Passing Down the Long March Spirit from Generation to Generation

As the only one among the five national cultural parks to take a revolutionary spirit as its theme of construction, the Long March National Cultural Park shoulders a special historical mission. In August 2021, the *Plan for the Construction and Protection of the Long March National Cultural Park* was issued, integrating the cultural relics and cultural resources of 15 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities along the Long March route. Based on the course of the Red Army’s Long March and its marching route, an overall spatial framework was constructed, with the aim of building the Long March National Cultural Park into a spiritual home that presents Long March culture, promotes the Long March spirit and carries forward the red bloodline.[n]

作为五大国家文化公园中唯一一个以革命精神为建设主题的公园，长征国家文化公园肩负着特殊的历史使命。2021年8月，《长征国家文化公园建设保护规划》印发，整合长征沿线15个省区市文物和文化资源，根据红军长征历程和行军线路构建总体空间框架，着力将长征国家文化公园建设成为呈现长征文化，弘扬长征精神，赓续红色血脉的精神家园。

Comprehensively Preserving the Carriers of the Long March Spirit

全面保存长征精神载体

The Long March, stretching from the southeast to the northwest across more than half of China, left behind a large number of cultural relics and cultural resources along its route. These are the core testimony to the historical facts of the Long March and also important carriers of the Long March spirit. An important task in building the Long March National Cultural Park is to promote cross-regional, cross-disciplinary and cross-departmental protection and display, so that these precious red cultural heritage sites can be protected more completely and systematically, thereby better achieving the goals of understanding history through objects, verifying history through objects and narrating history through objects, so that the profound connotations of the Long March spirit can be fully presented.

长征从东南到西北跨越大半个中国，在沿线留下了大量文物和文化资源，它们是长征史实的核心见证，也是长征精神的重要载体。长征国家文化公园建设的一个重要任务，就是要推动跨区域、跨学科、跨部门的保护展示，使这些珍贵的红色文化遗产得到更完整、更系统的保护，进而更好地实现以物知史、以物证史、以物讲史，使长征精神的深刻内涵得以全面展现。

Since the construction of the park began, with the continuous development of investigation and research work, the number of immovable cultural relics related to the Long March has grown from over 1,600 to 2,000, including former sites of meetings and institutions, battlefield sites, bridges and ferry crossings, slogan inscriptions in ink, and memorial facilities, providing richer material for telling the story of the Long March. In particular, various localities have strengthened research on the Long March marching routes and special investigations of related road remains. A number of historical road remains from the Long March, such as the “Red 25th Army Long March Road” in Fangcheng County, Henan Province, the “Nanshan Red Army Long March Road Remains” in Chengbu Miao Autonomous County, Hunan Province, and the “Historical Road of the Central Red Army’s Long March through the Yi Region” in Shimian County, Sichuan Province, have been discovered and included as cultural relics, filling a gap in this type of Long March cultural relic.

公园建设以来，随着调查研究工作的不断开展，长征不可移动文物数量从1600余处已增长至2000处，包含会议及机构旧址、战场遗址、桥梁渡口、标语墨书、纪念设施等，为长征故事讲述提供了更丰富的素材。特别是各地加强了对长征行军线路的研究和相关道路遗存的专项调查。河南方城县的“红二十五军长征路”、湖南城步苗族自治县的“南山红军长征路遗迹”、四川石棉县的“中央红军长征过彝区历史道路”等一批长征历史道路遗存被发现并纳入文物，填补了长征文物中这一类型的空白。

In addition, a consensus has gradually formed around the concept of the overall identification of related cultural relics formed around major historical events. Taking the former site of the Xiangjiang River Battle, a key cultural relic unit under national protection, as an example, the original composition of cultural relics mainly consisted of battle sites and martyr tombs that bore witness to the Red Army commanders and fighters’ firm ideals and convictions and their dauntless revolutionary spirit of sparing no sacrifice. During the selection process for the eighth batch of nationally protected units, several sites were specially added, such as the “Red Army Building” and the “Trial of Enemy Agents Hall,” which bear witness to the Red Army’s implementation of the Party’s ethnic policy after crossing the Xiangjiang River and entering the Miao region, and their smashing of the Kuomintang’s conspiracy. This reflects the aspect of the Long March spirit that “closely relies on the masses of the people and shares life and death with them,” thereby providing more complete and richer material support for the overall course of the Xiangjiang River Battle, its moving stories and the spiritual connotations of the Long March it carries.

