The Internal Logic and Practical Requirements of the Digital and Intelligent Construction of Universal Health

Universal health is the foundation of the people’s happy life and an inevitable requirement for the steady and long-term progress of Chinese-path modernization. The *Proposal of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development* (hereinafter referred to as the *Proposal*) clearly states “accelerating the construction of a Healthy China” and “promoting the digital and intelligent construction of universal health,” pointing the direction for building a high-quality and efficient medical and health service system and consolidating the national public health security barrier in the new stage of development. The *Proposal*’s strategic deployment for the deep integration of universal health and digital intelligence contains profound internal logic and practical requirements, providing important support for solidly advancing the construction of a Healthy China and basically realizing socialist modernization by 2035.

全民健康是人民幸福生活的基础，也是中国式现代化行稳致远的必然要求。《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》（以下简称《建议》）明确提出“加快建设健康中国”“推进全民健康数智化建设”，为新发展阶段构建优质高效的医疗卫生服务体系、筑牢国家公共卫生安全屏障指明了方向。《建议》关于全民健康与数智化深度融合的战略部署，蕴含着深刻的内在逻辑与实践要求，为扎实推进健康中国建设、到2035年基本实现社会主义现代化提供重要支撑。

1. Deeply Grasp the Era’s Requirements for the Digital and Intelligent Construction of Universal Health

1.深刻把握全民健康数智化建设的时代要求

General Secretary Xi Jinping demands “placing the people’s health in the strategic position of priority development,” emphasizing “promoting ‘Internet + education,’ ‘Internet + healthcare,’ ‘Internet + culture,’ etc.,” which provides important guidance for us to grasp the internal logic of Healthy China and digital-intelligent transformation. Promoting the digital and intelligent construction of universal health is an important path for the health system to move towards modernization, demonstrating the strategic foresight of meeting the people’s growing health needs in the New Era.

习近平总书记要求“把人民健康放在优先发展的战略地位”，强调“推进‘互联网+教育’、‘互联网+医疗’、‘互联网+文化’等”，这为我们把握健康中国与数智化转型的内在逻辑提供了重要指导。推动全民健康数智化建设是卫生健康体系迈向现代化的重要路径，彰显了新时代满足人民日益增长的健康需求的战略远见。

The digital and intelligent construction of universal health is a strategic choice to adhere to putting the people first and meeting the people’s growing needs for a better life. The *Proposal* takes “adhering to putting the people first” as one of the basic principles that must be followed for economic and social development during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, requiring “taking meeting the people’s growing needs for a better life as the fundamental purpose” and “properly solving the pressing, difficult, and anxious problems of the people.” [1]1 The “15th Five-Year Plan” refers to the period from 2026 to 2030. With the transformation of China’s principal contradiction, the people have new expectations for higher-level, higher-quality, fairer, and more accessible health services. At the same time, China faces multiple challenges such as accelerating population aging, a heavier burden of chronic diseases, and the coexistence of risks from emerging and sudden infectious diseases, placing higher demands on the health service system. Digital-intelligent technology, with its characteristics of ubiquitous connectivity, data-driven operation, precision, and efficiency, can effectively break the time and space constraints of medical and health services, optimize resource allocation, improve service efficiency and quality, promote the shift from a treatment-centered approach to a people’s health-centered one, and better achieve the goal of providing the people with comprehensive, full-cycle health services.

全民健康数智化建设是坚持人民至上、满足人民日益增长美好生活需要的战略选择。《建议》将“坚持人民至上”作为“十五五”时期经济社会发展必须遵循的基本原则之一，要求“以满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要为根本目的”“解决好人民群众急难愁盼问题”。随着我国社会主要矛盾转化，人民群众对更高水平、更高质量、更加公平可及的健康服务充满新期待。同时，我国面临人口老龄化加速、慢性病负担加重、新发突发传染病风险并存等多重挑战，对卫生健康服务体系提出了更高要求。数智技术以其泛在连接、数据驱动、精准高效等特性，能够有效打破医疗卫生服务的时空限制，优化资源配置，提升服务效率与质量，推动从以治病为中心向以人民健康为中心转变，更好实现为人民提供全方位全周期健康服务的目标。

The digital and intelligent construction of universal health is key support for promoting the high-quality development of the health cause and building a strong public health system. The *Proposal* puts forward important strategic arrangements such as “strengthening public health capacity, enhancing the construction of the disease prevention and control system, and preventing and controlling major infectious diseases.” This requires us to accelerate the transformation of the health development model, placing more emphasis on prevention and early risk intervention. We must leverage digital intelligence to integrate individual health data, environmental information, and diagnosis and treatment records, thereby achieving precise assessment of health risks, intelligent prediction of disease trends, and rapid response to public health events, significantly enhancing the capacity for major chronic disease prevention and control and emergency response to public health incidents. Universal health digital intelligence can build an integrated health service chain of “prevention, treatment, management, and rehabilitation,” realizing a historic shift from “passive medical care” to “active health.”

