“Five Viscera,” “Six Bowels,” “Four Beams,” “Eight Pillars”: Focal Points for Constructing an Independent Knowledge System of Chinese Discipline Inspection and Supervision Studies

I. Problem Statement and Literature Review

一、问题提出与文献综述

With strong impetus from the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Commission of Supervision, in September 2022 the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council and the Ministry of Education issued a notice publishing the *Catalogue of Disciplines and Specialties for Graduate Education (2022)* and the *Measures for the Administration of the Catalogue of Disciplines and Specialties for Graduate Education*, formally establishing discipline inspection and supervision studies as a first-level discipline. The construction of an independent knowledge system for Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies was thereby placed on the agenda and became the common central task of the discipline inspection and supervision academic community. This is because, “in the modern sense, a ‘discipline’ is the institutionalized product of the evolution of knowledge production.” [1]1 This is a quotation from a Chinese academic source, likely referring to the institutionalized nature of disciplinary knowledge production. That is to say, there is an inseparable internal connection between the birth and development of a discipline and the evolution of knowledge production. The establishment of a new discipline signifies the emergence of new growth points for knowledge, and the process of that discipline’s development is precisely the institutionalized construction of new knowledge from a single point to a surface and then to an entire system. The establishment of discipline inspection and supervision studies is precisely the institutionalized product of the evolution and accumulation of knowledge production in discipline inspection and supervision to a certain stage since the 18th National Congress of the CPC. [2]2 The 18th National Congress of the CPC was held in 2012, marking the beginning of the Xi Jinping era and At the same time, as the American scholar Burton R. Clark stated: “Discovering knowledge is a task of exploring the unknown world and uncertain matters, and it is very difficult to systematize it through conventional organizational structures. This special mission—considered a secondary component in other social sectors—applies to every field of the broad disciplines.” [3]3 Li Li, Wu Jiang, "The Construction of the Curriculum System for the Discipline of Discipline Inspection and Supervision Studies: A Study Based on the Kano Model," *Journal of Henan University (Social Science Edition)*, 2024, no. 5. Knowledge is accumulated through the practice of generations of people; discovering knowledge is an endless task for people, and to continuously discover new knowledge, discipline construction must be constantly strengthened. Therefore, to better adapt to the actual situation where the anti-corruption struggle remains severe and complex, and the tasks of eradicating the soil and conditions for corruption remain arduous and heavy; to meet the practical needs of deeply advancing comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, the Party’s self-revolution, and achieving new progress and new results in the great new project of Party building in the New Era; and also to accelerate the promotion of high-quality development of discipline inspection and supervision work in the New Era, systematically and theoretically summarizing and elevating the long-term practice and experience of the Party and the state in discipline inspection and supervision work, it is urgently necessary to accelerate the construction of an independent knowledge system for Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies.

在中央纪委国家监委的大力推动下，2022年9月国务院学位委员会、教育部印发通知，公布《研究生教育学科专业目录（2022年）》和《研究生教育学科专业目录管理办法》，正式设立纪检监察学一级学科，中国纪检监察学自主知识体系的构建也随之提上议程，并成为纪检监察学界的共同的中心任务。这是因为，“现代意义上的‘学科’是知识生产演化的制度化建构产物”。也就是说，学科的诞生和发展与知识生产演化存在着密不可分的内在联系，一个新的学科的设立意味着出现新的知识增长点，而这个学科发展的过程也就是新知识从一个点到面、再到整个体系的制度化建构过程。纪检监察学的设立就是党的十八大以来纪检监察知识生产演化积累到了一定阶段的制度化产物。同时，正如美国学者伯顿·克拉克（Burton R.Clark）所言：“发现知识是一项探索未知世界和不确定事物的工作，要通过常规组织机构对其加以系统化是很困难的。这种特殊使命——在其他社会部门被认为是次要成分——适用于广泛学科的每一个领域。”知识是通过人们世世代代实践积累起来的，发现知识对于人们来说是一项无止境的任务，而要不断发现新的知识必须不断加强学科建设。因此，为了更好地适应当前反腐败斗争形势仍然严峻复杂、铲除腐败滋生土壤和条件任务仍然艰巨繁重的实际情况，满足深入推进全面从严治党、党的自我革命以及新时代党的建设新的伟大工程取得新进展新成效的现实需要，同时也为了加快推动新时代纪检监察工作高质量发展，将党和国家长期以来的纪检监察工作实践和经验进行体系化学理化归纳提升，亟须加快构建中国纪检监察学自主知识体系。

So, from which aspects should we begin to construct an independent knowledge system for Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies, and where are the focal points? The discipline inspection and supervision academic community has already conducted some research on this. For example, Wang Xu starts from the disciplinary connotations of the four second-level disciplines of discipline inspection and supervision studies—discipline inspection and supervision theory, Party discipline studies, supervision law studies, and clean governance studies—to analyze the main content and construction path of the independent knowledge system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies. [4]4 Jiang Laiyong, "The Current Situation, Problems, and Countermeasures in the Construction of the Discipline of Discipline Inspection and Supervision Studies," *Journal of Hebei University (Philosophy and Social Science Edition)*, 2024, no. 4. Chen Yafei believes that constructing an independent knowledge system for Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies is, from the level of theoretical thinking, a systematic explanation of the way to solve the unique problems of a large Party, and proposes that the four second-level disciplines of discipline inspection and supervision studies each bear the epochal mission of solving one or two of these points. [5]5 Chen Guangjin, "The Construction of the Academic System of Sociology in the New Era," *Sociological Studies*, 2021, no. 5. Guo Weilu analyzes the principles, requirements, and methodological paths for constructing an independent knowledge system for Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies from three dimensions: the discipline’s overview, its connotation, and its scope. [6]6 “Four beams” (四梁) and “eight pillars” (八柱) are traditional Chinese architectural metaphors for the main supporting structures of a building, used here to denote the core components of the academic and discourse systems. Zhang Zhen, combining the unique characteristics of discipline inspection and supervision studies such as autonomy, locality, and practicality, proposes that “the Party,” “the Constitution,” “power,” and “rule of law” are the four basic points for constructing an independent knowledge system for Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies. [7]7 The Two Upholds (两个维护) refers to upholding General Secretary Xi Jinping’s core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, and upholding the Party Central Committee’s authority and its centralized, unified leadership. Jiang Laiyong uses the concept of “the independent knowledge system of the discipline of discipline inspection and supervision” and believes that method is extremely important in constructing this system. [8]8 The Eight-Point Regulations (八项规定) are a set of rules adopted by the CPC Central Committee in 2012 to improve Party conduct and reduce bureaucracy, extravagance, and formalism. Xu Yuzhen deeply analyzes the basic categories of the independent knowledge system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies, taking “responsibility” as the logical starting point that fully reflects the people-centered value attribute of the discipline of discipline inspection and supervision and constitutes its categorical system. [9]9 The “four forms” (四种形态) are a graduated system of disciplinary measures within the CPC, ranging from criticism and education to severe punishment, aimed at addressing misconduct at different levels. The above studies have actively explored the construction of an independent knowledge system for Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies, but they all belong to research conducted from the single dimension of disciplinary system construction. Moreover, the focal points involve the content, principles, characteristics, methods, and categories of discipline inspection and supervision studies, which are not only relatively scattered in distribution but also lack strong internal connections among the various points.

