Excerpts of Expert Views from the Tenth International Communist Movement Forum and the Launch Ceremony of the Foreign-Language Editions of the *Report on International Communist Movement*

On 30 July 2022, the Tenth International Communist Movement Forum and the Launch Ceremony of the Foreign-Language Editions of the *Report on International Communist Movement* were held in a hybrid online-offline format, with two venues in Beijing and Kunming. The conference was jointly hosted by the Academy of Marxism of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Yunnan University, and the Ideological Think Tank of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

2022年7月30日，第十届国际共产主义运动论坛暨《国际共产主义运动发展报告》（外文版）新书发布会以线上与线下相结合的形式召开，在北京和昆明设两个会场。本次会议由中国社会科学院马克思主义研究院、云南大学和中国社会科学院意识形态智库共同主办。

The conference began with the launch of the foreign-language editions of the *Report on International Communist Movement*, including the English and Italian editions of the *Report on International Communist Movement (2019–2020)* and the Vietnamese edition of the *Report on International Communist Movement (2020–2021)*. These are abridged translations based on the Chinese-language Yellow Book of the International Communist Movement published by the Social Sciences Academic Press (China), and were published respectively by 21st Century Marx Publishing House (Italy) and the Political Theory Publishing House (Vietnam). Taking this as an opportunity, the forum also invited over thirty experts and scholars from China and abroad to speak, engaging in discussions on new developments in the international communist movement and the publication status of the Yellow Book of the International Communist Movement. This article presents excerpts of the key points from the speeches of the experts at the conference as follows.

会议首先进行了《国际共产主义运动发展报告》（外文版）新书发布，包括《国际共产主义运动发展报告》（2019-2020年）英文版、意大利语版和《国际共产主义运动发展报告》（2020-2021年）越南语版。它们是在中国社会科学文献出版社已出版的国际共运黄皮书中文版的基础上经过精简、翻译而来，分别由意大利21世纪马克思出版社、越南政治理论出版社出版。以此为契机，本次论坛还邀请了国内外30余位专家学者发言，围绕国际共运发展新动态和国际共运黄皮书出版情况进行了研讨。本文对本次会议上各位专家发言要点进行摘编如下。

Some online participants

部分线上参会人员

Professor Lin Jianhua, Vice President of the Academy of Marxism of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, pointed out in his address that the Yellow Book of the International Communist Movement was first published in 2019 by the Social Sciences Academic Press. Three volumes have been issued so far, which have generated significant response and attention both domestically and internationally, received high praise from domestic peers, and become a flagship achievement of the Academy of Marxism of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. The overseas publication of the Yellow Book of the International Communist Movement helps to advance exchanges and communication between Chinese Marxist researchers and readers of languages including English, Italian, and Vietnamese, as well as theoretical circles in various countries, fostering consensus on the world pattern and new trends in the world socialist movement, and is conducive to promoting the development of Marxism in the twenty-first century and the revitalization of world socialism.

中国社会科学院马克思主义研究院副院长林建华教授在致辞中指出，国际共运黄皮书2019年由社会科学院文献出版社出版，已经出版了三册，已在国内外引起了很大反响和关注，得到国内同行的高度赞赏，成为中国社会科学马克思主义研究院的一个品牌成果。国际共运黄皮书在国外的出版，有助于推进中国的马克思主义研究者与包括英语、意大利语、越南语等语种读者和各国理论界的交流、沟通，就世界格局与世界社会主义运动的新动向形成共识，有利于推进21世纪马克思主义的发展和世界社会主义的振兴。

Vice President Lin Jianhua delivering his address

林建华副院长致辞中

Regarding the historical process and contemporary direction of world socialist development, Lin Jianhua pointed out that, on a global scale, socialism has successively undergone a process of development from utopia to science, from theory to practice, from one country to many countries, and from setbacks to revitalization. This reflects the historical process of world socialist development, reveals its essence, and indicates its direction. The founding of parties, the seizure of power, and the construction of socialism are the three movements of the international communist movement. Amid changes in the world, the governance of China and the chaos of the West form a stark contrast. With the continuous advancement and deepening of reform, moving toward revitalization or re-revitalization has become a distinctive feature and realistic trend of socialism. For this reason, we must establish a historical perspective: “Only in the long river of the entire development of human history can we see through the essence of historical movements and the direction of the times.” [1]1 The "three-stage argument" refers to a historical framework in Marxist theory that typically divides the development of socialism and modern civilization into three stages: the rise of utopian socialism, the establishment of scientific socialism by Marx and Engels, and the subsequent practice of socialism in various countries, including China.

关于世界社会主义发展的历史进程与当代走向，林建华指出，从世界范围来看，社会主义先后经历了从空想走向科学、从理论走向实践、从一国走向多国、从曲折走向振兴的发展过程，体现了世界社会主义发展的历史进程，反映出世界社会主义发展的本质，昭示着世界社会主义发展的方向。建党、夺权、建设是国际共产主义运动演绎的三部曲。在世界之变中，中国之治与西方之乱形成了鲜明的对比。在改革不断推进和深化中，走向振兴或走向重新振兴，成为社会主义的鲜明特征和现实态势。为此，我们要树立历史观，“只有在整个人类发展的历史长河中，才能透视出历史运动的本质和时代发展的方向。”

Deputy Secretary Duan Hongyun delivering his address

段红云副书记致辞中

Professor Duan Hongyun, Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee of Yunnan University, pointed out in his address that under the superimposed impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and changes unseen in a century, the world has entered a period of turbulence and transformation. Socialist countries such as China and Vietnam have effectively controlled the pandemic and achieved economic growth, demonstrating the superiority of the socialist system and enriching the theory and practice of the international communist movement. At the same time, Western countries have experienced rampant pandemics, frequent social movements, widening gaps between rich and poor, and more prominent social inequality, exposing the various ills of the capitalist system. The trend of “the East rising and the West declining” in the international landscape has become more pronounced. Amid changes unseen in a century, the international communist movement faces both opportunities and challenges. The convening of this forum helps us deepen our understanding of the historical mission of the Communist Party of China on the new journey of the New Era, deeply study and research Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, explore the contributions and significance of the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics to world socialist development, and continuously track and study the latest developments in the contemporary international communist movement. It helps build consensus and promote the international communist movement toward a thriving situation.

云南大学党委副书记段红云教授在致辞中指出，在新冠肺炎疫情和百年未有之大变局叠加影响下，世界进入动荡变革期。中国、越南等社会主义国家有效地管控疫情并实现经济增长，彰显了社会主义制度的优越性，也丰富了国际共产主义运动的理论与实践。与此同时，西方各国疫情泛滥，社会运动频发，贫富分化差距拉大，社会不平等问题更加突出，暴露了资本主义制度的种种弊端。国际格局“东升西降”趋势更加明显。在百年未有之大变局中，国际共产主义运动机遇与挑战并存。此次论坛的召开，有助于我们深化对中国共产党在新时代、新征程所肩负历史使命的认识，深入学习和研究习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想，探讨中国特色社会主义道路、理论、制度、文化对世界社会主义发展的贡献和意义，持续跟踪研究当代国际共产主义运动的最新发展态势。凝聚共识，推动国际共产主义运动朝着蓬勃发展的局面不断迈进。

Professor Nguyen Minh Hoan, Director of the Department of Philosophy at the Academy of Journalism and Communication of the Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics, and Andrea Catone, Editor-in-Chief of the Italian journal *Marx XXI*, as representatives of the foreign-language publishers, each gave explanations on the publication status of the foreign-language editions of the *Report on International Communist Movement*.

越共中央党校新闻宣传学院哲学系主任阮明环教授和意大利《二十一世纪马克思》杂志主编安德烈·卡托内作为外文出版方代表，分别就《国际共产主义运动发展报告》（外文版）的出版情况做了说明。

Director Nguyen Minh Hoan delivering his address

阮明环主任致辞

Professor Nguyen Minh Hoan, Director of the Department of Philosophy at the Academy of Journalism and Communication of the Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics, fully affirmed the significance of the publication of the foreign-language editions of the *Report on International Communist Movement*. He pointed out that during the translation and publication process of this book, he further realized the necessity of applying the basic principles of Marxism-Leninism to study the development of the international communist movement, and further clarified the role of the international communist movement in today’s world and the relationship between the international communist movement and future world development. He emphasized that, sharing the same aspirations and the same path, as a member of the Communist Party of Vietnam, as an overseas friend of the Communist Party of China, and as a close comrade fighting together for the great communist cause of humanity, he sincerely wishes that the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, initiated by the Communist Party of China uniting and leading the Chinese people, will become increasingly prosperous, and firmly believes that this great cause will inevitably become increasingly prosperous. Socialism is bound to be the future of humanity.

