“21st Century Marxism Lecture Hall” Sixth Session Held

Chinese Academy of Social Sciences News Recently, the sixth session of the “21st Century Marxism Lecture Hall,” hosted by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Academic Division of Marxist Studies and organized by the Academy of Marxism, was held in Beijing. Chen Li, former director of the Academic and Editorial Committee of the Central Institute of Party History and Literature, was invited to deliver a special report titled “The Historical Inevitability of the Two Establishments.” [1]1 The Two Establishments (两个确立) refers to the establishment Gong Yun, deputy director of the Academy of Marxism at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, presided over the event.

中国社会科学网讯 近日，由中国社会科学院马克思主义研究学部主办，马克思主义研究院承办的“21世纪马克思主义大讲堂”第六讲在京举行。中共中央党史和文献研究院学术和编审委员会原主任陈理应邀作题为“‘两个确立’的历史必然性”的专题报告。中国社会科学院马克思主义研究院副院长龚云主持活动。

Chen Li, former director of the Academic and Editorial Committee of the Central Institute of Party History and Literature, delivers a special report. Photo by Wang Yi/Provided.

中共中央党史和文献研究院学术和编审委员会原主任陈理作专题报告。 王屹/供图

Chen Li stated that the “Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the Major Achievements and Historical Experience of the Party over the Past Century” [2] clearly points out that the Party’s establishment of Comrade Xi Jinping’s core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, and the establishment of the guiding role of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, reflect the common will of the entire Party, the entire military, and the people of all ethnic groups across the country, and are of decisive significance for the development of the cause of the Party and the state in the New Era and for advancing the historical process of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. This major political judgment is made on the basis of a comprehensive summary of the major achievements and historical experience of the Party’s century-long struggle, especially with a focus on the historic achievements, historic changes, and fresh experience accumulated in the cause of the Party and the state since the 18th National Congress of the CPC. [3]

陈理表示，《中共中央关于党的百年奋斗重大成就和历史经验的决议》明确指出，党确立习近平同志党中央的核心、全党的核心地位，确立习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的指导地位，反映了全党全军全国各族人民共同心愿，对新时代党和国家事业发展、对推进中华民族伟大复兴历史进程具有决定性意义。这一重大政治论断是在全面总结党的百年奋斗重大成就和历史经验，尤其是在重点总结党的十八大以来党和国家事业取得的历史性成就、发生的历史性变革和积累的新鲜经验基础上做出的。

Chen Li elaborated on the historical inevitability of the Two Establishments from three aspects.

陈理从三个方面深入阐述了“两个确立”的历史必然性。

First, comprehend the historical inevitability of the Two Establishments from the profound theoretical origins of Marxism and the practice of the international communist movement. Chen Li believes that the basic theories of Marxism, especially Marxist party-building theory, contain important ideological content regarding the maintenance of the authority of the Party Central Committee and centralized, unified leadership. From the classical works of Marxism, we can also understand that the maintenance of the authority of the Party Central Committee and centralized, unified leadership is not limited to the field of Party building; Marx and Engels, in conjunction with their examination of the large-scale production methods of modern industry, also made important developments in this regard. For example, Marx in *Capital* used modern production as an example to emphasize centralization and unity; Engels in *On Authority* also emphasized the necessity of organization. From the perspective of the practice of the international communist movement, Marx and Engels, in the great practice of leading the international communist movement and carrying out the proletarian struggle, further deepened their understanding of centralized authority and the establishment of the Party’s leadership core. By summarizing the experience and lessons of the international communist movement, especially the failure of the Paris Commune, they further deepened their understanding of maintaining the Party’s centralized, unified leadership. From the perspective of Lenin’s development of Marxism, Lenin combined Marxist party-building theory with the reality of the Russian revolution, deeply analyzed and discussed the relationship between leaders, the Party, classes, and the masses, and in terms of organizational construction, clearly put forward the important idea of establishing a new type of proletarian party, greatly enriching and developing Marxist party-building theory.

首先，从马克思主义深厚的理论渊源和国际共产主义运动实践来领悟“两个确立”的历史必然性。陈理认为，马克思主义基本理论中，特别是马克思主义建党学说中蕴含着维护党中央权威和集中统一领导的重要思想内容。从马克思主义的经典著作中我们还可以领悟到，维护党中央权威和集中统一领导并不仅限于党建领域，马克思、恩格斯结合对近代工业大规模生产方式的考察，对这方面的思想也有重要发展。比如，马克思在《资本论》中就以现代生产为例，强调集中统一；恩格斯在《论权威》中也强调了组织的必要性。从国际共产主义运动实践来看，马克思、恩格斯在领导国际共产主义运动和开展无产阶级斗争的伟大实践中，进一步深化了对集中权威和确立党的领导核心的认识。通过总结国际共产主义运动特别是巴黎公社失败的经验教训，进一步深化了对维护党的集中统一领导的认识。从列宁对马克思主义的发展来看，列宁把马克思主义建党学说与俄国革命实际相结合，深刻分析和论述了领袖、政党、阶级、群众的关系，在组织建设方面，鲜明地提出建立新型无产阶级政党这一重要思想，极大地丰富和发展了马克思主义建党学说。

Second, profoundly comprehend the historical inevitability of the Two Establishments from the Party’s century-long, magnificent course of struggle. Chen Li proposed that the Two Establishments can be said to be an inevitable conclusion drawn from the Party’s century-long struggle. Strengthening the Party’s centralized leadership, maintaining the Party’s leadership core, and ensuring the unity of thought, political solidarity, and unity of action of the entire Party have been a major political principle and significant advantage that our Party has consistently adhered to for over a hundred years.

