Accelerating the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements in the New Era

The transformation of scientific and technological achievements is the key link from science to application, and also an important pathway for converting science and technology into real productive forces. The "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Deepening Reform Comprehensively to Advance Chinese-Path Modernization,"[1]1 The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC, held in July 2024, is a key meeting focused on comprehensively deepening reform to advance Chinese-Path Modernization. The "Decision" is the central policy document adopted at that session. adopted at the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC, clearly states: "Deepen the reform of the mechanism for transforming scientific and technological achievements, and strengthen the construction of the national technology transfer system." General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized: "Only when scientific and technological achievements are combined with national needs, people's demands, and market requirements, completing the triple jump from scientific research, experimental development, to popularization and application, can innovation value be truly realized and innovation-driven development be achieved." Accelerating the transformation of scientific and technological achievements has become the focus and main direction for countries to seize the commanding heights of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation and to gain a decisive advantage. We should concentrate on the key issues and weak links in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, enhance the effectiveness of such transformation, and accelerate the formation of a new pattern for promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.

科技成果转化是实现从科学到应用的关键环节，也是将科学技术转变为现实生产力的重要途径。党的二十届三中全会通过的《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的决定》明确提出，“深化科技成果转化机制改革，加强国家技术转移体系建设”。习近平总书记强调，“科技成果只有同国家需要、人民要求、市场需求相结合，完成从科学研究、实验开发、推广应用的三级跳，才能真正实现创新价值、实现创新驱动发展”。加快科技成果转化，已经成为各国抢占新一轮科技革命和产业变革制高点、赢得制胜先机的重点和主攻方向。我们应聚焦科技成果转化的关键问题和薄弱环节，提升科技成果转化效能，加快形成推动科技成果转化新格局。

I. Profoundly Understand the Great Significance of Transforming Scientific and Technological Achievements

一、深刻认识科技成果转化的重大意义

The transformation of scientific and technological achievements is an "incubator" that connects scientific and technological innovation with industrial development, and more importantly, a crucial "gateway" for promoting the seamless integration of the innovation chain and the industrial chain. Accelerating the transformation of scientific and technological achievements is of great significance for converting these achievements into real productive forces, enhancing China's international scientific and technological competitiveness, and achieving high-quality development.

科技成果转化是衔接科技创新和产业发展的“孵化器”，更是促进创新链和产业链无缝对接的重要“关口”。加快科技成果转化，对于推动科技成果转化成现实生产力、提升我国国际科技竞争力、实现经济高质量发展具有重要意义。

The transformation of scientific and technological achievements is an important pathway for achieving high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening. The level of scientific and technological development often determines a country's position on the world stage, and the transformation of scientific and technological achievements is the key to the rooting of scientific and technological innovation. Currently, the pace of global technological change is accelerating, scientific and technological innovation has entered a period of intensive activity, and high-tech fields have become the forefront of international competition. In particular, fields such as artificial intelligence, quantum technology, and biotechnology are intersecting, integrating, and emerging in clusters, profoundly adjusting the global industrial structure and economic form, reshaping the international political and economic competition landscape. This represents an important strategic opportunity for China to achieve high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening and to build a world-leading scientific and technological power. Against this backdrop, the transformation of scientific and technological achievements has been placed in an important position. Since the founding of New China, the Party and the state have attached great importance to the development of science and technology and the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. From the "two bombs, one satellite"[2]2 "Two bombs, one satellite" refers to China's successful development of nuclear weapons (the atomic bomb and the hydrogen bomb), and its first artificial satellite (Dongfanghong-1), achieved in the 1960s and 1970s, symbolizing early breakthroughs in national defense and space technology. breaking external nuclear threats and technological blockades, to the successful synthesis of crystalline bovine insulin and the cultivation of hybrid rice, and then to major breakthroughs in recent years in fields such as aerospace, 5G, and high-speed rail, China has gradually enhanced its national strength and international status by relying on scientific and technological progress and application. On the new journey of the New Era, we must, by accelerating the transformation and market application of scientific and technological achievements, open up the channel from scientific and technological innovation to industrial application, convert more original, disruptive, and cutting-edge technologies into real productive forces, cultivate and expand new quality productive forces, enhance the leading power of China's scientific and technological competition, seize the commanding heights of science and technology, and win strategic initiative.