越共中央党校新闻宣传学院哲学系主任阮明环教授充分肯定了《国际共产主义运动发展报告》外文版发行的重要意义。他指出，在本书的翻译出版过程中，他进一步体会到运用马列主义基本原理来研究国际共产主义运动发展的必要性，进一步明确了国际共产主义对当今世界的作用以及国际共产主义运动与未来世界发展之间的关系。他强调，志相同道相合，作为一名越南共产党员，作为中国共产党的海外之友，作为一名为了人类伟大的共产主义事业战斗在一起的紧密同志，衷心祝愿中国共产党团结带领中国人民开创的中国特色社会主义伟业能够越来越兴旺，并坚信这一伟大事业也必将越来越兴旺。社会主义必定是人类的未来。

Professor Andrea Catone delivering his address

安德烈·卡托内教授致辞

In his speech, Andrea Catone, Editor-in-Chief of the Italian journal *Marx XXI*, pointed out that the foreign-language editions of the *Report on International Communist Movement* are a very important tool. For all communists, it provides us with an opportunity to increase our knowledge, letting us know that every communist is part of the world communist movement. In his speech, he also compared the advantages and disadvantages of two diametrically opposed paths—unilateralism and multilateralism; analyzed the current situation and essence of the Russia-Ukraine war; affirmed the important practical significance of a community with a shared future for mankind, advocated by General Secretary Xi Jinping on multiple occasions both domestically and

意大利《二十一世纪马克思》杂志主编安德烈·卡托内在发言中指出，《国际共产主义运动发展报告》外文版是一个很重要的工具，对于所有的共产党人来说，它给我们提供了增加知识的机会，让我们知道每一个共产党员都是世界共产主义运动的一部分。在发言中，他还借助对单边主义和多边主义这两条截然相反的道路优劣的比较；分析了俄乌战争的现状及实质；肯定了习近平总书记多次在国内外不同场合所倡导的人类命运共同体的重要现实意义；阐明了全世界共产主义者在推动世界走向进步的道路上所肩负着重要责任；表达了对加强国际共产主义研究和世界无产阶级合作的强烈愿望。

After the address, experts and scholars from China, Italy, Vietnam, and Laos conducted in-depth discussions and exchanges on topics such as "new trends in the development of the international communist movement," "the influence and contribution of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a New Era on world socialism," "new progress in the theory and practice of foreign communist parties in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic," and "the characteristics of the relationship between the two systems and the development trends of the international landscape."

致辞结束后，来自中国、意大利、越南、老挝的专家学者并分别就“国际共产主义运动发展新态势、新时代中国特色社会主义对世界社会主义的影响和贡献、新冠肺炎疫情背景下国外共产党理论与实践的新进展、两制关系与国际格局发展态势特征”等议题进行了深入研讨和交流。

Speech by Professor Hu Zhenliang

胡振良教授发言

Professor Hu Zhenliang from the Department of Scientific Socialism at the Party School of the Central Committee of the CPC (National Academy of Governance) delivered an insightful speech titled "The International Communist Movement, the Development of Modern Civilization, and the Communist Party of China: A Study of the Theory of Socialist Modernization with Chinese Characteristics." He pointed out that "the international communist movement, the development of modern civilization, and the Communist Party of China" have an intrinsic and close relationship. From a historical and logical perspective, one must discuss the historical "three-stage argument" of "Socialism and the Development of Modern Civilization"; from the perspective of development and reality, one must address the essence of "modernization: the scientific connotation of 21st-century scientific socialism"; theoretically, one must elaborate on the rich connotations of the modernization of scientific socialism, deeply study socialism with Chinese characteristics for a New Era, and innovatively research the theory of socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics and its significance. The theory of socialist modernization with Chinese characteristics for a New Era is a new development of scientific socialism. It answers the fundamental tasks of what kind of modernized country to build and how to build it through its rich connotations of modernization. It is a new development in the modernization of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the fundamental guideline for building a modern socialist country, which needs to be continuously enriched and developed in practice.

中共中央党校（国家行政学院）科社部胡振良教授以《国际共运、现代文明发展与中国共产党——中国特色社会主义现代化理论研究》为题做了精彩发言。他指出，“国际共运、现代文明发展与中国共产党”三者有着内在、紧密的关系。从历史与逻辑上，要讲《社会主义与现代文明发展》的历史“三段论”；从发展与现实上，要论“现代化：21世纪科学社会主义科学内涵”的要义：从理论上，要讲科学社会主义之现代化的丰富内涵，要深入学习新时代中国特色社会主义，创新研究中国特色社会主义现代化理论及其意义。新时代中国特色社会主义现代化理论是科学社会主义的新发展，它用丰富的现代化内涵回答了建设什么样的现代化国家和怎样建设现代化国家的基本任务，是中国特色社会主义现代化发展的新发展，也是建成社会主义现代化国家的根本遵循,需要在实践中不断丰富和发展。

Speech by Dean Luo Qian

罗骞院长发言

Professor Luo Qian, Dean of the School of Marxism at Yunnan University, delivered an insightful speech titled "Several Issues Requiring Attention in the Study of the International Communist Movement." He emphasized that in the current study of the international communist movement, close attention must be paid to five aspects: first, the interrelationship between theory and practice within the communist movement; second, the interrelationship between revolutionary theory and social construction theory within communist theory; third, whether communism is regarded as an end or a process, and the phenomenon of a split between ends and processes emerging in the international communist movement of the twenty-first century; fourth, how to understand communism, particularly how to handle the relationship between organization, tightness, and individual spontaneity and freedom; fifth, how to correctly view the relationships among socialism, communism, and capitalism.

云南大学马克思主义学院院长罗骞教授以《国际共产主义运动研究需要关注的几个问题》为题做了精彩发言。他强调在当今国际共产主义运动研究当中，要密切关注五个方面的问题：第一，关注共产主义运动当中理论与实践的相互关系；第二，关注共产主义理论当中革命理论和社会建设理论的相互关系问题；第三，共产主义究竟是作为一种目的还是作为一种过程，在21世纪的国际共产主义运动中，呈现出一种目的与过程分裂的现象；第四，如何理解共产主义，特别是该如何来处理组织性、紧密性与个体的自发性、自由性之间的关系这一问题；第五，如何正确看待社会主义、共产主义和资本主义之间的关系问题。

Speech by Francesco Maringiò

弗朗切斯科·马林乔发言

Francesco Maringiò, President of the Marx 21st Century Political Culture Association of Italy, used a wealth of case studies to introduce participants to the current situation and trends of the European communist left and European social politics. He pointed out, first, that movements to ban communist symbols and organizations have emerged in Europe; second, that the European left-wing alliance finds it difficult to achieve effective political consultation, in contrast to other party group alliances at the EU level; third, that within the European Parliament, the European left-wing alliance itself is divided, and some communists have even been marginalized; fourth, that the birth of the European Left Party has intensified internal contradictions within the European left-wing alliance, causing party organizations such as the Communist Party of Greece, which adheres to Leninism as its guiding ideology, to break away from the alliance; fifth, that there are also other forms of coordination between European communist parties and other radical leftists, and due to their similar ideologies, multiple left-wing party groups have formed within the European Parliament. However, what is more important for communists is to establish their own roots, politics, and credibility at the national level, and to commit to strengthening bilateral relations between parties, as well as unified multilateral initiatives that do not harm the autonomy and independence of each organization. Sixth, due to serious internal divisions within the European left-wing alliance, it is difficult to form a strong influence at the international level.

意大利二十一世纪马克思政治文化协会主席弗朗切斯科·马林乔结合丰富的案例，向与会者介绍了欧洲共产党左翼、欧洲社会政治的现状和走向。他指出，第一，在欧洲出现了取缔共产主义符号和组织的有关运动；第二，欧洲左翼联盟难以达成有效的政治协商，欧盟层面上与其他党团联盟形成对比；第三，在欧洲议会内部，欧洲左翼联盟本身就存在分裂，甚至有些共产党人被边缘化；第四，欧洲左翼党的诞生，激化了欧洲左翼联盟联内部矛盾，致使以坚持列宁主义为指导思想的希腊共产党等政党组织脱离联盟；第五点，欧洲共产党和其他激进左翼之间也存在其他形式的协调，因彼此的意识形态相近，在欧洲议会范围内，形成了多个左翼党团。但对共产党人更为重要的是，在国家层面上建立自己的根基、政治和信誉，而且需要致力于加强各方之间的双边关系，以及不损害各个组织的自主性和独立性统一多边的举措。第六，因欧洲左翼联盟内部分歧严重，在国际层面上难以形成强大的影响力。

Speech by Researcher Chai Shangjin

柴尚金研究员发言

Researcher Chai Shangjin from the Contemporary World Research Center of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee delivered an insightful speech titled "Some Views on the Rise of Left-Wing Populist Parties." He argued that, first, populism is a complex political phenomenon: conceptually, populism is defined in opposition to elitism, lacks specific content, and thus cannot form a unified understanding conceptually. In terms of its causes, from the late nineteenth century to the present, whenever society encounters significant development difficulties, crises, or re-transformations, populism rises accordingly, becoming a social trend and movement of considerable scale and influence. Second, since the 2008 international financial crisis, Western populist trends have merged and fused with extremist parties, intensifying the trend toward populism in Western politics and having a profound impact on Western politics. Moreover, in the struggle against capitalism, Europe's extreme left and traditional left-wing communist parties have formed a left-wing united front, deeply criticizing neoliberal theories and policy propositions, strongly attacking government austerity policies, and striving to find left-wing alternatives. Third, entering the new century, national socialism has shown characteristics of the nationalization of socialism, with various socialist trends and practical models constantly emerging. National socialism in developing countries is inevitably influenced by populism. Developing countries are exploring the stage-based and diversified nature of socialism under new circumstances. Fourth, Western anti-capitalist globalization movements and some emerging social movements have a certain populist color. Fifth, for China, it is necessary to be vigilant against the malicious exploitation of extreme left-wing populism that prioritizes morality and harbors hatred for officials and the rich, which could disrupt normal democracy and the rule of law and trigger social unrest.

