Deepening Reform Comprehensively to Strive to Write a New Chapter of Chinese-Path Modernization

The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC, centering on Chinese-path modernization, scientifically planned the overall deployment for further deepening reform comprehensively, fully reflecting the historical initiative and firm determination of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core to develop and perfect the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics and to advance Chinese-path modernization through deepening reform comprehensively. Under the Party’s leadership, through long-term efforts, we have achieved a series of remarkable accomplishments that have attracted worldwide attention. At the same time, we also face a severe and complex domestic and international situation. Currently, we have entered a critical period of comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization. The questions posed to us by social reality are more arduous and complex than in the past. Therefore, we must, under the strong leadership of the Party, further deepen reform and opening up comprehensively and strive to write a new chapter of Chinese-path modernization.

党的二十届三中全会围绕中国式现代化，科学谋划了进一步全面深化改革的总体部署，充分体现了以习近平同志为核心的党中央，发展、完善中国特色社会主义制度、通过全面深化改革推进中国式现代化的历史主动和坚强决心。在党的领导下，我们经过长期的努力，取得了一系列举世瞩目的伟大成就。同时我们也面临着严峻复杂的国内外形势。当前，我们进入以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、实现中华民族复兴伟业的关键时期，社会现实给我们出的考题比过去更加艰巨复杂。因此，我们必须在党的坚强领导下,进一步全面深化改革开放，奋力谱写中国式现代化新的篇章。

I. Upholding the Party’s Leadership to Provide the Fundamental Guarantee for Deepening Reform Comprehensively and Advancing Chinese-Path Modernization

一、坚持党的领导，为全面深化改革推进中国式现代化提供根本保证

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: “The Party’s leadership directly concerns the fundamental direction, future, and ultimate success or failure of Chinese-path modernization.” History and practice have proven that our Party, leading the people in socialist revolution, construction, and reform, has achieved a series of successes, successfully pioneered the path of Chinese-path modernization, and successfully advanced and expanded Chinese-path modernization. On the new journey of the New Era, in the process of advancing Chinese-path modernization, we will inevitably encounter various risks and challenges and will have to carry out many complex and arduous struggles. To overcome these difficulties and challenges, we cannot do without the strong leadership of the Party. Upholding the Party’s leadership is the fundamental guarantee for our deepening reform comprehensively and successfully advancing Chinese-path modernization. Therefore, we must always uphold the Party’s leadership, adhere to proceeding from reality in everything, emancipate the mind, and seek truth from facts; we must uphold the centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central Committee over further deepening reform comprehensively, maintain a high degree of consciousness in using the Party’s self-revolution to lead social revolution, persist in managing and governing the Party with the spirit of reform, implement reform with the spirit of driving nails, and transform the strategic deployment for further deepening reform comprehensively into a powerful force for advancing Chinese-path modernization.

习近平总书记强调：“党的领导直接关系中国式现代化的根本方向、前途命运、最终成败。”历史和实践证明，我们党领导人民进行社会主义革命、建设、改革，取得了一系列成就，成功开创了中国式现代化道路，并成功推进和拓展了中国式现代化。新时代、新征程，我们在推进中国式现代化的过程中，必然会遇到各种风险挑战，还要进行许多复杂艰巨的斗争，我们要战胜这些困难和挑战，离不开党的坚强领导。坚持党的领导是我们全面深化改革，成功推进中国式现代化的根本保证。因此，我们必须始终坚持党的领导，坚持一切从实际出发，解放思想、实事求是；必须坚持党中央对进一步全面深化改革的集中统一领导，保持以党的自我革命引领社会革命的高度自觉，坚持用改革精神管党治党，以钉钉子精神抓好改革落实，把进一步全面深化改革的战略部署转化为推进中国式现代化的强大力量。

II. Adhering to a People-Centered Approach to Gather Strong Synergy for Deepening Reform Comprehensively and Advancing Chinese-Path Modernization

