Decoding the Code of Common Prosperity in Tangqi Village, a “Harmonious and Beautiful Village”

In order to deeply study and implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the CPC,

为深入学习贯彻党的二十大精神，全面贯彻落实习近平总书记“千村示范、万村整治”工程重要指示精神，助力乡村振兴，2023年12月25日，中国社会科学院马克思主义研究院彭海红研究员带领调研组一行26人赴浙江省杭州市临平区塘栖镇塘栖村开展乡村振兴主题调研，深入探索和了解农民农村实现共同富裕建设“和美乡村”的实践路径。塘栖村高度重视本次调研活动，村党委书记唐国标亲自接待和安排调研。

Shen Qichao, Deputy Director of the Tangqi Village Committee and Secretary of the Village Communist Youth League Committee, accompanied the research team on an on-site inspection of Tangqi Village. Tangqi Village is located in the northeastern part of Hangzhou, situated in the hinterland of the ancient town of Tangqi, which has a history of a thousand years. To the north, it overlooks the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, a World Cultural Heritage site; to the south, it borders the provincial-level scenic area Chaoshan Mountain and the original ecological wetland Dingshan Lake. The Tangchao Path, a scenic waterway route, runs through the village from north to south. The entire village covers an area of 4 square kilometers, comprising 13 natural villages and 30 villager groups, with a total of 1,020 households and a population of 4,285. It is a typical Jiangnan land of fish and rice and is also a national-level "One Village, One Product" demonstration village. By the end of 2022, Tangqi Village's collective assets amounted to 206 million yuan, the village-level collective operating income reached 8.13 million yuan, and the per capita disposable income of farmers reached 59,000 yuan.

塘栖村村委会副主任、团委书记沈其超陪同调研组实地参观了塘栖村。塘栖村地处杭州东北部，是千年古镇塘栖的腹地所在，北望世界文化遗产京杭大运河，南靠省级风景名胜区超山及原生态湿地丁山湖漾，塘超小径水韵风情线纵跨南北，全村总面积4平方公里，有13个自然村，30个村民小组，总户数1020户，人口4285人，是典型的江南鱼米之乡，也是全国“一村一品”示范村镇。到2022年底，塘栖村集体资产2.06亿元，村级集体经营性收入达到813万元，农民人均可支配收入达到5.9万元。

Figure 1: The research team visits Tangqi Village

图一 调研组参观塘栖村

The research team went to visit the "Covenant Tree" of Tangqi Village. It is understood that at the beginning of the construction of the beautiful village, the two committees of Tangqi Village [1]1 The "two committees" (两委) refers to the village Party branch committee and the village committee, the two leading bodies in a Chinese village. and village cadres repeatedly invited Party members, leaders of villager groups, and villager representatives to participate in soliciting opinions on the preliminary plans for the construction of a beautiful Tangqi. Many plans were discussed and decided under this tree. It was precisely during the process of building a harmonious and beautiful village that Tangqi Village gradually explored a set of democratic deliberation, consultation, decision-making, and public disclosure systems suited to the village's conditions. This ensured that public opinion was solicited as extensively and broadly as possible, truly asking the people for their needs, their advice, and their evaluation of results, thereby finding the greatest common divisor of villagers' public opinion. In 2015, Tangqi Village drafted a village covenant, which was revised again in 2018. This set of "sunshine systems" of Tangqi Village was also written into the village covenant. Subsequently, Tangqi Village named this ancient camphor tree the "Covenant Tree," to constantly remind Party members and cadres to always uphold the original aspiration of serving the people wholeheartedly, and also hoping that this ancient tree would continue to witness the beautiful transformation of Tangqi Village.

