The Important Value and Significance of Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought in the Process of Chinese-Path Modernization

Chinese-path modernization is a modernization in which material civilization and cultural-ethical progress are coordinated, and cultural construction and cultural-ethical progress complement and promote each other; the modernization of culture is the top priority in the process of Chinese-path modernization. Therefore, the success or failure of cultural construction is the key to determining the success or failure of Chinese-path modernization. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has attached great importance to propaganda, ideological and cultural work and ideological work, continuously opening up new prospects for China’s cultural construction and accumulating valuable experience for the CPC’s cultural construction cause. A series of important conferences held in the New Era, such as the National Conference on Propaganda and Ideological Work and the National Conference on Propaganda, Ideological and Cultural Work, have made overall arrangements for various fields including philosophy and social sciences, ideological and political education, cultural inheritance and development, news and public opinion, online information, and literature and art, constructing an overall layout for the coordinated development of socialist cultural undertakings and cultural industries, and organically integrating the content of the Party’s various cultural work into a broad category of cultural work. At the National Conference on Propaganda, Ideological and Cultural Work held in 2023, the Party Central Committee formally proposed Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought. This is a key

中国式现代化是物质文明与精神文明相协调的现代化，文化建设与精神文明建设相辅相成、相互促进，文化的现代化是中国式现代化进程的重中之重。因此，文化建设的成败是决定中国式现代化成败的关键。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央高度重视宣传思想文化工作、意识形态工作，不断开辟我国文化建设新局面，为中国共产党文化建设事业积累了宝贵经验。新时代召开的全国宣传思想工作会议和全国宣传思想文化工作会议等一系列重要会议，对哲学社会科学、思想政治教育、文化传承发展、新闻舆论、网络信息、文艺等各个领域进行了整体部署，构建起了社会主义文化事业与文化产业协同发展的总体布局，党的各项文化工作内容有机结合为一个大文化工作的范畴。在2023年召开的全国宣传思想文化工作会议上，党中央正式提出习近平文化思想，这是中国共产党文化建设事业上的关键节点，对推动社会主义文化建设具有重要意义。在全面推进中国式现代化的进程中，习近平文化思想不仅给予中国式现代化强大的思想文化支撑，引领中国式现代化的正确价值观方向，而且强化了中国式现代化的意识形态保障，提升了中国式现代化的文化发展优势，极大地推动了中国式现代化的又好又快发展，对以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业具有重要的时代价值和深远意义。

I. Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought Provides Powerful Ideological and Cultural Support for Chinese-Path Modernization: Furnishing Rich Cultural Nourishment and Cultivating a Deep Cultural Foundation

一、习近平文化思想给予中国式现代化强大的思想文化支撑：提供丰富文化滋养，厚植深厚文化底蕴

Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought is the theoretical summation of Xi Jinping’s experience in leading the Party’s cultural construction since the 18th National Congress of the CPC [1]1 The 18th National Congress of the CPC was held in 2012, marking the beginning of the New Era under Xi Jinping’s leadership., and it is the guiding ideology for building a socialist cultural power on the new journey of the New Era [2]2 The “New Era” refers to the period of socialism with Chinese characteristics beginning with the 19th National Congress of the CPC in 2017.. “The prosperity of a country or a nation is always sustained by cultural flourishing.” [3]3 A quotation from Xi Jinping, often cited in his speeches on cultural development. “A person cannot stand without spirit; a country cannot be strong without spirit.” [4]4 A common Chinese saying, frequently used by Xi Jinping to emphasize the importance of spirit and culture. Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought emphasizes the key supporting role of culture in national construction and national rejuvenation, serving as an important theoretical support for the construction of Chinese-path cultural modernization. Therefore, under the guidance of Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought, by promoting cultural confidence and self-strengthening, providing richer cultural nourishment, cultivating a deep cultural foundation for a strong socialist modernized country, and furnishing powerful ideological and cultural support for Chinese-path modernization, this is an inevitable choice on the new journey of the New Era.

习近平文化思想是党的十八大以来习近平领导党的文化建设经验的理论总结，是新时代新征程上社会主义文化强国建设的指导思想。“一个国家、一个民族的强盛，总是以文化兴盛为支撑的。” “人无精神则不立，国无精神则不强。”习近平文化思想强调文化在国家建设与民族复兴中的关键性支撑作用，是中国式文化现代化建设的重要理论支撑。因此，在习近平文化思想的指导下，通过推进文化自信自强，提供更丰富的文化滋养，厚植社会主义现代化强国的深厚文化底蕴，给予中国式现代化强大的思想文化支撑，是新时代新征程上的必然选择。

Inheriting and developing fine traditional Chinese culture is an important aspect of promoting cultural confidence and self-strengthening, and adhering to the inheritance and development of fine traditional Chinese culture is precisely a consistent and important principle of the CPC in leading the construction of socialist culture, as well as an important content of Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, Xi Jinping has repeatedly emphasized the need to “establish historical thinking and inherit fine traditional Chinese culture.” [5]5 A directive from Xi Jinping, emphasizing the need for a historical perspective in cultural work. On the basis of the practice of socialist cultural construction in the New Era, Xi Jinping innovatively put forward the important thesis of the “Second Integration” [6]6 The “Second Integration” refers to the integration of Marxism with China’s fine traditional culture, as distinct from the first integration with China’s concrete realities., particularly emphasizing that “to uphold and develop Marxism, it must be integrated with China’s fine traditional culture.” [7]7 A key statement from Xi Jinping, formalized in the resolution of the 20th National Congress of the CPC in Elevating the integration of Marxism with fine traditional Chinese culture to a level parallel with the integration of Marxism with China’s concrete realities further highlights the important status of fine traditional Chinese culture. Studying Xi Jinping’s relevant expositions on socialist cultural construction reveals that he often admonishes us to pay attention to the study of Chinese history and the inheritance of fine traditional culture. He emphasizes: “Both history and reality show that a nation that abandons or betrays its own history and culture cannot only fail to develop but is also likely to stage a historical tragedy.” [8]8 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the National Conference on Propaganda and Ideological Work” (August 19, 2013), in *Excerpts from Xi Jinping’s Discussion on the Overall Strict Governance of the Party*, Central Party Literature Press, 2016, p. 22. This warns us to have full respect and affirmation for fine traditional Chinese culture, and to truly recognize its spiritual support and moral nourishment for the entire people. Integrating the basic principles of Marxism with China’s fine traditional culture can not only advance adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times [9]9 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the National Conference on Propaganda and Ideological Work” (August 19, 2013), in *Excerpts from Xi Jinping’s Discussion on the Overall Strict Governance of the Party*, Central Party Literature Press, 2016, p. 22. but also promote the further modernization of fine traditional Chinese culture. The new cultural form formed by the integration of the two can better meet the needs of building a socialist cultural power in the New Era and adapt to the cultural development process of Chinese-path modernization.

