针对性。同时，还可以痛点破解为抓手推动服务体验精细化。针对部分领域服务质量参差不齐、流程透明度不足等问题，可通过建立标准化服务体系、推行可视化服务流程等，有效增强消费者的获得感与满意度。

Focus on Digital Transformation to Activate the Innovation-Driven Development Momentum of the Service Industry. Accelerate the deep integration of new-generation information technologies such as 5G, artificial intelligence, and big data with the service industry, and cultivate new intelligent-native models and new business forms. In the production field, vigorously develop intelligent-native technologies, products, and service systems, accelerate the cultivation of a number of enterprises whose underlying architecture and operational logic are based on artificial intelligence, and explore new business models; promote the intelligent linkage of all factors in industry, and accelerate the application and implementation of artificial intelligence in the entire chain of design, pilot testing, production, service, and operation. In the living field, strengthen the construction of intelligent consumption infrastructure, and expand new scenarios for service consumption such as experiential consumption, personalized consumption, and emotional consumption. Encourage artificial intelligence technology to empower fields such as health management, cultural entertainment, and spiritual companionship, and effectively improve the quality of life of residents.

聚焦数字转型，激活服务业创新发展动能。加快5G、人工智能、大数据等新一代信息技术与服务业深度融合，培育智能原生新模式新业态。在生产领域，大力发展智能原生技术、产品和服务体系，加快培育一批底层架构和运行逻辑基于人工智能的企业，探索全新商业模式；推动工业全要素智能联动，加快人工智能在设计、中试、生产、服务、运营全环节落地应用。在生活领域，加强智能消费基础设施建设，拓展体验消费、个性消费、情绪消费等服务消费新场景。鼓励人工智能技术赋能健康管理、文化娱乐、精神陪伴等领域，切实提升居民生活品质。

Focus on Cross-Border Integration to Expand New Space for Service Industry Development. Promote the service industry to break through traditional industrial boundaries, deepen integration and innovation within the service industry itself and between various industries, and build a more dynamic and resilient modern industrial system. In terms of integration within the service industry, we should be guided by meeting the people's diversified and high-quality consumption demands, and promote deep integrated development in key areas. Taking the integration of culture and tourism as an example, by deeply exploring cultural heritage and local characteristic cultural resources, we can create a diversified and integrated immersive product system of "culture + tourism + experience," promoting the transformation from traditional scenic spot sightseeing to all-for-one tourism and themed in-depth experiences. In the field of "service industry + agriculture" integration, we should take the construction of the agricultural socialized service system as the key starting point, and promote the transformation and upgrading of agricultural services towards specialization, scale, and standardization. For example, relying on the Internet of Things and blockchain technology, we can build an efficient agricultural product supply chain system "from the field to the dining table," thereby effectively reducing circulation losses and increasing product added value.

聚焦跨界融合，拓展服务业发展新空间。推动服务业突破传统产业边界，深化其内部及各行业之间的融合创新，构建更富活力和韧性的现代化产业体系。在服务业内部融合方面，应以满足人民群众多元化、高品质消费需求为导向，推动重点领域实现深度融合发展。以文旅融合为例，通过深入挖掘文化遗产与地方特色文化资源，打造“文化+旅游+体验”多元一体的沉浸式产品体系，推动从传统景区观光向全域旅游、主题深度体验转型。在“服务业+农业”融合领域，应以农业社会化服务体系建设为关键抓手，推动农业服务向专业化、规模化和标准化转型升级。例如，依托物联网和区块链技术，构建从“田间到餐桌”的高效农产品供应链体系，从而有效降低流通损耗、提升产品附加值。

Focus on Standards Construction to Consolidate the Foundation for High-Quality Development of the Service Industry. Standardization construction can make high-quality services have rules to follow and evidence to rely on, effectively enhancing the people's sense of gain and security. In terms of standard setting, we should accelerate the filling of standard gaps in key livelihood areas such as elderly care, childcare, and housekeeping, as well as in high-end service areas such as finance, science and technology innovation, and digital services, and introduce a batch of leading national standards and industry standards. Actively encourage enterprises to set enterprise standards higher than national and industry standards, implement the "leader" system for enterprise standards, support social organizations and leading enterprises in participating in the formulation and translation of international standards, and promote the alignment of China's service industry standards with advanced international levels. Promote the implementation of standards, strengthen supervision over standard implementation, establish and improve a service quality evaluation system with multi-party participation from the government, industry, and society, improve the mechanisms for punishing dishonesty and industry exit, form a closed-loop management of "implementation—evaluation—feedback—improvement," and promote service industry enterprises to improve quality and efficiency.

聚焦标准建设，筑牢服务业高质量发展根基。标准化建设可以让优质服务有章可循、有据可依，切实增强人民群众的获得感和安全感。在标准制定方面，应加快填补养老、育幼、家政等民生重点领域以及金融、科创、数字服务等高端服务业领域的标准空白，推出一批具有引领性的国家标准和行业标准。积极鼓励企业制定高于国标和行标的企业标准，践行企业标准“领跑者”制度，支持社会组织及龙头企业参与国际标准制定与转化，促进我国服务业标准与国际先进水平接轨。推动标准落地，加强标准实施监督，建立健全政府、行业、社会多方参与的服务质量评价体系，完善失信惩戒和行业退出机制，形成“执行—评估—反馈—改进”的闭环管理，推动服务业企业提质增效。

(The author is a researcher at the Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, and a researcher at the Institute of Finance and Trade Economics.)

（作者系中国社会科学院习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心研究员、财经战略研究院研究员）

Online editor: Huihui

网络编辑：慧慧