调研组前往参观了塘栖村的“公约树”。据了解，美丽乡村建设之初,塘栖村两委村干部多次邀请党员、村民小组组长、村民代表参与美丽塘栖建设前期方案意见征集，很多方案是在这棵树下商议决定的。也正是在和美乡村建设过程中，塘栖村逐步摸索出了一套适合本村村情的民主议事、协商、决策和公开制度，做到尽可能多、尽可能广地征集民意，真正做到问需于民、问计于民、问效于民，找到了村民民意最大公约数。2015年，塘栖村起草了村民公约，2018年再一次进行了修订，塘栖村的这套“阳光制度”也被写进了村民公约。之后，塘栖村将这棵古樟树命名为“公约树”，时刻提醒党员干部要始终秉持一颗全心全意为民服务的初心，也希望这棵古树能不断见证塘栖村的美丽蜕变。

Figure 2: The research team visits the "Covenant Tree"

图二 调研组参观“公约树”

Next, the research team followed the cultural corridor to explore the development history of Tangqi Village. In 2003, the former Caijiadai Village and the former Sanguantang Village merged to form Tangqi Village. At that time, the village's collective economic income was only 58,000 yuan, ranking third from the bottom in the entire town, making it a well-known impoverished village far and wide. Over the past 20 years, under the leadership of the village's "two committees" team, Tangqi Village has taken a series of measures, such as uniting efforts, making good use of collective assets and resources, and building a "beautiful village," to strengthen and expand the village's collective economy from weak to strong, from small to large, blazing a new path towards common prosperity for farmers and rural areas. Tangqi Village leaped from a "dirty village" and "poor village" to become a "bellwether" in the construction of "beautiful villages" and a "vanguard" in rural revitalization. In 2023, Tangqi Village's collective operating income was 9.3268 million yuan, and its collective assets reached 217 million yuan.

接着，调研组沿着文化长廊探寻塘栖村的发展历史。2003年，原蔡家埭村与原三官堂村合并成立塘栖村，彼时的村集体经济收入只有5.8万元，在全镇排倒数第三，是远近闻名的贫困村。20年来，在村委“两委”班子带领下，塘栖村通过凝心聚力、用好集体资产资源、打造“美丽乡村”等一系列举措，使塘栖村的集体经济从弱到强、从小到大，走出了一条农民农村共同富裕的新路子。塘栖村从一个“脏村”“穷村”，一跃成为“美丽乡村”建设的“领头羊”、乡村振兴的“排头兵”。2023年度，塘栖村集体经营性收入932.68万元，塘栖村集体资产达到2.17亿元。

Figure 3: Brief history of Tangqi Village

图三 塘栖村历史简介

The five "Thousand-Character" banquets are the code for good governance in Tangqi Village, cultivating villagers' collective consciousness and achieving effective governance. Starting in 2016, Tangqi Village successively held five unique large-scale "Thousand-Character" series events: the "Thousand Family Banquet," the "Thousand Blessings Banquet," the "Thousand Longevity Banquet," the "Thousand Joys Banquet," and the "Thousand Family Blessings." At the "Thousand Family Banquet," each household sent one representative to participate in a roundtable meeting, where villagers jointly discussed major plans for village development, mediated neighborhood disputes, and shared exemplary stories of pioneers and role models, working together to generate ideas and find solutions for the village collective's development. The "Thousand Blessings Banquet" invited women from 1,221 households in the village to participate, promoting the style of women in the New Era, inspiring and mobilizing all women in the village to play the role of "holding up half the sky," focusing on the two small matters of creating "beautiful courtyards" and implementing waste sorting, and jointly participating in the construction of a "beautiful Tangqi." The "Thousand Longevity Banquet," a Double Ninth Festival [2]2 The Double Ninth Festival (重阳节) is a traditional Chinese holiday on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, dedicated to honoring the elderly. respect-for-the-elderly event, invited all villagers aged 65 and above to participate, doing practical things, doing good deeds, and offering love for the elderly, allowing them to share in the fruits of Tangqi Village's development and enjoy a happy old age. The "Thousand Joys Banquet" invited all registered couples in the village who were married between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2019, to participate, injecting vigorous momentum into the beautiful industry and adding more vitality to a happy life. The "Thousand Family Blessings" event mobilized the entire village, inviting over 4,000 villagers to take a group photo together. After these five events, the villagers' hearts were more united, their energy was stronger, and their sense of happiness, fulfillment, and identity arose spontaneously. This laid a solid foundation for coordinating neighborhood relations within the village, narrowing the gap between cadres and the masses, and advancing central work, creating a festive atmosphere of stability, unity, neighborhood harmony, joy, and peace in Tangqi Village.

