A Study on Offering the General Education Course “Introduction to Marxist Atheism” in Institutions of Higher Education

Offering the general education elective course “Introduction to Marxist Atheism” in institutions of higher education is the optimal way to advance the integration of atheism into textbooks, into classrooms, and into students’ minds. Based on the author’s experience in teaching and research on atheism general education courses, this course has clear teaching objectives, including helping college students consolidate their Marxist ideals and convictions and establish a correct view of religion and ethnicity. The course should be undertaken by the School of Marxism, primarily because it is first and foremost an ideological and political theory course focused on “reasoning,” and should not be limited to serving as a specialized course in disciplines such as Marxist theory or religious studies. In the process of building a general education course on Marxist atheism, institutions of higher education should, centering on the teaching objectives of the course, rigorously produce teaching handouts, syllabi, and lesson plans, carry out targeted classroom teaching of Marxist atheism, and monitor the quality of classroom teaching throughout the entire process.

高校开设《马克思主义无神论概论》通识选修课是实现推进无神论进教材、进课堂、进头脑的最佳方式。笔者以参与无神论通识课程教学与科研经验为基础,认为这门课程具有明确的教学目标,包括帮助大学生巩固马克思主义理想信念、树立正确的宗教观和民族观。该课程应当由马克思主义学院承担开设,主要是由于它首先是一门注重“讲道理”的思想政治理论课,而不应局限于充当马克思主义理论或者宗教学等学科的专业课。在建设马克思主义无神论通识课程的过程中,高校要围绕课程的教学目标,严格制作教学讲义、教学大纲和教案,有针对性开展马克思主义无神论课堂教学,并全过程关注课堂的教学质量。

I. The Significance of Offering a General Education Course on Marxist Atheism in Institutions of Higher Education

一、高校开设马克思主义无神论通识课程的意义

Offering the general education course “Introduction to Marxist Atheism” in institutions of higher education can clearly explain the principle that “ghosts and gods do not exist,” confirm the truth of atheism, and on this basis achieve teaching objectives such as consolidating college students’ Marxist ideals and convictions, firmly establishing a correct view of religion, and forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation.

高校开设《马克思主义无神论概论》通识课程能够讲明白“鬼神不存在”的道理、确认无神论的真理性,在此基础上实现巩固大学生的马克思主义理想信念、牢固树立正确的宗教观和铸牢中华民族共同体意识等教学目标。

(1) Consolidating College Students’ Marxist Ideals and Convictions

(一)巩固大学生的马克思主义理想信念

The fundamental task of higher education is to foster virtue and nurture talent [立德树人]; it must continuously strengthen education on ideals and convictions for college students, cultivating socialist builders and successors who are well-developed morally, intellectually, physically, aesthetically, and labor-wise. China adheres to the principle of separating education from religion. To safeguard the ideological security of university campuses, soil for the breeding and spread of theism, such as religion, must not be retained in institutions of higher education. Once a large number of college students on campus believe in religion or other forms of theism, the spread and diffusion of theism on campus can become difficult to control, thereby eroding the mainstream ideological阵地 of Marxism and undermining the ideological foundation of young students striving for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Entering the New Era, the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological domain of higher education has been effectively consolidated, and the space for the growth of theism, such as religion, in higher education has been compressed. Carrying out classroom teaching of Marxist atheism in higher education and guiding college students to establish a thorough Marxist atheist belief is an effective way to further suppress the influence of theism within higher education.

高校教育的根本任务在于立德树人,必须不断加强大学生的理想信念教育,培养德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人。我国坚持教育与宗教相分离的原则,为了维护大学校园的意识形态安全,不得在高校中留存宗教等有神论滋生、传播的土壤。一旦高校存在大量信仰宗教或其他有神论的大学生,有神论在校园的传播、扩散会变得难以控制,进而侵蚀马克思主义主流意识形态的阵地,破坏青年学生为实现中华民族伟大复兴而奋斗的思想基础。进入新时代,马克思主义在高校意识形态领域的指导地位得到有效巩固,宗教等有神论在高校滋长的空间被压缩。高校开展马克思主义无神论课堂教学,引导大学生树立彻底的马克思主义无神论信仰,是进一步抑制有神论在高校内影响的有效途径。

“From the very beginning, the concept of atheism emerged in the domain of social consciousness as the antithesis of the concept of theism. It is a reflection of the concept of theism in a negative form, always fundamentally directed against theism.” The main thread of teaching in the general education course on Marxist atheism is to clearly explain the truth that “the concept of ghosts and gods does not exist,” comprehensively expose the essence of the concept of ghosts and gods and the falsity of theism, guide college students to establish a scientific worldview, and become advanced Marxist atheists, thereby helping to consolidate the Marxist ideals and convictions of contemporary youth from both the negative and positive levels.

“无神观念从一开始就是作为有神观念的对立面出现在社会意识领域,它是以否定的形式对有神观念的一种反映,始终是以反对有神论为根本指向的。”马克思主义无神论通识课程的教学主线就是讲明白“鬼神观念不存在”这一真理,全面揭露鬼神观念的本质和有神论的虚假,引导大学生树立科学的世界观,并成为先进的马克思主义无神论者,从否定和肯定两个层面帮助巩固当代青年的马克思主义理想信念。

First, the negative level. Based on the basic view of the essence of religion that “all religion is nothing but the fantastic reflection in men’s minds of those external forces which control their daily life,” the content of the general education course on Marxist atheism can both explain that the concept of ghosts and gods is merely illusory consciousness, not truly existing in the real world, and reveal the essence of the concept of ghosts and gods, which lacks objective reality and is a false reflection of the real world. The illusory concepts propagated by theism are detrimental to college students forming a scientific worldview. Through theoretical analysis and practical critique of theistic thought, the general education course on Marxist atheism negates theistic concepts, helping college students establish and consolidate the Marxist scientific worldview.

