Amplifying the Multiplier Effect of the Deep Integration of Technological Innovation and Industrial Innovation

The new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation is deepening, profoundly reshaping the global competitive landscape. China is at a critical stage of driving high-quality development through technological innovation. General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized “solidly promoting the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation to help develop new quality productive forces,” and put forward that “technological innovation and industrial innovation are the basic paths for developing new quality productive forces.” This provides guidance for profoundly grasping the intrinsic connection between technological innovation and industrial innovation, and points out the practical direction for cultivating and developing new quality productive forces.

新一轮科技革命和产业变革深入发展，深刻重塑全球竞争格局。我国正处于依靠科技创新驱动高质量发展的关键阶段。习近平总书记强调“扎实推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合，助力发展新质生产力”，提出“科技创新和产业创新，是发展新质生产力的基本路径”，为深刻把握科技创新和产业创新的内在联系提供了遵循，指明了培育和发展新质生产力的实践方向。

In recent years, China has solidly promoted the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation. While achieving fruitful practical results, it has also deepened its understanding of the internal logic of their integration. On the one hand, technological innovation is the endogenous driving force for industrial innovation and development, and also the core element for developing new quality productive forces. Technological innovation can give rise to new industries, new models, and new drivers, powerfully promote key technological breakthroughs, continuously increase the supply of high-quality science and technology, and provide impetus for transforming and upgrading traditional industries, cultivating and strengthening emerging industries, laying out and building future industries, and perfecting the modern industrial system. On the other hand, industrial innovation can guide and stimulate technological innovation, and provide a key carrier for realizing the value of technological innovation achievements. Only by promptly applying the achievements of technological innovation to specific industries and industrial chains can we better test these achievements and promote faster technological iteration, thereby linking basic research, applied research, and the transfer and transformation of achievements, and enhancing the overall vitality of technological innovation.

近年来，我国扎实推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合，在取得丰硕实践成果的同时，进一步深化了对两者融合内在逻辑的认识。一方面，科技创新是产业创新和发展的内生动力，也是发展新质生产力的核心要素。科技创新能够催生新产业、新模式、新动能，有力推动关键技术革新，持续增加高质量科技供给，为改造提升传统产业、培育壮大新兴产业、布局建设未来产业以及完善现代化产业体系提供动力。另一方面，产业创新能够牵引和激发科技创新，并为科技创新成果的价值实现提供关键载体。只有及时将科技创新成果应用到具体产业和产业链上，才能更好检验科技创新成果并促进技术加快迭代，进而使基础研究、应用研究、成果转移转化相贯通，提升科技创新整体活力。

Currently, the accelerated iteration and evolution of new technologies represented by artificial intelligence are having a significant and far-reaching impact on economic development, social progress, and the international political and economic landscape. The importance and urgency of further promoting the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation have become even more prominent. We must seize the opportunities of the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, make concrete efforts to stimulate the multiplier effect of the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation, make good use of China’s advantages of a super-large market and a complete industrial system, enable technological innovation and industrial innovation to promote each other, and better cultivate new quality productive forces to promote high-quality development.

当前，以人工智能为代表的新技术加速迭代和演进，正在对经济发展、社会进步、国际政治经济格局等方面产生重大而深远的影响，进一步推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合的重要性紧迫性更为凸显。必须抢抓新一轮科技革命和产业变革机遇，在激发科技创新和产业创新深度融合的乘数效应上切实发力，用好我国超大规模市场优势和完备产业体系优势，使科技创新和产业创新互促共进，更好培育新质生产力、推动高质量发展。

Seeking the Realization of the Value of Technological Innovation

谋求科技创新价值的实现

The multiplier effect generally refers to the degree of chain reaction in the total amount of economic change caused by the increase or decrease of a certain variable in economic activities. Specifically applied to the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation, it mainly refers to the two-way penetration and dynamic synergy between technology and industry through the systematic coupling of the innovation chain with the industrial chain, capital chain, and talent chain, thereby generating a non-linear value-added effect. Relying on the optimal allocation of factors such as technology, capital, talent, and data, it promotes the whole-process innovation of R&D breakthroughs, achievement transformation, application promotion, and iterative upgrading, facilitating faster technological breakthroughs, multiplied industrial value, and optimized innovation ecology. This manifests as a multiple or exponential amplification of innovation value in the two-way empowerment of technological innovation and industrial innovation. Stimulating the multiplier effect of the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation can fundamentally open up the key channels for value transformation, facilitate the realization of the value of technological innovation, and transform scientific and technological achievements into tangible productive forces.