科技成果转化是实现高水平科技自立自强的重要途径。科技发展水平往往决定一个国家在世界舞台上的地位，科技成果转化是科技创新落地生根的关键所在。当前，全球技术变革步伐加快，科技创新进入密集活跃期，高技术领域成为国际竞争最前沿领域，特别是人工智能、量子科技、生物技术等领域交叉融合、集中涌现，推动全球产业结构、经济形态深刻调整，重塑国际政治经济竞争格局，对于我国实现高水平科技自立自强、建设世界科技强国是重要战略机遇期。在此背景下，科技成果转化被摆在了重要位置。新中国成立以来，党和国家高度重视科学技术发展和科技成果转化，从“两弹一星”打破外部核威胁和技术封锁，到人工合成结晶牛胰岛素、杂交水稻培育成功，再到近年来在航天、5G、高铁等领域取得重大突破，我国依靠科技进步和科技应用逐步提升了国家实力和国际地位。新时代新征程，我们必须通过加快科技成果转化和市场应用，打通科技创新到产业应用的通道，将更多原创性颠覆性前沿性技术转化为现实生产力，培育壮大新质生产力，增强我国科技竞争引领力，抢占科技制高点、赢得战略主动权。

The transformation of scientific and technological achievements is an important link in forming new quality productive forces. New quality productive forces are advanced productive forces in which innovation plays a leading role, breaking away from traditional economic growth modes and paths of productive forces development, characterized by high technology, high efficiency, and high quality, and conforming to the new development concept. General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized: "Scientific and technological innovation can give rise to new industries, new models, and new drivers of growth, and is the core element for developing new quality productive forces," and "we must continue to do a good job in the great article of innovation and promote the accelerated development of new quality productive forces." Whether it is innovation-driven development or a substantial increase in total factor productivity, neither can be separated from the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. To improve the quality and effectiveness of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, we must firmly grasp the "bull's nose" of real productive forces, take accelerating the overcoming of bottlenecks in key core technologies as the breakthrough point for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, layout and build terminal application projects, promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, accelerate technology verification and iteration, promote the movement of scientific and technological achievements from the laboratory to the actual application market, and accelerate the shaping of new drivers and new advantages for development. To increase the rate of transformation of scientific and technological achievements, we should closely follow resource endowments, industrial foundations, and scientific research conditions, identify the focal points for developing new quality productive forces, and accelerate the implementation of the "breakthrough" project for scientific and technological transformation. Against the backdrop of the rapid development of new technologies and new business forms such as the Internet of Things, big data, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence, we should, based on continuously improving computing power, accelerate the pace of application of new artificial intelligence technologies, promote the transformation and conversion of traditional industries and drivers, develop and strengthen strategic emerging industries, give rise to future industries, and make new quality productive forces a distinctive hallmark of high-quality development.

科技成果转化是形成新质生产力的重要环节。新质生产力是创新起主导作用，摆脱传统经济增长方式、生产力发展路径，具有高科技、高效能、高质量特征，符合新发展理念的先进生产力质态。习近平总书记强调，“科技创新能够催生新产业、新模式、新动能，是发展新质生产力的核心要素”，“必须继续做好创新这篇大文章，推动新质生产力加快发展”。无论是创新驱动发展还是全要素生产率大幅提升，都离不开科技成果转化。提高科技成果转化质效应紧紧抓住现实生产力这个“牛鼻子”，以加快攻克关键核心技术堵点为科技成果转化的突破口，布局建设终端应用项目，推进科技创新和产业创新深度融合，加速技术验证和迭代，促进科技成果从实验室到实际应用市场中去，加快塑造发展新动能新优势。提升科技成果转化率应紧扣资源禀赋、产业基础、科研条件，找准发展新质生产力的着力点，加快实施科技转化“突围”工程。在物联网、大数据、云计算、人工智能等新技术新业态急速发展的背景下，应以不断提升算力为基础，加快人工智能新技术应用步伐，推动传统产业和动能改造转换，发展壮大战略性新兴产业，催生未来产业，让新质生产力成为高质量发展的鲜明标识。