一是否定的层面。基于“一切宗教都不过是支配着人们日常生活的外部力量在人们头脑中的反映”这个关于宗教本质的基本观点,马克思主义无神论通识课程的内容既能说明鬼神观念只不过是虚幻的意识,在现实世界并不真实存在;也能揭示鬼神观念的本质,其不具备客观现实性,是对现实世界的虚假的反映。有神论所宣扬的虚幻观念,不利于大学生形成科学的世界观。马克思主义无神论通识课程通过对有神论思想进行理论分析和实践批判,否定有神观念,帮助大学生树立和巩固马克思主义科学世界观。

Second, the positive level. Marxist atheism is the foundation and prerequisite of Marxist theory; education in Marxist atheism is an important component of education in Marxist ideals and convictions. Carrying out education in Marxist atheism in higher education can effectively consolidate college students’ Marxist ideals and convictions. As an advanced form of the development of atheist thought, Marxist atheism is a component of systematized Marxist theory. The purpose of strengthening propaganda and education on Marxist atheism is to consolidate Marxist ideals and convictions; thus, Marxist atheism also possesses the function of constructing scientific ideals and convictions. As a general education course of the ideological and political type, the general education course on Marxist atheism can be regarded as a component of ideological and political theory courses, capable of forming a synergy with the teaching of other ideological and political theory courses, guiding college students to firmly establish belief in Marxism and communism.

二是肯定的层面。马克思主义无神论是马克思主义理论的基础和前提、马克思主义无神论教育是马克思主义理想信念教育的重要组成部分,高校开展马克思主义无神论教育能够有效巩固大学生的马克思主义理想信念。马克思主义无神论作为无神论思想发展的高级形态,是体系化的马克思主义理论的组成部分,加强马克思主义无神论宣传教育的目的在于巩固马克思主义理想信念,由此,马克思主义无神论又具备科学理想信念建构的功能。马克思主义无神论通识课程作为思政类通识课程,可以被视为思想政治理论课的组成部分,能够同其他思想政治理论课的教学形成合力,引导大学生坚定树立马克思主义和共产主义信仰。

(2) Guiding College Students to Establish a Correct View of Religion

(二)引导大学生树立正确的宗教观

The general education course on Marxist atheism systematically introduces the laws of the origin, development, and extinction of religion, as well as its social functions, guiding college students to understand religion from the perspective of Marxist atheism and to form a Marxist’s threefold basic attitude toward religious issues: first, recognizing that religion, as an inverted worldview, lacks genuine reality, and that one should break free from the influence of its theistic thought and should not believe in religion; second, understanding why some people still believe in religion in socialist society, and respecting the right to freedom of religious belief of religious believers; third, struggling against theism in a strategic manner and actively propagating Marxist atheism.

马克思主义无神论通识课程系统介绍宗教的起源、发展、消亡的规律与社会功能,引导大学生用马克思主义无神论的观点来认识宗教,形成马克思主义者关于宗教问题的三重基本态度:一是认识到宗教作为颠倒的世界观,不具有真正的现实性,要摆脱其有神论思想的影响,不应该信仰宗教;二是理解为何在社会主义社会仍然有人信仰宗教,要尊重信教群众的宗教信仰自由权利;三是要有策略地同有神论作斗争,积极宣传马克思主义无神论。

By systematically analyzing religion, the general education course “Introduction to Marxist Atheism” can help college students recognize that it is a relatively backward worldview and social ideology, clearly explaining the principle that young college students should not believe in religion. The relationship between theism and atheism is one of mutual exclusivity and opposition—that is, a person cannot simultaneously believe that ghosts and gods truly exist and firmly believe that ghosts and gods lack objective reality. Therefore, a true Marxist atheist cannot believe in religion. The theism propagated by religion lacks truth; the illusory future it promises lacks reality; it only safeguards the interests of specific religions or religious organizations and cannot represent the interests of the broad masses of the people. On the contrary, the superiority of the Marxist atheist worldview far exceeds that of the religious worldview. Contemporary college students should adhere to Marxism rather than believe in religion. For members of the Communist Party of China and members of the Communist Youth League, the atheism course can clearly explain the proposition explicitly stipulated by the Party Central Committee that “Party members must not believe in religion,” emphasizing that this is first and foremost a political proposition, a “major matter concerning the guiding ideology and theoretical foundation of the state and the cultivation of builders and successors.” Marxists are necessarily thorough atheists; Party members, probationary Party members, and League members among college students must not believe in religion.

《马克思主义无神论概论》通识课程通过系统剖析宗教,能够帮助大学生认识到它是相对落后的世界观和社会意识形态,讲清楚青年大学生不应该信仰宗教的道理。有神论和无神论之间是非此即彼、相互排斥的关系,即一个人不可能既认为鬼神真实存在又坚信鬼神不具有客观实在性。因此,真正的马克思主义无神论者不可能信仰宗教。宗教宣传的有神论不具有真理性,它许诺的虚幻未来不具有现实性,它只维护特定宗教或宗教组织的利益而不能代表广大人民群众的利益。相反,马克思主义无神论世界观的先进性远超宗教世界观,当代大学生应当坚持马克思主义而不是信仰宗教。对于中国共产党党员、共产主义青年团团员而言,无神论课程能讲清楚党中央明确规定的“共产党员不得信教”命题,强调这首先是一个政治性命题,是“关系国家的指导思想、理论基础和培养建设者、接班人的大事”。马克思主义者必然是彻底的无神论者,大学生群体中的党员、预备党员和团员不得信教。

By expounding on the social basis of the existence of religion, the atheism course can clearly explain the reasons why phenomena such as religion and other forms of theism still exist in socialist society, and that young students should respect the right to freedom of religious belief of religious believers. China’s religion has the characteristic of being mass-based; “the essence of the Party’s religious work is mass work.” This course should guide college students to correctly view the relationship between non-religious believers and religious believers, understanding that the contradiction between the two sides in terms of worldview mainly belongs to contradictions among the people, but that their fundamental interests in economic and political terms are consistent; both are part of the mass base of the Party’s governance. In socialist society, the existence and development of religion still have their natural, social, and epistemological roots. Marxist atheism opposes using administrative orders to abolish religion, does not incite atheists to criticize religious believers, and avoids stimulating religious fanaticism. Marxists respect the right to freedom of religious belief of theists, advocate that the Party and government legally guarantee the normal religious needs of religious believers, and oppose causing division among the people due to issues of religious belief.

