Experience and Insights of the CPC’s Work Style Construction from the Institute of Party History and Literature of the CPC Central Committee

General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out: “The Party’s work style bears on the Party’s image, on the popular support it enjoys, and on its very survival.” Since its founding, our Party has attached great importance to work style construction, cultivating and carrying forward such fine traditional work styles as integrating theory with practice, maintaining close ties with the masses, conducting criticism and self-criticism, working hard, and seeking truth from facts. A profound summation of the historical experience of the Party’s work style construction holds important revelatory significance for promoting the thorough and substantive implementation of the ongoing study and education campaign on thoroughly implementing the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulations[1]1 The "inner cultivation" (心学) is a reference to the Neo-Confucian school of Lu Jiuyuan and Wang Yangming, which emphasizes intuitive moral knowledge; Xi Jinping adapts this term to describe the cultivation of Party spirit. across the entire Party, and for continuing to advance the normalization and long-term effectiveness of work style construction on the new journey.

习近平总书记指出：“党的作风关系党的形象，关系人心向背，关系党的生死存亡。”我们党自成立之日起，就高度重视作风建设，培育并发扬了理论联系实际、密切联系群众、批评和自我批评以及艰苦奋斗、求真务实等优良传统作风。深刻总结党的作风建设的历史经验，对推动全党正在开展的深入贯彻中央八项规定精神学习教育走深走实，对新征程上继续推进作风建设常态化长效化，具有重要启示意义。

Grasping Party Spirit as the Fundamental Issue in Work Style Construction

抓住党性这个作风建设的根本问题

General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out: “Work style problems are fundamentally

习近平总书记指出：“作风问题根本上是党性问题”，“只有在立根固本上下功夫，才能防止歪风邪气近身附体”。一路走来，我们党始终抓住党性这个作风建设的根本问题，引导党员、干部加强党性锻炼、坚定理想信念、不断改造主观世界，筑牢了作风建设的根基。

Taking the tempering of Party spirit as the foundation. Party spirit is the cornerstone for Party members and cadres to establish themselves, pursue their careers, articulate their views, and cultivate their virtue; in the final analysis, it is a matter of stance. Our Party deeply grasps the fundamental requirements of Marxist party-building theory, emphasizing that "Party spirit is a common nature, a universal nature, a nature possessed by every Party member," and insists on making Party spirit education and Party spirit tempering a foundational task, thereby forever preserving the Party's advanced nature and purity, and continuously creating new great achievements with a fine conduct and image. As early as 1921, the First Program of the Communist Party of China, adopted at the First National Congress, stipulated a series of principles, such as that before joining the Party, a member "must sever all connections with any faction or group that attempts to oppose the Party's program," and that "when the Party is in a secret state, the Party's important propositions and the identity of Party members shall be kept confidential." On the basis of summing up both positive and negative experiences in Party building, in July 1941, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee adopted the first document since the Party's founding with the theme of strengthening Party spirit, the "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Strengthening Party Spirit." Since then, strengthening Party spirit tempering has become an important part of Party building. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has focused on grasping conduct through Party spirit and improving conduct by seizing Party spirit, winning the trust and support of the people with a new atmosphere in conduct improvement. In December 2015, at the National Conference on Party School Work, General Secretary Xi Jinping put forward the important thesis that "Party spirit education is a required course for Communists to cultivate their moral character, and it is also the 'inner cultivation' of Communists," expanding and enriching the understanding of Party spirit education, which has also become an important lever for comprehensive and strict governance of the Party and strengthening the improvement of the Party's conduct in the New Era.

以锤炼党性为基础。党性是党员、干部立身、立业、立言、立德的基石，说到底就是立场问题。我们党深刻把握马克思主义建党学说的根本要求，强调“党性是共同的性质、普遍的性质，全党每一个人都有的性质”，坚持把党性教育、党性锻炼作为基础性工作来抓，从而永葆党的先进性、纯洁性，以好作风好形象不断创造新伟业。早在1921年，党的一大通过的《中国共产党第一个纲领》就规定了党员在入党前“必须与企图反对本党纲领的党派和集团断绝一切联系”，“在党处于秘密状态时，党的重要主张和党员身份应保守秘密”等一系列原则。在总结党的建设正反两方面经验基础上，1941年7月，中央政治局通过了建党以来第一份以增强党性为主题的文件《中共中央关于增强党性的决定》。自此以后，加强党性锻炼成为党的建设的重要内容。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央注重透过作风抓党性，抓住党性改作风，以作风建设新气象赢得人民群众信任拥护。2015年12月，习近平总书记在全国党校工作会议上提出“党性教育是共产党人修身养性的必修课，也是共产党人的‘心学’”的重要论断，拓展和丰富了对党性教育的认识，党性教育也成为新时代全面从严治党、加强党的作风建设的一个重要抓手。