那么，要从哪些方面着手构建中国纪检监察学自主知识体系，着力点又在哪里，纪检监察学界对此已经开展了一些研究。例如，王旭从纪检监察理论、党的纪律学、监察法学和廉政学这四个纪检监察学的二级学科的学科内涵出发，分析中国纪检监察学自主知识体系的主要内容和构建路径。陈亚飞认为构建中国纪检监察学自主知识体系是从理论思维层面系统剖释大党独有难题的破解之道，并提出纪检监察学的四个二级学科分别承担着破解其中一点或两点的时代使命。郭为禄从纪检监察学的学科概况、学科内涵、学科范围三个维度，分析中国纪检监察学自主知识体系构建的原则要求和方法路径。张震结合纪检监察学学科独有的自主性、本土性、实践性等特征，提出“党”“宪法”“权力”“法治”是构建中国纪检监察学自主知识体系的四个基点。蒋来用使用了“纪检监察学科自主知识体系”这个概念，并认为方法在构建“纪检监察学科自主知识体系”中极具重要性。许玉镇深入分析了中国纪检监察学自主知识体系的基本范畴，把“责任”作为全面反映了纪检监察学科以人民为中心的价值属性并构成纪检监察学范畴体系的逻辑起点。以上研究对中国纪检监察学自主知识体系的构建进行了积极探索，但均属于从学科体系建设这个单一维度出发进行的研究，并且着力点涉及纪检监察学的内容、原则、特征、方法、范畴等，不仅分布相对分散，各个点之间也缺乏较强的内在联系。

General Secretary Xi Jinping attaches great importance to the construction of an independent knowledge system for China, and has published a series of important discourses on what an independent knowledge system for China is, why it should be constructed, and how to construct it. During his inspection of Renmin University of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping clearly made the major judgment that “accelerating the construction of philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics ultimately boils down to constructing an independent knowledge system for China.” [10]10 The 18th National Congress of the CPC, held in November 2012, marked the beginning of the Xi Jinping era and the launch of a major anti-corruption campaign In his speech at the Symposium on Philosophy and Social Sciences Work, General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed to “continuously promote the construction and innovation of the disciplinary system, academic system, and discourse system, and strive to build a comprehensive, all-field, all-element philosophy and social sciences system,” and pointed out that “only by constructing a disciplinary system, academic system, and discourse system with its own characteristics can China’s philosophy and social sciences form their own features and advantages.” [11] This series of important discourses explains that the knowledge system includes not only the disciplinary system but also the academic system and the discourse system; constructing an independent knowledge system for China means constructing a disciplinary system, academic system, and discourse system that embody Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, and Chinese manner. Accordingly, this article’s research is based on constructing the three dimensions of the disciplinary system, academic system, and discourse system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies, and further focuses the focal points on the “five viscera” and “six bowels” that support the development of the disciplinary system, the “four beams” that support the development of the academic system, and the “eight pillars” that support the development of the discourse system.

习近平总书记高度重视中国自主知识体系的构建，对于什么是中国自主知识体系、为什么要构建中国自主知识体系、如何构建中国自主知识体系发表了一系列重要论述。在考察中国人民大学时，习近平总书记明确作出“加快构建中国特色哲学社会科学，归根结底是建构中国自主的知识体系”的重大判断。在哲学社会科学工作座谈会上的讲话中，习近平总书记提出要“不断推进学科体系、学术体系、话语体系建设和创新，努力构建一个全方位、全领域、全要素的哲学社会科学体系”，并指出“构建具有自身特质的学科体系、学术体系、话语体系，我国哲学社会科学才能形成自己的特色和优势”。这一系列重要论述诠释了——知识体系不仅包括学科体系，而且包括学术体系、话语体系；构建中国自主知识体系就是要构建体现中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的学科体系、学术体系、话语体系。据此，本文的研究立足构建中国纪检监察学学科体系、学术体系和话语体系三个维度，并进一步将着力点聚焦为支撑学科体系发展的“五脏”和“六腑”、支撑学术体系发展的“四梁”、支撑话语体系发展的“八柱”。

II. Accelerating the Construction of the “Five Viscera” and “Six Bowels” of the Disciplinary System of Chinese Discipline Inspection and Supervision Studies

二、加快构建中国纪检监察学学科体系的“五脏”和“六腑”

