Steering the New Journey of the “15th Five-Year Plan” Development with the Party’s Overall Leadership

Upholding and strengthening the Party’s overall leadership is the fundamental guarantee for advancing Chinese-path modernization. The Proposal of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the Fifteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development (hereinafter referred to as the “Proposal”), reviewed and approved at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China [1]1 The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, held in October 2025, focused on studying and implementing the spirit of the 20th National Congress and deliberated the Proposal for the 15th Five-Year Plan., takes “upholding the Party’s overall leadership” as the primary principle that must be followed for economic and social development during the “15th Five-Year Plan” period. It emphasizes the need to enhance the Party’s ability to set directions, plan for the overall situation, formulate policies, and promote reform, to integrate Party leadership into all aspects and the entire process of economic and social development, and to gather immense strength for advancing Chinese-path modernization. This points the way for how to strengthen Party leadership during the “15th Five-Year Plan” period.

坚持和加强党的全面领导是推进中国式现代化的根本保证。党的二十届四中全会审议通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》（以下简称《建议》），把“坚持党的全面领导”作为“十五五”时期经济社会发展必须遵循的首要原则，强调要提高党把方向、谋大局、定政策、促改革能力，把党的领导贯穿经济社会发展各方面全过程，为推进中国式现代化凝聚磅礴力量，这为“十五五”时期如何加强党的领导指明了方向。

The fundamental reason for the brilliant achievements of the “14th Five-Year Plan” lies in the Party’s steering and navigation

“十四五”辉煌成就的根本在于党的领航掌舵

The “14th Five-Year Plan” period was an extremely unusual and extraordinary five years for China’s development. During the “14th Five-Year Plan” period, China’s gross domestic product successively crossed the thresholds of 110 trillion yuan, 120 trillion yuan, and 130 trillion yuan, and is expected to reach around 140 trillion yuan in 2025, maintaining a contribution rate of around 30% to world economic growth. The attainment of these achievements ultimately lies in the steering and navigation of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, and in the integration of Party leadership into the entire process and all fields and aspects of economic and social development.

“十四五”时期是我国发展极不寻常、极不平凡的五年。“十四五”时期，我国国内生产总值先后跨越110万亿元、120万亿元、130万亿元，2025年预计达到140万亿元左右，对世界经济增长的贡献率保持在30%左右。这些成就的取得，归根结底在于以习近平同志为核心的党中央领航掌舵，在于将党的领导贯穿到经济社会发展全过程各领域各方面。

The centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee resolves development difficulties. Chinese-path modernization is an unprecedented pioneering undertaking, and the path forward will inevitably face various risks and challenges. During the “14th Five-Year Plan” period, the Party Central Committee exercised strategic command, responded calmly to changes, and made key choices at critical junctures. In the second and third quarters of 2024, economic growth slowed, and China faced a situation of relatively high downward pressure on the economy. On September 26 of that year, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held a meeting, and at a critical moment and key juncture, decisively deployed a package of incremental policies, which effectively boosted social confidence, significantly recovered the economy, and successfully completed the main goals and tasks for the year’s economic and social development. Facing the rare pandemic, it adhered to putting the people and their lives above all else, making major decisions in a timely manner to coordinate epidemic prevention and control with economic and social development. Facing escalating external suppression and containment, it concentrated its energy on handling its own affairs well, cultivating new opportunities amidst crises and opening up new prospects amidst changes. Over the five years, at major historical junctures and in the face of major tests, the Party Central Committee’s judgment, decision-making, and action capabilities played a decisive role. The Party has always been the most reliable and strongest pillar of support for the Chinese people.

党中央集中统一领导破解发展难题。中国式现代化是前无古人的开创性事业，前进道路上必然面临各种风险挑战。“十四五”时期，党中央运筹帷幄、沉着应变，在一个个关键节点，作出一次次关键抉择。2024年二季度、三季度，经济增速放缓，我国一度面临经济下行压力较大的局面。当年9月26日，中共中央政治局召开会议，在关键时刻、重要节点，果断部署一揽子增量政策，使社会信心有效提振，经济明显回升，全年经济社会发展主要目标任务顺利完成。面对世所罕见的疫情，坚持人民至上、生命至上，及时作出统筹疫情防控和经济社会发展的重大决策；面对不断升级的外部打压遏制，集中精力办好自己的事，在危机中育新机、于变局中开新局。五年间，在重大历史关头、重大考验面前，党中央的判断力、决策力、行动力具有决定性作用，党始终是中国人民最可靠、最坚强的主心骨。