中共中央对外联络部当代世界研究中心柴尚金研究员以《对左翼民粹主义政党崛起的几点看法》为题做了精彩发言。他认为，首先，民粹主义是一种复杂的政治现象：从概念看，民粹主义（populism）是相对于精英主义而言的，它没有特定内涵，因而在概念上无法形成统一认知。从产生的原因看，从十九世纪后期至今，每逢社会遇到明显发展困境、危机或再转型，民粹主义便会随之而起，成为具有较大规模和影响的社会思潮和运动。其次，2008年国际金融危机以来，西方民粹主义思潮与极端政党融合聚变，加剧了西方政治民粹化倾向，给西方政治带来深远影响。不仅如此，在反资本主义的斗争中，欧洲极端左翼和传统左翼共产党结成左翼联合阵线，深入批判新自由主义理论及政策主张，强烈抨击政府推行的紧缩政策，努力寻找左翼替代方案。第三，进入新世纪，民族社会主义呈现出像社会主义民族化的特点，各种社会主义思潮和实践模式不断涌现，发展中国家的民族社会主义不可避免地受民粹主义影响。发展中国家在新形势下探索社会主义的阶段性和多元化。第四，西方反资本主义全球化运动和一些新兴社会运动具有某种民粹主义色彩。第五，对中国而言，要警惕道德先行、仇官仇富的极左翼民粹主义被恶意利用，冲击正常民主与法制，引发社会动乱。

Speech by Professor Guo Qiang

郭强教授发言

Professor Guo Qiang, Deputy Director of the Department of Scientific Socialism Teaching and Research at the Party School of the CPC Central Committee (National Academy of Governance) and President of the World Socialism Professional Committee of the Chinese Society of Scientific Socialism, delivered an insightful speech titled "Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era Promotes a New Leap of World Socialism from the Periphery to the Center." He pointed out that in the history of socialist development, we have experienced three recognized leaps: from utopia to science, from theory to reality, and from one country to many countries. So what is the subsequent leap? He argued that after the Sixth Plenary Session [n2], socialism with Chinese characteristics for a New Era has promoted a new leap of socialism from the periphery to the center. At the level of productive forces, the proportion and actual influence of socialist countries' productive forces in the world economy have greatly increased; at the level of the path, China, as the world's largest socialist country and developing country, has provided a new choice for those countries and nations that wish to accelerate development while maintaining their independence through the Chinese-path modernization, contributing Chinese wisdom, Chinese solutions, and Chinese strength to building a better world. At the level of values, whether in developed capitalist countries or developing countries, socialist concepts and policies are increasingly recognized by more people. Even in the United States, more than half of young people identify with socialism. Facts show that, driven by socialism with Chinese characteristics for a New Era, world socialism has completely emerged from its low ebb. The historical evolution and contestation between the two ideologies and two social systems of socialism and capitalism on a world scale have undergone a major shift favorable to socialism. Socialism is striding confidently toward the center of the world stage.

中共中央党校（国家行政学院）科社教研部副主任、中国科社学会世界社会主义专业委员会会长郭强教授以《新时代中国特色社会主义推动世界社会主义迎来了从边缘到中央的新飞跃》为题做了精彩发言。他指出，在社会主义发展史上我们经历了公认的三次飞跃，从空想到科学，从理论到现实，一国到多国。那么随后的飞跃是什么？他认为，六中全会以后新时代中国特色社会主义推动社会主义迎来了从边缘到中央的新飞跃。在生产力层面，社会主义国家的生产力在世界经济中的比重和实际影响力大幅提升；在道路层面，中国作为世界上最大的社会主义国家和发展中国家，以中国式现代化道路给世界上那些既希望加快发展又希望保持自身独立性的国家和民族提供了全新选择，为建设美好世界贡献了中国智慧、中国方案、中国力量。在价值层面，无论在发达资本主义国家还是发展中国家，社会主义观念和政策越来越被更多人认同，就连美国也有超过一半的年轻人认同社会主义。事实表明，在新时代中国特色社会主义的推动下，世界社会主义已经彻底走出低潮，世界范围内社会主义和资本主义两种意识形态、两种社会制度的历史演进及其较量发生了有利于社会主义的重大转变，社会主义正昂首阔步走向世界舞台中央。

Speech by Researcher Tang Haijun

唐海军研究员发言

Tang Haijun, First-Level Inspector of the Research Office of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee, delivered an insightful speech titled "The Fragmentation of Foreign Political Party Evolution." He first elucidated four characteristics of the fragmentation of foreign political parties: a sharp increase in the number of political parties and accelerated party turnover; an increase in the number of parties entering parliament and dramatic changes in the party landscape; emerging parties rewriting and reshaping the political map of their countries; and the splitting and decline of some traditional major parties. He then revealed four consequences of party fragmentation: increased difficulty in forming governments and damage to government reputation; increased policy volatility and decreased regime stability; the displacement or absence of dominant political forces; and the rising capacity of small parties to disrupt. Finally, he analyzed the causes of party fragmentation from four aspects: the "opening of the floodgates" of Western democracy, the evolution of electoral politics, the lagging or ineffective reform of political systems, and the fueling role of foreign media. He argued that the fragmentation of political parties in many countries today indicates that the evolution of the Western-style party system has gone astray, deviating from the original intentions of the party system and party political game system established hundreds of years ago, ultimately leading to a series of negative phenomena. The instability and partial failure of Western democracy also signify that Western soft power has suffered losses in this process. In the future process of political and social transformation, the reform and adjustment of political parties themselves are thus placed on the agenda.

中共中央对外联络部研究室一级巡视员唐海军以《国外政党演进碎片化》为题做了精彩发言。他首先阐明了国外政党碎片化的四个特点，即政党数量急剧增加，政党更迭加快；进入议会政党增多，政党格局巨变；新兴政党改写和重塑本国政治版图；部分传统大党分裂而式微。随后揭示了政党碎片化所导致的四个后果：组阁难度加大，政府声誉受损；政策波动性增大，政权稳定度下降；政坛主导性力量换位或缺席；小党搅局能量上升。最后从四个方面分析了政党碎片化的原因，即：西方民主的“开闸放水”、选举政治的演变助推、政治体制的改革迟滞或不力、国外媒体的推波助澜。他提出，当今许多国家政党碎片化，表明西式政党制度演进走偏，偏离了他原来在几百年前对政党制度、政党政治游戏的制度的初衷，最终导致了现在一系列负面现象。西方民主的不稳定和部分失灵，也标志着西方的软实力在这样一个过程当中受到损失。在未来的政治、社会转型过程当中，政党自身的改革调整也由此提上日程。

Speech by Professor Cui Guitian

崔桂田教授发言

Professor Cui Guitian, Editor-in-Chief of the journal *Issues of Contemporary World Socialism* and a member of the Institute of Contemporary Socialism at Shandong University, delivered an insightful speech titled "The Profound Influence of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics on World Socialism." He pointed out that socialism with Chinese characteristics is not only the inevitable path for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and for Chinese modernization, but also the inevitable path for the great rejuvenation of world socialism and for the revitalization and vitality of Marxist scientific socialism. He then elaborated on the profound influence of socialism with Chinese characteristics on world socialism from three aspects. First, socialism with Chinese characteristics profoundly influences the internal logic and determinacy of world socialism. Second, the profound influence of socialism with Chinese characteristics on world socialism is mainly reflected in innovating the "three major forms" and changing the "two major configurations." The so-called "three major forms" are: socialism with Chinese characteristics is the latest form of scientific socialism; the new path of Chinese-path modernization is a new form of human civilization; and the people's politics of the Communist Party of China is a new form of political party civilization. The so-called changing the "two major configurations" means: it has changed the configuration of world socialist development, with the center of the international communist movement shifting eastward and China becoming the mainstay of world socialism; socialism with Chinese characteristics has changed the configuration of relations between the "two systems" [3]3 The "two systems" refers to the socialist system and the capitalist system., with the East rising and the West declining as a new trend. Third, the influence of socialism with Chinese characteristics on world socialism also faces a series of new challenges.

