A Scientific Understanding of the Great Achievements and Important Insights of Comprehensive and Strict Governance of the Party in the New Era

To govern the country, the Party must first be governed; only when the Party thrives can the country be strong. The Political Bureau of the Party Central Committee held a meeting on October 23, emphasizing: “Strictly implement the political responsibility for governing the Party and managing it, grasp all aspects of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party with higher standards and more concrete measures, maintain a high-pressure态势 [n1] against corruption, and carry the strict tone through to the end.” Comprehensive and strict governance of the Party is a major strategic deployment made by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, deeply grasping the new changes in the world, the country, and the Party in the New Era. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, our Party has advanced the great new project of Party building in the New Era with the strategic policy of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, promoting theoretical innovation in Party building and the deepening of practice in governing and managing the Party to achieve historic achievements, marking a milestone in the history of the development of Marxist Party-building theory and the history of CPC Party building. Standing at a new historical starting point, we must scientifically understand the great achievements of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in the New Era, deeply summarize successful experiences, strengthen historical confidence, grasp historical initiative, persistently advance comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, and provide a strong political guarantee for comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization.

治国必先治党，党兴才能国强。中共中央政治局10月23日召开会议，强调：“严格落实管党治党政治责任，以更高标准、更实举措抓好全面从严治党各项工作，保持惩治腐败高压态势，把严的基调一贯到底”。全面从严治党，是以习近平同志为核心的党中央深刻把握新时代世情国情党情的新变化作出的重大战略部署。党的十八大以来，我们党以全面从严治党战略方针推进新时代党的建设新的伟大工程，推动党的建设理论创新与管党治党实践深化取得历史性成就，在马克思主义建党学说发展史和中国共产党党建史上具有里程碑意义。站在新的历史起点上，我们要科学认识新时代全面从严治党的伟大成就，深刻总结成功经验，坚定历史自信、把握历史主动，持之以恒推进全面从严治党，为以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业提供坚强政治保障。

Comprehensive and strict governance of the Party is the distinctive theme of Party building in the New Era

全面从严治党是新时代党的建设的鲜明主题

Problems are the voice of the times, and even more so the starting point of practice. As socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a New Era, to better uphold and develop the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics on the new journey, we must profoundly answer the major epochal question of “what kind of long-term ruling Marxist party to build and how to build a long-term ruling Marxist party,” ensuring that the Party always remains the strong leading core of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Making comprehensive and strict governance of the Party the distinctive theme of Party building in the New Era, and unswervingly advancing comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in depth, is the systematic and scientific answer given by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core to this major epochal question.

问题是时代的声音，更是实践的起点。中国特色社会主义进入新时代，在新征程上更好坚持和发展中国特色社会主义事业，必须深刻回答“建设什么样的长期执政的马克思主义政党、怎样建设长期执政的马克思主义政党”这一重大时代课题，确保党始终成为中国特色社会主义事业的坚强领导核心。把全面从严治党作为新时代党的建设的鲜明主题，坚定不移把全面从严治党向纵深推进，是以习近平同志为核心的党中央对这一重大时代课题作出的系统科学回答。

Proceeding from the overall situation of the development of the Party and the country, clarifying the strategic position of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party. The leadership of the CPC is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the greatest strength of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics. To manifest the most essential feature and exert the greatest strength, it is necessary to uphold and strengthen the Party’s overall leadership. As socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a New Era, Party building faces new situations and tasks. On the one hand, the strategic overall situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the changes unseen in a century intersect historically, with the weight of tasks for reform, development, and stability, and the number of contradictions, risks, and challenges, being unprecedented; on the other hand, the “Four Tests” [n2] and “Four Dangers” [n3] will exist for a long time, and the situation in the anti-corruption struggle remains severe and complex. To overcome risks and challenges and fulfill the historical mission, we must advance the great new project of Party building in the New Era. Based on the new historical orientation, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core incorporated comprehensive and strict governance of the Party into the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy. From the 19th National Congress of the CPC writing “comprehensive and strict governance of the Party” into the Party Constitution and making it one of the basic strategies for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the New Era, to the resolution of the Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee listing “clarifying the strategic policy of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party” as an important content of the “Ten Clarifications” [n4] of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, to the report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC further proposing “improving the system for comprehensive and strict governance of the Party,” and to General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasizing at the celebration of the 105th anniversary of the founding of the CPC that “we must persistently advance comprehensive and strict governance of the Party,” the strategic position of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in the overall development of the Party and the country has become increasingly clear and continuously consolidated.