Party leadership runs through the entire process of high-quality development. Important theses put forward by General Secretary Xi Jinping, such as “developing new quality productive forces according to local conditions” and “seamlessly connecting the innovation chain with the industrial chain,” have led to profound changes in development concepts. Over the past five years, China’s scientific and technological innovation capabilities have significantly improved. In 2024, total R&D spending across society exceeded 3.6 trillion yuan, an increase of 48% compared to 2020. China’s ranking in comprehensive national innovation capability rose from 14th in 2020 to 10th in 2024. Major national heavy equipment such as the domestically produced large aircraft and large cruise ships have been successively unveiled, and new quality productive forces are accelerating development. In today’s China, in one second, over 1.43 million GB of data is transmitted in the cloud, nearly 6,000 parcels enter the delivery channel, and design orders from the Yangtze River Delta can be “transmitted instantly” to manufacturing bases in the west. The melody of innovation, coordination, green development, openness, and sharing allows regions across the country to play a concerto of high-quality development. These practices vividly illustrate how Party leadership ensures that high-quality development does not deviate from its course or lose its way, and leads high-quality development to achieve tangible results.

党的领导贯穿高质量发展全过程。习近平总书记提出的“因地制宜发展新质生产力”“让创新链和产业链无缝对接”等重要论断，引领发展理念深刻变革。五年来，我国科技创新能力大幅提升，2024年全社会研发投入超过3.6万亿元，较2020年增长48%，国家综合创新能力排名由2020年的第14位提升至2024年的第10位，国产大飞机、大型邮轮等大国重器相继问世，新质生产力加速发展。今日中国，一秒钟，超143万GB的数据在云端传输，近6000个快递进入寄递渠道，长三角的设计订单可以“秒传”到西部制造基地，创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的旋律，让各地奏响高质量发展的协奏曲。这些实践生动诠释了党的领导如何确保高质量发展不偏航、不走样，并且引领高质量发展取得实效。

Party leadership is the “stabilizing anchor” for the development of the cause. The “14th Five-Year Plan” outlined a grand blueprint for the future. Over the past five years, no matter how the international situation changed, the Party Central Committee has maintained strategic resolve, adhering to the principle of carrying the blueprint through to the end. Since the founding of New China, the successive implementation of fourteen medium- and long-term plans has effectively promoted economic and social development, enhanced comprehensive national strength, and improved people’s lives, creating the two miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability rarely seen in the world, opening up a new realm of state governance, and making the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation an irreversible historical process. Looking at the history of New China, the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is the fundamental guarantee for doing a good job in economic work. At critical moments and key junctures, the Party Central Committee promptly assesses the situation, makes decisions and deployments, mobilizes the initiative of all parties, ensures that China’s economic ship sails through wind and waves steadily and far, and achieves the goal of transforming institutional advantages into development advantages.

党的领导是事业发展的“定海神针”。“十四五”擘画了面向未来的宏伟蓝图。五年来，无论国际风云如何变幻，党中央始终保持战略定力，坚持一张蓝图绘到底。新中国成立后，经过十四个中长期规划的接续实施，有力推动了经济社会发展、综合国力提升、人民生活改善，创造了世所罕见的经济快速发展和社会长期稳定两大奇迹，开辟了治国理政的新境界，实现中华民族伟大复兴进入了不可逆转的历史进程。纵观新中国的历史，党中央集中统一领导是做好经济工作的根本保证，在关键时刻、重要节点，党中央及时研判形势、作出决策部署，调动各方面积极性，确保我国经济航船乘风破浪、行稳致远，实现了把制度优势转化为发展优势的目标。

The “15th Five-Year Plan” emphasizes the Party’s overall leadership, reflecting strategic vision

“十五五”规划强调党的全面领导体现战略眼光

The key to comprehensively building a modern socialist country and comprehensively advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation lies in the Party. The Proposal lists “upholding the Party’s overall leadership” as the primary principle that must be followed for economic and social development during the “15th Five-Year Plan” period. This deployment is based on the era’s orientation and grasps the laws of development, demonstrating our Party’s strategic sobriety and historical initiative in governing the country.