此外，围绕重大历史事件形成相关文物的整体认定这一理念也逐步形成共识。以全国重点文物保护单位湘江战役旧址为例，原有文物构成以见证红军指战员坚定理想信念，不惜付出一切牺牲的大无畏革命精神的战斗遗址和烈士墓为主。在第八批国保单位遴选过程中又特别增补了见证红军渡过湘江进入苗族地区后贯彻党的民族政策，粉碎国民党阴谋的“红军楼”“审敌堂”等几处，体现了长征精神中的“紧紧依靠人民群众，同人民群众生死相依”，从而使湘江战役的整体历程、感人故事及其所承载的长征精神内涵都有了更完整丰富的实物支撑。

In addition to cultural relics, the areas along the Long March also retain physical remains such as famous historical and cultural cities, towns and villages, traditional villages and historical buildings; intangible remains such as Long March stories and related literary and artistic works; and important natural ecological resources such as snow-capped mountains, wetlands, great rivers and dense forests. These are all important testimonies to the course of the Long March and play an irreplaceable role in fully presenting the historical facts of the Long March and inheriting the Long March spirit. The construction of the national cultural park has prompted various departments to work together, effectively promoting the coordinated protection of these resources. In 2022, the National Cultural Heritage Administration and the National Forestry and Grassland Administration jointly announced the first batch of 12 “red grasslands,” which included the Hongyuan Grassland, Songpan Grassland and Ganzi Grassland, which bear witness to the Red Army’s crossing of the grasslands and the rendezvous of the Second and Fourth Front Armies. Support was provided for the red grasslands to expand their red education functions through activities such as conducting themed educational activities and building themed trails. This move effectively strengthened the systematic protection and joint display of Long March cultural relics and grassland ecology, making up for the shortcoming that the Red Army’s crossing of the grasslands lacked cultural relic support, making it difficult to tell the related stories well.

除了文物以外，长征沿线还保留了历史文化名城名镇名村、传统村落、历史建筑等实物遗存，长征故事和相关文艺作品等非物质遗存，以及雪山、湿地、大河、密林等重要自然生态资源。它们都是长征历程的重要见证，对全面展现长征史实、传承长征精神有着不可替代的作用。国家文化公园建设促使各有关部门协同发力，有力推动了这些资源的统筹保护。2022年，国家文物局、国家林业和草原局共同公布了第一批12处“红色草原”，其中就包括了见证红军长征过草地及二、四方面军会师的红原草原、松潘草原及甘孜草原，并支持红色草原通过开展主题教育活动、建设主题游径等方式拓展其红色教育功能。此举有效加强了长征文物与草原生态的系统保护与联合展示，弥补了红军长征过草地缺少文物支撑、难以讲好相关故事的短板。

Vividly Interpreting the Connotations of the Long March Spirit

生动阐释长征精神内涵

On the basis of consolidating the foundation of resource protection, localities along the Long March have continuously strengthened research on the connotations of the Long March spirit, deeply excavated the historical facts and stories of the Long March, and comprehensively used various means for vivid and three-dimensional display and interpretation, enabling the public to transcend the barriers of time and space and deeply comprehend the Long March spirit.

在筑牢资源保护根基的基础上，长征沿线各地不断加强对长征精神内涵的研究、深入挖掘长征史实和故事，并综合运用多种手段进行生动立体地展示阐释，使大众能穿越时空阻隔，深刻感悟长征精神。

With the systematic development of park construction, a batch of research results, high-quality books and special exhibitions of significant value have continuously emerged. The Party History Research Office of the Sichuan Provincial Party Committee revised and published the series of books “The Red Army’s Long March in Sichuan,” especially the pictorial section, which drew detailed Long March route maps for each district and county, receiving unanimous praise from a wide range of readers, especially military history and Party history enthusiasts who retrace the Long March. In 2023, the Yan’an Revolutionary Memorial Hall took the lead in establishing the Long March Memorial Hall Alliance, further strengthening exchanges and cooperation among various memorial halls and effectively promoting the overall display of the Long March spirit.