继承发展中华优秀传统文化是推动文化自信自强的重要方面，而坚持继承发展中华优秀传统文化正是中国共产党在领导社会主义文化建设过程中一以贯之的重要原则，也是习近平文化思想的重要内容。党的十八大以来，习近平反复强调要“确立历史思维，传承中华优秀传统文化”。在新时代社会主义文化建设实践的基础上，习近平创新性地提出了“第二个结合”这一重要论断，特别强调“坚持和发展马克思主义，必须同中华优秀传统文化相结合”。将马克思主义与中华优秀传统文化相结合上升到和马克思主义与中国具体实际相结合并列的高度，更加突出了中华优秀传统文化的重要地位。研究习近平关于社会主义文化建设的相关论述可以发现，他常常告诫我们，要注重对中国历史的研究和对优秀传统文化的传承。他强调：“历史和现实都表明，一个抛弃了或者背叛了自己历史文化的民族，不仅不可能发展起来，而且很可能上演一场历史悲剧。”这警示我们要对中华优秀传统文化怀有充分的尊重和肯定，真正认识到中华优秀传统文化对全体人民的精神支撑和道德滋养。将马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化相结合，不仅能够推进马克思主义的中国化时代化，而且能够推动中华优秀传统文化的进一步现代化，二者结合形成的新的文化形态，能够更好地适应新时代社会主义文化强国建设的需要，适应中国式现代化的文化发展进程。

Regarding the specific work direction for the inheritance and development of fine traditional Chinese culture, Xi Jinping formally proposed in his report to the 19th National Congress of the CPC [10]10 *Excerpts from Xi Jinping’s Discussion on the Overall Strict Governance of the Party*, Central Party Literature Press, 2016, p. 23. to “uphold creative transformation and innovative development.” [11]11 The "Seven Focal Efforts" (七个着力) are a set of seven key tasks for propaganda, thought, and cultural work articulated by Xi Jinping in instructions on the work in 2023. They are a numbered slogan within the framework of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture. Subsequently, in his report to the 20th National Congress of the CPC [12]12 The New Era (新时代) refers to the period beginning with the 19th National Congress of the CPC in 2017, characterized by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era., he pointed out that “fine traditional Chinese culture has undergone creative transformation and innovative development, and cultural undertakings are increasingly flourishing,” [13]13 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Forum on Literature and Art Work” (2014). which both affirms the great achievements of the creative transformation and innovative development of fine traditional Chinese culture in the New Era and explains the important role of inheriting and developing fine traditional Chinese culture in cultural construction in the New Era. At the same time, Xi Jinping emphasizes: “To promote fine traditional Chinese culture, it is necessary to properly handle the relationship between inheritance and creative development, with a focus on achieving creative transformation and innovative development.” [14]14 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the National Conference on Propaganda, Ideology, and Culture Work” (2023). Among these, the essence of “properly handling the relationship between inheritance and creative development” is to use the basic principles of Marxism to transform fine traditional Chinese culture. This transformation is not about changing what is “wrong” into what is “right,” but about changing what is “good” into what is “useful.” We must take the basic principles of Marxism as a powerful tool for transforming fine traditional Chinese culture, making it adapt to the needs of socialist social reality. We must draw on the ideological wisdom from fine traditional Chinese culture that is useful and usable for socialist construction in the New Era, transform it using Marxist positions, viewpoints, and methods, so that it serves socialist modernization and promotes the development process of Chinese-path modernization. Xi Jinping emphasizes: “The continuous development of the Chinese nation, its ability to endure repeated setbacks and rise from the ashes time and again, is inseparable from the powerful support of Chinese culture.” [15]15 The “Four Histories” (四史) refers to the history of the CPC, the history of New China, the history of reform and opening up, and the history of the development of socialism. Therefore, Xi Jinping’s thought on the “Second Integration,” as one of the important cores of Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought, is not only Xi Jinping’s theoretical and practical innovation in inheriting and developing fine traditional Chinese culture but also a major theoretical innovation of Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought, another historic leap in the CPC’s theory of cultural construction, and an inevitable requirement for comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization.

关于中华优秀传统文化传承与发展的具体工作方向，习近平在党的十九大报告中正式提出要“坚持创造性转化、创新性发展”，之后，他在党的二十大报告中指出“中华优秀传统文化得到创造性转化、创新性发展，文化事业日益繁荣”，既肯定了新时代中华优秀传统文化创造性转化、创新性发展的巨大成绩，也说明了传承发展中华优秀传统文化对新时代文化建设的重要作用。同时，习近平强调：“弘扬中华优秀传统文化，要处理好继承和创造性发展的关系，重点做好创造性转化和创新性发展。”其中，“处理好继承和创造性发展的关系”的本质是用马克思主义基本原理对中华优秀传统文化加以改造，这种改造并不是把“错的”改为“对的”，而是把“好的”改为“有用的”。我们要把马克思主义基本原理作为改造中华优秀传统文化的有力工具，使之适应于社会主义社会现实的需要。我们要汲取中华优秀传统文化中对新时代社会主义建设有用的、可用的思想智慧，以马克思主义的立场、观点和方法对其加以改造，使之服务于社会主义现代化建设，推动中国式现代化的发展进程。习近平强调：“中华民族生生不息绵延发展、饱受挫折又不断浴火重生，都离不开中华文化的有力支撑。”因此，习近平关于“第二个结合”的思想作为习近平文化思想的重要核心之一，不仅是习近平关于传承发展中华优秀传统文化的理论创新与实践创新，也是习近平文化思想的一次重大理论创新，是中国共产党文化建设理论的又一次历史性飞跃，是以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设和民族复兴伟业的必然要求。

Furthermore, the flourishing development of socialist cultural undertakings can not only promote cultural confidence and self-strengthening, providing ideological and cultural support for Chinese-path modernization, but also enrich the people’s spiritual and cultural life, assist in cultural-ethical progress, and provide abundant cultural nourishment for Chinese-path modernization. Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought contains relevant ideas on developing socialist cultural undertakings; these ideas guide the correct development direction of our country’s socialist cultural undertakings and promote the vigorous development of cultural undertakings and the cultural industry. Xi Jinping has always adhered to the “Double Hundred” policy of “letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend” and the “Two For” direction of “serving the people and serving socialism” in cultural construction, insisting on the organic unity of the two, and promoting a comprehensive and fundamental historical transformation in China’s cultural sphere. He has simultaneously emphasized the “Double Hundred” policy and the “Two For” direction, pointing out that “we must adhere to the policy of letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend” and that “for literature and art to reflect the people’s hearts, they must adhere to the fundamental direction of serving the people and serving socialism… Only by firmly establishing a Marxist view of literature and art and truly achieving a people-centered approach can literature and art exert their greatest positive energy.” [8]8 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the National Conference on Propaganda and Ideological Work” (August 19, 2013), in *Excerpts from Xi Jinping’s Discussion on the Overall Strict Governance of the Party*, Central Party Literature Press, 2016, p. 22. The “Double Hundred” policy has created a favorable political ecology in the cultural sphere, granting broad space for development to cultural undertakings and the cultural industry in the New Era, and promoting fuller development and prosperity of our country’s cultural undertakings and cultural industry. The “Two For” direction can effectively ensure the correct development direction of cultural undertakings, always staying on course and not losing the way, always serving socialism and all the Chinese people, and ensuring that the Party does not change its nature and that the red river and mountains do not change color. Therefore, we must adhere to the unity of the “Double Hundred” policy and the “Two For” direction, and adhere to the correct guidance of Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought; this determines the fundamental direction of the future and destiny of our country’s cultural development and cultural modernization.

