The Great Spirit of Resistance Is a Precious Asset for Forging Rejuvenation

The War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression was the longest, largest, and most costly national liberation struggle waged by the Chinese people against foreign invasion in modern times, and it was also the first national liberation struggle to achieve complete victory. In the magnificent course of the War of Resistance, the Chinese people gave birth to the great spirit of resistance, demonstrating to the world a patriotic sentiment of "everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the nation," a national integrity of facing death unflinchingly and preferring death to surrender, a heroic mettle of defying brute force and fighting to the bitter end, and an indomitable and tenacious conviction of certain victory. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "The great spirit of resistance is a precious spiritual asset of the Chinese people, and it will forever inspire the Chinese people to overcome all difficulties and obstacles and strive for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation." Today's China is at a critical juncture in realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Facing the difficulties and obstacles on the road ahead, and the major tests of stormy waves, we must carry forward the great spirit of resistance, stir up spiritual power and the value of the times, maintain a state of striving with keen enterprise and an indomitable and high-spirited will, concentrate our efforts and forge ahead, and continuously advance from victory to new victories.

抗日战争是近代以来中国人民反抗外敌入侵持续时间最长、规模最大、牺牲最多的民族解放斗争，也是第一次取得完全胜利的民族解放斗争。中国人民在抗日战争的壮阔进程中孕育出伟大抗战精神，向世界展示了天下兴亡、匹夫有责的爱国情怀，视死如归、宁死不屈的民族气节，不畏强暴、血战到底的英雄气概，百折不挠、坚忍不拔的必胜信念。习近平总书记指出：“伟大抗战精神，是中国人民弥足珍贵的精神财富，将永远激励中国人民克服一切艰难险阻、为实现中华民族伟大复兴而奋斗。”今天的中国，正处于实现中华民族伟大复兴的关键时期。面对前进路上的艰难险阻，面对惊涛骇浪的重大考验，我们必须弘扬伟大抗战精神，激扬精神伟力和时代价值，保持锐意进取的奋斗状态和一往无前的昂扬斗志，凝心聚力、砥砺前行，不断从胜利走向新的胜利。

I. The Surge and Splendor of the War of Resistance Forged the Great Spirit of Resistance

一、波澜壮阔的抗日战争铸就了伟大的抗战精神

The Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression is not only a history of blood and fire but also a history of the forging of the national spirit. Every inch of mountains and rivers cost every inch of blood. Facing the aggressive acts of Japanese militarism, the Chinese people rose up in resistance, unleashing the infinite power of national awakening, stimulating the immense energy of an all-people's war, and manifesting the grand momentum of patriotism. The War of Resistance forged the great spirit of resistance, and the spirit of resistance achieved the historic feat of victory in the War of Resistance.

中国人民抗日战争，不仅是一部血与火的战争史，更是一部民族精神的熔铸史。一寸山河一寸血。面对日本军国主义的侵略行径，中国人民奋起反抗，迸发出民族觉醒的无穷威力，激发出全民抗战的巨大能量，彰显出爱国主义的恢宏气势。抗日战争铸就了伟大的抗战精神，抗战精神成就了抗战胜利的历史伟业。