随着公园建设工作的系统开展，一批具有重要价值的研究成果、精品书籍和专题展览得以不断涌现。四川省委党史研究室重修并出版了“红军长征在四川”系列丛书，特别是图志部分，为每个区县单独绘制了详尽的长征路线图，获得了广大读者，特别是重走长征路的军史、党史爱好者的一致好评。2023年，延安革命纪念馆牵头成立长征纪念馆联盟，进一步加强了各纪念馆之间的交流合作，有力推进了长征精神的整体展示。

In addition, various types of performing arts activities and film and television works, with their strong感染力 and immersive quality, have further enriched the depth and breadth of the presentation of the Long March spirit. Yudu, Jiangxi, the departure point for the Central Red Army’s Long March, actively innovated display methods, creating a strong red cultural atmosphere through different forms such as historical scene reenactments, multimedia stage plays and red-themed public welfare touring performances. Among them, the large-scale red cultural tourism epic drama *The First Crossing of the Long March* sparked a wave of viewing enthusiasm. As one of the landmark projects of the Guizhou Long March National Cultural Park construction, the “Red Ribbon” Long March Digital Display Experience Hall uses new technologies such as AI virtual interaction and holographic imaging to create an all-encompassing immersive digital performance, giving audiences a shocking sense of being on the scene. There are also large-scale indoor dramas such as *The Great Turn* in Zunyi City and the song-and-dance drama *The Yak Revolution* in the Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, all of which vividly convey the Long March spirit to audiences through unique artistic language. In terms of film and television, the CCTV large-scale documentary *Song of the Long March* breaks the conventions of historical narrative, cutting in from multiple perspectives such as cultural relic protection, ecological civilization, poverty alleviation, cultural inheritance and major national projects, comprehensively displaying the inheritance of the Long March spirit in the construction of the Long March National Cultural Park. Film, television and variety shows such as *The Brave’s Journey* and *New Journey to the West 2022* adopt a more international perspective and narrative style, becoming beneficial attempts to promote the international dissemination of the Long March spirit.

此外，各类演艺活动、影视作品等，以其强烈的感染力与沉浸感，进一步丰富了长征精神呈现的深度和广度。中央红军长征集结出发地江西于都积极创新展示手段，通过历史场景再现、多媒体舞台剧演出、红色主题公益巡演等不同形式，营造了浓厚的红色文化氛围。其中大型红色文旅史诗剧《长征第一渡》，引发观演热潮。作为贵州长征国家文化公园建设的标志性工程之一，“红飘带”长征数字展示体验馆运用AI虚拟交互、全息影像等新技术营造了全域沉浸式数字演艺，使观众感受到身临其境的震撼。还有遵义市的《伟大转折》大型室内剧、阿坝藏族羌族自治州的《牦牛革命》歌舞剧等，都以独特的艺术语言将长征精神生动传达至观众心中。在影视方面，央视大型纪录片《长征之歌》打破历史叙事常规，从文物保护、生态文明、脱贫攻坚、文化传承、大国重器等多角度切入，全面展现了长征国家文化公园建设中的长征精神传承。《勇敢者的征程》《新西行漫记2022》等影视、综艺作品则采用更加国际化的视角和叙事方式，成为推动长征精神实现国际传播的有益尝试。

Vigorously Carrying Out Red Education on the Long March Spirit

大力开展长征精神红色教育

In accordance with the relevant requirements of the *Plan for the Construction of the Great Wall, Grand Canal and Long March National Cultural Parks*, the construction of national cultural parks includes five major projects: protection and inheritance, research and excavation, environmental support, cultural and tourism integration, and digital reproduction. Considering the particularity of the Long March National Cultural Park, the relevant plan specifically added an education and training project, using red education to effectively promote the Long March spirit to enter the mind and heart and be passed down forever.

按照《长城、大运河、长征国家文化公园建设方案》相关要求，国家文化公园建设包含保护传承、研究发掘、环境配套、文旅融合和数字再现五大工程。考虑到长征国家文化公园的特殊性，有关规划特别增加了教育培训工程，通过红色教育有力推动长征精神入脑入心、永续传承。

Localities along the Long March, relying on teaching and training positions such as memorial halls, Party schools and cadre academies, continuously develop high-quality courses tailored to the cognitive characteristics and spiritual needs of different audiences, promote the construction of practical education bases using various resources, and actively cooperate with universities, middle schools and primary schools to extensively conduct “grand ideological and political courses,” gradually building a differentiated and three-dimensional education and training system for the Long March spirit. At the departure point of the Red 25th Army’s Long March, the “Hejiachong Academy” in Hejiachong Village, Henan Province, has launched special courses for Party and government organs and enterprise and institution employees that combine thematic teaching, exhibition hall teaching and on-site teaching, and integrates content related to rural revitalization into the courses. This allows trainees, while tracing the history of the Long March and touching the footprints of heroes, to feel the great power of struggle nurtured by this hot land and the fruits of happiness it has created, thereby deeply understanding the contemporary value of the Long March spirit.