此外，社会主义文化事业的繁荣发展不仅能够推进文化自信自强，为中国式现代化提供思想文化支撑，而且能够丰富人民的精神文化生活，助力精神文明建设，为中国式现代化提供丰富的文化滋养。习近平文化思想中蕴含着关于发展社会主义文化事业的相关思想，这些思想指导着我国社会主义文化事业的正确发展方向，推动着文化事业与文化产业的蓬勃发展。习近平始终坚持文化建设中“百花齐放、百家争鸣”的“双百”方针和“为人民服务、为社会主义服务”的“二为”方向，坚持二者的有机统一，推动中国文化领域发生了全局性、根本性的历史巨变。他同时对“双百”方针和“二为”方向进行了强调，指出“要坚持百花齐放、百家争鸣的方针”，“文艺要反映好人民心声，就要坚持为人民服务、为社会主义服务这个根本方向……只有牢固树立马克思主义文艺观，真正做到了以人民为中心，文艺才能发挥最大正能量”。 “双百”方针为文化领域创造了良好政治生态，给予新时代的文化事业、文化产业广阔的发展空间，促进了我国文化事业与文化产业更加充分的发展与繁荣，“二为”方向则能够有效保证文化事业的正确发展方向，始终不偏航、不迷航，始终服务于社会主义、服务于全体中国人民，确保党不变质、红色江山不变色。因此，我们必须坚持“双百”方针和“二为”方向相统一，坚持习近平文化思想的正确指导，这决定了我国文化发展与文化现代化建设前途命运的根本方向。

On the basis of adhering to the unity of the “Double Hundred” policy and the “Two For” direction, Xi Jinping put forward the important principle of literary and artistic work of a people-centered creative orientation. In the report to the 19th National Congress of the CPC, he emphasized: “We must adhere to serving the people and serving socialism, adhere to letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend, adhere to creative transformation and innovative development, and continuously forge new brilliance in Chinese culture.” [9]9 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the National Conference on Propaganda and Ideological Work” (August 19, 2013), in *Excerpts from Xi Jinping’s Discussion on the Overall Strict Governance of the Party*, Central Party Literature Press, 2016, p. 22. “Socialist literature and art are the literature and art of the people; we must adhere to a people-centered creative orientation, and carry out literary and artistic creation worthy of the times by going deep into life and taking root among the people.” [10]10 *Excerpts from Xi Jinping’s Discussion on the Overall Strict Governance of the Party*, Central Party Literature Press, 2016, p. 23. This not only emphasizes that literary and artistic work must truly be people-centered, but also clarifies the question of how to achieve being people-centered. In the report to the 20th National Congress of the CPC, he further emphasized: “Flourish cultural undertakings and the cultural industry. Adhere to a people-centered creative orientation, and produce more excellent works that enhance the people’s spiritual strength.” [11]11 The "Seven Focal Efforts" (七个着力) are a set of seven key tasks for propaganda, thought, and cultural work articulated by Xi Jinping in instructions on the work in 2023. They are a numbered slogan within the framework of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture. Xi Jinping has repeatedly emphasized the “Double Hundred” policy, the “Two For” direction, and the people-centered creative orientation together, indicating that these three are a closely linked unified whole. To develop cultural undertakings and the cultural industry, these three must be unified and adhered to and implemented well, in order to truly do a good job of cultural construction in the New Era and promote the building of a socialist cultural power. The guidance of Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought for China’s cultural construction is not only epoch-making in the history of cultural construction of the People’s Republic of China and in the history of cultural construction of the Communist Party of China, but also has great significance in promoting the historical process of China’s modernization; it is the guiding ideology of Chinese-path cultural modernization.

在坚持“双百”方针和“二为”方向相统一的基础上，习近平提出以人民为中心的创作导向这一重要文艺工作原则。在党的十九大报告中，他强调：“要坚持为人民服务、为社会主义服务，坚持百花齐放、百家争鸣，坚持创造性转化、创新性发展，不断铸就中华文化新辉煌。” “社会主义文艺是人民的文艺，必须坚持以人民为中心的创作导向，在深入生活、扎根人民中进行无愧于时代的文艺创造。”这不仅强调了文艺工作要真正做到以人民为中心，同时也阐明了如何做到以人民为中心的问题。在党的二十大报告中，他进一步强调：“繁荣发展文化事业和文化产业。坚持以人民为中心的创作导向，推出更多增强人民精神力量的优秀作品。”习近平多次将坚持“双百”方针、“二为”方向和坚持以人民为中心的创作导向一同强调，表明这三者是紧密联系的统一整体，发展文化事业与文化产业必须将这三者统一起来并坚持好、贯彻好，才能真正做好新时代文化建设工作，推动社会主义文化强国建设。习近平文化思想对中国文化建设的指导不仅在中华人民共和国文化建设史上、在中国共产党文化建设史上具有划时代意义，在中国现代化的历史进程中也具有极大的推动意义，是中国式文化现代化的指导思想。

II. Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought Guides the Correct Value Direction of Chinese-Path Modernization: Resisting Erroneous Value Concepts, Removing Value Concept Obstacles

二、习近平文化思想引领中国式现代化的正确价值观方向：抵制错误价值观念，破除价值观念障碍

To comprehensively advance the building of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation through Chinese-path modernization, a strong material foundation in reality is needed, but even more so, a powerful spiritual and cultural force. One of the important missions of the national cultural construction undertaking guided by Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought is to guide the correct value direction of Chinese-path modernization. Xi Jinping believes: “Value concepts play a central role in a given society’s culture; the influence of culture is first and foremost the influence of value concepts.” [12]12 The New Era (新时代) refers to the period beginning with the 19th National Congress of the CPC in 2017, characterized by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. For a nation to stand at the forefront of the times, it must be guided by correct values. Only by occupying the commanding heights of value struggles and ideological struggles can we truly unify thought, strengthen confidence, and gather the mighty force of unity of will. At the same time, he also points out: “Cultural struggle is essentially a struggle over value concepts, and also a struggle for people’s hearts and ideology. As the saying goes, ‘Strength and weakness in a moment depend on force; victory and defeat through the ages depend on principle.’ First, we must fight this hard battle over value concepts.” [13]13 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Forum on Literature and Art Work” (2014). The success or failure of Chinese-path modernization is by no means a matter of “strength and weakness in a moment,” but rather “victory and defeat through the ages.” Therefore, always maintaining the correct value direction is the key to comprehensively advancing Chinese-path modernization. The correct value direction of Chinese-path modernization must be guided by Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought.

以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业，需要强大的现实物质基础，更需要强大的精神文化力量。以习近平文化思想为指导的国家文化建设事业的重要使命之一就是引领中国式现代化的正确价值观方向。习近平认为：“价值观念在一定社会的文化中是起中轴作用的，文化的影响力首先是价值观念的影响力。”一个民族要走在时代前列，就必须有正确的价值观指引，只有占领价值之争、意识形态之争的制高点，才能真正做到统一思想、坚定信心，凝聚起万众一心的磅礴力量。同时他也指出：“文化之争，本质上是价值观念之争，也是人心之争、意识形态之争，正所谓‘一时之强弱在力，千古之胜负在理’。首先要打好价值观念之争这场硬仗。”中国式现代化的成败绝不是“一时之强弱”，而是“千古之胜负”，因此，始终保持正确的价值观方向是全面推进中国式现代化的关键，中国式现代化的正确价值观方向要靠习近平文化思想引领。

As an open and continuously unfolding ideological system, Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought emphasizes the important role of core socialist values, and on the basis of the great practice of the New Era, continuously summarizes and deepens the understanding and experience of building the socialist core value system, strengthens value confidence, and forms a correct and firm direction of socialist values under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. Chinese-path modernization is socialist modernization led by the Communist Party of China. Therefore, Chinese-path modernization must always adhere to the Party’s leadership and adhere to the guidance of Marxism; this is the most fundamental direction of Chinese-path modernization and the most important principle of Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought. The issue of “color revolution” is one that Xi Jinping has always paid attention to and