乘数效应，一般是指经济活动中某一变量的增减所引起的经济总量变化的连锁反应程度。具体到科技创新和产业创新深度融合，主要是指通过创新链与产业链、资金链、人才链的系统耦合，实现科技和产业的双向渗透与动态协同，并由此产生非线性增值效应。依托技术、资金、人才、数据等要素的优化配置，推动研发突破、成果转化、应用推广、迭代升级的全流程创新，促进技术突破加快、产业价值倍增、创新生态优化，表现为创新价值在科技创新和产业创新双向赋能中的倍数或指数级放大。激发科技创新和产业创新深度融合的乘数效应，能够从根本上打通价值转化的关键通道，促成科技创新的价值实现，把科技成果转化为实实在在的生产力。

An Important Measure to Enhance Endogenous Growth Momentum. China’s economy has shifted from a stage of high-speed growth to a stage of high-quality development. Relying on factor input and scale expansion to drive economic growth is no longer sustainable. There is an urgent need to break through traditional constraints with technological innovation and remove development bottlenecks with industrial innovation. Stimulating the multiplier effect of the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation can enable technological innovation achievements to precisely meet the actual needs of industries, provide solid technical support for industrial upgrading, develop and expand new quality productive forces, promote “efficiency gains from existing stock” in traditional industries through technological transformation, and create “capacity expansion from new increments” through technological breakthroughs that give rise to new industries and new business forms, injecting stronger and more sustainable endogenous momentum into economic growth.

增强内生增长动力的重要举措。我国经济已从高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段，依靠要素投入和规模扩张推动经济增长已难以为继，迫切需要以科技创新突破传统制约、以产业创新破除发展瓶颈。激发科技创新和产业创新深度融合的乘数效应，能够促使科技创新成果精准对接产业实际需求，为产业升级提供坚实技术支撑，发展壮大新质生产力，既推动传统产业通过技术改造实现“存量提效”，又通过技术突破催生新产业、新业态形成“增量扩容”，为经济增长注入更强劲、更可持续的内生动力。

An Inevitable Choice to Ensure the Self-Reliance and Controllability of the Industrial Chain. In some key areas, China still faces “bottleneck” problems [1]1 “Bottleneck” problems (卡脖子问题): A Chinese political and economic term referring to critical technologies or components that China cannot independently produce and must import from foreign countries, making its industries vulnerable to external supply disruptions or sanctions.. An important reason is the disconnect between technological innovation and industrial application. Many technological innovation achievements remain at the laboratory stage, lacking industrial reception and testing, and lagging significantly in technological iteration. At the same time, the actual needs of industrial development are difficult to meet, which restricts the quality improvement of the industrial chain. Long-term reliance on foreign technology also creates security risks for the industrial chain. Stimulating the multiplier effect of the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation can, through a collaborative model where enterprises lead R&D and scientific research focuses on industry, enable technological innovation to target key areas and weak links in the construction of a modern industrial system, and purposefully strengthen technological R&D efforts, providing scientific and technological support for ensuring the self-reliance, security, and controllability of important industrial and supply chains. Building a whole-chain autonomous system from scientific R&D to industrialization, and gradually creating an autonomous, reliable, safe, and controllable industrial development ecosystem, will fundamentally enhance the resilience and security level of the industrial and supply chains.

保障产业链自主可控的必然选择。在一些关键领域，我国仍面临“卡脖子”问题。一个重要原因，就在于科技创新和产业应用存在脱节。不少科技创新成果停留在实验室阶段，缺乏产业端的承接与检验，在技术迭代方面明显滞后。同时，产业发展的现实需求难以得到满足，这对产业链提质形成制约，长期依赖国外技术又会形成产业链安全隐患。激发科技创新和产业创新深度融合的乘数效应，能够通过企业主导研发、科研聚焦产业的协同模式，促使科技创新聚焦现代化产业体系建设的重点领域和薄弱环节，有针对性地加大技术研发力度，为确保重要产业链供应链自主安全可控提供科技支撑。构建从科技研发到产业化的全链条自主体系，逐步打造自主可靠、安全可控的产业发展生态，从根本上增强产业链供应链的韧性和安全水平。

