How to Combine Strict Management with Caring Support, and Incentives with Constraints

The Proposal of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development (hereinafter referred to as the “Proposal”), adopted at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC, states: “Combine strict management with caring support, and incentives with constraints, to stimulate the endogenous impetus and overall vitality of the cadre contingent.” The period of the 15th Five-Year Plan is a crucial stage for consolidating the foundation and making comprehensive efforts to basically realize socialist modernization. The tasks of reform, development, and maintaining stability are arduous and heavy, requiring the vast majority of Party members and cadres to enhance consensus, strengthen confidence, boost endogenous impetus and overall vitality, seize the momentum, continue the struggle, and strive to create a new situation in the construction of Chinese-path modernization.

党的二十届四中全会通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》（以下简称《建议》）指出，“严管厚爱结合、激励约束并重，激发干部队伍内生动力和整体活力”。“十五五”时期是基本实现社会主义现代化夯实基础、全面发力的关键时期，改革发展稳定任务艰巨而繁重，需要广大党员干部增进共识、增强信心，增强内生动力和整体活力，乘势而上，接续奋斗，奋力开创中国式现代化建设新局面。

I. The New Era and New Journey Call for Cadres Who Dare to Take Responsibility and Are Capable of Action

一、新时代新征程呼唤干部敢担当、善作为

Daring to take responsibility and being capable of action are the basic qualities and duty requirements of Party members and cadres, and are a fine tradition of our Party in continuously advancing from victory to victory. On the New Era and new journey, the world is undergoing changes unseen in a century, accelerating in intensity. Changes of the world, of the times, and of history are unfolding in ways unprecedented. During the period of the 15th Five-Year Plan, China’s development environment faces profound and complex changes, presenting a series of new issues, new challenges, and new demands for the construction of Chinese-path modernization, directly testing the strategic capability, fighting courage, and response level of the cadre contingent. Implementing the Proposal well is inseparable from a contingent of outstanding Party members and cadres who are politically reliable, of excellent quality, daring to take responsibility, and good at taking action.

敢担当、善作为是党员干部的基本素质和职责要求，是我们党不断从胜利走向胜利的优良传统。新时代新征程上，世界百年未有之大变局加速演进，世界之变、时代之变、历史之变正以前所未有的方式展开，“十五五”时期我国发展环境面临深刻复杂变化，给中国式现代化建设提出了一系列新课题新挑战新要求，直接考验干部队伍的战略能力、斗争勇气、应对水平。贯彻落实好《建议》，离不开一支政治过硬、素质优良、敢于担当、善于作为的过硬党员干部队伍。

Looking at the current situation, the capability, literacy, and sense of responsibility of the contingent of Party members and cadres have been substantially improved through the tempering of the great practice of the New Era. At the same time, some problems that cannot be ignored must also be recognized. Outstanding issues within the Party, such as impurity in ideology, organization, and conduct, have not yet been fundamentally resolved. Some Party members and cadres lack a sense of responsibility, have weak fighting skills, insufficient practical spirit, and the phenomena of formalism and bureaucracy are still relatively prominent. Some Party members and cadres have weak political acumen and need to improve their political capabilities, suffering from insufficient ability and “capability panic,” lacking the confidence to dare to take responsibility and be good at action. Some Party members and cadres, facing strict constraints, have developed a negative mentality of “more mistakes with more doing, fewer mistakes with less doing, no mistakes with no doing,” choosing to be “peaceful officials” and willingly becoming “good old guys.” A very small number of Party members and cadres mistakenly separate management and supervision from undertaking endeavors, and oppose strict management to caring support, and incentives to constraints, feeling that too strict management ties their hands, and even using strict constraints as an excuse for not taking responsibility and not acting.

从现状看，党员干部队伍的能力素养、担当精神经过新时代伟大实践的淬炼得到实质性提升。同时，也要看到一些不容忽视的问题。党内存在的思想不纯、组织不纯、作风不纯等突出问题尚未得到根本解决，一些党员干部缺乏担当精神，斗争本领不强，实干精神不足，形式主义、官僚主义现象仍较突出。有的党员干部政治敏锐性不强、政治能力有待提升，存在能力不足、“本领恐慌”的情况，缺乏敢担当、善作为的底气；有的党员干部面对严格约束产生了“多做多错、少做少错、不做不错”的消极心态，选择做“太平官”、甘愿当“老好人”；有极少数党员干部错误地把管理监督与干事创业分割开来，把严管同厚爱、激励与约束对立起来，觉得管得太严束缚了手脚，甚至把从严约束当成不担当、不作为的借口。