从党和国家事业发展全局出发，明确全面从严治党的战略地位。中国共产党领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征、是中国特色社会主义制度的最大优势。彰显最本质特征和发挥最大优势，必然要坚持和加强党的全面领导。中国特色社会主义进入新时代，党的建设面临新的形势和任务。一方面，中华民族伟大复兴战略全局和世界百年未有之大变局历史性交汇，改革发展稳定任务之重、矛盾风险挑战之多前所未有；另一方面，“四大考验”“四种危险”将长期存在，反腐败斗争形势依然严峻复杂。战胜风险挑战，完成历史使命，必须推进新时代党的建设新的伟大工程。立足新的历史方位，以习近平同志为核心的党中央把全面从严治党纳入“四个全面”战略布局。从党的十九大将“全面从严治党”写入党章，并将其作为新时代坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的基本方略之一，党的十九届六中全会决议将“明确全面从严治党的战略方针”列为习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想“十个明确”的重要内容，到党的二十大报告进一步提出“健全全面从严治党体系”，再到习近平总书记在庆祝中国共产党成立105周年大会上强调“必须持之以恒推进全面从严治党”，全面从严治党在党和国家事业发展全局中的战略地位日益明确、不断巩固。

Breaking through from key areas, driving comprehensive strictness in Party building. Comprehensive and strict governance of the Party does not mean exerting equal force on all fronts or attacking in all directions, but rather using the principal contradiction to promote overall change, and using key links to drive comprehensive strictness. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core began by formulating and implementing the Eight-Point Regulations, solving the problem of “not knowing where to start when a tiger wants to eat the sky” [n5], focusing on the “Four Forms of Decadence” [n6] that the masses strongly resent, curbing “waste on the tip of the tongue,” stopping “corruption on the wheels,” and rectifying “unhealthy trends in clubs,” using “small cuts” to promote “great changes.” The results of a 2025 survey by the National Bureau of Statistics show: 95.5% of surveyed masses affirmed the effectiveness of implementing the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulations, and 92.2% were satisfied with the effect of the transformation of Party conduct and government conduct driving the improvement of social atmosphere. Comprehensive and strict governance of the Party prominently grasps the fundamental construction of the Party’s political construction, runs political standards and political requirements through all aspects of Party building, implements the requirement of taking political construction as the guide into concrete work practices, and fundamentally reverses the situation of weakened implementation of Party leadership and weakened Party consciousness. Corruption is the greatest threat facing the Party, and anti-corruption is the strategic breakthrough point for comprehensive and strict governance of the Party. Our Party insists on “hunting tigers,” “swatting flies,” and “chasing foxes” [n7], integratively advancing the mechanisms for ensuring that officials dare not, cannot, and do not want to engage in corruption, insisting on simultaneous investigation and treatment of misconduct and corruption, clearing the greatest obstacles and winning the greatest initiative for comprehensive and strict governance of the Party. This method of advancement—“grasping the key, tackling the difficult points, and driving the overall situation”—has enabled the governance and management of the Party to achieve a profound transformation from “loose, soft, and lax” to “strict, tight, and hard.”