全民健康数智化建设是推动卫生健康事业高质量发展、构建强大公共卫生体系的关键支撑。《建议》提出“强化公共卫生能力，加强疾控体系建设，防控重大传染病”等重要战略安排。这要求我们必须加快转变卫生健康发展方式，更加注重预防为主和风险早期干预。我们要借助数智化整合个体健康数据、环境信息与诊疗记录等，实现对健康风险的精准评估、对疾病趋势的智能预测、对公共卫生事件的快速响应，显著提升重大慢性病防控、突发公共卫生事件应急处置能力。全民健康数智化能够构建“防、治、管、康”一体化的健康服务链，实现从“被动医疗”到“主动健康”历史性转变。

The digital and intelligent construction of universal health is the core path for conforming to the wave of the technological revolution and driving innovation in health service models through digital technology innovation. As the core force leading the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, digital intelligence is a typical representative of new quality productive forces. By promoting the deep integration of big data, artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, 5G, etc., with medical and health services, it can give rise to new medical models such as smart healthcare, precision medicine, telemedicine, digital therapeutics, and wearable health devices, greatly enhancing the intelligent level of health services. Universal health digital intelligence is a vivid practice of “promoting the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation” in the health field, helping to form new quality productive forces in the health field and driving the innovation and upgrading of health service models.

全民健康数智化建设是顺应科技革命浪潮、以数字技术创新驱动健康服务模式创新的核心路径。数智化作为引领新一轮科技革命和产业变革的核心力量，是新质生产力的典型代表。通过促进大数据、人工智能、物联网、5G等与医疗卫生健康服务深度融合，能够催生智慧医疗、精准医疗、远程医疗、数字疗法、可穿戴健康设备等新医疗模式，极大提升了健康服务的智能化水平。全民健康数智化是“推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合”在健康领域的生动实践，有助于形成健康领域的新质生产力，推动卫生健康服务模式创新升级。

2. Consolidate the Technological Foundation for the Digital and Intelligent Construction of Universal Health

2.夯实全民健康数智化建设的技术根基

Health is the most important indicator of a happy life. We must consolidate the technological foundation for the digital and intelligent construction of universal health, thereby laying a solid health foundation for comprehensively advancing the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation through Chinese-path modernization.

健康是幸福生活最重要的指标。要夯实全民健康数智化的技术根基，为以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业筑牢健康基础。

Build an interconnected universal health information platform to unblock the data arteries. To implement the *Proposal*’s requirement of “building an open, shared, and secure national integrated data market,” the primary task is to build a unified, authoritative, and interconnected universal health information platform, breaking down “data silos” and “data chimneys.” [2]2 “Data silos” and “data chimneys” are metaphors for isolated data systems that cannot communicate or share information with each other. We must adhere to the thinking of the national “one chessboard,” [3]3 “One chessboard” is a metaphor for unified planning and coordinated action across the entire country, emphasizing a holistic approach. strengthen top-level design, reinforce standard guidance, and accelerate the construction of a health information platform covering the entire population and the full life cycle. By unifying standards and standardizing interfaces, integrating multiple data sources such as electronic medical records and health archives, we can form a logically unified and normatively managed national health big data resource system, unblocking the “main arteries” of health data, so that data can better serve the people’s health.

构建互联互通的全民健康信息平台，打通数据血脉。落实《建议》关于“建设开放共享安全的全国一体化数据市场”的要求，首要任务是构建统一权威、互联互通的全民健康信息平台，破除“数据孤岛”与“数据烟囱”。必须坚持全国“一盘棋”思想，加强顶层设计，强化标准引领，加快建设覆盖全民、全生命周期的健康信息平台。通过统一标准与规范接口，整合电子病历、健康档案等多元数据，形成逻辑统一、管理规范的国家健康大数据资源体系，打通健康数据的“大动脉”，让数据更好地服务于人民健康。

Strengthen full life-cycle quality management of health data to build a solid security barrier. “Without network security, there is no national security; without informatization, there is no modernization.” This important statement by General Secretary Xi Jinping reveals the importance of data security in the modernization process. Health and medical data involves citizens’ core privacy, and its security and quality are the lifeline of digital-intelligent construction. We must strictly implement relevant laws and regulations, establish and improve a data classification and grading management system, and clarify data ownership and usage boundaries. We should actively apply advanced technologies such as privacy computing and blockchain to promote the compliant development and utilization of data while ensuring security and privacy, achieving “data usable but invisible,” resolutely holding the bottom line of security and the red line of privacy, and building a health data security barrier that reassures the Party and the people.