The transformation of scientific and technological achievements is the key to promoting industrial innovation and development. Industry is the main battlefield for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. The 2024 Central Economic Work Conference emphasized: "Lead the development of new quality productive forces with scientific and technological innovation, and build a modern industrial system. Strengthen basic research and the tackling of key core technologies, lay out major science and technology projects ahead of schedule, and carry out large-scale application demonstration actions for new technologies, new products, and new scenarios." The transformation of scientific and technological achievements is the key to advancing the upgrading of the industrial base and the modernization of the industrial chain. Industrial innovation and development provide market demand and application scenarios for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and promote the iterative upgrading of science and technology. Accelerating the transformation of scientific and technological innovation achievements will effectively enhance China's position and role in the global industrial chain and value chain; the transformation of scientific and technological achievements can promote industrial transformation and upgrading, allowing scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation to promote each other and resonate at the same frequency, promoting the high-end, intelligent, and green development of manufacturing, using innovative technologies to carry out all-round, full-chain transformation of traditional industries, and promoting industrial digitalization; continuously enhance the basic capabilities of the industry through the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, raise the level of modernization of the industrial chain, support the supplementation, strengthening, extension, consolidation, and stabilization of the industrial chain in key areas with the upgrading of the industrial base, and make up for the weak links and shortcomings of the industrial chain.

科技成果转化是推动产业创新发展的关键。产业是科技成果转化的主战场。2024年中央经济工作会议强调，“以科技创新引领新质生产力发展，建设现代化产业体系。加强基础研究和关键核心技术攻关，超前布局重大科技项目，开展新技术新产品新场景大规模应用示范行动”。科技成果转化是推进产业基础高级化、产业链现代化的关键。产业创新发展为科技成果转化提供市场需求和应用场景，并促进科学技术的迭代升级。加速科技创新成果转化，将有效提升我国在全球产业链和价值链中的地位和作用；科技成果转化能促进产业转型升级，让科技创新与产业创新相互促进、同频共振，推动制造业高端化、智能化、绿色化发展，利用创新技术对传统产业进行全方位、全链条改造，推动产业数字化；以科技成果转化不断增强产业基础能力，提升产业链现代化水平，以产业基础高级化支撑重点领域产业链补链、强链、延链、固链、稳链，补齐产业链短板弱项。

II. "Technology, People, Finance, and Market" Are the Key Elements for the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements

二、“技术、人、财、市场”是科技成果转化的关键要素

The transformation of scientific and technological achievements is a complex systematic project. In the process of transforming scientific and technological achievements, the elements of "technology, people, finance, and market" are all indispensable. However, for a long time, due to various reasons, a large number of scientific and technological achievements have remained dormant in laboratories, unable to become real productive forces. We should accurately grasp the connotation and requirements of strengthening the construction of the national technology transfer system from a strategic level, increase the investment in people, finance, and materials required for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and continuously improve the efficiency and effectiveness of such transformation.

