Place the Development of New Quality Productive Forces Adapted to Local Conditions in a More Prominent Strategic Position

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized at a symposium on economic and social development during the 14th Five-Year Plan period [n] for some provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government that “during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, the development of new quality productive forces adapted to local conditions must be placed in a more prominent strategic position.” Placing the development of new quality productive forces adapted to local conditions in a more prominent strategic position implies the most comprehensive and systematic strategic layout, the deepest level of reform courage, and a higher priority of resource investment. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC [n] made new arrangements for developing new quality productive forces, further highlighting the foundational status of building a modern industrial system, the engine role of accelerating high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening, and the endogenous guarantee of innovating institutions and mechanisms, systematically constructing a strategic system for winning the initiative in future competition during the 15th Five-Year Plan period.

习近平总书记在部分省区市“十五五”时期经济社会发展座谈会上强调，“‘十五五’时期，必须把因地制宜发展新质生产力摆在更加突出的战略位置”。把因地制宜发展新质生产力摆在更加突出的战略位置意味着最全面系统的战略布局、最深层次的改革勇气和更高优先级的资源投入。党的二十届四中全会对发展新质生产力作出新部署，进一步突出了建设现代化产业体系的基础地位、加快高水平科技自立自强的引擎作用以及创新体制机制的内生保障，系统构筑了“十五五”时期赢得未来竞争主动权的战略体系。

More Prominently Highlight the Core Strategic Position of Building a Modern Industrial System

更加突出建设现代化产业体系的核心战略地位

Standing at a new historical starting point, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee placed “building a modern industrial system” in a more forward and core position among the tasks of economic and social development. This not only reflects a renewed understanding of the foundational status of industry but also marks a further deepening of the strategic focus of developing new quality productive forces toward the level of industrial practice. As the value carrier and realization foundation of new quality productive forces, the industrial system directly determines the efficiency and quality of the transformation of scientific and technological innovation achievements, and also concerns the initiative in national competition and development security. Therefore, elevating the building of a modern industrial system to a strategic priority is an inevitable choice for shaping new drivers of high-quality development and responding to profound changes in the global landscape.

立足新的历史起点，党的二十届四中全会将“建设现代化产业体系”摆在经济社会发展任务中更前端、更核心的位置。这不仅体现了对产业基础性地位的重新认识，更标志着发展新质生产力的战略重心进一步向产业实践层面深化。产业体系作为新质生产力的价值载体与实现基础，直接决定着科技创新成果转化的效率与质量，也关系着国家竞争主动与发展安全。因此，将现代化产业体系建设提升至战略优先位置，是塑造高质量发展新动能、应对全球格局深刻变革的必然选择。

At the level of strategic objectives, the 15th Five-Year Plan has achieved an expansion and upgrade from the strategic layout of the 14th Five-Year Plan period, which centered on building a manufacturing powerhouse, a quality powerhouse, a cyber powerhouse, and a digital China, to a target system of “five-powerhouse leadership” encompassing a manufacturing powerhouse, a quality powerhouse, a space powerhouse, a transportation powerhouse, and a cyber powerhouse. This evolution not only broadens the coverage of the industrial system but also raises its strategic level. The building of a space powerhouse represents the pinnacle of national scientific and technological strength and the core of strategic security, driving breakthroughs in a series of cutting-edge technologies such as high-precision manufacturing, advanced materials, and space communications. The building of a transportation powerhouse is the skeleton and lifeline of a modern economic system, playing a fundamental and pioneering role in ensuring supply chain resilience and optimizing the regional development pattern. Together, the two construct a more solid and forward-looking support for national industrial competitiveness.