National peril gave birth to the spirit of resistance. In the 1930s, Japanese imperialism launched a large-scale war of aggression against China, vainly attempting to "annihilate China and extinguish our race." Politically, they concocted the puppet state of Manchukuo to dismember China and cultivated puppet regimes to "use Chinese to control Chinese"; militarily, they occupied large swaths of Chinese territory and implemented the "Three Alls" policy [1]1 The "Three Alls" policy (kill all, burn all, loot all) was a scorched-earth tactic systematically implemented by the Japanese Imperial Army in Chinese resistance areas from 1940 onward.; economically, they plundered resources wildly to "sustain the war through war," causing China direct economic losses of US$100 billion and indirect economic losses of US$500 billion at 1937 prices; culturally, they extensively damaged cultural relics and texts and implemented enslavement education. The Japanese invaders burned, killed, looted, and committed every conceivable atrocity, perpetrating the appalling Nanjing Massacre and countless village massacres, and carrying out heinous biological warfare, chemical warfare, and live human experiments. These barbaric acts were an extremely dark chapter in the history of human civilization, pushing the Chinese nation to the brink of national subjugation and genocide. Survival or destruction, independence or national subjugation, freedom or enslavement? This was the choice every Chinese person had to make at that time. Spirit is the soul on which a nation relies for long-term survival; only when a nation reaches a certain height in spirit can it stand firm and advance courageously in the torrent of history. The immense power, heroic spirit, and national self-respect displayed by the entire Chinese people were the backbone of the nation raised in times of crisis, the common will forged to resist foreign aggression and save the nation from extinction. The great spirit of resistance, with its majestic and profound spiritual force, swept away all the chronic ills and accumulated evils since modern times, and was precisely the spiritual symbol of the awakening of this Eastern lion, the Chinese nation, enabling the Chinese nation to achieve a phoenix-like nirvana and rebirth in spirit.

民族危亡催生了抗战精神。20世纪30年代，日本帝国主义发动大规模侵华战争，妄图“灭亡中国、绝我族类”。他们在政治上炮制伪满洲国肢解中国，培植傀儡政权“以华制华”；军事上占领大片中国领土，实行“三光”政策；经济上疯狂掠夺资源“以战养战”，按照1937年的比价，造成中国直接经济损失1000亿美元，间接经济损失5000亿美元；文化上大肆损坏文物典籍，实施奴化教育。日本侵略者烧杀抢掠、无恶不作，制造惨绝人寰的南京大屠杀和数不胜数的屠村惨案，进行令人发指的细菌战、化学战和人体活体试验。这些野蛮暴行，是人类文明史上极其黑暗的一页，把中华民族逼到了亡国灭种的境地。生存还是毁灭、独立还是亡国、自由还是被奴役？是每一个中国人彼时不得不作出的抉择。精神是一个民族赖以长久生存的灵魂，唯有精神上达到一定的高度，这个民族才能在历史的洪流中屹立不倒、奋勇前进。全体中国人民所展现出的磅礴力量、英勇精神、民族自尊，是危难中挺起的民族脊梁，是抵御外辱、救亡图存凝聚起的共同意志。伟大的抗战精神，以磅礴雄浑的精神之力荡涤近代以来的一切沉疴积弊，正是中华民族这个东方雄狮被唤醒的精神标志，使中华民族在精神上实现了凤凰涅槃、浴火重生。

The leadership of the Party stirred up the spirit of resistance. An important reason for the failure of the Chinese people's previous wars against foreign aggression in modern times was the corruption and incompetence of the political ruling clique and the weakness and disunity within the nation. The Communist Party of China, born and growing up amidst internal and external troubles, has taken the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation as its historical mission since its founding, being the most resolute in defending national independence, the most determined in safeguarding national interests, and the bravest in resisting foreign aggression. From advocating the establishment of the Anti-Japanese National United Front to persistently implementing the line of total resistance, from putting forward the general strategic policy of protracted war to implementing a complete set of strategic and tactical methods of people's war, from extensively establishing anti-Japanese base areas to actively opening up battlefields behind enemy lines, the Chinese Communists fought bravely on the front lines of the War of Resistance, supporting the hope of the Chinese nation for national salvation and becoming the mainstay of the entire nation's resistance. In May 1938, facing the rampant theories of "national subjugation" and "swift victory," Comrade Mao Zedong published *On Protracted War*, which concentrated the wisdom of the entire Party and scientifically and systematically elucidated the general policy of protracted resistance. This lengthy text, like the rising sun dispelling clouds, cleared the fog from the hearts of the Chinese people and strengthened the determination and confidence of the entire nation in the resistance. At the historical juncture of national peril, the Communist Party of China, with its outstanding political leadership and correct strategic policies, guided the direction of China's War of Resistance, united and led the people to save the nation from peril, prop up the collapsing edifice, and stem the raging tide, stimulating the infinite creativity and combat effectiveness of the Chinese people with immense cohesion and appeal, enabling the entire nation to lift its spirits and devote itself to the great resistance without hesitation.

