A Three-Dimensional Exploration and Practice of Strengthening the Party’s Overall Leadership

Party leadership is not only the most essential attribute of socialism with Chinese characteristics, but also the greatest strength of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics. During his inspection in Yunnan, General Secretary Xi Jinping made scientific deployments and put forward specific requirements for strengthening Party leadership and Party building, clearly pointing out that Party leadership is the fundamental guarantee for the development of the cause.

党的领导不仅是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征，更是中国特色社会主义制度的最大优势。习近平总书记在云南考察时对加强党的领导和党的建设作出了科学部署，提出了具体要求，明确指出党的领导是事业发展的根本保证。

An important aspect of judging whether the level of Party leadership and Party building in a locality is high or low is to see whether the political ecosystem is good or bad. Deeply studying and comprehending General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important speeches and directives, and fully implementing General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important thoughts on Party building and the Party’s self-revolution, are of great and far-reaching significance for Yunnan Province to strengthen Party leadership and building and to foster a sound political ecosystem. At the same time, this provides the fundamental guidance and scientific compass for creating a new situation for Yunnan’s development in the process of Chinese-path modernization.

看一个地方党的领导和党的建设水平高不高，一个重要方面就是看政治生态好不好。深入学习领会习近平总书记重要讲话和重要指示精神，全面贯彻习近平总书记关于党的建设以及党的自我革命的重要思想，对于云南省加强党的领导和建设、营造良好政治生态具有重大而深远的意义，同时也为中国式现代化进程中开创云南发展新局面提供了根本遵循和科学指南。

Core Guidance: Commanding the Overall Situation with Political Construction

核心引领：以政治建设统领全局

Strengthen the mechanism of political command. In the process of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, upholding the Party’s overall leadership concerns the long-term stability of the country and the well-being and happiness of the people. Political construction is the key to ensuring the comprehensive and in-depth implementation of Party leadership and occupies the primary position. Speaking of politics is concrete; the Two Upholds[1]1 The Two Upholds: Upholding the authority and centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central Committee; upholding the core position of General Secretary Xi Jinping within the Party Central Committee and the Party as a whole. must be reflected in actions to resolutely implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, in the actual results of fulfilling duties and doing one’s own work well, and in the daily words and deeds of Party members and cadres. Party members and cadres at all levels in Yunnan must always take the Party’s political construction as the guide, enhance the Four Consciousnesses[2]2 The Four Consciousnesses: Consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment with the central Party leadership., strengthen the Four Confidences[3]3 The Four Confidences: Confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics., support the Two Establishments[4]4 The Two Establishments: Establishing Xi Jinping’s core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole; establishing the guiding position of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era., and achieve the Two Upholds. They must firm up political convictions, keep to the correct political direction, consolidate the political foundation, guard against political risks, forever maintain political integrity, and improve political capability. They must implement the Party’s overall leadership, political standards, and political requirements throughout the entire process of work and all aspects of the development of the cause, and strive to build “model organs that reassure the Party Central Committee and satisfy the people.” Through ledger management, dynamic tracking, supervision and urging, etc., ensure that the decisions of the Party Central Committee are precisely implemented at the local level. Actively explore the “frontline work method,” prompting cadres to go down to the grassroots, closely integrating central policies with local realities, and try the “project work method” in rural revitalization, striving to effectively improve the efficiency and quality of policy implementation.

强化政治统领机制。在坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的进程中，坚持党的全面领导关乎国家长治久安和人民幸福安康。政治建设是确保党的领导全面、深入落实的关键，处于首要地位。讲政治是具体的，“两个维护”要体现在坚决贯彻党中央决策部署的行动上，体现在履职尽责、做好本职工作的实效上，体现在党员、干部的日常言行上。云南各级机关党员、干部要始终以党的政治建设为统领，增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”、 拥护“两个确立”、做到“两个维护”。要坚定政治信仰、把准政治方向、夯实政治根基、防范政治风险、永葆政治本色、提高政治能力。要把党的全面领导、政治标准、政治要求贯彻到工作全过程和事业发展各方面，着力建设 “让党中央放心、让人民群众满意的模范机关”。通过台账管理、动态跟踪、督查督办等，确保党中央决策在地方精准落地。积极探索“一线工作法”，促使干部下沉基层，将中央政策与地方实际紧密结合，在乡村振兴中尝试“项目工作法”，力求有效提升政策执行的效率和质量。

Deepen the loyalty education system. Deepening the loyalty education system is crucial for strengthening Party leadership. Strict political discipline and political rules are important measures for strengthening Party leadership. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out, “Theoretical cultivation is the core of the comprehensive quality of leading cadres; theoretical maturity is the foundation of political maturity, and political firmness stems from theoretical clarity.” Through methods such as conducting special Party lessons, building red education bases, and carrying out political capability tests, strengthen the political quality of Party members and cadres. Relying on rich red resources such as the Western Yunnan Revolutionary Base Area, carry out immersive educational activities such as “Retracing the Long March,” highlighting distinct revolutionary characteristics of Southwest China. This helps Party members and cadres strengthen their sense of loyalty, enabling Party leadership to better integrate into all aspects of economic and social development, forming a strong cohesive force to promote socialist modernization.