科技成果转化是一项复杂的系统工程。科技成果转化过程中，“技术、人、财、市场”诸要素缺一不可。然而，长期以来，由于种种原因，大量科技成果沉睡在实验室，无法变成现实生产力。我们应从战略层面准确把握好加强国家技术转移体系建设的内涵要求，加大科技成果转化所需人财物的投入，不断提高科技成果转化效率和效果。

Science and technology are the prerequisite. Science and technology have increasingly become the main force driving economic and social development. Since entering the 21st century, the trend of innovation factors accelerating their flow globally and concentrating in a few innovation centers has become more pronounced. Major countries in the world are all seeking breakthroughs in scientific and technological innovation to seize the first opportunity for future economic and scientific development. Currently, global scientific and technological competition presents new characteristics of the times. Disruptive technologies represented by artificial intelligence, quantum information, and biotechnology are achieving cluster breakthroughs, driving global innovation from linear evolution to nonlinear transition. Competition for the right to set technical standards, control over data resources, and discourse power over intellectual property rights is becoming increasingly fierce, and the game over innovation rules has become the frontier of great power competition. If the effectiveness of transforming innovation achievements is insufficient, it will inevitably constrain a country's rise in the global value chain. Since the New Era, China's scientific and technological progress and achievements have been remarkable. The construction of a national laboratory system with Chinese characteristics has been accelerated, the scientific research capabilities of high-level research universities and national research institutes have been continuously improved, a group of internationally competitive science and technology enterprises have grown and strengthened, a strategic scientific and technological force that is systematic and undertakes its mission has been built, and the national innovation system has become more efficient and smooth... These scientific and technological achievements have laid a solid foundation for China to accelerate the pace of transforming scientific and technological achievements.

科学技术是前提。科学技术越来越成为推动经济社会发展的主要力量。进入21世纪以来，创新要素在全球加速流动、向少数创新中心集聚的趋势更加明显，世界主要国家都在寻找科技创新突破口，抢占未来经济科技发展的先机。当前，全球科技竞争呈现新的时代特征。以人工智能、量子信息、生物技术等为代表的颠覆性技术集群突破，推动全球创新从线性演进向非线性跃迁转变，技术标准制定权、数据资源控制权、知识产权话语权的争夺日益激烈，创新规则的博弈成为大国竞争的前沿。如果创新成果转化效能不足，必定制约一个国家在全球价值链中的位势提升。新时代以来，我国科技进步、科技成就斐然，中国特色的国家实验室体系加快构建，高水平研究型大学、国家科研院所的科研能力持续提升，一批具有国际竞争力的科技型企业成长壮大，构建起一支成体系、担使命的战略科技力量，国家创新体系更加高效顺畅……这些科技成就，为我国加快科技成果转化步伐打下了坚实基础。

Education, science and technology, and talent are the supporting pillars. Talent plays a key role in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Persisting in grasping education, science and technology, and talent together is the foundational support for enhancing the effectiveness of transforming scientific and technological achievements. Institutions of higher learning bear the responsibility of cultivating talent and are also the most active high ground for knowledge creation and value creation. More college students should be encouraged to closely integrate the knowledge they have learned with cutting-edge technologies, cutting-edge fields, and cutting-edge applications in innovation and entrepreneurship, and to hone real skills and play a major role in the integration of industry and education. Continuously optimize a demand-driven system of first-class disciplines, actively adapt to the needs of national strategy, industrial development, and scientific and technological development, give full play to the main force role of high-level research universities, closely target the national strategic emerging industries and future industries, optimize and improve the setting and adjustment mechanisms and talent cultivation models for basic disciplines, emerging disciplines, and interdisciplinary disciplines, and continuously improve innovation capabilities. Optimize the talent incentive and evaluation system, encourage university teachers to closely combine innovation achievements with industrial development, support leading talents in conducting technology verification and product iteration on the front line of enterprises, and write papers on the motherland. Continuously improve the effectiveness of transforming scientific and technological achievements, integrate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in universities into the overall effectiveness of national technology transfer and into regional industrial economic development, optimize and reshape national university science parks, promote school-enterprise collaborative joint innovation, and make the combination of industry, academia, and research and the integrated advancement of education, science and technology, and talent smoother.

