Constructing the Rationale for Empowering Ideological and Political Education through the “Two Integrations”

I. Introduction

一、引言

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized in the report to the 20th National Congress of the CPC that “to uphold and develop Marxism, it must be integrated with China’s specific realities; to uphold and develop Marxism, it must be integrated with the best of traditional Chinese culture” (hereinafter referred to as the “Two Integrations”). The “Two Integrations” further clarify the three objects of integrating the basic principles of Marxism, China’s specific realities, and the best of traditional Chinese culture. For the subject of ideological and political education, which addresses the question of “what kind of people to cultivate,” the “Two Integrations” address the question of “what to use to cultivate people” in ideological and political education, thereby achieving a scientific linkage between object and subject. First, the “Two Integrations” highlight the openness, practicality, and people-centered nature of the basic principles of Marxism. They absorb advanced ideas from ancient and modern times, both at home and abroad, with an open vision and national sentiment, promote theoretical innovation through practice, and construct an adapted Marxism for the Chinese context and the needs of the times using a theoretical discourse system with Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, and Chinese manner. Ideological and political education “must adhere to dialectical materialism and historical materialism to correctly answer the major questions posed by the times and practice, and to always maintain the vigorous vitality and strong vitality of Marxism.” Effectively grasping the questions of the times and the questions of students is an important manifestation of fostering virtue and nurturing people in higher education. Second, the “Two Integrations” examine ideological and political education through specific realities. From the perspective of its development trajectory, this is reflected in the great practices of the Chinese revolution, construction, and reform. Taking the theoretical logic, practical logic, and historical logic of the “Two Integrations” (hereinafter referred to as the “Triple Logic”) as the focal point, it diagnoses the rational trend of ideological and political education in the New Era, adheres to a problem-oriented approach, prioritizes and proceeds step by step in integrating the theoretical achievements of the “Two Integrations,” strengthens practical effectiveness, highlights theoretical innovation, and provides value guidance for ideological and political education to innovate and develop. Third, regarding the integration of the best of traditional Chinese culture, the best of traditional Chinese culture plays an irreplaceable role in ideological and political education in enhancing national pride and consolidating national cohesion. Culture influences the process of a nation’s development. Against the backdrop of strengthening cultural confidence, ideological and political education uses Marxist educational thought to activate the best of traditional Chinese culture, creatively transforms and innovatively develops it in light of actual conditions, adheres to fostering virtue and nurturing people, and cultivates the comprehensive development of individuals. In summary, integrating the “Two Integrations” into ideological and political education correctly guides students to use the Marxist worldview and methodology, making the “Two Integrations” the value orientation for upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground in ideological and political education, and solving practical problems such as students’ insufficient theoretical depth and weak practical ability.

习近平总书记在党的二十大报告中强调，“坚持和发展马克思主义，必须同中国具体实际相结合；坚持和发展马克思主义，必须同中华优秀传统文化相结合”（以下简称“两个结合”）。“两个结合”进一步明确了结合马克思主义基本原理、中国具体实际和中华优秀传统文化的三个对象，对思想政治教育这一主体来讲，是解决“培养什么人”的问题，“两个结合”则是解决思想政治教育“用什么培养人”的问题，实现对象与主体的科学关联。首先，“两个结合”突出了马克思主义基本原理的开放性、实践性和人民性。以开放视野与民族情怀吸收古今中外先进思想，以实践推动理论创新，用中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的理论话语体系建构中国化时代化的马克思主义。思想政治教育“坚持运用辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义，才能正确回答时代和实践提出的重大问题，才能始终保持马克思主义的蓬勃生机和旺盛活力”。有效把握时代之问、学生之问，则是高校立德树人的重要体现。其次，“两个结合”的具体实际审视思想政治教育，从发展轨迹来看，体现在中国革命、建设和改革的伟大实践之中。以“两个结合”的理论逻辑、实践逻辑和历史逻辑（以下简称“三重逻辑”）为着眼点，把脉新时代思想政治教育的理路趋向，坚持以问题为导向，在“两个结合”理论成果的融入上有侧重、有步骤，强化实践成效，突出理论创新，为思想政治教育推陈出新提供价值导向。再次，“两个结合”结合中华优秀传统文化来看，中华优秀传统文化对增强民族自豪感、凝聚国家向心力等方面，对思想政治教育具有不可替代的作用。文化影响着一个民族发展的进程，在坚定文化自信背景下，思想政治教育以马克思主义教育思想激活中华优秀传统文化，结合实际创造性转化、创新性发展，坚守立德树人，培育人的全面发展。总之，“两个结合”融入思想政治教育，正确引导学生运用马克思主义的世界观与方法论，使“两个结合”成为思想政治教育守正创新的价值导向，破解学生理论纵向不深，实践能力延展不强等现实问题。

II. Diagnosing the Realistic Dilemmas of Ideological and Political Education in the New Era through the “Two Integrations”

二、以“两个结合”把脉新时代思想政治教育的现实困境

In the New Era, faced with interference from various erroneous trends of thought, students need to deepen their theoretical understanding vertically and extend their practical ability horizontally. Guided by the openness, practicality, and people-centered nature of the “Two Integrations,” and combined with the actual conditions of schools, it is necessary to highlight their own characteristics and strengthen theoretical improvement in practice. Taking problems as the orientation, diagnose the realistic dilemmas of ideological and political education in the New Era, adhere to concrete analysis of concrete problems, continuously enhance students’ cognition and practice of the best of traditional Chinese culture, and provide value guidance for ideological and political education in cultivating the “root” and forging the “soul.” [1]1 The “Two Integrations” (两个结合) refers to the combination of the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s concrete reality and with fine traditional Chinese culture, a key theoretical formulation of Xi Jinping Thought.

新时代，面对各种错误思潮干扰，学生在理论的纵向上需要深入，实践的横向上需要延展，以“两个结合”开放性、实践性及人民性为指引，结合学校实际，彰显自身特色，强化在实践中理论提升。以问题为导向，把脉新时代思想政治教育现实困境，坚持具体问题具体分析，不断提升学生对中华优秀传统文化认知和践行，在培“根”铸“魂”中为思想政治教育提供价值指引。

First, using the openness of the “Two Integrations” to strengthen the construction of the theoretical system and examine the roots of various erroneous trends of thought. Openness is the inheritance of inclusive absorption, keeping pace with the times, and continuous innovation and understanding. The “Two Integrations” have developed the Chinese cultural lineage and expanded the cultural foundation through critical reference and creative transformation, inheriting both the Marxist worldview and methodology and continuing the ancient Chinese civilization. Facing the wave of globalization, the impact of diverse values is increasing, and the influence of some erroneous trends of thought such as universal values, neoliberalism, and ecologism is intensifying. Neoliberalism opposes China’s economic system and economic institutions; constitutional democracy undermines China

其一，以“两个结合”的开放性，强化理论体系构建审视各种错误思潮根源。开放性是对包容吸收、与时俱进、不断创新认识的承继。“两个结合”在批判借鉴与创造转化中发展了中华文脉，拓展了文化根基，既继承了马克思主义的世界观方法论，又赓续了中华古老文明。面对全球化浪潮，多元价值观念冲击日益增强，普世价值、新自由主义、生态主义等一些错误思潮的影响在加剧。新自由主义与我国经济体制及经济制度相对立，宪政民主则是动摇我国的根本政治制度，普世价值及历史虚无主义与我国的社会主义核心价值观、中华优秀传统文化相背离。目前，又有儒化思潮的兴起，过分强调古代文化，形成复古主义之风。针对各种思潮，思想政治教育应从洞察学生的内心需求出发，坚持问题导向，善于抓住学生的内心世界，彰显“两个结合”的世界观、方法论，为思想政治教育提供坚实指导，关切学生的问题，注重理论体系构建，审视各种错误思潮根源,有效应对各种不良思潮的干扰。