The root causes of these problems lie in the cadres’ own ideals, beliefs, capabilities, and sense of responsibility, as well as the organization’s inadequacies in cadre education, training, management, supervision, assessment, and evaluation, which deserve our in-depth analysis. First, some cadres have deviations in their outlook on political performance. Some cadres have wavering ideals and beliefs, weak awareness of the purpose of the Party, and an incorrect outlook on political performance. They have not clarified fundamental issues such as “for whom to establish political performance, what kind of political performance to establish, and by what means to establish political performance.” The endogenous impetus for undertaking endeavors has been fundamentally weakened; they move only when pushed, and sometimes not even then. Second, some cadres lack capability and competence. Some cadres cannot keep pace with the development of the times, habitually using old concepts to view problems, old routines to make decisions, and old methods to advance work. When facing new contradictions and problems, they have no plan, are at a loss, and are bewildered. Some cadres lack a proactive learning awareness, do not focus on improving professional competence and enhancing capability, and when facing the arduous and heavy tasks of high-quality development, serving the masses, and preventing and defusing risks, they cannot grasp the key points or find methods. Third, the cadre education and management system is not sufficiently sound. Some localities and departments have not systematically planned the organic combination of strict management with caring support, and incentives with constraints. The coordinated use of material incentives, spiritual incentives, and promotion incentives is insufficient, and the comprehensive effect of care and incentives has not been fully manifested.

这些问题的存在，究其根源，既有干部自身理想信念、能力本领、责任担当方面的原因，也有组织对干部教育培训、管理监督、考核评价方面不到位的因素，值得我们深入剖析。一是一些干部政绩观出现偏差。有的干部理想信念动摇，宗旨意识淡薄，政绩观不正，没有搞清楚“政绩为谁而树、树什么样的政绩、靠什么树政绩”等根本问题，干事创业的内生动力从根本上弱化了，推一下就动一下，甚至推而不动。二是一些干部能力本领欠缺。有的干部跟不上时代发展步伐，习惯于用老观念看问题、用老套路作决策、用老办法推工作，面对新矛盾新问题时心中无谱、束手无策、茫然无措；有的干部缺乏主动学习意识，不注重提升专业素养、增强能力本领，面对艰巨繁重的高质量发展任务、服务群众工作、防范化解风险要求，抓不住重点、找不到方法。三是干部教育管理制度不够健全。有的地方和部门没有把严管与厚爱、激励与约束有机结合起来进行系统谋划，统筹运用物质激励、精神激励、晋升激励等措施不够，关怀激励综合效应没有得到充分体现。

II. Strict Management and Supervision and Encouraging Responsible Action Are Organically Unified

二、从严管理监督与鼓励担当作为是有机统一的

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection that it is necessary to “unify strict management and supervision with encouraging responsible action, enabling cadres to reform, innovate, and undertake endeavors while abiding by rules and discipline.” This profoundly reveals the inherent unity of strict management and supervision with encouraging responsible action. To adhere to combining strict management with caring support, and incentives with constraints, it is necessary to precisely apply the “four forms” of supervision and discipline enforcement [1]1 “刻舟求剑” (looking for a sword from a moving boat) and “守株待兔” (waiting by a tree stump for a hare) are two classical Chinese idioms. The first, from the *Lüshi Chunqiu* (Spring and Autumn of Mr. Lü), mocks someone who ignores changing circumstances; the second, from *Han Feizi*, mocks someone who trusts to blind chance rather than effort., achieve the integration and fusion of discipline, law, reason, and sentiment, create a clean and upright political ecology and a good environment for undertaking endeavors, and comprehensively stimulate the initiative, enthusiasm, and creativity of the cadre contingent.

习近平总书记在二十届中央纪委四次全会上强调，要“把从严管理监督和鼓励担当作为统一起来，使干部在遵规守纪中改革创新、干事创业”。这深刻揭示了从严管理监督与鼓励担当作为的内在统一性。坚持严管厚爱结合、激励约束并重，必须精准运用监督执纪“四种形态”，做到纪法情理贯通融合，营造风清气正的政治生态和干事创业的良好环境，全面激发干部队伍的积极性、主动性、创造性。