全面建设社会主义现代化国家、全面推进中华民族伟大复兴，关键在党。《建议》将“坚持党的全面领导”列为“十五五”时期经济社会发展必须遵循的首要原则，这一部署立足时代方位、把握发展规律，彰显了我们党治国理政的战略清醒和历史主动。

The practical requirements of the era’s orientation. Currently, the world is undergoing changes unseen in a century, accelerating in intensity. Relations among major countries are undergoing profound adjustments, and uncertainties and unpredictable factors in the international situation are increasing. Domestically, although the foundation for development is solid and advantages are prominent, deep-seated contradictions have not yet been fundamentally resolved, scientific and technological innovation capabilities still need to be enhanced, and there are many shortcomings in the field of people’s livelihood. The Plenary Session made the judgment that “China’s development is in a period where strategic opportunities and risks and challenges coexist, and uncertainties and unpredictable factors are increasing,” accurately grasping the characteristics of the times. The more complex the situation, the more necessary it is to strengthen Party leadership. The concentrated manifestation of Party leadership in risk response is its ability to build a solid safety barrier for economic and social development. From the perspective of international competition, the game surrounding technology, industry, and rules is becoming increasingly fierce, requiring the Party to coordinate both domestic and international situations and win strategic initiative amidst fierce competition. From the perspective of domestic development, the “15th Five-Year Plan” faces the dual tasks of consolidating and expanding advantages and breaking through bottlenecks, requiring the Party to play its role in commanding the overall situation and coordinating all parties, gathering the strength of all sides towards high-quality development. The Plenary Session placing Party leadership as the primary principle is an inevitable choice for responding to risks and challenges and grasping strategic opportunities.

时代方位的现实要求。当前，世界百年变局加速演进，大国关系深刻调整，国际形势不确定性难预料因素增多；国内发展虽然基础稳固、优势突出，但深层次矛盾尚未根本解决，科技创新能力仍需提升，民生领域存在不少短板。全会作出“我国发展处于战略机遇和风险挑战并存、不确定难预料因素增多的时期”的判断，精准把握了时代特征。越是形势复杂，越要强化党的领导。党的领导在风险应对中的集中体现，是能够为经济社会发展筑牢安全屏障。从国际竞争看，围绕科技、产业、规则的博弈日趋激烈，需要党统筹国内国际两个大局，在激烈竞争中赢得战略主动；从国内发展看，“十五五”面临巩固拓展优势、破除瓶颈制约的双重任务，需要党发挥总揽全局、协调各方的作用，把各方面力量凝聚到高质量发展上来。全会将党的领导置于首要原则，正是应对风险挑战、把握战略机遇的必然选择。

The fundamental guarantee for realizing Chinese-path modernization. Chinese-path modernization is socialist modernization led by the Communist Party of China. Party leadership directly concerns the fundamental direction, future destiny, and ultimate success or failure of modernization. To accomplish the goals and tasks of the “15th Five-Year Plan” period, it is necessary to improve the Party’s governance capacity and leadership level. The advantage of Party leadership lies in the Party’s extraordinary ability to organize and mobilize, coordinate overall plans, and implement and execute, enabling it to fully leverage the unique advantage of concentrating resources to accomplish major tasks. The development goals for the “15th Five-Year Plan” outlined by the Plenary Session require the Party’s overall leadership to be realized. Party leadership determines the socialist nature of Chinese-path modernization, ensuring that modernization construction always takes meeting the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life as its fundamental purpose. Party leadership can anchor the goals of modernization for sustained effort, avoiding short-sighted behavior and vacillation in development. Party leadership can stimulate strong momentum for modernization construction, removing institutional and mechanistic obstacles through comprehensively deepening reform, and unleashing development vitality.

实现中国式现代化的根本保证。中国式现代化是中国共产党领导的社会主义现代化，党的领导直接关系现代化的根本方向、前途命运和最终成败。完成“十五五”时期目标任务，必须提高党的执政能力和领导水平。党的领导的优势，在于党具有非凡的组织动员能力、统筹协调能力、贯彻执行能力，能够充分发挥集中力量办大事的独特优势。全会擘画的“十五五”发展目标需要党的全面领导来实现。党的领导决定了中国式现代化的社会主义性质，确保现代化建设始终以满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要为根本目的；党的领导能够锚定现代化目标持续发力，避免发展中的短视行为和摇摆不定；党的领导能够激发现代化建设的强劲动力，通过全面深化改革破除体制机制障碍，释放发展活力。