Second, by relying on the practical character of the Two Integrations, we respond to the new changes in students’ “five outlooks.” Practical character enriches the understanding that practice is primary and that theory guides practice; it is a distinctive feature that distinguishes Marxist theory from other theories. Mao Zedong pointed out: “It is necessary to integrate the universal truth of Marxism with the concrete practice of the Chinese revolution in a completely and appropriately unified manner; that is to say, it must be combined with the characteristics of the nation and take a certain national form before it can be useful. It must never be applied subjectively and formulaically.” This should become the greatest magic weapon for the theory and practice of ideological and political education. The practical logic of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times has special internal stipulations. In essence, it is not a simple, unidirectional, linear development process from theory to theory, text to text, or concept to concept, but rather a complex speculative process that combines the “dogma” of Marxism as a theoretical form with the concrete reality of China as a practical form. Surveys of university students have found that “changes in university students’ moral concepts are mainly manifested in their outlooks on righteousness and benefit, public and private interests, honor and disgrace, happiness, and values” (hereinafter referred to as the “five outlooks”). The new changes in the “five outlooks” are, to a certain extent, a manifestation of university students’ lack of practical cognition, reflected in the weak horizontal extension of practice, mainly shown in the lack of practical initiative such as interaction among students, resource sharing, and brainstorming. University students today are basically the “post-00s” generation. They have grown up in a materially superior environment with relatively developed information technology, possessing advantages such as broad reading scope and large amounts of information. However, when faced with fragmented information, they are prone to shortcomings such as weak theoretical interest and relatively deficient historical knowledge, leading to a superficial understanding of the content of ideological and political education and thus a lack of deep comprehension. Ideological and political education needs to keep pace with changes in the times and specific environments, adhere to the practical character of the Two Integrations, and strengthen practical initiative. “Empty talk harms the country, while solid work makes it flourish.”[1]1 The “Two Integrations” (两个结合) refers to the combination of the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s concrete reality and with fine traditional Chinese culture, a key theoretical formulation of Xi Jinping Thought. Through practice, students are guided to keep pace with the times, stand firm in their positions, forge a practical philosophy of daring to act, being good at acting, and taking pleasure in acting, and gain true knowledge through practice.

其二，以“两个结合”的实践性，应对学生“五观”新变化。实践性是对实践第一性、理论指导实践认识的丰富，是马克思主义理论区别于其他理论的显著特征。毛泽东指出：“必须将马克思主义的普遍真理和中国革命的具体实践完全地恰当地统一起来，就是说，和民族的特点相结合，经过一定的民族形式，才有用处，决不能主观地公式地应用它。”这应成为思想政治教育理论与实践的最大法宝。马克思主义中国化时代化的实践逻辑有特殊的内在规定性，究其本质，并不是一个单纯地从理论到理论、文本到文本、概念到概念的单向性的线性发展过程，而是把作为理论形态的马克思主义的“本本”同作为实践形态的中国具体实际相结合的复性思辨过程。对大学生的调查发现，“大学生道德观念的变化主要表现在义利观、公私观、荣辱观、幸福观、价值观等方面”（以下简称“五观”）。“五观”新变化，在一定程度上则是大学生实践认知的缺乏,表现为实践横向延展不强,主要表现为学生之间的互动、资源共享、头脑风暴等实践能动性的缺乏。在校大学生已基本是“00后”，他们成长的物质环境优越，信息技术较为发达，具有阅读面广、信息量大的优势，然而面对碎片化信息，容易产生理论兴趣不浓，历史知识相对匮乏的弊端，对思想政治教育内容的理解浮于表面，从而体会不深。思想政治教育需要随着时代、具体环境的变化，坚持“两个结合”的实践性,强化实践能动,“空谈误国，实干兴邦”。通过实践，引导学生做到与时俱进，立足本位，铸就敢为、善为、乐为的实践理念，在实践中获得真知。

Third, by means of the people-centered character of the “Two Integrations,” [n1] promote the transformation and development of fine traditional Chinese culture. People-centered character is the adherence to the people’s standpoint, the people as the主体, and the people as the criterion. [n2] The people-centered character of the “Two Integrations” contains a unique set of values, rooted in fine traditional Chinese culture; the manifestations of this — the world being shared by all, the people being the foundation of the state, governing with virtue, enriching the people and giving them厚生, [n3] balancing righteousness and benefit — are in harmony with the ideals and beliefs of socialism and communism. This has laid a solid foundation for absorbing all outstanding achievements of human civilization and representing the direction of development of human civilization’s progress. Amid the mutual integration of diverse cultures, students believe that a New Era requires new thinking, feel that classical traditional culture is already outdated, and instead worship foreign civilizations and advocate洋文化, [n4] even inheriting them uncritically and without reflection, while having only a superficial understanding of their own civilization

其三，以“两个结合”的人民性，促进中华优秀传统文化转化与发展。人民性是对人民立场、人民主体、人民标准认识的坚守。“两个结合”人民性蕴含着独特的价值观，植根于中华优秀传统文化，所表现的天下为公、民为邦本、为政以德、富民厚生、义利兼顾，与社会主义、共产主义的理想信念相契合，这为吸收一切人类优秀文明成果，代表人类文明进步的发展方向夯实了根基。在多元文化相互交融下，学生认为新时代要有新思想，觉得经典传统文化已经过时，更加崇拜国外文明，崇尚洋文化，甚至不加思辨，无条件的继承，对自身文明则是一知半解，习近平总书记指出：“在5000多年文明发展进程中，中华民族创造了博大精深的灿烂文化，要使中华民族最基本的文化基因……都活起来。要以理服人，以文服人，以德服人……展示中华文化魅力。”用中华优秀传统文化的话语“增强做中国人的志气、骨气、底气，不负时代，不负韶华，不负党和人民的殷切期望”。否则，“就割断了精神命脉”。注重对中华优秀传统文化创新性发展、创造性转化，应对学生传统文化匮乏的现状，让古老智慧焕发出新时代的光芒。学生发展的最终目标是获得社会和国家的认同，具有国家情怀，而认同本民族的文化则是先决条件， “马克思主义基本原理必须同中国具体实际紧密结合起来，应该科学对待民族传统文化”。针对中华优秀传统文化创新性发展、创造性转化，实现历史跨越，使传统的成为现代的，加强对学生实施教育与引领，则是筑牢“根”与“魂”的有效衔接。人民性在于帮助学生树立正确唯物史观，培养学生全心全意为人民服务精神的有效路径。思想政治教育要把党和人民的血肉关系讲清楚、讲透彻、讲生动，有利于增进学生对党的根本宗旨感知，滋养爱国情愫，培养“为中华之崛起而读书”的情怀。同时，教师需要在层次性基础上讲清楚价值关联性和不可分割性，避免学生陷入集体主义和个人主义的价值悖论。

III. Reshaping the "Triple Logic" of Ideological and Political Education through the Two Integrations

三、以“两个结合”重塑思想政治教育的“三重逻辑”

The three objects of the Two Integrations are rich in the characteristics of the times and national features, guiding the people to trace their roots and origins while standing firmly in the present. Ideological and political education adheres to Marxism as its guiding ideology, draws nourishment from the root vein of fine traditional Chinese culture, takes the adaptation of Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times as its guide to action, upholds the Marxist stance of ideological and political education, absorbs the root deeply planted in Chinese cultural genes, and draws from the source of the real-world practice of reform and opening up. In response to the practical dilemmas of ideological and political education, how to alleviate them becomes the implied appeal for the Two Integrations to manifest their contemporary value. Grasping the pulse of the times, promoting the main theme, and focusing on the three objects of the Two Integrations to reshape the "triple logic" of ideological and political education becomes the source of dynamism for the practice of ideological and political education. "Practice has no end, and theoretical innovation has no end either. The world is changing every moment, and China is also changing every moment. We must keep up with the times in theory, constantly understand the laws, and continuously advance theoretical innovation, practical innovation, institutional innovation, and innovation in all other aspects." The vitality of theory lies in continuous innovation in practice. The value implication of the Two Integrations lies in emphasizing practice, innovating under theoretical guidance, thereby driving theory to further elevate itself in practice, grasping the problem orientation, strengthening practical initiative, implementing cultural guidance, and manifesting the value orientation of the "triple logic."