Taking the firming of ideals and convictions as the foundation. To maintain and develop the Party's fine conduct, firming ideals and convictions is the foundation. Our Party focuses on firmly establishing ideals and convictions, the "root" of Communists, thereby forging an indestructible body and withstanding one test after another. At a time when the Great Revolution suffered severe setbacks, Xu Teli, an old educator over fifty years old, faced raging storms with unwavering conviction and resolutely joined the Communist Party of China, being highly praised as a "textbook without words." During the Yan'an period, the Communists' spirit of "ideals above all" moved many visitors. The American John Colling deeply felt that "their clothes were ragged, their equipment lacked guns and ammunition, but they had the spirit to fight for their goals." The belief in Marxism and the conviction in socialism and communism are the source of power for Communists to ultimately "defeat the Xi'an style with the Yan'an style" and establish New China, and they are also the spiritual pillar for Communists to remain true to their original aspiration and founding mission and withstand any test. Shortly after the 18th National Congress of the CPC, in November 2012, when presiding over the first collective study session of the Political Bureau of the 18th Central Committee, General Secretary Xi Jinping discussed how to ensure that the Party always remains the strong leading core of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The first point was to firm up ideals and convictions, emphasizing that this is the "calcium" in the spirit of Communists. The Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core regards firming ideals and convictions as a fundamental issue concerning the spiritual strength and future and destiny of a Marxist political party and a socialist country, takes using the Party's innovative theory to consolidate souls and build spirit as the fundamental task of ideological construction, successively carried out eight rounds of centralized intra-Party education, and continuously deepened the armed efforts with the Party's innovative theory, achieving remarkable results in supplementing calcium, strengthening bones, and building a strong body.

以坚定理想信念为根本。保持和发扬党的优良作风，坚定理想信念是根本。我们党注重把理想信念这个共产党人的“本”牢固树立起来，从而炼就金刚不坏之身，经受住一次又一次考验。在大革命遭受严重挫折之际，年逾半百的老教育家徐特立面对狂风恶浪而信念笃定，毅然加入中国共产党，被盛赞为“没有字的教科书”。延安时期，共产党人“理想至上”的精神感染了许多到访者，美国人约翰·科林深有感触地说：“他们的衣服破烂不堪，他们的装备缺枪少弹，但他们有为目标奋斗的精神。”对马克思主义的信仰，对社会主义和共产主义的信念，是共产党人最终“用延安作风打败西安作风”、建立新中国的动力源泉，也是共产党人不忘初心、牢记使命，经受住任何考验的精神支柱。党的十八大后不久，2012年11月，习近平总书记在主持十八届中央政治局第一次集体学习时，讲到如何确保党始终成为中国特色社会主义事业的坚强领导核心问题，第一条就是坚定理想信念，强调这是“共产党人精神上的‘钙’”。以习近平同志为核心的党中央把坚定理想信念作为事关马克思主义政党、社会主义国家的精神力量和前途命运的根本问题，把用党的创新理论凝心铸魂作为思想建设的根本任务，接续开展8次党内集中教育，推动党的创新理论武装不断深入，取得了补钙壮骨、强身健体的显著成效。

Historical experience enlightens us: when the root is established, the Way is born; when the root is upright, the form gathers. Conduct reflects image and quality, but what plays a decisive role is Party spirit, and the strength of Party spirit is in turn determined by whether ideals and convictions are firm. On the new journey, we must take tempering Party spirit and raising ideological awareness as a lifelong task, learning, studying, and cultivating ourselves until old age, consciously drawing nourishment for Party spirit from the Party's innovative theory, consciously using the Party's innovative theory to transform the subjective world, and building a solid foundation of faith, supplementing the calcium of the spirit, and steadying the helm of thought.