无神论课程从阐述宗教的社会存在基础,能够讲清楚社会主义社会仍然存在宗教等有神论现象的原因,青年学生要尊重信教群众的宗教信仰自由权利。我国宗教具有群众性的特征,“党的宗教工作的本质是群众工作”。该课程要引导大学生正确看待不信教群众和信教群众的关系,理解双方在世界观上的矛盾主要属于人民内部矛盾,但是在经济上政治上的根本利益具有一致性,他们都是党执政的群众基础。在社会主义社会,宗教的存在和发展仍有其自然根源、社会根源和认识根源,马克思主义无神论反对用行政命令取缔宗教,不发动无神论者批判信教群众,避免刺激宗教狂热。马克思主义者尊重有神论者的宗教信仰自由权利,主张党和政府依法保障信教群众正常宗教需求,反对因宗教信仰问题而造成人民群众内部的分裂。

The atheism course must also teach that Marxists “must be good at waging struggle against religion,” actively propagate the scientific worldview of Marxist atheism, resolutely struggle against forces that engage in illegal activities under the banner of religion, and in practice apply Marxist atheism to contribute to cultural-ethical progress and social stability. On the one hand, when facing family members, friends, neighbors, and fellow villagers, one must have the courage to propagate Marxist atheism, patiently explain to them the scientific worldview of Marxist atheism, help them recognize the illusory nature of theism, and assist them in distancing themselves from various temptations of theism. On the other hand, against forces that engage in illegal religious activities, religious extremism, overseas religious infiltration, criminal activities, and the like under the banner of religion, Marxists must inevitably carry out thorough criticism and struggle, and actively report clues of related cases to public security departments. In particular, in some ethnic regions of our country where the proportion of religious believers is relatively high, offering Marxist atheism education in colleges and universities is of extreme importance, as it can effectively curb the space for the growth and spread of religious extremism in society.

无神论课程还要讲述马克思主义者“必须善于同宗教作斗争”,积极宣传马克思主义无神论的科学世界观、坚决同打着宗教旗号从事非法活动的势力作斗争,在实践中运用马克思主义无神论为精神文明建设和社会稳定做贡献。一方面,面对家人朋友、邻里乡亲等,要勇于宣传马克思主义无神论,要有耐心地向他们宣传马克思主义无神论的科学世界观,他们认识到有神论虚幻的本质,帮助他们远离各类有神论的诱惑。另一方面,针对打着宗教旗号从事非法宗教、宗教极端主义、境外宗教渗透、犯罪等活动的势力,马克思主义者必然坚决开展彻底的批判和斗争,并积极向公安部门举报相关活动的案件线索。特别是,在我国部分信教群众比例较高的民族地区,高校开展马克思主义无神论教育具有极端重要性,能够有效遏制宗教极端主义在社会滋长和传播的空间。

(3) Forging a Strong Sense of Community for the Chinese Nation among College Students

(三)铸牢大学生的中华民族共同体意识

An important function of the general education course “Introduction to Marxist Atheism” is to dissolve the interference of theistic thought in college students’ forging of a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation, guiding them to uphold a correct view of Chinese history and strengthen their sense of community for the Chinese nation. This course can strengthen students’ understanding of the “Four Commonalities,”[4]4 The “Four Commonalities” (四个共同) refer to the common creation of China’s vast territory, long history, splendid culture, and great national spirit by all ethnic groups. guiding youth to rely on the methods of dialectical materialism and historical materialism in thinking, and to recognize that China’s history has always been jointly created by the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation, with no role whatsoever for supernatural ghosts or gods. China’s vast territory was jointly开拓ed by all ethnic groups; there was no supernatural “god” that led the Chinese people to settle on Chinese soil. The long history of the Chinese nation was jointly written by all ethnic groups, and in this historical process there is no room for ghosts or gods. Chinese culture was jointly created by all ethnic groups, with no participation of supernatural forces. The great spirit of the Chinese nation was jointly cultivated by all ethnic groups; the Chinese people do not need to mix illusory consciousness and concepts into the spiritual genealogy of the Chinese nation.

《马克思主义无神论概论》通识课程的一项重要功能是消解有神论思想对大学生铸牢中华民族共同体意识的干扰,引导他们坚持正确的中华民族历史观和强化中华民族共同体意识。该课程能够强化学生对“四个共同”的认识,引导青年依靠辩证唯物主义、历史唯物主义的方法思考问题,认识到中国的历史始终是中华儿女共同亲手缔造的,从来就没有超自然的鬼神起作用。中国辽阔的疆域是各族人民共同开拓的,并没有一个超自然的“神”引领中国人定居在中华大地;中华民族悠久的历史是各族人民共同书写的,在这个历史进程中不可能有鬼神的着墨;中华文化是各族人民共同创造的,其中没有超自然力的参与;伟大的中华民族精神是各族人民共同培育的,中国人不需要掺杂虚幻的意识观念进入中华民族精神谱系。

The atheism course can guide students to firmly establish the community concept of the “Four Shared Identities,”[5]5 The “Four Shared Identities” (四个与共) refer to the Chinese nation as a community sharing weal and woe, honor and disgrace, life and death, and destiny. emphasizing that “the Chinese nation is by no means an ‘imagined community,’ but a super-large-scale national community soaked in the tradition of more than five thousand years of Chinese civilization and bearing the mission of building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation.” The Chinese nation is a community that shares weal and woe, honor and disgrace, life and death, and destiny; it must be jointly safeguarded by all ethnic groups, and one should not entrust one’s own destiny to illusory ghosts or gods. The big family of the Chinese nation is a community of shared destiny where one prospers and all prosper, one suffers and all suffer; no ethnic group or individual receives special treatment due to being “blessed by ghosts or gods.” In contemporary China, only under the leadership of the Communist Party can the Chinese nation create brilliant achievements; theistic ideology should not be allowed to interfere with the historical process of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

无神论课程可以引导学生牢固树立“四个与共”的共同体理念,强调“中华民族绝不是,想象的共同体’,而是浸润了五千多年中华文明传统、承担着中华民族现代文明建设使命的超大规模民族共同体”。中华民族是休戚与共、荣辱与共、生死与共、命运与共的共同体,必须依靠各族人民共同维护,不应当把自身命运交托给虚无缥缈的鬼神;中华民族大家庭是一荣俱荣、一损俱损的命运共同体,没有哪个民族、哪个人会因受到“鬼神保佑”而得到特殊照顾;当代中国只有在共产党领导下中华民族才能创造辉煌成就,不应让有神论意识形态干预中华民族走向伟大复兴的历史进程。

The atheism course can strengthen college students’ grasp of the “Four Pairs of Relationships,”[6]6 The “Four Pairs of Relationships” (四对关系) refer to the relationships between commonality and difference, the consciousness of the Chinese nation community and the consciousness of individual ethnic groups, Chinese culture and the cultures of individual ethnic groups, and matter and spirit. supporting the promotion of ethnic unity, equality, and cultural integration. The course guides youth to recognize that religious belief should not become a factor that weakens the commonalities among ethnic groups and strengthens their differences; under the guidance of socialism with Chinese characteristics, it builds a bond for exchange, interaction, and integration among all ethnic groups, and in practice grasps the relationship between commonality and difference. Through atheism education, it continuously eliminates the influence of theism such as religion on youth of all ethnic groups, consolidates the Marxist faith of the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation, and guides students to grasp the relationship between the consciousness of the Chinese nation community and the consciousness of individual ethnic groups. It teaches the history of Chinese atheist thought and the development of theism from the overall perspective of Chinese civilization, guiding students to correctly grasp the relationship between Chinese culture and the cultures of individual ethnic groups. It adheres to the Marxist atheist viewpoint, establishes the basic Marxist principle that matter is primary, spirit is secondary, and spirit has a counter-effect on matter, and guides students to correctly grasp the relationship between matter and spirit.