从重点领域突破，带动党的建设全面从严。全面从严治党不是平均用力、四面出击，而是以主要矛盾推动整体变革，以关键环节带动全面从严。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央从制定和落实中央八项规定开局，解决“老虎吃天不知从哪儿下口”的问题，聚焦群众反映强烈的“四风”问题，遏制“舌尖上的浪费”、刹住“车轮上的腐败”、整治“会所里的歪风”，用“小切口”推动“大变局”。2025年国家统计局调查结果显示：95.5%受访群众对中央八项规定精神贯彻成效表示肯定，92.2%对党风政风转变带动社会风气好转的效果表示满意。全面从严治党突出抓好党的政治建设这一根本性建设，把政治标准和政治要求贯穿党的建设各方面，将以政治建设为统领的要求落实为具体的工作实践，从根本上扭转落实党的领导弱化、党的观念淡漠状况。腐败是党面临的最大威胁，反腐败是全面从严治党的战略突破口。我们党坚持“打虎”“拍蝇”“猎狐”，一体推进不敢腐不能腐不想腐，坚持风腐同查同治，为全面从严治党清除了最大障碍、赢得了最大主动。这种“抓关键、攻难点、带全局”的推进方式，使管党治党实现了从“宽松软”到“严紧硬”的深刻转变。

Improving the system for comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, promoting in-depth and concrete governance and management of the Party. Comprehensive and strict governance of the Party is a systematic project; the deeper it advances, the more it requires using a systematic concept to grasp the complexity and interconnectedness of problems and to fully leverage the synergistic effects of construction in all aspects. The practice of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in the New Era proves that after supervision discovers problems, it is necessary not only to promote rectification but also to identify weak links in education, management, and system implementation, while enhancing the effectiveness of system implementation is inseparable from strict supervision, discipline enforcement, and accountability. Improving the system for comprehensive and strict governance of the Party means strengthening the connection and coordination of these tasks, combining problem rectification with source governance, consolidating governance results while solving prominent problems, and preventing the recurrence of problems. In June 2024, when presiding over the 15th collective study session of the Political Bureau of the 20th Central Committee, General Secretary Xi Jinping further made important deployments from five aspects: improving the organizational system, the education system, the supervision system, the institutional system, and the responsibility system. These five systems are organically connected, integrating organizational advantages, educational guidance, management supervision, institutional constraints, and responsibility implementation, promoting comprehensive and strict governance of the Party to advance in depth and substance through system integration and coordinated efficiency.

健全全面从严治党体系，推动管党治党走深走实。全面从严治党是一项系统工程，越向纵深推进，越需要运用系统观念把握问题的复杂性和关联性，充分发挥各方面建设的协同效能。新时代全面从严治党的实践证明，监督发现问题后，既要推动整改，也要查找教育管理和制度执行中的薄弱环节，而增强制度执行的实效性，离不开从严监督执纪问责。健全全面从严治党体系，就是要加强这些工作的衔接配合，把问题整改与源头治理结合起来，在解决突出问题的同时巩固治理成果、防止问题反复。2024年6月，习近平总书记在主持二十届中央政治局第十五次集体学习时，进一步从健全组织体系、教育体系、监管体系、制度体系、责任体系五个方面作出重要部署。五个体系有机衔接，将组织优势、教育引导、管理监督、制度约束和责任落实贯通起来，推动全面从严治党在系统集成、协同高效中不断走深走实。

The great achievements of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in the New Era

新时代全面从严治党的伟大成就

“Governance values constancy; governance requires continuity.” [n8] Since the New Era, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has adhered to a problem-oriented approach, directly confronting prominent issues such as “loose, soft, and lax” governance and management of the Party, consistently advancing comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, promoting historic and pioneering achievements in Party building, and making the Party stronger and more capable through revolutionary tempering.