在战略目标层面，“十五五”规划实现了从“十四五”时期以制造强国、质量强国、网络强国、数字中国为核心的战略布局，向制造强国、质量强国、航天强国、交通强国、网络强国的“五强引领”目标体系的拓展升级。这一演进不仅拓宽了产业体系的覆盖范围，也提升了其战略能级。航天强国建设代表国家科技力量的顶峰与战略安全的核心，牵引高精度制造、先进材料、空间通信等一批尖端技术突破。交通强国建设是现代化经济体系的骨架与血脉，对保障供应链韧性、优化区域发展格局具有基础性、先导性作用。二者共同构筑起更为坚实、更具前瞻性的国家产业竞争力支撑。

In terms of implementation pathways, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee further clarified the development direction of building a modern industrial system toward intelligence, greenness, and integration, and emphasized the construction of a modern industrial ecology “with advanced manufacturing as the backbone.” This formulation profoundly reveals the core position and supporting role of advanced manufacturing within the entire industrial system. Through coordinated development of upstream and downstream industrial chains, continuous technological innovation, and knowledge expansion, advanced manufacturing injects endogenous impetus and developmental vitality into the entire industrial system. Maintaining a reasonable proportion of manufacturing is a key measure to consolidate the foundation of the real economy and prevent the economy from “shifting from real to virtual.” The 15th Five-Year Plan period also particularly emphasizes “forward-looking deployment of future industries,” regarding frontier fields such as quantum technology, 6G communications, brain science and brain-inspired intelligence, and deep-sea and deep-space development as key variables reshaping the global competitive landscape. Systematic planning and early investment in these fields are the “preemptive move” for China’s medium- and long-term development to cultivate new growth points, and also an important guarantee for continuously elevating new quality productive forces.

在实施路径上，党的二十届四中全会进一步明确了建设现代化产业体系智能化、绿色化、融合化的发展方向，并强调构建“以先进制造业为骨干”的现代产业生态。这一表述深刻揭示了先进制造业在整个产业体系中的核心地位与支撑作用。先进制造业通过上下游产业链协同发展、持续技术创新和知识开拓，为整个产业体系注入内生动力和发展活力。保持制造业合理比重是筑牢实体经济根基、防止“脱实向虚”的关键举措。“十五五”时期还特别强调要“前瞻布局未来产业”，将量子科技、6G通信、脑科学与类脑智能、深海空天开发等前沿领域视为重塑全球竞争格局的关键变量。对这些领域进行系统谋划与早期投入，是我国中长期发展培育新增长点的“先手棋”，也是推动新质生产力不断跃升的重要保障。

More Strongly Strengthen the Core Engine Role of High-Level Scientific and Technological Self-Reliance and Self-Strengthening

更加强化高水平科技自立自强的核心引擎作用

Scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening are the strategic support for national development and the fundamental driving force for shaping new quality productive forces. During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, China will firmly grasp the historical opportunity of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, and systematically enhance the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system. In this process, high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening is no longer merely about technological autonomy and controllability, but is endowed with the strategic mission of “leading the development of new quality productive forces.” This means that promoting scientific and technological innovation from breakthroughs at “points” to the enhancement of systemic capabilities becomes inevitable. Through independent research and systematic application of key core technologies, the industrial structure will be propelled toward the high end of the global value chain.

科技自立自强是国家发展的战略支撑，更是塑造新质生产力的根本动力。“十五五”时期，我国将牢牢把握新一轮科技革命和产业变革的历史机遇，系统提升国家创新体系整体效能。在这一过程中，高水平科技自立自强不再是技术层面的自主可控，更被赋予“引领发展新质生产力”的战略使命。这意味着推动科技创新从“点”的突破迈向系统能力提升成为必然，通过关键核心技术的自主攻关与系统应用，推动产业结构向全球价值链高端迈进。