党的领导激扬了抗战精神。近代以后，中国人民历次反侵略战争失败的一个重要原因，是政治统治集团的腐朽无能和民族内部软弱涣散。在内忧外患中诞生和成长起来的中国共产党，自成立之日起就把实现中华民族伟大复兴作为自己的历史使命，捍卫民族独立最坚定，维护民族利益最坚决，反抗外来侵略最勇敢。从倡导建立抗日民族统一战线到坚持贯彻全面抗战路线，从提出持久战的战略总方针到实施一整套人民战争的战略战术，从广泛建立抗日根据地到积极开辟敌后战场，中国共产党人勇敢战斗在抗日战争最前线，支撑起中华民族救亡图存的希望，成为全民族抗战的中流砥柱。1938年5月，面对甚嚣尘上的“亡国论”、“速胜论”，毛泽东同志发表《论持久战》，集中全党智慧，科学系统地阐明了持久抗战的总方针。洋洋万言，犹如驱散云翳的旭日，拨开国人心头迷雾，坚定了全民族抗战的决心信心。在民族危亡的历史关头，中国共产党以卓越的政治领导力和正确的战略策略，指引了中国抗战的前进方向，团结带领人民救民族于危亡、扶大厦于将倾、挽狂澜于既倒，以巨大的凝聚力和感召力激发出中国人民无穷的创造力和战斗力，使全民族振奋精神，义无反顾地投身到伟大的抗战之中。

Arduous struggle elevated the spirit of resistance. China's War of Resistance was the most arduous and bitter war in World War II. From 1941 onward, the Japanese army made the anti-Japanese military and civilians led by the Communist Party of China and the anti-Japanese base areas their main targets of attack, repeatedly conducting "mopping-up" and "clearing-out" operations [2]2 "Mopping-up" and "clearing-out" were Japanese counterinsurgency operations targeting Communist-led base areas, involving mass arrests, destruction of villages, and forced relocation of populations.. Under extremely difficult conditions, the Chinese people's anti-Japanese armed forces, undaunted by the powerful enemy, fought to the bitter end with inferior equipment of "millet plus rifles" against 60% of the Japanese invading forces in China and 95% of the puppet troops. On the front lines, in occupied areas, and in the rear areas, countless anti-Japanese heroes stepped forward one after another, indomitable and unyielding. "Unite, face the national calamity, break through the difficulties, and recover our rivers and mountains!" This was not only the oath of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army soldiers at that time but also the common aspiration of the Chinese nation. "Four hundred million people all rise in wrath, united in heart and mind, one in arms" [3]3 A line from a poem by the modern Chinese writer and historian Guo Moruo, evoking the unified national resistance against Japan. completely smashed the Japanese plot to turn all of China into its colony. The stirring and heroic War of Resistance was an epic of struggle composed by the sons and daughters of China with their lives, a true portrayal of the sacrifices and contributions of the Chinese people for the cause of human peace, and a solemn declaration that the Chinese nation cannot be humiliated or bullied. The great spirit of resistance integrated the patriotic sentiments, national integrity, and conviction of certain victory of countless anti-Japanese military and civilians, condensed the awe-inspiring mettle and profound ambition of thousands of anti-Japanese heroes, elevated the Chinese people's national self-respect character, national heroic mettle, national self-strengthening conviction, and national dedication spirit, and erected a spiritual monument shining through the annals of history.

艰苦斗争升华了抗战精神。中国抗战是二战中最艰苦卓绝的战争。从1941年起，日军将中国共产党领导的抗日军民和抗日根据地作为主要进攻对象，反复“扫荡”和“清乡”。在极端艰难的条件下，中国人民抗日武装不畏强敌，以“小米加步枪”的劣势装备，与60％的侵华日军和95％的伪军血战到底。在前线、在沦陷区、在大后方，无数抗日英雄前仆后继，百折不挠。“团结起，赴国难，破难关，夺回我河山！”这不仅是当时东北抗联将士的誓言，也是中华民族的共同心声。“四万万人齐蹈厉，同心同德一戎衣”，彻底粉碎了日本变全中国为其殖民地的阴谋。壮怀激烈的抗日战争，是中华儿女用生命谱写的斗争史诗，是中国人民为人类和平事业牺牲奉献的真实写照，是中华民族不可辱不可欺的庄严宣告。伟大的抗战精神，集成了无数抗日军民的爱国情怀、民族气节和必胜信念，凝炼了千千万万抗战英雄气吞山河的气概、沧海同深的志量，升华了中国人民的民族自尊品格、民族英雄气概、民族自强信念、民族奉献精神，树立了彪炳史册的精神丰碑。