教育、科技、人才是支撑。人才在科技成果转化中起着关键作用。坚持教育、科技、人才一起抓，是提升科技成果转化效能的基础性支撑。高校肩负着培养人才的责任，也是知识创造和价值创造最活跃的高地。应鼓励更多的高校学生在创新创业中将所学知识与前沿技术、前沿领域和前沿应用紧密结合起来，在产教融合中锻炼真本领、发挥大作用。不断优化以需求牵引的一流学科体系建设，主动适应国家战略、产业需求和科技发展需要，发挥好高水平研究型大学主力军作用，紧紧瞄准国家战略性新兴产业和未来产业，优化完善基础学科、新兴学科、交叉学科的设置调整机制和人才培养模式，不断提高创新能力。优化人才激励评价体系，鼓励高校教师将创新成果和产业发展紧密结合起来，支持领军人才在企业一线开展技术验证与产品迭代，将论文写在祖国大地上。不断提高科技成果转化效能，把高校科技成果转化融入国家技术转移整体效能中、融入区域产业经济发展中，优化重塑国家大学科技园，推进校企协同联合创新，让产学研结合和教育科技人才一体推进更加畅通。

Financial support is the guarantee. Scientific and technological innovation and the transformation of scientific and technological achievements require substantial capital investment, and every link from the purchase of R&D equipment, the remuneration of R&D personnel, to market promotion is inseparable from sustained financial support. For China to achieve high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening, it must build a capital supply system that matches the needs of scientific and technological innovation and accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. In recent years, the state has launched a "combination punch" [3]3 "Combination punch" (组合拳) is a metaphor for a coordinated set of policy measures applied simultaneously or sequentially to achieve a comprehensive effect., actively increasing policy support to solve the problem of funding shortages for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. From tax incentives to financial subsidies, from support for scientific research projects to the tilt of talent policies, the intensity of policy support has continued to increase. Local governments have invested substantial funds to actively build scientific and technological innovation platforms, such as high-tech industrial parks and technology business incubators, providing high-quality innovation carriers and resource-sharing platforms for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. The state has introduced a series of policies to do a good job in science and technology finance, support high-quality technology-based enterprises to go public, and place supporting the issuance and listing of high-quality technology-based enterprises in an important position. These policy measures have provided a solid guarantee for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and have created unprecedented development opportunities for technology application and market promotion.

财力支持是保障。科技创新和科技成果转化需要大量资金投入，从研发设备购置、研发人员薪酬到市场推广等各个环节，都离不开持续的资金支持。我国要实现高水平科技自立自强，必须构建与科技创新需求相匹配的资本供给体系，加速科技成果转化。近年来，国家打出“组合拳”，积极加大解决科技成果转化资金短缺问题的政策支持力度，从税收优惠到财政补贴，从科研项目扶持到人才政策倾斜，政策支持的力度持续增强。各地政府投入大量资金，积极搭建科技创新平台，如高新技术产业园区、科技企业孵化器等，为科技成果转化提供优质的创新载体与资源共享平台。国家出台一系列政策做好科技金融、支持优质科技型企业上市，使支持优质科技型企业发行上市居于重要位置。这些政策措施为科技成果转化提供了坚实保障，为技术应用和市场推广创造了前所未有的发展机遇。

III. Continuously explore and innovate new paths for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements

三、不断探索创新科技成果转化新路径

The transformation of scientific and technological achievements is a worldwide problem, vividly described as the "valley of death" hindering scientific and technological innovation. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "To grasp the integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, we must build platforms, improve systems and mechanisms, strengthen the principal position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, unblock various blockages and choke points, and achieve a seamless connection between the innovation chain and the industrial chain." To promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, we should utilize and give full play to the advantages of the new nationwide system for mobilizing resources [4]4 "New nationwide system for mobilizing resources" (新型举国体制) refers to a contemporary Chinese model of state-led resource mobilization for strategic goals, particularly in science and technology, adapting the older planned-economy "nationwide system" to market conditions., strengthen the principal position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, accelerate breakthroughs in key core technologies, deepen the deep integration of industry, academia, and research, play the "initiative chess piece" [5]5 "Initiative chess piece" (先手棋) is a metaphor from the game of Go, meaning to take the preemptive or leading move in a strategic competition., bravely enter the "no-man's land" [6]6 "No-man's land" (无人区) is a metaphor for unexplored or frontier areas of research and development where no established knowledge or practice exists., break through the "valley of death," and accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into real productive forces.

