The Dialectical Logic of the Construction of the Party’s Cultural Leadership in the New Era

In June 2023, at the Symposium on Cultural Heritage and Development, General Secretary Xi Jinping creatively put forward the major proposition of “the cultural leadership of the Communist Party of China,” clarifying the extreme importance of upholding the Party’s cultural leadership. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has made systematic plans and arrangements for the construction of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, continuously consolidating the Party’s leading core position in the cultural field and opening up a new realm in which the Party leads cultural development. As a dynamic practice carried out during the long-term governance of the Communist Party of China, the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era profoundly manifests the action logic of the Party’s active exploration and conscious construction, containing dialectical thinking and practical rationality. For this reason, an in-depth analysis of the dialectical relationships contained in the ideal state, core essence, practical layout, and value implications of the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era, and a clarification of how the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era is possible, what it is, how it can be achieved, and what its purpose is, will play an important guiding role in enhancing the effectiveness of the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership and continuously advancing the building of a socialist cultural power.

2023年6月，习近平总书记在文化传承发展座谈会上创造性地提出“中国共产党的文化领导权”的重大命题，明确了坚持党的文化领导权的极端重要性。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央对中国特色社会主义文化建设作出系统谋划和部署，持续巩固党在文化领域的领导核心地位，开辟政党引领文化发展的新境界。作为中国共产党长期执政中进行的能动实践，新时代党的文化领导权建设深刻彰显出党主动探索、自觉构建的行动逻辑，蕴含着辩证思维与实践理性。为此，深入剖析新时代党的文化领导权建设的应然之境、核心要义、实践布局与价值意蕴中蕴含的若干辩证关系，厘清新时代党的文化领导权建设何以可能、何以为是、何以可为、意旨何在，对提升党的文化领导权建设的有效性，不断推进社会主义文化强国建设具有重要的指引作用。

I. The Ideal State of the Construction of the Party’s Cultural Leadership in the New Era: What History Has Inherited, What Reality Drives, and What the Future Directs

一、新时代党的文化领导权建设的应然之境：历史所承、现实所驱与未来所向

Engels pointed out: “The world is not to be comprehended as a complex of ready-made things, but as a complex of processes.” The construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era, as a dynamic and developing practical process, not only possesses historical depth, being the inheritance and development of the Party’s fine tradition of attaching great importance to cultural leadership; it also meets practical needs, being the Party’s active response to the diverse challenges and development opportunities in the current cultural field; and it further manifests the general trend of the future, being the Party’s profound judgment on the changing trends of domestic cultural construction and international cultural competition.

恩格斯指出：“世界不是既成事物的集合体，而是过程的集合体。”新时代党的文化领导权建设作为动态发展的实践过程，既具有历史厚度，是党对高度重视文化领导优良传统的传承发扬；又契合现实需求，是党对当前文化领域多元挑战和发展机遇的积极应对；更彰显未来大势，是党对国内文化建设与国际文化竞争趋势变化的深刻研判。

1. The Construction of the Party’s Cultural Leadership in the New Era Is What History Has Inherited

1.新时代党的文化领导权建设是历史所承

From the perspective of a grand view of history, the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era is a historical proposition put forward by the Communist Party of China leading the people of all ethnic groups across the country in the struggle of “saving the nation through culture—building the nation through culture—revitalizing the nation through culture—strengthening the nation through culture.” Over the past hundred years and more, our Party has always emphasized the extreme importance of ideological and cultural leadership, forming a fine tradition of constructing cultural leadership. During the period of the New Democratic Revolution, our Party regarded the struggle for cultural leadership as an important lever for winning revolutionary victory. Mao Zedong pointed out: “The question of the leadership of proletarian ideology is a very important question.” “The Chinese revolution cannot do without the leadership of the Chinese proletariat, and therefore the current new culture of China cannot do without the leadership of the Chinese proletarian culture and ideology.” The Communist Party of China, by running newspapers and periodicals, organizing literary and artistic propaganda, and carrying out ideological education, raised high the revolutionary red flag on the cultural front, spread Marxist thought, publicized the Party’s line, principles, and policies, mobilized the broad masses to establish revolutionary consciousness, and provided ideological and cultural guarantees for the smooth progress of the revolutionary cause. During the period of socialist revolution and construction, our Party regarded the establishment of cultural leadership as a strategic task for explaining the “legitimacy” of the socialist system. The Communist Party of China fully recognized that consolidating the initially established socialist system “also requires carrying out regular and arduous socialist revolutionary struggle and socialist education on the political and ideological fronts.” To this end, through a series of practical explorations such as criticizing non-proletarian ideological trends, carrying out the ideological remolding movement for intellectuals, and deepening the reform of old literature and art, it systematically promoted socialist transformation in the ideological field, so that the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological domain was established and consolidated, effectively enhancing the people’s recognition and support for the cause of socialist revolution and construction. During the new period of reform and opening up and socialist modernization, our Party regarded the consolidation of cultural leadership as a key breakthrough for achieving ideological emancipation and theoretical innovation. From vigorously promoting the construction of socialist cultural-ethical progress to establishing the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, from first proposing the leadership of ideological work to building the core socialist value system, our Party made every effort to promote cultural construction centered on socialist ideology, which not only raised the ideological and moral quality and scientific and cultural quality of the entire nation but also advanced the process of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times and popularizing it, effectively resisting the erosion of various erroneous social trends. Entering the New Era, our Party has placed greater emphasis on the primary position of cultural leadership in the construction of a cultural power, stating: “To overcome all risks and challenges on the road ahead and march from victory to new victories, we must always uphold the Party’s cultural leadership,” and, in conjunction with the Party’s cultural mission in the New Era, continuously enriches the contemporary connotation of cultural leadership. This is not only a continuation of the Communist Party of China’s consistent fine tradition of attaching importance to the construction of cultural leadership but also a further sublimation of the historical practice of the Communist Party of China in seizing, establishing, and consolidating cultural leadership, containing a profound logic of historical initiative.

从大历史观的角度看，新时代党的文化领导权建设是中国共产党带领全国各族人民在“文化救国—文化立国—文化兴国—文化强国”的奋斗实践中提出的历史命题。百余年来，我们党始终强调思想文化领导的极端重要性，形成了文化领导权建设的优良传统。新民主主义革命时期，我们党将争夺文化领导权作为赢得革命胜利的重要抓手。毛泽东指出：“无产阶级思想领导的问题，是一个非常重要的问题。”“中国革命不能离开中国无产阶级的领导，因而现时的中国新文化也不能离开中国无产阶级文化思想的领导。”中国共产党以创办报刊、组织文艺宣传、开展思想教育等形式，在文化战线上高扬革命红旗，传播马克思主义思想、宣传党的路线方针政策、动员广大群众树立革命意识，为革命事业顺利开展提供思想文化保障。社会主义革命和建设时期，我们党将确立文化领导权作为阐释社会主义制度“合法性”的战略任务。中国共产党充分认识到巩固初步建立的社会主义制度“还必须在政治战线和思想战线上，进行经常的、艰苦的社会主义革命斗争和社会主义教育”。为此，通过批判非无产阶级思潮、开展知识分子思想改造运动、深化旧文艺改革工作等一系列实践探索，系统推进思想领域的社会主义改造，使马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位得以确立和巩固，有效增进了人民群众对社会主义革命和建设事业的认同和拥护。改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期，我们党将巩固文化领导权作为实现思想解放与理论创新的关键突破口。从大力推动社会主义精神文明建设到创立中国特色社会主义理论体系，从首次提出意识形态工作领导权到建设社会主义核心价值体系，我们党全力推动以社会主义意识形态为核心的文化建设，既提高了全民族思想道德素质和科学文化素质，又推进了马克思主义中国化、时代化、大众化进程，有效抵御了各种错误社会思潮的侵蚀。进入新时代，我们党更加强调文化领导权在文化强国建设中的首要地位，提出：“我们要战胜前进道路上一切风险挑战、从胜利走向新的胜利，必须始终坚持党的文化领导权”，并结合新时代党的文化使命不断丰富文化领导权的时代内涵。这既是中国共产党一以贯之重视文化领导权建设优良传统的再延续，又是中国共产党夺取、确立与巩固文化领导权历史实践的再升华，蕴含着深刻的历史主动逻辑。

2. The Construction of the Party’s Cultural Leadership in the New Era Is What Reality Drives

2.新时代党的文化领导权建设是现实所驱

Marx pointed out: “The true content of all epoch-making systems is always formed by the needs of the period that produced them.” The construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era is the logical result of our Party actively responding to diverse and changing cultural needs and cultural environments, and systematically solving major risks and challenges in the field of cultural construction. First, the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era is a practical need for advancing the process of building a cultural power. Achieving a historic leap from a large cultural country to a cultural power is an inevitable requirement of socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics in the New Era. Against this background, only by strengthening the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership, coordinating cultural resources, harmonizing cultural forces, and precisely implementing cultural policies can we effectively solve practical problems such as insufficient cultural originality, imbalanced cultural industry structure, and weak discourse power in international cultural exchanges, providing the necessary conditions for achieving the strategic goal of a cultural power. Second, the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era is a practical need for strengthening the Party’s governance capacity. Standing at a new historical starting point, the Communist Party of China, as the ruling party, faces complex and severe risks and tests in the ideological and cultural field. From the perspective of the tasks shouldered by the Party, the new cultural mission places higher demands on the Party’s ideological guidance, value cohesion, and spiritual impetus. Strengthening the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership, using strong cultural leadership to respond to profound changes in the ideological and cultural field, and preventing the breeding and spread of erroneous trends and decadent culture, is a key way for our Party to improve its leadership level and long-term governance capacity. Third, the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era is a practical need for meeting the challenge of cultural hegemonism. The development of globalization has brought about deep exchanges and integration of world cultures, and the means of Western cultural infiltration have become more covert and destructive. For example, using discourse hegemony and technological advantages to package Western values as “universal values,” thereby undermining the authority of our mainstream ideology; exporting commercial cultural products containing ideological values such as consumerism, individualism, and liberalism, thereby weakening the guiding role of core socialist values; spreading fallacies that slander China’s national image, such as the “China threat theory,” the “China colonization theory,” and the “China responsibility theory,” thereby diluting ideological identification with socialism with Chinese characteristics. Therefore, using the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership to prevent and resolve the threats posed by Western cultural exports to our cultural security concerns the independence, development, and stability of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