五场“千”字宴是塘栖村培育村民集体意识、实现治理有效的善治密码。2016年起，塘栖村连续举办“千家宴”、“千福宴”、“千寿宴”、“千禧宴”、“千家福”5场独具特色的“千”字系列大型活动。 “千家宴”上，每家每户派一名代表参加圆桌会议，村民共商村庄发展大计、共调邻里纠纷矛盾、共话先锋模范佳话，齐心协力为村集体发展出思路、想办法。“千福宴”邀请村内1221户农户家庭妇女参加，弘扬新时代女性风采，激励动员全村女同胞发挥妇女半边天作用，做好“美丽庭院”创建和垃圾分类两件小事，共同参与“美丽塘栖”建设。“千寿宴”重阳敬老活动邀请全村65周岁以上老人参与，为老年人办实事、做好事、献爱心，让老年人共享塘栖村发展的成果，安享幸福晚年。“千禧宴”邀请全村2000年1月1日至2019年12月31日期间结婚的在册夫妻参与，为美丽产业注入蓬勃动力，为幸福生活增添更多活力。“千家福”进行全村总动员，邀请全村4000多村民共同拍摄。五场活动下来，村民的心更齐了，劲更足了，幸福感、获得感、认同感油然而生，为村内协调邻里关系、拉近干群关系、推进中心工作打下坚实基础，营造了塘栖村安定团结、邻里和谐、欢乐祥和的喜庆氛围。

Figure 4: The research team views the group photo from the "Thousand Family Blessings" event

图四 调研组参观“千家福”活动合照

In recent years, Tangqi Village has actively promoted the development of the "beautiful economy." By establishing "common prosperity workshops," innovating common prosperity crowdfunding models, building a rural common prosperity academy, and creating a red tourism study base, it has continuously strengthened and expanded the loquat industry and developed the rural tourism and entertainment industry. Currently, the Common Prosperity Park has built over a dozen recreational projects, including go-karts, zip lines, jungle traverses, kayaking, sightseeing boats, barbecues, and camping bases. During holidays, the daily visitor flow can reach tens of thousands, and daily operating revenue can reach 60,000 yuan. As the "Number One Township for Loquats in China," Tangqi Village has firmly grasped the loquat as its "golden business card" and "fruit of prosperity" in recent years. Taking modern agriculture as the starting point, it has strengthened and expanded the loquat industry. Combining loquat picking with agritainment, it has formed a series of modern leisure tourism, agritainment, and folk culture experience projects based on the Tangqi loquat industry. In addition to loquats, Tangqi Village is also building a "Four Seasons Orchard."

近年来，塘栖村积极推进“美丽经济”发展，通过建立“共富工坊”、创新共富众筹模式、建设乡村共富学院、打造红色研学基地等方式，不断做大做强枇杷产业、发展乡村游乐产业。目前，共富乐园已建成卡丁车、高空滑索、丛林穿越、皮划艇、水上游船、烧烤、露营基地等十余项游乐项目，节假日期间客流量每日多达上万人，运营收入每日多达6万元。作为“中国枇杷第一乡”，近年来塘栖村牢牢抓住枇杷这一“金名片”和“致富果”，以现代农业为抓手，做大做强枇杷产业，结合枇杷采摘和农家乐，形成了一批以塘栖枇杷产业为基础产业的现代休闲旅游、农家乐、民俗文化体验等项目。除了枇杷，塘栖村正在打造“四季果园”。