历史经验启示我们：本立而道生，本正而形聚。作风反映的是形象和素质，但起决定作用的是党性，而党性强弱又决定于理想信念是否坚定。新征程上，我们必须把锤炼党性、提高思想觉悟作为终身课题，活到老、学到老、修养到老，自觉从党的创新理论中汲取党性滋养，自觉用党的创新理论改造主观世界，筑牢信仰之基、补足精神之钙、把稳思想之舵。

Closely grasping the key of maintaining the Party's flesh-and-blood ties with the people

紧扣保持党同人民群众血肉联系这个关键

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "The core of the conduct issue is the Party's relationship with the people," and "strengthening conduct improvement must closely grasp the key of maintaining the Party's flesh-and-blood ties with the people." Along the way, our Party has always implemented the fundamental purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly, placed the people in the highest position in its heart, adhered to the mass viewpoint, practiced the mass line, stood firm on the people's stance, cultivated deep feelings for the people, and consolidated the fundamental foothold of conduct improvement.

习近平总书记指出：“作风问题核心是党同人民群众的关系问题”，“加强作风建设必须紧扣保持党同人民群众血肉联系这个关键”。一路走来，我们党始终贯彻全心全意为人民服务的根本宗旨，把人民放在心中最高位置，坚持群众观点，践行群众路线，站稳人民立场，厚植为民情怀，夯实了作风建设的根本落脚点。

Deeply understanding the Party's flesh-and-blood ties with the people. Our Party requires the vast majority of Party members to adhere to the mass viewpoint, to always remember who they are, for whom they act, and on whom they rely, thereby establishing the fundamental stance of conduct improvement. During the revolutionary war years, the Party often compared the Party-mass and military-civilian relations to a fish-water relationship. This fish-water relationship built a very secure iron wall for us. Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out, "What is a true iron wall? It is the masses, the millions upon millions of people who truly and sincerely support the revolution. That is a true iron wall, which no force can break, absolutely cannot break." Under the new historical conditions of reform and opening up, Comrade Deng Xiaoping warned the whole Party that if it "becomes divorced from the masses and cannot resolutely correct this, it will lose the source of its strength and will certainly fail." Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, General Secretary Xi Jinping has clearly put forward the important thesis that "the country is the people, the people are the country; to defend the country and govern the country, one must defend the hearts of the people," and affectionately stated: "In front of the people, we are forever primary school students," "If we treat the masses as our relatives, the masses will treat us as their relatives," "Whether facing high winds and rough waves or raging storms, the people are forever our most solid support and our greatest confidence." Standing at such a height of understanding, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, in the practice of governing the country, insists on sharing blessings and hardships with the masses, sharing salt when there is salt and sharing blandness when there is none, writing a new chapter of putting the people first.

深刻认识党同人民群众的血肉联系。我们党要求广大党员坚持群众观点，牢记我是谁、为了谁、依靠谁，从而站稳作风建设的根本立场。革命战争年代，党常将党群、军民关系比作鱼水关系。这种鱼水关系，为我们建造了一道十分安全的铜墙铁壁。毛泽东同志指出，“真正的铜墙铁壁是什么？是群众，是千百万真心实意地拥护革命的群众。这是真正的铜墙铁壁，什么力量也打不破的，完全打不破的”。在改革开放新的历史条件下，邓小平同志提醒全党，如果“脱离群众而不能坚决改正，那就丧失了力量的源泉，就一定要失败”。党的十八大以来，习近平总书记明确提出“江山就是人民、人民就是江山，打江山、守江山，守的是人民的心”的重要论断，深情指出：“在人民面前，我们永远是小学生”，“我们把群众当亲人，群众就会把我们当亲人”，“无论是风高浪急还是惊涛骇浪，人民永远是我们最坚实的依托、最强大的底气”。站在这样的认识高度上，以习近平同志为核心的党中央在治国理政实践中，坚持与群众有福同享、有难同当，有盐同咸、无盐同淡，书写了人民至上的崭新篇章。

Through effective measures, the Party has always kept its heart and mind with the people, breathing the same breath and sharing the same fate. Our Party has proposed and practiced the mass line as its fundamental working line, effectively solving the people’s urgent, difficult, and anxious problems, implementing the fundamental purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly, thereby gaining the people’s genuine support and truly strengthening the Party-mass relationship. In 1929, Comrade Mao Zedong emphasized during a training class for land revolution cadres: “Every Communist Party member must, like a monk chanting ‘Amitabha,’ constantly recite ‘winning over the masses’ at all times and places; this is the Party’s protective talisman.” Seeing that Soviet area cadres genuinely sought benefits and solved difficulties for the masses, the people sincerely said: “The Communist Party is truly good; it thinks of everything for us.” Comrade Xi Zhongxun, praised by Comrade Mao Zedong as “a mass leader who emerged from the masses,” repeatedly stressed the need to “firmly sit on the side of the common people,” always treating the people’s affairs as his own and resolving them with heart and feeling. Consequently, “when the masses had doubts, they would say: go find Zhongxun.” After reform and opening up, to prevent Party members and cadres from degenerating and becoming alienated from the masses, the Party successively issued several decisions on strengthening the Party’s connection with the masses, strengthening and improving the Party’s work style, and strengthening the Party’s governing capacity. By practicing the mass line, it effectively solved problems and did practical things for the masses, cementing the Party-mass relationship. Shortly after the conclusion of the 18th National Congress of the CPC