强化健康数据全生命周期质量管理，筑牢安全屏障。“没有网络安全就没有国家安全，没有信息化就没有现代化。”习近平总书记的这一重要论述，揭示了数据安全在现代化进程中的重要性。健康医疗数据涉及公民核心隐私，其安全与质量是数智化建设的生命线。必须严格落实相关法律法规，建立健全数据分类分级管理制度，明确数据权属与使用边界。要积极应用隐私计算、区块链等先进技术，在保障安全与隐私的前提下推进数据的合规开发利用，实现“数据可用不可见”，坚决守住安全底线与隐私红线，筑牢让党和人民放心的健康数据安全屏障。

Proactively and appropriately lay out computing power infrastructure ahead of demand to strengthen intelligent support. Strong computing power is the cornerstone of health digital-intelligent applications. We must, based on the overall national strategic situation, incorporate health computing power needs into the national integrated computing power network’s coordinated layout. We should, centering on the *Proposal*’s requirement of “strengthening the efficient supply of computing power, algorithms, and data,” scientifically lay out intelligent computing centers and public computing service platforms oriented towards the health field, prioritizing the guarantee of core needs such as major scientific research, infectious disease early warning, and smart hospitals. By building an intensive, efficient, autonomous, and controllable health computing power system, we can provide a powerful engine for cultivating new quality productive forces in the health field and promoting the high-quality development of the universal health cause.

适度超前布局算力基础设施，强化智能支撑。强大的算力是健康数智化应用的基石，必须立足国家战略全局，将健康算力需求纳入全国一体化算力网统筹布局。要围绕《建议》提出的“强化算力、算法、数据等高效供给”，科学布局面向健康领域的智能计算中心与公共算力服务平台，优先保障重大科研攻关、传染病预警、智慧医院等核心需求。通过构建集约高效、自主可控的健康算力体系，为培育健康领域新质生产力、推动全民健康事业高质量发展提供强大引擎。

3. Expand the Integrated Scenarios for the Digital and Intelligent Construction of Universal Health

3.拓展全民健康数智化建设的融合场景

Promoting the construction of “Internet + healthcare” so that the people run less errands and data runs more often fully demonstrates the clear orientation of the Party Central Committee, which is people-centered and uses digital technology to empower the construction of a Healthy China. We must seize the historical opportunity to deeply integrate digital-intelligent technology into the core business of health, injecting strong momentum into building a strong public health system and a high-quality and efficient medical and health service system.

推进“互联网+医疗”建设，让百姓少跑腿、数据多跑路，充分彰显了党中央以人民为中心、用数字技术赋能健康中国建设的鲜明导向。我们必须把握历史机遇，将数智技术深度融入卫生健康核心业务，为构建强大公共卫生体系和优质高效医疗卫生服务体系注入强劲动力。

Empower the public health system to achieve a transformation from passive response to active guarantee and precise prevention and control. Digital intelligence must be taken as the key lever for the modernization of public health. Using technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence, integrate multi-source data to build an intelligent monitoring and early warning system, achieving early detection and real-time warning of infectious disease epidemics and health risk factors. Relying on means such as digital epidemiological investigation and intelligent analysis and judgment, build a precise emergency response system to enhance the efficiency of epidemic analysis, traceability, and control. Break down departmental and regional boundaries, build an integrated collaborative governance system, connect institutions at all levels, and achieve seamless business integration and integrated linkage.

赋能公共卫生体系，实现从被动应对向主动保障、精准防控转型。必须将数智化作为公共卫生现代化的关键抓手。运用大数据、人工智能等技术，整合多源数据，构建智慧化监测预警体系，实现对传染病疫情和健康风险因素的早期捕捉与实时预警。依托数字流调、智能研判等手段，构建精准化应急处置体系，提升疫情分析、溯源和管控的效率。打破部门地域界限，构建一体化协同治理体系，联通各级机构，实现业务无缝衔接与一体联动。

Restructure the medical service model to enhance the accessibility, precision, and humanization of services. Digital-intelligent technology is precisely the key driving force for promoting profound changes in the medical service model and solving the problems of unbalanced and inadequate development in the medical and health cause. We must promote the downward shift of the focus of medical and health work and the sinking of resources, making coordinated efforts in service supply, process experience, and decision support. Vigorously develop “Internet + healthcare,” widely promote applications such as remote consultation and remote imaging diagnosis, build a new form of diagnosis and treatment combining online and offline, break the geographical limitations of high-quality medical resources, effectively alleviate the problem of “difficulty in seeing a doctor,” and make medical services more inclusive, accessible, precise, efficient, and full of humanistic care.