The disciplinary system is the foundation of the knowledge system. A discipline refers to a specific field of scientific research; the disciplinary system can be understood as a knowledge system in which different research fields or different branches of the same research field are interconnected due to specific relationships. Accelerating the construction of the disciplinary system, the key is to strengthen the construction of the “five viscera” and “six bowels” that support the development of the disciplinary system. China’s renowned sociologist Fei Xiaotong once used the vivid metaphors of “five viscera” and “six bowels” as a strategy for discipline construction regarding the reconstruction of Chinese sociology. In his speech at the symposium of the Preparatory Group of the Sichuan Sociological Research Association on May 6, 1982, he comprehensively explained this view: “The ‘five viscera’ refer to the five parts that should be included in the structure of a discipline: academic societies, research institutes, academic departments, library and information centers, and book and journal publishing departments. I dare not say whether this is complete. I think that a discipline can only develop normally if it has at least these ‘five viscera’… I once said that at least the teaching staff and teaching materials for six basic specialized courses should be prepared first. These are what I call the ‘six bowels.’ Of course, the more specialized courses the better; I only say that at least six courses are needed as the basic curriculum for an academic department.” [12] It can be seen that the so-called “five viscera” refer to the five types of specialized institutions that support the development of the disciplinary system, including academic societies, research institutes, academic departments, library and information centers, and book and journal publishing departments; the so-called “six bowels” refer to the six basic courses that support the development of the disciplinary system, including introductory courses on the discipline, basic theory courses, research methods courses, international comparative courses, practical application courses, and frontier issues courses. The continuous improvement of the “five viscera” and “six bowels” has laid a solid foundation for the construction of the disciplinary system. It was precisely in accordance with this strategic thinking that Chinese sociology was able to be reconstructed. Today, not only are the “five viscera” and “six bowels” already very complete, but in some fields it has reached a very high level and enjoys a high reputation internationally.

学科体系是知识体系的基础。学科指的是科学研究的特定领域，学科体系可以理解为不同的研究领域或者同一研究领域不同分支之间因为特定关系而相互联系起来的知识体系。加快构建学科体系，关键是要加强支撑学科体系发展的“五脏”和“六腑”建设。我国著名社会学家费孝通先生针对中国社会学的重建曾经用形象化的比喻提出“五脏”和“六腑”这个学科建设方略，他在1982年5月6日四川省社会学研究会筹备组座谈会上的发言中全面阐释了这个观点：“‘五脏’是指一门学科的结构中应该包括的五个部分：学会、研究所、学系、图书资料中心、书刊出版部，是不是全了，我不敢说。我想一门学科至少有了这‘五脏’方能正常发展起来……我曾说过，至少要先准备好六门基本专业课程的师资和教材。这就是我说的‘六腑’。当然专业课越多越好，我只说至少要有六门作为一个学系的基础课程。”可见，所谓“五脏”就是指支撑学科体系发展的五类专门机构，包括学会、研究所、学系、图书资料中心、书刊出版部等；所谓“六腑”就是指支撑学科体系发展的六门基础课程，包括学科概论类课程、基础理论类课程、研究方法类课程、国际比较类课程、实践应用类课程、前沿问题类课程等。“五脏”和“六腑”的不断完善为学科体系建设奠定了坚实基础。正是按照这个战略思路，中国社会学得以重建，时至今日不但“五脏”和“六腑”已经非常完备，而且在一些领域已经达到很高的水平，在国际上也享有较高声誉。

The focal point for accelerating the construction of the disciplinary system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies lies in strengthening the construction of the “five viscera” and “six bowels” that support the development of this disciplinary system. Among them, the “five viscera” of the disciplinary system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies have developed rapidly with the favorable wind of its establishment as a first-level discipline. Various specialized institutions such as societies, research institutes, academic departments, library and information centers, and book and journal publishing departments—the “five viscera”—have seen great development in both quantity and quality. For example, in terms of society construction, from November 20 to 21, 2023, the Sixth Congress of the China Discipline Inspection and Supervision Association was held. The meeting renamed the China Supervision Society as the China Discipline Inspection and Supervision Association, adopted the newly revised association charter and work report, and elected a new council. According to the provisions of the *Charter of the China Discipline Inspection and Supervision Association* revised at this meeting, promoting the construction of the discipline of discipline inspection and supervision is both an important part of the association’s purpose and a key area of its business scope. Subsequently, the Discipline Construction Sub-Association of the China Discipline Inspection and Supervision Association was established on June 6, 2024, to further promote the implementation of discipline construction. In terms of research institutes and academic departments, according to incomplete statistics, before the formal establishment of discipline inspection and supervision studies as a first-level discipline in September 2022, there were already more than 100 research institutions related to discipline inspection and supervision established in universities and research institutes nationwide. “Since 2022, the construction of disciplinary institutions has entered a stage of great development nationwide. Multiple universities, including Jiangsu University, China University of Political Science and Law, Hainan University, Guizhou Normal University, Tsinghua University, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Fujian Normal University, Shanghai University of Political Science and Law, East China University of Political Science and Law, Qingdao University, and Renmin University of China, have successively established colleges or institutes of discipline inspection and supervision.” [3]3 Li Li, Wu Jiang, "The Construction of the Curriculum System for the Discipline of Discipline Inspection and Supervision Studies: A Study Based on the Kano Model," *Journal of Henan University (Social Science Edition)*, 2024, no. 5. In terms of library and information centers and book and journal publishing departments, China Fangzheng Press is the only professional publishing institution in the national discipline inspection and supervision system, directly managed by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Commission of Supervision. It is the largest and most authoritative specialized publishing base for books on discipline inspection and supervision studies. For example, in March 2025, China Fangzheng Press published *Foundations of Discipline Inspection and Supervision Studies* (Second Edition) by Wang Xipeng, a researcher at the China Discipline Inspection and Supervision Academy. This is a supplement and improvement based on the *Foundations of Discipline Inspection and Supervision Studies* published in January 2021. “The second edition adds specific content from intra-Party regulations and national laws such as the *Regulations on the Work of the Discipline Inspection Commission*, the newly revised *Supervision Law* and its implementing regulations, and adds new achievements, new deployments, and new requirements in discipline inspection and supervision work in recent years (since the formal establishment of discipline inspection and supervision studies as a first-level discipline).” Additionally, the construction of professional journals (collected volumes) in discipline inspection and supervision studies has also achieved significant development. On April 15, 2024, *China Discipline Inspection and Supervision Research*, supervised by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Communist Party of China and the National Commission of Supervision of the People’s Republic of China, and sponsored by the China Discipline Inspection and Supervision Association and the China Discipline Inspection and Supervision Academy, was officially launched. The journal’s purpose is to “adhere to the guidance

