Promoting a Positive Interaction between High-Quality Development and High-Level Security

Coordinating development and security is a major strategic deployment made by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core in light of the new situation. It is necessary to comprehensively implement a holistic approach to national security, improve the systems and mechanisms for safeguarding national security, and achieve a positive interaction between high-quality development and high-level security.

统筹发展和安全是以习近平同志为核心的党中央立足新形势作出的重大战略部署。必须全面贯彻总体国家安全观，完善维护国家安全体制机制，实现高质量发展和高水平安全良性互动。

The logic of coordinating development and security follows scientific laws. Examining the relationship between development and security from the perspective of dialectical materialism, the two present a contradictory and unified form of contradiction. On the one hand, development is dynamic, signifying change, flux, and transformation, and contains competitiveness and risk; security is relatively static, signifying freedom from threats, dangers, and hazards, and requires stability and certainty; there is an inherent tension of conflict between the two. On the other hand, development and security are essentially interdependent: development is the fundamental guarantee of security; without sustained development, it is difficult to ensure the long-term stability and security of the country and the safety and well-being of the people; security is the basic prerequisite for development; without a stable security environment, development will be severely constrained or even interrupted. Consolidating security through development and seeking development within security is an inevitable choice that follows dialectical materialism. At the same time, the system, as a philosophical category that marks the holistic existence of things, emphasizes viewing things from a comprehensive, interconnected, and developmental perspective. It is necessary to adhere to a systemic perspective, properly handle major relationships such as those between the economy and society, the government and the market, efficiency and fairness, vitality and order, and development and security, and enhance the systemic, holistic, and coordinated nature of reform. From the perspective of a systemic view, development and security are a pair of interdependent and mutually reinforcing variable elements, and coordinating development and security is itself a process in which a system composed of the two interacting elements of "development" and "security" continuously pursues dynamic balance. Security capability is a component of national capability; only by safeguarding and strengthening security can a stable environment for development be provided; development is the top priority; only by promoting development and driving innovation can material guarantees for security be provided. Therefore, it is necessary to plan development and security from an overall perspective, adhere to overall consideration and coordinated advancement, achieve a positive interaction between high-quality development and high-level security, and form an organic and unified whole.

统筹发展和安全的逻辑遵循科学规律。从唯物辩证法出发检视发展和安全的关系，二者呈现对立统一的矛盾形态。一方面，发展是运动的，意味着变化、变动、变革，内含竞争性、风险性；安全是相对静止的，意味着免于威胁、危险、危害，要求稳定性、确定性，二者存在内在冲突张力。另一方面，发展和安全在本质上是相互依存的，发展是安全的根本保障，没有持续的发展，就难以保障国家的长治久安和人民的安全福祉；安全是发展的基本前提，没有稳定的安全环境，发展就会受到严重制约甚至中断。在发展中固安全、在安全中谋发展是遵循唯物辩证法的必然选择。同时，系统作为标志事物整体性存在的哲学范畴，强调以全面、联系、发展的观点看待事物。要坚持系统观念，处理好经济和社会、政府和市场、效率和公平、活力和秩序、发展和安全等重大关系，增强改革系统性、整体性、协同性。系统观念视角下发展和安全是一对相互依存、相互促进的变量要素，而统筹发展和安全本身就是由“发展”“安全”双要素相互作用而组成的系统不断追求动态平衡的过程。安全能力是国家能力的组成部分，只有维护安全、强化安全，才能够为发展提供稳定环境；发展是第一要务，只有推动发展、驱动创新，才能为安全提供物质保障。因此，必须从整体出发谋划发展和安全，坚持统筹兼顾、协调推进，实现高质量发展和高水平安全良性互动，形成有机统一的整体。