II. The Great Spirit of Resistance Is a Precious Spiritual Asset

二、伟大抗战精神是弥足珍贵的精神财富

If the soul of the nation is not extinguished, the nation can stand. The great spirit of resistance stimulated the immense vitality, cohesion, and combat effectiveness of the Chinese nation, forever flowing in the bloodline of the Chinese nation, becoming an important component of the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists, and becoming an unfading spiritual symbol of the Chinese people's resistance against aggression and foreign invasion.

国魂不灭，国乃可立。伟大抗战精神激发出中华民族的强大生命力、凝聚力、战斗力，永远流淌于中华民族的血脉，成为中国共产党人精神谱系的重要组成部分，成为中国人民反抗侵略、抵御外侮的永不褪色的精神标识。

It embodies the glorious tradition of patriotism of the Chinese nation. Patriotism is the deepest and most enduring emotion in the human world. In the long historical river of the Chinese nation's continuous development over several millennia, patriotism has always been the stirring main theme, always the powerful force inspiring the people of all ethnic groups in China to strive unceasingly for self-improvement. At the moment of the Chinese nation's peril, the patriotic fervor of the Chinese people erupted like a volcano. All compatriots "would rather die than be a slave of a conquered nation," stepped forward, and shared the national calamity. Sichuan Province alone successively dispatched over 400,000 troops in organized formations to participate in the War of Resistance, and also conscripted up to 3 million able-bodied men; women in the Jiaodong region donated 50 taels of gold and 12,400 taels of silver within three months; overseas Chinese donated 217 aircraft of various types over five years; overseas Chinese in Indonesia donated over 100 million quinine pills for treating malaria, enough for 5 million people... Workers, peasants, merchants, students, soldiers, and Chinese sons and daughters at home and abroad all mobilized, converging into a surging torrent to resist the Japanese invaders. It was patriotic sentiment that made the Chinese people unite in hatred against the enemy and pool their strength; it was patriotic will that supported heroic martyrs to sacrifice their family wealth for the nation and fight in blood. The stirring and magnificent patriotic song still echoes today, stirring up the power to forge ahead. Patriotism is a powerful spiritual driving force inspiring the Chinese people to safeguard national independence and national dignity and to advance courageously in the torrent of history; it is a powerful engine driving the ship of the Chinese nation to ride the wind and waves and forge ahead; it is a magnificent banner leading the Chinese people and the Chinese nation to unleash the earth-shattering historical power and overcome all difficulties and obstacles on the road forward.

凝结着中华民族爱国主义的光荣传统。爱国，是人世间最深层、最持久的情感。在中华民族几千年绵延发展的历史长河中，爱国主义始终是激昂的主旋律，始终是激励我国各族人民自强不息的强大力量。在中华民族危亡的时刻，中国人民的爱国热情像火山一样迸发出来。全体同胞“誓死不当亡国奴”，挺身而出，共赴国难。仅四川省就先后派出成建制部队40余万人参加抗战，还征集壮丁达300万人；胶东地区妇女3个月内捐献黄金50两、白银1.24万两；海外华侨5年捐献各种飞机达217架；印尼华侨捐的1亿多粒防治疟疾的金鸡纳霜够500万人服用……工、农、商、学、兵和海内外华夏儿女齐动员，汇成抗击日寇的滚滚洪流。是爱国情，让中华儿女同仇敌忾、众志成城；是爱国志，支撑英雄烈士毁家纾难、浴血奋战。气壮山河的爱国主义壮歌，至今仍回响不绝，激荡奋进力量。爱国主义是激励中国人民维护民族独立和民族尊严、在历史洪流中奋勇向前的强大精神动力，是驱动中华民族这艘航船乘风破浪、奋勇前行的强劲引擎，是引领中国人民和中华民族迸发排山倒海的历史伟力、战胜前进道路上一切艰难险阻的壮丽旗帜。