Accompanied by Zhu Weiyang, the research team visited the Common Prosperity Park and the Four Seasons Orchard. It is understood that in May 2023, Tangqi Village introduced the "Strawberry King" brand and built a future village strawberry garden. Currently, the orchard cultivates a total of 100,000 strawberry plants, all using a suspended soilless cultivation model, effectively improving the quality and efficiency of strawberry cultivation. The greenhouse is clean and tidy, and humidity, temperature, and ventilation can all be controlled via a mobile phone app, showcasing the charm of modern agriculture. In the future, Tangqi Village will further develop the cultivation of high-end fruits such as loquats, blueberries, and crisp persimmons. Together with the Common Prosperity Study Center and the Common Prosperity Park, the orchard will be built into a modern agricultural base integrating picking, sightseeing, and study tours.

在朱维阳陪同下，调研组参观了共富乐园和四季果园。据了解，2023年5月，塘栖村引进“草莓君”品牌，建设未来乡村草莓园。目前果园内栽培草莓共十万株，均采用悬挂式无土栽培模式，有效实现草莓种植提质增效，棚内干净整洁，湿度、温度、通风均可通过手机APP操作，彰显出现代农业魅力。未来塘栖村将进一步开展枇杷、蓝莓、脆柿等高端水果种植，配合共富研学中心和共富乐园，将果园建设为集采摘、观光、研学于一体现代农业基地。

Figure 5: The research team visits the Common Prosperity Strawberry Orchard

图五 调研组参观共富草莓果园

After the visit, Tang Guobiao, Secretary of the Tangqi Village Party Committee, along with some members of the two committees, held a discussion and exchange with all members of the research team at the Tangqi Village Common Prosperity Study Center.

参观之后，塘栖村党委书记唐国标、两委班子部分成员同调研组全体成员在塘栖村共富研学中心进行座谈交流。

Figure 6: Discussion and exchange

图六 座谈交流

Tang Guobiao introduced Tangqi Village's experiences and practices in rural revitalization and common prosperity from three aspects: the capacity building of the village cadre team, grassroots governance methods, and the industrial planning of the village collective economy. He particularly focused on the "Five Thousand Family Banquets" activity, detailing Tangqi Village's experiences and practices of taking improving villagers' cohesion as the goal, using diversified organizational forms as the starting point, integrating and utilizing the resources of local elites, continuously strengthening the village collective's cohesion and organizational capacity, and promoting the orderly development of rural grassroots governance. Tangqi Village will continue to implement modern management concepts on the existing foundation, fully tap into rural resources, leverage the advantages of the new collective economy, attach great importance to internal cohesion and autonomy, and take optimizing the spatial layout of industries as the starting point to further develop and strengthen the village-level collective economy. It strives to achieve a village-level collective operating income exceeding 15 million yuan by 2025, continuously advancing on the path of rural revitalization and common prosperity.

唐国标从村干部队伍能力锻造、基层治理方式方法、村集体经济产业规划三方面对塘栖村乡村振兴和共同富裕的经验做法予以介绍，其中特别以“五次千家宴”活动为重点，详细介绍了塘栖村以提高村民凝聚力为目标、以多样化组织形式为抓手，整合利用乡贤资源，不断增强村集体凝聚力、组织力，推进农村基层治理有序开展的经验做法。塘栖村将在现有基础上继续贯彻现代化经营理念、充分挖掘乡村资源、发挥新型集体经济优势，高度重视内部凝聚力与自主性，以优化产业空间布局为抓手，进一步发展壮大村级集体经济，力争在2025年村级集体经营性收入突破1500万，在乡村振兴和共同富裕的道路上不断前进。

Figure 7: Experts from the research team speak at the village committee discussion

