Deepening the Integration of Scientific and Technological Innovation with Industrial Innovation

The proposal on formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, reviewed and approved at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC, makes strategic arrangements for "accelerating high-level self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology to lead the development of new quality productive forces," and explicitly calls for "promoting the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation." At the opening ceremony of a special seminar on studying and implementing the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee for principal leading officials at the provincial and ministerial level, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Develop new quality productive forces in light of local conditions, and promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation." At present, the domestic and international development environment is undergoing profound and complex changes. To promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation, it is necessary to adhere to systematic thinking, innovative concepts, a global vision, and a long-term perspective, take the nation's strategic needs as the guide, and build an integrated innovation system where multiple subjects share common goals and jointly contribute and benefit.

党的二十届四中全会审议通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》，对“加快高水平科技自立自强，引领发展新质生产力”作出战略部署，明确提出“推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合”。在省部级主要领导干部学习贯彻党的二十届四中全会精神专题研讨班开班式上，习近平总书记指出：“因地制宜发展新质生产力，推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合。”当前，国内国际发展环境面临深刻复杂变化，推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合，需要坚持系统思维、创新理念、全球视野和长远眼光，以国家战略性需求为导向，构建多元主体目标一致、共建共享的融合创新体系。

1. The Inevitability of the Era in Promoting the Deep Integration of Scientific and Technological Innovation with Industrial Innovation

1. 推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合的时代必然

The deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation is not only a strategic measure for building a modern industrial system but also a crucial lever for implementing the new development philosophy, promoting high-quality development, and accelerating the construction of a new development pattern. It fully reflects the Party Central Committee's overall grasp of high-quality development and its profound insight into the laws of economic development, and is of great significance for comprehensively enhancing comprehensive national power and advancing Chinese-path modernization.

科技创新和产业创新的深度融合，不仅是构建现代化产业体系的战略举措，更是贯彻新发展理念、推动高质量发展、加快构建新发展格局的重要抓手，充分体现出党中央对高质量发展的统筹把握和对经济发展规律的深刻洞察，对全面提升综合国力、推进中国式现代化具有重要意义。

A Necessary Condition for Seizing the Initiative in Innovation. Throughout the course of human history, a clear pattern runs consistently: every step forward in scientific and technological innovation gives rise to profound changes in the industrial sphere; and each round of industrial boom, in turn, paves the way and injects momentum for the widespread application of science and technology. Currently, a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation is accelerating, exhibiting characteristics of cross-disciplinary and cross-industry integration. The upstream and downstream links of the innovation chain are becoming increasingly interconnected, forming an organic whole that is closely linked and inseparable. Only by promoting the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation, and breaking the linear model of "scientific research first, industrial application later," can we seize the high ground of innovation and convert the potential energy of the technological revolution into the kinetic energy of industrial transformation.

把握创新主动权的必要条件。纵观人类历史演进，一个清晰的规律贯穿始终：科技创新每向前迈进一步，便会催生产业领域的深刻变革；而产业的每一轮勃兴，又会为科技的广泛应用铺就通途、注入动能。当前，新一轮科技革命与产业变革加速演进，呈现出多学科、多产业交叉融合特征，创新链条上下游关联日益紧密，形成环环相扣、密不可分的有机整体。只有推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合，打破“科技研发在前、产业应用在后”的线性模式，才能抢占创新高地，把科技革命的势能转化为产业变革的动能。

The Inevitable Path for Developing New Quality Productive Forces. New quality productive forces, characterized by high technology, high efficiency, and high quality, represent an advanced state of productive forces led by innovation. The formation of new quality productive forces is not a single breakthrough in scientific and technological innovation, nor a simple expansion of industrial scale, but an organic unity of the two. Scientific and technological innovation is the power source of new quality productive forces, while industrial innovation is their practical carrier. Only by promoting the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation can we efficiently allocate various innovation factors, continuously cultivate and generate new technologies, new talents, new organizations, new industries, new business forms, and new models, inject strong momentum into high-quality development, and achieve an effect where "1+1 is greater than 2."