二、坚持以人民为中心，为全面深化改革推进中国式现代化凝聚强大合力

Adhering to a people-centered approach is the fundamental governing philosophy of the Communist Party of China and the key to the CPC’s success. In the process of deepening reform comprehensively and advancing Chinese-path modernization, only by adhering to a people-centered approach can we gather synergy. For over a hundred years, the Party and the people have shared weal and woe, life and death, always maintaining a flesh-and-blood connection. History and practice have proven that the strong synergy of the masses of the people is the key to continuously achieving success in Chinese-path modernization. Therefore, only by taking the masses of the people as the practical subject of deepening reform comprehensively and giving play to the people’s subjective creativity can we broadly gather consensus on reform; proceeding from the fundamental interests of the broadest majority of the people, conforming to the people’s will, and mobilizing the initiative, enthusiasm, and creativity of the masses of the people can reform possess powerful momentum and better gather the strong synergy to promote Chinese-path modernization. On the new journey, we must adhere to a people-centered approach, always keep in mind the word “people,” respect the people’s principal position and pioneering spirit, insist that where the people call, reform responds, ensuring that reform is for the people, reform relies on the people, and the fruits of reform are shared by the people; always uphold putting the people first and stand firm on the people’s side, thereby gathering the mighty force of unity of purpose and overcoming difficulties together, and smoothly advancing Chinese-path modernization.

坚持以人民为中心是中国共产党的根本执政理念，是中国共产党的成功之道。在全面深化改革推进中国式现代化的过程中，只有坚持以人民为中心，才能凝聚合力。一百多年来，党和人民风雨同舟、生死与共，始终保持着血肉联系。历史和实践证明，人民群众的强大合力是推动中国式现代化不断取得成功的关键。因此，只有把人民群众作为全面深化改革的实践主体，发挥人民的主体创造力，才能广泛凝聚改革共识；从最广大人民的根本利益出发，符合人民意愿，调动人民群众的主动性、积极性、创造性，才能使改革拥有强大的动力，更好凝聚起推动中国式现代化的强大合力。新征程上，我们必须坚持以人民为中心，时刻牢记“人民”二字，尊重人民主体地位和首创精神，坚持人民有所呼、改革有所应，做到改革为了人民、改革依靠人民、改革成果由人民共享；始终坚持人民至上、站稳人民立场，从而集聚起万众一心、共克时艰的磅礴力量，顺利推动中国式现代化。

III. Adhering to Upholding Fundamentals and Breaking New Ground to Stimulate Strong Vitality for Deepening Reform Comprehensively and Advancing Chinese-Path Modernization

三、坚持守正创新，为全面深化改革推进中国式现代化激发强劲活力

Upholding fundamentals and breaking new ground is a profound summary of our Party’s century-long historical experience and is also the distinctive spiritual character of Chinese-path modernization. For over a hundred years, our Party has united and led the people of all ethnic groups across the country in arduous struggle, upholding fundamentals and breaking new ground, carrying out arduous struggles, conducting tortuous explorations, and achieving brilliant accomplishments. On the new journey of the New Era, strategic opportunities for development and risks and challenges coexist: economic globalization has encountered headwinds in some regions, and changes unseen in a century are accelerating on the international stage; various contradictions and problems emerge endlessly domestically, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has entered a critical period. The more complex the situation, the more we must accelerate the pace of reform. On the path of advancing Chinese-path modernization, we must carry out deepening reform comprehensively to the end in order to properly respond to new situations, resolve new contradictions, and solve new difficulties. In the process of deepening reform comprehensively and advancing Chinese-path modernization, we must uphold the fundamentals of socialism and break new ground in Chinese-path modernization. Reform and innovation complement each other; deepening reform comprehensively is an important pathway to promote innovation. Through reform and innovation, on the one hand, we can continuously enhance the driving force and vitality of social development, promote high-quality development of the economy, and continuously strengthen the material foundation of Chinese-path modernization. On the other hand, we can promote the improvement and development of the socialist system, enhance governance capacity and level, and provide a stronger guarantee for advancing Chinese-path modernization. Furthermore, through reform and innovation, we can also create a more dynamic social environment for Chinese-path modernization, thereby stimulating the vitality of market entities, strengthening the supporting capacity of talent, and enhancing the driving force of scientific and technological innovation, thus realizing the liberation and development of productive forces, advancing Chinese-path modernization, realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and ensuring the ultimate goal of the people’s well-being. Therefore, we must advance deepening reform comprehensively with the spiritual character of upholding fundamentals and breaking new ground, and jointly write a new chapter of Chinese-path modernization.

