Scientific Planning to Open Up New Prospects for Chinese-Path Modernization

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Scientifically formulating and successively implementing five-year plans is an important experience of our Party in governing the country, and also an important political advantage of socialism with Chinese characteristics.” The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China [1]1 The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC, held in October 2025, focused on formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026–2030) for national economic and social development. reviewed and adopted the “Proposal of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development” (hereinafter referred to as the “Proposal”), which clarifies the overall thinking, important principles, main objectives, strategic tasks, and major measures for economic and social development during the “15th Five-Year Plan” period. It centrally answers major questions such as what kind of development to achieve and how to achieve it on the new journey of comprehensively building a modern socialist country. It is a programmatic document guiding economic and social development during the “15th Five-Year Plan” period, fully reflecting the historical initiative of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core to unite and lead the entire Party and people of all ethnic groups in the country to continue writing new chapters of the two miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability, and to strive to open up new prospects for Chinese-path modernization. We must thoroughly implement the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee, overcome difficulties, confront risks, and meet challenges with a spirit of historical initiative, concentrate our efforts on handling our own affairs well, seize the momentum to advance and successively promote Chinese-path modernization, turn the development blueprint drawn up by the “Proposal” into a beautiful reality, ensure decisive progress in basically realizing socialist modernization, and strive to open up new prospects for Chinese-path modernization.

习近平总书记指出：“科学制定和接续实施五年规划，是我们党治国理政一条重要经验，也是中国特色社会主义一个重要政治优势。”党的二十届四中全会审议通过了《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》（以下简称《建议》），明确了“十五五”时期经济社会发展的总体思路、重要原则、主要目标、战略任务和重大举措，集中回答了全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程上实现什么样的发展、如何实现发展等重大问题，是指导“十五五”时期经济社会发展的纲领性文件，充分体现了以习近平同志为核心的党中央团结带领全党全国各族人民续写经济快速发展和社会长期稳定两大奇迹新篇章、奋力开创中国式现代化建设新局面的历史主动。我们要深入贯彻落实党的二十届四中全会精神，以历史主动精神克难关、战风险、迎挑战，集中力量办好自己的事，乘势而上、接续推进中国式现代化建设，把《建议》擘画的发展蓝图变为美好现实，确保基本实现社会主义现代化取得决定性进展，奋力开创中国式现代化建设新局面。

The “15th Five-Year Plan” period holds an important position of linking the past and the future in the process of basically realizing socialist modernization

“十五五”时期在基本实现社会主义现代化进程中具有承前启后的重要地位

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Chinese-path modernization is workable and stable; it is the only correct path for building a strong country and achieving national rejuvenation.” The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee proposed that the “15th Five-Year Plan” period “holds an important position of linking the past and the future in the process of basically realizing socialist modernization.” The “15th Five-Year Plan” period carries forward the sustained development of our country since reform and opening up, especially the in-depth implementation of the “14th Five-Year Plan,” and leads to the goal of basically realizing socialist modernization by 2035. It is an important leg in the journey of unswervingly following the path of Chinese-path modernization and basically realizing socialist modernization.

习近平总书记指出：“中国式现代化走得通、行得稳，是强国建设、民族复兴的唯一正确道路。”党的二十届四中全会提出，“十五五”时期“在基本实现社会主义现代化进程中具有承前启后的重要地位”。“十五五”时期上承改革开放以来我国持续发展特别是“十四五”规划的深入实施，下启2035年基本实现社会主义现代化目标，是坚定不移走中国式现代化道路、基本实现社会主义现代化进程中的重要一程。

From the perspective of the historical process, the “15th Five-Year Plan” period is an important stage for successively advancing Chinese-path modernization. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Chinese-path modernization is the answer we have given to the major historical question of how to awaken the ‘sleeping lion’ and achieve national rejuvenation; it is about choosing our own path and doing our own things.” Historical development is the unity of continuity and stages. After the founding of our Party, it united and led the people of all ethnic groups in arduous exploration and successive struggle, successfully opening up the path of Chinese-path modernization, creating the two miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability, fundamentally solving the development problems that had plagued China since modern times, and gradually turning the modernization ideals that countless sages had dreamed of into reality on Chinese soil. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC [2]2 The 18th National Congress of the CPC, held in November 2012, marked the beginning of the New Era under Xi Jinping’s leadership., our Party has united and led the people to complete the historical tasks of poverty alleviation and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, achieve the first centenary goal, and embark on a new journey of comprehensively building a modern socialist country and marching toward the second centenary goal. The 20th National Congress of the CPC clarified the “two-step” strategic arrangement for comprehensively building a great modern socialist country. Basically realizing socialist modernization by 2035 is the first step, which requires unremitting efforts and successive struggle over three five-year plan periods from the “14th Five-Year Plan” to the “16th Five-Year Plan.” The “15th Five-Year Plan” period carries forward the long-cherished wishes of the Chinese people for national prosperity, national rejuvenation, and people’s happiness, especially the new solid steps taken in Chinese-path modernization during the “14th Five-Year Plan” period, and leads to achieving major breakthroughs in strategic tasks related to the overall situation of Chinese-path modernization, continuing to write new chapters of the two miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability, and winning strategic initiative in fierce international competition. Only by firmly grasping this time window, strengthening historical confidence, and enhancing historical initiative can we continuously open up brighter prospects for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