The policy of coordinating development and security provides effective supply. Adhere to coordinating development and security, effectively prevent and defuse various risks, and secure a new pattern of development with a new pattern of security. Development brings economic prosperity, technological progress, and improvements in people's living standards, but it may also cause security risks such as environmental damage, resource depletion, and social injustice; while maintaining a security environment and order may also affect social innovation and constrain the speed and quality of development. Thus, although development and security each stand on their own, they sometimes contradict each other. In response to this, it is necessary to promote the benign coupling of development elements and security elements in the operation of the economy and society: policy designs that promote development should include security considerations and follow security laws, and policy designs that guarantee security should support development space and accommodate development elements. Currently, the state is actively strengthening the concept and action of "intrinsic safety" in security governance, taking it as an effective measure to coordinate development and security. Intrinsic safety is a preventive, original form of safety, emphasizing the elimination of security risks at the source, without affecting development and even supporting development requirements. In recent years, the State Council and the Ministry of Emergency Management have successively issued multiple documents on safety production in the chemical industry, such as the "14th Five-Year Plan for Safety Production in Hazardous Chemicals," the "Pilot Construction Plan for 'Industrial Internet + Hazardous Chemical Safety Production'," and the "Guidelines for Safety Risk Prevention and Control in Hazardous Chemical Production Construction Projects (Trial)." In these policy documents, relevant requirements for improving the level of intrinsic safety have been put forward, including "paying more attention to building a safety governance system and more attention to improving intrinsic safety," "improving the level of intrinsic safety and safety supervision in the hazardous chemicals field," and "strengthening intrinsic safety design, actively adopting advanced safety technologies and risk management methods at home and abroad, following the principles of reduction, substitution, mitigation, and simplification, and striving to improve the level of intrinsic safety." Especially in the "14th Five-Year Plan for Safety Production in Hazardous Chemicals" issued by the Ministry of Emergency Management in 2022, it is clearly proposed to build an intrinsic safety development system and design a series of measures from multiple dimensions such as management and technology. Therefore, from the perspective of institutional design, China is gradually building a policy supply system that coordinates development and security.

统筹发展和安全的政策形成有效供给。坚持统筹发展和安全，有效防范化解各类风险，以新安全格局保障新发展格局。发展带来经济繁荣、科技进步和人民生活水平的提升，却可能造成环境破坏、资源枯竭和社会不公等安全隐患；而对安全环境和秩序的维系也可能影响社会创新，制约发展速度和质量。可见，发展与安全虽然各自成立，但有时却相互矛盾。对此，要促成经济社会运行中发展要素与安全要素的良性耦合，推动发展的政策设计包含安全考量、遵循安全规律，保障安全的政策设计支持发展空间、容纳发展要素。当前，国家在安全治理中积极强化“本质安全”理念和行动，将其作为统筹发展和安全的有效举措。本质安全是预防式的、原生性的安全，强调从源头消解安全风险，不影响发展乃至支持发展要求。近年来，国务院、应急管理部等就化工行业安全生产连续出台多个文件，如《“十四五”危险化学品安全生产规划方案》《“工业互联网+危化安全生产”试点建设方案》《危险化学品生产建设项目安全风险防控指南（试行）》等。在上述政策文件中，提出了提升本质安全水平的相关要求，包括“更加注重构建安全治理体系，更加注重提升本质安全”“提升危险化学品领域本质安全及安全监管水平”“强化本质安全设计，积极采用国内外先进的安全技术和风险管理方法，遵循减量、替代、缓和、简化的原则，努力提高本质安全水平”等。尤其在应急管理部于2022年出台的《“十四五”危险化学品安全生产规划方案》中，明确提出构建本质安全发展体系，从管理、技术等多维度进行系列举措设计。因此，从制度设计方面看，我国正在逐步构建统筹发展和安全的政策供给体系。