“两个结合”的三个对象富有时代特征与民族特色，引导人民寻根求源，并立足当下。思想政治教育坚持以马克思主义为指导思想，以中华优秀传统文化这个根脉为滋养，把中国化时代化的马克思主义作为行动指南，坚守思想政治教育的马克思主义立场、汲取深植中华文化基因之根、改革开放的现实实践之源。针对思想政治教育现实困境，如何纾解则成为“两个结合”彰显当代价值的意蕴诉求。把握时代脉搏，弘扬主旋律，着眼“两个结合”的三个对象重塑思想政治教育“三重逻辑”，成为思想政治教育实践的动力之源。“实践没有止境，理论创新也没有止境。世界每时每刻都在发生变化，中国也每时每刻都在发生变化，我们必须在理论上跟上时代，不断认识规律，不断推进理论创新、实践创新、制度创新以及其他各方面创新。”理论的生命力在于实践中不断创新。“两个结合”的价值意蕴，就是注重实践，在理论指引下创新，进而推动理论在实践中进一步提升，把握问题导向，强化实践能动，实施文化引路，彰显“三重逻辑”的价值导向。

First, the combination of the Two Integrations with the basic principles of Marxism grasps the theoretical logic of ideological and political education. Marx pointed out: "Problems are the slogans of the times, the most actual voice expressing its spiritual state." Where do problems come from? And where do they lead? Ideological and political education cannot evade problems; it must dare to face problems squarely, be adept at discovering problems, continuously improve the level of ideological and political education in the process of solving problems, and cultivate new generations of the era who can withstand tests and are worthy of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through problem-solving. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "When explaining theory, one must keep it grounded, let Marx speak Chinese, let great experts speak everyday language, turn basic principles into vivid truths, and turn fundamental methods into effective methods." Ideological and political education arms people with scientific theory, and is adept at using the explanatory power, cohesive power, and appeal of the basic principles of Marxism in the Two Integrations to influence and inspire people. For ideological and political education to win the favor of students, it must use plain language, turn profound philosophy into common-sense truths, and enhance the innovation of the discourse system. Mao Zedong pointed out: "Let philosophy be liberated from the classrooms and books of philosophers and become a sharp weapon in the hands of the masses." It is necessary to be adept at transforming profound truths into expressions that students are happy to accept, to move towards the students' reality, to use language that is easy to understand, to be adept at dialoguing with the times, to win students' recognition, to become a powerful ideological weapon, and to promote theoretical innovation in practice.

其一，“两个结合”之与马克思主义基本原理相结合，把握思想政治教育的理论逻辑。马克思指出：“问题就是时代的口号，是它表现自己精神状态的最实际的呼声。”问题从何而来？又导向何处？思想政治教育不能回避问题，要敢于正视问题、善于发现问题，在问题破解中不断提升思想政治教育水平，在问题解决中培养经得起考验、堪当民族复兴大任的时代新人。习近平总书记指出：“讲理论要接地气，要让马克思讲中国话，让大专家讲家常话，让基本原理变成生动道理，让根本方法变成管用方法。”思想政治教育以科学理论武装人，善于将“两个结合”之马克思主义基本原理的解释力、凝聚力、吸引力来影响人、感召人。思想政治教育赢得学生的喜欢，就要用通俗的语言，把深刻的哲理变为通俗的道理，增强话语体系的创新。毛泽东指出：“让哲学从哲学家的课堂上和书本里解放出来，变为群众手里的尖锐武器。”善于把深刻的道理转换为学生喜闻乐见的方式来表达，走向学生实际，语言通俗易懂，善于同时代对话，赢得学生认同，成为强大的思想武器,推进理论在实践中创新。

The theoretical logic of the Two Integrations lies in taking the Marxist scientific worldview as the theoretical weapon for analyzing the era, interpreting the era, and leading the era. It is the soul of ideological and political education, grasping the foothold of ideological and political education, and its primary task lies in properly solving the problem of ideals and convictions. In the New Era, value orientations are increasingly diverse. Ideological and political education should take ideals and convictions as the focal point, guiding students with lofty aspirations, pure hearts, and noble integrity. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Without ideals and convictions, or if ideals and convictions are not firm, one will suffer from a 'calcium deficiency' in the spirit and develop 'rickets.'" Especially during the university years, which is the "jointing and booting stage" [n] of life growth, nurturing with the theory of the Two Integrations provides students with ideological beliefs and spiritual strength, allowing high-quality "calcium" to integrate into the students' souls, making students thoroughly convinced. The genetic sequence of the Two Integrations presents the faith pursuit of inheriting the red gene, which is love for the Party and the country and loyalty to the people, and is the spiritual calcium that students must absorb to establish ideals and convictions. As the main battlefield for theoretical inheritance and innovation, schools are adept at cultivating the "root" and casting the "soul" in ideological and political education, strengthening "calcium" with the Party's revolutionary culture, making red the soul background of Chinese youth in the New Era, sowing seeds of virtue and wisdom in students' hearts, building a solid foundation of students' love for the Party and the country, and inspiring them to aspire to become pillars of talent with both moral integrity and professional competence.

“两个结合”的理论逻辑，在于把马克思主义科学世界观作为分析时代、解读时代、引领时代的理论武器，是思想政治教育之魂，把握思想政治教育的落脚点，其首要任务在于解决好理想信念问题。新时代，价值取向日趋多元，思想政治教育应以理想信念为着眼点，用远大的志向、纯粹的心灵、高尚的节操引领学生。习近平总书记指出：“没有理想信念，理想信念不坚定，精神上就会‘缺钙’，就会得‘软骨病’。”尤其是大学期间，是人生成长的“拔节孕穗期”，以“两个结合”的理论进行哺育，为学生提供思想信仰、精神力量，使优质的“钙”，融入学生的灵魂，让学生彻底信服。“两个结合”的基因序列，呈现了红色基因传承的信仰追求，是对党和国家的热爱和对人民的忠诚，是广大学生树立理想信念所必须汲取的精神钙质。学校作为理论传承与创新的主阵地，思想政治教育善于培“根”铸“魂”，用党的革命文化强“钙”，让红色成为新时代中国青年的灵魂底色，在学生心中播撒美德和智慧的种子，筑牢学生对党和国家的热爱，立志成为德才兼备的栋梁之才。