从历史进程看，“十五五”时期是接续推进中国式现代化的重要阶段。习近平总书记指出：“中国式现代化，是我们为如何唤醒‘睡狮’、实现民族复兴这个重大历史课题所给出的答案，是选择自己的道路、做自己的事情。”历史发展是连续性和阶段性的统一。我们党成立后，团结带领全国各族人民艰苦探索、接续奋斗，成功开辟出中国式现代化道路，创造了经济快速发展和社会长期稳定两大奇迹，从根本上破解了困扰中国近代以来的发展难题，让无数先贤为之魂牵梦萦的现代化理想在中华大地上逐渐成为现实。党的十八大以来，我们党团结带领全国人民完成脱贫攻坚、全面建成小康社会的历史任务，实现第一个百年奋斗目标，开启了全面建设社会主义现代化国家、向第二个百年奋斗目标进军的新征程。党的二十大明确了全面建成社会主义现代化强国“两步走”的战略安排，到2035年基本实现社会主义现代化是第一步，需要从“十四五”到“十六五”三个五年规划期的不懈努力、接续奋斗。“十五五”时期上承中国人民谋求国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福的夙愿特别是“十四五”时期中国式现代化迈出新的坚实步伐，下启推动事关中国式现代化全局的战略任务取得重大突破、续写经济快速发展和社会长期稳定两大奇迹新篇章、在激烈国际竞争中赢得战略主动。牢牢抓住这个时间窗口，坚定历史自信、增强历史主动，才能不断开辟中华民族伟大复兴更加光明的前景。

From the perspective of the requirements of the times, the “15th Five-Year Plan” period is a critical period for consolidating the foundation and making comprehensive efforts to basically realize socialist modernization. General Secretary Xi Jinping profoundly pointed out: “Building a modern socialist country is the consistent goal of our Party, advanced relay by relay from generation to generation, continuously achieving remarkable and history-making brilliant achievements.” After the founding of New China, our Party took the five-year plan as an important lever to promote the “four modernizations” [3]3 The “four modernizations” (agriculture, industry, national defense, science and technology) were a policy goal first proposed by Zhou Enlai in 1964 and revived after the Cultural Revolution., uniting and leading the people to gradually establish an independent and relatively complete industrial system and national economic system. After reform and opening up, our Party creatively proposed and established a socialist market economy system, achieving a historic breakthrough from a state of relatively backward productive forces to becoming the world’s second-largest economy. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, our Party has united and led the people to be confident, self-reliant, uphold integrity, and innovate, successfully advancing and expanding Chinese-path modernization. Especially during the “14th Five-Year Plan” period, facing a complex and severe international situation and arduous and heavy tasks of domestic reform, development, and stability, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core united and led the entire Party and people of all ethnic groups in the country to face difficulties head-on and forge ahead, bringing China’s economic strength, technological strength, and comprehensive national strength to new heights. The “15th Five-Year Plan” period carries forward the great achievements and solid foundation of modernization construction since the founding of New China, especially the good start of the new journey toward the second centenary goal, and leads to decisive progress in basically realizing socialist modernization by 2035. One important indicator of this is that per capita gross domestic product reaches the level of moderately developed countries. This requires that economic and social development during the “15th Five-Year Plan” period maintain an appropriate pace, and promote all aspects of socialist modernization to advance in tandem, striding forward toward the historical aspiration of comprehensively building a great modern socialist country. Only by firmly grasping this critical period, consolidating and expanding advantages, breaking through bottlenecks and constraints, and strengthening weak links and shortcomings can we write a new chapter in comprehensively building a modern socialist country.