发展新质生产力的必由之路。新质生产力以高科技、高效能、高质量为核心特征，是创新主导的先进生产力质态。新质生产力的形成，不是单一的科技创新突破，也不是单纯的产业规模扩张，而是二者的有机统一。科技创新是新质生产力的动力源泉，产业创新是新质生产力的实践载体。只有推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合，才能高效配置各类创新要素，不断培育催生出新技术、新人才、新组织、新产业、新业态、新模式，为高质量发展注入强劲动能，实现“1+1>2”的效果。

The Inevitable Choice for Shaping New Competitive Advantages. Against the backdrop of accelerated changes unseen in a century, competition between countries is undergoing a transformation. The strength of a country's comprehensive national power depends neither solely on indicators of scientific and technological innovation such as R&D investment scale and number of patents, nor solely on industrial development indicators such as industrial scale and output value. Instead, it depends on the speed of industrial transformation of scientific and technological achievements, the depth of synergy between the industrial chain and the innovation chain, and the breadth of coupling between the innovation ecosystem and the industrial ecosystem. The level of integration between scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation largely determines the height a country's competitiveness can reach. Only by promoting the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation can we shape new national competitive advantages that are secure and autonomous, high-end leading, and stable over the long term, suited to the new circumstances.

塑造竞争新优势的必然选择。在百年变局加速演进背景下，国家间的竞争正在发生转变。一国综合国力的强弱，既不单纯取决于研发投入规模、专利数量等科技创新指标，也不单纯取决于产业规模、产值等产业发展指标，而是取决于科技创新成果的产业转化速度、产业链与创新链的协同深度、创新生态与产业生态的耦合广度。科技创新与产业创新的融合水平，在很大程度上决定了国家竞争力所能达到的高度。只有推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合，才能塑造适配新形势下安全自主、高端引领、长期稳定的国家竞争新优势。

2. Implementation Paths for Promoting the Deep Integration of Scientific and and Technological Innovation with Industrial Innovation

2. 推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合的实施路径

Promoting the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation is a systematic project involving multiple subjects, multiple fields, and multiple links. On the new journey, we should base ourselves on China's actual development, follow the laws of innovation, and make concerted efforts from the levels of strategic coordination, institutional innovation, factor guarantee, chain linkage, and open cooperation. We must effectively solve problems existing in practice, such as integration that is not deep enough and cooperation that is not smooth enough, and promote the inter-embedding, mutual promotion, and integrated progress of the innovation chain and the industrial chain.

推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合，是一项涉及多主体、多领域、多环节的系统性工程。新征程上，应立足我国发展实际，遵循创新规律，从战略统筹、制度创新、要素保障、链条衔接、开放合作等层面协同发力，切实解决实践中存在的融而不深、合而不畅等问题，推动创新链与产业链互嵌互促、共融共进。

Adhere to Coordinated Advancement to Enhance the Overall Degree of Integration of Scientific and Technological Innovation with Industrial Innovation. Focusing on the major strategic tasks of economic and social development during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, concentrate on key fields such as high-end equipment, integrated circuits, artificial intelligence, biomedicine, new energy, and new materials, clarify the key tasks, phased goals, and implementation steps for integrated development, and form a strategic layout for the whole country as a single chessboard. Combine problem-orientation with goal-orientation. For "bottleneck" technological links, formulate special integrated research plans, build an integrated promotion mechanism of "scientific research + industrial incubation + market promotion," and achieve precise alignment between strategic priorities and integration practices. Strengthen spatial linkage. Relying on national independent innovation demonstration zones, high-tech industrial development zones, and economic and technological development zones, promote the integrated construction of industrial clusters and innovation clusters. Strengthen regional coordination. Combining regional industrial characteristics and innovation resource endowments, promote innovation highlands such as the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area to build integrated development demonstration zones, and explore integration models that can be replicated and promoted.