马克思指出：“一切划时代的体系的真正的内容都是由于产生这些体系的那个时期的需要而形成起来的。”新时代党的文化领导权建设是我们党积极应对多元多变的文化需求和文化环境，系统解决文化建设领域重大风险挑战的逻辑使然。其一，新时代党的文化领导权建设是推进文化强国建设进程的现实需要。实现从文化大国向文化强国的历史性跨越，是新时代中国特色社会主义现代化建设的必然要求。在此背景下，只有加强党的文化领导权建设，统筹文化资源、协调文化力量、精准实施文化政策，才能有效解决我国文化原创能力不足、文化产业结构失调、国际文化交流中话语不强等现实问题，为实现文化强国的战略目标提供必要的条件支持。其二，新时代党的文化领导权建设是加强党的执政能力建设的现实需要。站在新的历史起点，中国共产党作为执政党在思想文化领域面临复杂严峻的风险考验。从党所肩负的任务来看，新的文化使命对党的思想引领力、价值凝聚力与精神推动力提出了更高的要求。加强党的文化领导权建设，以强大的文化领导力应对思想文化领域的深刻变革，防止错误思潮与腐朽文化的滋生蔓延，是我们党提高领导水平和长期执政能力的关键途径。其三，新时代党的文化领导权建设是应对文化霸权主义挑战的现实需要。全球化的发展带来了世界文化的深度交流与融合，西方文化渗透的手段更具隐蔽性、破坏性。例如，借助话语霸权和技术优势将西方价值包装为“普世价值”，消解我国主流意识形态的权威性；输出隐含消费主义、个人主义、自由主义等思想价值的商业文化产品，削弱社会主义核心价值观的引领作用；散播“中国威胁论”、“中国殖民论”、“中国责任论”等诋毁中国国家形象的谬论，淡化中国特色社会主义的思想认同等。由此，以党的文化领导权建设防范和化解西方文化输出对我国文化安全带来的威胁，关涉中国特色社会主义事业的独立自主与发展稳定。

3. The Construction of the Party’s Cultural Leadership in the New Era Is What the Future Directs

3.新时代党的文化领导权建设是未来所向

General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out: “Understanding the general trend of world development and keeping pace with the currents of the times is an extremely important topic that is always new.” As an important guarantee for supporting cultural modernization and an important means of enhancing cultural soft power, the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership [1]1 Cultural leadership (文化领导权): The term translates and adapts Antonio Gramsci’s concept of “cultural hegemony” (egemonia culturale), referring to the Party’s leading role in shaping ideology, values, and cultural production to secure popular consent and political legitimacy. manifests a strategic implication of taking precautions and properly responding to the current trends in cultural construction and world cultural development. From the perspective of the internal supporting force of culture, using high-quality cultural construction to thicken the cultural foundation of Chinese-path modernization has become an inevitable task for realizing the Second Centenary Goal [2]2 The Second Centenary Goal (第二个百年奋斗目标): The goal of building China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful by the middle of the 21st century (around 2049), marking the centenary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China.. The report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC pointed out: “From now on, the central task of the Communist Party of China is to unite and lead the people of all ethnic groups across the country to comprehensively build a great modern socialist country, realize the Second Centenary Goal, and comprehensively advance the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization.” To complete this central task and grand goal on schedule, our Party needs to scientifically grasp the development trends of socialist cultural construction with Chinese characteristics in the New Era, and on the basis of meeting the spiritual needs of the people, ensure the correct ideological guidance, value regulation, and spiritual support for Chinese-path modernization. The Party’s cultural leadership “is comprehensive, systematic, and holistic; it is a comprehensive system of power covering all aspects of the cultural field, including ideology and theory, values, moral norms, literary and artistic creation, and news media.” Strengthening the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era will help socialist cultural construction with Chinese characteristics meet the requirements of building a great modern socialist country at the strategic, overall, and directional levels, providing a strong political guarantee and directional guidance for consolidating the cultural foundation of Chinese-path modernization. From the perspective of the external competitiveness of culture, the status of culture in comprehensive national power competition is increasingly prominent. Enhancing international influence through cultural development has become a main mode of international competition. “The various cultural contests in the world are essentially contests of values, also contests for people’s hearts and contests of ideology, just as the saying goes, ‘Strength determines victory or defeat in the short term, but principle determines success or failure over the ages.’” [3]3 “Strength determines victory or defeat in the short term, but principle determines success or failure over the ages” (一时之强弱在力，千古之胜负在理): A classical Chinese saying, often attributed to the Ming dynasty scholar Feng Menglong, emphasizing the long-term primacy of moral principle over brute force. As the core representation of the entire nation and country’s independence and autonomy in the ideological field and the core value field, whether the ruling party’s cultural leadership is consolidated directly affects the country’s position in international cultural competition. Only with strong cultural leadership can a country firmly adhere to a cultural development path with its own characteristics in international cultural competition, construct its own discourse system and narrative system, and thereby enhance its cultural soft power in the process of raising the banner and setting the direction. Strengthening the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era will help China seize the commanding heights of international communication, build new advantages in international discourse, and enhance its international cultural competitiveness.

习近平总书记指出：“认识世界发展大势，跟上时代潮流，是一个极为重要并且常做常新的课题。”作为支撑文化现代化的重要保证和增强文化软实力的重要手段，党的文化领导权建设彰显出未雨绸缪、妥善应对当前文化建设与世界文化发展大势的战略意涵。从文化的内部支撑力来看，以高质量文化建设厚植中国式现代化的文化基础，已经成为实现第二个百年奋斗目标的必然课题。党的二十大报告指出：“从现在起，中国共产党的中心任务就是团结带领全国各族人民全面建成社会主义现代化强国、实现第二个百年奋斗目标，以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴。”如期完成这一中心任务和宏伟目标，需要我们党科学把握新时代中国特色社会主义文化建设的发展趋势，在满足人民群众精神需求的基础上，确保中国式现代化正确的思想引领、价值规制与精神支撑。党的文化领导权“是全面的、系统的、整体的，是一个涵盖了思想理论、价值观念、道德规范、文艺创作、新闻媒体等文化领域各个方面的综合权力体系”。新时代加强党的文化领导权建设，将有助于中国特色社会主义文化建设在战略性、全局性、方向性层面契合社会主义现代化强国建设要求，为夯实中国式现代化的文化基础提供有力的政治保障和方向指引。从文化的外部竞争力来看，文化在综合国力竞争中的地位日益凸显，通过文化发展提升国际影响力，已成为国际竞争的主要方式。“世界上各种文化之争，本质上是价值观念之争，也是人心之争、意识形态之争，正所谓‘一时之强弱在力，千古之胜负在理’。”作为整个民族与国家在意识形态领域和核心价值领域独立自主的核心表征，执政党的文化领导权是否巩固直接影响着本国的国际文化竞争势位。只有拥有强有力的文化领导权，才能在国际文化竞争中坚定具有本国特色的文化发展道路，构建自身的话语体系与叙事体系，文化软实力才能在举旗定向中得到提升。新时代加强党的文化领导权建设，有助于中国占据国际传播制高点、构筑国际话语新优势、提升国际文化竞争力。

The construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era manifests a profound logical necessity within the three-dimensional spatiotemporal coordinates of history, reality, and the future, reflecting our Party’s historical confidence and practical consciousness in leading cultural construction. The world is undergoing changes unseen in a century, and contemporary China is also undergoing the most extensive and profound social changes in its history. Strengthening the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership is of extremely important significance for realizing the grand goal of building a culturally strong country. We must creatively transform and integrate the accumulated experience and traditions of history, the practical achievements of reality, and the development opportunities presented by the future into the “power source” for advancing the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership, achieving the organic unity of inheriting history, basing ourselves on reality, and looking toward the future, thereby constructing a socialist cultural leadership paradigm with Chinese characteristics that possesses historical penetration, realistic explanatory power, and future-oriented guiding force.