从时代要求看，“十五五”时期是基本实现社会主义现代化夯实基础、全面发力的关键时期。习近平总书记深刻指出：“建设社会主义现代化国家是我们党一以贯之的奋斗目标，一代一代地接力推进，并不断取得举世瞩目、彪炳史册的辉煌业绩。”新中国成立后，我们党把五年计划作为推进“四个现代化”的重要抓手，团结带领人民逐步建立起独立的比较完整的工业体系和国民经济体系。改革开放以后，我们党创造性提出并建立社会主义市场经济体制，实现了从生产力相对落后的状况到经济总量跃居世界第二的历史性突破。党的十八大以来，我们党团结带领人民自信自强、守正创新，成功推进和拓展了中国式现代化。特别是“十四五”时期，面对错综复杂的国际形势和艰巨繁重的国内改革发展稳定任务，以习近平同志为核心的党中央团结带领全党全国各族人民，迎难而上、砥砺前行，我国经济实力、科技实力、综合国力跃上新台阶。“十五五”时期上承新中国成立以来现代化建设取得的伟大成就和坚实基础特别是第二个百年奋斗目标新征程实现良好开局，下启到2035年基本实现社会主义现代化取得决定性进展，其中一个重要标志性指标就是人均国内生产总值达到中等发达国家水平。这要求“十五五”时期经济社会发展保持适当速度，并推动社会主义现代化建设各方面齐头并进，向着全面建成社会主义现代化强国的历史宏愿大踏步前进。紧紧抓住这个关键时期，巩固拓展优势、破除瓶颈制约、补强短板弱项，才能谱写全面建设社会主义现代化国家崭新篇章。

From the perspective of value pursuit, the “15th Five-Year Plan” period is a critical window for achieving more notable substantive progress in promoting common prosperity for all the people. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: “The people are the main body of Chinese-path modernization; we must firmly rely on the people, respect their creative spirit, and pool the wisdom and strength of all the people to continuously advance Chinese-path modernization.” Over the past century and more, our Party has led the people through bloody struggles and unyielding efforts, completing the historical tasks of national independence and the liberation of the people, and has taken the realization of the people’s aspiration for a better life as the starting point and ultimate goal of modernization, leading all the people to continue striving tenaciously and unremittingly for national prosperity and the people’s well-being. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has grasped the new changes in the development stage, placed the gradual realization of common prosperity for all the people in a more important position, adopted forceful measures to safeguard and improve people’s livelihoods, and completed the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Especially during the “14th Five-Year Plan” period, our Party has consistently adhered to the people-centered development philosophy, continuously exerting efforts in ensuring childcare, education, employment, medical care, elderly care, housing, and support for the vulnerable, effectively solving the pressing and difficult problems of the people. The participation rates for basic old-age insurance and basic medical insurance have remained stable at over 95%, with the social safety net further strengthened and secured; the number of new urban jobs has been maintained at over 12 million annually, keeping the employment base stable; public services such as education, culture, and health have been vigorously developed, with both the quality of the population and health levels improving, and more high-quality cultural resources entering ordinary households. The fruits of development have been shared more and more fairly among all the people, and the people’s sense of gain, happiness, and security has been continuously enhanced, creating favorable conditions for promoting common prosperity. Entering the “15th Five-Year Plan” period, solidly advancing common prosperity for all the people has embarked on a new critical journey; it connects upward with China’s historic elimination of absolute poverty and the completion of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and connects downward with the visionary goal of achieving more notable substantive progress in common prosperity for all the people by 2035, driving the Chinese people to march toward the grand goal of realizing common prosperity with more determined steps. We must seize this time window, further stimulate the master-of-the-house spirit of all the people, gather the mighty force of hundreds of millions of people united in struggle, and jointly paint a harmonious and beautiful picture of realizing national prosperity and the people’s well-being.