The core engine role of “high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening” in developing new quality productive forces during the 15th Five-Year Plan period is mainly reflected in three aspects. First, the strategic positioning of scientific and technological development has undergone a fundamental shift from “supporting development” to “leading the development of new quality productive forces.” The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee explicitly proposed the strategic positioning of “accelerating high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening to lead the development of new quality productive forces,” marking the strategic significance of scientific and technological innovation in the overall situation. In the past, China’s scientific and technological development mainly assumed the function of industrial upgrading and efficiency improvement. In the new stage of development, science and technology must not only solve the “bottleneck” predicament but also become the “source of living water” for opening up new tracks and shaping new advantages. New quality productive forces are essentially a form of productive forces in which scientific and technological innovation plays a leading role. Therefore, it is necessary to use systematic and forward-looking scientific and technological breakthroughs to spawn and lead their development. Second, the focus of tackling key problems has changed, placing original innovation at the source of the scientific and technological innovation system. The plenary session emphasized “strengthening original innovation and tackling key core technologies,” reflecting a strategic shift from “solving application problems” to “planning for future possibilities.” Original innovation is the core for achieving breakthroughs “from 0 to 1” and forming the capacity for technological origination, and it is also the seed from which new quality productive forces can sprout. Third, the enhancement of system effectiveness assists in building a digital China and optimizing the national innovation ecosystem. The plenary session deployed “integrating the development of education, science and technology, and talent” and “deepening the construction of a digital China,” aiming to fully integrate digital technology into the overall innovation landscape. Digital China is not only a collection of technical projects but also a foundational platform that empowers all industries and reshapes innovation paradigms. Through computing power sharing, data circulation, and intelligent empowerment, scientific and technological innovation and industrial transformation are deeply integrated.

“十五五”时期“高水平科技自立自强”对发展新质生产力的核心引擎作用主要体现在三个方面。一是科技发展的战略定位从“支撑发展”向“引领发展新质生产力”的根本性转变。党的二十届四中全会明确提出“加快高水平科技自立自强，引领发展新质生产力”的战略定位，标志着科技创新在全局中的战略意义。过去，我国科技发展更多承担产业升级与效率提升的功能。在新发展阶段，科技不仅要破解“卡脖子”困境，更要成为开辟新赛道、塑造新优势的“源头活水”。新质生产力本质上是科技创新在其中起主导作用的生产力形态，因此必须以系统性、前瞻性的科技突破，催生并引领其发展。二是攻坚重点发生变化，将原始创新置于科技创新体系的源头位置。全会强调“加强原始创新和关键核心技术攻关”，体现出从“解决应用难题”向“谋划未来可能”的战略前移。原始创新是实现“从0到1”的突破、形成技术策源能力的核心，也是新质生产力得以萌发的种子。三是体系效能提升助力数字中国建设，优化国家创新生态。全会部署“一体推进教育科技人才发展”“深入推进数字中国建设”，旨在将数字技术全面融入创新全局。数字中国不仅是技术工程的集合，更是赋能千行百业、重塑创新范式的基础平台。通过算力共享、数据流通与智能赋能，科技创新与产业转型得以深度融合。

From breaking through blockades to leading innovation, from tackling technical problems to system reconstruction, high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening is reshaping the dynamic structure of Chinese-path modernization as a core engine. This process is not only a systematic leap in scientific and technological strength but also a vivid manifestation of institutional advantages. It will surely lay a solid scientific and technological foundation and strategic initiative for comprehensively building a modern socialist country.

从突破封锁到引领创新，从技术攻关到体系重构，高水平科技自立自强正以核心引擎之姿，重塑中国式现代化的动力结构。这一进程，既是科技实力的系统性跃升，更是制度优势的生动体现，必将为全面建设社会主义现代化国家奠定坚实的科技根基与战略主动。

Pay Greater Attention to the Endogenous Driving Force of Institutional and Mechanism Innovation

更加重视体制机制创新的内生动能

Developing new quality productive forces requires not only technological breakthroughs and industrial upgrading but also calls for corresponding institutions and mechanisms as guarantees. Currently, the key constraints on the development of new quality productive forces are not only technological and financial issues but also deep-seated institutional and mechanism obstacles such as data barriers, scientific research evaluation, and market access. Facing this reality, during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, we must promote the coordinated development of education, science and technology, and talent systems in terms of reform methods, continuously make efforts to improve the scientific and technological financial support system, and systematically stimulate the endogenous driving force of high-quality development.