图七 调研组专家在村委座谈会上发言

Researcher Peng Haihong, on behalf of the research team, thanked Secretary Tang Guobiao and Tangqi Village for their reception, briefly introduced the composition of the research team members, and summarized the experience of Tangqi Village’s rural revitalization using “five manifestations.” First, Tangqi Village’s collective economic development and rural revitalization practice fully embody the leadership of the Party, with the Party organization fully playing its role as the leading core and a battle fortress. Second, Tangqi Village’s development practice fully embodies that industrial revitalization is the key to rural revitalization. Through the integration of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries, and the combination of industry-academia-research and agriculture-culture-tourism, it has provided solid industrial support for rural revitalization. Third, it fully embodies that talent revitalization is the foundation of rural revitalization. Tangqi Village’s leadership team is young and capable, and there are successors for the village’s collective economic development and rural revitalization cause. Fourth, it fully embodies organizational revitalization. Whether it is formal organizations (including the Party organization, economic cooperative organizations, women’s organizations, mass organizations, etc.) or the organization of villagers’ culture and hearts, all have played an active role, firmly organizing and uniting the villagers’ hearts. Fifth, it fully embodies effective rural governance. The two committee teams [3]3 The “two committees” (两委) refer to the village Party branch committee and the village committee, the two core leadership bodies at the village level in China. of Tangqi Village have methods and ideas for solving problems, creating various platforms and focal points, and through multiple forms, organizing and uniting forces at all levels, including the “elderly, middle-aged, young, and juvenile,” to jointly promote collective economic development and the construction of a “harmonious and beautiful village.” Research team member and first-grade writer of the Chinese Writers Association, Wang Hongjia, pointed out that rural revitalization cannot be separated from a leader. A village leader with sustained self-confidence and a striving spirit is an important asset for driving the sustained development of rural revitalization. Zhejiang is the province with the most developed private enterprises in the country. Under the guidance of the village leader, Tangqi Village fully utilizes and leverages Zhejiang’s advantages of strong autonomy and wealth stored among the people, tapping into the resources of local elites to drive rural revitalization—this is worth learning from. On the basis of current construction, in the future, Tangqi Village should further focus on cultivating local talent and aim to improve the cultural quality of villagers. Under the new era background, it is essential to deeply grasp the significance of the Two Integrations, especially the Second Integration [4]4 The “Second Integration” (第二个结合) refers to the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s fine traditional culture, as proposed by Xi Jinping., to solidify the foundation of cultural confidence, strengthen the construction of cultural-ethical progress in rural areas, and achieve cultural revitalization. This is the inevitable path for the development of all Chinese villages in the future. The Common Prosperity Study and Education Center is a highlight of Tangqi Village’s construction and an excellent platform for exchanging and training on rural revitalization experience. In the future, Tangqi Village should further expand and extend the platform functions of the Common Prosperity Study and Education Center, strengthen the cultivation of local talent, enhance the comprehensive quality of local talent, and increase the endogenous forces of rural revitalization. Researcher Zheng Yougui from the Institute of Contemporary China Studies of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, starting from the two perspectives of enhancing farmers’ subjectivity and cultivating professional managers, affirmed Tangqi Village’s practices and offered suggestions for further development. First, focusing on farmers’ participation as subjects is one of the most important experiences in Tangqi Village’s rural revitalization practice. Rural revitalization is carried out for farmers, and rural construction is built for farmers. Neglecting farmers’ subjectivity and over-relying on external forces for rural revitalization will ultimately lead to “hollowing out.” The vast number of farmers are the fundamental force of rural revitalization; their initiative, enthusiasm, and creativity are the endogenous driving forces of rural revitalization. To bring farmers’ subjectivity into play, the most important thing is to achieve “revitalization of the heart,” firmly uniting hearts together. It is suggested to deeply explore the story of Tangqi Village’s “Five Thousand Family Banquets” [5]5 The “Five Thousand Family Banquets” (五次千家宴) refers to a series of large-scale community feasts organized in Tangqi Village, symbolizing unity and collective spirit., first, to deepen and theorize it from an academic perspective; second, to widely promote it from the perspective of practical experience; and third, to use modern means such as film and television for publicity and creation, so that more people can learn from and reference Tangqi Village’s excellent experience. Second, focusing on the cultivation of professional managers is a distinctive feature of Tangqi Village’s construction and a full embodiment of its management philosophy. Cultivating and introducing professional managers, letting professionals do professional work, and managing the village like a company is a beneficial practice for Tangqi Village to promote effective modern governance.