Vivid practice of coordinating development and security. Security is the prerequisite for development, and development is the guarantee of security. It is necessary to enhance awareness of potential dangers, adhere to bottom-line thinking, resolutely prevent and defuse risks, and ensure high-quality development with high-level security. Currently, local governments are carrying out concrete practices of coordinating development and security, especially in the field of safety production governance. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that it is necessary to strengthen safety production governance in key areas such as transportation, fire protection, and hazardous chemicals, and curb the occurrence of major and extraordinarily serious accidents. In recent years, Jiangsu Province has actively coordinated development and security, firmly held the bottom line of safety, highlighted the concept of intrinsic safety, achieved remarkable results in the supervision of key areas such as chemicals, construction, mining, and road transportation, and promoted a double decline in the number of accidents and accident deaths. The Jiangsu Provincial Department of Emergency Management issued the "Guiding Opinions on Improving the Intrinsic Safety Level of Hazardous Chemical Enterprises," carried out special actions to deepen the diagnosis and governance of intrinsic safety in key chemical (hazardous chemical) enterprises, and continuously improved the intrinsic safety level of hazardous chemical enterprises in the province. The Jiangsu Provincial Department of Emergency Management and Nanjing Tech University jointly established the Jiangsu Provincial Chemical Intrinsic Safety Research Institute to carry out research on intrinsic safety process technology based on the principle of mitigation/substitution and intrinsic safety process intensification technology based on new equipment. In 2019, the Gansu Provincial Department of Water Resources issued the "Plan for Building an Intrinsic Safety System for Water Conservancy Enterprises," the Gansu Provincial Department of Emergency Management held a provincial training meeting on building an intrinsic safety system for mining enterprises in 2019, and in 2020, the Gansu Provincial Department of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued the "Implementation Opinions on Strengthening the Construction of an Intrinsic Safety System for Housing, Municipal Engineering, and Construction Enterprises in the Province," promoting the coverage of intrinsic safety requirements and measures in fields such as water conservancy, mining, and building construction. In 2024, the Jiangxi Provincial Party Committee and Provincial Government issued a "1+7" policy document system for consolidating foundations and strengthening foundations to improve the level of intrinsic safety, making detailed provisions on the implementation of responsibilities in key links and risk prevention and control in key areas; the Jilin Provincial Department of Emergency Management, the Provincial Public Security Department, and other departments jointly formulated the "Opinions on Promoting the Implementation of the Registered Safety Engineer and Registered Fire Engineer System to Enhance the Business Capabilities of Supervisory Personnel and the Level of Social Intrinsic Safety," improving regulatory efficiency and social safety levels. In summary, local governments have been diligently striving to improve intrinsic safety, forming rich explorations and vivid practices in coordinating development and security.

统筹发展和安全的生动实践。安全是发展的前提，发展是安全的保障。要增强忧患意识，坚持底线思维，坚决防范化解风险，以高水平安全保障高质量发展。当前，地方政府纷纷开展统筹发展和安全的具体实践，特别是在安全生产治理领域。习近平总书记指出，要加强交通运输、消防、危险化学品等重点领域安全生产治理，遏制重特大事故的发生。近年来，江苏省积极统筹发展和安全，牢牢守住安全底线，凸显本质安全理念，对化工、建筑、采矿、道路运输等重点领域监管成效显著，推动事故起数与事故死亡人数双下降。江苏省应急管理厅出台《关于提升危险化学品企业本质安全水平的指导意见》，开展深化重点化工（危险化学品）企业本质安全诊断治理专项行动，持续提升全省危险化学品企业本质安全水平。江苏省应急管理厅与南京工业大学共建江苏省化工本质安全研究院，开展基于缓和/替代原则的本质安全工艺技术、基于新型装备的本质安全过程强化技术研发。甘肃省水利厅于2019年出台《水利企业本质安全体系建设方案》，甘肃省应急管理厅于2019年召开全省矿山企业本质安全体系建设培训会，甘肃省住房和城乡建设厅于2020年出台《加强全省房屋市政工程施工企业本质安全体系建设的实施意见》，推动本质安全要求和举措覆盖水利、矿山和建筑施工等领域。2024年，江西省委、省政府印发了固本强基提升本质安全水平“1+7”政策文件体系，围绕关键环节责任落实、重点领域风险防控等进行详细规定；吉林省应急管理厅、公安厅等多部门联合制定《关于推动实施注册安全工程师和注册消防工程师制度 提升监管人员业务能力和社会本质安全水平的意见》，提升监管效能与社会安全水平。综上所述，各地政府在提升本质安全方面孜孜以求，形成了对统筹发展和安全的丰富探索与生动实践。

(The authors are a professor at the Institute of Emergency Governance and Policy, Nanjing Tech University; and an associate professor at the School of Law and Political Science, Nanjing Tech University.)

（作者系南京工业大学应急治理与政策研究院教授；南京工业大学法政学院副教授）

Online editor: Huihui

网络编辑：慧慧