从价值追求看，“十五五”时期是推动全体人民共同富裕取得更为明显的实质性进展的关键窗口期。习近平总书记强调：“人民是中国式现代化的主体，必须紧紧依靠人民，尊重人民创造精神，汇集全体人民的智慧和力量，才能推动中国式现代化不断向前发展。”百余年来，我们党领导人民浴血奋战、百折不挠，完成了民族独立、人民解放的历史任务，并把实现人民对美好生活的向往作为现代化建设的出发点和落脚点，领导全体人民继续为实现国家富强、人民幸福而顽强拼搏、不懈奋斗。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央把握发展阶段新变化，把逐步实现全体人民共同富裕摆在更加重要的位置上，采取有力措施保障和改善民生，全面建成小康社会。特别是“十四五”时期，我们党始终坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，在幼有所育、学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居、弱有所扶上持续用力，切实解决人民群众急难愁盼问题。基本养老保险、基本医疗保险参保率稳定在95%以上，社会保障网进一步织密兜牢；每年城镇新增就业人数保持在1200万人以上，就业基本盘保持稳定；教育、文化、卫生等公共服务大力发展，国民素质与健康水平双提升，更多优质文化资源走进寻常百姓家。发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民，人民群众获得感、幸福感、安全感不断增强，为促进共同富裕创造了良好条件。迈入“十五五”时期，扎实推进全体人民共同富裕踏上了新的关键一程，它上承我国已经历史性消除绝对贫困问题和全面建成小康社会，下启到2035年全体人民共同富裕取得更为明显的实质性进展的愿景目标，推动中国人民以更加坚定的步伐朝着实现共同富裕的宏伟目标迈进。我们要抓牢这个时间窗口，进一步激发全体人民的主人翁精神，凝聚起亿万人民团结奋斗的磅礴力量，共同绘就实现国家富强、人民幸福的和美画卷。

Scientifically planning the development blueprint for the “15th Five-Year Plan” period is another general mobilization and general deployment for continuing to advance Chinese-path modernization.

科学谋划“十五五”时期发展蓝图是接续推进中国式现代化建设的又一次总动员、总部署

The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC [4]4 The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC, held in July 2025, focused on studying and implementing Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and examined and approved the Proposal for Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development. pointed out that realizing socialist modernization is a historical process of stepwise progression and continuous development and progress, requiring unremitting efforts and sustained struggle. The plenary session’s scientific planning for economic and social development during the “15th Five-Year Plan” period is another general mobilization and general deployment for seizing the momentum and continuing to advance Chinese-path modernization, providing a clear direction and fundamental guidance for China’s economic and social development over the next five years and beyond.

党的二十届四中全会提出，实现社会主义现代化是一个阶梯式递进、不断发展进步的历史过程，需要不懈努力、接续奋斗。全会对“十五五”时期经济社会发展作出科学擘画，是乘势而上、接续推进中国式现代化建设的又一次总动员、总部署，为未来五年乃至更长时期我国经济社会发展指明了前进方向、提供了根本遵循。

Anchoring the historical orientation of China’s development, drawing a grand blueprint for China’s development over the next five years. Accurately judging the historical orientation and development stage in which the cause of the Party and the state is situated is the basic prerequisite for our Party to establish phased central tasks and the fundamental basis for planning various lines, principles, and policies. On the basis of the 20th National Congress of the CPC’s strategic arrangement of a “two-step” approach [5]5 The “two-step” strategic arrangement from the 20th National Congress of the CPC: basically realize socialist modernization from 2020 through 2035, and build China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful from 2035 through the middle of this century. for comprehensively building a great modern socialist country, the Proposal of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC anchors the historical orientation of the “15th Five-Year Plan” period in comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization, clearly stating that “the ‘15th Five-Year Plan’ period is a critical period for consolidating the foundation and making comprehensive efforts to basically realize socialist modernization,” and specifying the main objectives for economic and social development during the “15th Five-Year Plan” period: achieving notable results in high-quality development, significantly raising the level of scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening, making new breakthroughs in further comprehensively deepening reform, noticeably enhancing the level of social civility, continuously improving the quality of people’s lives, achieving new major progress in building a Beautiful China, and further consolidating the national security barrier. This series of objectives and tasks draws a clear roadmap for China’s development over the next five years, reflecting both the consistency and integrity of our Party’s strategic goals in socialist modernization and conforming to the phased and epochal nature of practical development. In the upcoming “15th Five-Year Plan” period, continuing to advance Chinese-path modernization requires accurately grasping the historical orientation in which the cause of the Party and the state is situated, achieving timely and situation-appropriate action, grasping the key points to drive the whole, and acting with a clear target.