《当代世界社会主义问题》杂志主编、山东大学当代社会主义研究所崔桂田教授以《中国特色社会主义对世界社会主义的深刻影响》为题做了精彩发言。他指出，中国特色社会主义不仅是中华民族伟大复兴的必由之路和中国现代化的必由之路，也是世界社会主义伟大复兴，马克思主义科学社会主义焕发生机和活力的必由之路。随后他从三个方面阐发了中国特色社会主义对世界社会主义的深刻影响。第一，中国特色社会主义深刻影响世界社会主义的内在逻辑和规定性；第二，中国特色社会主义对世界社会主义的深刻影响主要体现在创新“三大形态”和改变“两大格局”。所谓“三大形态”，即中国特色社会主义是科学社会主义的最新形态、中国式现代化新道路是人类文明新形态、中国共产党的人民政治是世界政党文明新形态。所谓改变“两大格局”，即改变了世界社会主义发展格局，国际共产主义运动中心东移，中国成为世界社会主义的中流砥柱；中国特色社会主义改变了世界“两制”关系格局，东升西降是新态势。第三，中国特色社会主义影响世界社会主义也面临着一系列新挑战。

Speech by Nguyen Thi Thu Huong

阮氏秋红发言

Nguyen Thi Thu Huong, Deputy Director of the International Cooperation Department of the Journalism and Communication Academy at the Central Propaganda and Training Commission of the Communist Party of Vietnam, delivered an insightful speech titled "The Communist Party of Vietnam's Understanding of Socialist Democracy since the Reform (Đổi Mới)." Combining the achievements Vietnam has made in advancing the practice of socialist democracy, she introduced to the participants the Communist Party of Vietnam's understanding of socialist democracy since the Reform. She pointed out that democracy is the essence of the socialist system, the goal of socialist construction, and also its driving force. Building a socialist democratic political system and ensuring that power truly belongs to the people is an important and long-term task of the Vietnamese revolution. The development of socialist democratic politics is one of the important theoretical achievements of the Communist Party of Vietnam, making significant contributions to the formation and development of the Party's reform line, helping to achieve the goal of "a prosperous people, a strong country, democracy, fairness, and civilization," meeting the aspirations of the people, and conforming to Vietnam's objective laws and practice.

越共中央党校新闻宣传学院国际合作处副处长阮氏秋红（Nguyen Thi Thu Huong）以《革新以来越南共产党对社会主义民主的认识》为题做了精彩发言。她结合越南在推进社会主义民主实践中所取得的一些成果，向与会者介绍了革新以来越南共产党对社会主义民主的认识。她指出，民主是社会主义制度的本质，是社会主义建设的目标，也是动力。建设社会主义民主政治，确保权力真正属于人民，是越南革命的一项重要而长期的任务。社会主义民主政治发展是越南共产党的重要理论成果之一，为党的革新路线的形成和发展做出了重要贡献，有助于实现“民富、国强、民主、公平、文明”的目标，满足人民的愿望，符合越南的客观规律和实践。

Speech by Souphavady Lakansay

苏帕娃迪·拉坎赛发言

Souphavady Lakansay, Deputy Director of the Public Administration Teaching and Research Department at the National Institute of Politics and Public Administration of Laos, delivered an insightful speech titled "Building a Law-Based State under the Leadership of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party." He stated that under the leadership of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, Laos has carried out innovative explorations in building a law-based state and achieved significant accomplishments. Especially after the Lao People's Revolutionary Party convened its Ninth National Congress, a series of results have been achieved in building a law-based state in Laos: First, the Party focuses on the legislature as the representative body of the people's rights, gradually improving and strengthening the legislature's role in formulating and perfecting laws. Second, the Party and government lead the improvement and strengthening of the government administrative management system, managing the state in accordance with strict laws and regulations. The focus is on researching and improving the organizational structure of central and local administrative agencies to suit the national conditions. Third, the Party leads the improvement of the judiciary as the adjudication and sentencing body, focusing on perfecting the organizational work of people's courts at all levels, and undertaking the training of responsible Party members, judges, and staff who are loyal to the Party, the state, and the people.

老挝国家政治行政学院公共管理教研部副主任苏帕娃迪·拉坎赛以《老挝人民革命党领导下的法治国家建设》为题作了精彩发言。他提出，在老挝人民革命党的领导下，老挝在依法治国建设中进行了创新性探索并取得了重大成就。特别是在老挝人民革命党召开第九届全国代表大会之后，老挝依法治国建设取得了一系列成果：第一，党注重立法机关作为人民权利的代表机关，逐步完善与加强立法机关在制定和完善法律方面的作用。第二，党政府领导完善加强政府行政管理体系，按照严格的法律法规管理国家。重点研究和改进中央和地方各级行政机关机构，符合国家情况。第三，党的领导完善司法机关作为裁决和判决机构，注重完善各级人民法院的组织工作，承担培养负责人的党员、法官和工作人员，忠于党、国家和人民。

Speech by Researcher Xu Shicheng

徐世澄研究员发言

Researcher Xu Shicheng, an honorary academic division member of the Institute of Latin American Studies at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, delivered an insightful speech titled "Similarities and Differences between the New Wave of Leftist Return in Latin America and the Previous 'Pink Tide'." He argued that the similarities between the new wave of leftist return in Latin America and the previous pink tide lie in the fact that both belong to the left or center-left. Domestically, they advocate strengthening state intervention in the economy, developing the national economy, and improving people's livelihoods; in foreign policy, they have a certain degree of independence, have various contradictions with the United States, show centrifugal tendencies, advocate for Latin American unity and regional integration, and develop friendly and cooperative relations with China. Their differences are manifested in seven aspects: First, the international economic and political environment faced by the new wave of leftist governments is much more difficult than that of the previous wave. Second, most of the new wave of leftist governments belong to the moderate left, and their positions differ from those of the first wave of leftist or radical leftist governments in Cuba and Venezuela. Third, they are de-ideologized. Fourth, they are pragmatized. Fifth, moderate leftist governments and political parties often criticize radical leftist governments and parties. Sixth, the representative organization of the Latin American radical left is the Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America, abbreviated as ALBA. Seventh, the ruling positions of some moderate leftist governments are not consolidated. Based on this, he emphasized that this second wave of so many leftist governments in Latin America should play a positive role in the development of our relations between China and Latin America.

中国社会科学院拉美研究所荣誉学部委员徐世澄研究员以《拉美新一轮左翼回归同上一轮“粉红色浪潮”的异同》为题作了精彩发言。他认为，拉美新一轮左翼的回归同上一轮粉红色浪潮相同之处在于二者都属于左翼或中左翼。对内，主张加强国家对经济的干预，发展民族经济，改善民生；在外交方面有一定的独立性，与美国有这样或那样的矛盾，有离心倾向，主张拉美国家团结和推动地区一体化，与中国发展友好合作关系。它们的不同之处表现在七个方面：一是新一轮的左翼政府所处的国际经济和政治环境与上一轮相比要困难得多；二是新一轮的左翼政府多数属于温和左翼，其主张与第一轮左翼或激进左翼古、委左翼政府有所不同；三是非意识形态化；四是实用主义化；五是温和左翼政府和政党往往对激进左翼政府和政党有所批评。六是拉美激进左翼的代表性组织是美洲玻利瓦尔联盟，缩写是ALBA。七是一些温和左翼政府的执政地位不巩固。据此，他强调，拉美这么多左翼政府的第二次浪潮，对我们中拉关系发展应该说会起到积极的作用。

Speech by Professor Wang Jianguo

王建国教授发言

Professor Wang Jianguo, Vice Dean of the School of Political Science and International Relations at Central China Normal University, delivered an insightful speech titled "Self-Revolution: The State of Conscious Existence of a Marxist Mission-Oriented Political Party." He pointed out that the *Resolution* of the Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China [4]4 The Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in November 2021. Its *Resolution* was the "Resolution on the Major Achievements and Historical Experience of the Party over the Past Century." clearly states that courage in self-revolution is a distinctive sign distinguishing the Communist Party of China from other political parties. Self-revolution is a state of conscious existence for the Communist Party of China as a Marxist mission-oriented political party. As a typical Marxist mission-oriented political party, mission consciousness is a fundamental requirement for the Communist Party of China. Self-revolution is the historical experience and practical necessity for a Marxist mission-oriented political party to maintain mission consciousness, and it is even more so a future requirement for a Marxist mission-oriented political party to maintain mission consciousness. Facing the new task of comprehensively building a great modern socialist country, the Communist Party of China must always maintain this state of conscious existence of self-revolution, always maintain the Party's advanced nature and purity, and realize the mission of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with vigorous vitality and surging forward momentum.