作为一个开放式的、不断展开的思想体系，习近平文化思想强调社会主义核心价值观的重要作用，并在新时代伟大实践的基础上不断总结、深化建设社会主义核心价值体系的认识与经验，坚定价值自信，形成了中国共产党领导下正确而坚定的社会主义价值观方向。中国式现代化是中国共产党领导的社会主义现代化，因此，中国式现代化必须始终坚持党的领导，坚持以马克思主义为指导，这是中国式现代化的最根本方向，也是习近平文化思想的最重要原则。“颜色革命”问题是习近平一直关注、警惕的问题，他指出：“各种敌对势力一直企图在我国制造‘颜色革命’，妄图颠覆中国共产党领导和我国社会主义制度。这是我国政权安全面临的现实危险。”我们现在面临的重要问题是在复杂尖锐的国际国内环境下争取意识形态斗争的主动权，坚决批驳西方的“普世价值”等错误思潮，守住国家安全防线，坚持住党的领导、坚持发展社会主义。这是国家发展与政权安全的底线，也是推进中国式现代化进程必须坚守的正确方向。在党的二十大报告中，习近平强调要“建设具有强大凝聚力和引领力的社会主义意识形态”“牢牢掌握党对意识形态工作领导权”。习近平文化思想更是明确提出“七个着力”，这都是关于坚持党的领导、坚持以马克思主义为指导的重要举措，也是习近平文化思想的重要内容。在习近平文化思想的指导下，越来越多的人将坚持党的领导、坚持以马克思主义为指导内化为思想自觉和行动自觉。

Since the New Era, Xi Jinping has emphasized: “History tells us that only through exchange and mutual learning can a civilization be full of vitality.” Therefore, we must continuously enhance our country’s national cultural soft power through exchange and mutual learning, resolutely oppose and thoroughly break with the “theory of Western civilizational centrality,” and transcend civilizational estrangement and conflict through civilizational exchange and mutual learning, so as to promote the great development and flourishing of socialist culture. “We must on no account ‘learn the Handan walk only to lose our own gait.’[8]8 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the National Conference on Propaganda and Ideological Work” (August 19, 2013), in *Excerpts from Xi Jinping’s Discussion on the Overall Strict Governance of the Party*, Central Party Literature Press, 2016, p. 22. What we are doing is adapting Marxism to the Chinese context, that is, building socialism with Chinese characteristics.” This reminds us that we must never blindly believe in or be superstitious about the West; we must, in cultural construction, be vigilant against and guard against the value penetration and ideological penetration brought about by Western cultural infiltration, and strengthen our cultural confidence, value confidence, and ideological confidence. To comprehensively advance the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization, we must resolutely resist all erroneous value concepts that oppose or deviate from socialism, and resolutely break down the value-concept obstacles that hinder the smooth progress of Chinese-path modernization. Different value concepts determine different directions and paths of modernization development. The different value orientations of socialism and capitalism constitute the fundamental distinction between Chinese-path modernization and Western modernization. The direction and path of modernization development under the domination of capitalist value concepts is a development model in which politics, the economy, and even people are dominated by capital. This leads to every detail of the modernization development process revealing capital’s pursuit of maximum profit, resulting in the alienation of people, and thus giving rise to a series of irreconcilable contradictions in the process of Western modernization. In contrast to Western modernization, Chinese-path modernization is a socialist development direction and path that adheres to the Marxist stance, viewpoint, and method, is guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, follows the people-centered value orientation, takes the need for people’s all-round development as its ultimate concern, and thereby promotes people’s all-round development. Therefore, we must adhere to the value guidance of Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought for Chinese-path modernization, and always uphold the basic stance of struggling against Western capitalist value concepts.

新时代以来，习近平强调：“历史告诉我们，只有交流互鉴，一种文明才能充满生命力。”因此，我们要在交流互鉴中不断提高我国的国家文化软实力，坚决反对和彻底破除“西方文明中心论”，以文明交流、互鉴超越文明隔阂、冲突，推动社会主义文化大发展大繁荣。“我们千万不能‘邯郸学步，失其故行’。我们就是把马克思主义中国化，就是搞中国特色社会主义。”这提醒我们决不能盲信、迷信西方，一定要在文化建设中警惕、防范西方文化渗透所带来的价值观念渗透、意识形态渗透，坚定我们的文化自信、价值自信、意识形态自信。以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业，必须坚决抵制一切与社会主义相对立、相背离的错误价值观念，坚决破除制约中国式现代化顺利推进的价值观念障碍。不同的价值观念决定了不同的现代化发展方向和发展道路，社会主义与资本主义的不同价值方向是中国式现代化与西方现代化的根本区别。资本主义价值观念支配下的现代化发展方向和发展道路是政治、经济甚至人都受资本支配的发展模式，这导致现代化发展过程的各个细节都暴露出资本对利益最大化的追求，导致人的异化，从而导致西方现代化过程中产生一系列不可调和的矛盾。与西方现代化相反，中国式现代化是坚持马克思主义立场、观点和方法，以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导的社会主义发展方向和发展道路，遵循以人民为中心的价值指向，将人的全面发展需要作为终极关怀，进而推动人的全面发展。因此，我们必须坚持习近平文化思想对中国式现代化的价值指引，始终坚持与西方资本主义价值观念做斗争的基本立场。

On the new journey of the New Era, peace and development are the main themes. The main form of struggle in today’s society is no longer armed struggle, but rather a struggle over value concepts and an ideological struggle; the ultimate goal of the struggle is to win over people’s hearts. Xi Jinping has always had

在新时代新征程上，和平与发展是主旋律，当今社会的主要斗争形式不再是武装斗争，而是价值观念之争、意识形态斗争，斗争的最终目的是争夺人心。习近平一直勇于直面思想文化领域长期累积的一些矛盾与问题，并清醒地认识到党的十八大之前“党内和社会上不少人对党和国家前途忧心忡忡”的严峻现实。在党的二十届一中全会上，他强调要增强斗争精神：“历史反复证明，以斗争求安全则安全存，以妥协求安全则安全亡；以斗争谋发展则发展兴，以妥协谋发展则发展衰。”这警示即使在和平发展年代，斗争精神在推进中国式现代化进程中依然发挥着重要作用。并且他还指出：“推进中国式现代化，是一项前无古人的开创性事业，必然会遇到各种可以预料和难以预料的风险挑战、艰难险阻甚至惊涛骇浪，必须增强忧患意识，坚持底线思维，居安思危、未雨绸缪，敢于斗争、善于斗争，通过顽强斗争打开事业发展新天地。”在推进中国式现代化的历史进程中，习近平更加重视敢于斗争、善于斗争的极端重要性。敢于斗争、善于斗争是习近平文化思想的最重要精髓之一，我们要通过敢于斗争、善于斗争来防范化解中国式现代化进程中面临的各种风险挑战，特别是思想文化领域、意识形态领域的风险挑战。并且，要把敢于斗争、善于斗争贯穿于中国式现代化进程的整个过程和不同方面。由此，习近平文化思想对中国式现代化进程的指导主要在于文化建设方面，但又不仅仅局限于文化建设方面，其对中国式现代化各个领域的发展都具有价值引领作用，为中国式现代化的全面推进提供了正确的价值观方向，展现出比资本主义更强大的价值自信

III. Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought Strengthens the Ideological Guarantee for Chinese-Path Modernization: Simultaneously Establishing and Refuting to Safeguard Security and Ensure the Correct Direction and Path