坚持统筹推进，提升科技创新和产业创新融合的整体度。围绕“十五五”时期经济社会发展重大战略任务，聚焦高端装备、集成电路、人工智能、生物医药、新能源、新材料等关键领域，明确融合发展的重点任务、阶段目标与实施步骤，形成全国一盘棋的战略布局。坚持问题导向与目标导向相结合，针对“卡脖子”技术环节，制定专项融合攻关方案，构建“科技研发+产业孵化+市场推广”的一体化推进机制，实现战略重点与融合实践的精准对接。强化空间联动，依托国家自主创新示范区、高新技术产业开发区、经济技术开发区等，推动产业集群与创新集群一体化建设。强化区域协同，结合区域产业特色与创新资源禀赋，推动京津冀、长三角、粤港澳大湾区等创新高地打造融合发展示范区，探索可复制、可推广的融合模式。

Adhere to Deepening Reform to Enhance the Dynamism of Integration of Scientific and Technological Innovation with Industrial Innovation. Improve cross-departmental and cross-field coordination mechanisms. Through regular consultations, list management, and effectiveness evaluation, coordinate and integrate policy resources in science and technology, industry, finance, and talent to form a combined regulatory force. Deepen the reform of the science and technology management system. Fully implement new project management models such as "open competition for the best candidates," "horse racing system," and "lump-sum contracting system," and give priority to supporting R&D tasks with clear industrial orientation and high potential for achievement transformation. Break away from evaluation methods centered solely on the number of papers and patents, and establish diversified evaluation standards oriented by innovation value, industrial contribution, and economic and social benefits. Improve the fault-tolerance and error-correction mechanism. Vigorously promote the spirit of scientists, the spirit of entrepreneurs, and the spirit of craftsmanship. Unburden and empower scientific researchers to engage in industry-oriented innovation, create a favorable atmosphere encouraging the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation, and fully unleash the endogenous motivation and creative vitality of various innovation subjects.

坚持深化改革，提升科技创新和产业创新融合的活跃度。健全跨部门、跨领域协同推进机制，通过定期会商、清单管理、成效评估等方式，统筹整合科技、产业、金融、人才等政策资源，形成调控合力。深化科技管理体制改革，全面推行“揭榜挂帅”“赛马制”“包干制”等新型项目管理模式，优先支持产业导向明确、成果转化潜力大的研发任务。打破单纯以论文、专利数量为核心的评价方式，建立以创新价值、产业贡献、经济社会效益为导向的多元评价标准。完善容错纠错机制，大力弘扬科学家精神、企业家精神、工匠精神，为科研人员投身产业导向型创新松绑减负，营造鼓励科技创新和产业创新深度融合的良好氛围，充分释放各类创新主体的内生动力与创造活力。

Adhere to Market Allocation to Enhance the Convenience of Integration of Scientific and Technological Innovation with Industrial Innovation. Remove barriers to talent flow. Guide the efficient flow of talent between different innovation subjects such as universities and enterprises, achieving deep integration of the talent chain with the innovation chain and the industrial chain. Support universities in setting up interdisciplinary majors and cultivating composite talents adapted to the needs of industrial integration. Build a diversified science and technology financial support system. Improve the multi-level capital market, increase financial support for technology-based industries, vigorously develop venture capital and risk investment, and guide capital to invest early, invest small, invest long-term, and invest in hard technology. Encourage financial institutions to innovate in science and technology financial products, launching special services such as intellectual property pledge loans, technology insurance, and industrial chain finance to solve the problems of difficult and expensive financing for technology-based enterprises. Leverage the guiding role of government industrial investment funds to channel social capital towards key areas of integrated innovation.

坚持市场配置，提升科技创新和产业创新融合的便捷度。破除人才流动壁垒，引导人才在高校、企业等不同创新主体间高效流动，实现人才链与创新链、产业链的深度融合，支持高校设置交叉学科专业，培养适应产业融合需求的复合型人才。构建多元化科技金融支撑体系，完善多层次资本市场，加大对科技型产业的金融支持力度，大力发展创业投资、风险投资，引导资本投早、投小、投长期、投硬科技。鼓励金融机构创新科技金融产品，推出知识产权质押贷款、科技保险、产业链金融等特色服务，解决科技型企业融资难、融资贵等问题。发挥政府产业投资基金的引导作用，撬动社会资本投向融合创新重点领域。