以有效举措使党始终与人民心连心、同呼吸、共命运。我们党提出并践行群众路线这一根本工作路线，有效解决群众急难愁盼问题，把全心全意为人民服务的根本宗旨落到实处，从而得到群众真心拥护，让党群关系真正密切起来。1929年，毛泽东同志在给土地革命干部训练班授课时强调：“我们每个共产党员，都要如和尚念‘阿弥陀佛’那样，随时随地都要念叨‘争取群众’，这是共产党的护身法宝”。看到苏区干部切实为群众谋利益、解难题，群众由衷地说：“共产党真正好，什么事情都替我们想到了。”习仲勋同志被毛泽东同志誉为“一个从群众中走出来的群众领袖”，他反复强调要“把屁股端端地坐在老百姓这一方面”，总是把群众的事情当作自己的事情，用心用情予以解决，因此，“当群众有疑难时，就说：找仲勋去”。改革开放以后，为了防范党员、干部腐化变质、脱离群众，党先后作出关于加强党同人民群众联系、加强和改进党的作风建设、加强党的执政能力建设等多个决定，通过践行群众路线，切实为群众解难题、办实事，密切党群关系。党的十八大刚刚闭幕，习近平总书记在带领十八届中央政治局常委同中外记者见面时，开宗明义指出：“人民对美好生活的向往，就是我们的奋斗目标。”以习近平同志为核心的党中央重信践诺，提出并践行以人民为中心的发展思想，把“乡亲们是哭还是笑”当作“党中央的政策好不好”的衡量标准，把为民办事、为民造福作为最重要的政绩，努力把就业、教育、医疗、社保、住房、养老、食品安全、生态环境、社会治安等问题一个一个解决好，持续增强人民群众获得感、幸福感、安全感，不断把人民对美好生活的向往变为现实。

In recent years, various localities have continuously deepened efforts to reduce burdens, freeing grassroots units from the constraints of formalism and bureaucracy. The vast number of grassroots cadres have been able to act with greater freedom and travel lighter, gaining more time and energy to focus on implementation, promote development, and handle practical matters. The photo shows citizens consulting at a “matters that cannot be handled” window at the Government Service Center of Panggezhuang Town, Daxing District, Beijing, on March 25, 2024. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Xin.

近年来，各地持续深化减负工作，把基层从形式主义、官僚主义的束缚中解脱出来，广大基层干部放开手脚、轻装前行，有更多时间和精力抓落实、促发展、办实事。图为2024年3月25日，北京市大兴区庞各庄镇政务服务中心内，市民在反映“办不成事”窗口咨询。 新华社记者 李欣/摄

Historical experience teaches us: the rise of a government lies in following the people’s will; its fall lies in defying it. [5]5 The "Four Forms of Decadence" (四风) refers to formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, which were identified as key targets for rectification in the CPC's mass-line education campaign launched in 2013. The people’s will is the greatest political asset. Maintaining a flesh-and-blood bond with the masses is the Party’s greatest political strength and the foundation of its invincibility. On the new journey, we must faithfully follow the Party’s mass line for the New Era, always bearing in mind the people’s hardships and constantly devising policies to enrich them. We must deeply root the mass viewpoint and mass line in our thinking and concretely translate them into action, continuously realizing, safeguarding, and developing the fundamental interests of the broadest majority of the people, thereby consolidating the most reliable mass foundation for the Party’s long-term governance.

历史经验启示我们：政之所兴在顺民心，政之所废在逆民心。民心是最大的政治，保持同人民群众的血肉联系，是我们党最大的政治优势，也是我们党立于不败之地的根基。新征程上，我们必须走好新时代党的群众路线，心中常思百姓疾苦，脑中常谋富民之策，把群众观点、群众路线深深植根于思想中、具体落实到行动上，不断实现好、维护好、发展好最广大人民根本利益，筑牢党长期执政最可靠的群众根基。

Improving work style must proceed from the top down, with those above setting an example for those below.