A Realistic Path from “Low-End Manufacturing” to “High-End Leadership”. The multiplier effect generated by the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation is an important driving force for achieving advanced industrial foundations and modernized industrial chains, and can provide support for China’s transformation from a manufacturing giant to a manufacturing powerhouse. China has a complete industrial system, but some industries face the risk of being “locked in at the low end” of the global industrial chain. It is necessary to recognize that innovation is the primary driving force for development; whoever takes the lead in innovation will have the initiative to lead development. We must promote the transformation of industries from scale expansion to technology leadership and quality improvement. Stimulating the multiplier effect of the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation can effectively break through technical bottlenecks in key links of the industrial chain, promote industries to gradually break free from “low-end lock-in,” and achieve a transformation from dependence on external sources to self-reliance and controllability; it can accelerate the intelligent transformation and digital transformation of manufacturing by deeply promoting the integration of technologies such as artificial intelligence with the real economy, achieving a transformation from automation to intelligence; it can strengthen cross-field and cross-industry collaborative innovation, comprehensively enhancing the comprehensive competitiveness and risk resistance of the industrial system.

从“低端制造”迈向“高端引领”的现实路径。科技创新和产业创新深度融合所产生的乘数效应，是实现产业基础高级化、产业链现代化的重要动力，能够为我国从制造大国迈向制造强国提供支撑。我国拥有完备的产业体系，但部分产业在全球产业链中面临“低端锁定”的风险。需要认识到，创新是引领发展的第一动力，谁在创新上先行一步，谁就能拥有引领发展的主动权，必须推动产业实现从规模扩张向技术引领、质量提升的变革。激发科技创新和产业创新深度融合的乘数效应，能有力突破产业链关键环节技术瓶颈，推动产业逐步摆脱“低端锁定”，实现从依赖外部到自主可控的转变；能通过深入推进人工智能等技术与实体经济融合，加快制造业智能化改造和数字化转型，实现从自动化向智能化的转变；能强化跨领域、跨行业协同创新，全面提升产业体系的综合竞争力和抗风险能力。

Significant Achievements in Two-Way Empowerment of Technology and Industry

科技和产业双向赋能成效显著

After years of practice, the long-term accumulation of technological innovation has laid a solid foundation for industrial innovation, while the continuous advancement of industrial innovation has driven the iterative upgrading of technological innovation. The two-way empowerment of technological innovation and industrial innovation means that technological innovation is no longer an isolated activity, and industrial innovation transcends mere scale expansion towards quality improvement and capacity expansion.

经过多年实践，科技创新的长期积淀为产业创新筑牢根基，产业创新的持续推进又驱动科技创新迭代升级，科技创新和产业创新的双向赋能，使科技创新不再是孤立的活动，使产业创新超越单纯的规模扩张转向提质扩容。

From the perspective of innovation accumulation, China’s years of technological innovation accumulation have formed multi-dimensional advantages, powerfully promoting industrial development. First, R&D investment strengthens the supply of source technologies. In 2024, total societal R&D expenditure exceeded 3.6 trillion yuan, with R&D intensity reaching 2.68%, of which basic research funding increased by 10.5%. The “2024 China Patent Survey Report” released by the China National Intellectual Property Administration shows that among enterprise invention patents in strategic emerging industries and future industries, the proportions obtained through R&D are 89.7% and 90.8%, respectively. Second, improved efficiency in achievement transformation promotes value realization. In 2024, the industrialization rate of enterprise invention patents was 53.3%, with an average income per industrialized patent reaching 8.695 million yuan. Third, the synergy of all factors builds an innovation ecosystem. Relying on numerous national engineering research centers and national enterprise technology centers, combined with over 200 million skilled talents, and diversified funding links including fiscal funds, corporate financing, and social capital, China has formed an innovation ecosystem characterized by “platforms for R&D, funds for transformation, and talent for implementation.”

从创新积淀看，我国多年科技创新积累已形成多维度优势，有力推动产业发展。一是研发投入增强源头技术供给。2024年全社会研发投入超3.6万亿元，研发投入强度达到2.68%，其中基础研究经费增长10.5%。国家知识产权局发布的《2024年中国专利调查报告》显示，战略性新兴产业和未来产业领域的企业发明专利中，通过研发获取的比例分别为89.7%和90.8%。二是成果转化效能提升推动价值实现。2024年，企业发明专利产业化率为53.3%，平均每件专利产业化收益达869.5万元。三是全要素协同构建创新生态。依托众多国家工程研究中心、国家企业技术中心，结合超2亿技能人才，以及财政资金、企业融资、社会资本等多元化资金纽带，我国已形成“研发有平台、转化有资金、落地有人才”的创新生态。