加快构建中国纪检监察学学科体系的着力点，就在于加强支撑中国纪检监察学学科体系发展的“五脏”和“六腑”建设。其中，中国纪检监察学学科体系的“五脏”伴随着成立一级学科这股东风得以迅速发展。作为“五脏”的学会、研究所、学系、图书资料中心、书刊出版部等各类专业机构无论在数量上还是质量上均得到极大发展。例如，在学会建设方面，2023年11月20日至21日，中国纪检监察协会第六次会员代表大会召开，会议将中国监察学会更名为中国纪检监察协会，通过新修改的协会章程和工作报告，选举产生新一届理事会。根据这次会议修改的《中国纪检监察协会章程》的规定，推动纪检监察学科建设既是该协会的宗旨的重要内容，也是其重要的业务范围。随即，中国纪检监察协会纪检监察学科建设分会于2024年6月6日成立，进一步推动纪检监察学科建设落实落地。在研究所、学系建设方面，据不完全统计，在2022年9月纪检监察学一级学科正式设立之前，全国高校与科研院所设立的与纪检监察相关的研究机构已有100多个。“2022年以来，学科机构建设在全国范围内进入大发展阶段，江苏大学、中国政法大学、海南大学、贵州师范大学、清华大学、湖南科技大学、西南政法大学、福建师范大学、上海政法学院、华东政法大学、青岛大学、中国人民大学等多所高校先后成立纪检监察学院或研究院。”在图书资料中心、书刊出版部建设方面，中国方正出版社是由中央纪委国家监委主管主办的全国纪检监察系统唯一专业出版机构，是出版纪检监察学图书的最大、最权威的特色出版基地。例如，中国方正出版社于2025年3月出版了由中国纪检监察学院研究员王希鹏所著的《纪检监察学基础》（第二版），这是在2021年1月出版的《纪检监察学基础》一书基础上进行的补充完善，“第二版增加了《纪律检查委员会工作条例》、新修订的《监察法》及实施条例等党内法规和国家法律中的具体内容，增加了近年来（纪检监察学一级学科正式设立以来）纪检监察工作的新成效、新部署、新要求”。另外，纪检监察学专业期刊（集刊）建设也取得较大发展。2024年4月15日，由中共中央纪律检查委员会、中华人民共和国国家监察委员会主管，中国纪检监察协会、中国纪检监察学院主办的《中国纪检监察研究》正式创刊，该刊的宗旨是“坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，反映纪检监察理论研究、实践探索、制度建设和学科建设最新成果，努力为形成中国特色纪检监察学科体系、学术体系、话语体系贡献力量”。该刊虽然是新刊，但是起点高、发展潜力巨大。除此之外，还有《中国纪检监察》《中国纪检监察报》《廉政文化研究》《党内法规研究》《廉政学研究》《纪检监察学刊》《监察法论丛》《廉洁文化研究》《纪检监察学论丛》《纪检监察学术研究》等纪检监察专业期刊（集刊）；另外，《中央党校（国家行政学院）学报》《中国社会科学院大学学报》《河南社会科学》《广州大学学报（社会科学版）》《辽宁大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》《行政与法》等综合期刊设有纪检监察学研究专栏、专题、专刊等。当前纪检监察学的期刊（集刊）数量和质量均有较大提升，期刊方阵正在逐渐形成。

The development of the "six fu-organs" of the disciplinary system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies has overall lagged behind that of the "five zang-organs". The main problems lie in the curriculum system not yet being complete and the curriculum design not yet being scientific. Based on experimental and interview research, Li Li and Wu Jiang argue: "Although the current curriculum design for discipline inspection and supervision studies, proceeding from the perceptions of teaching administrators themselves, takes into account the subdivision of disciplines based on the macro-narrative of constructing a new disciplinary system, and also considers the compatibility of courses in this field with the university curriculum system, it neglects to consider the subjective perceptions and priority choices of stakeholders in this field." [3]3 Li Li, Wu Jiang, "The Construction of the Curriculum System for the Discipline of Discipline Inspection and Supervision Studies: A Study Based on the Kano Model," *Journal of Henan University (Social Science Edition)*, 2024, no. 5. Another closely related problem is the shortage of theoretical talent, such as teachers to deliver these courses. Through data analysis, Jiang Laiyong argues: "Within the current talent pool for the discipline of discipline inspection and supervision studies, there are relatively many applied talents in areas such as discipline inspection and supervision practice, teacher training, and publicity and education, but theoretical talent is extremely scarce, and the talent pool for disciplinary construction is in a state of serious structural imbalance." [4]4 Jiang Laiyong, "The Current Situation, Problems, and Countermeasures in the Construction of the Discipline of Discipline Inspection and Supervision Studies," *Journal of Hebei University (Philosophy and Social Science Edition)*, 2024, no. 4. In the future, the focus of constructing the "five zang-organs" and "six fu-organs" of the disciplinary system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies will be on strengthening the construction of the "six fu-organs". That is, to strengthen the systematic and distinctive construction of professional curricula—such as introductory courses on the discipline of discipline inspection and supervision studies, foundational theory courses, research methodology courses, international comparative courses, practical application courses, and frontier issue courses—and the urgently needed theoretical talent teams that support them, so as to better reflect the systematic and professional nature of the independent knowledge system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies.

中国纪检监察学学科体系的“六腑”的发展整体落后于“五脏”，主要问题在于课程体系还不健全、课程设置还不科学。李莉、吴江基于实验和访谈的研究认为：“尽管当前纪检监察学的课程设置从教学管理者自身的认知出发，考虑到了基于新学科体系构建的宏观叙事之上的学科细分，亦考虑到了本领域课程与高校课程体系的适配性，但却忽视了对本领域利益相关者的主观感知和优先选择的考量。”另一个与之紧密相关的问题在于教授课程的教师这类理论人才短缺。蒋来用通过数据分析认为：“在目前的纪检监察学科人才队伍中，纪检监察实务、师资培训、宣传教育等应用型人才相对较多，但理论人才极为紧缺，学科建设人才队伍处于严重的结构失衡状态。”未来，构建中国纪检监察学学科体系“五脏”和“六腑”的工作重点在于加强“六腑”建设，即加强纪检监察学学科概论类课程、基础理论类课程、研究方法类课程、国际比较类课程、实践应用类课程、前沿问题类课程等专业课程设置及其所亟须的理论人才队伍的体系化建设、特色化建设，更好地体现中国纪检监察学自主知识体系的系统性、专业性。