三、习近平文化思想强化中国式现代化的意识形态保障：立破并举维护安全，确保正确方向道路

The comprehensive advancement of Chinese-path modernization is carried out in an open international environment. Certain Western countries, represented by the United States, have long engaged in ideological infiltration and peaceful evolution against China internationally. In recent years, in particular, they have launched one ideological offensive, siege, and even encirclement campaign after another against China. Domestically, reactionary, decadent, and backward feudalist and capitalist ideologies have resurfaced and repeatedly run rampant after reform and opening up. Some corrupt and degenerate elements within the Party have not only engaged in economic corruption and degeneration but have also, politically and ideologically, taken a stand against Marxism, communism, and socialism. Moreover, various hostile forces inside and outside the Party and at home and abroad collude and cooperate with each other. These circumstances determine that safeguarding ideological security is the key and top priority in comprehensively advancing Chinese-path modernization. On the new journey of the New Era, we must not only seize strategic opportunities but also respond to multiple risks and challenges, especially ideological risks and challenges, to ensure the steady progress of the cause of Chinese-path modernization. The comprehensive advancement of Chinese-path modernization cannot be separated from a strong ideological guarantee. One of the important values and significances of Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought is that it strengthens the ideological guarantee for Chinese-path modernization, providing scientific theoretical guidance and a firm ideological guarantee for comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization. Facing a complex ideological environment, Xi Jinping clearly emphasized in 2013 that “ideological work is an extremely important task for the Party.” [8]8 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the National Conference on Propaganda and Ideological Work” (August 19, 2013), in *Excerpts from Xi Jinping’s Discussion on the Overall Strict Governance of the Party*, Central Party Literature Press, 2016, p. 22. This important thesis elucidates the important position of ideological work in all the Party’s tasks. He further emphasized: “Ideological work is the work of establishing the heart for the country and establishing the soul for the nation.” [9]9 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the National Conference on Propaganda and Ideological Work” (August 19, 2013), in *Excerpts from Xi Jinping’s Discussion on the Overall Strict Governance of the Party*, Central Party Literature Press, 2016, p. 22. Thus, it guides the entire Party, the entire military, and the people of all ethnic groups across the country to deeply recognize the extremely important and close relationship between ideological work and the Party, the country, and the nation, while also emphasizing the important role of doing a good job in ideological work in safeguarding national security and advancing the process of Chinese-path modernization. The core of the Party’s propaganda, ideological, and cultural work under the guidance of Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought is to build a socialist ideology with strong cohesion and leading power. “Ideology concerns the banner, concerns the path, and concerns national political security.” [10]10 *Excerpts from Xi Jinping’s Discussion on the Overall Strict Governance of the Party*, Central Party Literature Press, 2016, p. 23. Ideological security is not only an important component of national political security but also an important guarantee for realizing Chinese-path modernization. Whether ideological security can be maintained determines the success or failure of Chinese-path modernization.

中国式现代化的全面推进是在开放的国际环境下进行的，国际上以美国为代表的某些西方国家长期对中国进行意识形态渗透、和平演变，特别是近年来对中国发动了一次又一次的意识形态进攻、围攻甚至围剿，国内反动的、腐朽的、落后的封建主义、资本主义意识形态在改革开放后沉渣泛起并几度泛滥，党内一些腐败、变质分子不仅在经济上贪污腐化，更在政治上、意识形态上站到了马克思主义、共产主义、社会主义的对立面，并且，党内外、国内外各种敌对势力相互勾结、互相配合，这些情况决定了维护意识形态安全是全面推进中国式现代化的关键所在、重中之重。在新时代新征程上，我们不仅要把握战略机遇，也要应对多种风险挑战，特别是意识形态方面的风险挑战，确保中国式现代化事业稳步前进。中国式现代化的全面推进离不开强大的意识形态保障，习近平文化思想的重要价值意义之一就是强化了中国式现代化的意识形态保障，为以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业提供科学的理论指导、坚强的思想保证。面对复杂的意识形态环境，习近平在2013年就明确强调“意识形态工作是党的一项极端重要的工作”，这一重要论断阐明了意识形态工作在党的各项工作中的重要位置。此后他又进一步强调：“意识形态工作是为国家立心、为民族立魂的工作。”从而，引导全党、全军和全国各族人民深刻认识到意识形态工作和党、国家、民族之间极其重要而密切的关系，同时也强调了抓好意识形态工作对维护国家安全、推进中国式现代化进程的重要作用。习近平文化思想指导下的党的宣传思想文化工作，其核心就是建设具有强大凝聚力和引领力的社会主义意识形态。“意识形态关乎旗帜、关乎道路、关乎国家政治安全。”意识形态安全不仅是国家政治安全的重要组成部分，也是实现中国式现代化的一项重要保障，能否维护意识形态安全决定着中国式现代化的成败。

“Xi Jinping’s cultural thought is a constantly unfolding, open-ended system of thought that will inevitably be enriched and developed as practice deepens.” [11]11 The "Seven Focal Efforts" (七个着力) are a set of seven key tasks for propaganda, thought, and cultural work articulated by Xi Jinping in instructions on the work in 2023. They are a numbered slogan within the framework of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture. Xi Jinping’s cultural thought is in essence ideological thought, and the profound understanding of ideological construction it contains is likewise enriched and developed as practice deepens. In the practical struggles of the great New Era, Xi Jinping has come to recognize ever

“习近平文化思想是一个不断展开的、开放式的思想体系，必将随着实践深入不断丰富发展。”习近平文化思想本质上是意识形态思想，其所蕴含的对于意识形态建设的深刻认识也是随着实践深入而不断丰富发展的。在新时代的伟大斗争实践中，习近平越来越深刻认识到文化建设与意识形态建设在建设社会主义现代化国家中的极端重要性。他在党的十九大报告中强调：“文化是一个国家、一个民族的灵魂。文化兴国运兴，文化强民族强。”这是强调文化建设是社会主义现代化强国建设的重要基石，是新时代新征程上我们能够完成且必须完成的时代重任。直面党内外、国内外存在的诸多意识形态风险挑战，习近平就做好新时代的意识形态工作、宣传思想文化工作发表了一系列重要讲话、文章，做出了多次重要批示、指示，对错误思想、认识、做法等坚决进行纠偏纠错，唤起了全党对意识形态工作、宣传思想文化工作的高度重视，将全党对意识形态工作、宣传思想文化工作的重视提升到一个前所未有的新高度。他站在国家政权安全的高度强调意识形态工作的极端重要性，指出了意识形态安全在整个国家安全中的重要地位，“掌控网络意识形态主导权，就是守护国家的主权和政权”，并特别剖析了网络意识形态斗争的重要性、复杂性、艰巨性，以此来警示全党，通过一系列要求、部署让全党深刻认识到这一点并积极行动起来。2014年，中央网络安全和信息化领导小组正式成立，习近平任组长，这标志着网络安全成为我国国家安全的重要组成部分。这些都提醒全党，互联网是以美国为代表的资本主义国家对社会主义国家进行意识形态渗透、和平演变的主渠道、主战场，是新时代意识形态斗争的主阵地、最前沿，我们必须从国家政权安全、政治安全的高度来重视网络意识形态斗争，把意识形态安全和文化安全作为维护国家安全的重要内容，全党动手、全民动手来协力抓好意识形态工作。

Xi Jinping has not only emphasized the importance of national cultural security and ideological security, raising the entire Party’s attention to cultural construction and ideological work, but has also sounded the alarm for some Party cadres’ erroneous thinking and understanding. From clearly stating in 2014 that “never allow singing a different tune from the Central Committee, never allow eating the Party’s rice while smashing the Party’s pot,” to stressing in 2015 that “various hostile forces have been attempting to create ‘color revolutions’ in our country, vainly trying to overthrow the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party and our country’s socialist system. This is a real danger facing the security of our country’s political power,” these are all warnings he has issued regarding the political acumen and sense of responsibility of Party and government cadres, as well as the spread of erroneous trends of thought on major ideological issues.