Second, the “Two Integrations” [1]1 The “Two Integrations” (两个结合) refers to the combination of the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s concrete reality and with fine traditional Chinese culture, a key theoretical formulation of Xi Jinping Thought. — the integration with China’s concrete reality — grasps the practical logic of ideological and political education. The century-long practice of the Communist Party of China has proven that without a revolutionary theory, there can be no correct revolutionary action. The “Two Integrations” vividly demonstrate that practice must be guided by theory. Transforming theory into practice, testing theory through practice, and keeping the gray theory evergreen in the ever-changing practice — this is the aspiration of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. The century-long practice of the Communist Party of China has proven that, even under the banner of Marxism, a practical initiative that deviates from the actual conditions of the time and merely copies from textbooks has brought enormous losses to the revolution. Profound lessons have prompted the orderly evolution of “adaptation to the Chinese context and the needs of the times,” laying the foundation for opening up new chapters and new situations. “Marx’s whole world outlook is not a doctrine but a method. It provides not ready-made dogmas but starting points for further investigation and the method for that investigation.” [2]2 Quotation from Friedrich Engels, often cited in Chinese Marxist discourse to emphasize the methodological rather than dogmatic character of Marxism. At present, ideological and political education faces unprecedented new situations and new problems. The heavier the tasks, the more necessary it is to uphold fundamental principles and break new ground. Facing new challenges, only by courageously advancing theoretical innovation in practice and being adept at using new theories to guide new practice can Marxism demonstrate a more powerful and persuasive truth-force on campus. Ideological and political education should integrate with real problems, promote the mutual elevation of theory and practice in teacher-student interaction, insist on coming from practice, going to practice, being tested in practice, and continuously developing theory along with practice. In response to the dogmatism of his time, Mao Zedong clearly proposed that “Marxism must be combined with the specific characteristics of our country and realized through certain national forms,” and further pointed out, “to make Marxism concrete in China, so that in every one of its manifestations it acquires the necessary Chinese characteristics, that is, to apply it in accordance with China’s characteristics.” [3]3 Mao Zedong, “On the New Stage” (1938), a key text in the formulation of adapting Marxism to Chinese conditions. The “Two Integrations” precisely advance innovation through the interactive inheritance of the theory’s “adaptation to the Chinese context and the needs of the times” and the practice’s “sinicization of theory.”

其二，“两个结合”之与中国具体实际相结合，把握思想政治教育的实践逻辑。中国共产党百年实践证明，没有革命的理论，就不会有正确的革命行动。“两个结合”生动诠释了实践必须以理论为指导。把理论转变为实践，由实践检验理论，让灰色的理论在变动不居的实践中常青，是马克思主义中国化时代化的诉求。中国共产党百年实践证明，同样在马克思主义旗帜下，脱离当时实际的实践能动，仅照搬本本，给革命带来巨大损失。深刻的教训，促使了“中国化时代化”的有序演进，为谋新篇开新局奠定了基础。“马克思的整个世界观不是教义，而是方法。它提供的不是现成的教条，而是进一步研究的出发点和供这种研究使用的方法。”当前，思想政治教育面临新情况、新问题前所未有，越是任务繁重，就是更要坚持守正创新。面对新挑战，勇于在实践中不断推进理论创新、善于用新的理论指导新的实践，才能让马克思主义在校园展现出更强大、更有说服力的真理力量。思想政治教育就应结合现实问题，在师生互动中推进理论与实践的彼此提升，坚持从实践中来、到实践中去、在实践中接受检验，并随着实践而不断发展理论。毛泽东针对当时的教条主义，鲜明提出“马克思主义必须和我国的具体特点相结合并通过一定的民族形式才能实现”，又指出，“使马克思主义在中国具体化,使之在其每一表现中带着必须有的中国特性,即是说,按照中国的特点去运用它”。“两个结合”正是围绕理论的“中国化时代化”与实践的“化中国”互动传承中推进创新。

Ideological and political education should make good use of the practical achievements of the “Two Integrations,” which embody practical initiative. As the materialized outcomes of theoretical achievements — red resources — we must not only protect, manage, and utilize these non-renewable, irreplaceable precious resources with heart, feeling, and effort, but also be adept at using modern tools such as big data, flipped classrooms, and micro-videos, utilizing multiple resources online and offline, inside and outside the classroom, and on and off campus, taking multiple measures to continuously expand the depth and breadth of ideological and political education, bringing theory close to students and influencing them, achieving targeted efforts full of the spirit of the times; carrying out social practice from multiple directions and angles, so that students’ minds closely connect with society, testing and enriching theory in practice. The innovation of theory originates from practice and requires the practical subject to be good at acting. Ideological and political education insists on using technology as a means and practice as a carrier, fully stimulating students’ enthusiasm for participation, and promoting theoretical innovation in practice. Through students’ practical insights, a peer red discourse system is formed, promoting the construction of an educational system with advanced “formula,” exquisite “craftsmanship,” and fashionable “packaging” for ideological and political education teaching, making it a uniquely characteristic educational system, effectively enhancing students’ practical initiative, and improving their cognitive ability and level in practice.

思想政治教育利用好“两个结合”的实践成果，这一成果体现了实践能动性。作为理论成果物化的红色资源，我们既要用心用情用力保护好、管理好、运用好这些不可再生、不可替代的珍贵资源，更要善于运用大数据、翻转课堂、微视频等现代化工具，利用线上线下、课内课外、校内校外多种资源，多措并举，不断拓展思想政治教育的深度和广度，让理论贴近学生，影响学生，做到有的放矢、富有时代气息；多方位、多角度的开展社会实践，使学生心灵与社会紧密对接，在实践中检验理论、丰富理论。理论的创新来源于实践，需要实践主体善于作为，思想政治教育坚持以技术为手段，实践为载体，充分激发学生参与的积极性，在实践中推动理论的创新。通过学生的实践感悟形成同龄红色话语体系，推动思想政治教育教学的“配方”先进、“工艺”精湛、“包装”时尚的理论体系，成为独具特色的教育体系，有效增强学生的实践能动，在实践中提升认知能力和水平。

Third, the “Two Integrations” — the integration with fine traditional Chinese culture — grasps the historical logic of ideological and political education. The historical initiative of the “Two Integrations” clarifies the main task of China’s education, serving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “On the deep foundation of more than 5,000 years of Chinese civilization, to open up and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics, combining the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s concrete reality and with fine traditional Chinese culture is the only way.” [4]4 Xi Jinping, speech at the symposium on cultural heritage, 2023. This clarifies that ideological and political education, in upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, follows the historical logic of the “Two Integrations,” combining the basic tenets of Marxism with fine traditional Chinese culture, further strengthening historical and cultural confidence, and making the cause of ideological and political education more distinctly Chinese. General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly emphasized the importance of education on the histories of the Party, the People’s Republic of China, reform and opening up, and socialist development (四史). [5]5 The “four histories” (四史) are the history of the Communist Party of China, the history of the People’s Republic of China, the history of reform and opening up, and the history of socialist development. “We must promote fine traditional Chinese culture, revolutionary culture, and advanced socialist culture, implement the project of inheriting Chinese culture, promote the integration of fine traditional Chinese culture into education and teaching, and strengthen education on revolutionary culture and advanced socialist culture.” [6]6 Xi Jinping, speech on education and cultural work, 2021. Chinese civilization is the only great civilization in the world that has continued without interruption, endowing Chinese civilization with a consistent integrity from a historical perspective, possessing historical confidence and cultural confidence. Ideological and political education lays the foundation for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and must be effectively advanced in light of the actual conditions of students. Only by focusing on history and summarizing the past can we grasp the present and better create the future. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: “We must use history to reflect on reality and look far into the future, to see clearly from the century-long struggle of the Communist Party of China why we were able to succeed in the past and understand how we can continue to succeed in the future.” [7]7 Xi Jinping, speech at the ceremony marking the centenary of the CPC, July 1, 2021. Ideological and political education must not only focus on current issues but also refer to past experiences and lessons, and look forward to the specific direction of the future, in order to achieve comprehensiveness and foresight in education.