From the perspective of industry feedback, through the traction of industrial demand, ecological optimization, and practical feedback, it clarifies the direction and optimizes the path for technological innovation. On the one hand, the actual demands in industrial transformation drive technological innovation to focus on key areas. The 2024 China Patent Survey Report shows that 86.6% of invention patents held by domestic enterprises were generated through R&D, and patents with R&D expenditures exceeding 1 million yuan accounted for 17.8%, highlighting the traction effect of industrial demand on foundational technological breakthroughs. On the other hand, the cross-entity collaborative industrial development ecology has effectively transformed the situation of "going it alone" in technological R&D. Taking the intelligent connected vehicle industry as an example, enterprises and research institutions have jointly built a "technology community," achieving innovative breakthroughs in multiple dimensions from intelligent driving and energy-saving technologies to vehicle architecture. This has not only promoted the upgrading and iteration of their own products but also injected strong momentum into the technological progress of the entire industry. Practical feedback from the industrial sector provides support for optimizing the path of transforming scientific and technological achievements. Furthermore, the economic returns generated by industrial innovation provide stable financial guarantees for technological innovation. In the first half of 2025, the added value of China's high-tech manufacturing industry above the designated size increased by 9.5% year-on-year, and the added value of the information transmission, software, and information technology services industry increased by 11.1% year-on-year. The improvement in industrial profitability can directly drive growth in R&D investment, forming a virtuous cycle of industrial profitability, increased R&D, technological leadership, and enhanced industrial quality and efficiency.

从产业反哺看，通过产业需求牵引、生态优化与实践反馈，为科技创新明确方向、优化路径。一方面，产业转型中的实际需求推动科技创新聚焦关键领域。《2024年中国专利调查报告》显示，国内企业发明专利中通过研发产生的比例为86.6%，研发经费支出在100万元以上的发明专利占比17.8%，凸显产业需求对底层技术攻坚的牵引作用。另一方面，跨主体协同的产业发展生态有力转变了技术研发“单打独斗”的局面。以智能网联汽车产业为例，企业与科研机构联合构建“技术共同体”，从智能驾驶、节能技术到整车架构等多维度实现了创新突破，不仅推动了自身产品的升级迭代，也为整个行业的技术进步注入强劲动力，产业领域的实践反馈为优化科技成果转化路径提供了支撑。此外，产业创新产生的经济收益为科技创新提供稳定资金保障。2025年上半年，我国规模以上高技术制造业增加值同比增长9.5%，信息传输、软件和信息技术服务业增加值同比增长11.1%。产业盈利水平的提升能直接带动研发投入增长，形成产业盈利、研发加码、技术领先、产业提质增效的良性循环。

Adding dynamism and vitality through institutional and mechanism innovation

以体制机制创新增添动力活力

Stimulating the multiplier effect of the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation is not a simple superposition of technology and industry, but rather requires replacing "isolated development" with "systematic coordination" and replacing "one-way support" with "two-way empowerment," running through the entire chain from basic research, applied research, technology development, and achievement transformation to industrialization, ultimately achieving a virtuous cycle of knowledge production and social wealth creation.

激发科技创新和产业创新深度融合的乘数效应，并非科技和产业的简单叠加，而是要以“系统协同”替代“孤立发展”、以“双向赋能”替代“单向支撑”，贯穿基础研究、应用研究、技术开发、成果转化至产业化的全链条，最终实现知识生产与社会财富创造的良性循环。

Unblock key nodes and smooth the flow of value. First, unblock the transformation channel from strong technology to strong industry, and actively promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Explore the establishment of an enterprise-led, market-oriented evaluation system for scientific and technological achievements, guide research activities to more closely align with industrial needs, strengthen the supply of technology transfer and transformation services, and support industrial chain enterprises and research institutions in building achievement transformation and sharing service platforms that integrate information sharing, resource mutual benefit, and service integration. Second, build a diversified investment and financing system for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Conduct guiding investments through technology transfer, cooperation, or equity participation, and encourage more financial resources to support technological innovation and achievement transformation. Leverage the advantages of China's super-large market to provide application feedback and commercialization scenarios for technological innovation. Third, enhance the synergy and linkage capabilities between regions and enterprises, build an innovation-driven development community, achieve efficient cooperation between technology and industry in the spatial dimension, and continuously promote the development of the industrial chain toward the high end.