Adhere to Multi-Party Linkage to Enhance the Synergy of Integration of Scientific and Technological Innovation with Industrial Innovation. Strengthen the principal position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation. Support leading enterprises in integrating resources from universities, research institutes, and upstream and downstream enterprises to form innovation consortia. Implement policies such as additional deduction for R&D expenses and tax incentives for high-tech enterprises. Promote the transformation of enterprises from passively undertaking scientific research achievements to actively carrying out original and leading scientific and technological research. Optimize the basic research funding system. Support universities and research institutions in conducting forward-looking, targeted research on the underlying technologies and core principles of industrial development. Sort out the key links and technological shortcomings of the industrial chain, and deploy innovation chain research tasks in a targeted manner. Build comprehensive and specialized pilot-scale incubation bases and industrial technology research institutes. Improve supporting services such as pilot-scale maturation, process verification, and sample trial production. Improve the technology trading market and intellectual property operation platform. Promote the market-oriented circulation of scientific and technological achievements, and build a collaborative innovation ecosystem where research has direction, innovation has a carrier, and transformation has a path.

坚持多方联动，提升科技创新和产业创新融合的协同度。强化企业科技创新主体地位，支持领军企业整合高校、科研院所、上下游企业资源，组建创新联合体，落实好研发费用加计扣除、高新技术企业税收优惠等政策，推动企业从被动承接科研成果向主动开展原创性、引领性科技攻关转变。优化基础研究资助体系，支持高校和科研机构围绕产业发展的底层技术、核心原理开展前瞻性定向研究，梳理产业链关键环节与技术短板，针对性部署创新链攻关任务。建设综合性、专业化中试孵化基地、产业技术研究院，完善中试熟化、工艺验证、样品试制等配套服务。健全技术交易市场、知识产权运营平台，促进科技成果市场化流转，构建科研有方向、创新有载体、转化有路径的协同创新生态。

Adhere to international cooperation and enhance the openness of the integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation. Promote innovation through openness, promote integration through cooperation, actively integrate into the global innovation network, encourage enterprises, universities, and research institutes to participate in international big science programs and big science projects, and attract top global innovative talents to come to China for innovation and entrepreneurship with more convenient conditions and a better environment. Deepen cooperation with innovation entities in countries共建 the Belt and Road Initiative [3]3 The Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路) is a global infrastructure and economic development strategy proposed by President Xi Jinping in 2013, involving cooperation with countries along the ancient Silk Road routes., focusing on key areas such as infrastructure construction, new energy, modern agriculture, ecological and environmental protection, and the digital economy, jointly formulate technology research and development roadmaps, and promote the cross-border adaptation and industrial transformation of scientific and technological innovation achievements. Encourage and support Chinese enterprises to carry out global industrial mergers and acquisitions, participate in the global industrial division of labor and the formulation of technical standards, and achieve a two-way integration of "global innovation and R&D, domestic industrial transformation" and "domestic R&D, overseas implementation". Improve the risk prevention and control mechanism, and hold the bottom line of technological security and industrial security.

坚持对外合作，提升科技创新和产业创新融合的开放度。以开放促创新、以合作促融合，积极融入全球创新网络，鼓励企业、高校、科研院所参与国际大科学计划和大科学工程，以更便利的条件、更优质的环境吸引全球顶尖创新人才来华创新创业。深化与“一带一路”共建国家创新主体的合作，围绕基础设施建设、新能源、现代农业、生态环保、数字经济等重点领域，联合制定技术研发路线，推动科技创新成果的跨境适配与产业转化。鼓励支持我国企业开展全球产业并购，参与全球产业分工与技术标准制定，实现“全球创新研发、国内产业转化”与“国内研发、海外落地”双向融合。完善风险防控机制，守住科技安全与产业安全底线。

3. The Role of Universities in Deepening the Integration of Scientific and Technological Innovation with Industrial Innovation

3. 推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合的高校作为

Universities are important entities for the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation. They should proactively align with national strategies and regional development needs, promote the optimal combination of various innovation factors through disciplinary restructuring and other means, and demonstrate their mission and achieve greater accomplishments in serving the overall situation of high-quality development.