科技成果转化是世界性难题，被形象地称为阻碍科技创新的“死亡之谷”。习近平总书记指出：“抓科技创新和产业创新融合，要搭建平台、健全体制机制，强化企业科技创新主体地位，打通各种堵点卡点，让创新链和产业链无缝对接。”推动科技成果转化，应利用和发挥好新型举国体制优势，在强化企业科技创新主体地位、加快关键核心技术攻关、深化产学研深度融合等方面，下好“先手棋”、勇闯“无人区”、突围“死亡谷”，加快推动科技成果向现实生产力转化。

Strengthen government guidance and top-level design. Persist in placing scientific and technological innovation at the core of the overall national development, strengthen the construction of a science and technology-oriented government, grasp strategic planning, grasp reform and innovation, grasp platform services, and create favorable conditions for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Under government guidance, clarify innovation goals and positioning, accelerate the construction of major scientific and technological innovation platforms, create the best innovation policy environment, gather innovation resources, attract first-class innovation talents, and fully integrate into the global innovation ecosystem. Under government guidance, enhance the innovation motivation of enterprises, strengthen the principal position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, give play to the role of enterprises as problem-setters, promote the coordination of key projects and the integration of R&D activities, solve the problems of "unable to transform, afraid to transform, and not knowing how to transform," accelerate the construction of innovation consortia and new R&D institutions led by leading enterprises, supported by universities and research institutes, and coordinated by various innovation entities, develop an efficient and powerful common technology supply system, and improve the effectiveness of the transfer and transformation of scientific and technological achievements.

加强政府引导和顶层设计。坚持把科技创新摆在国家发展全局的核心位置，加强科技型政府建设，抓战略规划、抓改革创新、抓平台服务，为科技成果转化营造良好条件。在政府引导下，明确创新目标和定位，加快建设重大科技创新平台，打造最优创新政策环境，集聚创新资源，吸引一流创新人才，全面融入全球创新生态系统。在政府引导下增强企业创新动力，强化企业科技创新主体地位，发挥企业出题者作用，推进重点项目协同和研发活动一体化，解决“不能转、不敢转、不会转”问题，加快构建龙头企业牵头、高校院所支撑、各创新主体相互协同的创新联合体、新型研发机构，发展高效强大的共性技术供给体系，提高科技成果转移转化成效。

Enterprises, universities, and research institutes cooperate to build industry-academia-research platforms. Carry out the construction of common technology platforms, improve the infrastructure for achievement transformation supported by pilot-scale testing and maturation, and promote the engineering breakthrough and industrial application of technological achievements in traditional industries, emerging industries, and future industries. Driven by application scenarios, lay out and build a number of national-level pilot-scale testing and maturation platforms and engineering verification centers, improve the system for the pilot-scale testing, maturation, transformation, and application of major scientific and technological achievements, rely on leading enterprises in key industrial chains and upgrades and transformations of universities and research institutes, build technology pilot-scale testing platforms serving common needs in industries such as equipment manufacturing, information technology, new materials, and biomedicine, promote the full-chain support of prototype models, process optimization, and small-batch production, enhance the maturity and engineering feasibility of achievements, and improve the measurement and evaluation standards for the technology maturity level of scientific and technological achievements. Improve the open sharing mechanism, implement equipment sharing, data mutual recognition, and achievement co-utilization, shorten the cycle from prototype to industrialization, strengthen support for the innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises, guide small and medium-sized enterprises to connect with pilot lines at low cost, and unblock the chain of application and implementation of scientific and technological achievements.