新时代党的文化领导权建设在历史、现实与未来的三维时空坐标中彰显出深刻的逻辑应然，体现了我们党领导文化建设的历史自信与实践自觉。世界正经历百年未有之大变局，当代中国也正经历着历史上最为广泛而深刻的社会变革，加强党的文化领导权建设对于实现文化强国的宏伟目标具有极其重要的意义。我们要将历史积淀的经验传统、现实取得的实践成效和未来呈现的发展机遇创造性地转化与整合为推进党的文化领导权建设的“动力源”，实现传承历史、立足现实与放眼未来的有机统一，建构起具有历史穿透力、现实解释力与未来引领力的中国特色社会主义文化领导范式。

II. The Core Essence of the Construction of the Party’s Cultural Leadership in the New Era: Power Construction, Political Practice, and Governance Strategy

二、新时代党的文化领导权建设的核心要义：权力构建、政治实践与治理方略

On the new journey of the New Era, the construction of the Communist Party of China’s cultural leadership manifests a distinct practical character. Its core essence is revealed as power construction aimed at mastering ideological leadership, political practice oriented towards consolidating national identity, and governance strategy characterized by coordinating cultural production, management, and dissemination.

新时代新征程，中国共产党的文化领导权建设呈现出鲜明的实践品格，其核心要义彰显为以掌握思想领导为旨归的权力构建，以凝聚国家认同为导向的政治实践，以统筹文化生产、管理与传播为表征的治理方略。

1. The Construction of the Party’s Cultural Leadership in the New Era is a Power Construction Aimed at Mastering Ideological Leadership

1.新时代党的文化领导权建设是以掌握思想领导为旨归的权力构建

In Gramsci’s view, after a social group has secured a stable position of political and economic leadership, “even if it holds it very firmly, having become the ruler, it must also continue to be a ‘leading’ group” [4]4 This is a paraphrase of a passage from Antonio Gramsci’s *Prison Notebooks* (Quaderni del carcere), specifically the section on “The Modern Prince,” concerning the dual role of a hegemonic class as both “dominant” (dominante) and “leading” (dirigente)., achieving ideological leadership to consolidate its ruling foundation through continuous intervention in the cultural sphere. The main way for a political party to achieve ideological leadership is to construct cultural commanding power and cultural intervention power that can win the recognition of the masses for its political propositions, that is, the construction of cultural leadership. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out: “Mastering ideological leadership is the foundation for mastering all leadership.” The construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era is essentially the process by which the Party dynamically and systematically constructs and perfects the power system in the cultural field in accordance with the goals, attributes, and characteristics of ideological leadership. First, the primary prerequisite for the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era is to anchor the goal of ideological leadership and construct a power system capable of realizing the fundamental cultural interests of the people. The degree to which a ruling party achieves ideological leadership fundamentally depends on the degree to which it promotes the realization of the people’s interests in the cultural field. The Communist Party of China has always adhered to the principle that “the people’s hearts are the greatest politics” [5]5 “The people’s hearts are the greatest politics” (民心是最大的政治): A key political slogan of Xi Jinping, emphasizing that the Party’s legitimacy and success depend on winning popular support., highlighting the principal position of the people when leading cultural innovation and creation, manifesting cultural fairness and justice when constructing ideology and theory, and enhancing the people’s spiritual well-being when managing cultural work, thereby endowing the Party’s cultural leadership with a distinct logic of the people. Second, an important foundation for the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era is to conform to the attributes of ideological leadership and construct a power system that safeguards the mainstream ideology. The process of realizing ideological leadership is essentially a process in which a political party internalizes its own political goals, beliefs, and ideas into the mainstream consciousness of society, forming a social influence across the entire country. Since entering the New Era, our Party has continuously promoted adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, strengthening theoretical innovation in the ideological field; established and adhered to the fundamental system of Marxism’s guiding position in the ideological field, perfecting the work system for ideology; strengthened the construction and management of ideological positions, continuously consolidating the positive and improving trend in the ideological field, thereby constructing and mastering the leadership, management power, and discourse power of ideological work at the three levels of theoretical supply, institutional innovation, and practical advancement. Third, the key link in the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era is to fit the characteristics of ideological leadership and construct a power system that maintains the effectiveness and sustainability of the Party’s leadership in cultural construction. The dynamic, gradual, and long-term characteristics of ideological leadership require that the construction of cultural leadership must keep pace with the times. By grasping new changes in audience groups, spatial fields, and value orientations, strengthening the leading power through reform of the cultural system and mechanisms, and solving new problems in the quality and efficiency of cultural supply; adapting to new trends of cultural digital empowerment and information transformation through the guiding power of the integration of culture and technology; responding to the new landscape of international communication and international discourse through the dominant power of international cultural dissemination, and by continuously adjusting and optimizing the content and focus of the construction of cultural leadership, ensuring the epochal adaptability and strategic guiding force of ideological leadership. In essence, the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era, by constructing a power system that ensures the flexible operation of ideological leadership, uses authority in the cultural field to consolidate the cultural foundation of the Communist Party of China’s “political leadership.”

在葛兰西看来，一个社会集团在获得稳固的政治领导与经济领导地位后，“即使很坚固地掌握着它，成了统治者，同时也应该是一个‘领导的’集团”，通过对文化领域的持续介入，以实现思想领导巩固其执政基础。而政党实现思想领导的主要方式是，构建能够使自己的政治主张获得人民群众认同的文化统驭力与文化干预力，即文化领导权建设。习近平总书记指出：“掌握思想领导是掌握一切领导的基础。”新时代党的文化领导权建设，实质上就是党依照思想领导的目标、属性与特点，动态化、系统化构建与完善文化领域权力体系的过程。其一，新时代党的文化领导权建设的首要前提是锚定思想领导目标，构建能够实现人民群众根本文化利益的权力体系。执政党实现思想领导的程度，根本上取决于其在文化领域推动人民利益实现的程度。中国共产党始终坚持“民心是最大的政治”，在引领文化创新创造时凸显人民主体地位、在思想理论建构时彰显文化公平正义、在进行文化工作管理时增进人民精神福祉，使党的文化领导权呈现出鲜明的人民性逻辑。其二，新时代党的文化领导权建设的重要基础是顺应思想领导属性，构建维护主流意识形态的权力体系。实现思想领导的过程本质上是一个政党将自身的政治目标、信仰与理念内化为社会主流意识，形成整个国家社会影响力的过程。进入新时代以来，我们党持续推进马克思主义中国化时代化，强化意识形态领域的理论创新；确立和坚持马克思主义在意识形态领域指导地位的根本制度，完善意识形态工作制度；加强意识形态阵地建设和管理，持续巩固意识形态领域向上向好的态势，在理论供给、制度创新与实践推进三个层面建构并掌握意识形态工作的领导权、管理权与话语权。其三，新时代党的文化领导权建设的关键环节是契合思想领导特点，构建保持党领导文化建设实效性与可持续性的权力体系。思想领导具有的动态性、渐进性、长期性特征，要求文化领导权建设必须与时俱进。通过把握受众群体、空间场域和价值取向等方面的新变化，通过文化体制机制改革强化引领权，破解文化供给质量与效率的新难题；以文化与科技融合指导权适应文化数字化赋能、信息化转型的新趋势；以国际文化传播主导权应对国际传播和国际话语的新格局，在持续调整、优化文化领导权建设的内容和重点中，确保思想领导的时代适应性和战略引领力。质言之，新时代党的文化领导权建设通过建构确保思想领导柔性运作的权力体系，以文化领域的权威筑牢中国共产党“政治领导”的文化根基。

2. The Construction of the Party’s Cultural Leadership in the New Era is a Political Practice Oriented Towards Consolidating National Identity

2.新时代党的文化领导权建设是以凝聚国家认同为导向的政治实践

In a multi-ethnic state, national identity occupies the highest level of identity, “determining the legitimacy of state power, serving as the spiritual cornerstone of national cohesion, and constituting the internal driving force for the nation’s survival and development.” From a political science perspective, consolidating broad and stable national identity is the core proposition facing the ruling party in the process of modern state-building. As for cultural leadership, its political significance lies not only in consolidating the foundation of the party’s ruling legitimacy but also in realizing the cultural justification of political legitimacy—when the performance legitimacy brought by economic development faces diminishing marginal returns, ideological identity and value identity rooted in the deep structure of culture become the stable support for the survival of the political community. Thus, the Party’s cultural leadership construction should not be simplistically understood as the extension of political power into the cultural sphere; its essence is a political practice that enhances national identity. The national identity orientation of the Party’s cultural leadership construction in the New Era is mainly reflected in the following two aspects: On the one hand, consolidating Marxism’s guiding position in the ideological domain and guiding the masses to establish Marxist beliefs. Our Party has always regarded upholding Marxism’s guiding position in the ideological domain as a realistic and strategic task for comprehensively leading propaganda, ideological, and cultural work, and has taken strengthening national identity as the core appeal of building a socialist ideology with strong cohesion and leadership. At the theoretical level, our Party deeply grasps the internal laws of Marxist innovation and development, has established Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and persists in using this innovative theory to arm minds, guide practice, and advance work, enabling the Chinese people to cultivate an ideological identity character of “Marxism works, Marxism is good” through the perception of meaning and the confirmation of function. At the practical level, our Party continuously strengthens cadres’ and the masses’ theoretical cognition of Marxism, political understanding of the Chinese Communist Party, and emotional consensus on socialism with Chinese characteristics by strengthening ideological and political education and promoting academic research and popularization of Marxist theory, effectively enhancing national identity in the process of strengthening mainstream ideological identity. On the other hand, consolidating the dominance of core socialist values in the social value system and uniting the value consensus of the masses. Identification with core socialist values is an inevitable prerequisite for national identity. Core values are the value integration of national system design, policy and regulation formulation, and judicial and administrative behavior. When citizens accept and endorse the core values advocated by the state, national identity transcends the emotional level of belonging based on the living community and shifts to the rational level of universal value identity. The Chinese Communist Party has explored and condensed core socialist values that can represent the greatest common denominator of values for the entire Party, the whole society, and the entire people, and has integrated them into the entire process of the national education system, cultural-ethical progress, cultural product creation practices, and civic moral construction through institutionalized pathways, making them a value “common sense” for the whole society to follow, thereby cultivating the cultural psychology of national identity on the basis of realizing social value integration.