The core bond for uniting the people’s strength. Party leadership is the core force for uniting the people’s strength and achieving common prosperity, determining the ultimate success or failure of economic and social development. During the “14th Five-Year Plan” period, from the consolidation and expansion of achievements in poverty alleviation to the solid advancement of common prosperity, from the continuous increase in employment positions to the constant improvement of the social safety net, the people’s sense of gain, happiness, and security has been continuously enhanced, gathering strong synergy for development. The “15th Five-Year Plan” proposal further highlights the orientation towards people’s livelihood, proposing a series of measures such as improving the mechanism for promoting consumption, increasing the proportion of government investment in people’s livelihood projects, and perfecting the social security system. The key reason these deployments can be effectively implemented lies in the Party’s ability to open up the “last kilometer” of connecting with and serving the masses, transforming the Party’s propositions into the conscious actions of the masses. By developing whole-process people’s democracy, extensively listening to public opinion and gathering collective wisdom, the planning process becomes a process of building consensus, guiding the entire people to deeply understand the stage-specific characteristics and requirements of China’s economic and social development during the “15th Five-Year Plan” period, and extensively gathering people’s hearts, consensus, wisdom, and strength for advancing Chinese-path modernization.

凝聚人民力量的核心纽带。党的领导是凝聚人民力量、实现共同富裕的核心力量，决定经济社会发展的最终成败。“十四五”时期，从脱贫攻坚成果的巩固拓展到共同富裕的扎实推进，从就业岗位的持续增加到社会保障网的不断完善，人民群众的获得感幸福感安全感不断增强，为发展凝聚了强大合力。“十五五”规划建议进一步凸显民生导向，提出完善促进消费制度机制、提高民生类政府投资比重、健全社会保障体系等一系列举措。这些部署之所以能够落地见效，关键在于党能够打通联系服务群众的“最后一公里”，将党的主张转化为群众的自觉行动。通过发展全过程人民民主，广泛听取民意、汇聚民智，让规划编制成为凝聚共识的过程，引导全国人民深刻认识“十五五”时期我国经济社会发展的阶段性特征和要求，为推进中国式现代化广泛凝聚人心、凝聚共识、凝聚智慧、凝聚力量。

Implementing the comprehensive leadership of the Party in the deployment of the 14th Five-Year Plan

推动党的全面领导在“十五五”部署中落到实处

Adhering to the comprehensive leadership of the Party, especially the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, is not only the most important experience in achieving great successes in the past, but also the fundamental guarantee for ensuring the implementation and effectiveness of the 14th Five-Year Plan. To vigorously promote economic and social development during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, we must firmly grasp the important principle of “adhering to the comprehensive leadership of the Party” and solidly carry out all work.

坚持党的全面领导特别是以习近平同志为核心的党中央集中统一领导，既是过去取得伟大成就最重要的经验，也是确保“十五五”规划落地见效的根本所在。奋力推动“十五五”时期经济社会发展，必须牢牢把握“坚持党的全面领导”这一重要原则，扎扎实实做好各项工作。

Strengthen political guidance and consolidate the ideological foundation. Party leadership is first and foremost political leadership, and ideological unity is the foundation of political unity. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, strengthening political guidance must take arming the mind with the Party’s innovative theories as the primary task, and continue to use Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to unify thought, will, and action. Only in this way can we ensure the timely realization of the goals and tasks of the 14th Five-Year Plan and the smooth advancement of Chinese-path modernization. It is necessary to deeply study and implement the spirit of the plenary session, profoundly understand the decisive significance of the Two Establishments, enhance the Four Consciousnesses, strengthen the Four Confidences, and achieve the Two Upholds, ensuring that we maintain a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core in thought, politics, and action. In practice, it is necessary to improve the implementation mechanism for the major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee. Party committees (leading Party groups) at all levels must earnestly assume leadership responsibilities, decompose the goals of the 14th Five-Year Plan into specific tasks, clarify the division of responsibilities, and strengthen coordination and cooperation. It is necessary to leverage the role of Party committee deliberation and coordination bodies, strengthen top-level design and overall coordination in major areas such as industrial upgrading, technological innovation, and regional coordination, and ensure that the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee take root and bear fruit. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen ideological propaganda and guidance, clearly explain the development direction and key tasks during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, and consolidate the ideological consensus of “drawing the blueprint through to the end.” [2]2 “Drawing the blueprint through to the end” (一张蓝图绘到底) is a Chinese political idiom meaning to maintain strategic focus and policy continuity, ensuring that long-term plans are implemented consistently without being altered by changes in leadership or short-term considerations.