深化忠诚教育体系。深化忠诚教育体系对强化党的领导至关重要。严明政治纪律和政治规矩是强化党的领导的重要举措。习近平总书记指出，“理论修养是领导干部综合素质的核心，理论上的成熟是政治上成熟的基础，政治上的坚定源于理论上的清醒”。要通过开展专题党课、建设红色教育基地、进行政治能力测试等方式，强化党员、干部的政治素养。依托滇西革命根据地等丰富的红色资源，开展“重走长征路”等沉浸式教育活动，突出鲜明的西南革命特色，有助于党员、干部强化忠诚意识，使党的领导更好地融入经济社会发展各个环节，形成推动社会主义现代化建设的强大凝聚力。

Ecological Purification: Systematically Advancing Political Ecosystem Construction

生态净化：系统推进政治生态建设

Precisely govern the root causes of corruption. Precisely governing the root causes of corruption is a key link in purifying the political ecosystem. Leading cadres at all levels must earnestly fulfill their responsibilities for managing the Party and governing it, conduct themselves with integrity and handle affairs fairly, and use their own exemplary actions to promote the continuous purification of the political ecosystem. To comprehensively build a modern socialist society, the key lies in comprehensively strengthening Party leadership and practicing comprehensive and strict governance of the Party. In border ethnic areas, deepening the “three non-corruption” mechanisms[5]5 The “three non-corruption” mechanisms: The integrated promotion of mechanisms ensuring officials dare not be corrupt, cannot be corrupt, and do not want to be corrupt.—advancing the integrated efforts to ensure that officials dare not, cannot, and do not want to be corrupt—is of extraordinary significance for consolidating the Party’s ruling foundation and eradicating the soil that breeds corruption. Through targeted research on the political ecosystem, gain an in-depth understanding of the problems existing in grassroots Party organizations and the cadre corps, providing guidance for solving problems in a targeted manner.

精准治理腐败根源。精准治理腐败根源是净化政治生态的关键环节。各级领导干部要切实履行管党治党责任，作风正派、公道处事，以自身模范行动推动政治生态持续净化。全面建设社会主义现代化，关键在于全面加强党的领导和全面从严治党。在边疆民族地区深化“三不腐”机制，一体推进不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐，对于巩固党的执政根基、铲除腐败滋生的土壤具有非凡意义。要通过政治生态蹲点调研，深入了解基层党组织和干部队伍存在的问题，为针对性地解决问题提供指引。

Innovate supervision methods. Innovating supervision methods is an important measure for maintaining a clean and upright political ecosystem. Establish a normalized political ecosystem assessment mechanism, quantify assessment indicators, and form a closed loop of dynamic monitoring, rectification, and improvement. Yunnan actively explores practical measures such as the “political physical examination form,” quantifying indicators such as the violation rate of cadres, forming a dynamic closed loop of “assessment—rectification—improvement,” providing a scientific basis for precisely governing the root causes of corruption. At the same time, strictly implement the accountability system of “whoever reviews is responsible,” archive and manage each piece of solicited opinion and reply material, ensuring full traceability, verifiability, and comprehensive authenticity. Seriously pursue accountability for behaviors such as lax review, inaccuracy or errors, and abuse of power for personal gain in replying to opinions on Party conduct and clean governance. Furthermore, promote the alignment of intra-Party regulations with local governance regulations to ensure the resilience of institutional implementation.

创新监督手段。创新监督手段是维护风清气正政治生态的重要措施。要建立常态化的政治生态评估机制，量化考核指标，形成动态监测与整改提升的闭环。云南积极探索“政治体检表”等实践举措，对干部违纪率等指标进行量化考核，形成 “评估—整改—提升”的动态闭环，为精准治理腐败根源提供了科学依据。同时，要严格实行“谁审查谁负责”的责任追究制度，对每份征求意见及回复材料进行归档管理，确保全程留痕、有据可查、全面真实，对在党风廉政意见回复中把关不严、失实有误、以权谋私等行为严肃追究责任。此外，要推动党内法规与地方治理法规相衔接，确保制度执行的韧性。