无神论课程能够强化大学生对“四对关系”的把握,支持促进民族团结平等、文化交融。课程引导青年认识到宗教信仰不应当成为削弱各民族的共同性、强化差异性的因素,在中国特色社会主义的引导下搭建各民族交流交往交融的纽带,在实践中把握好共同性和差异性的关系;通过无神论教育持续消除宗教等有神论对各族青年的影响,巩固中华儿女的马克思主义信仰,引导学生把握中华民族共同体意识和各民族意识的关系;在中华文明整体视野下讲授中国无神论思想和有神论的发展史,引导学生正确把握中华文化和各民族文化的关系;坚持马克思主义无神论的观点,确立物质第一性、精神第二性且对物质有反作用的马克思主义基本原理,引导学生正确把握物质与精神的关系。

In summary, the teaching of the general education course “Introduction to Marxist Atheism” in colleges and universities can both strengthen college students’ Marxist ideals and convictions, consolidating the mainstream ideological status of Marxism in higher education, and guide college students to establish a correct view of religion and ethnicity, maintaining social harmony and ethnic unity, and continuously forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation.

综上,高校《马克思主义无神论概论》通识课程教学既能坚定大学生的马克思主义理想信念,巩固马克思主义在高校的主流意识形态地位;也能引导大学生树立正确的宗教观和民族观,维护社会和谐和民族团结,不断铸牢中华民族共同体意识。

II. General Education Elective Courses Are the Best Method for Classroom Teaching of Marxist Atheism in Colleges and Universities

二、通识选修课是高校马克思主义无神论课堂教学的最佳方式

To strengthen Marxist atheism education in colleges and universities and achieve the normalization and long-term effectiveness of atheism education for college students, offering the general education course “Introduction to Marxist Atheism” to undergraduate students is the best method. Based on the important position of Marxist atheism education in the Party’s ideological and political work, and the current curriculum system of ideological and political theory courses in colleges and universities, “Introduction to Marxist Atheism” should be set as an ideological and political general education elective course.

高校要加强马克思主义无神论教育、实现大学生无神论教育常态化长效化,面向本科生开设《马克思主义无神论概论》通识课程是最佳方式。基于马克思主义无神论教育在党的思想政治工作中的重要地位,以及高校思想政治理论课的课程体系设置现状,《马克思主义无神论概论》应当被设为思政类通识选修课。

(1) Offering a General Education Course Is the Best Method for Classroom Teaching of Marxist Atheism in Colleges and Universities

(一)开设通识课程是高校马克思主义无神论课堂教学的最佳方式

Currently, classroom teaching of Marxist atheism in colleges and universities mainly adopts three forms. The first is “integrated” teaching, where Marxist atheism is integrated into the classroom teaching of ideological and political theory courses and various specialized courses, using specific knowledge points in ideological and political courses and specialized courses as carriers to disseminate corresponding Marxist atheist ideas. The second is “thematic” teaching, where a thematic teaching unit on Marxist atheism is set up in specific chapters of ideological and political theory courses, specifically introducing the basic viewpoints of Marxist atheism. The third is specialized Marxist atheism course teaching, which systematically teaches the basic content and related knowledge of Marxist atheism by offering specialized atheism courses or general education courses. Among these, “integrated” and “thematic” teaching cannot fully propagate Marxist atheism; they can only be transitional methods or temporary strategies for carrying out Marxist atheism education in colleges and universities, rather than the best method for this work. “Integrated” teaching mainly relies on the instructor’s knowledge reserves of atheism and subjective initiative in imparting atheist knowledge, lacking stability and standardization. “Thematic” teaching has a small number of class hours; instructors can only briefly introduce the basic viewpoints of Marxist atheism, helping students form a basic understanding of Marxist atheism, but it is difficult to produce effective educational outcomes in atheism. Additionally, specialized atheism course teaching has a narrow coverage of students, generally limited to students majoring in Marxist theory or religious studies in colleges and universities, making it difficult to achieve the goal of propagating and educating the entire college student population about atheism.

当前高校马克思主义无神论课堂教学主要采取三种形式,一是“融入式”教学,即马克思主义无神论融入思想政治理论课和各类专业课的课堂教学,以具体的思政课和专业课知识点为载体传播与之相适应的马克思主义无神论思想;二是“专题式”教学,即在思想政治理论课特定章节中设置马克思主义无神论专题教学,专门介绍马克思主义无神论的基本观点;三是专门的马克思主义无神论课程教学,通过开设无神论专业课或者通识课程系统讲授马克思主义无神论的基本内容及其相关知识。其中,“融入式”和“专题式”教学不能完整宣传马克思主义无神论,只能是高校开展马克思主义无神论教育的过渡方式、临时策略,而不是此项工作的最佳方式。“融入式”教学主要依靠任课教师的无神论知识储备和传授无神论知识的主观能动性,缺乏稳定性和规范性;“专题式”教学的课时量少,任课教师只能简要介绍马克思主义无神论的基本观点,帮助学生形成马克思主义无神论的基本认知,却难以产生有效的无神论教育效果。另外,无神论专业课教学的学生覆盖面窄,一般仅限于高校的马克思主义理论专业或者宗教学专业开设此课程,难以达成对整个大学生群体进行无神论宣传教育的目标。

Only by offering a dedicated general education course “Introduction to Marxist Atheism” can colleges and universities achieve the normalization and long-term effectiveness of atheism education. In terms of educational content, the general education course explains in detail the basic content of Marxist atheism, critiques theism, analyzes important propositions such as “adhering to Marxist atheism is a major principle” and “Communist Party members cannot believe in religion,” introduces policies such as “separation of religion from education” and “freedom of religious belief,” and clarifies the basic qualities that Marxist atheists should possess. In terms of teaching effectiveness, through systematic propaganda and education on Marxist atheism for college students, this course can better guide college students to become Marxist atheists, establish a materialist scientific worldview, and thereby consolidate their Marxist ideals and convictions. In terms of educational implementation, the “Introduction to Marxist Atheism” course, as a general education course, is generally offered on a semester or academic year cycle, ensuring the normalization and continuity of Marxist atheism education.