其三，“两个结合”之与中华优秀传统文化相结合，把握思想政治教育的历史逻辑。“两个结合”的历史主动，明确我国教育的主要任务，为实现中华民族伟大复兴服务。习近平总书记指出：“在五千多年中华文明深厚基础上开辟和发展中国特色社会主义把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际、同中华优秀传统文化相结合是必由之路。”明确了思想政治教育守正与创新中遵循“两个结合”的历史逻辑，将马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化相结合，进一步坚定历史和文化自信，使思想政治教育事业更具中国特色。习近平总书记多次强调“四史”教育的重要性，“要弘扬中华优秀传统文化和革命文化、社会主义先进文化，实施中华文化传承工程，推动中华优秀传统文化融入教育教学，加强革命文化和社会主义先进文化教育”。中华文明是世界上唯一连续不断伟大文明，从历史角度赋予中华文明一以贯之的整体性，具有历史自信和文化自信。思想政治教育就是为中华民族伟大复兴奠定基础，就要结合学生实际有效推进。着眼历史，总结过去，才能把握现在，更好地开创未来。习近平总书记强调：“我们要用历史映照现实、远观未来，从中国共产党的百年奋斗中看清楚过去我们为什么能够成功、弄明白未来我们怎样才能继续成功。”思想政治教育既要关注当下问题，还要参照过去的经验教训，更要展望未来的具体走向，以实现教育的全面性和前瞻性。

The historical initiative of the “Two Integrations” is even more reflected in methods and strategies. Adhere to proceeding from reality in everything, especially in today’s changes unseen in a century, where competition among nations is ultimately competition for talent. Ideological and political education is intrinsically manifested in the effectiveness of fostering virtue through education (立德树人), [8]8 “Fostering virtue through education” (立德树人) is a central principle of Chinese educational policy, emphasizing moral cultivation as the foundation of talent development. highlighting in historical initiative the practical path of combining practice with concrete reality. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “China’s firm confidence in its path, theory, and system is essentially based on cultural confidence built on more than 5,000 years of civilizational heritage.” [9]9 Xi Jinping, speech at the opening ceremony of the Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations, 2019. Fine traditional Chinese culture is the root that ideological and political education should uphold. As the vanguard and pioneer in fostering virtue through education, ideological and political education focuses on the cohesive and leading power of socialist ideology, adheres to proceeding from reality in cultivating the “root” of fine traditional Chinese culture and forging the “soul” of China’s revolutionary culture, engages in creative transformation and innovative development, promotes national rejuvenation, and provides basic support for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Grasping the historical logic of ideological and political education lies in “seizing the initiative in the field of cultural construction, making Marxism Chinese and transforming fine traditional Chinese culture into a modern form,” [10]10 Paraphrase of Xi Jinping’s formulation on cultural construction, 2023. and through the combination and optimization under practice, elevating it into advanced socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, which then becomes a living textbook for ideological and political education.

“两个结合”的历史主动更加体现在方法策略上。坚持一切从实际出发，尤其是当今百年未有之大变局，各国之间的竞争，归根结底是人才的竞争。思想政治教育内在体现为立德树人的成效，在历史主动中突出实践与具体实际相结合的践行理路。习近平总书记指出：“中国有坚定的道路自信、理论自信、制度自信，其本质是建立在5000多年文明传承基础上的文化自信。”中华优秀传统文化则是思想政治教育应坚守的根脉。思想政治教育作为立德树人的排头兵、先行者，注重社会主义意识形态的凝聚力、引领力，在培中华优秀传统文化之“根”铸中国革命文化之“魂”中坚持从实际出发，创造性转化、创新性发展，推动民族振兴，为中华民族伟大复兴提供基础支撑。把握思想政治教育的历史逻辑，在于“掌握文化建设领域的主动权，让马克思主义成为中国的，中华优秀传统文化转换成现代的”，并通过实践下的结合与优化提升为中国特色社会主义先进文化，继而成为思想政治教育鲜活教材。

IV. The Practical Path of Empowering Ideological and Political Education through the “Two Integrations”

四、以“两个结合”赋能思想政治教育的践行理路

As the greatest magic weapon for our Party to achieve great accomplishments, the “Two Integrations” elucidate the dialectical unity of Marxism adapted to the Chinese context and the needs of the times and the sinicization of Marxism through practice. It requires both making Marxism speak Chinese and, based on reality, transforming traditional Chinese culture into a modern form, always adhering to upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground. In ideological and political education, upholding fundamental principles is the prerequisite, while breaking new ground is the source of vitality. Only through innovation can we face new situations, solve new problems, and continuously enrich and improve the basic theories of the discipline. Grasping the epochal characteristics of the “Two Integrations” lies in ideological and political education combining with the concrete reality of the New Era, transforming the basic theories of Marxism and fine traditional Chinese culture into contemporary education, and enhancing the political, ideological, theoretical, and emotional identification of all teachers and students with Marxism adapted to the Chinese context and the needs of the times — this is precisely the value appeal of current ideological and political education. The epochal value of the “Two Integrations” empowers ideological and political education to be adept at grasping the theoretical characteristics of the “Two Integrations,” achieving the unity of content and form. Targeting the practical initiative of the “Two Integrations,” it stimulates the source of motivation for ideological and political education. In implementing the historical initiative of the “Two Integrations,” it cultivates the “root” and forges the “soul,” enhancing cultural confidence. In the strategy of integrating the achievements of the “Two Integrations” into ideological and political education, it highlights the epochal value of the “Two Integrations,” grasps the thinking logic of the “adaptation to the Chinese context and the needs of the times” of Marxist achievements and the “sinicization” of the practice of basic Marxist principles, thereby raising the level of ideological and political education, and advancing the effective implementation of ideological and political education in the evolution of practice.

“两个结合”作为我们党取得伟大成就的最大法宝，阐释了中国化时代化的马克思主义与马克思主义化中国的辩证统一，既要让马克思主义讲中国话，又要根据现实让中华传统文化转换成现代形态，始终坚持守正创新。思想政治教育守正是前提，创新是源头活水，只有创新才能面对新情况、解决新问题，不断丰富和完善学科基础理论。把握“两个结合”的时代特性，在于思想政治教育结合新时代具体实际，把马克思主义基本理论、中华优秀传统文化转化为当代教育，增强全体师生对中国化时代化的马克思主义的政治认同、思想认同、理论认同、情感认同，正是当下思想政治教育的价值诉求。“两个结合”的时代价值赋能思想政治教育善于把握“两个结合”的理论特质，实现内容与形式的统一，针对“两个结合”的实践能动，激发思想政治教育的动力之源，在落实“两个结合”的历史主动中，培“根”铸“魂”，增强文化自信。“两个结合”的成果融入思想政治教育的策略上，突出“两个结合”的时代价值，把握马克思主义成果的“中国化时代化”与马克思主义基本原理实践的“化中国”思维逻辑中提升思想政治教育水平，在实践的演进中推进思想政治教育践行见效。

First, the theoretical characteristics of the “Two Integrations” [11]11 The “Two Integrations” (两个结合) refers to the integration of the basic principles of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the fine traditional Chinese culture, a key concept in Xi Jinping Thought. realize the unity of content and method in ideological and political education. Ideological and political education is the main channel for cultivating the “Two Integrations” and bears an inescapable responsibility. To put into practice the theoretical characteristics of the “Two Integrations,” it is necessary to grasp the creativity, openness, and contemporaneity of ideological and political education. In particular, the people-centered character [12]12 The term “people-centered character” (人民性) denotes the quality of being oriented toward and serving the people, a core principle in Chinese Marxist discourse. must implement the concept of putting students first. Given the disciplinary differences that exist in the integration of ideological and political elements into curricula, the perspective for solving problems varies accordingly. Regarding the integration of the theoretical achievements of the “Two Integrations” into ideological and political education, it is necessary both to insist on creating an overall atmosphere and to proceed with emphasis and in steps, integrating them into relevant courses, explaining them fully, thoroughly, and completely, and avoiding repetition as much as possible. This requires that, while ensuring holistic integration, the emphasis of a particular value be highlighted in teaching according to the distribution of scholarly content in each course, and that the distribution of courses and the organic combination of teaching points be coordinated as a whole, so as to maximize the effectiveness of education.