习近平不仅强调国家文化安全与意识形态安全的重要性，提升了全党对文化建设与意识形态工作的重视，而且对一些党员干部的错误思想和认识敲响警钟。从2014年明确提出“绝不允许与中央唱反调，绝不允许吃共产党的饭、砸共产党的锅”，到2015年强调“各种敌对势力一直企图在我国制造‘颜色革命’，妄图颠覆中国共产党领导和我国社会主义制度。这是我国政权安全面临的现实危险”，这些都是他针对党政干部的政治敏锐性、责任感问题，以及重大意识形态问题上错误思潮蔓延现象所给予的警示。在习近平的高度重视与一再强调下，我们党的意识形态工作不断取得突破，扭转了党的十八大以前意识形态领域一度存在的乱象丛生的危险态势。他在党的十九大报告中肯定：“思想文化建设取得重大进展。”但同时也提醒全党要深刻认识到“意识形态领域斗争依然复杂，国家安全面临新情况”。在党的十九大之后，习近平继续高度重视意识形态工作。在2018年的全国宣传思想工作会议上他指出，“在实践中，我们不断深化对宣传思想工作的规律性认识，提出了一系列新思想新观点新论断，这就是坚持党对意识形态工作的领导权”。在习近平的不断强调、警示和亲自指挥下，在全党上下的共同努力下，党的二十大报告明确指出“意识形态领域形势发生全局性、根本性转变”，这是对党的十八大以来我国意识形态领域取得的伟大成就的充分肯定和极大褒奖，这个伟大成就为中国式现代化进程提供了坚强的意识形态保障，是确保中国式现代化事业始终沿着正确方向胜利前进的关键。

Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party and the state's ideological work and propaganda, thought, and cultural work have been mutually reinforcing, closely intertwined, highly overlapping, and deeply integrated. The formal proposal of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture is not only a major and important matter for propaganda, thought, and cultural work, but also a major and important matter for ideological work. Xi Jinping made important instructions on propaganda, thought, and cultural work, emphasizing: "Propaganda, thought, and cultural work concerns the future and destiny of the Party, concerns the long-term stability and security of the country, and concerns the cohesion and centripetal force of the nation; it is an extremely important task." In these important instructions, Xi Jinping explicitly put forward the major requirements of the "Seven Focal Efforts": "focus efforts on strengthening the Party's leadership over propaganda, thought, and cultural work; focus efforts on building a socialist ideology with strong cohesion and leading power; focus efforts on cultivating and practicing the core socialist values; focus efforts on enhancing the communication, guidance, influence, and credibility of news and public opinion; focus efforts on continuing the Chinese cultural lineage and promoting the creative transformation and innovative development of fine traditional Chinese culture; focus efforts on promoting the flourishing development of cultural undertakings and cultural industries; focus efforts on strengthening international communication capacity and promoting exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations." These "Seven Focal Efforts" are essentially all focused on ideology, and the first four points in particular make important deployments directly for work in the ideological sphere, possessing important guiding significance for ideological work. By "focusing efforts on strengthening the Party's leadership over propaganda, thought, and cultural work," firmly grasping the leadership, management, and discourse power of ideological work is the key to resisting the infiltration and suppression of Western ideology, responding to complex and acute ideological struggles, and preventing and defusing risks and challenges in the ideological field; by "focusing efforts on building a socialist ideology with strong cohesion and leading power," constructing a powerful ideological discourse system for the New Era, better unifying the thinking of the entire Party, the entire military, and the people of all ethnic groups across the country; by "focusing efforts on cultivating and practicing the core socialist values," consolidating the common value pursuits of all the people, forming a mighty force that embodies public opinion, gathers popular sentiment, and pools popular strength; by "focusing efforts on enhancing the communication, guidance, influence, and credibility of news and public opinion," ensuring the correct political direction and guidance of public opinion, further strengthening ideological confidence and achieving ideological self-reliance. The "Seven Focal Efforts" involve multiple aspects such as ideological security, ideological struggle, ideological construction, guidance of social public opinion, cultural confidence and self-reliance, and telling China's story well. Their purpose is to safeguard the security of socialist ideology and strengthen the ideological guarantee for the process of Chinese-path modernization.

党的十八大以来，党和国家的意识形态工作与宣传思想文化工作是相辅相成的，二者密切交织、高度重合、深度融合。习近平文化思想的正式提出，既是宣传思想文化工作的大事、要事，也是意识形态工作的大事、要事。习近平对宣传思想文化工作作出重要指示强调：“宣传思想文化工作事关党的前途命运，事关国家长治久安，事关民族凝聚力和向心力，是一项极端重要的工作。”在这次重要指示中，习近平明确提出了“七个着力”的重大要求，“着力加强党对宣传思想文化工作的领导，着力建设具有强大凝聚力和引领力的社会主义意识形态，着力培育和践行社会主义核心价值观，着力提升新闻舆论传播力引导力影响力公信力，着力赓续中华文脉、推动中华优秀传统文化创造性转化和创新性发展，着力推动文化事业和文化产业繁荣发展，着力加强国际传播能力建设、促进文明交流互鉴”。这“七个着力”本质上都聚焦意识形态，其中前四点更是直接对意识形态领域工作作出重要部署，对意识形态工作具有重要指导意义。通过“着力加强党对宣传思想文化工作的领导”，牢牢掌握意识形态工作的领导权、管理权、话语权，是抵御西方意识形态渗透打压、应对复杂尖锐的意识形态斗争、防范化解意识形态领域风险挑战的关键；通过“着力建设具有强大凝聚力和引领力的社会主义意识形态”，构建强大的新时代意识形态话语体系，更好地将全党、全军和全国各族人民的思想统一起来；通过“着力培育和践行社会主义核心价值观”，凝聚全体人民的共同价值追求，形成体现民意、凝聚民心、汇聚民力的磅礴力量；通过“着力提升新闻舆论传播力引导力影响力公信力”，确保正确政治方向和舆论导向，进一步坚定意识形态自信、实现意识形态自强。“七个着力”涉及了意识形态安全、意识形态斗争、意识形态建设、社会舆论导向、文化自信自强、讲好中国故事等多个方面，目的就是要维护社会主义意识形态安全，强化对中国式现代化进程的意识形态保障。

Ideology not only determines the cultural direction and development path of a country, but also determines the overall direction and development path of a country. In the process of Chinese-path modernization, we face a complex international and domestic situation and new tasks that urgently need to be resolved. This requires our Party to always adhere to the correct ideological direction and path, adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture for cultural construction and ideological construction, take multiple measures to do a good job of ideological work in the New Era, firmly grasp the leadership, management, and discourse power of ideological work, adopt practical and powerful measures to strengthen the ideological guarantee of Chinese-path modernization, further strengthen ideological confidence and promote ideological self-reliance, and provide a strong ideological guarantee and powerful spiritual force for comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation through Chinese-path modernization.

意识形态不仅决定了国家的文化前进方向、发展道路，更决定了国家的总体前进方向、发展道路。在中国式现代化的进程中，我们面临复杂的国际国内形势和亟待解决的新任务，这需要我们党始终坚持正确的意识形态方向和道路，坚持习近平文化思想对文化建设与意识形态建设的指导，多措并举抓好新时代意识形态工作，牢牢掌握意识形态工作的领导权、管理权、话语权，采取切实有力的举措强化中国式现代化的意识形态保障，进一步坚定意识形态自信、推进意识形态自强，为以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业提供坚强有力的思想保证和强大的精神力量。

IV. Xi Jinping Thought on Culture Enhances the Cultural Development Advantages of Chinese-Path Modernization: Taking Multiple Measures to Benefit the People, Moving Toward the World to Highlight Self-Reliance

四、习近平文化思想提升中国式现代化的文化发展优势：多措并举造福人民，走向世界凸显自强

As the latest achievement in adapting Marxist cultural theory to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, Xi Jinping’s cultural thought is extremely rich in connotation and profound in exposition. It is a theoretical summary of the Party’s experience in leading cultural construction in the New Era [1]1 The 18th National Congress of the CPC was held in 2012, marking the beginning of the New Era under Xi Jinping’s leadership. and holds important guiding significance for advancing cultural construction in Chinese-path modernization. Xi Jinping’s cultural thought is grounded in practice, comes from practice, and goes to practice. It can not only answer the practical questions in the cultural construction of Chinese-path modernization but also lead the high-quality development of socialist cultural construction. China’s cultural construction must revolve around the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation. One of its important missions is to provide favorable cultural conditions for the development of Chinese-path modernization. Xi Jinping’s cultural thought can effectively enhance the cultural development advantages of Chinese-path modernization and truly realize a Chinese-path modernization that coordinates material civilization and cultural-ethical progress.