华中师范大学政治与国际关系学院副院长王建国教授以《自我革命：马克思主义使命型政党的自觉存在状态》为题做了精彩发言。他指出，党的十九届六中全会《决议》明确指出，勇于自我革命是中国共产党区别于其他政党的显著标志。自我革命是中国共产党作为马克思主义使命型政党的一种自觉存在状态。中国共产党作为典型的马克思主义使命型政党，使命自觉是其根本性要求。自我革命是马克思主义使命型政党保持使命自觉的历史经验和现实需要，更是马克思主义使命型政党保持使命自觉的未来要求。面对实现全面建成社会主义现代化强国的新任务，中国共产党必须始终保持自我革命这一自觉存在状态，始终保持党的先进性和纯洁性，以旺盛的生命力和澎湃的前进动力实现中华民族伟大复兴的使命。

Speech by Researcher Pan Jin'e

潘金娥研究员发言

Researcher Pan Jin'e, Director of the Department of International Communist Movement Studies at the Academy of Marxism of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and one of the editors-in-chief of the Yellow Book on the International Communist Movement, delivered a keynote speech titled "New Dynamics in the Development of the International Communist Movement, 2021-2022." She pointed out that the dynamics of the international communist movement and world socialist development in 2021 were mainly composed of the following major events: First, the Communist Party of China grandly celebrated its centenary, and the brilliant achievements of socialism with Chinese characteristics won the appreciation and expectations of countries around the world. Second, existing socialist countries convened new party congresses, actively fought the pandemic, and promoted economic and social development. Third, non-ruling communist parties in various countries persisted in struggles both inside and outside parliament, making adaptive adjustments to seek space for survival and development. At the same time, communist parties and Marxist scholars around the world reviewed the historical experiences and lessons of the Paris Commune and the dissolution of the Soviet Union, revisited the revolutionary ideas of early revolutionaries in the international communist movement, aiming to learn from history to address practical challenges. Regarding the development trends of the international communist movement in 2022, she believed that the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, coupled with the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine war, increased the risk of imperialist powers launching wars, and the international communist movement faced new shocks. However, the centennial historical monument of the Communist Party of China will inspire communist parties around the world to firmly set their direction and continue toward a brilliant tomorrow.

中国社科院马研院国际共运部主任、国际共运黄皮书主编之一潘金娥研究员做了《2021-2022年国际共产主义运动发展新动态》的主题发言。她指出，2021年的国际共产主义运动和世界社会主义发展动态主要由以下几个重大事件构成：一是中国共产党隆重庆祝百年华诞，中国特色社会主义的辉煌成就赢得世界各国的赞赏和期待；二是现有世界社会主义国家召开新一届党的代表大会，积极抗疫并推进经济和社会发展；三是非执政的各国共产党坚持议会内和议会外斗争，做出适应性调整以谋求生存和发展空间。与此同时，世界各国共产党和马克思主义学者对巴黎公社和苏联解体的历史经验和教训进行了回顾，重温了国际共产主义运动早期革命家的革命思想，旨在以史为鉴，应对现实挑战。在2022年国际共运的发展趋势方面，她认为，新冠肺炎疫情持续加上俄乌战争爆发，加大了帝国主义发动战争的风险，国际共产主义运动面临新的冲击。然而，中国共产党百年历史丰碑，将激励世界各国共产党坚定方向，继续走向明日辉煌。

Speech by Researcher Xu Baoyou

许宝友研究员发言

Researcher Xu Baoyou of the Central Institute of Party History and Literature expounded on this question from seven perspectives in a presentation titled “The World Contribution of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era from the Perspective of Modernization.” He argued: First, the new path of Chinese-path modernization is the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics that the Communist Party of China has taken by integrating Marxism with China’s actual conditions, and it represents a new development of Marxism in the New Era. Second, the great success of Chinese-path modernization has reversed the trend of the drastic changes in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe in the 1980s and 1990s, the severe setbacks to socialism, and the low ebb of the world socialist movement, proving to the world that socialism is superior to capitalism, enabling scientific socialism to radiate strong vitality in 21st-century China, raising high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the world, and exerting a positive influence on the development and revival of world socialism and the international communist movement. Third, the vitality of the Chinese-path modernization path demonstrates the magnificent power of the Communist Party of China uniting and leading the Chinese people to explore a development path based on their country’s actual conditions and to carry out theoretical innovation. Fourth, the successful practice of Chinese-path modernization provides a “non-Western” path to modernization, shattering the myth that modernization can only be achieved by following the capitalist modernization model, and making China the first major country in the world to successfully build modernization not by taking the capitalist road but by taking the socialist road. Fifth, the Chinese-path modernization path has expanded the avenues for developing countries to achieve modernization, offering entirely new choices to those countries and nations that both wish to accelerate development and maintain their independence. Sixth, the Chinese-path modernization path has created a new form of human civilization and made tremendous contributions to human civilization. Seventh, the theoretical and practical assets embodied in the Chinese-path modernization path—such as holistic thinking, innovative practice, institutional advantages, and inclusive culture—should be needed and of interest to all political parties and countries in the world that care about governance and the future of humanity.

中央党史和文献研究院许宝友研究员以《从现代化视角看新时代中国特色社会主义的世界贡献》为题，从七个方面对这一问题进行了阐发。他认为：第一、中国式现代化新道路是中国共产党把马克思主义与中国实际相结合走出的中国特色社会主义道路，是在新时代对马克思主义的新发展。第二、中国式现代化的巨大成功扭转了20世纪80—90年代苏东巨变、社会主义遭受严重挫折、世界社会主义运动陷入低潮的趋势，向世界证明社会主义优于资本主义，使科学社会主义在21世纪的中国焕发出了强大的生机活力，在世界高高举起了中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，对世界社会主义和国际共产主义运动事业的发展和复兴产生积极影响。第三、中国式现代化道路的生机活力，展示了中国共产党团结带领中国人民从本国实际出发探索发展道路，进行理论创新的宏伟力量。第四、中国式现代化的成功实践，提供了一种“非西方”的现代化道路，打破了只有遵循资本主义现代化模式才能实现现代化的神话，使中国成为世界上第一个不是走资本主义道路、而是走社会主义道路成功建设现代化的大国。第五、中国式现代化道路拓展了发展中国家走向现代化的途径，给世界上那些既希望加快发展又希望保持自身独立性的国家和民族提供了全新选择。第六、中国式现代化道路创造了人类文明新形态，为人类文明作出了巨大贡献。第七、中国式现代化道路所蕴含的整体性思维、创新性实践、制度性优势和包容性文化等理论和实践财富，应该是关心治国理政、关心人类命运前途的世界各个政党和国家都需要、都感兴趣的。

Researcher Xuan Chuanshu’s presentation

轩传树研究员发言

Researcher Xuan Chuanshu, Deputy Director of the Institute of Chinese Marxism at the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, delivered an insightful presentation titled “What Is ‘New’ about the New Form of Human Civilization Created by Chinese-Path Modernization.” He pointed out that the so-called new form of civilization refers to the new form of civilization characterized by the coordinated development of the “five civilizations” [5]5 The “five civilizations” (五个文明) refer to material, political, cultural-ethical, social, and ecological civilization, a framework for comprehensive socialist modernization in China. of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Wherein lies the “newness” of this form of civilization? First, compared with Western modern civilization, i.e., capitalist civilization, the new form of human civilization created by the Chinese people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China is the Chinese form and socialist form of modern civilization. Second, compared with classical socialism and traditional socialism, the new form of human civilization created by the Chinese people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China is the Chinese form and 21st-century form of socialist civilization. Third, compared with ancient Chinese civilization, the new form of human civilization created by the Chinese people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China is the creative transformation and innovative development of fine traditional Chinese culture, and is the contemporary form of Chinese civilization. The reason the new form of human civilization is “new” lies in the fact that it is not only different from Western capitalist civilization, but also distinct from classical socialism and the socialist civilization of the Soviet model, nor is it a simple return to fine traditional Chinese culture; rather, it is an inheritance and transcendence of capitalist civilization, traditional socialism, and ancient Chinese civilization. Of course, this “transcendence” is itself a process. In terms of foundation, structure, and function, this new form of civilization has already achieved a relatively mature state of development and a relatively stable mode of expression, but in terms of content, direction, and influence, there is still room for further expansion and improvement.

上海社会科学院中国马克思主义研究所副所长轩传树研究员以《中国式现代化开创的人类文明新形态“新在何处”》为题做了精彩发言。他指出，所谓文明新形态，是指中国特色社会主义“五个文明”协调发展的文明新形态。这种文明形态到底“新”在哪里？首先，与西方现代文明也即资本主义文明相比，中国共产党领导人民创造的人类文明新形态是现代文明的中国形态和社会主义形态。其次，与经典社会主义以及传统社会主义相比，中国共产党领导人民创造的人类文明新形态是社会主义文明的中国形态和21世纪形态。最后，与中华古代文明相比，中国共产党领导人民创造的人类文明新形态是对中华优秀传统文化的创造性转化创新性发展，是中华文明的当代形态。人类文明新形态之所以“新”，就在于它既不同于西方资本主义文明形态，也有别于经典社会主义和苏联模式的社会主义文明形态，也不是中华优秀传统文化的简单回归，而是对资本主义文明、传统社会主义和中华古代文明的继承超越。当然，这种“超越”本身也是一个过程，从基础、结构和功能上看这种文明新形态已经具有相对成熟的发展状态和相对稳定的表现样态，但在内容、方向和影响上仍然有进一步拓展与完善的空间。

Professor Liu Chenguang’s presentation

刘晨光教授发言

Professor Liu Chenguang, Deputy Director of the Contemporary World Socialism Teaching and Research Office in the Department of Scientific Socialism Teaching and Research at the Party School of the Central Committee of the CPC (National Academy of Governance), delivered a presentation titled “The Formation of China’s System in the New Era and Its Contribution to World Socialism.” By reviewing and tracing the process of China’s exploration, transformation, formation, and finalization of a new type of socialist system, he revealed the contribution of China’s system in the New Era to world socialism, namely: it has updated the understanding of the socialist system, demonstrated the superiority of the socialist system, and made the socialist system more universally accessible.