III. Accelerating the Construction of the "Four Beams" of the Academic System of Chinese Discipline Inspection and Supervision Studies

三、加快构建中国纪检监察学学术体系的“四梁”

The academic system is the core of the knowledge system. "Academics" refers to the activities through which professionals engage in scientific research to obtain truthful knowledge; the academic system can be understood as the knowledge system formed by theorizing and systematizing scientific research activities. To accelerate the construction of the academic system, the key is to strengthen the construction of the "four beams" that support the development of the academic system. From a sociological perspective, Chen Guangjin proposes the "four beams" of academic system construction: "Regarding the construction of the academic system of sociology, the key lies in the construction of four major pillars: the theoretical knowledge system, the historical knowledge system, the methodological knowledge system, and the applied knowledge system. These can be summarized in four characters: theory (论), history (史), method (法), and application (用). They define the academic paradigm, academic inheritance, research logic, and practical value of sociology." [5]5 Chen Guangjin, "The Construction of the Academic System of Sociology in the New Era," *Sociological Studies*, 2021, no. 5. By analogy, the so-called "four beams" refer to the theoretical knowledge system, the historical knowledge system, the methodological knowledge system, and the applied knowledge system that support academic development. The theoretical knowledge system defines the basic principles and correct direction that must be followed in constructing the academic system; the historical knowledge system defines the valuable experiences and fine traditions that must be inherited in constructing the academic system; the methodological knowledge system defines the research logic and technical means that must be implemented in constructing the academic system; the applied knowledge system defines the problem awareness and practice orientation that must run through the construction of the academic system.

学术体系是知识体系的核心。学术指的是专业人员进行科学研究而获得真理性认识的活动，学术体系可以理解为对科学研究活动予以理论化、系统化而成的知识体系。加快构建学术体系，关键是要加强支撑学术体系发展的“四梁”建设。陈光金从社会学视角提出学术体系建设的“四梁”：“就社会学的学术体系建设来说，关键就是理论知识体系、历史知识体系、方法知识体系和应用知识体系等四大支柱的建设，可以概括为论、史、法、用四个字。它们规定着社会学的学术范式、学术传承、研究理路和实践价值。”以此类推，所谓“四梁”就是指支撑学术发展的理论知识体系、历史知识体系、方法知识体系和应用知识体系。理论知识体系规定了构建学术体系必须遵循的基本原则、正确方向，历史知识体系规定了构建学术体系必须传承的宝贵经验、优良传统，方法知识体系规定了构建学术体系必须实施的研究理路、技术手段，应用知识体系规定了构建学术体系必须贯穿的问题意识、实践导向。

The focal point for accelerating the construction of the academic system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies lies in strengthening the construction of the “four beams” [6]6 “Four beams” (四梁) and “eight pillars” (八柱) are traditional Chinese architectural metaphors for the main supporting structures of a building, used here to denote the core components of the academic and discourse systems. that support the development of this academic system. First, the applied knowledge system within the “four beams” of the disciplinary system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies has developed relatively rapidly amid the deepening reform of discipline inspection and supervision organs in the New Era and the high-quality development of discipline inspection and supervision work in the New Era. This is because, since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has inaugurated socialism with Chinese characteristics in the New Era, driving historic changes and achieving historic accomplishments in the cause of the Party and the state. Against this broad backdrop, discipline inspection and supervision organs in the New Era have also undergone historic changes: their institutional mechanisms have become more complete, their organizational setups more scientific, their functional allocations more optimized, their operational management more efficient, and their team building more loyal, clean, and responsible. Discipline inspection and supervision work in the New Era has achieved historic accomplishments, such as deepening political oversight and political inspections, promoting the implementation and fulfillment of the major political responsibility of the Two Upholds; [7]7 The Two Upholds (两个维护) refers to upholding General Secretary Xi Jinping’s core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, and upholding the Party Central Committee’s authority and its centralized, unified leadership. advancing in an integrated manner the efforts to ensure that officials dare not, cannot, and do not want to be corrupt, securing a sweeping victory in the fight against corruption and consolidating it comprehensively; persistently implementing the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulations, [8]8 The Eight-Point Regulations (八项规定) are a set of rules adopted by the CPC Central Committee in 2012 to improve Party conduct and reduce bureaucracy, extravagance, and formalism. turning the improvement of work style into a golden name card of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party; and standardizing the use of the “four forms” [9]9 The “four forms” (四种形态) are a graduated system of disciplinary measures within the CPC, ranging from criticism and education to severe punishment, aimed at addressing misconduct at different levels. to establish and enforce Party discipline strictly. In this process, through strict supervision of Party members’ and cadres’ daily words and deeds, serious investigation and handling of corruption cases, and systematic rectification of the political ecosystem, the overall, fundamental, and long-term interests of the broad masses of the people have been effectively safeguarded, giving them a greater sense of gain, happiness, and security. It is evident that, with the deepening reform of discipline inspection and supervision organs in the New Era and the high-quality development of discipline inspection and supervision work in the New Era, the CPC has continuously accumulated practical experience in solving practical problems encountered in discipline inspection and supervision work, thereby steadily improving and perfecting the applied knowledge system within the “four beams.”