其一，“两个结合”的理论特质，实现了思想政治教育内容与方式的统一。思想政治教育是培育“两个结合”的主渠道，担当着义不容辞的责任。践行“两个结合”的理论特质，就要把握思想政治教育的创造性、开放性与时代性。尤其是，人民性中落实以学生为本的理念。根据课程思政存在的学科差异，在解决问题的视角上有所不同。针对“两个结合”的理论成果融入思想政治教育，既要坚持整体性氛围的营造，又要有侧重、有步骤，融入到相关课程，讲全、讲透、讲完整，尽可能地避免重复。这就需要在保证整体性融入的同时，根据每一门课程的学理性分布，有重点地突出某一价值的讲授，统筹把握好课程的分布与讲授要点的有机结合，以实现教育效果的最大化。

First, put into practice the innovativeness of the “Two Integrations” by enriching campus culture through the transmission of red genes [13]13 “Red genes” (红色基因) is a metaphor for the revolutionary heritage and ideological legacy of the Communist Party of China, passed down through generations.. Enhance the connotation of campus culture, draw on the innovative characteristics of the “Two Integrations,” fully reflect the deep-seated value system embedded in campus culture, provide behavioral references for teachers and students, and subtly influence their ideological and moral character, behavioral norms, and lifestyles. Transmit red genes to enrich campus culture, use the campus environment to edify people, use the connotation of campus culture to unite people, and use the spirit of campus culture to guide and inspire people. Be adept at leveraging the role of mass organizations [14]14 “Mass organizations” (群团组织) refers to Party-led people’s organizations such as trade unions, the Communist Youth League, and women’s federations, which mobilize specific social groups.. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “The Party’s mass organizations, in light of their own realities, closely focus on enhancing ‘political nature, advanced nature, and mass character,’ and consolidate the grassroots foundation of mass work.” School mass organizations are advanced organizations that unite and influence students. Taking student clubs and student science and technology activities as the starting point, they advance the red spirit from point to line to surface. Relying on the Challenge Cup [15]15 The “Challenge Cup” (挑战杯) is a national university-level science and technology competition in China, often used to promote innovation and ideological education. and elegant arts entering campus [16]16 “Elegant arts entering campus” (高雅艺术进校园) is a government-sponsored program to bring high-culture performances (e.g., opera, ballet) into schools for cultural enrichment., organically integrate red culture, leading and driving the construction of campus culture. Strive to create a campus cultural atmosphere of “Party building guidance, red heritage transmission, fostering virtue through education, and building the school through culture,” so as to achieve the goal of arming people with scientific theory, guiding people with correct public opinion, and shaping people with noble spirit.

首先，践行“两个结合”的创新性，在传承红色基因中丰富校园文化。提升校园文化内涵，汲取“两个结合”创新特质，充分体现校园文化蕴含深层次的价值体系，为师生提供行为参照，潜移默化地影响师生的思想品德、行为规范和生活方式。传承红色基因丰富校园文化，用校园环境熏陶人，校园文化内涵凝聚人，校园文化精神引导人、鼓舞人。善于发挥群团作用，习近平总书记指出：“党的群团组织结合自身实际，紧紧围绕增强‘政治性、先进性、群众性’，夯实群团工作基层基础。”学校群团是凝聚学生、影响学生的先进组织，以学生社团、学生科技活动为抓手，使红色精神由点到线再到面的推进。以挑战杯、高雅艺术进校园为依托，将红色文化有机融入，引领带动校园文化建设。着力营造“党建引领、红色传承、立德树人、文化铸校”的校园文化氛围，实现以科学理论武装人、正确舆论引导人、高尚精神塑造人。

Second, put into practice the openness and contemporaneity of the “Two Integrations” by organically integrating red culture into teaching materials and permeating it into the classroom. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “History is the best textbook. Studying the history of the Party and the history of the country is a compulsory course for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics and advancing the various undertakings of the Party and the state.” Organically integrate the theoretical achievements of the “Two Integrations” into teaching materials, constructing a cultivation system with far-reaching influence that touches the soul. “Entering teaching materials” means transforming the theoretical system of the “Two Integrations” into a teaching material system. Innovatively compile teaching cases for ideological and political theory courses, timely introduce touching scenes from red resources, clarify knowledge points through vivid cases, “write red stories well” in language that touches students’ hearts, and explain the red spirit in simple and profound words, so as to realize a curriculum system for ideological and political theory course teaching with “advanced formulas,” “exquisite craftsmanship,” and “fashionable packaging.” For the theoretical achievements of the “Two Integrations” to enter the classroom, “emphasize the practicality of ideological and political courses, and combine the small classroom of ideological and political courses with the big classroom of society.” Adhere to the connotation of openness and contemporaneity of the “Two Integrations,” enrich the teaching content of ideological and political theory courses, and insist on organically combining the transmission of knowledge with the transmission of faith. Promote the unity of value and knowledge in ideological and political education, link profound Marxist theory with the vivid practice of the New Era, earnestly tell the century-long struggle of the Communist Party of China and the great miracles it has created, and concretize the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists, which embodies the spirit of the times and the national spirit, into vivid deeds, truly telling the Chinese stories of the past, present, and future. “Entering the classroom” truly makes students understand the principle of “how history came to be and how it will continue.” The theoretical characteristics of the “Two Integrations” have a distinct red hue. Deeply explore the red spirit, transform the theoretical system of red resources into a teaching material system, and then transform it from a teaching material embodiment into a teaching system, which must always run through students’ cognitive systems, thereby promoting ideological and political theory course teaching to be substantial yet flexible, principled yet nuanced, emotionally engaging yet meaningful, and rich yet tasteful. Profoundly analyze the knowledge points in each teaching material, carry out organic integration, deepen students’ understanding and perception of the red spirit, and generate resonance.