守正创新是我们党对百年历史经验的深刻总结，更是中国式现代化鲜明的精神品格。一百多年来，我们党团结带领全国各族人民艰苦奋斗、守正创新，开展了艰苦的斗争，进行了曲折的探索，取得了辉煌的成就。新时代新征程，发展的战略机遇和风险挑战并存：世界经济全球化局部遭遇逆流，国际百年未有之大变局加速演进；国内各类矛盾问题层出不穷，中华民族伟大复兴进入关键时期。越是局面复杂，越是要加快改革步伐。中国式现代化前进道路上，我们必须将全面深化改革进行到底，才能妥善应对新情况、化解新矛盾、解决新难题。在全面深化改革推进中国式现代化的过程中，我们要守社会主义之正，创中国式现代化之新。改革与创新相辅相成，全面深化改革是推动创新的重要途径。通过改革创新，一方面，可以不断增强社会发展的动力和活力，推动经济实现高质量发展，不断厚植中国式现代化的物质基础。另一方面，可以促进社会主义制度的完善和发展，提升治理能力和水平，为推进中国式现代化提供更为坚强的保障。此外，通过改革创新，还可以为中国式现代化创造更具活力的社会环境，从而激发市场主体活力、强化人才支撑能力、增强科技创新动力，从而实现解放和发展生产力，推进中国式现代化，实现中华民族伟大复兴，确保人民幸福的最终目的。因此，我们要以守正创新的精神品格推进全面深化改革，共同谱写中国式现代化新的篇章。

IV. Adhering to Taking Institutional Improvement as the Main Line to Provide Institutional Guarantees for Deepening Reform Comprehensively and Advancing Chinese-Path Modernization

四、坚持以制度建设为主线，为全面深化改革推进中国式现代化提供制度保障

Institutions are fundamental and long-term issues concerning the development of the Party and the state’s cause. The self-improvement and development of the socialist system are inherent requirements of reform. Comrade Deng Xiaoping once pointed out: “Reform is the self-improvement of the socialist system, and within a certain scope, it has also brought about revolutionary changes to a certain degree.” General Secretary Xi Jinping also emphasized: “When we say we have confidence in our system, it does not mean we should rest on our laurels; rather, we must continuously eliminate institutional and mechanistic drawbacks, making our system mature and enduring.” The reform and opening up of the New Era faces deeper-seated institutional and mechanistic issues. It is necessary to break down the barriers of solidified interests, raise the requirements for the top-level design of reform, and enhance the systemic, holistic, and coordinated nature of reform. Therefore, we must firmly adhere to taking institutional improvement as the main line, place institutional building and governance capacity building in a more prominent position, continuously deepen institutional and mechanistic reforms in various fields and aspects, and promote the greater maturity and finalization of institutions in all aspects. Only by adhering to taking institutional improvement as the main line and through deepening reform comprehensively can we promote the further improvement of the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, transform institutional advantages into the development effectiveness of Chinese-path modernization, and better provide institutional guarantees for deepening reform comprehensively, thereby successfully advancing the historical process of Chinese-path modernization.

制度是关系党和国家事业发展的根本性、长期性问题。社会主义制度的自我完善和发展是改革的内在要求。邓小平同志曾指出：“改革是社会主义制度的自我完善，在一定的范围内也发生了某种程度的革命性变革。”习近平总书记也曾强调：“我们说坚定制度自信，不是要固步自封，而是要不断革除体制机制弊端，让我们的制度成熟而持久。”新时代的改革开放，所面对的是更深层次的体制机制问题。要打破利益固化的藩篱，提高改革顶层设计的要求，增强改革的系统性、整体性、协同性。因此，我们要牢牢坚持以制度建设为主线，把制度建设和治理能力建设摆到更加突出的位置，不断深化各领域各方面体制机制改革，对推动各方面制度更加成熟定型。唯有坚持以制度建设为主线，通过全面深化改革，才能推进中国特色社会主义制度更加完善，才能将制度优势转化为中国式现代化的发展效能；才能更好地为全面深化改革提供制度保障，从而成功推进中国式现代化的历史进程。

