The Establishment of the Russian Proletarian Party and the Victory of the October Revolution

On the afternoon of 9 February 2023, the International Communist Movement Research Department of the Academy of Marxism of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences held the first academic salon of 2023. Wang You, Assistant Researcher in the International Communist Movement History Research Office, delivered a report entitled “The Establishment of the Russian Proletarian Party and the Victory of the October Revolution.” The meeting was chaired by Pan Jin’e, Researcher and Director of the International Communist Movement Research Department, and all members of the International Communist Movement Department participated in the study and discussion.

2023年2月9日下午，中国社会科学院马克思主义研究院国际共产主义运动研究部举办2023年第1期学术沙龙，国际共运史研究室的王游助理研究员为作了题为《俄国无产阶级政党的建立与十月革命的胜利》的报告。会议由国际共产主义运动研究部主任潘金娥研究员主持，国际共运部全体人员参加学习讨论。

Director Pan Jin’e first introduced the background and conception behind the holding of this academic salon. The International Communist Movement Academic Salon is an academic activity held irregularly by the International Communist Movement Research Department since 2018. Over the past few years, these academic activities have achieved good results in cultivating the growth of disciplinary talent. The first International Communist Movement Academic Salon of 2023 lifted the curtain on the “Foundation-Strengthening Project” [1]1 “Foundation-Strengthening Project” (强基工程): An internal disciplinary development initiative within the International Communist Movement Research Department, aimed at consolidating foundational knowledge and research capacity. for the disciplinary construction of international communist movement research. Director Pan Jin’e pointed out that the “Foundation-Strengthening Project” is a consensus formed after discussion by the International Communist Movement Party Branch. The so-called “foundation-strengthening” means “strengthening the foundation and consolidating the base.” On the one hand, it is necessary to take the high-quality completion of several major projects currently under research in the department as the starting point, including: research on new developments in world socialist trends and movements, historical lessons of the international communist movement, the history of Marxist development in foreign socialist countries, the academic history of international communist movement and world socialist research, and “five hundred years of the two isms” [2]2 “Five hundred years of the two isms”: A reference to the historical span of utopian socialism and scientific socialism, often used in Chinese Marxist discourse to frame the development of socialist thought.. This involves both tracking research and grasping the dynamics of international communist movement practice and the frontiers of academic research, and also connecting the history and reality of international communist movement research. On the other hand, through collective lesson preparation and the teaching of specialized disciplinary courses, including “History of the International Communist Movement,” “World Socialist History, Theory and Practice,” and “Special Topics on Marxist International Political Theory and World Party Diplomacy,” as well as compiling the self-selected textbook approved by the University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, “Theory and Practice of Socialist State Reform in the World,” the aim is to achieve mutual improvement through teaching, to consolidate the basic theory of the discipline, to train the team, and to cultivate talent, thereby driving the overall development of the discipline and realizing the growth and strengthening of the international communist movement discipline in the continuous process of “foundation-strengthening.”

潘金娥主任首先对举办本次学术沙龙的背景和设想做了介绍。国际共运学术沙龙是自2018年以来国际共运研究部不定期举行的学术活动，过去几年来的学术活动在培养学科人才成长方面取得了良好的效果。2023年首场国际共运学术沙龙，拉开了国际共运研究学科建设“强基工程”的序幕。潘金娥主任指出，“强基工程”是国际共运党支部经过讨论后形成的一个共识。所谓“强基”，意为“强健基础、夯实根基”。一方面要以高质量完成研究部目前在研的几个主要项目为抓手，包括：世界社会主义思潮与运动新进展研究、国际共产主义运动史鉴、国外社会主义国家马克思主义发展史、国际共产主义运动与世界社会主义研究学术史、“两个主义”五百年等，既要跟踪研究和把握国际共运实践发展动态与学术研究前沿，又要打通国际共运研究的历史与现实；另一方面还要通过集体备课和讲授学科专业课，包括《国际共产主义运动史》、《世界社会主义历史、理论与实践》、《马克思主义国际政治理论与世界政党外交专题研究》等课程，以及编写好社科大立项的自选教材《世界社会主义国家改革的理论与实践》等，实现教学相长，达到夯实学科基础理论、锻炼队伍、培养人才的目的，进而带动学科整体发展，在不断“强基”过程中实现国际共运学科的发展壮大。

(Director Pan Jin’e chairs the meeting)

（潘金娥主任主持会议）

(Academic salon scene) (Vivid and detailed explanation)

（学术沙龙现场） （生动详实的讲解）

“The Establishment of the Russian Proletarian Party and the Victory of the October Revolution,” as an important chapter in the course “History of the International Communist Movement,” is planned to be taught by Assistant Researcher Wang You. Taking the opportunity of this academic salon, a trial lecture was conducted, and the teachers of the research department jointly discussed the content and method of the teaching and proposed suggestions for improvement. This method of collective lesson preparation not only helps to perfect teaching but also helps to deepen and expand each researcher’s understanding of the basic knowledge of this discipline.