It radiates the spirit of dauntless revolutionary heroism. The heroic spirit of heaven and earth remains awe-inspiring for millennia. A nation with hope cannot be without heroes; a country with a future cannot be without pioneers. Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out, "Our Chinese nation has the spirit to fight to the death against its enemies." This clearly reveals the heroic character of the Chinese nation, which fears no brutality and regards death as a homecoming. In the unprecedentedly tragic War of Resistance against Japan, Chinese soldiers and civilians united and fought bloodily, advancing bravely in the face of enemy artillery, never hesitating in the face of the threat of death, building a Great Wall of steel to defend the motherland with their flesh and blood, and composing a stirring epic that moves heaven and earth with their revolutionary heroic spirit. The martyred generals Yang Jingyu, Zhao Shangzhi, Zuo Quan, Peng Xuefeng, Tong Linge, Zhao Dengyu, Zhang Zizhong, Dai Anlan, and many heroic groups such as the Eighth Route Army's "Five Heroes of Langya Mountain," the New Fourth Army's "Liu Laozhuang Company," the eight female soldiers of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army, and the Kuomintang army's "Eight Hundred Heroes," are outstanding representatives of the millions of anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians. The heroic spirit of the Chinese soldiers and civilians was just as contemporary newspapers described: "Everyone harbors the determination to die," "vying to die, scrambling to die." Dauntless revolutionary heroism is the creative integration of the Marxist view of heroism with the traditional Chinese spirit of "sacrificing one's life for righteousness." It is the spiritual pillar of revolutionary victory and the driving force of historical change. The revolutionary heroism spirit radiated by the War of Resistance broke through the limitations of individual heroism, forming a people's heroic view of history that "the people are the true creators of history," manifesting a political character that prioritizes the greater good of the nation and places the interests of the people above all else, possessing the unique endowment of daring to struggle, daring to sacrifice, and daring to win. To promote the great spirit of the War of Resistance is to inherit the heroic bloodline of the Chinese nation, to raise high the banner of revolutionary heroism, to honor heroes, learn from heroes, defend heroes, and strive to become heroes.

焕发着大无畏革命英雄主义的精神气概。天地英雄气，千秋尚凛然。一个有希望的民族不能没有英雄，一个有前途的国家不能没有先锋。毛泽东同志指出，“我们中华民族有同自己的敌人血战到底的气概”。这鲜明揭示了中华民族不畏强暴、视死如归的英雄品格。在空前惨烈的抗日战争中，中国军民团结起来、浴血奋战，面对敌人的炮火勇往直前，面对死亡的威胁义无反顾，以血肉之躯筑起了捍卫祖国的钢铁长城，用革命英雄气概谱写了惊天地、泣鬼神的雄壮史诗。杨靖宇、赵尚志、左权、彭雪枫、佟麟阁、赵登禹、张自忠、戴安澜等殉国将领，八路军“狼牙山五壮士”、新四军“刘老庄连”、东北抗联八位女战士、国民党军“八百壮士”等众多英雄群体，就是千千万万抗日将士的杰出代表。中国军民的英雄气概，正如当年报纸所描述的那样，“人人抱必死之心”，“争着死，抢着死”。大无畏革命英雄主义是马克思主义英雄观与中国传统“舍生取义”精神的创造性结合，是革命胜利的精神支柱、历史变革的推动力量。抗日战争焕发的革命英雄主义精神，突破了个人英雄主义的局限，形成了“人民是历史的真正创造者”的人民英雄史观，彰显出以民族大义为重、人民利益高于一切的政治品格，具有敢于斗争、敢于牺牲、敢于胜利的独特禀赋。弘扬伟大抗战精神，就是要传承中华民族英雄血脉，高扬革命英雄主义旗帜，崇尚英雄、学习英雄、捍卫英雄、争当英雄。