长征沿线各地依托纪念馆、党校、干部学院等教学培训阵地，针对不同受众的认知特点和精神需求，不断研发优质课程，推动利用各类资源建设实践教育基地，并积极联合大中小学校广泛开展“大思政课”，逐步构建起分众化、立体化的长征精神教育培训体系。在红二十五军长征出发地，河南何家冲村的“何家冲学院”针对党政机关和企事业单位学员推出了包含专题教学、展馆教学、现场教学等内容相结合的特色课程，并将乡村振兴相关内容融入课程中，使学员们在追溯长征历史、触摸英雄足迹的同时，感受这片热土孕育出的奋斗伟力及其创造的幸福成果，从而深刻理解长征精神的时代价值。

Beyond classroom teaching, in order to better attract young people to approach the history of the Long March and grasp the Long March spirit, various localities have also planned and launched multiple Long March-themed study tour routes. In 2021, the three provinces of Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan cooperated to establish the Four Crossings of the Chishui River Red Alliance [2]2 The Four Crossings of the Chishui River (四渡赤水) refers to a series of military maneuvers by the Red Army during the Long March in early 1935, in which Mao Zedong's forces repeatedly crossed the Chishui River in Guizhou to break out of encirclement by Nationalist forces. It is celebrated as a classic example of strategic mobility. and released the Four Crossings of the Chishui River Red Study Tour Premium Route. Many schools and study tour institutions have successively carried out themed activities of "Retracing the Long March Road," supplemented by diverse experiential projects, such as experiencing the weaving of straw sandals, tying stretchers, rescuing the wounded, as well as learning military knowledge and understanding weapons and equipment, fully integrating physical exercise, emergency training, national defense education and revolutionary tradition education. Young people can not only experience the hardships of the Long March through hands-on practice, enhancing their sense of historical responsibility and mission of the times, but also improve their physical fitness and learn multiple practical skills, prompting the great Long March spirit to be truly internalized in the heart and externalized in action. Among them, the red study tour project of retracing the Long March road, designed by Xingwen County in Yibin City with Jianwu Village as its core, has received 220,000 study tour participants since 2021.

在课堂教学之外，为更好吸引年轻人走近长征历史、感悟长征精神，各地还策划推出了多条长征主题研学线路。2021年云贵川三省合作成立四渡赤水红色联盟，发布四渡赤水红色研学精品线路。很多学校和研学机构相继开展“重走长征路”主题活动，并辅以形式丰富的体验项目，例如在过程中体验编草鞋、绑担架、救护伤员，以及学习军事知识、了解武器装备等，将体育锻炼、应急培训、国防教育与革命传统教育充分结合起来。青少年们既能在身体力行的实践中体会长征的艰苦，增强历史责任感与时代使命感，又能提高身体素质、学习多方面实用技能，促使伟大长征精神真正内化于心、外化于行。其中，宜宾市兴文县以建武村为核心设计的重走长征路红色研学项目，自2021年至今，已接待研学团体22万人次。

As the 90th anniversary of the victory of the Long March approaches, looking back on the past and looking forward to the future, after six years of sustained effort, the construction of the Long March National Cultural Park has achieved initial results, forming many highlights and accumulating rich experience around the core goal of inheriting and promoting the Long March spirit. In the future, it is still necessary to uphold the concept of being proactive, steady, and innovative, to explore construction methods that meet the needs of the times, and to comprehensively form a system for the protection, display and inheritance of the Long March National Cultural Park that embodies the national will, reflects the national standard, represents the national image, and enjoys international reputation, so that the great Long March spirit it carries can be passed down from generation to generation, providing us with inexhaustible motivation on today's path of endeavor.

在长征胜利90周年即将到来之际，回首过去、展望未来，经过6年的持续努力，长征国家文化公园建设成效初显，围绕传承弘扬长征精神的核心目标形成了很多亮点、累积了丰富经验。未来，仍需秉持积极稳妥、开拓创新的理念，探索符合时代需求的建设方法，全面形成体现国家意志、反映国家水准、代表国家形象、享有国际美誉的长征国家文化公园保护展示传承体系，使其所承载的伟大长征精神得以代代相传，在今天的奋进道路上为我们提供不竭动力。

(Author: Du Fanding, Director of the Heritage Protection and Sustainable Development Institute at Beijing Tsinghua Tongheng Urban Planning and Design Institute, and lead compiler of the "Long March National Cultural Park Construction and Protection Plan")

（作者：杜凡丁，系北京清华同衡规划设计研究院遗产保护与可持续发展所所长，《长征国家文化公园建设保护规划》编制负责人）

Online Editor: Tongxin

网络编辑：同心