改进作风必须自上而下、以上率下

General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out: “A work style takes shape from above; customs are transformed from below,” and “In improving work style, leading cadres setting a good example is a silent demonstration.” Throughout its journey, the Party has always required leading cadres at all levels, especially senior leading cadres, to take the lead in transforming and improving their work style, practicing what they preach and setting an example from above, thereby seizing the initiative in work style improvement.

习近平总书记指出：“风成于上，俗化于下”，“在作风建设方面，领导干部带好头是无声的示范”。一路走来，我们党始终要求各级领导干部特别是高级领导干部带头转变和改进作风，身体力行、以上率下，掌握了作风建设的主动权。

Firmly grasp the “key minority” of leading cadres. [6]6 "政通人和" (zhèng tōng rén hé) and "海晏河清" (hǎi yàn hé qīng) are classical Chinese four-character idioms. The former means "efficient government and harmonious people"; the latter, literally "calm seas and clear rivers," is a metaphor for peace and order throughout the realm. The Party has started with this “key minority,” requiring leading cadres at all levels to “correct others by first correcting themselves” and “dare to take the knife to themselves,” so that solving work style problems can proceed with irresistible force and improving work style can achieve immediate results. In 1947, Comrade Zhu De, when discussing the issue of transforming work style, pointed out: “To observe discipline, we must first start from the top.” “Chairman Mao and I did this during the Jinggangshan period—whatever we stipulated, we ourselves were the first to observe.” After the founding of New China, Comrade Zhou Enlai said to the staff around him: “As the Premier, if I set a good example, it influences a large area; if I set a bad example, it also influences a large area. Therefore, I must strictly demand of myself.” Comrade Chen Yun, during his tenure as First Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, stated: “If leading cadres take the lead in abiding by the law, those below will not dare to act recklessly. If the leadership itself opens a loophole, then chaos will ensue below.” These plain words profoundly illustrate: on the issue of work style improvement, although leading cadres are the “minority,” their role is “critical.” In November 2012, at the first meeting of the 18th Central Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Central Political Bureau, General Secretary Xi Jinping clearly emphasized: “For building a clean and honest Party and fighting corruption, the key lies with leading cadres, especially the central leadership taking the lead.” Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, with the sober awareness and self-consciousness that “how the central leadership acts, how the upper echelons act, how leading cadres act—the entire Party is watching,” has grasped the “key minority” of leading cadres, starting with the Central Political Bureau, leading the Party’s work style improvement in the New Era to take on a new look.

牢牢抓住领导干部这个“关键少数”。我们党从“关键少数”着手，要求各级领导干部“正人先正己”，“敢于拿自己开刀”，从而解决作风问题才能势如破竹，改进工作作风才能立竿见影。1947年，朱德同志在讲到转变作风问题时指出：“守纪律要首先从上边守”，“我们和毛主席在井冈山时就是这样，规定了什么就自己首先遵守”。新中国成立后，周恩来同志对身边工作人员说：“我身为总理，带一个好头，影响一大片；带一个坏头，也影响一大片。所以，我必须严格要求自己。”陈云同志在担任中央纪委第一书记期间指出：“领导干部带头守法，下面就不敢乱来，领导要是自己开了口子，那下面就乱套了。”这些朴实的话语深刻说明：在作风建设问题上，领导干部虽然是“少数”，但作用很“关键”。2012年11月，习近平总书记在十八届中央政治局常委会、中央政治局第一次会议上就明确强调：“党风廉政建设，关键在领导干部，特别是中央要带头。”党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央以“中央怎么做，上层怎么做，领导干部怎么做，全党都在看”的清醒和自觉，抓住领导干部这个“关键少数”，从中央政治局抓起，引领新时代党的作风建设呈现新气象。

Promote the formation of a “leadership effect” where leading cadres go first and set an example. [7]7 "激浊扬清" (jī zhuó yáng qīng) is a four-character idiom meaning "to wash away the filth and let the clear flow," i.e., to eliminate evil and promote good. The Party requires leading cadres at all levels to lead by example, from top to bottom, with each level grasping the work of the level below and each level driving the level below, transmitting pressure layer by layer and ensuring implementation at every level, thereby continuously achieving new progress in leading work style improvement and driving the formation of a good Party conduct, government conduct, and social atmosphere. During the revolutionary war years, amid a hail of bullets, when cadres charged ahead, there was no need for speeches or mobilization—soldiers would automatically follow. During the Yan’an period, Comrade Mao Zedong and other central leaders took the lead in opening up wasteland for farming, carrying manure baskets on their backs, and spinning cotton yarn, driving the Great Production Movement forward with vigor. In the new period of reform and opening up, in November 1979, the Central Committee of the CPC and the State Council issued the “Several Provisions on the Living Standards of Senior Cadres,” which made strict and detailed regulations on housing, vehicle use, and other matters for senior cadres, opposing privilege-seeking through concrete actions, and played the role of “if senior cadres take the lead, this matter becomes easy to handle.” Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Central Political Bureau has taken the lead in improving work style, formulating and strictly implementing the Eight-Point Regulations, setting an example for the entire Party in improving work style. Regarding the Eight-Point Regulations, General Secretary Xi Jinping has taken a clear stance, emphasizing that “comrades of