“政贵有恒，治须有常。”新时代以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚持问题导向、直面管党治党“宽松软”等突出问题，一以贯之推进全面从严治党，推动党的建设取得历史性、开创性成就，党在革命性锻造中更加坚强有力。

Forming Xi Jinping’s Thought on Party Building. The times are the mother of thought; practice is the source of theory. A clear main line of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in the New Era is to promote the adaptation of Marxist Party-building theory to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has deeply summarized the historical experience of Party building, closely focused on the practical problems facing comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, and continuously deepened the understanding of the laws governing “what kind of long-term ruling Marxist party to build and how to build a long-term ruling Marxist party” in the practice of governing and managing the Party. The National Forum on Party Building held in June 2026 made work deployments for studying and implementing Xi Jinping’s Thought on Party Building, systematically explaining the scientific connotation, theoretical character, and practical power of Xi Jinping’s Thought on Party Building. From the goal dimension, upholding and strengthening the Party’s overall leadership and consolidating the Party’s long-term ruling position are the political goals that run through the logical main line of the scientific system of Xi Jinping’s Thought on Party Building; from the content dimension, Xi Jinping’s Thought on Party Building constitutes an internally connected and clearly layered organic whole with the “Fourteen Perseverances” [n9], centrally reflecting the systematicity and scientific nature of theoretical innovation in Party building in the New Era; from the practical dimension, Xi Jinping’s Thought on Party Building clarifies the substance and applies it, integrating theory and practice, serving both as a theoretical summary of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party and as a guide to action for comprehensive and strict governance of the Party. Xi Jinping’s Thought on Party Building is a major theoretical achievement formed in the great practice of advancing comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in the New Era, opening up a new realm in the adaptation of Marxist Party-building theory to the Chinese context and the needs of the times.

形成习近平党建思想。时代是思想之母，实践是理论之源。新时代全面从严治党的一条鲜明主线，就是推动马克思主义建党学说中国化时代化。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央深刻总结党的建设历史经验，紧扣全面从严治党面临的现实问题，在管党治党实践中不断深化对“建设什么样的长期执政的马克思主义政党、怎样建设长期执政的马克思主义政党”的规律性认识。2026年6月召开的全国党建工作座谈会对学习贯彻习近平党建思想作出工作部署，系统阐释了习近平党建思想的科学内涵、理论品格、实践伟力等基本内容。从目标维度看，坚持和加强党的全面领导、巩固党的长期执政地位的政治目标，是贯穿习近平党建思想科学体系的逻辑主线；从内容维度看，习近平党建思想以“十四个坚持”构成一个内在关联、层次分明的有机整体，集中体现了新时代党的建设理论创新的系统性和科学性；从实践维度看，习近平党建思想明体达用、体用贯通，既是全面从严治党的理论概括，也是全面从严治党的行动指南。习近平党建思想是在新时代推进全面从严治党伟大实践中形成的重大理论成果，开辟了马克思主义建党学说中国化时代化新境界。

Propelling the entire Party through a revolutionary tempering. Since the New Era, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, our Party has focused on comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, highlighted the political responsibility for governing the Party and managing it strictly, and striven to resolve prominent problems such as the weakening of Party leadership, the absence of Party building, and the inadequacy of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in some Party organizations and leading Party cadres, as well as a淡漠 [n10] Party consciousness, lax organization, slack discipline, and a lack of assumption of responsibility and accountability, thereby inaugurating a new phase in the great new project of Party building in the New Era. Through political construction, the authority of the Party Central Committee and its centralized and unified leadership have been effectively upheld; through theoretical construction, the Party has persisted in using its innovative theory to consolidate souls and forge spirits [n11], achieving a high degree of ideological unity and firm faith throughout the Party; through organizational construction, the Party’s political and organizational advantages have been transformed into strong executive power and combat effectiveness; through conduct construction, the Party has won the trust and support of the people with a new ethos; through discipline construction, Party members and cadres have personally experienced the Party’s strict management and deep care; through institutional construction, the successful experience of governing and managing the Party has been transformed into rigid institutions and solidified into long-term mechanisms, continuously raising the scientific, institutionalized, and standardized level of Party governance and management; through the anti-corruption struggle, a path of anti-corruption with Chinese characteristics has been successfully forged. The great practice of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in the New Era has made our Party stronger and more resilient in the conscious action of strengthening its body and health.