中共中央党校（国家行政学院）科社教研部当代世界社会主义教研室副主任刘晨光教授以《新时代中国制度的成型及其对世界社会主义的贡献》为题，借助中国对新型社会主义制度的探索、转型、成型、定型过程的梳理与回顾，揭示了新时代中国制度对世界社会主义的贡献，即：更新了对于社会主义制度的认识，彰显了社会主义制度的优越性，使社会主义制度具有更加普遍的可及性。

Professor Guo Chunsheng’s presentation

郭春生教授发言

Professor Guo Chunsheng of the Institute of Contemporary Socialism at Shandong University delivered an insightful presentation titled “The Communist Party of the Russian Federation in the Context of 30 Years since the Dissolution of the Soviet Union.” He pointed out that in the 30 years since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, as the successor to the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, has continued to exist to this day and has become the largest communist party in the post-Soviet space. Over these 30 years, the CPRF’s strength declined rapidly in the 1990s, developed steadily after entering the new century, and has seen its influence rise rapidly in recent years. He summarized the extraordinary achievements of the CPRF over the 30 years from three aspects, and further attributed the reasons for the recent increase in the CPRF’s approval rating to three factors: first, the CPRF’s performance in opposing the pension reform in 2018 earned it higher approval ratings; second, the CPRF’s persistent criticism of Russia’s actual capitalist system; and third, the “Soviet symbols” that the CPRF carries with it. It can be seen that the reasons for the CPRF’s increased influence are multifaceted; the key is whether it can gain experience from this, continuously enhance its influence among the people, and thereby achieve its political goals.

山东大学当代社会主义研究所郭春生教授以《苏联解体30年背景下的俄罗斯联邦共产党》为题做了精彩发言。他指出，苏联解体30年来，作为苏联共产党继承者的俄罗斯联邦共产党一直存续至今，并且成为后苏联空间中最大的共产主义政党。30年间俄共力量在90年代迅速下跌，进入新世纪后发展逐渐平稳，并在最近几年影响力得到迅速提升。他从三方面总结了俄共在30年间取得的非凡成就，并且进一步将近期俄共支持率上升的原因归结为三个方面：一是俄共在2018年反对养老金制度改革中的表现使它获得了更高支持率；二是俄共持之以恒地对俄罗斯现实资本主义制度的批判；三是俄共自带的“苏联符号”。由此可见，俄共影响力提升的原因是多方面的，关键是能不能从中获得经验，持续提升在民众中的影响力，从而实现自己的政治目标。

Researcher Zhou Miao’s presentation

周淼研究员发言

Researcher Zhou Miao, Director of the Foreign Left-Wing Research Office in the Department of Foreign Studies at the Institute of Marxism of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, delivered an insightful presentation titled “New Characteristics and New Trends of International Left-Wing Forces under the Centurial Changes.” He pointed out that the current changes unseen in a century are accelerating, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread, and the socialist development path represented by China has achieved remarkable results, forming a sharp contrast with capitalism. Against this backdrop, international left-wing forces have further strengthened their research and critique of contemporary capitalism, as well as their research and interpretation of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Subsequently, he summarized the new characteristics of the development of international left-wing forces from three aspects, introduced a series of innovative research achievements by international left-wing scholars on international left-wing forces, and revealed the trend of diversified development of world left-wing forces. Finally, he explained the key points and difficulties in conducting research on international left-wing forces under the centurial changes.

中国社科院马研院国外部国外左翼研究室主任周淼研究员以《百年变局下国际左翼力量的新特征与新动向》为题做了精彩发言。他指出，当前百年未有之大变局加速演变，新冠肺炎疫情持续蔓延，以中国为代表的社会主义发展道路取得显著成就，与资本主义形成鲜明对比。在此背景下，国际左翼力量进一步加强了对当代资本主义的研究与批判以及对中国特色社会主义的研究与解读。随后他从三个方面概括了国际左翼力量发展的新特征，介绍了国际左翼学者国际左翼力量研究取得的一系列创新研究成果，揭示了世界左翼力量的多元发展态势。最后就百年变局下从事国际左翼力量研究的重点和难点进行了说明。

Professor Yu Weihai’s presentation

余维海教授发言

Professor Yu Weihai, Director of the Research Center for Foreign Marxist Political Parties at Central China Normal University, delivered an insightful presentation titled “The Crisis of the Communist Party of Canada in 2022 and Analysis of Its Causes.” He pointed out that 2022 was an extraordinary year for the Communist Party of Canada, which had already gone through 101 years of trials and hardships. Since the beginning of this year, the Communist Party of Canada has fallen into a serious crisis. A fierce debate erupted within the party over the handling of a long-standing sexual assault case involving the party’s former organization secretary. Some took the opportunity to attack the central leadership, accusing it of shielding the criminal and demanding the leader step down, which triggered distrust of the central leadership among many party members and a wave of resignations. On July 3, 2022, the 40th Congress of the Communist Party of Canada concluded. The congress was held behind closed doors, and it descended into quarrels over a series of issues arising from the sexual assault case. The congress expelled a four-person anti-party clique. The adverse consequences that have already emerged include internal strife within the Communist Party of Canada, even a split crisis, loss of authority of the central leadership, a number of party members publicly resigning, a decline in party cohesion, and social negative influence that is difficult to eliminate in the short term. This crisis has produced extremely unfavorable negative effects. The causes of the Communist Party of Canada’s crisis this year are multifaceted, and its lessons provide a very important warning for the development of the contemporary international communist movement.

华中师范大学国外马克思主义政党研究中心主任余维海教授以《2022年加拿大共产党的危机及原因分析》为题做了精彩发言。他指出，2022年是加拿大共产党极不平凡的一年，该党已经走过101年的风雨历程。今年以来，加拿大共产党陷入一场严重的危机，党内围绕加拿大共产党原组织部长的一起陈年性侵案的处置问题而展开了激烈的辩论，有人借机炮打中央说领导层包庇罪犯要求领袖下台，由此引发了许多党员对中央的不信任和一波退党潮。2022年7月3日，加拿大共产党四十大闭幕。此次党代会是闭门会，大会围绕该性侵案而产生的系列问题而陷入争吵，会议开除了四人反党集团。目前已经出现的恶果是，加拿大共产党党内发生内讧甚至出现分裂危机，中央威信丧失，一批党员公开退党，党的凝聚力下降，社会负面影响力短期内难以消除，此次危机产生了极为不利的消极影响。加拿大共产党今年的危机，原因是多方面的，其教训对当代国际共运的发展具有极为重要的警示作用。

Professor Lin Deshan’s presentation

林德山教授发言

Professor Lin Deshan of the School of Political Science and Public Administration at China University of Political Science and Law delivered an insightful presentation titled “Market, State, and Society: The Predicament of European Left-Wing Politics and the Rise of Left-Wing Populism.” He pointed out that the mission of the left is to direct collective investment toward the most vulnerable areas of our society by making correct choices or supplementing private investment. To achieve this, a state is needed that can invest according to goals other than market choices.

中国政法大学政治与公共管理学院林德山教授以《市场、国家与社会：欧洲左翼政治的困境与左翼民粹主义的崛起》为题做了精彩发言。他指出，左派的使命是通过做出正确或补充私人投资的选择，将集体投资导向我们社会中最弱势的领域。要做到这一点，需要一个能够根据市场选择以外的目标进行投资的国家。

With the globalization of the world, the traditional functions of the state have been eroded. This is the core reason for the current predicament of the left. Globalized capitalism has brought about a structural erosion of state resources: states have been burdened with massive debts and forced into austerity; the European Union has sharply restricted the decision-making and action powers of European states, and under these constraints the state is no longer a significant instrument of investment, which puts the European left in a difficult position. Faced with this predicament, the European left has made two different strategic choices. One is the “left-wing government” represented by social democrats, which seeks a compromise between the state and the market but finds it difficult to distinguish itself from right-wing reforms. The other is the “activist left,” which seeks to respond to the problems it faces in a radical way, reaffirms goals diametrically opposed to the private market, has an “anti-state” character, and seeks to bypass the state by catering to the “third sector” or civil society. This so-called “activist left” is seeking a fundamental change in the existing mode of social welfare investment. But doubts remain as to whether this approach of turning one’s back on the state is realistic. Left-wing populism has developed precisely in this context. Although, like other ideological and political currents of populism, it is not without its ambiguities, its intention may be to reshape the boundaries of radicalism by transcending traditional left-right politics (for the left, primarily class politics)—for example, by appealing to more thoroughgoing direct democracy and a binary conception of the state.