推动形成领导干部走在前、做示范的“头雁效应”。我们党要求各级领导干部以身作则、由上而下，一级抓一级、一级带一级，层层传导压力、层层抓好落实，从而引领作风建设不断取得新进展，带动形成良好的党风政风社风。革命战争年代，在枪林弹雨中，干部在前面一冲，不用讲话，不用动员，战士们会自动地跟上来。延安时期，毛泽东等中央领导同志带头开荒种地、背篓拾粪、捻棉纺纱，带动大生产运动如火如荼开展。改革开放新时期，1979年11月，中共中央、国务院发出《关于高级干部生活待遇的若干规定》，就高级干部住房、用车等作了严格细致规定，以实际行动反对特殊化，发挥了“高级干部带头，这个事情就好办了”的作用。党的十八大以来，中央政治局带头改进作风，制定出台并严格执行中央八项规定，以实际行动给全党改进作风作表率。对于中央八项规定，习近平总书记态度鲜明，强调“中央政治局同志从我本人做起”，以身作则，率先垂范。制定实施中央八项规定，是党在新时代的徙木立信之举，起到了“一子落地，作风建设满盘皆活”的效果。中央八项规定已成为党的作风建设的代名词，成为新时代中国共产党人的一张“金色名片”，党在人民心中的形象实现重塑。

Historical experience teaches us: to correct others, one must first correct oneself; only by correcting oneself can one correct others. The work style of cadres is a barometer for the people to observe and evaluate the Party's style of work. Leading cadres leading by example and starting from themselves constitute a silent requirement and a wordless call. On the new journey, we must educate and guide leading cadres at all levels to have a higher understanding of work style construction, to study it more deeply, and to practice it first, to thoroughly implement the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulations, to consciously struggle against privileged thinking and phenomena, to take the lead in transforming and improving work style, to be brave in self-revolution, to actively take on responsibilities, and to charge ahead and take the lead in further deepening reform comprehensively and advancing Chinese-path modernization.

历史经验启示我们：正人必先正己，正己才能正人。干部作风是人民群众观察评价党风的晴雨表，领导干部以身作则、从己做起，是无言的要求、无声的号召。新征程上，我们必须教育引导各级领导干部对作风建设认识高一层、学习深一步、实践先一着，深入贯彻中央八项规定精神，自觉同特权思想和特权现象作斗争，带头转变和改进作风，勇于自我革命，积极担当作为，在进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化中冲在前、干在先。

Work style construction must adhere to simultaneously establishing the new and abolishing the old.

作风建设要坚持立破并举

General Secretary Xi Jinping points out: "Work style construction is a process of simultaneously establishing the new and abolishing the old, and supporting the upright and eliminating the evil," and "we must persist in correcting the 'Four Forms of Decadence' [5]5 The "Four Forms of Decadence" (四风) refers to formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, which were identified as key targets for rectification in the CPC's mass-line education campaign launched in 2013. and fostering new practices simultaneously." Along the way, our Party has always remained true to its original aspiration, promoted clean and upright practices, cultivated a positive and healthy intra-Party political culture, resolutely corrected unhealthy tendencies and evil practices with an iron fist, eliminated all factors that harm the Party's advanced nature and purity, and found effective methods for work style construction.

习近平总书记指出：“作风建设是立破并举、扶正祛邪的过程”，“要坚持纠‘四风’和树新风并举”。一路走来，我们党始终不忘初心，弘扬清风正气，涵养积极健康的党内政治文化，以铁腕纠治歪风邪气，清除一切损害党的先进性和纯洁性的因素，找到了作风建设的管用办法。

Localities focus on clues to issues in the field of people’s livelihood, keep a close watch on persons and matters that infringe upon the vital interests of the masses, and continuously rectify unhealthy tendencies and corruption around the masses. The picture shows on March 26, 2025, discipline inspection and supervision cadres from Rizhao City, Shandong Province, inquiring with tea farmers in Jufeng Town, Lanshan District, about the use of rural revitalization funds and the income from industrial projects. Xinhua News Agency, photo by Zhu Yuanli.