推动全党经历革命性锻造。新时代以来，在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，我们党聚焦全面从严治党，突出管党治党政治责任，着力解决一些党组织和党的领导干部党的领导弱化、党的建设缺失、全面从严治党不力，党的观念淡漠、组织涣散、纪律松弛、不担当、不负责等突出问题，开创了新时代党的建设新的伟大工程新局面。通过政治建设，有力维护了党中央权威和集中统一领导；通过思想建设，坚持用党的创新理论凝心铸魂，使全党思想上高度统一、信仰上执着坚定；通过组织建设，推动党的政治优势、组织优势转化为强大执行力与战斗力；通过作风建设，以新气象赢得人民群众信任和拥护；通过纪律建设，让党员干部切身感受到党的严管和厚爱；通过制度建设，把管党治党的成功经验转化为刚性制度、固化为长效机制，管党治党科学化制度化规范化水平不断提高；通过反腐败斗争，成功走出一条中国特色反腐败之路。新时代全面从严治党的伟大实践，使我们党在强身健体的自觉行动中变得更加坚强有力。

Perfecting and improving the system of intra-Party regulations and institutions. Adhering to institutional governance of the Party and governance of the Party according to regulations is a long-term and fundamental strategy for comprehensive and strict governance of the Party. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: “We must adhere to law-based governance and governance of the Party according to regulations, and elevate and establish discipline and rules” and “We must integrate the enforcement of discipline and the enforcement of law.” Since the New Era, our Party has established a system of intra-Party regulations with the Party Constitution as the foundation, democratic centralism as the core, and norms and regulations as the mainstay, promoting the adaptation of institutional construction to the needs of governing and managing the Party and its coordination with various aspects of Party building, so that governing and managing the Party has rules to follow and regulations to abide by. By strengthening the publicity and education of regulatory institutions, guiding Party members and cadres to study and understand regulations and hold them in awe, the ironclad regulations and prohibitions are internalized in the mind; by adhering to the principle that where there are regulations they must be followed, where regulations are enforced they must be strict, and where regulations are violated they must be investigated, the institutional advantages of intra-Party regulations are transformed into governance effectiveness; by perfecting the entire chain mechanism of supervision over the implementation of institutions, assessment and evaluation, and accountability and responsibility investigation, the authority and seriousness of the intra-Party regulatory system are further strengthened; by adhering to the organic unity of law-based governance and governance of the Party according to regulations, and carrying out work with the concepts, systems, and procedures of the rule of law, the institutionalization, standardization, and proceduralization of law-based exercise of power are advanced; by persisting in using intra-Party regulations to standardize the Party’s organizational and building activities, the Party’s governance capacity and leadership level are continuously enhanced.

健全完善党内法规制度体系。坚持制度治党、依规治党是全面从严治党的长远之策、根本之策。习近平总书记强调：“要坚持依法治国、依规治党，把纪律和规矩挺起来、立起来”“要把执纪和执法贯通起来”。新时代以来，我们党建立了以党章为根本、以民主集中制为核心、以准则条例为主干的党内法规体系，推动制度建设与管党治党需要相适应、与党的各项建设相配套，管党治党实现有规可依、有章可循。通过强化法规制度宣传教育，引导党员干部学规懂规、敬畏规矩，让铁规禁令内化于心；坚持有规必依、执规必严、违规必究，使党内法规的制度优势转化为治理效能；健全制度执行监督、考核评价、追责问责全链条机制，进一步强化了党内法规制度体系的权威性和严肃性；坚持依法治国和依规治党有机统一，以法治的理念、法治的体制、法治的程序开展工作，推进依法执政制度化、规范化、程序化；坚持以党内法规规范党的组织和党的建设活动，不断提升党的执政能力和领导水平。