随着世界的全球化发展，国家的传统职能受到侵蚀。这是左翼目前困境的核心原因。全球化的资本主义带来了对国家资源的结构性侵蚀：国家背负了巨额债务，被迫进行紧缩；欧盟也急剧限制了欧洲国家决策和行动的权力，受其限制，国家不再是显著的投资工具，这使欧洲左翼为难。面对这种困境，欧洲左翼作出了两种不同战略选择。一种是以社会民主党人为代表的“左翼政府”，它们寻找国家与市场的妥协，但却难以是自己区别于右翼的改革。另一种则是“积极的左翼”，它们寻求用激进的方式回应面临的问题，重申与私有市场截然相反的目标，具有“反国家”特点，寻求通过迎合“第三部门”或公民社会绕过国家。这种人们称之为“积极的左派”（activist left）正在寻求对既有的社会福利投资方式进行根本性改变。但人们怀疑，这种通过背弃国家的方式是否切合实际？左翼民粹主义正是在此背景下发展起来的。尽管如同其他民粹主义思想政治潮流一样，它不无模糊之处，但在寻求用超越传统左右政治（对于左翼来说主要是阶级政治）的意义上重塑激进主义的边界——例如诉诸更为彻底的直接民主和一种二元对立的国家观念，这或许就是其本意所在。

Speech by Professor Du Min

杜敏教授发言

Professor Du Min, Director of the Center for the Study of Foreign Marxism at the School of Marxism, Yunnan University, delivered an excellent speech titled “The Development Trend of the Socialist Movement in Sri Lanka.” In his speech, he provided a detailed account of the new capitalist crisis that erupted in Sri Lanka against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, and based on this situation, further elaborated on the actions and measures taken by the Sri Lankan left in response to the new crisis.

云南大学马克思主义学院国外马克思主义学科发展中心主任杜敏教授以《斯里兰卡社会主义运动的发展态势》为题做了精彩发言。他在发言中详细地介绍了新冠疫情背景下斯里兰卡爆发的资本主义新危机情况，并根据这一情况，进一步阐述了斯里兰卡左翼针对新危机所采取的行动与措施。

Speech by Researcher Liu Haixia

刘海霞研究员发言

Researcher Liu Haixia, Director of the Office for the Study of Contemporary Capitalism in the Department of International Communist Movements at the Academy of Marxism, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, delivered an excellent speech titled “Profoundly Grasping the Dialectical Relationship between the ‘Changes’ and the ‘Constants’ in the World’s Changes Unseen in a Century.” She pointed out that under the combined impact of the world’s changes unseen in a century and the COVID-19 pandemic, some countries in the United States and the West, far from joining hands to combat the pandemic, promote world economic recovery, and address climate change, have instead drawn ideological lines and launched strategic competition against China in various fields. In February 2022, the Biden administration released the *U.S. Indo-Pacific Strategy* report, proposing to “seek to shape the strategic environment in which China operates” in order to compress China’s strategic space. Shortly thereafter, the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine conflict further exacerbated the uncertainty and instability of the international situation. How to understand the profound connotation of the world’s changes unseen in a century and the world’s turbulent fission amid “changes” and “constants” is an important prerequisite for assessing China’s strategic environment and understanding the relationship between China and the world. Subsequently, she elaborated on the “changes” and “constants” of the world’s changes unseen in a century from six aspects, namely: the balance of international forces has undergone tremendous changes, and the world pattern is accelerating toward multipolarity; China’s international shaping power has greatly increased, and the mutual influence between China and the world is growing day by day; the return of “geopolitics” has brought more realist factors to the great changes in the world, and the Russia-Ukraine conflict will trigger new changes in the global strategic pattern; the inward-looking tendency of policies in the United States and Western countries has intensified, and the localization of supply chains has exacerbated the trend of deglobalization; the strategic focus of the United States has officially shifted to the Indo-Pacific region, but the Russia-Ukraine conflict has forced the United States to pay attention to the European region at the same time; and seeking breakthroughs amid “changes” while honoring commitments amid “constants.”

中国社科院马研院国际共运部当代资本主义研究室主任刘海霞研究员以《深刻把握世界百年未有之大变局“变”与“不变”的辩证关系》为题做了精彩发言。她指出，在世界百年未有之大变局和新冠肺炎疫情的叠加冲击下，美西方一些国家非但不携手抗击新冠肺炎疫情、推动世界经济复苏、应对气候变化，反而以意识形态划线，从各个领域展开对中国的战略竞争。2022年2月拜登政府发布《美国印太地区战略》报告，提出要“寻求塑造中国所处的战略环境”,以压缩中国战略空间，稍后俄乌冲突的爆发更加剧了国际形势的不确定性和不稳定性。如何理解百年未有之大变局的深刻内涵和世界在“变”与“不变”中的激荡裂变，是评估中国战略环境以及了解中国与世界关系的重要前提。随后，她从六个方面阐述了百年未有之大变局的“变”与“不变”，即：国际力量的对比发生了巨大变化，世界格局加速向多极化转变；中国的国际塑造力大幅提升，中国与世界的相互影响日益增强；“地缘政治”回归给世界大变局带来更多的现实主义因素，俄乌冲突将引发全球战略格局新变化；美西方国家政策内顾倾向加重，供应链的本土化加剧了逆全球化的趋势；美国战略重心正式转向印太地区，但俄乌冲突使美国不得不同时关注欧洲地区；在“变”中寻求突破， 在“不变”中重信守诺。

Speech by Associate Professor Yang Chengguo

杨成果副教授发言

Associate Professor Yang Chengguo from the School of Marxism at Wenzhou University delivered an excellent speech titled “The Policy Propositions of European Communist Parties in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic.” He pointed out that in the face of the worsening COVID-19 pandemic, European communist parties have spoken out one after another, sharply criticizing the ineffective pandemic response policies of Western capitalist countries, exposing the nature of capitalism as shirking responsibility and being solely profit-driven, and pointing out that the intensifying pandemic has revealed serious deficiencies in the health systems of various European capitalist countries. At the same time, European communist parties have highly praised the efficient pandemic prevention policies and strong governance capacity of the socialist Chinese government, arguing that China’s approach demonstrates the superiority of socialism. They have also expressed solidarity with China, emphasizing that China’s experience should be drawn upon to seek common development, and called on all countries to strengthen cooperation and maintain unity in pandemic response.

温州大学马克思主义学院杨成果副教授以《新冠疫情背景下欧洲共产党的政策主张》为题做了精彩发言。他指出，面对不断恶化的新冠疫情，欧洲共产党纷纷发声，对西方资本主义国家政策应对不力的抗疫政策进行了尖锐的批评，揭露资本主义推卸责任、唯利是图的本质，指出新冠疫情的日益加剧暴露出欧洲各资本主义国家卫生系统的严重缺陷；与此同时，欧洲共产党对社会主义中国政府高效的抗疫政策和强大的治理能力给予了高度的赞扬，认为中国的做法彰显了社会主义的优越性；并且对中国进行声援，强调应借鉴中国经验，谋求共同发展；呼吁各国在抗疫方面加强合作、保持团结。

Speech by Associate Professor Zheng Yuntian

郑云天副教授发言

Associate Professor Zheng Yuntian, Director of the Institute of World Socialism at the School of International Studies, Renmin University of China, delivered an excellent speech titled “The Great-Power Responsibility of China in the New Era as Seen by Think Tanks in the Eurasian Region.” He pointed out that, amid the intertwining of a century of changes and a once-in-a-century pandemic, the world has entered a new period of turbulence and transformation. Some left-wing scholars in the Eurasian region have begun to rethink the responsibility, demeanor, and commitment that China, in the New Era, demonstrates to the world as a major country. Taking the joint construction of the Belt and Road Initiative as their focal point, they delve deeply into issues such as economic and trade cooperation, security guarantees, and multilateral diplomacy. They strive to overcome the influence of Western discourse, focus on the driving effects of the Belt and Road Initiative, and maintain cautious optimism about the prospects of relations between China and the Eurasian region. The motivation for the new changes in their research lies in the continuous shift in the balance of power between East and West, the practical considerations of the special geopolitics of the Eurasian region, and the increasingly prominent contemporary value of the ancient Silk Road. Against the backdrop of the accelerated evolution of the world’s changes unseen in a century and the world entering a new period of turbulence and transformation, humanity has not yet emerged from the shadow of the pandemic and now faces new traditional security risks. Changes in the world, the times, and history are unfolding in unprecedented ways, constantly posing new questions of the world and the times to all of humanity, and China is interpreting its great-power responsibility to the world through concrete actions.