其次，践行“两个结合”的开放性与时代性，将红色文化有机融入教材、渗入课堂。习近平总书记指出：“历史是最好的教科书。学习党史、国史，是坚持和发展中国特色社会主义、把党和国家各项事业继续推向前进的必修课。”将“两个结合”的理论成果有机融入教材，构建具有深远影响和触动心灵的培养体系。“进教材”就是要把“两个结合”的理论体系转化为教材体系。创新性地编写思想政治理论课教学案例，适时引入红色资源的感人场景，通过生动案例讲清知识点，用打动学生心扉的语言“写好红色故事”，用深入浅出的文字阐释红色精神，实现思想政治理论课教学“配方”先进、“工艺”精湛、“包装”时尚的课程体系。“两个结合”理论成果进课堂，“重视思政课的实践性，把思政小课堂同社会大课堂结合起来”。坚持“两个结合”的开放性与时代性内涵，丰富思想政治理论课教学内容，坚持将知识的传授和信仰的传递有机结合起来。推动思想政治教育的价值性和知识性的统一，将深厚的马克思主义理论与新时代的鲜活实践联系起来，深情讲好中国共产党的百年奋斗历程，创造出的一个个伟大奇迹，将凝结着时代精神和民族精神的中国共产党人精神谱系具象化为鲜活的事迹，真正讲好过去、现在和未来的中国故事。“进课堂”真正让学生清楚“历史怎样走来、又怎样走下去”的道理。“两个结合”的理论特质具有鲜明的红色，深入发掘红色精神，把红色资源的理论体系转化为教材体系，再由教材体现转化成教学体系，要始终贯穿学生的认知体系，从而促使思想政治理论课教学的有虚有实、有棱有角、有情有义、有滋有味，深刻分析各门教材中的知识点，进行有机整合，加深学生对红色精神的理解与感悟，产生共鸣。

Third, put into practice the people-centered character of the “Two Integrations” by transforming the cognitive system into a belief system for serving the people. The people-centered character is the distinct stance of the theoretical characteristics of the “Two Integrations.” Through the construction of a theoretical system, promote the formation of a spiritual system. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Without spirit, a person cannot stand; without spirit, a country cannot be strong.” In doing ideological and political education work well, be adept at “telling red stories well,” so that the red spirit enters the mind and heart. Telling red stories well insists on using red scenes to move people, tragic plots to touch people, and the connotation of the spirit to inspire people. Through emotional exchange, drive emotions, render feelings, and stimulate students’ spiritual shock, so that the red revolutionary spirit enters the mind and heart, transforming the cognitive system into a belief system for serving the people, and consolidating students’ people-centered stance. Regarding the red culture of students’ hometowns, using technology as a means and practice as a carrier, through a series of links of “entering red – perceiving red – sharing red,” perceive the cases of red resources in their hometowns, and promote exchange and sharing between teachers and students, jointly transmitting the red gene. Especially, display them in ideological and political theory courses, and integrate the connotation value and spirit of red resources into a red database, providing data resources for subsequent students to share and learn, continuously enriching and optimizing the peer red discourse system, realizing data sharing, leading ideological and political education to reach consensus through interactive collision, effectively breaking through the shackles of traditional models, promoting the transformation of the cognitive system, internalizing it into a conscious sense of responsibility, and externalizing it into concrete actions.

再次，践行“两个结合”的人民性，将认知体系转化为为民服务的信仰体系。人民性是“两个结合”理论特质的鲜明立场。通过理论体系构建，促使精神体系的构成。习近平总书记指出：“人无精神不立，国无精神不强。”做好思想政治教育工作善于“讲好红色故事”，让红色精神入心入脑。讲好红色故事坚持以红色场景感染人、悲壮的情节打动人、内涵的精神激励人。通过情感交流，带动情绪、渲染情感，激发学生心灵震撼，让红色革命精神入心入脑，将认知体系转化为为民服务的信仰体系，筑牢学生的人民立场。针对学生家乡的红色文化，以技术为手段，实践为载体，通过“走进红色-感悟红色-共享红色”的系列环节，感知家乡的红色资源案例，并促进师生的交流分享，共同传承红色基因，尤其是在思想政治理论课上进行展示，并将红色资源内涵价值及精神融入到红色数据库，为后续的学生分享学习提供数据资源，不断丰富优化同龄红色话语体系，实现数据共享，引领思想政治教育在交互碰撞中达成共识，有效突破传统模式的桎梏，推动认知体系转化，内化为担当自觉，外化为实际行动。

Second, the practical initiative of the “Two Integrations” is the source of motivation for stimulating ideological and political education. At present, the weight of school reform tasks is unprecedented. It is necessary to uphold fundamental principles and break new ground, further integrate the basic principles of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the fine traditional Chinese culture, be brave in combining new practices to continuously advance theoretical innovation, be adept at using new theories to guide new practice, adhere to the practical thinking of the “Two Integrations,” grasp the connotation of practice, highlight practical initiative, use Marxism to observe the times, interpret the times, and lead the times, continuously advance the adaptation of Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, let Marxism demonstrate a more powerful and convincing truth force on campus, so that the “Two Integrations” stimulate the source of motivation for ideological and political education in the practice of “sinicizing” China, and enable ideological and political education to better guide and lead practice.

其二，“两个结合”的实践能动，是激发思想政治教育的动力之源。当前，学校改革任务之重，是前所未有，就必须坚持守正创新，进一步把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合、同中华优秀传统文化相结合，勇于结合新的实践不断推进理论创新、善于用新的理论指导新的实践，坚持“两个结合”的实践思维，把握实践内涵，突出实践能动，用马克思主义观察时代、解读时代、引领时代，不断推进马克思主义中国化时代化，让马克思主义在校园展现出更强大、更有说服力的真理力量，使“两个结合”在“化中国”的实践中激发思想政治教育动力之源，使思想政治教育更好地指导实践引领实践。

First, the practical consciousness of the “Two Integrations” can stimulate the source of motivation for ideological and political education. Guided by the practical consciousness of the “Two Integrations,” students are led to take the initiative to practice, dare to struggle, and gain value inspiration in practice. “Happiness comes from struggle,” “Only a life of struggle can be called a happy life,” “Youth is meant for struggle,” “Struggle is the brightest底色 of youth.”[n17] We must persist in improving cognitive levels and enhancing insight in practice, creating one’s own value through struggle, and achieving a brilliant life. Based on the practical consciousness of the “Two Integrations,” schools serve as the main channel. In talent cultivation, they must handle the relationship between “knowing” (知) and “doing” (行), emphasizing “practicing” (尚行) on the basis of “earnest learning” (笃学). Through the rational advancement of practice-based education, the superiority of practice-based education is strengthened, and theoretical education is deepened in practice. General Secretary Xi Jinping has put forward clear requirements for knowledge and skills, pointing out: “Vigorously promote the integration of industry and education, improve the education mechanism that combines virtue and skill cultivation with work-study integration, and continuously cultivate hundreds of millions of high-quality industrial new forces for all walks of life.” Theory comes from practice, and practice in turn tests theory. The key to correcting the “five outlooks”[n18] in practice lies in the consciousness of behavior. In the New Era, we must focus on “three-wide education,”[n19] promote a quality-centered reform of the education model, strengthen fostering virtue through education (立德树人), emphasize the equal importance of knowledge and skills, and cultivate students’ abilities for lifelong learning, for applying knowledge to practical affairs (经世致用), and for innovation and creation. Confucius advocated “learning to know” (学而知之); learning is the way to acquire knowledge, and the knowledge gained should be applied to practice. To this end, Confucius stated: “If a man recites the three hundred odes, but when given a government post, cannot carry out his duties, or when sent on a mission to the four quarters, cannot respond on his own, though he has learned much, what use is it?”[n20] Therefore, how knowledge is grounded and quickly transformed into practical consciousness and enhanced ability is the foothold of school education. Knowledge that is practically conscious and applicable to practical affairs is the cornerstone for promoting ability development and social progress. Lifelong learning is the only way. Students should be guided to develop the habit of lifelong learning, so that knowledge and ability continuously integrate and adapt in the learning process, promoting students’ personal development and social progress. The Confucian advocacy of “broad learning” (博学) breaks through the level of knowledge transmission, extends to the level of practice, emphasizes the significance and role of practice in talent cultivation, and takes cultivating practical talents as the ultimate goal. In the New Era, school education is not only about imparting basic disciplinary knowledge but should also focus on the complete structure of the knowledge framework, with social sciences and natural sciences echoing each other, to better cultivate students, guide them to be adept at practice, and thus achieve the unity of theory and practice.