Promoting a clean and honest culture to become prevalent. The occurrence of corruption problems has both external causes, such as the institutional cage not being tight enough and constraints being insufficient, and internal causes, such as an unsteady ideological defense line and a loss of values. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “‘Not wanting to [commit corruption]’ is fundamental; it relies on strengthening education in ideals and convictions, on enhancing Party spirit and awareness, on cultivating a clean and honest culture, and on consolidating the ideological foundation of remaining true to our original aspiration and founding mission.” Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, our Party has attached great importance to the construction of a clean and honest culture, regarding it as a key link in comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, integrating it into the entire process of Party building, the daily education and management of Party members and cadres, and all levels of social governance. Through the regular conduct of Party spirit education, warning education, and clean governance education, guiding the vast number of Party members and cadres to establish a correct view of power, status, and interests, making serving the people, being pragmatic, and being clean the value pursuit and conscious action of Party members and cadres in the New Era; through building clean governance education bases, creating clean governance cultural works, carrying out clean governance themed activities, and promoting family tradition and family education, advancing a clean and honest culture into communities, schools, and families, constructing a pattern of clean governance cultural construction with coordinated efforts from units, families, and society; through adhering to the simultaneous investigation and treatment of misconduct and corruption, constructing a governance pattern that integrates Party spirit, Party conduct, and Party discipline, and deeply connects the rectification of conduct, the enforcement of discipline, and the fight against corruption.

推动廉洁文化蔚然成风。腐败问题的发生，既有制度笼子不紧、约束不力的外因，也有思想防线不牢、价值失守的内因。习近平总书记指出：“‘不想’是根本，要靠加强理想信念教育，靠提高党性觉悟，靠涵养廉洁文化，夯实不忘初心、牢记使命的思想根基。”党的十八大以来，我们党高度重视廉洁文化建设，将其作为全面从严治党的关键环节，融入党的建设全过程、党员干部日常教育管理和社会治理各层面。通过常态化开展党性教育、警示教育、廉政教育，引导广大党员干部树立正确权力观、地位观、利益观，让为民务实清廉成为新时代党员干部的价值追求和行动自觉；通过建设廉洁教育阵地、创作廉洁文化作品、开展廉洁主题活动、推进家风家教建设，推动廉洁文化进社区、进校园、进家庭，构建单位、家庭、社会协同发力的廉洁文化建设格局；通过坚持风腐同查同治，构建党性党风党纪一体推进、正风肃纪反腐深度贯通的治理格局。

Important Insights from Comprehensive and Strict Governance of the Party in the New Era

新时代全面从严治党的重要启示

The great practice and achievements of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in the New Era profoundly reveal the historical laws of advancing the great new project of Party building in the New Era through comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, scientifically answer the epochal question of “what kind of long-term ruling Marxist party to build and how to build a long-term ruling Marxist party,” and provide practical experience and theoretical guidance for persistently advancing comprehensive and strict governance of the Party.

新时代全面从严治党的伟大实践与成就，深刻揭示了以全面从严治党推进新时代党的建设新的伟大工程的历史规律，科学回答了“建设什么样的长期执政的马克思主义政党、怎样建设长期执政的马克思主义政党”的时代课题，为持之以恒推进全面从严治党提供了实践经验和理论指引。

We must uphold and strengthen the Party’s overall leadership, and implement Party leadership in all fields, aspects, and links of governing the Party and managing it strictly, and governing the country. The key to adhering to comprehensive and strict governance of the Party lies in strengthening Party leadership. Only by upholding and strengthening the Party’s overall leadership can the decisions and deployments for governing, managing, strengthening, and prospering the Party be implemented, and the Party’s political character and unique advantages be transformed into the actual effectiveness of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party. We must more clearly recognize the important position of the Party’s political construction, firmly grasp the fundamental requirement of taking a clear political stand, deeply understand the decisive significance of the Two Establishments [n12], resolutely achieve the Two Upholds [n13], and enhance the consciousness and firmness in advancing the Party’s political construction. Implementing Party leadership in all fields, aspects, and links requires not only implementation in explicit levels such as organizational structure, policy formulation, and personnel selection and appointment, but also integration into deeper levels such as cultural concepts, governance concepts, ideals and convictions, fully leveraging the political guidance and political guarantee role of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party.