V. Adhering to Law-Based Governance in All Respects to Provide Rule-of-Law Guarantees for Deepening Reform Comprehensively and Advancing Chinese-Path Modernization

五、坚持全面依法治国，为全面深化改革推进中国式现代化提供法治保障

Reform and the rule of law are like the two wings of a bird and the two wheels of a chariot, complementing each other. History and practice show that the realization of the rule of law cannot be separated from the impetus of reform, and the deeper the reform, the more the rule of law must be emphasized, and the more it needs the guarantee of the rule of law. Therefore, we must insist on advancing reform under the rule of law and perfecting the rule of law in the course of reform. The “Decision” [1]1 The “Decision” refers to the “Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Deepening Reform Comprehensively to Advance Chinese-Path Modernization,” adopted at the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee. points out that the rule of law is an important guarantee for Chinese-path modernization. Therefore, we must deepen reform and advance Chinese-path modernization on the track of the rule of law, promptly elevate the fruits of reform into legal systems, and use a systematic, complete, pragmatic, and efficient legal system to escort deepening reform comprehensively. On the new journey, we must give full play to the role of the rule of law in consolidating foundations and ensuring long-term benefits, uphold the authority of the Constitution, coordinately advance reforms in legislation, law enforcement, judiciary, and law-abidance, improve the guarantee mechanism for equality before the law, promote the spirit of socialist rule of law, safeguard social fairness and justice, and comprehensively advance the law-based governance of all aspects of national work. Taking the systems concept as our methodology, we adhere to law-based governance in all respects, use the rule of law to escort further deepening reform comprehensively, and provide a strong rule-of-law guarantee for advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

改革和法治如鸟之两翼、车之两轮，相辅相成。历史和实践表明，法治的实现离不开改革的推动，而且改革越深入越要强调法治，越需要法治的保障。因此，我们要坚持在法治下推进改革，在改革中完善法治。《决定》指出，法治是中国式现代化的重要保证。因此，我们要在法治轨道上深化改革、推进中国式现代化，及时把改革成果上升为法律制度，以系统完备、务实高效的法律制度为全面深化改革保驾护航。在新征程上，我们要发挥法治固根本、利长远的保障作用，维护宪法权威，协同推进立法、执法、司法、守法各环节改革，健全法律面前人人平等保障机制，弘扬社会主义法治精神，维护社会公平正义，全面推进国家各方面工作法治化。我们以系统观念为方法论，坚持全面依法治国，以法治护航进一步全面深化改革，为推进中华民族伟大复兴提供坚强法治保障。

VI. Adhering to the Systems Concept to Provide Methodological Support for Deepening Reform Comprehensively and Advancing Chinese-Path Modernization

六、坚持系统观念，为全面深化改革推进中国式现代化提供方法论支持

The systems concept is a manifestation of the Marxist methodology and also one of the working methods of the Chinese Communists. At present, the comprehensive deepening of reform is exerting force in all areas, achieving breakthroughs at multiple points, and advancing in depth. To advance Chinese-path modernization through comprehensively deepening reform, it is necessary to adhere to the systems concept. In the process of comprehensively deepening reform, we must adhere to the systems concept and correctly handle the relationship between top-level design and practical exploration. In carrying out top-level design, we must not only meet the requirements of the times, proceed from a macro perspective, and plan the overall layout from the height of the entire country; we must also meet the needs of the people, proceed from a micro perspective to carry out meticulous design; and we must also meet the demands of reality, proceed from a meso-level practice to explore the laws of economic and social development, so that policies embody the character of the times, the people, and the laws, thereby advancing Chinese-path modernization. In the process of comprehensively deepening reform, we must adhere to the systems concept and correctly handle the relationship between efficiency and fairness. Efficiency is the condition for fairness; fairness without efficiency lacks a foundation and is difficult to sustain. Fairness is the prerequisite for efficiency; efficiency without fairness cannot be enduring. Comprehensively deepening reform and advancing Chinese-path modernization requires both making the “cake” bigger and dividing the “cake” well, so as to better safeguard social fairness, while simultaneously mobilizing the enthusiasm of the vast majority of people and promoting long-term development. In the process of comprehensively deepening reform, we must adhere to the systems concept and correctly handle the relationship between independence and openness. On the one hand, we must adhere to independence and self-reliance, avoid excessive dependence on external forces, and firmly keep core elements in our own hands. On the other hand, we must adhere to expanding openness, refrain from working behind closed doors, strengthen international exchange and cooperation, accelerate the construction of a mechanism for benign circulation in which the domestic cycle is the mainstay and the international and domestic dual cycles are interdependent and mutually reinforcing, and continuously expand the breadth and depth of Chinese-path modernization. In summary, we must adhere to the systems concept to provide scientific methodological support for comprehensively deepening reform and advancing Chinese-path modernization.