加快构建中国纪检监察学学术体系的着力点，就在于加强支撑中国纪检监察学学术体系发展的“四梁”建设。首先，中国纪检监察学学科体系“四梁”中的应用知识体系，在新时代纪检监察机关深化改革、新时代纪检监察工作高质量发展中得到较快发展。这是因为，党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央开创中国特色社会主义新时代，推动党和国家事业发生历史性变革、取得历史性成就。在此大背景下，新时代的纪检监察机关也发生了历史性变化：在体制机制上更加完善、在机构设置上更加科学、在职能配置上更加优化、在运行管理上更加高效、在队伍建设上更加忠诚干净担当。新时代的纪检监察工作取得了历史性成就，如深化政治监督、政治巡视，推动“两个维护”重大政治责任落实落地；一体推进不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐，推动反腐败斗争取得压倒性胜利并全面巩固；锲而不舍落实中央八项规定精神，推动作风建设成为全面从严治党的一张金色名片，规范运用“四种形态”，推动党的纪律立起来、严起来。在此过程中，通过对党员干部日常言行的严格监督、对腐败案件的严肃查办、对政治生态的系统整治，切实维护了广大人民群众的整体利益、根本利益、长远利益，让广大人民群众有更多获得感、幸福感、安全感。可见，随着新时代纪检监察机关的深化改革、新时代纪检监察工作的高质量发展，中国共产党不断积累解决纪检监察工作中遇到的实际问题的实践经验，“四梁”中的应用知识体系得以不断健全完善。

Second, the historical knowledge system within the “four beams” of the disciplinary system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies has also developed to a certain extent amid the construction of a clean culture in the New Era. China’s history and the history of the CPC contain extremely rich resources on clean culture, and our Party attaches great importance to tapping into the clean elements of fine traditional Chinese culture, the Party’s red revolutionary culture, and advanced socialist culture. For example, some localities have delved into the deeds and works of incorruptible officials, using their former residences, ancestral halls, and government offices as historical sites to create clean culture landscapes and actively promote ancient Chinese anti-corruption thought; some localities have taken revolutionary martyrs and role models of the era as vivid teaching materials, making good use of “rich mines” of red resources such as museums, memorial halls, and Party history museums to vigorously promote the fine work styles of CPC members, such as serving the country and the people, selfless dedication, and integrity; some localities have focused on telling clean stories from family traditions and family instructions, continuously carrying out a series of educational activities to assist clean governance within families, and vigorously strengthening the construction of family values, family education, and family traditions. It is evident that, by strengthening the construction of a clean culture in the New Era and summarizing the historical experience of doing a good job in discipline inspection and supervision work, the development of the historical knowledge system within the “four beams” of the academic system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies has been objectively promoted.

其次，中国纪检监察学学科体系“四梁”中的历史知识体系在新时代廉洁文化建设中也得到一定的发展。我国历史以及中国共产党党史中蕴藏着十分丰富的廉洁文化资源，而且我们党也高度重视挖掘中华优秀传统文化、党的红色革命文化、社会主义先进文化中的廉洁元素。例如，有的地方深入挖掘清官廉吏的事迹、作品等，依托其故居、祠堂、府衙等历史遗迹，打造廉洁文化人文景观，积极宣传我国古代反腐倡廉思想；有的地方把革命英烈、时代楷模当作生动教材，用好博物馆、纪念馆、党史馆等红色资源“富矿”，大力弘扬中国共产党人为国为民、无私奉献、清正廉洁等优良作风；有的地方注重讲好家风家训中的廉洁故事，持续开展家庭助廉系列教育活动，大力加强家庭家教家风建设。可见，通过加强新时代廉洁文化建设，从中总结归纳做好纪检监察工作的历史经验，在客观上促进了中国纪检监察学学术体系“四梁”中历史知识体系的不断发展。

Third, the methodological knowledge system within the “four beams” of the disciplinary system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies has also developed to a certain extent in the practice of investigation and research in discipline inspection and supervision. Investigation and research are a heirloom of the CPC and a basic skill for doing all work well, including discipline inspection and supervision work. In fact, a large amount of practical work in discipline inspection and supervision, such as supervision and inspection, and review and investigation, is essentially investigation and research. Research work in discipline inspection and supervision also relies on investigation and research. As early as 2010 to 2011, the China Center for Anti-Corruption Research of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, in collaboration with the Institute of Sociology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, conducted a survey on anti-corruption and clean governance, thereby pioneering the study of discipline inspection and supervision issues through large-scale questionnaire surveys. The first joint survey consisted of two parts: first, a cluster-stratified sampling of 2,795 districts, counties, and cities nationwide, with a random sample of 100 districts, counties, and cities, and 400 village and neighborhood committees across 28 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government), totaling 7,500 samples, to conduct a nationally representative survey covering urban and rural areas; second, a questionnaire survey of groups such as district and county leading cadres, ordinary cadres, enterprise management personnel, and professional and technical personnel in six provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) in the eastern, central, and western regions. Through these surveys, the center has continuously published the *Report on China’s Anti-Corruption and Clean Governance Construction*, comprehensively reflecting the process of Party conduct and clean governance construction and the anti-corruption struggle in China since the New Era.

再次，中国纪检监察学学科体系“四梁”中的方法知识体系在纪检监察调查研究实践中也得到一定的发展。调查研究是中国共产党的传家宝，是做好包括纪检监察工作在内的各项工作的基本功，实际上，纪检监察的大量的实务工作，如监督检查、审查调查本质上就是调查研究。纪检监察的研究工作也要依靠调查研究。早在2010年至2011年期间，中国社会科学院中国廉政研究中心就联合中国社会科学院社会学研究所开展了反腐倡廉问卷调查，由此开启了通过大规模问卷调查的方法研究纪检监察问题的先河。双方首次联合开展的问卷调查具体包括两部分：一是对全国2795个区市县进行聚类分层，以随机抽样方式抽取全国28个省（自治区、直辖市）的100个县市区、400个村居委会的7500个样本，进行覆盖全国城乡、具有全国代表性的问卷调查；二是在东中西部的6个省（自治区、直辖市）对区县领导干部、普通干部、企业管理人员、专业技术人员等群体进行的问卷调查。通过问卷调查，该中心连续出版《中国反腐倡廉建设报告》，全面反映了新时代以来我国党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争进程。

Finally, compared with the historical knowledge system, the methodological knowledge system, and the applied knowledge system, the development of the most important theoretical knowledge system within the “four beams” of the academic system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies has lagged relatively behind. This is specifically manifested in the fact that the theoretical knowledge system, as part of the “four beams” of the academic system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies, lacks sufficient independence and autonomy. It remains deeply influenced by the academic research paradigms of adjacent and relatively mature first-level disciplines such as law, political science, economics, sociology, and public management, and is particularly influenced by Western theories accompanying these disciplines, such as principal-agent theory, rent-seeking theory, and separation-of-powers theory. Even Chinese cases and Chinese experiences have at times been used to verify the universality of Western theories. In the future, the focus of constructing the “four beams” of the academic system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies will be on continuously summarizing and refining a theoretical knowledge system with Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, and Chinese manner, to better reflect the inheritance and national character of the independent knowledge system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies.