锚定我国发展的历史方位，为未来五年中国发展绘制宏伟蓝图。准确判断党和国家事业所处的历史方位和发展阶段，是我们党确立阶段性中心任务的基本前提，也是谋划各项路线方针政策的根本依据。在党的二十大对全面建成社会主义现代化强国作出“两步走”的战略安排基础上，党的二十届四中全会《建议》锚定“十五五”时期在以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业中的历史方位，鲜明提出“‘十五五’时期是基本实现社会主义现代化夯实基础、全面发力的关键时期”，明确“十五五”时期经济社会发展的主要目标，即高质量发展取得显著成效、科技自立自强水平大幅提高、进一步全面深化改革取得新突破、社会文明程度明显提升、人民生活品质不断提高、美丽中国建设取得新的重大进展、国家安全屏障更加巩固。这一系列目标任务，为未来五年中国发展绘制了清晰的路线图，既体现我们党在社会主义现代化建设战略目标上的一贯性和整体性，又符合实践发展的阶段性和时代性。即将开启的“十五五”时期，接续推进中国式现代化建设必须准确把握党和国家事业发展所处的历史方位，做到因时因势、纲举目张、有的放矢。

Focusing on the key areas and major tasks of socialist modernization, making systematic arrangements for China’s development over the next five years. Goals guide the direction of development. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC, with an eye on the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation, centered on the goal of basically realizing socialist modernization, mainly targeted key issues of overall and long-term significance, and deployed strategic tasks and major measures for the “15th Five-Year Plan” period by area: building a modern industrial system, consolidating and strengthening the foundation of the real economy; accelerating high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening, leading the development of new quality productive forces; building a strong domestic market, accelerating the formation of a new development pattern; accelerating the construction of a high-level socialist market economy system, enhancing the momentum of high-quality development; expanding high-level opening up, creating a new situation of win-win cooperation; accelerating agricultural and rural modernization, solidly advancing comprehensive rural revitalization; optimizing the layout of regional economies, promoting coordinated regional development; stimulating the cultural innovation and creativity of the entire nation, flourishing and developing socialist culture; increasing efforts to safeguard and improve people’s livelihoods, solidly advancing common prosperity for all the people; accelerating the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, building a Beautiful China; advancing the modernization of the national security system and capacity, building a higher-level Peaceful China; achieving the centenary goal of the People’s Liberation Army by 2027 on schedule, and promoting the modernization of national defense and the armed forces with high quality. This series of strategic deployments accurately grasps the phased requirements of the “15th Five-Year Plan” period, encompassing the strategic priorities for advancing and expanding Chinese-path modernization as a whole. In the upcoming “15th Five-Year Plan” period, continuing to advance Chinese-path modernization must focus on key work in key areas, transforming the strategic deployments for economic and social development into a powerful force for advancing Chinese-path modernization.

聚焦社会主义现代化建设的关键领域和重点任务，为未来五年中国发展作出系统部署。目标引领发展的方向。党的二十届四中全会着眼强国建设、民族复兴伟业，围绕基本实现社会主义现代化目标，主要瞄准关系全局和长远的重点问题，分领域部署“十五五”时期的战略任务和重大举措，即建设现代化产业体系，巩固壮大实体经济根基；加快高水平科技自立自强，引领发展新质生产力；建设强大国内市场，加快构建新发展格局；加快构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制，增强高质量发展动力；扩大高水平对外开放，开创合作共赢新局面；加快农业农村现代化，扎实推进乡村全面振兴；优化区域经济布局，促进区域协调发展；激发全民族文化创新创造活力，繁荣发展社会主义文化；加大保障和改善民生力度，扎实推进全体人民共同富裕；加快经济社会发展全面绿色转型，建设美丽中国；推进国家安全体系和能力现代化，建设更高水平平安中国；如期实现建军一百年奋斗目标，高质量推进国防和军队现代化。这一系列战略部署准确把握“十五五”时期的阶段性要求，从总体上囊括了推进和拓展中国式现代化的战略重点。即将开启的“十五五”时期，接续推进中国式现代化建设必须聚焦重点领域的重点工作，把对经济社会发展的战略部署转化为推进中国式现代化的强大力量。

Gathering the ideological consensus and mighty force of united struggle, injecting strong confidence and robust momentum into China’s development over the next five years. The compilation of the five-year plan is a process of promoting democracy, pooling collective wisdom, and making scientific decisions, as well as a process of unifying thinking, building consensus, and strengthening confidence. During the compilation of the “15th Five-Year Plan,” General Secretary Xi Jinping personally served as the head of the document drafting group, providing overall guidance and setting the direction throughout, playing a decisive role. At the same time, the drafting group adhered to the unity of top-level design and seeking advice from the people, gathering opinions widely through multiple channels. In April this year, General Secretary Xi Jinping presided over a symposium on economic and social development during the “15th Five-Year Plan” period for some provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities, listening to opinions and suggestions from leading cadres of these regions, and subsequently issued several important instructions on the compilation of the “15th Five-Year Plan,” providing important guidance for scientifically planning the development blueprint for the “15th Five-Year Plan” period. From May to June, an online opinion solicitation activity for the compilation of the “15th Five-Year Plan” was carried out, cumulatively receiving over 3 million pieces of effective advice from the public, providing useful references for the compilation of the “15th Five-Year Plan.” This process pooled the wisdom of the entire Party and people of all ethnic groups across the country, achieving resonance between “what the Party and government want to do” and “what the people hope for in their hearts.” In the upcoming “15th Five-Year Plan” period, continuing to advance Chinese-path modernization must gather the consensus and strength of united struggle, continuously pushing forward the grand cause of Chinese-path modernization.