重构医疗服务模式，提升服务的可及性、精准度和人性化水平。数智技术正是推动医疗服务模式深刻变革、破解医疗卫生事业发展不平衡不充分问题的关键驱动力。要推动医疗卫生工作重心下移、资源下沉，在服务供给、流程体验和决策支持等方面协同发力。大力发展“互联网+医疗健康”，广泛推广远程会诊、远程影像诊断等应用，构建线上线下相结合的诊疗新形态，打破优质医疗资源的地域限制，有效缓解“看病难”问题，让医疗服务更加普惠可及、精准高效、富有人文关怀。

Optimize resource allocation, enhance the scientific, precise, and efficient nature of governance. Digital-intelligence is an important engine for advancing the modernization of governance capacity in the health sector. It is necessary to improve the mechanism for coordinated development and governance of medical services, medical insurance, and pharmaceuticals, and to persist in reshaping the industry governance paradigm driven by data. Use big data analysis to understand residents’ health and medical service needs, provide a scientific basis for planning formulation and resource allocation, and raise the level of scientific macro-decision-making. Strengthen intelligent supervision and risk prediction for the operation of medical institutions and the use of medical insurance funds, and enhance the precision of industry supervision. Strive to build a mechanism for data sharing and business coordination among the “three medical sectors” [4]4 The “three medical sectors” (三医) refers to medical services (医疗), medical insurance (医保), and pharmaceuticals (医药)., break down information barriers, and improve the effectiveness of collaborative governance.

优化资源配置，提升治理的科学性、精准性、高效性。数智化是推进卫生健康领域治理能力现代化的重要引擎。要健全医疗、医保、医药协同发展和治理机制，坚持以数据驱动重塑行业治理范式。运用大数据分析居民健康与医疗服务需求，为规划制定与资源布局提供科学依据，提升宏观决策科学化水平。加强对医疗机构运行、医保基金使用等的智能监管与风险预测，提升行业监管精准化水平。着力构建“三医”数据共享与业务协同机制，破除信息壁垒，提升协同治理效能。

4. Perfect the institutional safeguards for digital-intelligent construction for universal health

4.完善全民健康数智化建设的制度保障

Digital-intelligent technology is a powerful driving force and important engine for promoting digital-intelligent construction for universal health. It is necessary to continuously improve the institutional system that adapts to the process of digital-intelligent universal health, ensuring that digital-intelligent universal health develops in an orderly manner along the track of benefiting the people and serving the country.

数智技术是促进全民健康数智化建设的强大动力和重要引擎，必须不断完善与全民健康数智化进程相适应的制度体系，确保全民健康数智化沿着造福人民、服务国家的轨道有序发展。

Accelerate the construction of a legal and regulatory system that adapts to digital-intelligent development. Health and medical data, as a nationally important basic strategic resource and personal sensitive information, urgently require high-level, specialized laws and regulations to regulate core links such as ownership definition, compliant collection, orderly opening, secure circulation, standardized use, and responsibility determination. It is necessary to adhere to legislation first, based on national basic laws such as the Cybersecurity Law and the Data Security Law, to accelerate research and formulation of specialized health and medical data management regulations, clarify data ownership and usage boundaries, refine full life-cycle management norms, and improve rules for network security, privacy protection, and responsibility determination. By building a solid legal barrier, provide impetus for the market-oriented allocation of data elements, build a strong defense line for citizens’ personal information rights and interests, and achieve the organic unity of promoting development and standardizing management.

加快构建与数智化发展相适应的法律法规体系。健康医疗数据作为国家重要的基础性战略资源和个人敏感信息，其权属界定、合规采集、有序开放、安全流通、规范使用及责任认定等核心环节，迫切需要高位阶、专门性的法律法规予以规制。必须坚持立法先行，依据国家网络安全、数据安全等基本法律，加快研究制定专门的健康医疗数据管理条例，明确数据权属与使用边界，细化全生命周期管理规范，完善网络安全、隐私保护与责任认定规则。通过筑牢法治屏障，为数据要素市场化配置提供动力，为公民个人信息权益筑起坚固防线，实现促进发展与规范管理的有机统一。

Simultaneously improve technical standards and application norms to promote interconnection, mutual recognition, and mutual trust. Standardization is an important lever for implementing the “national chessboard” [5]5 “National chessboard” (全国一盘棋) is a Chinese political idiom meaning unified national planning and coordination, treating the whole country as a single entity. in the field of health digital-intelligence. It is necessary to strengthen top-level design at the national level and accelerate the construction of a unified and authoritative universal health information standard system. This standard system should cover key areas such as data elements, interconnection, information security and privacy protection, and AI product service quality evaluation. It is necessary to vigorously promote institutions at all levels to strictly follow unified standards for system construction and upgrading, with the goal of achieving seamless cross-institutional and cross-regional docking and data mutual recognition and mutual trust, fundamentally breaking down information barriers, and laying a solid foundation for building a smart health service system.