高校只有开设专门的《马克思主义无神论概论》通识课程,才能实现无神论教育的常态化长效化。在教育内容方面,通识课程教学详细讲解马克思主义无神论的基本内容、批判有神论,分析“坚持马克思主义无神论是大原则”“共产党员不能信教”等重要命题,介绍“宗教与教育相分离”“宗教信仰自由”等方针政策,明确马克思主义无神论者具备的基本素质。在教学效果方面,该课程通过向大学生进行系统的马克思主义无神论宣传教育,能够更好地引导大学生成为马克思主义无神论者,树立唯物主义的科学世界观,进而巩固他们的马克思主义理想信念。在教育实施方面,作为通识课程的《马克思主义无神论概论》课程一般以学期或者学年为周期开设,能够保证马克思主义无神论教育的常态化和持续性。

(2) The Attribute of Marxist Atheism General Education Courses as Ideological and Political Theory Courses Must Be Clearly Defined

(二)必须明确马克思主义无神论通识课程的思想政治理论课属性

Marxist atheism belongs to scientific atheism, yet it also differs from and transcends other types of scientific atheism. It includes the negation of theism and lays a stable foundation for constructing a new worldview. It is an advanced form of scientific atheism, a truly scientific atheism, and in the strict sense should be called “Marxist scientific atheism.” The general education course “Introduction to Marxist Atheism” possesses distinct professional and political characteristics. However, the professionalism of the course serves the goal of consolidating university students’ Marxist ideals and convictions; this course is first and foremost a course in ideological and political theory.

马克思主义无神论既属于科学无神论,又区别和超越于其他类型的科学无神论,既包括对有神论的否定,还为建构新世界观奠定稳定的基础。它是科学无神论的高级形态、真正科学的无神论,在严格意义上应被称为“马克思主义的科学无神论”。《马克思主义无神论概论》通识课程具备鲜明的专业性和政治性,但是,课程的专业性服务于巩固大学生的马克思主义理想信念这个目标,该课程首先是一门思想政治理论课。

On the one hand, the atheism course is relatively strong in its professional content and can clearly explain the truth that “gods and ghosts do not exist.” This course thoroughly reveals to university students the essence of theism and the laws of its origin, development, and extinction, guiding contemporary youth to view the social role of theism comprehensively and scientifically, to analyze various theistic phenomena in a targeted manner, to correctly treat religious believers and non-believers, and to truly establish a Marxist atheist faith. On the other hand, the general education course on Marxist atheism possesses the attributes of an ideological and political theory course and can effectively consolidate university students’ Marxist ideals and convictions. Marxist atheist education is an important component of the Party’s ideological and political work and of education in Marxist ideals and convictions. In the real world, the struggle between the two ideologies of theism and atheism is unavoidable. If institutions of higher education do not carry out Marxist atheist education, it will be difficult for university students to deeply recognize the fallacies and harms of theism in terms of worldview, and the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological sphere of higher education may also be threatened. The general education course on Marxist atheism possesses relatively strong attributes of an ideological and political theory course and can effectively reduce the influence of theistic ideology in higher education, consolidating university students’ Marxist ideals and convictions.

一方面,无神论课程的专业性较强,能够讲清楚“鬼神不存在”的真理。该课程向大学生彻底揭示有神论的本质及其起源、发展、消亡的规律,引导当代青年全面、科学地看待有神论的社会作用、有针对性地分析各类有神论现象,正确对待信教群众与不信教群众,真正树立马克思主义无神论信仰。另一方面,马克思主义无神论通识课程具备思想政治理论课属性,能够有效巩固大学生的马克思主义理想信念。马克思主义无神论教育是党的思想政治工作、马克思主义理想信念教育的重要内容,在现实世界有神论与无神论两种意识形态的斗争不可回避,如果高校不开展马克思主义无神论教育,则大学生难以深刻认识到有神论在世界观上的谬误与危害,马克思主义在高校意识形态领域的指导地位也可能受到威胁。马克思主义无神论通识课程具备较强的思想政治理论课属性,能够有效降低有神论意识形态在高校的影响,巩固大学生的马克思主义理想信念。

(III) “Introduction to Marxist Atheism” Is Suitable as a General Education Elective Course

(三)《马克思主义无神论概论》适合设为一门通识选修课

Based on the current state of the curriculum system for ideological and political theory courses in higher education, the general education course on Marxist atheism is suitable as an ideological and political general education elective for undergraduate students, rather than a required course. At present, institutions of higher education in China have generally opened required ideological and political courses for all undergraduate students, such as “Ideology, Morality, and the Rule of Law,” “Introduction to Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era,” “Basic Principles of Marxism,” “Introduction to Mao Zedong Thought and the Theoretical System of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics,” “Outline of Modern Chinese History,” and “Situation and Policy,” as well as selectively required courses in the “Four Histories” [7]7 The “Four Histories” (四史) refers to the history of the Communist Party of China, the history of the People’s Republic of China, the history of reform and opening up, and the history of the development of socialism.. Some institutions have also opened a required course “Introduction to the Chinese National Community.” In the short term, it is difficult to add additional public required ideological and political courses. Therefore, at the current stage, “Introduction to Marxist Atheism” is suitable as a general education elective rather than a public required course.