作为马克思主义文化理论中国化时代化的最新成果，习近平文化思想的内涵十分丰富、论述极为深刻，是新时代党领导文化建设经验的理论总结，对推进中国式现代化的文化建设具有重要指导意义。习近平文化思想立足于实践，从实践中来，到实践中去，不仅能够回答中国式文化现代化建设中的现实问题，而且能够引领社会主义文化建设的高质量发展。中国的文化建设事业必须围绕强国建设、民族复兴伟业来展开，其重要使命之一就是为中国式现代化发展提供有利文化条件，习近平文化思想能够有效提升中国式现代化的文化发展优势，真正实现物质文明与精神文明相协调的中国式现代化。

Enriching the people’s spiritual world is one of the essential requirements of Chinese-path modernization. Xi Jinping has always paid attention to the people’s spiritual and cultural needs, emphasizing the importance of enriching the people’s spiritual world for advancing Chinese-path modernization. Social progress includes not only the growth of material wealth but also the growth of spiritual wealth; the all-round development of the individual pursued by Marx includes not only material development but also the enrichment and development of the spiritual dimension. Xi Jinping once emphasized that “human development takes spiritual culture as its core” and clearly pointed out that “human beings, in essence, are cultural beings… Humanity pursues not only material conditions and economic indicators but also a ‘happiness index’; it pursues not only the harmony of the natural ecology but also the harmony of the ‘spiritual ecology’.” This is consistent with the Marxist thought on the all-round development of the individual. Regarding the essence and composition of the spiritual world, the ultimate task and ultimate goal of enriching the people’s spiritual world are to strengthen the people’s ideals and convictions, improve their abilities, qualities, and moral cultivation, and elevate their spiritual realm. Since reform and opening up, and especially since the New Era, the people’s demand for spiritual life has grown daily. The people are increasingly concerned with spiritual enjoyment in the cultural field, the entertainment field, the artistic field, and even the academic theoretical field. Xi Jinping emphasized: “The people need literature and art… To meet the people’s growing spiritual and cultural needs, we must do a good job in cultural construction and increase society’s spiritual and cultural wealth.” [2]2 The “New Era” refers to the period of socialism with Chinese characteristics beginning with the 19th National Congress of the CPC in 2017. Later, he stressed: “Developing cultural undertakings is a basic way to meet the people’s spiritual and cultural needs and guarantee their cultural rights and interests… Let the people enjoy a more substantial, richer, and higher-quality spiritual and cultural life.” [3]3 A quotation from Xi Jinping, often cited in his speeches on cultural development. These all reflect Xi Jinping’s high regard for enriching the people’s spiritual world and have greatly promoted the deep-rooted understanding that related work on enriching the people’s spiritual world must adhere to a people-centered work orientation and creative orientation. Correspondingly, high-quality cultural development has become a conscious action for more and more people, and the emergence of numerous outstanding literary and artistic works reflects the cultural development advantages in socialist modernization.

丰富人民的精神世界是中国式现代化的本质要求之一。习近平始终关注人民群众的精神文化需求问题，强调丰富人民的精神世界对推进中国式现代化的重要性。社会进步不仅包括物质财富的增长，也包括精神财富的增长；马克思所追求的人的全面发展不仅包括物质层面的发展，也包含了精神层面的丰富发展。习近平曾强调“人的发展以精神文化为内核”，而且明确指出“人，本质上就是文化的人……人类不仅追求物质条件、经济指标，还要追求‘幸福指数’；不仅追求自然生态的和谐，还要追求‘精神生态’的和谐”。这与马克思主义关于人的全面发展的思想是一脉相承的。就精神世界的本质和构成来说，丰富人民的精神世界的终极任务和终极目的就是坚定人民的理想信念、提高人民的能力素质与道德修养，以及提升人民的精神境界。改革开放特别是新时代以来，人民群众对精神生活的需求日益增长，人民群众更加关注文化领域、娱乐领域、艺术领域甚至是学术理论领域的精神享受。习近平强调：“人民需要文艺……满足人民日益增长的精神文化需求，必须抓好文化建设，增加社会的精神文化财富。”此后他又强调：“发展文化事业是满足人民精神文化需求、保障人民文化权益的基本途径……让人民享有更加充实、更为丰富、更高质量的精神文化生活。”这都体现了习近平对丰富人民的精神世界的高度重视，也大大推动了关于丰富人民的精神世界的相关工作必须坚持以人民为中心的工作导向、创作导向深入人心，相应的，文化高质量发展成为越来越多人的自觉行动、众多优秀文艺作品的涌现等则体现出了社会主义现代化建设中的文化发展优势。

In the New Era, the cause of propaganda, ideology, and culture is flourishing, and various learning activities extensively cover all aspects of social life, effectively assisting the construction of Chinese-path modernization. According to the people’s learning needs, public spaces such as community libraries have been established across the country. Reading, as one of the important ways to enrich the people’s spiritual world, helps people expand their knowledge fields, enhance their thinking abilities, broaden their ways of thinking, and improve their emotional experience and quality of life. In addition, the study and education of the “Four Histories” [4]4 A common Chinese saying, frequently used by Xi Jinping to emphasize the importance of spirit and culture. has also taken root in people’s hearts. By understanding historical events, historical culture, and historical laws, people have not only increased their interest in learning historical facts and historical culture but have also formed a deeper understanding of current society and culture. At the same time, lectures and seminars in various industries and fields have increased significantly. This not only promotes the exchange of the latest ideological achievements but also helps people understand the frontiers of academic trends and the latest research results and technological developments. These learning activities can not only strengthen people’s ideals and convictions and broaden their ways of thinking but also build bridges for mutual learning across different fields, allowing people to better understand our culture and history, while improving their cultural literacy and appreciation abilities. The continuous enrichment of various learning activities has led to a positive social trend of steadfastness and eagerness to learn, raised the knowledge and cultural level and ideological and moral quality of the entire people, and further strengthened our historical confidence and national confidence.

新时代宣传思想文化事业蓬勃发展，多种学习活动广泛覆盖社会生活的各个方面，很好地助力了中国式现代化建设。根据人民群众的学习需要，全国各地建立了社区图书馆这类公共空间。阅读作为丰富人民的精神世界的重要方式之一，能帮助人们扩展知识领域，增强思考能力，拓展思维方式，提高情感体验和生活品质。此外，“四史”学习教育也深入人心，人们通过了解历史事件、历史文化和历史规律，不仅提高了对历史事实、历史文化的学习兴趣，对当前的社会和文化也形成了更深层次的理解。同时，各个行业、领域的讲座和研讨会明显增多，这不仅能够促进最新思想成果的交流，而且有助于人们了解学术前沿动态及最新的研究成果、技术发展。这些学习活动不仅能够坚定人们的理想信念、拓展人的思维方式，而且能搭建起不同领域相互学习的桥梁，让人们更好地了解我们的文化和历史，同时提高人们的文化素养和欣赏能力。不断丰富的多种学习活动引领了笃实好学的积极社会风尚，提高了全民的知识文化水平和思想道德素质，进一步坚定了我们的历史自信、民族自信。