凝聚团结奋斗的思想共识和磅礴伟力，为未来五年中国发展注入强大信心和强劲动能。编制五年规划是发扬民主、汇聚众智、科学决策的过程，也是统一思想、凝聚共识、坚定信心的过程。在“十五五”规划编制过程中，习近平总书记亲自担任文件起草组组长，全程指导、把脉定向，发挥了决定性作用。与此同时，起草组坚持顶层设计与问计于民相统一，以多元渠道广纳群言。今年4月，习近平总书记主持召开部分省区市“十五五”时期经济社会发展座谈会，听取多个省区市主要负责同志的意见建议，此后还多次对“十五五”规划编制工作作出重要指示，为科学谋划“十五五”时期发展蓝图提供重要遵循。5月至6月，“十五五”规划编制工作开展网络征求意见活动，累计收到群众有效建言超过300万条，为“十五五”规划编制提供有益参考。这一过程汇集了全党全国各族人民的智慧，实现了“党和政府要干的”与“老百姓心里所盼的”同频共振。即将开启的“十五五”时期，接续推进中国式现代化建设必须凝聚团结奋斗的共识和力量，不断把中国式现代化建设宏伟事业推向前进。

Firmly grasping the major principles, ensuring decisive progress in basically realizing socialist modernization.

牢牢把握重大原则，确保基本实现社会主义现代化取得决定性进展

The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC clarified the important principle of "six adherences" that must be followed in economic and social development during the 15th Five-Year Plan period. Standing at a new historical juncture, we must firmly grasp these important principles, implement all decisions, deployments, and work requirements determined by the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee, promote sustained and healthy economic and social development, and continue to write new chapters in the two miracles of rapid economic growth and long-term social stability.

党的二十届四中全会明确了“十五五”时期经济社会发展必须遵循的“六个坚持”的重要原则。站在新的历史方位上，我们要牢牢把握这些重要原则，把党的二十届四中全会确定的各项决策部署和工作要求落到实处，推动经济社会持续健康发展，续写经济快速发展和社会长期稳定两大奇迹新篇章。

Adhere to the overall leadership of the Party, and give full play to the Party's core leadership role in exercising overall leadership and coordinating all parties. Adhering to and strengthening the overall leadership of the Party is the key to China's creation of the two miracles of rapid economic growth and long-term social stability, and is the "stabilizing anchor" for overcoming all difficulties and risks. To promote economic and social development during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, we must adhere to and strengthen the overall leadership of the Party, integrate Party leadership throughout the entire process of economic and social development, and ensure the correct direction of China's socialist modernization. We must resolutely uphold the authority and centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, strengthen the Four Consciousnesses, fortify the Four Confidences, and achieve the Two Upholds. We must continuously improve the Party's ability and level to lead economic and social development, improve the implementation mechanism for major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, and give full play to the enthusiasm of both the central and local governments. We must deeply advance the great new project of Party building in the New Era, persistently and unswervingly promote comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, and enhance the Party's ability and level to lead economic and social development.

坚持党的全面领导，充分发挥党总揽全局、协调各方的领导核心作用。坚持和加强党的全面领导是我国创造经济快速发展和社会长期稳定两大奇迹的关键，是战胜一切困难和风险的“定海神针”。推动“十五五”时期经济社会发展必须坚持和加强党的全面领导，把党的领导贯穿经济社会发展各方面全过程，确保我国社会主义现代化建设正确方向。要坚决维护党中央权威和集中统一领导，增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”、做到“两个维护”。不断提高党领导经济社会发展的能力和水平，完善党中央重大决策部署落实机制，充分发挥中央和地方两个积极性。深入推进新时代党的建设新的伟大工程，持之以恒推进全面从严治党，提高党领导经济社会发展的能力和水平。