Strict management and incentive care are like the “two wheels of a chariot” and the “two wings of a bird.” Strict management marks clear tracks for cadres to undertake endeavors, while incentive care injects continuous momentum into cadres’ endeavors. First, strict management establishes rules and clarifies bottom lines for undertaking endeavors. As the saying goes, “Strictness is love, laxity is harm, and without management or inquiry, one will go bad.” The prerequisite for undertaking endeavors is to do things cleanly. Encouraging responsible action also has bottom lines and prerequisites. Strict management and supervision aim to clarify the direction, establish rules, correct conduct, and strengthen immunity, so that Party members and cadres know what is permissible and what is not, providing a code of conduct for clean and bold action, and creating a stable and fair environment for the vast majority of Party members and cadres to undertake endeavors. Second, incentive care increases momentum and vitality for undertaking endeavors. Caring for and showing concern for cadres is a fine tradition of our Party, a necessity to ensure cadres can work with undivided attention, and an indispensable task in cadre management. By improving and perfecting the institutional system for incentivizing and caring for cadres, and implementing various requirements such as political concern, ideological care, work support, and treatment guarantees, it is possible to continuously enhance the sense of honor, belonging, and fulfillment of Party members and cadres, and fully stimulate their spirit and drive for undertaking endeavors. Third, strict management and incentive care are dialectically unified and complement each other. Strict management is a “tightening spell” [2]2 “Master switch” (总开关) is a metaphor for the fundamental worldview, outlook on life, and values that determine a person’s actions., but even more so a “protective talisman.” Its fundamental purpose is to address problems early and nip them in the bud. By solidifying daily supervision and resolving problems in their nascent state, this itself is the greatest protection and care for cadres. Caring support is a “gas station,” but even more so a “power source.” If strict supervision is absent, “caring support” may degenerate into “pampering.” Strict management and constraints are the foundation and prerequisite for the Party to manage cadres, and an inevitable requirement for the Party to maintain strict organization and high purity. Caring support and incentives are effective measures to encourage Party members and cadres to undertake endeavors, and an important guarantee for the Party to maintain cohesion and centripetal force. Strict management and caring support are indispensable and internally connected. Strict management is the greatest form of caring support, and supervision is the best form of protection. Practice has proven that good cadres are produced through strict supervision and constraints, and also through sincere care and incentives. It is necessary to clearly stand up for those who take responsibility and those who are responsible, allowing cadres to act freely and explore boldly within the boundaries of discipline and rules. Only by highly unifying the two can the vast majority of Party members and cadres always maintain the tenacity and perseverance of being forever on the road [3]3 “Greatest concerns of the state” (国之大者) is a term used by Xi Jinping to refer to the most fundamental and important affairs concerning the overall interests of the Party and the country., and radiate more vigorous vitality and drive.

从严管理与激励关爱如同“车之双轮”、“鸟之两翼”，从严管理为干部干事创业标定清晰明确的轨道，激励关爱则为干部干事创业注入源源不断的动力。一是从严管理为干事创业立规矩、明底线。常言道，“严是爱，松是害，不管不问要变坏”。干事创业的前提是干净干事，鼓励担当作为也是有底线、有前提的。从严管理监督，就是要通过明方向、立规矩、正风气、强免疫，让党员干部知道哪些可为、哪些不可为，为干净干事、大胆干事提供行动准绳，为广大党员干部营造稳定、公平的干事创业环境。二是激励关爱为干事创业增动力、添活力。关心关爱干部，是我们党的优良传统，是保证干部心无旁骛开展工作的需要，也是干部管理不可或缺的一项工作。通过健全完善激励关爱干部的制度体系，把政治上关心、思想上关怀、工作上支持、待遇上保障等各项要求落实到位，能够不断提升党员干部的荣誉感、归属感、获得感，充分激发党员干部干事创业的精气神。三是从严管理与激励关爱辩证统一、相辅相成。严管是“紧箍咒”，更是“护身符”，其根本目的在于抓早抓小、防微杜渐，通过做实日常监督，将问题解决在萌芽状态，这本身就是对干部最大的保护和关爱；厚爱是“加油站”，更是“动力源”，若离开了严格监督，“厚爱”就可能沦为“溺爱”。严管、约束是党管干部的基础、前提，是我们党保持严密组织性和高度纯洁性的必然要求；厚爱、激励是鼓励党员干部干事创业的有效举措，是我们党保持凝聚力和向心力的重要保证。严管和厚爱缺一不可、内在贯通，严管就是最大的厚爱、监督就是最好的保护。实践证明，好干部是严格监督约束出来的，也是真诚关爱激励起来的。要旗帜鲜明地为担当者担当、为负责者负责，让干部在纪律规矩范围内放开手脚、大胆探索。只有把二者高度统一起来，才能使广大党员干部始终保持永远在路上的坚韧执着，焕发出更加蓬勃的朝气和干劲。