在多民族国家中，国家认同处于最高认同层次，“决定着国家政权的合法性，是国家凝聚力的精神基石，是国家生存和发展的内在动力”。从政治学视角来看，凝聚广泛而稳固的国家认同是现代国家建设进程中执政党面临的核心命题。就文化领导权而言，其政治意义不仅是巩固政党执政合法性的基础，更体现为实现政治合法性的文化证成——当经济发展带来的绩效合法性面临边际效应递减时，植根于文化深层结构的意识形态认同与价值认同就成为政治共同体存续的稳定支撑。由此，党的文化领导权建设不应简单地理解为政治权力向文化领域的延伸，其实质是提升国家认同的政治性实践。新时代党的文化领导权建设的国家认同旨趣主要体现在以下两个方面：一方面，巩固马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位，引导人民群众树立马克思主义信仰。我们党始终将坚持马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位作为全面领导宣传思想文化工作的现实性和战略性任务，将增强国家认同作为建设具有强大凝聚力和引领力的社会主义意识形态的核心诉求。从理论层面看，我们党深刻把握马克思主义创新发展的内在规律，创立了习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想，坚持用这一创新理论武装头脑、指导实践、推动工作，使中国人民在意义感知与功能确认中培育“马克思主义行、马克思主义好”的意识形态认同品格。从实践层面看，我们党通过加强思想政治教育、推动马克思主义理论的学术研究和普及宣传等，不断强化干部、群众对马克思主义的理论认知，对中国共产党的政治理解，对中国特色社会主义的情感共识，在增强主流意识形态认同中有效提升国家认同。另一方面，巩固社会主义核心价值观在社会价值系统中的主导性，凝聚人民群众的价值共识。社会主义核心价值观认同是国家认同的必然前提。核心价值观是国家制度设计、政策法规制定、司法行政行为的价值统摄，当公民接受与认可国家倡导的核心价值观时，国家认同就突破了情感层面的以生活共同体为界限的归属感认同，转向理性层面的具有普遍意义的价值认同。中国共产党探索和凝练出能够代表全党、全社会和全国人民最大价值公约数的社会主义核心价值观，并通过制度化路径将其融入国民教育体系、精神文明创建、文化产品创作实践以及公民道德建设全过程，使其成为全社会共同遵循的价值“常识”，从而在实现社会价值整合的基础上，培育国家认同的文化心理。

3. The Party’s cultural leadership construction in the New Era is a governance strategy characterized by the coordinated planning of cultural production, management, and dissemination

3.新时代党的文化领导权建设是以统筹文化生产、管理与传播为表征的治理方略

Against the backdrop of informatization, facing the new situation where technological revolution reshapes cultural production mechanisms, value pluralism deconstructs traditional authority, and civilizational exchanges reconstruct the international discourse order, our Party maintains cultural order, promotes cultural development, and resolves cultural conflicts through policy formulation, institutional innovation, and resource allocation. This has become an important dimension for promoting the modernization of the national cultural governance system and governance capacity. In this sense, the Party’s cultural leadership construction is a governance strategy through which our Party promotes high-quality cultural development by coordinating and leading cultural production, management, and dissemination. In the dimension of cultural production, it clarifies that Marxism is the banner and soul of cultural development, achieves the deep integration of core socialist values into the field of cultural production by improving the guidance mechanism for literary and artistic creation and production, perfecting the evaluation system for cultural products, and supporting key literary and artistic projects, establishes a cultural production system that always benchmarks socialism with Chinese characteristics, realizes a dynamic balance between political direction and the laws of artistic creation for cultural production subjects, and ensures that content production, product creation, and symbolic construction in fields such as literature and art, online culture, and entertainment and film always serve the people and the overall situation of socialist modernization. In the dimension of cultural management, by issuing documents such as the “Opinions on Strengthening and Improving Ideological and Political Work in the New Era,” the “Opinions on Promoting the Implementation of the National Cultural Digitalization Strategy,” and the “Implementation Plan for the Cultural Protection, Inheritance, and Utilization Project,” it constructs a cultural management institutional framework that meets the requirements of the New Era, continuously improving the institutionalization, standardization, and scientific level of cultural management work. At the same time, it continues to deepen the reform of “delegating power, improving regulation, and strengthening services” in the cultural field, transforming the functions of cultural administrative departments to effectively solve problems such as decentralized management and fragmented division of labor in the organization and management of cultural work; improving the cultural market supervision system to accelerate the construction of a unified, open, efficient, orderly, and competitive cultural market; and encouraging social organizations and industry associations to participate in cultural governance, achieving a benign interaction between government regulation, market dominance, and social self-discipline, comprehensively enhancing the effectiveness of cultural governance. In the dimension of cultural dissemination, it focuses on enhancing the communication power, guidance power, influence, and credibility of mainstream culture, using the construction of an all-media communication system to deeply embed the Party’s innovative theories and policies, mainstream social public opinion and core values, the collective memory of the Chinese nation, and the Chinese spirit of the New Era into the diverse communication ecosystem. This not only creates a cultural interaction pattern that connects the Party’s heart with the people’s heart but also actively fosters a clean and upright public opinion environment, “so that the entire people are closely united in ideals, beliefs, values, and moral concepts, making positive energy stronger and the main melody louder.” [6]6 This quotation is from Xi Jinping’s report to the 19th National Congress of the CPC in 2017, emphasizing the need to consolidate public opinion and strengthen mainstream ideology. In addition, it attaches great importance to international cultural dissemination work, strengthening international communication capacity building, and by constructing Chinese discourse and narrative systems, promoting Chinese propositions, promoting Chinese culture, shaping China’s image, and enhancing the communication power and influence of Chinese civilization. In summary, the Chinese Communist Party, through ideological empowerment in the cultural production link, institutional norm construction in the cultural management link, and value discourse shaping in the cultural dissemination link, shapes a cultural leadership paradigm with Chinese characteristics and the features of the times in the process of advancing the modernization of cultural governance.

在信息化背景下，面对技术革命重塑文化生产机制、价值多元解构传统权威、文明交往重构国际话语秩序的新形势，我们党通过政策制定、制度创新、资源调配等方式维护文化秩序、促进文化发展、解决文化冲突，这成为推动国家文化治理体系与文化治理能力现代化的重要维度。在这个意义上，党的文化领导权建设是我们党通过统筹引领文化生产、管理与传播，促进文化高质量发展的治理方略。在文化生产维度，明确马克思主义是文化发展的旗帜与灵魂，通过健全文艺创作生产引导工作机制、完善文化产品评价体系、扶持重点文艺项目等方式，实现社会主义核心价值观在文化生产领域的深度融入，建立起始终标定中国特色社会主义的文化生产体系，实现文化生产主体在政治方向与艺术创作规律之间的动态平衡，确保文学艺术、网络文化、娱乐影音等领域的内容生产、产品创造及符号建构始终服务于人民、服务于社会主义现代化建设大局。在文化管理维度，通过出台《关于新时代加强和改进思想政治工作的意见》《关于推进实施国家文化数字化战略的意见》《文化保护传承利用工程实施方案》等，构建起适应新时代要求的文化管理制度框架，持续提高文化管理工作的制度化、规范化、科学化水平。与此同时，持续深化文化领域“放管服”改革，以转变文化行政管理部门职能，切实解决文化工作组织管理中多头分散、条块分割等问题；以完善文化市场监管体系，加快构建统一开放、高效规范、竞争有序的文化市场；以鼓励社会组织、行业协会等参与文化治理，实现政府调节、市场主导和社会自律的良性互动，全面提升文化治理效能。在文化传播维度，着力提升主流文化的传播力、引导力、影响力、公信力，以全媒体传播体系建设推动党的创新理论与方针政策、社会主流舆论与核心价值、中华民族集体记忆与新时代中国精神在多元传播生态中深入人心，既打造党心民心相通的文化互动格局，又积极营造风清气正的舆论环境，“使全体人民在理想信念、价值理念、道德观念上紧紧团结在一起，让正能量更强劲、主旋律更高昂”。此外，高度重视国际文化传播工作，加强国际传播能力建设，通过构建中国话语和中国叙事体系，宣介中国主张、弘扬中华文化、塑造中国形象，增强中华文明的传播力与影响力。总之，中国共产党以文化生产环节的意识形态赋权、文化管理环节的制度规范建构、文化传播环节的价值话语塑造，在推进文化治理现代化进程中形塑出具有中国特色、时代特征的文化领导范式。

The core essence of the Party’s cultural leadership construction in the New Era reveals a profound dialectical materialist implication: mastering ideological leadership is fundamental, delineating the fundamental political direction of the Party’s leadership in cultural construction; strengthening national identity is the foundation, anchoring the goal orientation of the Party’s leadership in cultural construction; promoting the modern transformation of cultural governance is key, establishing the practical framework for the Party’s leadership in cultural construction. These three dimensions have internal consistency in their goal orientation, support each other in the practical process, and advance in coordination. They not only reveal the operational mechanism of the Party’s cultural leadership as “soft power” but also reflect the Party’s innovative exploration in reforming the cultural construction paradigm in the process of socialist modernization. By confronting and resolving the prominent contradictions and problems existing in mastering ideological leadership, consolidating national identity, and enhancing governance effectiveness, the Chinese Communist Party has achieved a three-dimensional integration of ideological leadership, identity cohesion, and governance radiation, continuously opening up new realms for the construction of socialist cultural leadership with Chinese characteristics.