高校是科技创新和产业创新深度融合的重要主体，应主动对接国家战略与区域发展需求，通过学科重构等方式推动各类创新要素优化组合，在服务高质量发展的大局中彰显使命担当、实现更大作为。

Take disciplinary restructuring as the foundation to consolidate the base for the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation. Break through the research paradigm of purely logical deduction, proactively align with the direction of regional industrial upgrading, extract major scientific questions from industrial "bottleneck" technical constraints and the development needs of emerging industries, and promote the transformation of disciplinary development from "self-circulation" to "education-industry linkage". Strengthen the dynamic assessment of industrial demand, integrate interdisciplinary resources with key technologies as the纽带, establish a closed-loop mechanism of "scenario extraction—problem transformation—disciplinary adaptation" with the pain points of the industrial frontline as the source of innovation, activate new momentum for disciplinary development, and create a disciplinary ecology compatible with the development of new quality productive forces. Optimize and upgrade the talent cultivation system, build a talent cultivation model of "discipline as the foundation, industry as the field, co-cultivation as the path", anchor the goal of cultivating "bridging talents", focus on the pain points of the connection between scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, deeply integrate industrial demand into the construction of the curriculum system, solidly promote the construction of school-enterprise practice bases, provide students with immersive industrial scenario experiences, and enable graduates to become the backbone force driving the integration of industry and education.

以学科重构为基点，夯实科技创新和产业创新深度融合底座。突破单纯逻辑推演式的研究范式，主动对接区域产业升级方向，从产业“卡脖子”技术瓶颈和新兴产业发展需求中提炼重大科学问题，推动学科发展从“自我循环”向“教产联动”转型。加强产业需求动态研判，以关键技术为纽带整合跨学科资源，建立以产业一线痛点为创新源头、“场景提炼—问题转化—学科适配”的闭环机制，激活学科发展新动能，打造与新质生产力发展相适配的学科生态。优化升级人才培养体系，构建“学科为基、产业为场、共育为径”的人才培养模式，锚定“衔接型人才”培养目标，聚焦科技创新与产业创新的衔接痛点，将产业需求深度融入课程体系建设，扎实推进校企实践基地建设，为学生提供沉浸式产业场景体验，让毕业生成为推动产教融合的中坚力量。

Take innovation platforms as the fulcrum to optimize services for the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation. Build cutting-edge interdisciplinary research platforms, relying on the interdisciplinary advantages formed by disciplinary restructuring, integrate cross-field academic resources, research teams, and technical equipment, form a characteristic development model of platform synergy, cross-disciplinary problem-solving, and supply-demand-driven innovation, and provide systematic support for tackling key industrial frontier technologies. Build pilot-scale transformation platforms, using the industrial adaptation advantages formed by disciplinary adjustment as the纽带, jointly establish a full-chain pilot-scale transformation system with local governments and industry leaders, integrate integrated service resources such as technology R&D, pilot-scale maturation, enterprise incubation, policy alignment, and financial support, and break the "pilot-scale gap" bottleneck in achievement transformation. Build talent co-cultivation platforms, focusing on the demand for cultivating composite innovative talents, deepen the "artificial intelligence +" education reform, and promote the transformation of the cultivation model from "discipline-oriented" to "industry-oriented".

以创新平台为支点，优化科技创新和产业创新深度融合服务。打造前沿交叉研究平台，依托学科重构形成的交叉优势，整合跨领域学术资源、科研团队与技术装备，形成平台聚合力、交叉破难题、供需促创新的特色发展模式，为产业前沿技术攻关提供系统性支撑。打造中试转化平台，以学科调整形成的产业适配优势为纽带，联合地方政府、行业龙头构建全链条中试转化体系，整合技术研发、中试熟化、企业孵化、政策对接、资金扶持等一体化服务资源，破解成果转化“中试断层”瓶颈。打造人才共育平台，聚焦复合型创新人才培养需求，深化“人工智能+”教育改革，推动培养模式从“学科导向”向“产业导向”转型。