It manifests the common values of all humanity, such as justice, peace, and freedom. The Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japan and the World Anti-Fascist War were a great decisive battle between justice and evil, light and darkness, progress and reaction. Countries and peoples of the world that love peace and justice, as well as international organizations, provided valuable assistance to China's War of Resistance. The Soviet Union provided substantial material support to China's war effort; the American "Flying Tigers" risked opening the Hump air route; a large number of anti-fascist fighters from Korea, Vietnam, Canada, India, New Zealand, Poland, Denmark, as well as Germany, Austria, Romania, Bulgaria, Japan, and other countries directly participated in China's War of Resistance. The victory of China's War of Resistance strengthened the world's progressive forces, impacted the old international system of great-power rivalry, and shook the foundations of world colonialism; it saved human civilization, avoided historical regression, and widely disseminated the basic values of freedom, democracy, equality, justice, and peace; it profoundly revealed the great truth that justice will prevail, peace will prevail, and the people will prevail. In today's world, peace and development have become the theme of the times. The great spirit of the War of Resistance is a precious asset left not only to the Chinese people but also to the people of the world. It is like a mirror, allowing people to learn from history and better understand the difficulty and preciousness of peace, and to understand that mutual respect, equal coexistence, peaceful development, and common prosperity are the right path for humanity; it is like a textbook, showing people the cruelty of war, warning future generations that forgetting history means betrayal, and that tragedy must never be allowed to repeat itself; it is like a sobering agent, allowing people to deeply reflect on the laws of historical progress, and to understand that the historical trend of justice defeating evil is unstoppable, and that those who go against the tide of history are bound to fail.

彰显着正义、和平、自由等全人类共同价值。中国人民抗日战争和世界反法西斯战争，是正义与邪恶、光明与黑暗、进步与反动的大决战。世界上爱好和平与正义的国家和人民、国际组织等，对中国抗日战争给予了宝贵援助。苏联给予中国抗战有力的物资支持，美国“飞虎队”冒险开辟驼峰航线，朝鲜、越南、加拿大、印度、新西兰、波兰、丹麦以及德国、奥地利、罗马尼亚、保加利亚、日本等国的一大批反法西斯战士直接投身中国抗战。中国抗日战争的胜利，壮大了世界进步力量，冲击了旧时代列强争霸的国际体系，动摇了世界殖民主义的基础；挽救了人类文明，避免了历史倒退，广泛传播了自由、民主、平等、公正、和平的基本价值；深刻揭示了正义必胜、和平必胜、人民必胜的伟大真理。当今世界，和平与发展成为时代主题。伟大的抗战精神，既是留给中国人民也是留给世界人民的宝贵财富。它如同一面镜子，让人们以史为鉴，更好认识到和平的不易与珍贵，认识到相互尊重、平等相处、和平发展、共同繁荣才是人间正道；如同一本教科书，让人们看到战争的残酷，告诫后人忘记历史就意味着背叛，决不能让悲剧重演；如同一味清醒剂，让人们深刻反思历史前进的规律，明白正义战胜邪恶的历史大势不可阻挡，逆历史潮流而动必然失败。

III. Draw Strong Strength for National Rejuvenation from the Spirit of the War of Resistance

三、从抗战精神中汲取民族复兴的强大力量

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out, "Vigorously promote the great spirit of the War of Resistance, continuously strengthen the spiritual bond of unity and the spiritual motivation of self-reliance, and continue to march forward courageously toward the Chinese Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation." To revisit the years of the War of Resistance is to draw strong strength for national rejuvenation from the spirit of the War of Resistance, and to comfort history and our ancestors with the new achievements of Chinese-path modernization.