Work Style Construction: Building a Long-Term Governance Mechanism

作风建设：构建长效治理机制

Thoroughly implement the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulations[6]6 The Eight-Point Regulations: A set of rules adopted by the CPC Central Committee in 2012 to improve Party conduct and maintain close ties with the masses, targeting extravagance, formalism, and bureaucratism.. Practicing comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, and advancing the fight against corruption and the construction of a clean government, are important aspects of the great struggle with many new historical features that our Party is currently waging. Among them, practicing comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, and advancing the fight against corruption and the construction of a clean government, are landmark contents of Party building in the New Era. The deepening and implementation of the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulations is a key task for strengthening the Party’s work style construction. Organize Party members and cadres to deeply study General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important expositions on strengthening the Party’s work style construction and the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulations and its implementation rules, advancing work style construction through the integrated method of “study, inspection, and rectification.” Focus on prominent issues such as formalism and bureaucratism, establish problem lists and rectification ledgers, and help improve the pertinence and effectiveness of work style construction.

深入贯彻中央八项规定精神。全面从严治党，推进党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争，是新形势下我们党进行具有许多新的历史特点的伟大斗争的重要方面。其中，全面从严治党、推进党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争是新时代党的建设标志性的内容。中央八项规定精神的深化落实是加强党的作风建设的重点任务。要组织党员、干部深入学习习近平总书记关于加强党的作风建设的重要论述和中央八项规定及其实施细则精神，以“学查改”一体化的方式推进作风建设。聚焦形式主义、官僚主义等突出问题，建立问题清单和整改台账，助力提高作风建设的针对性与有效性。

Strengthen the rigid constraints of discipline. Strengthening the rigid constraints of discipline is an important guarantee for maintaining the Party’s disciplinary system. Treat political discipline and political rules as an untouchable bottom line, and strengthen supervision, discipline enforcement, and accountability. Promote the normalization of discipline education, and enhance the disciplinary consciousness of Party members and cadres by analyzing typical cases and promoting clean governance culture. Strengthen the education and management of Party members and cadres, seriously investigate and deal with various violations of discipline and law, and leave no room for unhealthy tendencies.

强化纪律刚性约束。纪律刚性约束的强化是维护党的纪律体系的重要保障。要将政治纪律和政治规矩作为不可触碰的底线，强化监督执纪问责。推动纪律教育常态化，通过剖析典型案例、宣传廉政文化等方式增强党员干部的纪律自觉。加强党员、干部教育管理，严肃查处各种违规违纪行为，让歪风邪气没有市场。

Organizational Innovation: Forging a Modernized Cadre Corps

组织创新：锻造现代化干部队伍

Reform the cadre selection mechanism; this is the key to building a high-quality cadre corps. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized, “We must integrate the rectification of work styles, the enforcement of discipline, and the fight against corruption, guiding the vast number of Party members and cadres to consciously abide by rules and discipline while boldly starting businesses and undertaking work.” Yunnan must strive to comprehensively boost the spirit and morale of cadres at all levels, establish a personnel selection orientation that emphasizes practical work and actual results; build a cadre corps that dares to take responsibility, start businesses, and undertake work; break the rigid model of seniority-based promotion, and establish an assessment and evaluation system centered on actual performance and public recognition; stimulate the vitality of the cadre corps through methods such as interviews, training, and job adjustments; select cadres with more vitality and a stronger sense of responsibility, and improve the overall quality of the cadre corps.

改革干部选拔机制，这是建设高素质干部队伍的关键。习近平总书记强调，“要把正风肃纪反腐贯通起来，引导广大党员、干部自觉遵规守纪、大胆干事创业”。云南要竭力全面提振各级干部的精气神，树立重实干、重实绩的用人导向；建设一支敢于担当、干事创业的干部队伍；打破论资排辈的僵化模式，建立以实绩和群众公认为核心的考核评价体系；通过约谈、培训、岗位调整等方式激发干部队伍活力；选拔更有活力、更有担当的干部，提升干部队伍的整体素质。

Establish a modernized capacity training system. Establishing a modernized capacity training system is an inevitable requirement for adapting to the development of the New Era. Carry out “specialized capacity training,” cultivating composite cadres for new fields such as the digital economy and green transformation, and enhance the modernization level of cadre capabilities to meet the development requirements of the New Era and promote the innovative development of various undertakings.