同步完善技术标准与应用规范，促进互联互通与互认互信。标准化是实现“全国一盘棋”在健康数智化领域落地的重要抓手。必须在国家层面加强顶层设计，加快构建统一、权威的全民健康信息标准体系。这一体系应覆盖数据元、互联互通、信息安全与隐私保护、AI产品服务质量评价等关键领域。要大力推动各级机构严格遵循统一标准进行系统建设与升级，目标是实现跨机构、跨区域的无缝对接与数据互认互信，从根本上打破信息壁垒，为构建智慧化的健康服务体系奠定坚实基础。

Build a solid line of defense for medical ethics and science and technology ethics, ensuring that technology is oriented toward good. Health concerns the dignity of life and the well-being of the people, and is one of the most ethically sensitive fields. It is necessary to place ethical governance in a prominent position, ensuring that technological progress always serves the fundamental purpose of enhancing human health and well-being. Thoroughly implement the national deployment requirements for strengthening science and technology ethics governance, and run the concept of “science and technology for good” through the entire process. Accelerate the improvement of ethical review and governance systems covering institutions at all levels, with a focus on preventing social discrimination and injustice that may result from data bias and algorithm design, ensuring fair and accessible services. At the same time, strengthen requirements for informed consent and privacy protection, clearly define human-machine responsibilities, guide practitioners to abide by ethical norms, and take safeguarding the people’s health rights and interests and social public interests as the highest criterion.

筑牢医学伦理与科技伦理防线，确保技术向善。健康关乎生命尊严与人民福祉，是最具伦理敏感性的领域之一。必须将伦理治理置于突出位置，确保技术进步始终服务于增进人类健康福祉的根本目的。深入贯彻落实国家关于加强科技伦理治理的部署要求，将“科技向善”理念贯穿全过程。加快健全覆盖各级机构的伦理审查与治理体系，重点防范因数据偏差、算法设计可能导致的社会歧视和不公，确保服务的公平可及。同时，强化对知情同意、隐私保护的要求，清晰界定人机责任，引导从业者恪守伦理规范，将维护人民健康权益和社会公共利益作为最高准则。

Digital-intelligent construction for universal health is a major opportunity given by the times and the only way to build a Healthy China. It fits the grand blueprint of high-quality development, people’s well-being, and national security as outlined in the *Proposal* [6]6 The *Proposal* refers to the *CPC Central Committee’s Proposal on Formulating the 14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035*, adopted at the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee in October 2020.. We must deeply grasp its internal logic, solidly build the foundation of technology and data, continuously expand integrated application scenarios, simultaneously improve institutional and ethical safeguards, and effectively transform the grand blueprint of “promoting digital-intelligent construction for universal health” into vivid practice benefiting hundreds of millions of people. We must continuously create new prospects for high-quality development in the health sector, lay a more solid health foundation for comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization, and strive to write a new chapter in the people’s healthy and happy life.

全民健康数智化建设是时代赋予的重大机遇，也是建设健康中国的必由之路，契合《建议》所擘画的高质量发展、民生福祉与国家安全相统一的宏伟蓝图。我们必须深刻把握其内在逻辑，扎实筑牢技术数据根基，不断拓展融合应用场景，同步完善制度伦理保障，切实将“推进全民健康数智化建设”的宏伟蓝图，转化为惠及亿万人民的生动实践，不断开创卫生健康事业高质量发展新局面，为以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业奠定更加坚实的健康根基，奋力谱写人民健康幸福生活的崭新篇章。

(Authors: Gao Shilei, Yang Jingxian, respectively Researcher at the Chongqing Branch Center of the Theoretical System of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics Research Center, Chongqing University of Technology; Professor at the School of Politics and Public Administration, Zhengzhou University)

（作者：高石磊 杨静娴，分别系重庆市中国特色社会主义理论体系研究中心重庆理工大学分中心研究员、郑州大学政治与公共管理学院教授）

Online Editor: Huihui

网络编辑：慧慧