III. Always Adhere to Combining Strict Management with Caring Support, and Incentives with Constraints

三、始终做到严管厚爱结合、激励约束并重

The magnificent journey of the times and the great cause passed down from generation to generation call for a high-quality cadre contingent to take responsibility, work hard, and bravely act as pioneers. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Adhere to combining strict management with caring support, and incentives with constraints, to better stimulate the initiative, enthusiasm, and creativity of the vast majority of Party members and cadres, forming a strong atmosphere and a dynamic situation of striving on the new journey and making contributions in the New Era.” How can we achieve the combination of strict management with caring support, and incentives with constraints? Party committees at all levels and their organizational departments must focus on solving the prominent contradictions and problems existing in the construction of the cadre contingent, promptly correct and resolve the erroneous concepts and behaviors of some Party members and cadres, establish and improve a strict management system that manages ideology, work, conduct, and discipline, and a positive incentive system that advocates hard work, drives responsibility, and encourages and cheers on cadres. This should reflect both the strength of comprehensive strictness and the warmth of organizational care, further stimulating the endogenous impetus and overall vitality of the contingent of Party members and cadres.

波澜壮阔的时代征程、薪火相传的伟大事业，呼唤高素质干部队伍担当实干、勇做先锋。习近平总书记指出,“坚持严管和厚爱结合、激励和约束并重，更好激发广大党员、干部的积极性、主动性、创造性，形成奋进新征程、建功新时代的浓厚氛围和生动局面”。怎样才能做到严管厚爱结合、激励约束并重？各级党委及其组织部门要聚焦解决干部队伍建设中存在的突出矛盾和问题，及时纠正解决一些党员干部的错误观念和行为，建立健全管思想、管工作、管作风、管纪律的从严管理体系和崇尚实干、带动担当、加油鼓劲的正向激励体系，既体现全面从严的力度，又体现组织关怀的温度，进一步激发党员干部队伍的内生动力和整体活力。

Strengthen Party spirit [Party spirit] tempering, and educate and guide Party members and leading cadres to firm up their ideals and convictions and establish a people-centered [people-centered] consciousness. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out during the 21st collective study session of the Political Bureau of the 20th Central Committee [the 20th National Congress of the CPC] that, “To strengthen Party spirit, the key lies in firming up ideals and convictions, forging loyalty to the Party, deeply cultivating a sentiment for the people, purifying moral character, and maintaining integrity and self-discipline.” [1]1 “刻舟求剑” (looking for a sword from a moving boat) and “守株待兔” (waiting by a tree stump for a hare) are two classical Chinese idioms. The first, from the *Lüshi Chunqiu* (Spring and Autumn of Mr. Lü), mocks someone who ignores changing circumstances; the second, from *Han Feizi*, mocks someone who trusts to blind chance rather than effort. To temper a strong Party spirit, we must first resolve the “master switch” [2]2 “Master switch” (总开关) is a metaphor for the fundamental worldview, outlook on life, and values that determine a person’s actions. issue of the worldview, outlook on life, and values of Party members and leading cadres, and grasp the foundation of Party spirit education. Strengthen education on ideals and convictions, and educate and guide Party members and leading cadres to consciously become firm believers and loyal practitioners of the lofty ideal of communism and the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics [socialism with Chinese characteristics], to consciously devote themselves to the great practice of Chinese-path modernization [Chinese-path modernization], and to proactively do more good and practical things for the people on the new journey of the New Era [New Era]. Strengthen education on political loyalty, and educate and guide Party members and leading cadres to be loyal to their faith, loyal to the country, loyal to the people, and loyal to the organization. In the face of complex situations, arduous tasks, and severe tests, they must always remain loyal to the Party and of one heart with the Party, stand firm and maintain resolve, be brave in taking on responsibilities, act proactively and positively, maintain a spirit of struggle, dare to face risks and challenges directly, and overcome all difficulties and obstacles on the path forward with indomitable will and selfless, fearless courage. Strengthen warning education, through forms such as analyzing and circulating typical cases, visiting warning education bases, and watching special documentaries, so that the vast number of Party members and leading cadres truly respect the law and fear discipline, and abide by rules and discipline. Enhance political capability, and educate and guide Party members and leading cadres to continuously improve their political judgment, political understanding, and political execution ability, always keep in mind the “greatest concerns of the state” [3]3 “Greatest concerns of the state” (国之大者) is a term used by Xi Jinping to refer to the most fundamental and important affairs concerning the overall interests of the Party and the country., firmly grasp the central task of comprehensively advancing the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation through Chinese-path modernization, always think about problems, make decisions, and handle affairs from a political perspective at all times and in all matters, always maintain a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee [the Party Central Committee], deeply comprehend the decisive significance of the Two Establishments [the Two Establishments], and resolutely achieve the Two Upholds [the Two Upholds].