建立能力现代化培养体系。能力现代化培养体系的建立是适应新时代发展的必然要求。要开展“专业化能力培训”，针对数字经济、绿色转型等新领域培养复合型干部，提升干部能力现代化水平，以适应新时代发展要求，推动各项事业创新发展。

Establish a fault-tolerance and error-correction mechanism. Establishing a fault-tolerance and error-correction mechanism is an important measure to encourage cadres to take responsibility and act. Encourage cadres to take responsibility and act in reform and innovation, implement the “three distinctions”[7]7 The “three distinctions”: A principle for handling errors in reform and innovation, distinguishing between mistakes made in exploration, violations of discipline due to lack of understanding, and intentional violations of law and discipline. throughout the process of replying to opinions on Party conduct and clean governance, comprehensively consider cadre candidates who perform well in daily work and dare to take responsibility, and propose recommendations for not affecting their use based on distinguishing circumstances, truly reflecting the good orientation of strict management with care.

建立容错纠错机制。容错纠错机制的建立是鼓励干部担当作为的重要举措。要鼓励干部在改革创新中担当作为，将落实“三个区分开来”贯穿党风廉政意见回复工作始终，对日常工作表现优秀、敢于担当尽责的干部人选综合考量，按区分情况提出不影响使用的建议，真正体现严管厚爱的良好导向。

Grassroots Fortresses: Consolidating the Foundation of Border Governance

基层堡垒：夯实边疆治理根基

Implement a classified Party-building model. General Secretary Xi Jinping points out, “To improve the quality of Party building

实施分类化党建模式。习近平总书记指出，“提高中央和国家机关党的建设质量，必须深入分析和准确把握特点和规律”。分类化党建模式的实施是提升基层党建工作成效的重要途径。在云南基层党建工作中，要根据不同领域特点实施分类化党建模式。强化基层党组织功能，深化边疆党建长廊建设，分类指导农村、城市、机关、国有企业、学校、公立医院、“两新”组织党的基层组织建设，分领域推动基层党建工作创特色、出实效、上水平，成为实现党的领导的坚强战斗堡垒。通过“五抓五促”夯实基层基础，选优配强村（社区）党组织书记，探索“党建+乡村振兴”模式，推动资源、服务、管理向基层下沉，增强基层党组织的政治功能和组织功能，巩固党在边疆民族地区的执政根基。

Promote the transformation from concept to effectiveness. The transformation from concept to effectiveness is key to advancing the modernization of grassroots governance. It is necessary to establish a work philosophy of implementing tasks with the spirit of driving a nail, strengthen the efficiency awareness that "today, no matter how late, is still early; tomorrow, no matter how early, is still late," and adhere to the principles of task-based projects, project-based lists, and list-based concretization, so that every task is made concrete and implemented, making "leaving a mark where the foot steps and a trace where the hand grips" [8]8 "Leaving a mark where the foot steps and a trace where the hand grips" (踏石留印、抓铁有痕) is a Chinese idiom popularized by Xi Jinping, emphasizing resolute and forceful implementation of policies, leaving tangible results. a distinctive trait of the vast number of Party members and cadres in Yunnan.

推动从理念到效能的转化。从理念到效能的转化是推动基层治理现代化的关键。要树立以钉钉子精神抓落实的工作理念，强化“今天再晚也是早、明天再早也是晚”的效率意识，坚持任务项目化、项目清单化、清单具体化，让每项工作都实起来、落下去，让“踏石留印、抓铁有痕”成为云南广大党员干部的鲜明特质。

The exploration and practice of Yunnan in strengthening Party leadership and Party building fully demonstrate that only by deeply integrating Party leadership with local realities and systematically advancing political command, style innovation, and organizational empowerment can a positive interaction between the optimization of the political ecosystem and high-quality development be achieved. In the next step, Yunnan should continue to strengthen systematic thinking, focus on new problems and new challenges in practice, transform Party building advantages into governance effectiveness, and contribute Yunnan's experience and practical models to providing a strong guarantee for advancing Chinese-path modernization.

云南在加强党的领导和党的建设方面的探索实践充分表明，唯有将党的领导与地方实际深度融合，系统推进政治统领、作风革新、组织赋能等，才能实现政治生态优化与高质量发展的良性互动。下一步，云南应持续强化系统思维，聚焦实践中的新问题、新挑战，把党建优势转化为治理效能，为推进中国式现代化提供坚强保障贡献云南经验和实践样本。

(This article is a phased result of the National Social Science Fund project "Research on the Innovation of the Mobilization Mechanism of the Communist Party of China's Leadership in Socialist Rule-of-Law Construction" (23XDJ003))

（本文系国家社科基金项目“中国共产党领导社会主义法治建设的动员机制创新研究”（23XDJ003）阶段性成果）

(The authors are the Dean and Professor of the School of Marxism at Yunnan University; Associate Professor of the School of Marxism at Yunnan University)

（作者系云南大学马克思主义学院院长、教授；云南大学马克思主义学院副教授）

Online editor: Tongxin

网络编辑：同心