最后，相比于历史知识体系、方法知识体系和应用知识体系，中国纪检监察学学术体系“四梁”中最重要的理论知识体系的发展相对滞后。具体表现为：作为中国纪检监察学学术体系“四梁”的理论知识体系独立性、自主性不够，依然深受法学、政治学、经济学、社会学、公共管理学等相近的、相对成熟的一级学科的学术研究范式的影响，特别是深受与这些学科相伴而来的委托代理理论、寻租理论、分权理论等西方理论的影响，甚至中国案例、中国经验也一度被用来验证西方理论的普适性。未来，构建中国纪检监察学学术体系“四梁”的工作重点在于不断总结提炼具有中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的理论知识体系，更好地体现中国纪检监察学自主知识体系的继承性、民族性。

IV. Accelerating the Construction of the “Eight Pillars” of the Discourse System of Chinese Discipline Inspection and Supervision Studies

四、加快构建中国纪检监察学话语体系的“八柱”

The discourse system is the reflection, expression, and dissemination form of the disciplinary system and the academic system. Discourse refers to specific language and textual symbols. The discourse system can be understood as a knowledge system formed by reflecting, expressing, and disseminating the disciplinary system and the academic system. The key to accelerating the construction of the discourse system is to strengthen the construction of the “eight pillars” that support the development of the discourse system. The so-called “eight pillars” refer to the iconic concepts, judgments, propositions, and categories that support the development of the discourse system, as well as representative famous works, famous scholars, schools of thought, and doctrines. Among these, iconic concepts form the foundational part of the “eight pillars.” Sun Zhengyu has summarized the foundational role and significance of iconic concepts: “The ‘iconicity’ of ‘iconic concepts’ lies in the fact that they contain the ‘basic ideas’ and ‘interpretive principles’ that constitute the system; they reveal the ‘universal light’ and ‘living soul’ of the conceptual framework and conceptual system that constitute the system; they open up the ‘platform of thought’ and ‘theoretical space’ for constructing and developing the system.” The other parts of the “eight pillars” are essentially extensions and deepenings of iconic concepts.

话语体系是学科体系、学术体系的反映、表达和传播形式。话语指的是特定的语言、文本符号。话语体系可以理解为反映、表达和传播学科体系、学术体系而形成的知识体系。加快构建话语体系关键是要加强支撑话语体系发展的“八柱”建设。所谓“八柱”，就是指支撑话语体系发展的具有标识性的概念、判断、命题、范畴等，以及具有代表性的名著、名家、学派、学说等。其中，标识性的概念属于“八柱”的基础部分。孙正聿对标识性概念的基础性作用和意义进行了集中概括：“‘标识性概念’的‘标识性’，就在于它蕴含着构成该体系的‘基本理念’和‘解释原则’，它显示了构成该体系的概念框架和概念系统的‘普照的光’和‘活的灵魂’，它开拓了建构和发展该体系的‘思想平台’和‘理论空间’。”而“八柱”的其他部分本质上均属于标识性概念的拓展和深化。

The focal point for accelerating the construction of the discourse system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies lies in strengthening the construction of the “eight pillars” that support the development of this discourse system. Given that discipline inspection and supervision studies have not been established for long and are still in their initial stage, their disciplinary system and academic system, though having developed to some extent—with some aspects developing relatively quickly—still exhibit a low overall level of development. The development of the discourse system, as the reflection, expression, and dissemination form of the disciplinary and academic systems, also displays this characteristic. This can be glimpsed specifically from the generation and development process of the identity-concepts that constitute the “eight pillars” of the discourse system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC [10]10 The 18th National Congress of the CPC, held in November 2012, marked the beginning of the Xi Jinping era and the launch of a major anti-corruption campaign, with the full exertion of the political leadership and political guarantee role of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, the fight against corruption has achieved a crushing victory and been comprehensively consolidated, leading to an endless stream of new formulations, new terms, and new concepts related to it. For example, since 2018, the top ten anti-corruption hot words jointly released annually by the website of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Commission of Supervision and the editorial department of *Bite and Chew Characters* [11] using big data searches are typical representatives. From 2018 to 2024, the number of anti-corruption hot words released has reached 70. These hot words centrally reflect the key work of Party conduct, clean governance, and the anti-corruption struggle for the year. Some of these hot words have appeared repeatedly multiple times (with slight differences in expression before and after), for example, “promoting the ‘three nos’ as an integrated whole” (2019 annual anti-corruption hot word), “promoting the integration of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt” (2020 annual anti-corruption hot word), “integrated promotion of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt” (2021 annual anti-corruption hot word), and “integrated promotion of the ‘three no-corruptions’” (2022 annual anti-corruption hot word). This indicates that this work has consistently been a focus of Party conduct, clean governance, and the anti-corruption struggle. The above anti-corruption hot words, especially those that appear repeatedly, should obviously fall within the category of identity-concepts among the “eight pillars” of the discourse system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies. However, these anti-corruption hot words are essentially still a form of political discourse. To truly transform from anti-corruption hot words into identity-concepts requires converting political discourse into academic discourse, which obviously necessitates a process of systematic and theoretical research and interpretation. Currently, some scholars have already done some work in this regard. For example, Cai Zhiqiang and Yang Ping, while elaborating on the ideas for constructing the conceptual system of discipline inspection and supervision, have also summarized and classified relevant identity-concepts: “Based on the mission, tasks, and construction standards and methods of discipline inspection and supervision concepts, the conceptual system of discipline inspection and supervision studies should take ‘discipline inspection and supervision’ as the core concept, self-revolution, disciplinary inspection, state supervision, clean governance, and the Party and state supervision system as basic concepts, discipline inspection and supervision theory, discipline inspection and supervision system, and discipline inspection and supervision practice as basic categories, and several general concepts under each category as support.” The summarization and classification of identity-concepts are prerequisites for conducting systematic and theoretical research and interpretation. This also indicates that current academic research on the identity-concepts among the “eight pillars” of the discourse system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies is not yet in-depth, comprehensive, or systematic. If research on identity-concepts, which is the foundational work for constructing the “eight pillars,” is still at this level, then other work, such as expanding and deepening identity-concepts, is even more lagging behind. In the future, the focus of constructing the “eight pillars” of the discourse system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies lies in strengthening the systematic and theoretical research and interpretation of discourse falling within the category of relevant identity-concepts, further promoting the positive interaction between political discourse and academic discourse, avoiding the trap of both talking to themselves and engaging in self-referential cycles, thereby advancing the international dissemination of Chinese discourse on discipline inspection and supervision, telling “China’s stories” well and articulating “China’s principles” well, and better reflecting the originality and contemporaneity of the independent knowledge system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies.