加强党性锤炼，教育引导党员干部坚定理想信念、树牢宗旨意识。习近平总书记在二十届中央政治局第二十一次集体学习时指出，“增强党性，重在坚定理想信念，铸牢对党忠诚，厚植为民情怀，纯正道德品质，保持清正廉洁”。锤炼坚强党性，首先要解决好党员干部世界观人生观价值观“总开关”问题，抓好党性教育这个根本。加强理想信念教育，教育引导党员干部自觉做共产主义远大理想和中国特色社会主义共同理想的坚定信仰者、忠实实践者，自觉投身中国式现代化伟大实践，主动在新时代新征程上多为人民做好事实事。加强政治忠诚教育，教育引导党员干部忠于信仰、忠于国家、忠于人民、忠于组织，面对复杂形势、艰巨任务和严峻考验，始终对党忠诚、与党同心，站稳立场、保持定力，勇于担当负责，积极主动作为，保持斗争精神，敢于直面风险挑战，以坚韧不拔的意志和无私无畏的勇气战胜前进道路上的一切艰难险阻。加强警示教育，通过典型案例剖析通报、参观警示教育基地、观看专题片等形式，让广大党员干部真正敬法畏纪、遵规守纪。增强政治能力，教育引导党员干部不断提升政治判断力、政治领悟力、政治执行力，始终牢记“国之大者”，牢牢把握以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业这个中心任务，时时处处从政治上想问题、作决策、办事情，始终同党中央保持高度一致，深刻领悟“两个确立”的决定性意义，坚决做到“两个维护”。

Strengthen care and incentives, comprehensively apply policies to stimulate the vitality of cadres, and boost the spirit of entrepreneurship and initiative among Party members and leading cadres. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized at the symposium on promoting the development of the western region in the New Era that it is necessary to “care for and show concern for grassroots cadres, especially those in areas with harsh conditions, and encourage cadres to forge ahead with determination, boldly explore, take on responsibilities, and act proactively.” [4]4 Xi Jinping, speech at the symposium on promoting the development of the western region in the New Era, April 2024. Adhere to the combination of strict oversight and caring support, and the equal emphasis on incentives and constraints. Use supervision to increase pressure, but also use trust to add motivation. Clearly support and embolden those cadres who dare to take responsibility, work pragmatically, and do not seek personal gain, so that Party members and cadres can “keep their hands and feet in check” in terms of clean governance, and “let their hands and feet go” in their careers. Clearly establish a personnel selection orientation that values responsibility, practical work, and actual performance. Adhere to the principles of being fair and upright, gathering talents from all over, and appointing people on their merits. Judge heroes by practical work, and select cadres based on actual performance. Select and appoint people based on the needs of the Party’s cause development. Treat cadres fairly, evaluate them justly, and use them impartially, so that good cadres are truly respected and given important positions, making the selected cadres reassuring to the organization, satisfactory to the masses, and convincing to other cadres. Use cadres scientifically and rationally, adhere to putting the cause first, selecting people based on the task, matching people with positions, and ensuring the right person for the right job, using them at the right time and leveraging their strengths. Pay attention to cultivating and training cadres, focus on discovering cadres from the grassroots, training them at the grassroots, and testing them at the grassroots. Cultivate and discover cadres in key tasks, important assignments, and major struggles, allowing the backbone who take on the main responsibilities in various positions to stand out. Promptly give heavier responsibilities to cadres who perform well and have great potential, and boldly use cadres who are clearly identified and have good performance, breaking down invisible barriers. Fully leverage the inspiring, exemplary, and guiding role of advanced models. Promote the implementation of policy measures such as subsidies and allowances, paid annual leave, health check-ups, commendations and awards. Pay attention to the mental health of cadres, care about their family lives, and promptly provide care and assistance to cadres who encounter serious illnesses or major changes, helping them solve practical difficulties. Continuously rectify prominent issues of formalism and bureaucracy. Fully implement the list of duties and tasks for townships (subdistricts), removing unnecessary burdens from the grassroots, allowing grassroots cadres to work light-heartedly, with more time and energy to serve enterprises and the masses. Introduce practical and effective measures in areas such as political education, ideological guidance, selection and appointment, treatment guarantees, and humanistic care, to encourage the vast number of cadres to bravely take on responsibilities and act proactively in the New Era.