依据高校开设思想政治理论课的课程体系现状,马克思主义无神论通识课程适合被设为本科生的思政类通识选修课,而不是必修课程。当前我国高校已经普遍面向全体本科学生开设了《思想道德与法治》《习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想概论》《马克思主义基本原理》《毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系概论》《中国近现代史纲要》《形势与政策》等必修思政课以及“四史”类选择性必修课,部分高校还开设《中华民族共同体概论》必修课,短期内难以额外开设其他公共必修思政课。因此,现阶段《马克思主义无神论概论》适合充当通识选修课而不是公共必修课。

As an ideological and political general education elective, “Introduction to Marxist Atheism” should be undertaken by the institution’s School of Marxism. In terms of ensuring teaching staff, the School of Marxism can fully mobilize teachers of ideological and political courses to participate in course construction and teaching activities, strengthen training in Marxist atheist education among these teachers, effectively solve the problem of insufficient teaching staff for the atheism course, and thus expand the reserve force for atheist education. In the process of demonstrating the establishment of the course, since it is a general education elective, its setup does not require revisions to the training plans of various specialized colleges, making it relatively easy to reduce the concerns and resistance of specialized colleges to offering an atheism course. Throughout the entire process of offering the course, the School of Marxism can ensure political oversight, guaranteeing that the atheism course consistently implements the positions, viewpoints, and methods of Marxist atheism, and making Marxist atheist education thorough and substantive.

《马克思主义无神论概论》作为一门思政类通识选修课,应当由高校的马克思主义学院承担开课任务。在师资力量保障方面,马克思主义学院可以充分调动思政课教师参与课程建设和教学活动,在思政课教师当中加强马克思主义无神论教育的培训,有效解决无神论课程教学的师资力量不足问题,从而扩充无神论教育的后备军。在设立课程的论证过程中,该课程作为通识选修课,其设置不需要涉及各专业学院培养方案的修订,可以比较容易减少专业学院对开设无神论课程的顾虑和阻力。在课程开设的全过程,马克思主义学院能够做好政治把关,确保无神论课程始终贯彻马克思主义无神论的立场、观点、方法,把马克思主义无神论教育做深做实。

It should be pointed out that although offering a dedicated general education elective “Introduction to Marxist Atheism” is the best way to conduct atheist classroom teaching, institutions of higher education still need to continue promoting “integrated” and “thematic” forms of atheist classroom teaching. Under the current circumstances where institutions cannot offer “Introduction to Marxist Atheism” as a public required course, these two teaching forms can both effectively ensure full coverage of Marxist atheist education in higher education and encourage students interested in Marxist atheism to actively enroll in the “Introduction to Marxist Atheism” general education course.

需要指出的是,尽管开设专门的《马克思主义无神论概论》通识选修课是无神论课堂教学的最佳方式,但是高校仍然有必要继续推进无神论的“融入式”和“专题式”课堂教学。在当前高校无法开设《马克思主义无神论概论》公共必修课的情况下,这两种教学形式既能有效确保高校马克思主义无神论教育全覆盖,也能促使对马克思主义无神论感兴趣的学生主动选修《马克思主义无神论概论》通识课程。

III. Implementation Pathways for Offering a General Education Course on Marxist Atheism in Institutions of Higher Education

三、高校开设马克思主义无神论通识课程的实施路径

In the process of constructing the general education course “Introduction to Marxist Atheism,” institutions of higher education must consistently adhere to the correct political direction, closely align with the course’s teaching objectives, rigorously produce teaching handouts, syllabi, and lesson plans, and guide instructors to conduct targeted Marxist atheist classroom teaching.

高校在建设《马克思主义无神论概论》通识课程的过程中,必须始终坚持正确的政治方向、紧扣课程的教学目标,严格制作教学讲义、教学大纲和教案,引导任课教师有针对性开展马克思主义无神论课堂教学。

(I) Organizing the Compilation of Teaching Handouts for the Course “Introduction to Marxist Atheism”

(一)组织编制《马克思主义无神论概论》课程教学讲义

Among existing academic works related to an introduction to Marxist atheism, the “Contemporary Atheism Course” (China Youth Publishing House, 2000) compiled by the Chinese Society for the Study of Atheism and the “Scientific Atheism Course” (Xinjiang Education Publishing House, 2002) edited by Professor Li Jiansheng of Xinjiang Normal University are two fairly good textbooks. However, these two textbooks have been published for over twenty years and need updating in terms of the expression of atheist concepts and propositions, the introduction of the Party’s religious policy, the targeting of theistic issues, and atheist practice. Therefore, they cannot be directly used as textbooks for the atheism course in higher education. Under the circumstances where academia has not yet published an authoritative textbook that can serve as the general education course “Introduction to Marxist Atheism,” the prerequisite for institutions to offer this course is to independently compile teaching handouts.

在学术界现有的马克思主义无神论概论相关著作中,由中国无神论学会编写的《当代无神论教程》(中国青年出版社,2000年)、新疆师范大学李建生教授主编的《科学无神论教程》(新疆教育出版社,2002年)是两本相当不错的教材。但是,这两本教材出版迄今已有二十多年,在无神论概念和命题的表述、对党的宗教政策的介绍、有神论问题的针对性、无神论实践等方面有待更新,因此不能直接用来作为高校无神论课程的教材。在学术界尚未出版一本可以充当《马克思主义无神论概论》通识课程的权威教材的情况下,高校开设该课程的先决条件就是要自主编制教学讲义。

There are two main options for institutions to compile handouts for “Introduction to Marxist Atheism.” The first is to organize internal and external atheist research teams to concentrate on tackling the task, drawing on existing outstanding academic achievements in Marxist atheist research to rewrite a set of handouts. The second is for the School of Marxism or the course team to strictly select one or more books related to an introduction to Marxist atheism as a script, editing and revising their content to create a reliable set of handouts. Considering factors such as the time cycle for compiling handouts, team organization, and research capabilities, the first option is relatively complex and difficult, while the second is relatively simple and highly operable. Institutions may also consider selecting the “Contemporary Atheism Course” or the “Scientific Atheism Course” as the script for the handouts, closely aligning with the teaching objectives of the atheism course, such as consolidating Marxist ideals and convictions and establishing a correct view of religion and ethnicity, accurately grasping the authoritative expositions of the Party and government on atheism and theism, comprehensively referencing the latest academic achievements in Marxist atheist research, and combining them with specific theistic issues that need to be addressed, to compile handouts for the course “Introduction to Marxist Atheism.”