各地聚焦民生领域问题线索，紧盯侵害群众切身利益的人和事，持续整治群众身边不正之风和腐败问题。图为2025年3月26日，山东省日照市纪检监察干部在岚山区巨峰镇向茶农了解乡村振兴资金使用、产业项目收益等情况。 新华社发 朱元理/摄

Promote healthy trends and foster new practices, driving the entire Party to uphold virtue, goodness, and emulation of the worthy, and using a fine Party conduct to guide social conduct and public sentiment. Our Party, by grasping typical cases and setting up role models, establishes a clear orientation for improving work style, guiding the broad ranks of Party members and cadres to understand “what should be done,” and continuously raising the level of work style construction. In the Central Soviet Area, cadres at all levels in Xingguo County went deep into reality and created a fine practice of Party members and cadres “taking the lead in ten aspects.” Comrade Mao Zedong inscribed the four characters “Model Xingguo,” calling on Soviet area cadres to learn from Xingguo County. After the founding of New China, a large number of advanced models such as Lei Feng, Jiao Yulu, Wang Jinxi, and Wang Jie continuously emerged. “Lei Feng Spirit” and “Jiao Yulu Spirit” are forever engraved in the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists, enduring and ever new. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has established and improved the system of honors and awards for the Party and the state, commending advanced models and meritorious figures. Among those honored, many are Communists who have long fought on the front lines of various industries and in grassroots areas, such as Zhang Fuqing, Huang Danian, and Huang Wenxiu. The loyal faith, family-country sentiment, and striving spirit embodied in them inspire all Party members to strengthen their qualities, improve their work style, and make new achievements, using a fine Party conduct to drive social conduct and public sentiment ever upward and toward goodness.

扬正气、树新风，推动全党崇德向善、见贤思齐，以优良党风引领社风民风。我们党通过抓典型、树榜样，为改进作风树立了鲜明导向，引导广大党员、干部弄清楚“哪些应该做”，不断提升作风建设的水平。在中央苏区，兴国县各级干部深入实际，创造了党员、干部“十带头”的好风尚。毛泽东同志题写“模范兴国”4个字，号召苏区干部向兴国县学习。新中国成立后，雷锋、焦裕禄、王进喜、王杰等一大批先进典型不断涌现。“雷锋精神”、“焦裕禄精神”等永远镌刻在中国共产党人精神谱系中，历久弥新。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央建立健全党和国家功勋荣誉表彰制度，对先进典型和功勋模范进行表彰。受表彰者中许多是长期奋战在各行各业一线以及基层地区的共产党员，如张富清、黄大年、黄文秀等，他们身上所体现的忠诚信仰、家国情怀和奋斗精神，激励着全体党员强素质、改作风、建新功，以优良党风带动社风民风不断向上向善。

Rectify unhealthy practices and suppress evil tendencies, persist in integrating the rectification of work style, strict discipline, and anti-corruption, and promptly eliminate all viruses that erode the healthy body of the Party. Unhealthy tendencies and corruption are mutually reinforcing and share the same root. Unhealthy tendencies breed and conceal corruption, while corrupt practices fuel and exacerbate unhealthy tendencies, even giving rise to new work style problems. Our Party, through anti-corruption and the removal of malignant tumors, promptly rectifies corrupt and degenerate tendencies and emerging issues, alerting the broad ranks of Party members and cadres to understand “what must not be done,” and resolutely holding the bottom line of work style construction. In August 1926, the Party Central Committee issued the Party’s first anti-corruption document, the “Circular of the Enlarged Meeting of the Central Committee of the CPC — Resolutely Clean Out Corrupt and Degenerate Elements,” effectively purifying the Party’s ranks. During the Yan’an period, our Party launched a rectification movement against subjectivism, sectarianism, and Party stereotypes, creating a successful example of strengthening the Party’s work style through rectification. After the founding of New China, Comrade Mao Zedong emphasized: “Bureaucratism, this bad style left over from the old society, if not swept with a broom once a year, will spring up again with the spring breeze.” From 1950 to 1955, over six years, the Party successively launched five struggles against bureaucratism, promoting the development of various undertakings in the early days of New China with a fine work style. After reform and opening up, in October 1983, the Party Central Committee made a decision on Party consolidation, correcting unhealthy tendencies of using power for personal gain and irresponsibility toward the Party and the people, further purifying the Party’s organization. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has rectified the “Four Forms of Decadence” with