强化关怀激励，综合施策激发干部活力，提振党员干部干事创业精气神。习近平总书记在新时代推动西部大开发座谈会上强调，要“关心关爱基层干部特别是条件艰苦地区干部，激励干部锐意进取、大胆开拓、担当作为”。坚持严管厚爱结合、激励约束并重，既要用监督增压，又要用信任加力，旗帜鲜明为那些敢于担当、踏实做事、不谋私利的干部撑腰鼓劲，让党员干部在廉洁上“管得住手脚”，在事业上“放得开手脚”。鲜明树立重担当重实干重实绩的用人导向，坚持公道正派、五湖四海、任人唯贤，以实干论英雄、凭实绩用干部，着眼党的事业发展需要选人用人，公道对待干部，公平评价干部，公正使用干部，让好干部真正受尊重、受重用，使选出来的干部组织放心、群众满意、干部服气。科学合理使用干部，坚持事业为上、以事择人、人岗相适、人事相宜，用当其时、用其所长。注重培养锻炼干部，注重从基层发现、到基层培养、在基层检验，在重点工作、重要任务、重大斗争中培养发现干部，让各个岗位挑大梁的工作骨干脱颖而出，对表现好、潜力大的干部及时压担子，对看得准、实绩好的干部打破隐形台阶大胆使用。充分发挥先进典型的激励感召、示范引领作用，推动落实好津贴补贴、带薪休假、健康体检、表彰奖励等政策措施，注重关注干部心理健康，关心干部家庭生活，对遭遇重大疾病、重大变故的干部，及时给予关爱帮扶，帮助他们解决实际困难。持续整治形式主义、官僚主义突出问题，全面实施乡镇（街道）履职事项清单，为基层卸下不必要的负担，让基层干部轻装上阵，有更多时间和精力服务企业和群众。出台务实管用措施，在政治教育、思想引导、选拔任用、待遇保障、人文关怀等方面，激励广大干部在新时代勇于担当作为。

Implement institutional execution effectively, and supervise and urge Party members and leading cadres to exercise power in accordance with regulations, and get accustomed to working under constrained conditions. In May 2024, during his inspection in Shandong, General Xi Jinping pointed out, “It is necessary to guide Party members and cadres to fully understand and implement Party discipline, and, on the premise of abiding by rules and discipline, work with peace of mind, act boldly, forge ahead with determination, and act proactively, creating achievements worthy of the people and the times.” [5]5 Xi Jinping, speech during an inspection tour in Shandong, May 2024. Good cadres are selected, but even more so, they are managed. Strict oversight is caring support; it is true responsibility towards cadres. Strengthen cadres’ awareness of respecting rules, abiding by rules, and enforcing rules, achieving the management of power, affairs, and personnel through institutions, so that Party members and cadres know what to revere, maintain caution, and hold the bottom line, and get accustomed to working and living in an environment subject to supervision and constraints. The organization strictly checks the political pass, moral character pass, ability pass, work style pass, and integrity pass. For budding and trending problems appearing in cadres, promptly “pull ears and tug sleeves” [6]6 “Pull ears and tug sleeves” (咬耳扯袖) is a metaphor for giving timely reminders and warnings to prevent minor issues from becoming major problems., provide early warnings and early corrections, preventing situations where no one manages when there are no problems, no one wants to manage when small problems arise, and no one can manage when big problems occur. Persist in combining the post responsibility system, the target management mechanism, the cadre incentive mechanism, and the cadre constraint mechanism. Thoroughly implement the “Provisions on Promoting the Ability of Leading Cadres to Go Up and Down” [7]7 The “Provisions on Promoting the Ability of Leading Cadres to Go Up and Down” (推进领导干部能上能下规定) is an intra-Party regulation that establishes mechanisms for removing or demoting cadres who are incompetent or unsuitable for their posts., and adjust leading cadres who are unsuitable for their current positions, smoothing the channels for cadres to “go down” and “go out”. Grasp the “first-in-command” [8]8 “First-in-command” (一把手) refers to the principal leader of a Party or government organization., the key among the key minorities. Strictly implement the “Three Major and One Large” [9]9 “Three Major and One Large” (三重一大) refers to major decisions, important personnel appointments and removals, major project arrangements, and the use of large amounts of funds, which must be decided collectively by the leadership group. collective discussion and decision-making system. Fully implement the power list, responsibility list, and negative list systems. Implement systems such as the “first-in-command” expressing their opinion last and not directly managing finances. Implement systems for recording the entire process of major decision-making and lifelong responsibility. Strengthen the management of cadres in key positions such as those managing personnel, finances, and materials. Strengthen the supervision and management of the entire process of power operation, especially at key nodes, to prevent power rent-seeking. Establish and improve systems in areas such as source prevention, routine supervision, management of cadres in important positions and key areas, and accountability and investigation, forming a complete set of “institutional cages” [10]10 “Institutional cages” (制度笼子) is a metaphor used by Xi Jinping for a comprehensive system of rules and regulations designed to constrain the exercise of power. for strict cadre management that are rule-based, have clear powers and responsibilities, and are effective and practical. Strengthen the supervision of institutional implementation. Adhere to the principle that everyone is equal before the system, and there are no exceptions in implementing the system. Do not engage in “flexible interpretation”, leave no “back doors”, and do not open “skylights” [11]11 “Back doors” (暗门) and “skylights” (天窗) are metaphors for loopholes or exceptions in the implementation of rules and regulations.. “Strike as soon as the head appears” [12]12 “Strike as soon as the head appears” (露头就打) is a metaphor for taking immediate and decisive action against any violation of discipline or law as soon as it emerges. for those who touch the “high-voltage line”, and promptly investigate and deal with those who play edge balls and exploit loopholes. Pay attention to the collection and analysis of online public opinion. For problems discovered in inspections, audits, petition reports, supervision and inspection, and spot checks of personal matter reports, investigate and deal with each case as it is discovered, resolutely maintaining the seriousness and authority of the system.