新时代党的文化领导权建设的核心要义彰显出深刻的实践辩证法意蕴：掌握思想领导是根本，规约了党领导文化建设的根本政治方向；强化国家认同是基础，锚定了党领导文化建设的目标导向；推进文化治理现代转型是关键，搭建了党领导文化建设的实践框架。这三个维度在目标指向上具有内在一致性，在实践过程中相互支撑、协同推进，既揭示了党的文化领导权作为“软性权力”的运作机理，又体现出党在社会主义现代化建设进程中革新文化建设范式的创新性探索。通过直面和纾解存在于掌握思想领导、凝聚国家认同与提升治理效能中的突出矛盾和问题，中国共产党实现了思想领导力、认同凝聚力与治理辐射力的三维统合，不断开辟中国特色社会主义文化领导权建设的新境界。

3. The Practical Layout of the Party’s Cultural Leadership Construction in the New Era: Essential Requirements, Path Strategies, and Methodological Guidelines

三、新时代党的文化领导权建设的实践布局：本质要求、路径策略与方法依循

Forging ahead on the new journey, the cultural field faces numerous risks and challenges, placing new era demands on our Party to scientifically grasp the trends of cultural development and lead cultural construction to continuously radiate vigorous vitality and strong vitality. The Party’s cultural leadership construction in the New Era must adhere to the essential requirement of the unity of Party spirit and people-centeredness, the path strategy of the unity of systematicity and targetedness, and the methodological guideline of the unity of innovation and critique, continuously promoting the in-depth development of the Party’s cultural leadership construction.

奋进新征程，文化领域面临着诸多风险挑战，对于我们党科学把握文化发展趋势、领导文化建设持续焕发蓬勃生机与强大活力提出了崭新的时代要求。新时代党的文化领导权建设要坚持党性与人民性相统一的本质要求、系统性与针对性相统一的路径策略、创新性与批判性相统一的方法依循，不断推动党的文化领导权建设向纵深发展。

1. The unity of Party spirit and people-centeredness is the essential requirement of the Party’s cultural leadership construction in the New Era

1.党性与人民性相统一是新时代党的文化领导权建设的本质要求

General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out: “To uphold and strengthen the Party’s overall leadership over propaganda, ideology, and cultural work, it is necessary to uphold the unity of Party spirit and people-centeredness.” [7]7 “Party spirit” (党性) and “people-centeredness” (人民性) are paired concepts in CPC discourse. Party spirit refers to the political stance and discipline of the Party as the vanguard of the proletariat; people-centeredness refers to the principle of serving the people’s interests. Their unity is a standard formulation in CPC cultural policy. In the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era, the Party’s will and propositions must be organically integrated with the cultural needs of the masses. On the one hand, “upholding Party spirit means, at its core, upholding the correct political direction and taking a firm political stand.” The primary issue in constructing cultural leadership is to clarify “who leads.” The leadership of the Communist Party of China is the greatest national condition, the most salient feature, and the most essential characteristic of contemporary China. This political logic determines that the Party’s leadership over cultural construction is an inherent requirement of upholding the Party’s overall leadership. At the new historical starting point, it is necessary to clearly define that the cultural leadership of contemporary China is the cultural leadership of the Communist Party of China as the subject positioning, to resolutely safeguard the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee in the cultural sphere, to propagate the Party’s theories, line, principles, and policies, to implement and execute the Party Central Committee’s decisions and deployments concerning cultural work, and to ensure that the development of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics proceeds steadily and far-reachingly without deviating from the path or changing direction. On the other hand, “upholding people-centeredness means taking realizing, safeguarding, and developing the fundamental interests of the broadest majority of the people as the starting point and落脚点.” [8]8 The Chinese term 落脚点 (luòjiǎodiǎn) literally means “foothold” or “point of landing,” used here metaphorically to mean the ultimate goal or practical endpoint of a policy or principle. The Communist Party of China is rooted in the people and its bloodline flows from the people. The Party’s ideals and convictions, its nature and purpose, and its original aspiration and founding mission determine that the ultimate goal of constructing its cultural leadership is by no means to consolidate political power. Rather, consistently “adhering to cultural construction focusing on people and landing on people,” and satisfying the diverse, multi-level, and multi-faceted spiritual and cultural needs of the masses, constitutes the fundamental value pursuit of the Party’s cultural leadership construction. The construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era must adhere to the people-centered fundamental stance and effectively resolve the positional issue of “for whom to lead.” It is necessary to insist that cultural development is for the people, relies on the people, and that the fruits of development are shared by the people. The people’s interests, will, and aspirations must be taken as the fundamental guide for cultural construction. The principal position and pioneering spirit of the people in cultural construction must be fully respected. The fruits of cultural development must be effectively extended to benefit all the people, continuously enhancing the people’s sense of cultural participation, belonging, gain, and happiness, and strengthening the people’s profound identification with and firm support for the Party’s leadership over the socialist cultural undertaking with Chinese characteristics. In the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era, the principal role of the masses must be fully brought into play, transforming the people’s cultural needs into a powerful driving force for cultural development, and transforming the people’s cultural practices into an inexhaustible source for cultural construction. Through the integration and unification of the Party’s will and popular sentiment, the construction of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, while ensuring the correct direction of progress, can be endowed with a broad and deep subject force and social foundation.

习近平总书记指出：“坚持和加强党对宣传思想文化工作的全面领导，要坚持党性和人民性相统一。”新时代党的文化领导权建设，要把党的意志主张与人民群众的文化需求有机融合起来。一方面，“坚持党性，核心就是坚持正确政治方向，站稳政治立场”。文化领导权建设的首要议题是明晰“谁来领导”。中国共产党的领导是当代中国的最大国情、最大特色和最本质特征，这一政治逻辑决定了党领导文化建设是坚持党的全面领导的应有之义。在新的历史起点上，必须明确当代中国的文化领导权是中国共产党的文化领导权这一主体定位，坚决维护党中央在文化领域的集中统一领导，宣传党的理论和路线方针政策，贯彻执行党中央关于文化工作的决策部署，确保中国特色社会主义文化发展在道路不偏、方向不变中行稳致远。另一方面，“坚持人民性，就是要把实现好、维护好、发展好最广大人民根本利益作为出发点和落脚点”。中国共产党根基在人民、血脉在人民。党的理想信念、性质宗旨以及初心使命决定了其进行文化领导权建设的最终目的绝非巩固政权，始终“坚持文化建设着眼于人、落脚于人”，满足人民群众多样化、多层次、多方面的精神文化需求，才是党的文化领导权建设的根本价值追求。新时代党的文化领导权建设必须坚守以人民为中心的根本立场，切实解决好“为谁领导”的立场性问题。要坚持文化发展为了人民、依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享，把人民利益、人民意志和人民心声作为文化建设的根本遵循，充分尊重人民群众在文化建设中的主体地位和首创精神，切实推进文化发展成果惠及全体人民，不断提升人民群众的文化参与感、归属感、获得感与幸福感，增强人民群众对党领导中国特色社会主义文化事业的深刻认同和坚定支持。新时代党的文化领导权建设，要充分发挥人民群众的主体作用，将人民的文化需求转化为文化发展的强大动力，将人民的文化实践转化为文化建设的不竭源泉，在党心与民情的融合统一中，使中国特色社会主义文化建设在保证正确前进方向的同时具备广泛深厚的主体力量和社会根基。

2. The Unity of Systematicity and Targetedness Is the Path and Strategy for Constructing the Party’s Cultural Leadership in the New Era

2.系统性与针对性相统一是新时代党的文化领导权建设的路径策略

Cultural leadership, as an important proposition within the superstructure, must follow the law of the interaction between social being and social consciousness in its construction. It must not only adapt to the new requirements posed by changes in the economic base for cultural construction through systematic layout, but also formulate specific countermeasures targeting the principal contradictions of particular historical stages. On the one hand, systematicity is the core logic of constructing the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era. The Party’s cultural leadership is not confined to a corner of the cultural field but is established in the process of leading and coordinating the overall situation of cultural development, based on the macro-framework of cultural construction. To deeply advance the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership, it is necessary to proceed from the strategic height of building a strong socialist culture, to clarify the task book, roadmap, and timetable for cultural construction at the institutional and policy levels, and to promote the alignment of cultural construction with the nation’s overall development strategy in an interlinked and comprehensive manner. Furthermore, as a complex systemic project involving multiple directions, broad fields, and deep levels, the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership requires overall consideration of the continuity of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, the integrity of the development of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, the complexity of struggles in the ideological sphere, and the sustainability of cultural governance practices. Vertically, it is necessary to form a full-chain cultural leadership system encompassing cultural innovation, value guidance, resource integration, and the development of undertakings and industries. Horizontally, it is necessary to create a three-dimensional, multi-level cultural leadership pattern encompassing online and offline, domestic and international, positions and markets. Within the unity of the vertical and horizontal, the multiple orientations and complex links of the construction of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics are to be coordinated and led. On the other hand, targetedness is the practical requirement for constructing the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era. Since entering the New Era, the objectively existing differentiated conditions of cultural development require the Party to adhere to a problem-oriented approach in the process of constructing cultural leadership, to organically unify the cognitive understanding of the laws of cultural construction with the practical requirements, to accurately identify key contradictions and weak links in cultural construction within the systematic framework, and to adopt targeted leadership methods, approaches, rhythms, and objectives, thereby achieving precise exertion and effective coverage in the construction of cultural leadership. In response to the imbalance in cultural development between urban and rural areas, mechanisms for channeling cultural resources directly to the grassroots and digital projects for public culture should be established to achieve the sinking and sharing of cultural resources. In response to the development needs of different cultural industries, classified governance should be implemented based on industry characteristics to build a modern cultural market system. In response to the cultural needs of different audience groups, the precision of cultural services should be enhanced through segmented and personalized methods, promoting the practical satisfaction of the people’s spiritual and cultural needs. In response to the contemporary characteristics of ideological and political work, key groups such as youth and Party members and cadres should be targeted, promoting the content and forms of education to adapt to specific matters, advance with the times, and innovate according to circumstances, ensuring full coverage and no blind spots in ideological and political work. Systematicity emphasizes proceeding from a holistic perspective, promoting the overall construction of the Party’s cultural leadership to anticipate all aspects and dimensions of cultural development. Targetedness focuses on proceeding from a practical perspective, ensuring that the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership precisely addresses prominent issues in the cultural field. Through the organic combination of the two, the Party’s cultural leadership is propelled from a static “establishment of authority” to a dynamic “realization of effectiveness.” In the dialectical interaction between coordinating the overall situation and implementing precise policies, a new pattern for the development of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics is constructed, possessing both political guiding force, social cohesion, and value appeal.