彭海红研究员代表调研组感谢唐国标书记和塘栖村的接待，简单介绍了调研组成员情况，并用“五个体现”概括了塘栖村乡村振兴的经验。一是，塘栖村的集体经济发展和乡村振兴实践充分体现了党的领导，党组织充分发挥了领导核心、战斗堡垒作用。二是，塘栖村的发展实践充分体现了产业振兴是乡村振兴的关键。通过一二三产业融合，产学研、农文旅结合，为乡村振兴提供了扎实的产业支撑。三是，充分体现了人才振兴是乡村振兴的基础，塘栖村领导班子年轻有为，塘栖村的集体经济发展和乡村振兴事业后继有人。四是，充分体现了组织振兴，不论是形式上的组织（包括党组织、经济合作社组织、妇女组织、群团组织等），还是对村民文化、人心上的组织，都发挥了积极作用，将村民民心牢牢组织凝聚在一起。五是，充分体现了乡村治理有效，塘栖村两委班子解决问题有办法、有思路，创建各种平台、抓手，通过多种形式，将“老、壮、青、少”等各层次各种力量组织、凝聚起来，共同推进集体经济发展和“和美乡村”建设。调研组成员、中国作家协会一级作家王宏甲指出，乡村振兴离不开带头人，一个拥有持续自信心和奋斗心的村庄带头人是带动乡村振兴持续发展的重要财富。浙江是全国民营企业最发达的地区，在村庄带头人引领下，塘栖村充分发挥利用浙江自主性强、藏富于民的优势特点，挖掘乡贤资源，带动乡村振兴，这一点值得借鉴。在目前建设基础上，未来塘栖村应当进一步侧重于本土人才培育，着眼村民文化素质提升。在新的时代背景下，要深刻把握好“两个结合”特别是“第二个结合”的重要意义，筑牢文化自信根基，加强乡村精神文明建设，实现文化振兴，是未来中国所有乡村发展的必由之路。共富研学中心是塘栖村打造的建设亮点，是乡村振兴经验交流培训的优秀平台。未来，塘栖村应当进一步拓展延伸共富研学中心平台功能，加强本土人才培育，提升本土人才综合素质，提高乡村振兴内生力量。中国社会科学院当代中国研究所郑有贵研究员从增强农民主体性和职业经理人培育两个角度出发，肯定了塘栖村的做法，并给予了进一步发展建议。首先，注重农民主体参与是塘栖村乡村振兴实践的一条最重要的经验。乡村振兴为农民而兴，乡村建设为农民而建。忽视农民主体性，过度依赖外部力量的乡村振兴最终会导致“空心化”。广大农民是乡村振兴的根本力量，他们的积极性、主动性、创造性是乡村振兴的内生动力。发挥农民主体性，最重要的就是实现“心的振兴”，将心紧紧凝聚在一起。建议深入挖掘塘栖村“五次千家宴”故事，一是从学术角度进行深化理论化，二是从实践经验角度广泛推广，三是借助影视剧等现代手段进行宣传创作，让更多人学习参考塘栖村的优秀经验。其次，注重专业的职业经理人培育是塘栖村建设的鲜明特色和经营理念的充分体现。培育引进专业职业经理人，让专业的人从事专业工作，像经营公司一样经营乡村，是塘栖村推进现代化有效治理的有益实践。

(Written by: Gan Tingting, Lu Fengyi, Peng Haihong, University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)

（执笔：中国社会科学院大学 甘婷婷、卢凤仪、彭海红）