系统观念是马克思主义方法论的体现，也是中国共产党人的工作方法之一。当前全面深化改革全面发力、多点突破、纵深推进。要以全面深化改革来推进中国式现代化就必须坚持系统观念。在全面深化改革过程中，我们要坚持系统观念，正确处理好顶层设计与实践探索的关系。我们进行顶层设计，既要符合时代要求，从宏观出发，站在整个国家的高度谋篇布局；又要符合人民需求，从微观出发进行精心设计；还要符合现实需求，从中观实践出发，探索经济社会发展规律，使政策体现时代性、人民性、规律性，从而推进中国式现代化。在全面深化改革过程中，我们要坚持系统观念，正确处理好效率与公平的关系。效率是公平的条件，没有效率的公平缺乏根基、难以持续；公平是效率前提，没有公平的效率不可持久。全面深化改革，推进中国式现代化，既要做大“蛋糕”，也要分好“蛋糕”，才能更好地维护社会公平，同时调动绝大多数人的积极性，促进长期发展。在全面深化改革过程中，我们要坚持系统观念，处理好独立与开放的关系。一方面要坚持独立自主，不能过度依赖外部，要把核心要件牢牢掌握在自己手中；另一方面要坚持扩大开放，不搞闭门造车，加强国际交流合作，要加快构建以国内大循环为主体，推动国际国内双循环相互依存、相互促进良性流通机制，不断拓展中国式现代化的广度、深度。总之，我们要坚持系统观念，为全面深化改革推进中国式现代化提供科学的方法论支持。

Reviewing history and focusing on reality, it is not difficult to find that the Chinese Communists have always adhered to a people-centered approach, remained true to their original aspiration and founding mission, and advanced courageously. Through various reforms, they have injected new vitality into national development and provided a strong guarantee for China’s path to modernization. On the New Era [2]2 The New Era refers to the period beginning with the 19th National Congress of the CPC in 2017, characterized by the establishment of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as the guiding ideology. and the new journey, the development opportunities and challenges we face coexist. Looking globally, changes unseen in a century are accelerating across the world; surveying domestically, social development still faces many problems. Advancing the building of a strong country comprehensively through Chinese-path modernization and achieving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is indeed a long and arduous task. Therefore, we must adhere to further comprehensively deepening reform, and strive together to write a new chapter of Chinese-path modernization and achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation!

回顾历史、着眼现实，我们不难发现，中国共产党人始终坚持以人民为中心，不忘初心、勇毅前行，通过各种变革为国家发展注入了新的活力，为中国的现代化道路提供了坚强的保障。新时代、新征程上，我们面临的发展机遇和挑战并存，放眼全球，世界百年未有之大变局加速演进；纵观国内，社会发展仍面临着诸多问题，以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、实现中华民族伟大复兴可谓是任重道远。因此，我们更要坚持进一步全面深化改革，为奋力谱写中国式现代化新篇章，实现中华民族伟大复兴而共同奋斗！

Author’s brief introduction: Tian Zundai, male, native of Puyang, Henan Province, researcher at the Party School of the Puyang Municipal Committee of the CPC. Research directions: Marxist philosophy, adapting Marxism to the Chinese context.

作者简介：田尊代，男，河南濮阳人，中共濮阳市委党校研究员。研究方向为马克思主义哲学、马克思主义中国化。

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