文化领导权作为上层建筑领域中的重要命题，其建设必须遵循社会存在与社会意识相互作用的规律——既要通过系统性布局适应经济基础变革对文化建设提出的新要求，又要针对特定历史阶段的主要矛盾制定专项对策。一方面，系统性是新时代党的文化领导权建设的核心逻辑。党的文化领导权并非局限于文化领域的一隅，而是立足于文化建设的宏观架构，在引领与统筹文化发展全局的过程中确立起来的。深入推进党的文化领导权建设，必须从文化强国建设的战略高度出发，从制度和政策层面明确文化建设的任务书、路线图、时间表，推动文化建设在环环相扣和全面发展中与国家的总体发展战略相契合。此外，党的文化领导权建设作为一项涉及多方位、宽领域、深层次的复杂系统工程，需要统筹考虑马克思主义中国化时代化的连续性、中国特色社会主义文化发展的整体性、意识形态领域斗争的复杂性以及文化治理实践的可持续性。在纵向上形成包括文化创新、价值引领、资源整合、事业产业发展等在内的全链条文化领导体系，在横向上打造包含网上与网下、国内与国际、阵地与市场等在内的立体化、多层次的文化领导格局，在纵向和横向的统一中对中国特色社会主义文化建设的多元面向与复杂环节进行统筹引领。另一方面，针对性是新时代党的文化领导权建设的实践要求。进入新时代以来，客观存在的文化发展差异化状况，要求党在文化领导权建设过程中坚持问题导向，把文化建设的规律性认知与现实性要求有机统一起来，在系统框架下精准识别文化建设中的关键矛盾与薄弱环节，采取有针对性的领导方式、方法、节奏和目标，实现文化领导权建设的精准发力和有效覆盖。针对城乡之间的文化发展不平衡问题，建设文化资源直达基层机制和公共文化数字化工程，实现文化资源的下沉和共享；针对不同文化行业的发展需求，结合行业特点实施分类治理，打造现代化文化市场体系；针对不同受众群体的文化需求，通过分众化和个性化的方式提升文化服务的精准度，推动人民群众的精神文化需求得到切实满足；针对思想政治工作的时代特点，抓住青年和党员干部等重点群体，推进教育内容与形式因事而化、因时而进、因势而新，确保思想政治工作全覆盖、无盲区。系统性强调从全局视角出发，推动党的文化领导权建设整体前瞻文化发展的各环节各方面；针对性注重从实践视角入手，确保党的文化领导权建设精准对接文化领域的突出问题。以二者的有机结合推动党的文化领导权从静态的“权威确立”转向动态的“效能实现”，在统筹全局与精准施策的辩证互动中，构建起兼具政治引领力、社会凝聚力与价值感召力的中国特色社会主义文化发展新格局。

3. The Unity of Innovativeness and Criticalness Is the Methodological Basis for Constructing the Party’s Cultural Leadership in the New Era

3.创新性与批判性相统一是新时代党的文化领导权建设的方法依循

The effectiveness of the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era is based on the innovative development of culture and is consolidated in the process of eliminating various adverse factors that hinder cultural progress. Adhering to the unity of innovativeness and criticalness is the methodological principle of the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era. On the one hand, innovation and creation are the necessary path for the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era. “Only by continuously engaging in cultural creation amid practical creation and constantly achieving cultural progress amid historical progress can cultural leadership always be secured.” The grandness of the goal of comprehensively advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the arduousness of the tasks, and the complexity of the situation require our Party to continuously lead and guide cultural innovation, using cultural innovation and creation achievements with higher value and influence to provide lasting and profound spiritual support for the construction of a strong country. It is necessary to adhere to the fundamental principles of cultural innovation, such as the “serving the people and serving socialism” direction [9]9 The “serving the people and serving socialism” direction (二为方向) is a fundamental principle of Chinese cultural policy, emphasizing that culture should serve the people and the cause of socialism., the “letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend” policy [10]10 The “letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend” policy (双百方针) is a Chinese policy encouraging diversity in artistic and academic expression, first proposed by Mao Zedong in 1956., adhering to creative transformation and innovative development, and adhering to exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations. By deepening the reform of the cultural system and mechanism, creating a favorable cultural ecosystem, and promoting the deep integration of science and technology with culture, we must break through cultural thinking patterns, enrich the contemporary connotations of culture, and expand the boundaries of cultural forms. Through the full flourishing of the entire nation’s cultural innovation and creative vitality and the significant enhancement of cultural originality, we ensure that the Party always takes the initiative in the complex and ever-changing cultural development landscape. On the other hand, criticism and struggle are important means for the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era. Party members and cadres must dare to take a clear stand against the ideological alienation driven by the logic of capital, the value penetration of Western-centrism, and the deconstructive tendencies of historical nihilism. They must dare to self-eliminate problems within the Party such as the marginalization of spiritual and cultural pursuits, the profit-driven formulation and implementation of cultural policies, and the commodification of cultural rights. They must dare to engage in confrontation with public opinion reports that confuse right and wrong and spread rumors, and dare to counter chaos in the cultural market such as excessive commodification, entertainment, and vulgarization. They must act as warriors in propaganda, ideology, and cultural work, and through criticism and struggle in the cultural field, defend the bottom line of cultural leadership. At the new historical starting point, cultural innovation and creation and criticism and struggle in the cultural field interact and cannot be neglected: innovation provides the commanding heights of value guidance for criticism, while criticism clarifies practical boundaries and eliminates risks and hidden dangers for innovation. The organic unity of the two constitutes the engine and safeguard of cultural development. The construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era adheres to the methodological strategy of unifying innovativeness and criticalness, using innovation to expand cultural space, using criticism to safeguard cultural security, and, through the simultaneous establishment and negation, constructing a cultural development system that possesses both driving force and resistance.

新时代党的文化领导权建设的有效性既立基于文化的创新发展，又在清除阻碍文化进步的各种不良因素中得以巩固，坚持创新性与批判性相统一是新时代党的文化领导权建设的方法论原则。一方面，创新创造是新时代党的文化领导权建设的必由之路。“只有在实践创造中不断进行文化创造，在历史进步中不断实现文化进步，才能始终掌握文化领导权。”全面推进中华民族伟大复兴目标的宏伟性、任务的艰巨性以及形势的复杂性，要求我们党通过持续引领与指导文化创新，以具有更高价值力与影响力的文化创新创造成果为强国建设提供持久深厚的精神支撑。要坚持“二为”方向、“双百”方针，坚持创造性转化、创新性发展，坚持文明交流互鉴等文化创新基本原则，通过深化文化体制机制改革、营造良好文化生态、推进科技与文化深度融合等方式，突破文化思维定式、丰富文化时代内涵、拓展文化形式边界，以全民族文化创新创造活力的充分涌流与文化原创能力的显著提高，确保党在复杂多变的文化发展格局中始终占据主动。另一方面，批判斗争是新时代党的文化领导权建设的重要手段。党员干部要对资本逻辑裹挟的思想异化、西方中心主义的价值渗透、历史虚无主义的解构倾向敢于亮剑，对党内存在的精神文化追求边缘化、文化政策制定与执行逐利化、文化权利商品化等问题敢于自我革除，对颠倒黑白、造谣生事等舆论报道敢于交锋，对文化市场过度商品化、娱乐化、低俗化等乱象敢于回击，做宣传思想文化工作的战士，通过文化领域的批判斗争坚守文化领导权的底线。在新的历史起点上，文化创新创造与文化领域的批判斗争相互作用、不可偏废：创新为批判提供价值引领的制高点，批判为创新廓清实践边界与排除风险隐患，二者的有机统一构成文化发展的引擎与保障。新时代党的文化领导权建设坚持创新性与批判性相统一的方法策略，是以创新开拓文化空间，以批判维护文化安全，在破立并举中构建兼具驱动力与抵御力的文化发展体系。

The construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era is a path forward full of wind and rain and thorns; it will not be smooth sailing. It requires the Communist Party of China to maintain strategic resolve and grasp practical initiative in the complex international and domestic environment, to achieve the dialectical unity of political leadership and popular recognition in the combination of “the Party” and “the masses,” to achieve the dialectical unity of top-level design and problem orientation in the coordination of “the general” and “the specific,” and to achieve the dialectical unity of innovation and creation and criticism and struggle in the linkage of “establishment” and “negation,” continuously improving the construction layout of cultural leadership. Facing the new journey, it is necessary to use the standards of whether the Party’s will and propositions align with the needs of the people, whether the overall coordination of cultural construction and the precise implementation of policies for cultural issues are synergistic, and whether the progressive development of culture and the elimination of ills and disorders in the cultural field support each other, to measure and test the effectiveness of “the comprehensive advancement and concrete implementation of the Party’s cultural leadership from its own organization to Party culture and various fields of governance,” striving to better lead the people of all ethnic groups across the country to advance steadily and rapidly toward the grand goal of building a culturally strong country.