必须坚持和加强党的全面领导，把党的领导落实到管党治党、治国理政各领域各方面各环节。坚持全面从严治党，关键在于加强党的领导。只有坚持和加强党的全面领导，才能将管党治党、兴党强党的决策部署落到实处，把党的政治品格和独特优势转化为全面从严治党的实际效能。要更加清醒认识党的政治建设的重要地位，牢牢把握旗帜鲜明讲政治的根本要求，深刻领悟“两个确立”的决定性意义，坚决做到“两个维护”，增强推进党的政治建设的自觉性和坚定性。将党的领导贯彻到各领域各方面各环节，既要贯彻到组织架构、政策制定、选人用人等显性层面，也要融入文化观念、治理理念、理想信念等更深层次，充分发挥全面从严治党的政治引领和政治保障作用。

We must adhere to theoretical innovation, and unremittingly arm the entire Party with the Party’s innovative theory. Practice is the source of theoretical innovation, and the fundamental purpose of theoretical innovation is to guide the development of practice. Xi Jinping’s thought on Party building was conceived in the great practice of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in the New Era, embodies the valuable experience and regular understanding of governing and managing the Party in the New Era, and is the fundamental guideline for persistently advancing comprehensive and strict governance of the Party. We must persist in reading original works, studying original texts, and comprehending principles, fully grasp the scientific system and core essence of Xi Jinping’s thought on Party building, deeply understand the theoretical character of Xi Jinping’s thought on Party building, and effectively transform the learning achievements into concrete actions to advance the great new project of Party building in the New Era. Strengthen the construction of a clean and honest culture, guide Party members and cadres to rectify their minds and understand the Way [n14], cherish virtue and respect themselves, and build a solid ideological dam against corruption and degeneration with firm ideals and convictions; cultivate a clean and upright political ecosystem, promote the formation of refreshing comradely relations, standardized superior-subordinate relations, and a new type of political-business relationship that is both close and clean; promote the integration of a clean and honest culture into daily life, making the advocacy of integrity and cleanliness a universal consensus and code of conduct for the whole society.

必须坚持理论创新，坚持不懈用党的创新理论武装全党。实践是理论创新之源，理论创新的根本目的在于引领实践发展。习近平党建思想孕育于新时代全面从严治党的伟大实践，凝结着新时代管党治党的宝贵经验和规律性认识，是持之以恒推进全面从严治党的根本遵循。要坚持读原著、学原文、悟原理，完整把握习近平党建思想的科学体系和核心要义，深刻领悟习近平党建思想的理论品格，将学习成效切实转化为推进新时代党的建设新的伟大工程的具体行动。加强廉洁文化建设，引导党员干部正心明道、怀德自重，以坚定的理想信念筑牢拒腐防变的思想堤坝；涵养风清气正的政治生态，推动形成清清爽爽的同志关系、规规矩矩的上下级关系、亲清统一的新型政商关系；推动廉洁文化融入日常生活，使崇廉尚洁成为全社会的普遍共识与行为准则。

We must adhere unwaveringly to the strict tone, and implement strict requirements throughout the entire process and all aspects of governing and managing the Party. Only by achieving true strict management, daring strict management, and long-term strict management can the prominent problems of ideological impurity, political impurity, organizational impurity, and conduct impurity within the Party be fundamentally resolved, ensuring that the Party never deteriorates, never changes color, and never changes its flavor. We must resolutely eliminate all factors that harm the Party’s advanced nature and purity, use strict measures to establish a strict tone, form a strict atmosphere, and shape a good internal Party political ecosystem. Implement strict requirements in institutional formulation, discipline enforcement, and supervision and accountability, enhance the foresight of work, the scientific nature of institutions, and the seriousness of discipline, and with the sober awareness that “the boat is in mid-stream and the current is more turbulent, the person is halfway up the mountain and the slope is steeper” [n15], effectively ensure that discipline enforcement is strict, violations are investigated, and accountability is precise. Adhere to the combination of strict management and care, and the equal emphasis on incentives and constraints, forge a cadre team with both integrity and ability in the dialectical unity of strict management and positive incentives, stimulate the enthusiasm and confidence for undertaking work and starting businesses, and create a strong atmosphere of assuming responsibility and taking action.