Take institutional reform as the key to breaking down barriers to the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation. In terms of evaluation orientation reform, establish a diversified scientific research evaluation system centered on the value of achievements, incorporate the effectiveness of technology transformation, contributions to industrial services, and outcomes of school-enterprise collaboration into the evaluation indicator system, and guide scientific research from laboratory orientation to industrial demand orientation. In terms of funding and data support, establish special support funds for the basic research stage of "0 to 1" original breakthroughs and the key link of "1 to 10" pilot-scale amplification, and increase digital support for interdisciplinary integration and achievement transformation. In terms of property rights and process reform, deepen the reform of empowering job-related scientific and technological achievements, clarify property rights ownership, simplify approval procedures, increase the proportion of income for research teams, and fully release the "creator's dividend". In terms of talent mobility mechanisms, establish a two-way flow and mutual appointment and co-cultivation model for talents among schools, governments, and enterprises, select key teachers to take temporary posts in enterprises, invite enterprise technical experts and industry leading talents to teach on campus and jointly build research teams, integrate industrial practical experience and cutting-edge technical standards into talent cultivation and scientific research, and achieve a two-way integration of innovation factors such as talents, technology, and ideas.

以制度改革为重点，破除科技创新和产业创新深度融合壁垒。在评价导向改革方面，建立以成果价值为核心的多元科研评价体系，将技术转化成效、产业服务贡献、校企协同成果纳入评价指标体系，引导科研从实验室导向转向产业需求导向。在资金与数据支撑方面，针对“0到1”原创性突破的基础研究阶段与“1到10”中试放大的关键环节设立专项扶持基金，加大对跨学科融合与成果转化提供数字化支持力度。在产权与流程改革方面，深化职务科技成果赋权改革，明晰产权归属、简化审批流程、提高科研团队收益比例，充分释放“创造者”红利。在人才流动机制方面，建立校政企人才双向流动、互聘共育模式，选派骨干教师赴企业挂职锻炼，邀请企业技术专家、行业领军人才进校园授课、共建科研团队，将产业实战经验与前沿技术标准融入人才培养与科研攻关，实现人才、技术、理念等创新要素的双向融通。

Take empowering enterprises as the target to build an ecosystem for the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation. On the technology supply side, focus on "bottleneck" problems, build a collaborative research model of "university source innovation + enterprise engineering", where schools focus on basic research and core technology breakthroughs, and enterprises leverage their engineering and market advantages to transform laboratory technologies into products and solutions that meet industrial needs. On the achievement transformation side, target the actual production scenarios and technical needs of enterprises, conduct secondary development and optimization iteration of existing scientific research achievements, provide personalized technical solutions for enterprises, improve the success rate of achievement transformation and market adaptability, and truly open up the "last mile" from laboratory achievements to industrial application. On the extended service side, build a full lifecycle empowerment system, promptly capture the needs for industrial technology upgrades, provide enterprises with full-chain support from technology R&D, product testing to later-stage upgrades, and form a closed-loop service of "technology supply—optimization and adaptation—iterative empowerment".

以赋能企业为靶点，构建科技创新和产业创新深度融合生态。在技术供给端，聚焦“卡脖子”难题，构建“高校源头创新+企业工程化”的协同攻关模式，学校侧重基础研究与核心技术突破，企业发挥工程化、市场化优势，将实验室技术转化为适配产业需求的产品与解决方案。在成果转化端，针对企业实际生产场景与技术需求，对已有科研成果进行二次开发与优化迭代，为企业提供个性化技术方案，提升成果转化成功率与市场适配度，真正打通实验室成果走向产业应用的“最后一公里”。在延伸服务端，构建全生命周期赋能体系，及时捕捉产业技术升级需求，为企业提供从技术研发、产品测试到后期升级的全链条支持，形成“技术供给—优化适配—迭代赋能”的闭环服务。

(Author: Zheng Qinghua, Researcher at the Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in Shanghai, Secretary of the Party Committee of Tongji University, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering)

（作者：郑庆华，系上海市习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心研究员、同济大学党委书记、中国工程院院士）