新时代党的文化领导权建设是一条充满风雨和荆棘的前进之路，不会一帆风顺，需要中国共产党在错综复杂的国际国内环境中保持战略定力、把握实践主动，在“党”与“群”的结合中实现政治引领与人民认同的辩证统一，在“总”与“分”的协同中实现顶层设计与问题导向的辩证统一，在“立”与“破”的联动中实现创新创造与批判斗争的辩证统一，不断完善文化领导权的建设布局。面向新征程，要用党的意志主张与人民群众需要是否契合、文化建设整体统筹与文化问题精准施策是否协同、文化进步发展与文化领域祛疴治乱是否互为支撑的标准，衡量和检验“党的文化领导权从自身组织到政党文化以及治国理政各领域的全方位推进、具体化落实”的成效，力求更好地带领全国各族人民蹄疾步稳地向着建成文化强国的宏伟目标奋进。

IV. The Value Implications of the Construction of the Party’s Cultural Leadership in the New Era: Cultural Prosperity, National Development, and Contribution to the World

四、新时代党的文化领导权建设的价值意蕴：文化繁荣、国家发展与世界贡献

Driven by the goal of building a culturally strong country, the construction of the Communist Party of China’s cultural leadership takes consolidating cultural subjectivity as its foundation, advancing spiritual independence and self-reliance as its key, and providing exemplary experience in cultural construction as its mission. It not only reinforces the foundation for the development of Chinese culture but also constructs the spiritual support for building a great modern socialist country, and further provides empirical wisdom for solving cultural development problems in developing countries. The construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era demonstrates profound strategic value and epochal significance in the three dimensions of cultural prosperity, national development, and contribution to the world.

在建成文化强国的目标驱动下，中国共产党的文化领导权建设以巩固文化主体性为基点，以推进精神独立自主为关键，以提供文化建设示范性经验为使命，既夯实了中华文化发展的根基，又构筑了社会主义现代化强国建设的精神支撑，更提供了破解发展中国家文化发展问题的经验智慧。新时代党的文化领导权建设，在文化繁荣、国家发展与世界贡献三个维度上彰显出深远的战略价值和时代意义。

1. Promoting cultural prosperity by consolidating cultural subjectivity is the value foundation of the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era

1.以巩固文化主体性推动文化繁荣是新时代党的文化领导权建设的价值基础

Cultural subjectivity is the foundation for the culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics to stand firm and go far, possessing strong guiding power, cohesive power, shaping power, and radiating power. The conceptual connotation of cultural subjectivity tends more toward the subjective representation of cultural builders and practitioners. In this sense, there is an inherent logical consistency between cultural subjectivity and the Party’s cultural leadership: as the practical process in which the Communist Party of China plays the leading role in culture, the process of constructing the Party’s cultural leadership is precisely the process of consolidating and enhancing cultural subjectivity, that is, cultural subjectivity “was established by the Communist Party of China leading the Chinese people on Chinese soil.” For contemporary China, the key to consolidating cultural subjectivity lies in the Communist Party of China, in the face of exchanges, integration, and confrontation with foreign cultures, using a high degree of cultural self-awareness and cultural initiative to clarify the “self” and the “other,” achieving cultural self-reliance, self-determination, and self-assertion, and constructing cultural characteristics and value markers distinct from other countries. Since its founding, the Communist Party of China has been a firm believer and practitioner of Marxism and a faithful inheritor and promoter of fine traditional Chinese culture. The organic unity of these two identities determines that adhering to the soul of Marxism and the roots of fine traditional Chinese culture is an inherent requirement of the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Communist Party of China has creatively proposed the major proposition of the “Second Integration” [11]11 The “Second Integration” (第二个结合) refers to the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with fine traditional Chinese culture, a concept formally introduced by Xi Jinping., insisting on using the truth of Marxism to activate the vital factors in fine traditional Chinese culture, actively promoting the enrichment of Marxism’s cultural life with fine traditional Chinese culture. This has effectively resolved the “ancient-modern, Chinese-Western debate,” distilled and elevated from national culture the value concepts of “world view,” “harmony and unity view,” and “righteousness and benefit view” with global significance, forming a new narrative of Chinese-path modernization distinct from Western modernity. It has also eliminated erroneous trends such as cultural conservatism, cultural nihilism, and historical nihilism, enhancing the Chinese nation’s historical initiative and innovative creativity in the field of cultural development, and unprecedentedly highlighting Chinese cultural subjectivity. The construction of the Party’s cultural leadership enables the innovation and creation of the Chinese nation at the ideological and cultural level to exhibit distinct Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, and Chinese manner, enhancing the autonomous transformation capability of Chinese culture in global cultural exchanges and mutual learning, and greatly consolidating the foundation for the Chinese nation to stand proudly among the nations of the world.

文化主体性是中国特色社会主义文化立得住、行得远，拥有强大引领力、凝聚力、塑造力、辐射力的根基。文化主体性的概念内涵更多倾向于文化建设者、实践者的主体性表征。在这个意义上，文化主体性与党的文化领导权存在着内在的逻辑自洽：作为中国共产党发挥文化领导主体作用的实践进程，党的文化领导权建设进程就是文化主体性得以巩固与增强的进程，即文化主体性“是中国共产党带领中国人民在中国大地上建立起来的”。对于当代中国而言，巩固文化主体性的关键在于中国共产党在面对外来文化的交流交融交锋中，以高度的文化自觉意识与文化主动精神，明晰“自我”与“他者”，实现文化的自立、自主与自为，建构起区别于其他国家的文化特质和价值标识。中国共产党自成立以来就是马克思主义的坚定信仰者和践行者、中华优秀传统文化的忠实继承者和弘扬者，两重身份的有机统一决定了坚守马克思主义魂脉与中华优秀传统文化根脉，是党的文化领导权建设的题中之义。党的十八大以来，中国共产党创造性地提出“第二个结合”的重大命题，坚持用马克思主义的真理之光激活中华优秀传统文化中富有生命力的优秀因子，积极推动以中华优秀传统文化充实马克思主义的文化生命，既有力地化解了“古今中西之争”，在民族文化中提炼升华出具有世界意义的“天下观”、“和合观”、“义利观”等价值理念，形成了区别于西方现代性的中国式现代化新叙事，又消弭了文化保守主义、文化虚无主义、历史虚无主义等错误思潮，增强了中华民族在文化发展领域的历史主动与创新创造力，中华文化主体性空前彰显。党的文化领导权建设使中华民族在思想文化层面的创新创造呈现出鲜明的中国特色、中国风格、中国气派，增强了中华文化在全球文化交流互鉴中的自主转型能力，极大地巩固了中华民族屹立于世界民族之林的根基。

2. Supporting national development by advancing spiritual independence and self-reliance is the value orientation of the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era

2.以推进精神独立自主支撑国家发展是新时代党的文化领导权建设的价值导向

Spiritual independence and self-reliance is the spiritual foundation for a modern nation-state to maintain its independence in the political, ideological, and institutional spheres, and is an inevitable prerequisite for a country to achieve modernization. The realization of spiritual independence and self-reliance is closely related to the cultural leadership of the ruling party, prominently manifested in the ruling party’s leadership of cultural construction with “an independent mode of thinking, values, and methods of action that are not subject to the influence of others,” constructing a cultural system with national characteristics, and forming a spiritual character and cultural conviction of “adhering to one’s own path” in national construction. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, based on the great historical practice and contemporary practice of the Chinese nation, has extended the important principle of independence and self-reliance, which is fundamental to the founding of the Party and the nation, to the entire process of leading cultural construction, providing a fundamental guarantee for the Chinese nation to achieve spiritual independence and self-reliance through the construction of cultural leadership. From the perspective of connotation and essential meaning, the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era has expanded the depth and breadth of spiritual independence and self-reliance. The Communist Party of China deeply integrates the essential requirements of Marxism with the historical logic of the modern transformation of Chinese civilization, establishes a thinking paradigm of “taking China as the method” in cultural exchanges, breaks the cognitive hegemony of “Western-centrism” in civilizational dialogue, and continuously promotes the Chinese nation, as a historical subject, to achieve “independence and self-reliance in ideals and beliefs, value positions, theoretical construction, spiritual motivation, and emotional expression,” endowing spiritual independence and self-reliance in the process of national development with new contemporary connotations. From the perspective of relying forces, the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era has consolidated the main force for advancing spiritual independence and self-reliance. The foundation of a nation’s spiritual independence lies in the people. With the core socialist values as the axis, the Communist Party of China, in the process of establishing the people’s spiritual beliefs, enriching their spiritual world, strengthening their spiritual strength, and enhancing their spiritual initiative, has constructed a shared spiritual home for the Chinese nation, promoting the organic unity of individual spiritual pursuits and the collective will of the nation, and gathering extensive and profound spiritual resources for independently and self-reliantly taking the path of a strong modernized country. From the perspective of practical reliance, the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era has deeply cultivated the practical foundation for realizing spiritual independence and self-reliance. The Communist Party of China deepens the reform of the cultural system and mechanism, improves the modern cultural industry system, cultivates new types of cultural business formats, and prospers cultural undertakings and industries, laying a solid “hard power” foundation for realizing spiritual independence and self-reliance through high-quality cultural development. In summary, the promoting effect of the construction of the Party’s cultural leadership in the New Era on spiritual independence and self-reliance is not a one-dimensional projection of power, but rather our Party correctly summarizing the laws of socialist cultural development, and with a more historically penetrating cultural consciousness, more systematic governance wisdom, and more creative practical plans, constructing a spiritual support system with endogeneity, stability, and sustainability for building a strong modern socialist country.