加快构建中国纪检监察学话语体系的着力点，就在于加强支撑中国纪检监察学话语体系发展的“八柱”建设。鉴于纪检监察学设立时间不长，目前还是起步阶段，其学科体系、学术体系虽有所发展，其中个别方面发展得还比较快，但是整体发展水平不高。作为学科体系、学术体系反映、表达和传播形式的话语体系的发展也呈现这个特点。具体可以从作为中国纪检监察学话语体系“八柱”中的标识性概念的生成和发展过程中窥见一斑。党的十八大以来，随着全面从严治党的政治引领和政治保障作用充分发挥，反腐败斗争取得压倒性胜利并全面巩固，与之相关的新提法、新名词、新概念层出不穷。例如，自2018年以来，中央纪委国家监委网站与《咬文嚼字》编辑部利用大数据搜索联合发布的十大反腐热词就是其中的典型代表。从2018年至2024年，发布的反腐热词已经达到70个 ，这些热词集中反映了年度党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争的重点工作，其中有的热词反复出现多次（前后表述有所差别），例如，一体推进“三不”（2019年度反腐热词），一体推进不敢腐不能腐不想腐（2020年度反腐热词），不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐一体推进（2021年度反腐热词），一体推进“三不腐”（2022年度反腐热词），这表明此项工作一直是党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争的重点。以上这些反腐热词，特别是其中反复出现的热词显然应该属于中国纪检监察学话语体系“八柱”中的标识性概念的范畴。但是，这些反腐热词本质上还是一种政治话语，而要从反腐热词真正成为标识性概念就需要将政治话语转化为学术话语，这显然需要经过一个体系化学理化的研究阐释过程。目前有学者已经在这方面做了一些工作，例如，蔡志强、阳平在阐释纪检监察概念体系构建思路的同时对相关标识性概念进行归纳分类：“基于纪检监察学概念的使命任务和建构标准、方法，纪检监察学概念体系宜以‘纪检监察’为核心概念，以自我革命、纪律检查、国家监察、廉政、党和国家监督体系为基本概念，以纪检监察理论、纪检监察制度、纪检监察实践为基本范畴，以各范畴下的若干一般概念为支撑。”对于标识性概念的归纳、分类是进行体系化学理化研究阐释的前提，这也表明当前学界对于中国纪检监察学话语体系“八柱”中的标识性概念的研究还不深入、全面、系统。对于作为“八柱”建设的基础性工作的标识性概念的研究尚且如此，那么对于标识性概念进行拓展和深化等其他工作就更显滞后。未来，构建中国纪检监察学话语体系“八柱”的工作重点在于加强对属于相关标识性概念范畴的话语进行体系化学理化的研究阐释，进一步促进政治话语与学术话语的良性互动，避免二者陷入自说自话、自我循环的陷阱，进而推进纪检监察中国话语的国际传播，讲好“中国故事”、讲出“中国道理”，更好地体现中国纪检监察学自主知识体系的原创性、时代性。

Conclusion

结语

The “Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Deepening Reform Comprehensively to Advance Chinese-Path Modernization” adopted at the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC [12] has incorporated “constructing an independent knowledge system for Chinese philosophy and social sciences” as an important component of deepening the reform of the cultural system and mechanism and improving the responsibility system for ideological work. This indicates that to further deepen reform comprehensively and advance Chinese-path modernization, great importance must be attached to constructing an independent knowledge system for Chinese philosophy and social sciences, including the independent knowledge system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies. On the new journey of the New Era, it is necessary to continuously improve the “five zang-organs” and “six fu-organs” supporting the development of the disciplinary system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision studies, the “four beams” supporting the development of the academic system, and the “eight pillars” supporting the development of the discourse system, to promote the improvement and perfection of the independent knowledge system of Chinese discipline inspection and supervision, to theoretically clarify the great significance of “persisting in governing the Party with reform spirit and strict standards” and “resolutely fighting the protracted, comprehensive, and total war against corruption,” to promote the high-quality development of discipline inspection and supervision work, and to provide a strong guarantee for further deepening reform comprehensively and advancing Chinese-path modernization.

党的二十届三中全会通过的《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的决定》将“构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系”作为深化文化体制机制改革、完善意识形态工作责任制的重要内容进行了部署。这表明进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化，必须高度重视构建包括中国纪检监察学自主知识体系在内的中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系。新时代新征程，要不断完善支撑中国纪检监察学学科体系发展的“五脏”和“六腑”、支撑学术体系发展的“四梁”、支撑话语体系发展的“八柱”，促进中国纪检监察自主知识体系的健全完善，从学理上阐释清楚“坚持用改革精神和严的标准管党治党”“坚决打好反腐败斗争攻坚战持久战总体战”的重大意义，推动纪检监察工作高质量发展，为进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化提供坚强保障。顶部

(Author’s bio: Sun Dawei, Doctor of Management, Associate Research Fellow at the Academy of Marxism, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Associate Professor at the School of Law, University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Master’s Supervisor, Deputy Secretary-General of the China Clean Governance Research Center, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.)

（作者简介:孙大伟，管理学博士，中国社会科学院马克思主义研究院副研究员，中国社会科学院大学法学院副教授，硕士生导师，中国社会科学院中国廉政研究中心副秘书长。）