企业、高校院所合作搭建产学研平台。开展共性技术平台建设，完善以中试熟化为支撑的成果转化基础设施，推动传统产业、新兴产业、未来产业技术成果工程化突破和产业化应用。以应用场景为牵引，布局建设一批国家级中试熟化平台和工程验证中心，完善重大科技成果中试熟化和转化应用体系，依托关键产业链龙头企业和高校院所升级改造，建设面向装备制造、信息技术、新材料、生物医药等行业共性需求技术中试平台，推动原型样机、工艺优化、小批量生产全链条支撑，提升成果成熟度与工程化可行性，完善科技成果技术成熟度等级的度量和评测标准。健全开放共享机制，实行设备共享、数据互认、成果共用，缩短成果从样机到产业化的周期，加强对中小企业创新支持，引导中小企业低成本对接试验线，打通科技成果应用落地链条。

Improve the institutional system for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Improve the evaluation mechanism for scientific and technological achievements and the technology transfer system, continuously improve the classified evaluation system and assessment mechanism for scientific research, actively promote the reform of empowering job-related scientific and technological achievements, implement pilot reforms for the autonomy of transforming scientific and technological achievements, and achieve fully autonomous transformation through the "empowerment + transfer + agreed income" model. Explore mechanisms such as direct investment and direct injection of technology valuation, a green direct channel for scientific and technological achievements, and a mechanism for sharing income from achievement incentives, stimulate the enthusiasm and creativity of scientific research institutions and researchers in participating in transformation and application, compress the cycle of achievement flow, and enhance the market efficiency of transformation. Promote the single-column management system for job-related scientific and technological achievements, reduce burdens and loosen constraints for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, solve the worries of scientific and technical personnel regarding the management and auditing of scientific and technological achievement assets, and create a social environment that encourages innovation and tolerates failure. Improve the science and technology evaluation system oriented towards achievement transformation, further improve laws and regulations such as the "Law of the People's Republic of China on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements" and the "Action Plan for Promoting the Transfer and Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements," and establish and improve an institutional system that adapts to a series of reform measures, such as the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, strengthening the principal position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, and allowing scientific and technical personnel greater autonomy in the distribution of income from the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.

健全科技成果转化制度体系。健全科技成果评估机制和转化转移技术体系，不断完善科研分类评价体系和考核机制，积极推进职务科技成果赋权改革，推行科技成果转化自主权改革试点，通过“赋权+转让+约定收益”模式实现完全自主转化。探索技术作价直转直投、科技成果绿色直通车、成果收益激励共享机制，激发科研机构和科研人员参与转化应用的积极性和创造力，压缩成果流转周期，提升转化市场化效率。推进职务科技成果单列管理制度，为科技成果转化减负松绑，解决科技人员对科技成果资产管理审计等方面的后顾之忧，营造鼓励创新、宽容失败的社会环境。健全以成果转化为导向的科技评价体系，进一步完善《中华人民共和国促进科技成果转化法》、《促进科技成果转移转化行动方案》等法律法规，建立与完善科技创新和产业创新深度融合、强化企业的科技创新主体地位、允许科技人员在科技成果转化收益分配上有更大自主权等一系列改革举措相适应的制度体系。

Strengthen the construction of a team of technology managers for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and the mechanism for talent introduction. As key talents for promoting the deep integration of the innovation chain, industrial chain, capital chain, and talent chain, technology managers play an important role in promoting scientific and technological achievements from the laboratory to the market and achieving a deep connection between scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation. We should further cultivate and expand the professional team of technology managers, establish technology manager networks and regional alliances, and coordinate industry-academia-research cooperation affairs. Strengthen the market-oriented awareness of the technology manager team, and promote the self-discipline and standardized development of the technology manager profession. Establish specialized institutions for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, encourage the establishment of technology licensing offices and technology transfer companies, promote technology transfer and joint research between universities, research institutes, and enterprises, and expand the channels for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Encourage universities to offer professional directions for technology managers, strengthen the cultivation of talents for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and technology transfer, carry out effective connection between the professional title system for science and technology service talents and the professional qualification system, accelerate the gathering of a group of science and technology service talents who understand both the market and technology, and promote the construction of a talent work system for technology transfer and transformation.