强化政治引领，筑牢思想根基。党的领导首先是政治领导，而思想统一是政治统一的基础。“十五五”时期，强化政治引领必须把用党的创新理论武装头脑作为首要任务，持续用习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想统一思想、统一意志、统一行动，只有这样，才能确保“十五五”目标任务的如期实现和中国式现代化的顺利推进。要深入学习贯彻全会精神，深刻领悟“两个确立”的决定性意义，增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”、做到“两个维护”，确保在思想上政治上行动上同以习近平同志为核心的党中央保持高度一致。在实践中要完善党中央重大决策部署落实机制，各级党委（党组）要切实担负起领导责任，把“十五五”规划目标分解为具体任务，明确责任分工，加强协同配合。要发挥党委议事协调机构的作用，在产业升级、科技创新、区域协调等重大领域，加强顶层设计和统筹协调，确保党中央决策部署落地生根。同时，要加强思想宣传引导，讲清楚“十五五”时期的发展方向和重点任务，凝聚起“一张蓝图绘到底”的思想共识。

Deepen self-revolution and consolidate guarantee support. To forge iron, one must be strong oneself. Whether the Party’s leadership is strong and effective depends on the quality of Party building. The plenary session proposed “leading social revolution with the Party’s self-revolution,” pointing the direction for strengthening Party building during the 14th Five-Year Plan period. It is necessary to persistently advance comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, and maintain the strict tone, strict measures, and strict atmosphere over the long term, ensuring that the Party always remains the strong leading core of Chinese-path modernization. In concrete practice, three priorities should be highlighted: first, improve the supervision system, perfect the Party and state supervision system, focus on key areas and critical links, strengthen supervision over “top leaders” and leading groups, ensure the standardized operation of power, and ensure that leading groups at all levels and the “key minority” truly become the strong leading core, organizers, and promoters of implementing the Proposal; second, deepen work style construction, persistently implement the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulations of the Central Committee, resolutely rectify formalism and bureaucracy, allow cadres to devote more energy to implementation, and become leaders and role models for implementing the Proposal with an excellent work style; third, resolutely punish corruption, fight the tough, protracted, and overall battle against corruption, deepen reforms to block the breeding and spread of corruption, and create a clean and upright political ecosystem. At the same time, it is necessary to adhere to the correct orientation for selecting and employing people, improve the cadre assessment and evaluation mechanism, select and cultivate a cadre team with firm political character and strong abilities, and provide talent support for the economic and social development of the 14th Five-Year Plan.

深化自我革命，夯实保障支撑。打铁必须自身硬。党的领导能否坚强有力，取决于党的建设质量。全会提出“以党的自我革命引领社会革命”，为“十五五”时期加强党的建设指明了方向。要持之以恒推进全面从严治党，把严的基调、严的措施、严的氛围长期坚持下去，确保党始终成为中国式现代化的坚强领导核心。具体实践中，要突出三个重点：一是健全监督体系，完善党和国家监督体系，聚焦重点领域、关键环节，强化对“一把手”和领导班子的监督，确保权力规范运行，确保各级领导班子、“关键少数”真正成为实施《建议》的坚强领导核心和组织者、推动者；二是深化作风建设，锲而不舍落实中央八项规定精神，坚决纠治形式主义、官僚主义，让干部把更多精力放在抓落实上，以优良的作风成为实施《建议》的带领者和模范榜样；三是坚决惩治腐败，打好反腐败斗争攻坚战、持久战、总体战，深化改革阻断腐败滋生蔓延，营造风清气正的政治生态。同时，要坚持正确用人导向，完善干部考核评价机制，选拔培养政治过硬、本领高强的干部队伍，为“十五五”经济社会发展提供人才支撑。