高校编制《马克思主义无神论概论》讲义主要有两种方案可选,一是组织校内外的无神论研究团队集中攻关,在参考学术界现存的马克思主义无神论研究优秀成果的基础上,重新编写一份讲义;二是由马克思主义学院、课程组严格选取一本或多本马克思主义无神论概论相关的书籍作为脚本,编辑、修订其中内容成为一份可靠的讲义。综合考虑讲义编写的时间周期、团队组织、科研能力等各项因素,第一种方案比较复杂、难度高,第二种方案则相对简单、可操作性强。各高校也可以考虑选取《当代无神论教程》或《科学无神论教程》作为讲义的脚本,紧扣巩固马克思主义理想信念、树立正确的宗教观和民族观等无神论课程教学的目标,准确把握党和政府关于无神论、有神论的权威论述,全面参考最新的马克思主义无神论研究学术成果,并跟有待解决的具体有神论问题相结合,编制《马克思主义无神论概论》课程的讲义。

(II) Designing the Teaching Content of the Course “Introduction to Marxist Atheism”

(二)设计《马克思主义无神论概论》课程教学内容

To precisely and effectively promote the offering of the general education course “Introduction to Marxist Atheism,” institutions of higher education should ensure consistency in the content framework of the course handouts, syllabus, and lesson plans, designing teaching content from two major modules: theory and practice. It is recommended that the theoretical module of the course include two parts: “History of the Development of Atheism” and “Basic Content of Marxist Atheism,” and the practical module include two parts: “The Attitude and Policy of Communists Toward Religion” and “Marxists Adhering to and Practicing Marxist Atheism.”

高校为了精准有效推进开设《马克思主义无神论概论》通识课程,应当保证课程讲义、教学大纲和教案的内容框架具有一致性,从理论与实践两大模块设计教学内容。其中,建议课程的理论模块包括“无神论发展史”和“马克思主义无神论的基本内容”两个部分,实践模块包括“共产党人对待宗教的态度和政策”和“马克思主义者坚持和实践马克思主义无神论”两个部分。

Regarding the theoretical module of the general education course on Marxist atheism, the first part should outline the origins and development of atheism, presenting the advanced nature of atheism, especially Marxist atheism, from a diachronic perspective, while exposing the backwardness and fallacies of various forms of theism. This part should include an overview of the writings of Marxist classical authors on religion and atheism, the history of the development of atheism in China, the history of the development of atheism in the West, and the main course and theoretical achievements of the Sinicization of Marxist atheism, with the exposition of Marxist classical authors on religion and atheism as the key focus. The second part should provide a detailed introduction to the basic content of Marxist atheism, mainly including Marxist atheist discussions on the essence, origin and roots, development, extinction, and social role of religion.

关于马克思主义无神论通识课程的理论模块,第一部分要概述无神论形成和发展的源流,通过历时性的视角看待正面介绍无神论特别是马克思主义无神论的先进性,揭露各类有神论的落后与谬误。本部分应当包括关于马克思主义经典作家关于宗教与无神论的论述、中国无神论发展史、西方无神论发展史、马克思主义无神论中国化的主要历程与理论成果等内容的概述，其中以介绍马克思主义经典作家关于宗教和无神论的论述作为重点展开。第二部分要详细介绍马克思主义无神论的基本内容，主要包括马克思主义无神论关于宗教的本质、起源与根源、发展、消亡、社会作用等问题的论述。

Regarding the practical module of Marxist atheism, the first part should accurately teach the attitude and policies of Communists toward religion. On the one hand, it should accurately explain the basic attitude of Marxists toward theism and other forms of theism, clarifying important propositions such as “adhering to Marxist atheism is a major principle,” “Marxists are thorough materialists and atheists,” and “Communist Party members cannot believe in religion.” On the other hand, it should introduce the Party’s religious policies and religious work, especially content such as “the policy of freedom of religious belief” and “the principle of separation of education from religion.” The second part should explain how Marxists adhere to and practice Marxist atheism, unfolding around two aspects: “promoting the scientific spirit” and “practicing the propaganda and education of Marxist atheism,” guiding university students to become steadfast Marxist atheists.

关于马克思主义无神论的实践模块，第一部分要准确讲授共产党人对待宗教的态度和政策。一方面，要准确讲述马克思主义者对待宗教等有神论的基本态度，讲明白“坚持马克思主义无神论是大原则”“马克思主义者是彻底的唯物论者和无神论者”“共产党员不能信教”等重要命题。另一方面，介绍党的宗教政策和宗教工作，特别是“宗教信仰自由政策”和“教育与宗教相分离原则”等内容。第二部分要讲述马克思主义者如何坚持和实践马克思主义无神论，围绕“弘扬科学精神”和“实践马克思主义无神论宣传教育”两个方面予以展开，引导大学生成为一名坚定的马克思主义无神论者。

(III) Conducting Classroom Teaching of “Introduction to Marxist Atheism”

(三)开展《马克思主义无神论概论》课堂教学

In the process of conducting the teaching of the course “Introduction to Marxist Atheism,” in addition to systematically teaching the theory and practice of Marxist atheism, the instructor should also refer to the influence of theistic factors in the social and cultural background of the region where the university is located, selectively choosing the key content of the course for teaching, to ensure the practical effectiveness of the atheism course teaching. First, in regions less influenced by religion and other forms of theism, the university atheism course should address ultimate questions such as the meaning of life, the value of existence, and death, guiding university students to seek life goals within the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the lofty ideal of communism, continuously consolidating Marxist and communist beliefs. Second, in border ethnic regions heavily influenced by religion, the course should focus on criticizing religious extremism, clarifying the relationship between religion and ethnicity, and guiding university students to consciously struggle against religious extremism. Third, in other regions heavily influenced by religion, the course should systematically teach the critique of religion by Marxist classical authors in terms of theory, and in terms of social impact, explain the harm of illegal religions and the infiltration of foreign religions, guiding university students to consciously prevent and resist illegal religious activities and the infiltration of foreign religions. Fourth, in the southeastern coastal regions where folk beliefs have a significant influence, the course should clarify the difference between folk beliefs and feudal superstition, guiding university students to criticize the concept of ghosts and gods and promote the scientific spirit.