加强科技成果转化技术经理人队伍建设和人才引入机制。作为促进创新链、产业链、资金链、人才链深度融合的关键人才，技术经理人在推动科技成果从实验室走向市场、实现科技创新与产业创新深度对接中发挥着重要作用。应进一步培养壮大专业化技术经理人队伍，成立技术经理人网络和区域联盟，协调产学研合作事务。强化技术经理人队伍市场化意识，推动技术经理人行业自律规范发展。建立专门科技成果转化机构，鼓励设立技术许可办公室、技术转移公司，促进高校院所与企业之间的技术转让和联合研究，拓展科技成果转化渠道。鼓励高校开设技术经理人专业方向，加强科技成果转化和技术转移人才培养，开展科技服务人才职称制度与职业资格制度有效衔接，加快集聚一批既懂市场又懂技术的科技服务人才，推动构建技术转移转化的人才工作体系。

Strengthen the sci-tech financial support system for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Create a new sci-tech financial ecosystem oriented toward the benefits of transforming scientific and technological achievements, guide financial institutions to provide full-chain, full-life-cycle financial services for sci-tech enterprises, and form a financial model that supports the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and the development of sci-tech enterprises through financial methods and services such as banking, securities, insurance, venture capital, mortgage, and guarantee. Improve the fiscal and financial support system to strengthen the capacity guarantee for enterprises to transform scientific and technological achievements. Build a fiscal and financial support system oriented toward transformation performance, enhancing enterprises’ enthusiasm for achievement transformation and their risk-bearing capacity. Improve the performance evaluation mechanism for fiscal sci-tech investment, include enterprise-led transformation projects of scientific and technological achievements within the scope of special funds and industrial guidance funds, and explore a combined model of “post-subsidies + risk compensation + revenue sharing from achievements” to increase the efficiency of fiscal funds in leveraging market capital. Optimize the assessment of government guidance funds, adopt assessment methods such as “long cycles” and “overall accounting,” encourage and drive long-term capital to support policies for early-stage investment, small-scale investment, long-term investment, and investment in hard technology, create an ecosystem of inclusive symbiosis and positive interaction between technology and finance, make up for the shortcomings of fintech, and accelerate the formation of a “bridging model” of “technology–finance–industry.” Establish a risk diversification mechanism for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, set up transformation achievement insurance, achievement pledge re-guarantee, and risk compensation funds, and improve the combined model of “fiscal subsidies + social capital + sci-tech insurance.”

强化科技成果转化的科技金融支撑体系。打造以科技成果转化效益为导向的科技金融新生态，引导金融机构为科技型企业提供全链条、全生命周期金融服务，通过银行、证券、保险、创业投资、抵押、担保等金融方式和服务，形成支持科技成果转化、科技型企业发展的金融模式。完善财政金融支撑体系，强化企业科技成果转化能力保障。构建以转化绩效为导向的财政金融支持体系，提升企业成果转化积极性和风险承受能力。健全财政科技投入绩效评价机制，将企业主导的科技成果转化项目纳入专项资金、产业引导基金支持范围，探索“后补助+风险补偿+成果收益分享”组合模式，提升财政资金撬动市场资本的效率。优化政府引导基金考核，采取“长周期”、“算总账”等考核办法，鼓励并带动长期资本投早、投小、投长期、投硬科技的支持政策，打造科技与金融包容共生、良性互动的生态，补齐金融科技的短板，加快形成“科技—金融—产业”的“桥接模式”。建立科技成果转化风险分散机制，设立成果转化保险、成果质押再担保和风险补偿基金，完善“财政补助+社会资本+科技保险”组合模式。

(Author: Deputy Director of the Office of the Leading Group for Internet and Information Work of the China Association for Science and Technology, and Deputy Director of the Information Center)

（作者：中国科协网信工作领导小组办公室副主任、信息中心副主任）

Online Editor: Tongxin

网络编辑：同心