必须坚持严的基调不动摇，把严的要求贯穿管党治党全过程各方面。只有做到真管真严、敢管敢严、长管长严，才能从根本上解决党内存在的思想不纯、政治不纯、组织不纯、作风不纯等突出问题，确保党始终不变质、不变色、不变味。要坚决清除一切损害党的先进性和纯洁性的因素，以严的措施奠定严的基调，形成严的氛围，塑造良好的党内政治生态。将严的要求落实到制度制定、纪律执行和监督问责中，增强工作的预见性、制度的科学性和纪律的严肃性，以“船到中流浪更急，人到半山路更陡”的清醒切实做到执纪必严、违纪必究、问责精准。坚持严管和厚爱结合、激励和约束并重，在从严管理与正向激励的辩证统一中锻造德才兼备的干部队伍，激发干事创业的热情信心，营造担当作为的浓厚氛围。

We must persist in applying a systematic approach and continuously improve the system for comprehensive and strict governance of the Party. Comprehensive and strict governance of the Party is a systematic project. Horizontally, Party building involves political, ideological, organizational, conduct, discipline, and institutional aspects, requiring coordinated advancement of all work. Vertically, Party building encompasses a series of elements including decision-making and deployment, implementation and enforcement, and supervision and assurance, forming a complete logical chain for realizing Party leadership. We must continuously improve the system for comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, adhere to taking the Party’s political construction as the guide, [16]16 The Party’s political construction (党的政治建设) refers to the Party’s efforts to maintain its political orientation, political principles, and political discipline, prioritized as the overarching task in Party building since the 19th National Congress of the CPC in 2017. advance the integrated approach of ensuring that officials dare not, cannot, and do not want to be corrupt, [17]17 The “integrated approach of ensuring that officials dare not, cannot, and do not want to be corrupt” (一体推进不敢腐不能腐不想腐) is a key anti-corruption strategy combining deterrence, institutional constraints, and ideological education, formally adopted by the CPC around 2018. and promote the formation of a comprehensive and strict governance system characterized by organizational connectivity, thorough education, strong supervision, rigorous institutions, and clear responsibilities. In particular, we must grasp the “bull’s nose” of the responsibility system, [18]18 “Bull’s nose” (牛鼻子) is a Chinese idiom meaning the key or crucial point that, once grasped, allows control of the whole situation. adhere to the principle that “where there is power, there is responsibility, and power and responsibility must be equal,” and through the entire chain mechanism of clarifying responsibilities, understanding responsibilities, fulfilling responsibilities, and holding to account, achieve the transmission of pressure layer by layer and the interlocking of responsibilities, so as to use the institutional effectiveness of system integration to promote a dynamic situation where the entire Party works together from top to bottom.

必须坚持运用系统观念，不断健全全面从严治党体系。全面从严治党是一项系统工程。从横向来看，党的建设涉及政治、思想、组织、作风、纪律、制度等各方面，需要协同推进各项工作；从纵向来看，党的建设涵盖决策部署、贯彻落实、监督保障等一系列要素，构成实现党的领导的完整逻辑链条。要不断健全全面从严治党体系，坚持以党的政治建设为统领，一体推进不敢腐不能腐不想腐，推动形成组织贯通、教育入心、监管有力、制度严密、责任清晰的全面从严治党体系。特别是要牵住责任制这个“牛鼻子”，坚持“有权就有责，权责要对等”的原则，通过明责、知责、履责、问责全链条机制，实现压力层层传导、责任环环相扣，以系统集成的制度效能推动形成全党上下齐抓共管的生动局面。

(The author is a specially appointed researcher at the Beijing Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era Research Center)

（作者为北京市习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心特约研究员）