Adhere to a people-centered approach, so that the fruits of modernization benefit all people more and more fairly. The people are the creators of history and the fundamental force determining the future and destiny of the Party and the country. To promote economic and social development during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, we must adhere to a people-centered approach, always take enabling the common people to live a good life as the starting point and goal of all our work, and continuously realize the people's aspirations for a better life. We must adhere to safeguarding and improving people's livelihoods through development, strengthen inclusive, basic, and bottom-line livelihood construction, solve the people's urgent, difficult, and anxious problems, smooth channels of social mobility, and improve the quality of people's lives. We must always maintain flesh-and-blood ties with the people, consciously draw wisdom and strength from the great practice of the people, think and work together with the people, fully mobilize the initiative, creativity, and activity of the broad masses, and unleash the creative power of hundreds of millions of people. We must improve the income distribution system, perfect mechanisms for promoting high-quality and full employment, improve the social security system, run education to the satisfaction of the people, and steadily advance the equalization of basic public services.

坚持人民至上，让现代化建设成果更多更公平惠及全体人民。人民是历史的创造者，是决定党和国家前途命运的根本力量。推动“十五五”时期经济社会发展必须坚持人民至上，始终把让老百姓过上好日子作为我们一切工作的出发点和落脚点，不断实现人民对美好生活的向往。要坚持在发展中保障和改善民生，加强普惠性、基础性、兜底性民生建设，解决好人民群众急难愁盼问题，畅通社会流动渠道，提高人民生活品质。始终保持同人民群众的血肉联系，自觉从人民群众的伟大实践中汲取智慧和力量，同人民群众想在一起、干在一起，充分调动广大人民的积极性、主动性、创造性，发挥亿万人民的创造伟力。完善收入分配制度，健全高质量充分就业促进机制，健全社会保障体系，办好人民满意的教育，稳步推进基本公共服务均等化。

Adhere to high-quality development, promoting sustained and healthy economic development and comprehensive social progress. High-quality development is the primary task in building a modern socialist country in all respects. To promote economic and social development during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, we must fully, accurately, and comprehensively implement the new development philosophy, accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, and promote high-quality development. We must consolidate and strengthen the foundation of the real economy, optimize and upgrade traditional industries, cultivate and strengthen emerging and future industries, and accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system with advanced manufacturing as the backbone. We must promote integrated urban-rural development and coordinated regional development, promote the balanced allocation of urban and rural public resources and the free flow of production factors, promote the extension of urban infrastructure and public services to rural areas, and steadily increase the income of urban and rural residents. We must unswervingly follow the path of ecological priority and green development, accelerate the improvement of institutional mechanisms for implementing the concept that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, and promote the greening and low-carbon transformation of economic and social development through comprehensive, coordinated, innovative, and safe transformation.

坚持高质量发展，促进经济持续健康发展和社会全面进步。高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务。推动“十五五”时期经济社会发展，必须完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念，加快构建新发展格局，推动高质量发展。要巩固壮大实体经济根基，优化提升传统产业，培育壮大新兴产业和未来产业，加快构建以先进制造业为骨干的现代化产业体系。推动城乡融合和区域协调发展，促进城乡公共资源均衡配置和生产要素自由流动，推动城市基础设施和公共服务向农村延伸，稳步增加城乡群众收入。坚定不移走生态优先、绿色发展之路，加快完善落实绿水青山就是金山银山理念的体制机制，以全面转型、协同转型、创新转型、安全转型推动经济社会发展绿色化、低碳化。

Adhere to comprehensively deepening reform, continuously enhancing development momentum and social vitality. Reform and opening up is the most distinctive feature of contemporary China. To promote economic and social development during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, we must further comprehensively deepen reform, focus on resolving deep-seated institutional and mechanistic obstacles, and continuously enhance the momentum and vitality of socialist modernization. We must deepen economic system reform, adhere to and implement the "two unswerving principles," [6]6 The "two unswerving principles" (两个毫不动摇) refer to unswervingly consolidating and developing the public sector of the economy, and unswervingly encouraging, supporting, and guiding the development of the non-public sector of the economy. promote the optimization of the layout and structural adjustment of the state-owned economy, optimize the development environment for private enterprises, and promote complementary advantages and common development of various forms of ownership. We must steadily expand institutional opening up, actively align with high-standard international economic and trade rules, actively expand independent opening up, promote innovative development of trade, and expand space for two-way investment cooperation. We must advance the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, effectively transform the institutional advantages of the Party's leadership over economic and social development into governance effectiveness, and maintain sustained and healthy economic development and overall social stability.