Focus on the livelihood orientation and gather the strength for progress. Party leadership is the core force for uniting the people’s strength and achieving common prosperity, determining the ultimate success or failure of economic and social development. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, implementing Party leadership must always put the people’s interests first, safeguard and improve people’s livelihoods through development, and gather the strength for progress through improving people’s livelihoods. The plenary session proposed “upholding the people-centered principle,” which requires Party organizations at all levels to place livelihood work in a prominent position, so that the fruits of modernization benefit all people more and more fairly. It is necessary to focus on the urgent, difficult, and anxious problems of the masses, and solidly advance livelihood projects. In terms of employment, improve the employment promotion mechanism, support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises and individual businesses, and expand employment capacity; in terms of education, advance the construction of a strong educational country, optimize the allocation of educational resources, and promote educational equity; in terms of healthcare, improve the medical and health service system, and enhance public health service capabilities; in terms of elderly care, improve the elderly care service system, and address the challenges of an aging population. At the same time, it is necessary to smooth the channels for the masses to participate in development, improve the long-term mechanism for private enterprises to participate in major project construction, stimulate the vitality of private investment, and make the people participants, builders, and beneficiaries of the 14th Five-Year Plan development. The fundamental purpose of Party leadership is to seek happiness for the people. Only in this way can we respect the principal position of the people, thereby mobilizing the initiative, creativity, and enthusiasm of the whole society, forming a vivid situation of “everyone participates, everyone does their best, everyone enjoys,” gathering the mighty force for achieving the second centenary goal, and providing a strong and lasting driving force for the steady and long-term advancement of Chinese-path modernization.

聚焦民生导向，凝聚奋进力量。党的领导是凝聚人民力量、实现共同富裕的核心力量，决定经济社会发展的最终成败。“十五五”时期，落实党的领导必须始终把人民利益放在首位，在发展中保障和改善民生，以民生改善凝聚奋进力量。全会提出“坚持人民至上”，这要求各级党组织必须把民生工作摆在突出位置，让现代化建设成果更多更公平惠及全体人民。要聚焦群众急难愁盼问题，扎实推进民生工程。在就业方面，健全就业促进机制，支持中小企业和个体工商户发展，扩大就业容量；在教育方面，推进教育强国建设，优化教育资源配置，促进教育公平；在医疗方面，完善医疗卫生服务体系，提高公共卫生服务能力；在养老方面，健全养老服务体系，应对人口老龄化挑战。同时，要畅通群众参与发展的渠道，完善民营企业参与重大项目建设长效机制，激发民间投资活力，让人民群众成为“十五五”发展的参与者、建设者和受益者。党的领导的根本目的是为人民谋幸福，只有这样，才是尊重人民主体地位，从而调动全社会的积极性主动性创造性，形成“人人参与、人人尽力、人人享有”的生动局面，汇聚起实现第二个百年奋斗目标的磅礴力量，为中国式现代化行稳致远提供强大持久动力。

Improve various systems and provide leadership guarantees. Upholding and strengthening the comprehensive leadership of the Party and the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee requires a series of important institutional arrangements and the continuous establishment and improvement of the institutional system. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, it is necessary to focus on improving and perfecting the system for implementing the Two Upholds, the various systems for firmly safeguarding the authority of the Party Central Committee and its centralized and unified leadership, the leadership system of the Party Central Committee over major work, and the organizational system for maintaining the centralized unity of the Party. In particular, it is necessary to improve the implementation mechanism for the major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, establish and improve institutional mechanisms such as task division, supervision and inspection, situation notification, and supervision and accountability for implementing the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee. By establishing a system for regularly conducting “look-backs” and reporting and notification on the implementation status of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important instructions and directives and the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, it is necessary to ensure that the orders and decrees of the Party Central Committee are unimpeded and strictly enforced, and ensure that the goals and tasks of the 14th Five-Year Plan are smoothly advanced and successfully achieved.

完善各项制度，提供领导保证。坚持和加强党的全面领导和党中央集中统一领导，需要作出一系列重要制度安排，不断建立健全制度体系。“十五五”期间，要重点健全完善落实“两个维护”的制度、坚定维护党中央权威和集中统一领导的各项制度、党中央对重大工作的领导体制、维护党的集中统一的组织制度等。特别要完善党中央重大决策部署落实机制，建立完善贯彻落实党中央决策部署的任务分工、督促检查、情况通报、监督问责等制度机制，通过建立定期就习近平总书记重要指示批示和党中央决策部署贯彻落实情况“回头看”和报告、通报制度等，确保党中央政令畅通、令行禁止，确保“十五五”目标任务顺利推进、取得成功。

[Authors: Dai Lixing, Researcher at the Institute of Marxism, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences; Guo Wenjing, Doctoral Candidate at the University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.]

[作者/戴立兴 中国社会科学院马克思主义研究院研究员；郭文静 中国社会科学院大学博士研究生。]

Online Editor: Huihui

网络编辑：慧慧