Since the New Era, the art and entertainment industry has developed rapidly. The people’s art and entertainment activities have rapidly increased and continuously enriched. Appreciation, participation in, and enjoyment of art are no longer limited to a few but have been integrated into the daily lives of the people. People often go to cinemas, theaters, and concert halls to watch movies, dramas, plays, and musicals, or deepen their understanding of a field, region, or art form by visiting museums and art exhibitions, and can even use their leisure time to cultivate and develop an artistic hobby. Movies, dramas, and plays allow people to learn about different stories and cultures, improving their appreciation and expression abilities; museums and art exhibitions can show people various cultures, histories, and arts, allowing people to better understand the world, different lifestyles, and different art schools, deepening people’s understanding of beauty and love for art, thereby cultivating their sentiments and stimulating their creativity and imagination. At the same time, some more participatory art and entertainment activities have also entered people’s daily lives, such as painting, handicrafts, music, dance, and yoga, which help people express emotions, show creativity, and improve aesthetic and appreciation abilities. The prosperous development of the art and entertainment industry enriches the people’s daily lives, avoids the one-sided development of individuals, thereby transcending and eliminating alienation, realizing the free and all-round development of individuals, and achieving a comprehensive development balance between people’s natural and social attributes, and material and spiritual needs. In addition, organizing and carrying out different types of volunteer activities is also an effective way to promote cultural-ethical progress. By participating in volunteer activities, people can actively participate in social development and public welfare undertakings, gain a deeper understanding of social issues, and make their own contributions to others and society. Volunteer activities can not only improve people’s comprehensive quality and abilities, enhance their sense of social responsibility and collective consciousness, but also promote social stability and harmony at the overall social level, effectively promoting social development.

新时代以来艺术娱乐行业迅猛发展，人民群众的艺术娱乐活动迅速增多并不断丰富，对艺术的欣赏、参与和享受不再局限于少数人，而是融入了人民群众的日常生活之中。人们会经常走进影院、剧院和音乐厅，观看电影、戏剧、话剧、音乐剧，或通过参观博物馆和艺术展览来深入了解一个领域、地区或者一种艺术，甚至能够利用闲暇时间来培养、发展一项艺术爱好。电影、戏剧、话剧能够让人们了解到不同的故事和文化，提高欣赏能力和表达能力；博物馆和艺术展览能够向人们展示各种文化、历史和艺术，让人们更好地了解世界、了解不同的生活方式、了解不同的艺术派别，深化人们对美的认识、对艺术的喜爱，从而陶冶人们的情操，激发人们的创造力和想象力。同时，还有一些更具参与感的艺术娱乐活动也进入了人们的日常生活中，如绘画、手工制作、音乐、舞蹈、瑜伽等活动能够帮助人们表达情感、展现创造力，提高审美和欣赏能力。艺术娱乐行业的繁荣发展丰富了人民群众的日常生活，避免了人的片面发展，以此超越异化、消除异化，实现人的自由全面发展，达到人的自然属性与社会属性、物质需求与精神需求的综合发展平衡。此外，组织开展不同类型的志愿活动也是精神文明建设的有效途径之一。通过参加志愿活动，人们能够积极参与到社会发展和公益事业中来，更深入地了解社会问题，为他人和社会做出自己的贡献。志愿活动不仅能够提高人们的综合素质能力，增强人们的社会责任感和集体意识，并且能够从整体社会层面上促进社会稳定与和谐，有力推动社会发展。

Xi Jinping’s cultural thought enhances the cultural development advantages of Chinese-path modernization not only domestically but also internationally. To build a community with a shared future for mankind, it is necessary, under the guidance of Xi Jinping’s cultural thought, to strengthen the ability to safeguard national cultural security and ideological security, adhere to the principles of taking ourselves as the mainstay, making foreign things serve China, and being inclusive, further strengthen the exchange and integration of Chinese and foreign cultures, advance the building of international communication capacity, and, on the basis of promoting the excellent traditional Chinese culture to go global, dare and be good at promoting revolutionary culture and advanced socialist culture to go global, thereby promoting Chinese culture as a whole to go global and win the recognition, learning, and belief of more and more people. At the same time, it is necessary to adopt a variety of flexible ways, methods, and means to tell the stories of China, the stories of the Communist Party of China, the stories of New China, and the stories of a community with a shared future for mankind, better present a true, multidimensional, and panoramic view of China, strive to show a credible, lovable, and respectable image of China, and strive to make Chinese culture have strong appeal, influence, and charisma in the world, truly transforming China’s development advantages into discourse advantages, cultural advantages, civilizational advantages, and ideological advantages.

习近平文化思想提升中国式现代化的文化发展优势不仅体现在国内，同样体现在国际上。要构建人类命运共同体，就要在习近平文化思想指导下增强维护国家文化安全、意识形态安全的能力，坚持以我为主、洋为中用、兼收并蓄等方针，进一步加强中外文化的交流融通，推进国际传播能力建设，在推动中华优秀传统文化走出去的基础上，要敢于和善于推动革命文化和社会主义先进文化走出去，从而推动中国文化整体走向世界，赢得越来越多人的认可、学习、信仰。同时，要采取多种灵活的方式、方法、手段讲好中国故事、中国共产党的故事、新中国的故事、人类命运共同体的故事，更好地呈现真实、立体、全面的中国，努力展现可信、可爱、可敬的中国形象，努力让中国文化在世界上具有强大吸引力、影响力、号召力，真正把中国的发展优势转化为话语优势、文化优势、文明优势、意识形态优势。

On the new journey of the New Era, all fields in China are in a stage of rapid development, which requires that cultural-ethical progress can continuously coordinate with material progress, deeply integrate, and form a strong synergy. Therefore, on the basis of the achievements already made at the present stage, we must continue to take Xi Jinping Thought on Culture as our guide, further carry out the relevant work of cultural construction in the process of Chinese-path modernization, promote the people’s spiritual life to a new level, assist the practical process of Chinese-path modernization, and comprehensively advance the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization. In summary, Xi Jinping Thought on Culture is the adherence to, inheritance of, development of, and innovation in the achievements of adapting Marxist cultural theory to the Chinese context; it is a scientific summary of the experience of cultural construction in the New Era; it has accumulated valuable ideological achievements and experiential wisdom for the cultural construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics; it has propelled the cultural construction of Chinese-path modernization and even the entire process of Chinese-path modernization; and it has written a new chapter in adapting Marxist cultural construction theory to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. On the new journey of comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization, and in the struggle to build a community with a shared future for mankind, cultural construction will occupy an even more important position, and Xi Jinping Thought on Culture will manifest even more important contemporary value and far-reaching significance in the exploration of the theory and practice of Chinese-path modernization.

在新时代新征程上，中国各个领域都处于快速发展的阶段，这就要求精神文明能够持续与物质文明相协调、深度融合，并形成强大合力。因此，在现阶段取得的成果基础上，我们要继续以习近平文化思想为指导，进一步做好中国式现代化进程中的文化建设相关工作，推动人民的精神生活再上新台阶，助力中国式现代化的实践进程，以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业。总而言之，习近平文化思想是对马克思主义文化理论中国化成果的坚持、继承、发展、创新，是对新时代文化建设经验的科学总结，为中国特色社会主义文化建设积累了宝贵的思想成果和经验智慧，推动了中国式现代化的文化建设乃至整个中国式现代化的进程，谱写了马克思主义文化建设理论中国化时代化的新篇章。在以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业的新征程上，在构建人类命运共同体的奋斗中，文化建设将占据更加重要的位置，习近平文化思想在中国式现代化理论与实践的探索中将体现出更加重要的时代价值和深远意义。

Source: *Thinking*, August 27, 2024

文章来源：《思想战线THINKING》2024年8月27日

Online editor: Jing Mu

网络编辑：静穆