在开展《马克思主义无神论概论》课程教学的过程中，任课教师除了系统教授马克思主义无神论理论与实践内容，还有必要参考所在地区的社会文化背景中有神论因素的影响，有针对性地选择课程的重点内容开展教学，确保无神论课程教学的实际效果。一是在受宗教等有神论影响较小的地区，高校无神论课程要讲好人类的生活意义、存在价值和死亡等终极问题，引导大学生在中国特色社会主义共同理想和共产主义远大理想当中寻求人生目标，不断巩固马克思主义和共产主义信仰。二是在受宗教影响较大的边疆民族地区，课程要重点批判宗教极端主义，讲清楚宗教与民族的关系，引导大学生自觉同宗教极端主义作斗争。三是在其他受宗教影响较大的地区，课程要在理论方面系统讲授马克思主义经典作家关于宗教的批判，在社会影响方面说明非法宗教和境外宗教渗透的危害，引导大学生自觉防范和抵御非法宗教活动和境外宗教渗透活动。四是在民间信仰影响较大的东南沿海地区，课程要讲清楚民间信仰和封建迷信的区别，引导大学生批判鬼神观念、弘扬科学精神。

The instructor should pay special attention to handling the influence of the family’s theistic atmosphere on university students, to prevent them from receiving a relatively complete atheist education at school but then being influenced by theism when they return home. To achieve the goal of cutting off the intergenerational transmission of religion and its spread through kinship and community networks, the atheism course teaching must work on both theoretical and practical fronts. It must not only thoroughly explain the reasons why one should not believe in religion but also guide students to practice this in their daily lives, encouraging students to actively practice and promote the viewpoint of scientific atheism outside of school, fostering the construction of a home-school community for atheist education, and becoming thorough Marxist atheists.

任课教师要特别注重处理家庭的有神论氛围对大学生的影响，以免他们在学校接受了比较完整的无神论教育、回归家庭时却又受到有神论的影响。为了实现切断宗教的代际传播、亲友社群传播，无神论课程教学必须在理论和实践两个方面双管齐下，不仅要讲深讲透彻不应该信仰宗教的道理，还要引导大学生在实践中践行，倡导学生在校外积极践行和宣传科学无神论的观点，促进家校无神论教育的共同体建构，成为一名彻底的马克思主义无神论者。

(IV) Universities Comprehensively Ensuring Classroom Teaching Quality

(四)高校全方位保障课堂教学质量

As a course in ideological and political theory, the general education course “Introduction to Marxist Atheism” has the baseline requirement that no statements contrary to Marxist ideology may be made in the classroom. Because the atheism course inherently involves negating theism, the classroom inevitably includes discussions of theistic content. Universities must ensure that the classroom does not become a course that, under the banner of atheism, promotes religion or other theistic currents of thought. Therefore, the instructor should teach according to the established teaching calendar, ensuring that the teaching content aligns with the lecture notes and lesson plans, and strictly teach a general education course on Marxist atheism. To guarantee classroom quality, universities need to arrange for the college offering the course and teaching supervisors to continuously monitor the instructor’s teaching situation and students’ classroom performance. University-level and college-level teaching supervisors should pay close attention to the teaching situation of the course. If any inappropriate remarks by teachers or students occur in the classroom, they must promptly intervene and report to the college offering the course and the academic affairs office. The college offering the course and the instructor should take students’ evaluations of the course seriously, carefully assess the issues raised by students and areas needing improvement, and continuously improve the teaching quality of the course.

《马克思主义无神论概论》通识课程作为思想政治理论课，底线要求是不得在课堂上发表同马克思主义意识形态相违背的言论。由于无神论课程具备否定有神论的特性，课堂不可避免地包含讨论有神论内容，高校必须保证课堂不会成为一门打着无神论旗号的宣传宗教或者其他有神论思潮的课程。因此，任课教师要按照既定的教学日历授课，确保教学内容同讲义、教案相符合,严格讲好一门马克思主义无神论通识课程。为了保障课堂质量,高校需要安排开课学院、教学督导持续关注教师的授课情况和学生的课堂表现。校级和院级教学督导要重点关注课程的授课情况,一旦课堂出现师生发表不良言论的情况须及时前往制止,并通报开课学院和教务处。开课学院、任课教师要重视学生对课程的评价,认真评估学生对课程提出的问题和有待改进之处,持续改进课程的教学质量。

IV. Conclusion

四、结语

Offering the general education course “Introduction to Marxist Atheism” in universities is a measure to effectively strengthen the education of university students in Marxist atheism. This measure helps university students consolidate their Marxist ideals and beliefs and establish a scientific worldview, a correct view of religion, and a correct view of ethnicity. This course has a strong attribute of being an ideological and political theory course. Based on the current status of the curriculum system for ideological and political theory courses in Chinese universities, it is suitable to be set as a general education elective course in ideological and political theory for undergraduate students. Overall, the schools of Marxism in universities across the country basically possess the teaching resources to undertake the offering of “Introduction to Marxist Atheism.” Teams of ideological and political theory course teachers who have undergone training in Marxist atheist education can also undertake the main teaching tasks for this course. However, currently, there is no textbook for “Introduction to Marxist Atheism” in academia. Universities need to organize teaching and research teams on Marxist atheism to compile course lecture notes, laying the foundation for the smooth offering of this course. The promotion of general education course teaching on Marxist atheism in universities is not mutually exclusive with “integrated” or “thematic” teaching. “Integrated” and “thematic” teaching can achieve comprehensive coverage of Marxist atheist education for university students, helping all undergraduate students gain initial exposure to the knowledge of Marxist atheism. The general education course can provide systematic and complete education in Marxist atheism, helping young students interested in Marxist atheism to comprehensively grasp the knowledge of Marxist atheism and become thorough materialists and atheists.

高校开设《马克思主义无神论概论》通识课程是一项切实加强大学生马克思主义无神论教育的工作,此举有助于大学生巩固马克思主义理想信念、树立科学的世界观、正确的宗教观和民族观。该课程具备较强的思想政治理论课属性,根据我国高校思想政治理论课的课程体系建设现状,它适合被设置为一门面向本科生的思政类通识选修课。总体上来说,全国高校的马克思主义学院基本具备承担开设《马克思主义无神论概论》的教学资源,经过马克思主义无神论教育培训的思政课教师团队也能够承担该课程的主讲任务。但是,当前学术界并无《马克思主义无神论概论》教材,高校需要组织马克思主义无神论教学科研团队编写课程讲义,为顺利开设该课程奠定基础。高校推动开设马克思主义无神论通识课程教学跟“融入式”“专题式”教学之间并不排斥,“融入式”“专题式”教学可以实现大学生马克思主义无神论教育的全面覆盖,帮助全体本科生初步接触马克思主义无神论的知识;通识课程能够提供系统完整的马克思主义无神论教育,帮助对马克思主义无神论感兴趣的青年学生全面把握马克思主义无神论的知识,成为彻底的唯物论者和无神论者。

(Author’s biography: Chen Huiming, Associate Professor, School of Marxism (Institute of Philosophy), Xinjiang University)

（作者简介：陈慧明,新疆大学马克思主义学院(哲学研究所)副教授）

Online editor: Tongxin

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