中国人民大学国际关系学院世界社会主义研究所所长郑云天副教授以《欧亚地区智库眼中的新时代中国大国担当》为题做了精彩演讲。他指出，在百年变局和世纪疫情的交织下，世界进入新的动荡变革期，欧亚地区一些左翼学者开始重新思考新时代中国向世界所展现的大国责任、风范与担当。他们以共建“一带一路”为着眼点，深入探讨经贸合作、安全保障和多边外交等议题；他们力图克服西方话语的影响，关注共建“一带一路”的带动效应，对中国与欧亚地区关系的前景持谨慎乐观；他们的研究呈现新变化的动因在于东西方力量对比的持续变化、欧亚地区特殊地缘政治的现实考虑以及古丝绸之路的当代价值日益凸显等方面。在世界百年未有之大变局加速演进、世界进入新的动荡变革期的背景下，人类尚未走出疫情阴霾，又面临新的传统安全风险。世界之变、时代之变与历史之变以前所未有的方式展开，正不断给全人类提出新的世界之问和时代之问，而中国正在以实际行动向世界诠释其大国担当。

Speech by Associate Professor Wu Qian

吴茜副教授发言

Associate Professor Wu Qian from the School of Marxism at Xiamen University, in her speech titled “The Current Situation and Predicament of the Revitalization of the Western Left-Wing Movement in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic,” elaborated on the external environment for the revitalization of the Western left-wing movement against the backdrop of the pandemic; revealed the ideological and political program adjustments of Western left-wing parties as they return to the “radical left-wing political tradition”; focused on the new developments of Western left-wing parties expanding their space for activity by “charging left and right”; and analyzed the progress of the Western left-wing movement under the pandemic and the challenges it faces.

厦门大学马克思主义学院吴茜副教授以《新冠肺炎疫情背景下西方左翼运动重振的现状与困境》为题，阐述了新冠肺炎疫情背景下西方左翼运动重振的外部环境；揭示了西方左翼政党回归“左翼激进政治传统”的意识形态、政治纲领调整；关注了西方左翼政党“左冲”“右突”拓展活动空间的新发展；分析了新冠肺炎疫情下西方左翼运动的进展及其面临的挑战。

Speech by Associate Researcher He Qin

贺钦副研究员发言

Associate Researcher He Qin, Director of the Office for the Study of Contemporary World Socialism in the Department of International Communist Movements at the Academy of Marxism, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, delivered an excellent speech titled “On the Requirements of the Times and Essential Characteristics of Socialist Modernization—Taking the Modernization Exploration of Four Socialist Countries in the 21st Century as Examples.” She pointed out that since the 21st century, the four socialist countries—the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Laos, Vietnam, and Cuba—have entered a new historical stage of building socialist modernization. Facing the requirements of the era of economic globalization, socialist countries strive to leverage the institutional advantage of the Party’s leadership over everything, implement the institutional requirements of law-based governance, practice the institutional purpose of putting the people first, and uphold the institutional bottom line of peaceful development. Socialist modernization is a modernization that unifies objectivity and initiative, generality and particularity, stages and continuity, critique and construction, holism and synergy, autonomy and openness, and progress and twists and turns. Socialist modernization in the 21st century can neither be confined to the Soviet model of modernization nor blindly believe in Western modernization theories. In the comparison between the two systems of capitalism and socialism, only by correctly understanding and grasping the requirements of the times and essential characteristics of socialist modernization can socialist countries maintain strategic focus, enhance strategic confidence, and optimize strategic foresight in the new historical period, thereby unswervingly advancing the process of socialist modernization in accordance with their national conditions and the interests of their people.

中国社科院马研院国际共运部当代世界社会主义研究室主任贺钦副研究员以《论社会主义现代化的时代要求与本质特征——以21世纪社会主义四国的现代化探索为例》为题做了精彩发言。她指出，21 世纪以来，朝鲜、老挝、越南、古巴社会主义四国步入了建设社会主义现代化的历史新阶段。面对经济全球化的时代要求，社会主义国家力图发挥党领导一切的制度优势，贯彻依法治国的制度要求，践行人民至上的制度宗旨，坚守和平发展的制度底线。社会主义现代化是客观性与主动性相统一、一般性与特殊性相统一、阶段性与延续性相统一、批判性与建设性相统一、整体性与协同性相统一、自主性与开放性相统一、前进性与曲折性相统一的现代化。21世纪的社会主义现代化既不能局限于苏联现代化模式，更不能迷信西方现代化理论。在与资本主义的两制对比中，社会主义国家唯有正确认识和把握社会主义现代化的时代要求和本质特征，才能在新的历史时期保持战略定力，增强战略自信，优化战略前瞻，从而坚定不移地推进符合本国国情和人民利益的社会主义现代化进程。

Speech by Associate Researcher Pan Xihua

潘西华副研究员发言

Finally, Pan Xihua, Associate Researcher and Director of the Office of the History of the International Communist Movement, Department of International Communist Movement, Institute of Marxism, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, delivered a conference summary on behalf of the organizers. She summed up the entire process from preparation to successful conclusion with the six characters “authoritative,” “cutting-edge,” and “efficient.” She summarized the highlights of the high-quality presentations delivered by domestic and foreign experts within a tight and orderly schedule, as well as the consensus reached through efficient exchange and discussion.

最后，中国社科院马研院国际共运部国际共运史研究室主任潘西华副研究员代表主办方做大会总结。她用“权威”“前沿”“高效”六个字对本次会议从筹备到圆满落幕进行了概括；对国内外专家们在紧张有序的时间内完成了高质量的发言中的一些亮点、在高效的交流与切磋中所达成的一些共识进行了总结。

More than a hundred experts and scholars from the Central Party School of the CPC (National Academy of Governance), the International Department of the CPC Central Committee, the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, Yunnan University, China University of Political Science and Law, Shandong University, Central China Normal University, Soochow University, Xiamen University, and other institutions also participated in the conference online and offline. The conference was chaired in stages by Vice President Yu Junxiao, Vice President Lin Jianhua, Vice President Yuan Qun, and Deputy Director Yuan Xiuli.

来自中共中央党校（国家行政学院）、中共中央对外联络部、上海社会科学院、云南大学、中国政法大学、山东大学、华中师范大学、苏州大学、厦门大学等单位的百余名专家学者也通过线上线下方式参会。会议分阶段先后由于俊霄副院长、林建华副院长、袁群副院长、苑秀丽副主任主持。

(Contributed by Yu Hui and Pan Xihua)

（遇荟、潘西华供稿）

Links to domestic and international coverage:

国内外报道链接：

1. China Media Group China Plus Italian Channel:

1.中央广播电视总台中意客户端：

http://quanmtnews.china-plus.com.cn/news_Detail.html?articleId=71625&typeId=&mark=zhongyi

http://quanmtnews.china-plus.com.cn/news_Detail.html?articleId=71625&typeId=&mark=zhongyi

2. International Online:

2.国际在线：

http://news.cri.cn/20220730/54b362ee-9886-6912-79d7-3ec9b12e45d7.html

http://news.cri.cn/20220730/54b362ee-9886-6912-79d7-3ec9b12e45d7.html

3. People’s Daily Overseas Network:

3.人民日报海外网：

http://news.haiwainet.cn/n/2022/0802/c3541089-32465378.html

http://news.haiwainet.cn/n/2022/0802/c3541089-32465378.html

4. Chinese Social Sciences Today (Online):

4.中国社会科学报（网）：

http://cass.cssn.cn/keyandongtai/baokanchuban/202208/t20220805_5469726.shtml

http://cass.cssn.cn/keyandongtai/baokanchuban/202208/t20220805_5469726.shtml

5. Marxism Research Network:

5.马克思主义研究网：

http://myy.cass.cn/myygzdt/202007/t20200719_5157271.shtml

http://myy.cass.cn/myygzdt/202007/t20200719_5157271.shtml

6. School of Marxism, Yunnan University:

6.云南大学马克思主义学院网：

http://www.mlb.ynu.edu.cn/info/1046/1729.htm

http://www.mlb.ynu.edu.cn/info/1046/1729.htm

7. NetEase:

7.网易：

https://www.163.com/dy/article/HDI949PO051497H3.html

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8. Sina:

8.新浪：

https://cj.sina.com.cn/articles/view/1645705403/621778bb02001431s?sudaref=www.baidu.com&display=0&retcode=0

https://cj.sina.com.cn/articles/view/1645705403/621778bb02001431s?sudaref=www.baidu.com&display=0&retcode=0

9. Tencent:

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https://view.inews.qq.com/a/20220730A089E900

https://view.inews.qq.com/a/20220730A089E900

10. International Online Italian Channel:

10.国际在线意大利频道：

https://italian.cri.cn/2022/07/30/ARTI8V9wyrOmNQX6EQno2V8j220730.shtml

https://italian.cri.cn/2022/07/30/ARTI8V9wyrOmNQX6EQno2V8j220730.shtml

11. International Online Vietnamese Channel:

11.国际在线越南语频道：

https://vietnamese.cri.cn/2022/07/30/ARTI437qRo7CrUPiqHlHOhD7220730.shtml

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