纠歪风、压邪气，坚持正风肃纪反腐相贯通，及时清除一切侵蚀党的健康肌体的病毒。不正之风和腐败问题互为表里、同根同源。不正之风滋生掩藏腐败，腐败行为助长加剧不正之风、甚至催生新的作风问题。我们党通过反腐败、除毒瘤，及时整治腐败变质的倾向性苗头性问题，警醒广大党员、干部弄清楚“哪些不能做”，坚决守住作风建设的底线。1926年8月，党中央发出党的历史上第一个反腐文件《中共中央扩大会议通告——坚决清洗贪污腐化分子》，有效净化了党员队伍。延安时期，我们党开展了一场反对主观主义、宗派主义和党八股的整风运动，开创了以整风方式加强党的作风建设的成功范例。新中国成立后，毛泽东同志强调：“官僚主义这种旧社会遗留下来的坏作风，一年不用扫帚扫一次，就会春风吹又生了。”从1950年到1955年的6年时间里，党连续开展5次反对官僚主义的斗争，以优良作风推动了新中国成立之初各项事业的发展。改革开放后，1983年10月，党中央作出关于整党的决定，纠正利用职权谋取私利、对党对人民不负责任的不正之风，使党的组织进一步纯洁。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央以钉钉子精神纠治“四风”，刹住了一些长期没有刹住的歪风，纠治了一些多年未除的顽瘴痼疾；以“得罪千百人、不负十四亿”的使命担当祛疴治乱，坚决打赢反腐败这场输不起的斗争，使党风政风焕然一新。

Historical experience tells us: only by simultaneously establishing what is correct and abolishing what is erroneous, and by supporting what is upright and suppressing what is evil, can we achieve political harmony, smooth governance, and a clean and tranquil society. Paying attention both to promoting healthy practices and fostering new customs, while resolutely correcting unhealthy tendencies and suppressing evil influences—these two aspects complementing and being used together—is an effective method for improving work style. On the new journey, we must make good use of this important method of establishing and abolishing simultaneously, supporting the upright and suppressing the evil, and cleansing the turbid and promoting the clear. We must adhere to systematic governance and address both symptoms and root causes, persist in advancing the integrated approach of ensuring that officials dare not, cannot, and do not want to engage in corruption, and simultaneously exert force in punishment and deterrence, institutional constraints, and raising awareness. We must resolutely eradicate the breeding ground for corruption in work style, so that the Party's work style becomes comprehensively pure.

历史经验启示我们：立破并举、扶正祛邪，才能政通人和、海晏河清。既注重扬正气、树新风，又坚决纠歪风、压邪气，二者相互配合、并用共举，是开展作风建设的有效方法。新征程上，我们必须用好有立有破、立破并举，扶正祛邪、激浊扬清这一重要方法，坚持系统施治、标本兼治，坚持不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐一体推进，惩治震慑、制度约束、提高觉悟一体发力，坚决铲除腐败滋生的作风温床，使党的作风全面纯洁起来。

Reviewing the path we have traversed is for the sake of treading the path ahead well; summing up historical experience is for the sake of learning from history, grasping the present, and creating the future. At present, changes unseen in a century are accelerating across the world, with unstable, uncertain, and unpredictable factors increasing sharply; our country is in a critical period of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, facing many difficulties and challenges. On the new journey, we must deeply study and comprehend General Secretary Xi Jinping's important discourses on strengthening the Party's work style improvement, summarize and apply the historical experience of the Party's work style improvement, unswervingly implement the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulations of the Central Committee, tirelessly strengthen the Party's work style improvement, and use a fine work style to gather hearts and minds, and to work and start undertakings, thereby providing a strong work style guarantee for comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation through Chinese-path modernization.

回顾走过的路，是为了走好前行的路；总结历史经验，是为了以史为鉴，把握现在、开创未来。当前，世界百年未有之大变局加速演进，不稳定、不确定、难预料因素急剧增多；我国正处在实现中华民族伟大复兴的关键时期，面临许多难关和挑战。新征程上，我们必须深入学习领会习近平总书记关于加强党的作风建设的重要论述，总结运用好党的作风建设的历史经验，锲而不舍落实中央八项规定精神，驰而不息加强党的作风建设，以优良作风凝心聚力、干事创业，为以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业提供坚强作风保障。

Online editor: Tongxin

网络编辑：同心