习近平总书记指出，“大力弘扬伟大抗战精神，不断增强团结一心的精神纽带、自强不息的精神动力，继续朝着中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦奋勇前进”。重温抗战岁月，就是要从抗战精神中汲取民族复兴的强大力量，用中国式现代化新成就告慰历史、告慰先辈。

Better use it to unite souls and gather spirit. Every advance in history is driven by a great spirit. In contemporary China, which has endured many tribulations, a more magnificent journey has already been laid out at our feet. We are closer to the goal of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation than at any time in history, and we have more confidence and ability to achieve this goal than at any time in history. The more critical such a moment is, the more we need to struggle, and the more we need robust spiritual support for that struggle. To vigorously promote the spirit of the War of Resistance is to guide people to always remember the Party's role as the mainstay during the War of Resistance, to fully recognize that without the Communist Party of China there would have been no comprehensive victory in the War of Resistance, no national independence and liberation, and no bright prospect for national rejuvenation, thereby deepening trust and affection for the Party in their hearts, firmly believing that the Party is the most reliable pillar in times of storm, and more consciously rallying around the Party. We must always use the patriotic sentiment of "everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the nation" to unify the will of the entire nation, inspire the spirit of the entire nation, and gather the strength of the entire nation, striving to find the greatest common denominator and draw the largest concentric circle, forming a vivid situation where all Chinese sons and daughters at home and abroad think in one direction and exert their strength in one place, continuously transforming patriotic fervor and aspirations to serve the country into concrete actions to build and dedicate themselves to the motherland, actively participating in the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics in accordance with the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy, and unremittingly striving to comprehensively advance the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization.

更好用以凝心聚魂。历史的每一次前进，都离不开伟大精神的推动。历尽劫难的当代中国，更加壮阔的征程已在脚下铺展，我们比历史上任何时期都更加接近中华民族伟大复兴的目标，比历史上任何时期都更有信心、更有能力实现这个目标。越是在这样的关键时刻越需要奋斗，越需要雄健的精神支撑奋斗。大力弘扬抗战精神，就是要引导人们始终铭记党在抗战中的中流砥柱作用，充分认清没有中国共产党就没有抗战的全面胜利、民族的独立解放，就没有民族复兴光明前景，从而在内心深处增进对党的信任爱戴，笃定风雨来袭党是最可靠的主心骨，更加自觉团结在党的周围。始终坚持用“天下兴亡、匹夫有责”的爱国情怀来统一全民族意志、振奋全民族精神、凝聚全民族力量，努力寻求最大公约数、画出最大同心圆，形成海内外全体中华儿女心往一处想、劲往一处使的生动局面，不断把爱国热情、报国之志转化为建设祖国、奉献祖国的实际行动，按照“四个全面”的战略布局，积极投身中国特色社会主义建设，为以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴而不懈奋斗。

Better use it to overcome difficulties and tackle tough problems. In today's world, changes unseen in a century are accelerating. On the path forward for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, it will by no means be smooth sailing or plain sailing. We will inevitably face various major challenges, major risks, major resistance, and major contradictions. We must be vigilant against both "black swans" and guard against "gray rhinos." We will inevitably have to cross more "Loushan Passes" and "Lazikou Passes," [4]4 "Loushan Pass" and "Lazikou Pass" are references to difficult mountain passes encountered by the Red Army during the Long March (1934–1935), used here as metaphors for formidable obstacles on the path to national rejuvenation. having not only to breach strongholds and seize passes but also to wade through dangerous shoals and deep waters. We will inevitably experience many uncertain and unpredictable storms, and must be prepared at any time for a great struggle with many new historical features. The great spirit of the War of Resistance, forged by our forebears with their lives and blood, will forever be a powerful spiritual motivation inspiring the Chinese people to overcome all difficulties and obstacles and to strive for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. On the new journey of the New Era, we must enhance our sense of urgency, adhere to bottom-line thinking, scientifically anticipate potential risks, make solid preparations to deal with dangerous situations, predicaments, and chaos, and maintain the strategic composure of "remaining calm amidst chaotic clouds." We must continuously stir up high spirits, keep in mind our original aspiration and founding mission, carry forward the heroic character of fearing no sacrifice, dare to try, dare to break new ground, and dare to be the first, with a sense of responsibility and dedication that says "if not me, then who," opening roads through mountains and building bridges over waters, eliminating all difficulties, and striving for victory. We must continuously strengthen our will and conviction, never fear failure in the face of difficulties, never give up, with the enterprising spirit of "if you don't reach the Great Wall, you're not a true man," refusing to stop until the goal is achieved, and never giving up.