抓实制度执行，督促党员干部依规用权，习惯在约束条件下工作。2024年5月，习近平总书记在山东考察时指出，“要引导党员、干部全面理解和执行党的纪律，在遵规守纪的前提下，安心工作、放手干事、锐意进取、积极作为，创造不负人民、不负时代的业绩”。好干部是选出来的，更是管出来的。严管就是厚爱，是对干部的真正负责。强化干部尊规意识、守规意识、执规意识，做到用制度管权管事管人，让党员干部知敬畏、存戒惧、守底线，习惯在受监督和约束的环境中工作生活。组织上严把政治关、品行关、能力关、作风关、廉洁关，对干部身上出现的苗头性、倾向性问题，及时咬耳扯袖，早提醒、早纠正，防止不出问题没人管、出小问题不想管、出了大问题管不了的情况发生。坚持把岗位责任制、目标管理机制、干部激励机制和干部约束机制结合起来，深入贯彻《推进领导干部能上能下规定》，对不适宜担任现职的领导干部进行调整，畅通干部“下”和“出”的渠道。抓住“一把手”这个关键少数中的关键，严格执行“三重一大”集体讨论决定制度，全面推行权力清单、责任清单和负面清单制度，实行“一把手”末位表态、不直接分管财务等制度，实行重大决策过程纪实、终身负责制。抓好管人管钱管物等关键岗位干部的管理，强化对权力运行全过程尤其是关键节点的监督管理，防止权力寻租。建立健全源头预防、日常监管、重要岗位和重点领域干部管理、问责追究等方面制度，形成一整套有章可循、权责明确、有效管用的从严管理干部“制度笼子”。强化制度执行监督，坚持制度面前人人平等，执行制度没有例外，不搞变通、不留“暗门”、不开“天窗”，对“触高压线”的“露头”就打，对打擦边球、钻漏洞的及时查处。注意网络舆情的收集研判，对巡视、审计、信访举报、监督检查及个人有关事项报告抽查中发现的问题，发现一起查处一起，坚决维护制度的严肃性和权威性。