精神上的独立自主是现代民族国家在政治、思想、制度等领域保持独立性的精神根基，是国家实现现代化的必然前提。实现精神独立自主与执政党的文化领导权密切相关，突出表现为执政党以“独立的、不受他者左右的思维方式、价值观念与行为方法”领导文化建设，构建具有本国特色的文化体系，形成在国家建设中“坚持走自己的路”的精神品格和文化信念。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央立足中华民族伟大历史实践和当代实践，将独立自主这一立党立国的重要原则延伸至领导文化建设的全过程，以文化领导权建设为中华民族实现精神独立自主提供了根本保障。从内涵要义上看，新时代党的文化领导权建设拓展了精神独立自主的深度与广度。中国共产党将马克思主义的本质要求与中华文明现代转型的历史逻辑深度融合，在文化交流中确立“以中国为方法”的思维范式，在文明对话中破除“西方中心主义”的认知霸权，持续推进中华民族作为历史主体在“理想信念、价值立场、理论建构、精神动力、情感表达上的独立自主”，赋予国家发展进程中精神独立自主以新的时代内涵。从依靠力量上看，新时代党的文化领导权建设夯实了推进精神独立自主的主体力量。民族精神独立性的根基在于人民。中国共产党以社会主义核心价值观为轴心，在树立人民精神信仰、丰富人民精神世界、增强人民精神力量、提升人民精神主动中建构起中华民族共有精神家园，推动个体精神追求与民族集体意志的有机统一，为独立自主走好现代化强国之路汇聚了广泛深厚的精神资源。从现实依托上看，新时代党的文化领导权建设厚植了实现精神独立自主的实践基础。中国共产党深化文化体制机制改革，健全现代文化产业体系，培育新型文化业态，繁荣文化事业产业，以文化高质量发展为实现精神独立自主打下了坚实的“硬实力”基础。总之，新时代党的文化领导权建设对精神独立自主的促进作用并非单向度的权力投射，而是我们党正确总结社会主义文化发展规律，以更具历史穿透力的文化自觉、更具系统性的治理智慧、更具创造性的实践方案，为社会主义现代化强国建设构筑起具有内生性、稳定性和持续性的精神支撑体系。

3. Taking Chinese Wisdom to Examine the Cultural Development Issues of Developing Countries is the Value Appeal of the Construction of the Party’s Cultural Leadership in the New Era

3.以中国智慧观照发展中国家文化发展问题是新时代党的文化领导权建设的价值诉求

Culture is the foundation of a country’s survival and development, and cultural leadership concerns the political security and regime security of a country. Analyzing the tactics of Western countries in manipulating political subversion activities, their customary methods include cultural colonization means such as media hegemony, religious infiltration, and discourse control. By fabricating and disseminating inflammatory information and values, they cause the mainstream ideology of the targeted country to exhibit tendencies of marginalization, hollowing out, and labeling, weakening the people’s identification with the legitimacy of their own political system, especially the party system. In today’s world, the global ideological game is becoming increasingly complex. In this process, drawing on the experience and methods of advanced political parties in constructing cultural leadership is particularly important for developing countries to consolidate ideological security and maintain political sovereignty. As the world’s largest political party, the “Chinese wisdom” formed by the Communist Party of China in the field of cultural leadership construction has special demonstrative value. Specifically, the evolution of diverse social trends of thought, the stratified cultural needs of a population of over 1.4 billion, the intricate interweaving of cultural contradictions, and the hidden and changeable forms of cultural aggression not only confront our Party with severe cultural development and security issues as well as political risks, but also make the successful experience accumulated in the construction of cultural leadership distinctly scientific and referential. Since entering the New Era, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has attached great importance to the overall leadership of propaganda, ideology, and cultural work. In areas such as news and public opinion, ideological positions, and core values, it has accumulated experience and wisdom represented by the “Seven Efforts” [n12], and socialist culture with Chinese characteristics has shown a development trend of “the more difficult the journey, the more forward we must go” [n13]. The whole society has become more closely united around the Communist Party of China in terms of ideals and beliefs, value concepts, and moral concepts. The practice of the Communist Party of China in constructing cultural leadership in the New Era has explored a cultural development path that both adheres to the socialist direction and highlights national characteristics, achieving a synchronized resonance between Party leadership and cultural construction. This provides Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions with reference significance for the vast number of developing countries in the world to deal with problems in cultural construction and break through the suppression of Western cultural hegemony.

文化是国家生存和发展的根基，文化领导权关乎国家的政治安全和政权安全。分析西方国家操纵政治颠覆活动的伎俩，其惯常采用媒体霸权、宗教渗透以及话语掌控等文化殖民手段，通过编造和散布具有煽动性的信息与价值观，导致所针对国家主流意识形态出现边缘化、空泛化与标签化倾向，削弱民众对本国政治制度特别是政党体制的合法性认同。当今世界，全球意识形态博弈日趋复杂，在此过程中，借鉴先进政党进行文化领导权建设的经验与方法，对于发展中国家巩固意识形态安全、维护政治主权显得尤为重要。中国共产党作为世界第一大党，在文化领导权建设领域形成的“中国智慧”具有特殊的示范价值。具体而言，多元的社会思潮演进、14亿多人口的文化需求分层、纷繁复杂的文化矛盾交织、隐蔽多变的文化侵略形式，在使我们党面临着严峻的文化发展与安全问题以及政治风险的同时，也使文化领导权建设所积累的成功经验具有鲜明的科学性与可参考性。进入新时代以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央高度重视对宣传思想文化工作的全面领导，在新闻舆论、意识形态阵地、核心价值观等领域，积累了以“七个着力”为代表的经验智慧，中国特色社会主义文化呈现出“越是艰险越向前”的发展态势，全社会在理想信念、价值理念、道德观念上更加紧密地团结在中国共产党的周围。新时代中国共产党建设文化领导权的实践，探索出了一条既坚持社会主义方向又彰显民族特色的文化发展道路，实现了政党领导与文化建设同频共振，为世界上广大发展中国家应对文化建设中的问题，突破西方文化霸权压制提供了具有借鉴意义的中国智慧与中国方案。

The fate of culture is intertwined with the fate of the nation, and the cultural lineage is connected to the national lineage. History has proven that an important reason why the Communist Party of China has been able to unite and lead the Chinese people to continuously create historical achievements is that it has always, with the responsibility of being capable and decisive and the broad-minded sentiment of caring for all under heaven, accurately judged and actively adapted to the dynamic evolution of world conditions, national conditions, Party conditions, and popular sentiment, continuously advancing the construction of cultural leadership to realize a value leap from promoting national cultural rejuvenation to supporting national modernization and then to reconstructing the world cultural pattern. Standing at a new historical juncture, the Communist Party of China needs to uphold a distinct value initiative, comprehensively grasp the important role of cultural leadership construction in consolidating cultural subjectivity, promoting spiritual independence and self-reliance, and providing exemplary experience in cultural construction. With firmer cultural confidence, a more open cultural mindset, and more pragmatic cultural actions, it should lead the construction of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics to achieve new breakthrough achievements in adapting to new situations, completing new tasks, and overcoming new challenges, continuously strengthening the spiritual strength for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and making new contributions to the development and progress of human civilization.

文运同国运相牵，文脉同国脉相连。历史已经证明，中国共产党之所以能够团结带领中国人民不断创造历史伟业，一个重要原因就是其始终以能谋善断的责任担当和兼济天下的宽广情怀，精准研判并主动适应世情国情党情民情的动态演变，不断推进文化领导权建设实现从推进民族文化复兴到支撑国家现代化建设，再到重构世界文化格局的价值跃迁。站在新的历史方位，中国共产党需要秉持鲜明的价值主动，全面把握文化领导权建设在巩固文化主体性、推进精神独立自主以及提供示范性文化建设经验等方面的重要作用，以更加坚定的文化自信、更加开放的文化心态、更加务实的文化行动，引领中国特色社会主义文化建设在适应新形势、完成新任务、克服新挑战中取得新的突破性成就，不断增强实现中华民族伟大复兴的精神力量，为人类文明的发展进步作出新的贡献。

(The authors are professors and doctoral supervisors at the Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics base of the Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era)

（作者系江苏省习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心南京航空航天大学基地教授、博士生导师）

Online editor: Ma Jingren

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