其次，从党的百年波澜壮阔的奋斗历程中深刻领悟“两个确立”的历史必然性。陈理提出，“两个确立”可以说是从我们党的百年奋斗中得出的一个必然结论。加强党的集中领导，维护党的领导核心，保证全党思想上的统一、政治上的团结、行动上的一致，是我们党一百多年来始终坚持的一个重大政治原则和显著优势。

Chen Li elaborated from four “key points” in the Party’s century-long struggle.

陈理从党的百年奋斗历程中的四个“关键点”展开阐述。

The first key point is the founding of the Party. From the very beginning of its establishment, our Party very clearly established the major political principle of maintaining the authority of the Party Central Committee and centralized, unified leadership, which was reflected in the Party program and Party constitution formulated at the First and Second National Congresses of the CPC. [4] The second key point is the Zunyi Conference, [5] which summarized our Party’s experience and lessons, centrally resolved the then-decisive military and organizational issues, established the Party’s correct leadership, solved the problem of the Party’s leadership core, and achieved a great historical turning point. The third key point is the Seventh National Congress of the CPC, [6] which formally established Comrade Mao Zedong’s leading position in the Party Central Committee. The fourth key point is the late 1980s and early 1990s. Facing the profound and complex changes in the domestic and international situation at that time, our Party further deepened its understanding of maintaining the authority of the Party Central Committee and centralized, unified leadership, and establishing the Party’s leadership core.

第一个关键点是党的成立。我们党从成立伊始就非常明确地确立了维护党中央权威和集中统一领导的重大政治原则，这在党的一大、二大所制定的党纲、党章中就有所体现。第二个关键点是遵义会议，总结了我们党的经验教训，集中解决了当时具有决定性意义的军事和组织问题，确立了党的正确领导，解决了党的领导核心问题，实现了伟大的历史转折。第三个关键点是党的七大，正式确立毛泽东同志在党中央的领导地位。第四个关键点是20世纪80年代末、90年代初，面对当时国内外形势的深刻复杂变化，我们党进一步深化了对维护党中央权威和集中统一领导，确立党的领导核心的认识。

Finally, profoundly comprehend the historical inevitability of the Two Establishments from the great practice of historic achievements and historic changes in the cause of the Party and the state since the 18th National Congress of the CPC. Chen Li stated that the great practice of the decade of great change in the New Era fully demonstrates the decisive significance of the Two Establishments for the development of the cause of the Party and the state in the New Era and for promoting the historical process of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. This is mainly grasped from five aspects: first, deeply understand and grasp the new concepts, new ideas, and new strategies of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core regarding the maintenance of the authority of the Party Central Committee and centralized, unified leadership since the 18th National Congress of the CPC; second, deeply understand that the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core is the fundamental guarantee for historic achievements and historic changes in the New Era; third, deeply understand the significant role of Comrade Xi Jinping, as the core of the Party Central Committee and the core of the entire Party, in steering and guiding the historic achievements and historic changes in the New Era; fourth, deeply understand the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, as contemporary Chinese Marxism and 21st-century Marxism, for the historic achievements and historic changes in the New Era; fifth, deeply understand that the Two Establishments are a historical inevitability, and are the choice of history and the people.

最后，从党的十八大以来党和国家事业取得历史性成就和发生历史性变革的伟大实践中，深刻领悟“两个确立”的历史必然性。陈理表示，新时代十年伟大变革这样一场伟大实践，充分彰显了“两个确立”对新时代党和国家事业发展、对推动中华民族伟大复兴历史进程的决定性意义。主要从五个方面来把握：一是深刻理解把握党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央关于维护党中央权威和集中统一领导的新理念、新思想、新战略；二是深刻理解以习近平同志为核心的党中央的坚强领导是新时代取得历史性成就和发生历史性变革的根本保证；三是深刻理解习近平同志作为党中央的核心、全党的核心，对新时代取得历史性成就和发生历史性变革的掌舵领航重大作用；四是深刻理解习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想作为当代中国马克思主义、21世纪马克思主义，对新时代取得历史性成就和发生历史性变革的科学指引；五是深刻理解“两个确立”是历史的必然，是历史和人民的选择。

In his concluding remarks, Gong Yun stated that this report, starting from three aspects—Marxist theory and the practice of the international communist movement, the Party’s century-long magnificent course of struggle, and the historic achievements and historic changes in the New Era—and from multiple dimensions such as theoretical logic and practical reality, deeply explained the historical inevitability of the Two Establishments. The report is rich in historical material and profound in theoretical foundation, possessing both a sense of historical coherence and an interaction between theory and practice. The report provides profound inspiration for scholars at the Academy of Marxism to further study and elucidate Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.

龚云在总结讲话中表示，此次报告从马克思主义理论和国际共运实践、我们党百年波澜壮阔的奋斗历程以及新时代取得历史性成就和发生历史性变革三个方面着手，从理论逻辑与现实实践等多个维度，深入讲解了“两个确立”的历史必然性。报告历史素材丰富、理论底蕴深厚，既有历史的通透感，又有理论与实践的互动。报告对马研院学者进一步深入研究、阐释习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想有深刻启发。

(Authors: Zhang Yaning, Long Mengyao)

（作者：张亚宁 龙萌瑶）