Inspire a sense of responsibility and achievement, guiding Party members and cadres to work hard, do solid work, and be good at accomplishing tasks. “Chinese-path modernization is achieved through hard work; great undertakings all come from solid work.” “Cadres, cadres — the word ‘cadre’ means to take the lead in doing.” Advancing Chinese-path modernization is an unprecedented pioneering undertaking. “Looking for a sword from a moving boat, waiting by a tree stump for a hare,”[1]1 “刻舟求剑” (looking for a sword from a moving boat) and “守株待兔” (waiting by a tree stump for a hare) are two classical Chinese idioms. The first, from the *Lüshi Chunqiu* (Spring and Autumn of Mr. Lü), mocks someone who ignores changing circumstances; the second, from *Han Feizi*, mocks someone who trusts to blind chance rather than effort. “sticking to old ways and being satisfied with the status quo,” “not seeking progress and sitting idle to enjoy the fruits of others’ labor” — none of these are acceptable. The vast majority of Party members and cadres must roll up their sleeves and work hard, always maintaining a tireless mental state and a forward-striving posture of struggle, and consciously enhance their sense of responsibility and mission to be accountable to the Party, to the country, to the nation, and to the people. The focus should be on improving their ability to promote high-quality development, serve the masses, and prevent and defuse risks; to fully, accurately, and comprehensively implement the new development philosophy; to take high-quality development as the overarching guide; to observe, think about, and handle problems from a high standpoint and a broad perspective; to accelerate the formation of a new development pattern with innovative ideas and methods; to coordinate development and security; to develop new quality productive forces in accordance with local conditions; and to continuously strengthen the professional spirit and professional competence of Party members and cadres in doing their own work. Educate and guide Party members and cadres to establish and practice a correct outlook on political performance, improve the differentiated assessment and evaluation system, take indicators and actual results such as improvement of people’s livelihoods, social progress, ecological benefits, and public satisfaction as important assessment content, and guide Party members and cadres to do more practical things that the common people can see, touch, and benefit from, and to do more good deeds that lay the foundation, benefit the long term, and pave the way for future generations. Unswervingly take the work of strengthening the grassroots and laying a solid foundation as a long-term strategy and a fundamental policy to consolidate the foundation. Strengthen basic work at the grassroots level, mainly by examining whether grassroots organizations have played a role in rural revitalization, whether the Party’s line, principles, and policies have been implemented in place, whether grassroots cadres have improved their quality, whether grassroots conflicts have been resolved in a timely and effective manner, and whether the people have gained more tangible benefits, thereby continuously enhancing the political function and organizational function of grassroots Party organizations. Improve assessment methods and means, strengthen process management and precise assessment, make full use of modern means, strengthen the analysis, research, and tracking assessment of cadres, and attach importance to assessing and identifying cadres in practice, especially at major junctures and critical moments. Strengthen the application of assessment results, educate and guide Party members and cadres to abide by the ethics of holding office, to be honest and upright in conduct, to be vigorous and enterprising, to strive to create a good atmosphere of unity from top to bottom and harmonious endeavor, and to form a vivid situation of focusing wholeheartedly on development and pooling efforts to achieve leapfrogging.

激励担当作为，引导党员干部苦干实干、善作善成。“中国式现代化是干出来的，伟大事业都成于实干”，“干部干部，要干字当头”。推进中国式现代化，是一项前无古人的开创性事业，“刻舟求剑、守株待兔”，“因循守旧、满足现状”，“不思进取、坐享其成”，均不可取。广大党员干部要撸起袖子加油干，始终保持永不懈怠的精神状态和一往无前的奋斗姿态，自觉增强对党负责、对国家负责、对民族负责、对人民负责的责任心和使命感。重点要提升推动高质量发展、服务群众、防范化解风险本领，完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念，以高质量发展统揽全局，以高站位大格局观察、思考和处理问题，以创新的思路和办法加快构建新发展格局，统筹发展和安全，因地制宜发展新质生产力，不断增强党员干部做好本职工作的专业精神、专业能力。教育引导党员干部树立和践行正确政绩观，完善差异化考核评价体系，把民生改善、社会进步、生态效益、群众满意度等指标和实绩作为重要考核内容，引导党员干部多办让老百姓看得见、摸得着、得实惠的实事，多办打基础、利长远、为后人做铺垫的好事。坚定不移把抓基层打基础作为长远之计和固本之策，强化基层基础工作，主要看基层组织在乡村振兴中是否发挥了作用、看党的路线方针政策是否落实到位、看基层干部是否提高了素质、看基层矛盾是否得到及时有效化解、看人民群众是否得到更多实惠，不断增强基层党组织政治功能和组织功能。改进考核方法手段，强化过程管理和精准考核，充分运用现代化手段，加强对干部的分析研判和跟踪考核力度，重视在实践中尤其是重大关头、关键时刻考核识别干部。强化考核结果运用，教育引导党员干部恪守从政之德，老老实实做人，奋发有为、开拓进取，努力营造上下同心、和谐奋进的良好氛围，形成心无旁骛抓发展、凝心聚力促跨越的生动局面。

(Author: Wang Ruijun, Executive Vice President of the Guizhou Provincial Party Building Research Association)

（作者：贵州省党建研究会常务副会长）