更好用以攻坚克难。当今世界百年未有之大变局加速演进，中华民族伟大复兴的前进路上，绝不会是一马平川、顺风顺水，必然会面对各种重大挑战、重大风险、重大阻力、重大矛盾，既要警惕“黑天鹅”也要防范“灰犀牛”；必然要跨越更多的“娄山关”、“腊子口”，既要闯关夺隘还要涉险滩、趟深水；必然要经历许多不确定难预料的风风雨雨，随时准备进行具有许多新的历史特点的伟大斗争。先辈们用生命和鲜血铸就的伟大抗战精神，永远是激励中国人民克服一切艰难险阻、为实现中华民族伟大复兴而奋斗的强大精神动力。新时代新征程上，我们必须增强忧患意识、坚持底线思维，科学预判潜在风险，扎实做好应对危局困局乱局的充分准备，保持“乱云飞渡仍从容”的战略定力；不断鼓起昂扬的精气神，牢记初心使命，发扬不怕牺牲的英雄品格，敢闯敢试、敢为人先，以舍我其谁的担当和奉献，逢山开道、遇水架桥，排除万难，去争取胜利；不断坚定意志和信念，困难面前不怕失败、百折不回， 以“不到长城非好汉”的进取精神，不达目的誓不收兵、永不言弃。

Better use it to defend peace. On the stone tablet in front of the UNESCO headquarters building is engraved the following sentence: "Since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men that the defenses of peace must be constructed." What the Chinese people have learned from disaster is not the logic of the survival of the fittest, but the responsibility to safeguard world peace. The most valuable lesson left to us by the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japan and the World Anti-Fascist War is that we must unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development. Currently, the world has entered a period of chaos, with frequent waves, surging undercurrents, and the world is still not peaceful. Peace is not obtained by praying, but must be fought for and defended with strength. "A single punch keeps a hundred punches away." [5]5 "A single punch keeps a hundred punches away" is a Chinese idiom popularized by Mao Zedong, referring to the strategic idea that a decisive show of force can deter multiple future threats. If peace is sought through struggle, peace will exist; if peace is sought through compromise, peace will perish. On the new journey, we must both dare to draw our swords and act decisively when the core interests of the state are harmed, and wage a resolute struggle against all words and deeds that beautify wars of aggression and colonial rule and openly challenge international fairness and justice. Without a consolidated national defense and a strong military, there is no means to guarantee peace. To avoid the historical tragedy of being beaten for backwardness and having a nation without defense, we must build a world-class military capable of fighting and winning wars, providing a strong strategic support for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

更好用以捍卫和平。联合国教科文组织总部大楼前的石碑上，镌刻着这样一句话：“战争起源于人之思想，故务需于人之思想中筑起保卫和平之屏障。”中国人民从灾难中学到的不是弱肉强食的逻辑，而是维护世界和平的担当。中国人民抗日战争和世界反法西斯战争的胜利给我们留下的最宝贵的启示，就是必须毫不动摇走和平发展道路。当前，世界进入乱世之秋，波涛频起，暗流涌动，天下仍不太平。和平不是靠祈求得来的，而是要靠斗争去争取，靠实力去捍卫。“打得一拳开，免得百拳来”，以斗争求和平则和平存，以妥协求和平则和平亡。新征程上，我们既要在国家核心利益受到损害时敢于亮剑、断然出手，又要同一切美化侵略战争和殖民统治、公然挑战国际公平正义的言行作坚决斗争。没有一个巩固的国防和强大的军队，和平就没有托底手段。要避免落后挨打、有国无防的历史悲剧重演，我们就必须建设一支能打仗、打胜仗的世界一流军队，为实现中华民族伟大复兴提供坚强的战略支撑。

(Author: Director and Researcher of the Innovation Theory Research Center of the Party of the Academy of Military Sciences)

（作者：军事科学院党的创新理论研究中心主任、研究员）

Online editor: Tongxin

网络编辑：同心