打通关键节点，畅通价值流动。一是打通科技强到产业强的转化通道，积极推动科技成果转化。探索建立以企业为主导、市场为导向的科技成果评价体系，引导科研活动更紧密对接产业需求，加强技术转移转化服务供给，支持产业链企业、科研机构等打造集信息共享、资源互利、服务一体化的成果转化共享服务平台。二是构建多元化科技成果转化投融资体系。以技术转让、合作或入股方式进行引导性投资，鼓励更多金融资源支持科技创新和成果转化。发挥我国超大规模市场优势，为科技创新提供应用反馈和商业化场景。三是增强区域间、企业间的协同联动能力，打造创新发展共同体，实现科技和产业在空间维度上的高效合作，持续推动产业链向高端化发展。

Strengthen demand traction and connect the collaborative chain. It is necessary to use industrial demand to guide technological innovation activities and establish a normalized and institutionalized mechanism for collecting and publishing industrial technology needs. In the project initiation stage, fully consider the potential industrial value of technological innovation, promote industry participation in the entire process of determining technological innovation goals, formulating and demonstrating technology roadmaps, and transforming achievements, ensuring the strategic, forward-looking, and feasible nature of technological innovation activities. Improve the intellectual property protection and trading system, enhance technology intermediary services, and use platforms such as patent pools and technology exchanges to efficiently channel innovative achievements to enterprises. Cultivate technology intermediary service institutions to solve problems such as information asymmetry and technical adaptation difficulties between enterprises and research institutions. At the same time, it is necessary to achieve effective coordination of the capabilities of multiple entities, clarify the functions and responsibilities of each entity in technological innovation and industrial innovation, optimize the layout of national strategic scientific and technological forces, and promote long-term cooperation among industry, academia, research, and application entities.

加强需求牵引，贯通协同链条。要以产业需求牵引科技创新活动，建立常态化、制度化的产业技术需求征集和发布机制。在立项阶段充分考虑科技创新的潜在产业价值，推动产业参与技术创新目标确定、技术路线方案制定论证、成果转化等全流程，确保科技创新活动的战略性、前瞻性和落地可行性。健全知识产权保护与交易体系，完善科技中介服务，通过专利池、技术交易所等平台，使创新成果高效流向企业，培育科技中介服务机构，解决企业与科研机构之间信息不对称、技术适配难等问题。同时，还需实现多元主体能力的有效协同，厘清科技创新和产业创新各主体的功能、职责，优化国家战略科技力量布局，推动产学研用各主体长效合作。

Optimize the innovation ecology and improve system efficiency. It is necessary to consolidate the principal position of enterprises in innovation, and establish and improve the institutional mechanisms for enterprises to regularly participate in the formulation and implementation decisions of technological innovation strategies and industrial development plans. Promote major R&D tasks and common technical challenges to be more often proposed by the industrial sector, accelerate the cultivation and growth of leading enterprises, cultivate a large number of specialized and sophisticated "little giant" enterprises [2]2 "Specialized and sophisticated 'little giant' enterprises" (专精特新企业) refers to small and medium-sized enterprises that are specialized, refined, distinctive, and innovative, often occupying key niches in the industrial chain. that have dominance and influence in subdivided fields of the international division of labor, and support their growth into leaders and innovation sources in key links of the industrial chain. At the same time, optimize the coordination mechanism for scientific and technological innovation resources, strengthen support for research on major scientific issues and breakthroughs in common technologies, encourage and guide enterprises to further increase investment in basic R&D, strengthen the construction of integrated innovation carriers, and achieve gradient-coordinated allocation of innovation elements. In addition, improve the innovation institutional mechanism, conduct classified management according to the differences in innovation stages and objectives, continuously improve the science and technology evaluation and incentive mechanisms, and create an institutional environment and cultural atmosphere that encourages innovation and tolerates failure.

优化创新生态，提高系统效能。需夯实企业创新主体地位，建立健全企业常态化参与科技创新战略和产业发展规划的制定与执行决策的体制机制。推动重大研发任务和共性技术难题更多由产业界出题，加快培育壮大龙头企业，造就一大批在国际分工细分领域有主导权和影响力的专精特新企业，支持其成长为产业链关键环节的引领者和创新策源地。同时，优化科技创新资源协调机制，强化对重大科学问题研究和共性技术突破的支持，鼓励和引导企业进一步加大基础研发投入力度，强化融合创新载体建设，实现梯度协同的创新要素配置。此外，完善创新体制机制，根据创新阶段和目标的差异性，进行分类管理，不断完善科技评价与激励机制，打造鼓励创新、宽容失败的制度环境和文化氛围。

(The author is a Distinguished Research Fellow of the Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and President of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies)

（作者系广东省习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心特约研究员、广东外语外贸大学校长）

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