坚持全面深化改革，不断增强发展动力和社会活力。改革开放是当代中国最鲜明的特色。推动“十五五”时期经济社会发展必须进一步全面深化改革，着力破解深层次体制机制障碍，不断增强社会主义现代化建设的动力和活力。要深化经济体制改革，坚持和落实“两个毫不动摇”，推进国有经济布局优化和结构调整，优化民营企业发展环境，促进各种所有制经济优势互补、共同发展。稳步扩大制度型开放，主动对接国际高标准经贸规则，积极扩大自主开放，推动贸易创新发展，拓展双向投资合作空间。推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化，切实把党领导经济社会发展的制度优势转化为治理效能，保持经济持续健康发展和社会大局稳定。

Adhere to the combination of an effective market and a competent government, accelerating the construction of a high-level socialist market economy system. The combination of an effective market and a competent government is a distinctive feature of the socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics, and it is also valuable experience accumulated in China's long-term development practice. To promote economic and social development during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, we must adhere to the combination of an effective market and a competent government, scientifically guide the market and the government to work together, and promote the formation of an economic order that is both "lively" and "manageable." We must adhere to and improve the basic socialist economic system, better leverage the leading role of economic system reform, enhance the effectiveness of macroeconomic governance, and ensure that high-quality development proceeds steadily and far. We must deeply advance the construction of a unified national market, govern enterprises' low-price disorderly competition in accordance with laws and regulations, clean up and abolish various regulations and practices that hinder fair competition, and break market monopolies, "involution-style" competition, and other unfair competitive practices. We must strengthen the strategic guiding role of national development plans, and strengthen coordination between fiscal and monetary policies. We must strengthen counter-cyclical and cross-cyclical adjustments. We must enhance the consistency of macro-policy orientations and optimize comprehensive performance assessments for high-quality development.

坚持有效市场和有为政府相结合，加快构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制。有效市场和有为政府相结合是中国特色社会主义市场经济的鲜明特征，也是我国在长期发展实践中积累的宝贵经验。推动“十五五”时期经济社会发展必须坚持有效市场和有为政府相结合，科学引领市场与政府协同发力，推动形成既“放得活”又“管得住”的经济秩序。要坚持和完善社会主义基本经济制度，更好发挥经济体制改革牵引作用，提升宏观经济治理效能，确保高质量发展行稳致远。纵深推进全国统一大市场建设，依法依规治理企业低价无序竞争，清理和废除妨碍公平竞争的各种规定和做法，破除市场垄断、“内卷式”竞争等各种不正当竞争行为。强化国家发展规划战略导向作用，加强财政、货币政策协同。强化逆周期和跨周期调节。增强宏观政策取向一致性，优化高质量发展综合绩效考核。

Adhere to coordinating development and security, safeguarding the new development pattern with a new security pattern. Development and security are two wings of one body and two wheels driving one cart; they need to be coordinated and advanced simultaneously. To promote economic and social development during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, we must adhere to coordinating development and security, promoting high-level security with high-quality development, and safeguarding high-quality development with high-level security. We must unswervingly implement a holistic approach to national security, follow the path of socialist social governance with Chinese characteristics, and ensure that society is both vibrant and orderly. We must advance the modernization of the national security system and capacity, improve the urban and rural grassroots governance system led by Party organizations, combining autonomy, rule of law, and rule of virtue, and enhance the support and guarantee of human, financial, and material resources for responding to public emergencies, effectively constructing a new security pattern. We must continuously prevent and defuse risks in key areas, prudently resolve local government debt risks, prevent and defuse risks in the financial sector, and firmly hold the bottom line of preventing systemic risks.

坚持统筹发展和安全，以新安全格局保障新发展格局。发展和安全是一体之两翼、驱动之双轮，需要统筹兼顾、同步推进。推动“十五五”时期经济社会发展必须坚持统筹发展和安全，以高质量发展促进高水平安全，以高水平安全保障高质量发展。要坚定不移贯彻总体国家安全观，走中国特色社会主义社会治理之路，确保社会生机勃勃又井然有序。推进国家安全体系和能力现代化，健全党组织领导的自治、法治、德治相结合的城乡基层治理体系，增强应对突发公共事件的人力财力物力等各方面支撑保障，有效构建新安全格局。持续防范化解重点领域风险，稳妥化解地方政府债务风险，防范化解金融领域风险，牢牢守住不发生系统性风险底线。

(The authors are, respectively, Deputy Secretary-General of the Fujian Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and Assistant Researcher at the Fujian Academy of Social Sciences)

（作者分别为福建省习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心副秘书长、福建社会科学院助理研究员）

Online Editor: Huihui

网络编辑：慧慧