《俄国无产阶级政党的建立与十月革命的胜利》作为《国际共运史》这门课的一章重要内容，计划由王游助理研究员主讲，藉此举办学术沙龙的机会进行一次试讲，由研究部各位老师对授课内容及方式进行共同讨论并提出改进意见。这种集体备课的方式不仅有助于完善教学，同时也有助于加深和拓展研究部每位研究人员对本学科基础知识的理解。

Wang You has long been engaged in research on the history of the Russian revolution and the history of the Russian socialist movement. In this report, he began with the Decembrist uprising of 1825 [3]3 Decembrist uprising of 1825: A failed revolt by Russian army officers against Tsar Nicholas I, seeking liberal reforms and constitutional government; considered a precursor to the revolutionary movement in Russia. and reviewed the history of the struggle of Russian aristocratic revolutionaries, the commoner intellectuals of the 1860s, and the Narodnik revolutionaries [4]4 Narodnik revolutionaries: Populist radicals in 19th-century Russia who sought to overthrow tsarism through peasant-based revolution, preceding the Marxist movement. against the tsarist system before Marxism was introduced into Russia. Subsequently, using Plekhanov, the “father of Russian Marxism,” and the Emancipation of Labour Group [5]5 Emancipation of Labour Group: The first Russian Marxist organization, founded by Georgi Plekhanov in Geneva in 1883, which translated and disseminated Marxist works in Russia. as a starting point, he introduced the revolutionary activities of the proletarian leader Lenin. With Lenin as the central figure, he provided a detailed analysis of the intricate struggles within the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party at that time (mainly the polemics between the Bolshevik and Menshevik factions) and the relationships between figures. He introduced the life stories of important figures such as Martov, Dan, Chkheidze, Tsereteli, Kerensky, and Kornilov, and evaluated their historical merits and faults. In the latter part of the report, he summarized the content of Lenin’s most important work, *The State and Revolution*, and then focused on the process of the October armed uprising in Petrograd, explaining the decision-making process for the uprising, its preliminary preparations, specific actions, and historical significance.

王游长期从事俄国革命史、俄国社会主义运动史研究。在此次报告中，他从1825年十二月党人起义开始讲述，回顾了马克思主义传入俄国前俄国贵族革命家、19世纪60年代平民知识分子、民粹派革命者与沙皇制度进行斗争的历史。之后，以“俄国马克思主义之父”普列汉诺夫及劳动解放社引出了无产阶级领袖列宁的革命活动，并以列宁为中心人物，对当时俄国社会民主工党内部错综复杂的斗争（主要是布尔什维克与孟什维克两个派别的论战）和人物关系进行了详细的剖析，介绍了马尔托夫、唐恩、齐赫泽、策列铁里、克伦斯基、科尔尼洛夫等重要人物的生平，并评价了他们的历史功过。在报告的后半部分，概括了列宁最重要的著作《国家与革命》的内容，随后将重点置于彼得格勒十月武装起义的进程上，解说了起义的决策经过、前期准备、具体行动、历史意义等内容。

Wang You’s lecture was rich in content, detailed in historical materials, lively and novel in form, and full of vitality, winning rounds of applause from everyone. In view of the specific situation of the target audience, some teachers also put forward specific suggestions for improving the lecture notes. All members of the International Communist Movement Research Department engaged in a heated discussion on the content of the report. Everyone agreed that this exchange deepened their understanding of the history of the international communist movement, especially the history of the Soviet Union, and that they had benefited greatly.

王游的讲课内容丰富、史料详实、形式活泼新颖、充满活力，赢得了大家的阵阵掌声。针对听课对象的具体情况，一些老师还提出了改进讲义的具体建议。国际共产主义研究部全体成员对报告内容进行了热烈讨论，大家一致认为本次交流加深了对国际共运史尤其是苏联历史的认识，受益匪浅。

(Contributor: Wang You, International Communist Movement Department)

（供稿人：共运部王游）