发展新质生产力，不仅需要科技突破与产业升级，更呼唤与之相适应的体制机制作为保障。当前制约新质生产力发展的关键不仅是技术与资金问题，更在于数据壁垒、科研评价、市场准入等深层次体制机制障碍。面对这一现实，“十五五”时期，我们要在改革方法上推动教育、科技、人才体制协同发展，在完善科技金融支持体系方面持续发力，系统激发高质量发展的内生动力。

Establishing “developing new quality productive forces adapted to local conditions” as a strategic principle promotes the strategic transformation of institutions and mechanisms from a “unified framework” to “precise adaptation.” The resource endowments, industrial foundations, and innovation conditions of various regions in China differ significantly. Some regions focus on original innovation, while others excel in the transformation of achievements; development paths are inevitably diverse. For example, Guangxi, as a “bridgehead” for open cooperation with ASEAN, seizes major opportunities such as the national implementation of the AI Capacity Building普惠 Plan, and jointly creates an AI development path of “R&D in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou + integration in Guangxi + application in ASEAN,” effectively activating new momentum for economic development. It can be seen that the design of institutions and mechanisms must abandon the “one-size-fits-all” mindset and shift toward building an institutional system that can identify differences, respond to needs, and empower characteristics, truly achieving precise governance of “one policy for one region.”

将“因地制宜发展新质生产力”确立为战略原则，推动体制机制从“统一框架”向“精准适配”的战略转型。我国各地区资源禀赋、产业基础与创新条件差异显著，有的地区重在原始创新，有的强在成果转化，发展路径必然多元。如广西作为面向东盟开放合作的“桥头堡”，抢抓国家实施人工智能能力建设普惠计划等重大机遇，协力打造“北上广研发+广西集成+东盟应用”的人工智能发展路径，有效激活了经济发展新势能。可见，体制机制的设计必须摒弃“一刀切”思维，转向构建能够识别差异、响应需求、赋能特色的制度体系，真正实现“一域一策”的精准治理。

Advance the coordinated development of education, science and technology, and human resources systems through "system integration." The plenary session [n3] emphasized establishing and improving the institutional mechanisms for the coordinated development of education, science and technology, and human resources, aiming to break down institutional barriers among the three domains and build a through-type development ecology from talent cultivation and scientific research to industrial application. The key lies in forming a smooth chain from knowledge creation, through technological transformation, to value realization, and in stimulating synergistic effectiveness through systemic innovation in institutions and mechanisms. This is both an inherent requirement for developing new quality productive forces and a concrete practice of the reform methodology of "system integration, synergy and high efficiency." Only by achieving a virtuous cycle and deep integration of the three can we provide a steady stream of high-quality laborers and innovative talents for new quality productive forces.

以“系统集成”推进教育、科技、人才体制协同发展。全会强调建立健全教育、科技、人才协同发展的体制机制，旨在打破三大领域间的制度壁垒，构建从人才培养、科学研究到产业应用的贯通式发展生态。其关键在于形成知识创造、技术转化与价值实现的畅通链条，以体制机制的系统性创新激发协同效能。这既是发展新质生产力的内在要求，也是“系统集成、协同高效”改革方法论的具体实践。唯有实现三者的良性循环与深度融合，才能为新质生产力提供源源不断的高素质劳动者与创新型人才。

Build a capital support system suited to the laws of innovation through "science and technology finance." It is necessary to build a science and technology finance system compatible with scientific and technological innovation. By deepening financial reform, vigorously develop venture capital and equity investment, unblock the funding bottleneck from the laboratory to industrialization, and let financial "living water" precisely irrigate the entire chain. This deployment is not only a key measure for perfecting the modern financial system but also an institutional lever for smoothing the "science and technology–industry–finance" cycle and catalyzing the explosion of new quality productive forces.

以“科技金融”构建适配创新规律的资本支持体系。要构建与科技创新相适应的科技金融体系，通过深化金融改革，大力发展创业投资、股权投资，打通从实验室到产业化的资金瓶颈，让金融“活水”精准滴灌入全链条。这一部署不仅是完善现代金融体系的关键举措，更是畅通“科技—产业—金融”循环、催化新质生产力爆发的制度杠杆。

(The author is Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee of Guangxi University for Nationalities, and Deputy Director and Researcher of the Guangxi Research Institute for the Sense of Community for the Chinese Nation.)

（作者系广西民族大学党委副书记，广西中华民族共同体意识研究院副院长、研究员）