首先，“两个结合”的实践自觉性，能激发思想政治教育的动力之源。以“两个结合”的实践自觉性，引领学生主动实践，敢于奋斗，在实践中获得价值启迪。“幸福是奋斗而来”“只有奋斗的人生称得上幸福的人生” “青春是用来奋斗的” “奋斗是青春最亮丽的底色”。坚持在实践中提升认知水平、增强洞察能力，在奋斗中创造自身价值，成就出彩人生。依据“两个结合”的实践自觉性，学校是发挥的主渠道，在人才培养上处理好“知”“行”的关系，在“笃学”的基础上强调“尚行”，通过实践育人的理性推进，强化实践育人的优越性，在实践中深化理论教育。习近平总书记对学识与技能提出了明确要求，指出：“大力推进产教融合，健全德技并修、工学结合的育人机制，源源不断为各行各业培养亿万高素质的产业生力军。” 理论来自实践，实践又检验理论，在实践中纠偏“五观”，其关键在于行为的自觉。新时代，我们要聚焦“三全育人”，推动以质量为核心的育人模式改革，强化立德树人，注重学识与技能并重，培养学生终身学习的能力、经世致用的能力、创新创造的能力。孔子主张“学而知之”，学习是获取知识的途径，而获得的知识应该运用到实践当中。为此孔子指出：“诵《诗》三百，授之以政，不达；使于四方，不能专对；虽多，亦奚以为？”故而，知识如何落地，快速转换为实践自觉与能力的提升，是学校育人的立足点。针对实践自觉、可经世致用的知识是推动能力发展、社会进步的基石，终身学习是唯一途径，引导学生养成终身学习的习惯，使知识与能力在学习中不断融合、适配，推动学生的个人发展和社会进步。儒家主张的“博学”突破了知识传授层面，扩展到实践层面，强调实践对人才培养的意义和作用，以培养实践人才为最终目标。新时代学校教育不仅是基础学科知识的传授，更应注重知识框架的完整架构，社会学科与自然学科彼此呼应，更好的培育学生，指导学生善于实践，从而实现理论与实践的统一。

Second, the practical historicity of the “Two Integrations” can stimulate the patriotic feelings of family and country (家国情怀) in ideological and political education. The foothold of fostering virtue through education lies in “establishing great aspirations, understanding great virtue, achieving great talent, and undertaking great responsibilities,” taking “serving the people and contributing to society” as the ultimate destination of life’s struggle. The “Two Integrations” vividly interpret the process of revolution, construction, and reform in “adapting to the Chinese context and the needs of the times.” During the revolutionary war years, martyrs were filled with revolutionary ideals and shed their blood for national independence and liberation. On the centenary of the founding of the Party, the Central Committee compiled the first spiritual pedigree of Chinese Communists.[n21] Ideological and political education should accurately design issues according to this spiritual pedigree, so that students understand that the Party’s century-long practical process is a glorious history of heroic struggle, promoting the main theme and transmitting positive energy. Adhere to the unity of political nature and academic rationality, the unity of value and knowledge, respond to students with thorough academic reasoning, guide students with the power of truth, use the basic positions, viewpoints, and methods of Marxism to solve students’ doubts, improve students’ ability to distinguish right from wrong, and highlight the practical historicity of the “Two Integrations.” In the New Era, ideological and political education should be adept at grasping the practical connotation of the “Two Integrations,” promote the enhancement of patriotic feelings of family and country in ideological and political education, design and utilize these moving typical cases well, use their inherent theoretical value to stimulate students’ sense of social responsibility and national sentiment, and cultivate noble moral qualities. Ideological and political education cultivates students’ patriotic feelings of family and country, excavates typical cases in the practice of the “Two Integrations,” and uses these cases as the best nutrient and the best textbook. Repeatedly reviewing these great revolutionary spirits will increase positive energy in the heart, strengthen ideals and beliefs, and cultivate young people of the New Era who establish great aspirations, understand great virtue, achieve great talent, and undertake great responsibilities.

其次，“两个结合”的实践历史性，能激发思想政治教育的家国情怀。立德树人的落脚点在于“立大志、明大德、成大才、担大任”，把“服务人民，贡献社会”作为人生奋斗的最终归宿。“两个结合”生动诠释了“中国化时代化”的革命、建设和改革历程。革命战争年代，先烈们满怀革命理想，为民族独立和解放抛洒热血。建党百年之际，中央梳理的第一批中国共产党人的精神谱系，思想政治教育按照这个精神谱系来准确设计问题，使学生明晰党的百年实践历程就是一部英勇奋斗的光荣史，弘扬主旋律，传递正能量。坚持政治性和学理性相统一、价值性和知识性相统一，以透彻的学理回应学生，以真理的力量引导学生，用马克思主义的基本立场、观点和方法解决学生的困惑，提高学生明辨是非的能力，突出“两个结合”的实践历史性。新时代，思想政治教育善于把握“两个结合”的实践内涵，推进思想政治教育家国情怀的提升，设计好、利用好这些可歌可泣的典型案例，用其内涵理论价值激发学生的社会责任感、民族情怀，培育高尚道德品质。思想政治教育培育学生家国情怀，在“两个结合”的实践中挖掘典型案例，用这些案例是最好的营养剂，最好的教科书，多重温这些伟大革命精神，心中就会增加正能量，坚定理想信念，养成立大志、明大德、成大才，担当大任的新时代青年。

Third, the practical initiative of the “Two Integrations” can stimulate the sublimation of ideological and political education from perceptual cognition to rational cognition. Make full use of the century-old sediments of the “Two Integrations,” combined with scenes to “tell red stories well.” Ideological and political education, targeting the life stories of national heroes, excavates the “historical material details” of heroic figures, allowing students to come into zero-distance contact with physical relics and scenes, achieving upward and downward extension, left and right expansion, truly understanding their spiritual connotations, being adept at grasping the practical initiative of the “Two Integrations,” bringing impetus to ideological and political education, stimulating ideological and political education from perceptual cognition to rational cognition, further inspiring patriotic feelings and aspirations to strengthen the country, and firmly establishing the mission of “serving the people and contributing to society” from the depths of the heart. In enriching students’ perceptual content, schools should make good use of and give full play to the role of the school history museum, be adept at using the red scenes of the school history museum to move people, the tragic plots to touch people, the connotative spirit to inspire people, revolutionary culture to inherit people, and red genes to shape people, prompting the transformation of the cognitive system into a belief system. The practical initiative of the “Two Integrations” shows that from rationality to practice is only one step away. In cultivating students’ practical initiative, in addition to using material objects to stimulate, it is even more necessary to cultivate students’ spirit of exploration and innovation, encourage students to step out of the classroom, out of the campus, and into practice, realize the connection and interaction between disciplinary knowledge and social practice, actively apply knowledge to reality, achieve the sublimation from perceptual cognition to rational cognition, and thus cultivate students’ ability to apply knowledge to practical affairs.

再次，“两个结合”的实践能动性，能激发思想政治教育从感性认知到理性认知升华。充分利用“两个结合”的百年沉淀物，结合场景“讲好红色故事”。思想政治教育针对民族英雄的生平故事，挖掘英雄人物的“史料细节”，让学生零距离地接触实景遗物，实现上下延伸、左右拓展，真正领会其精神内涵，善于把握“两个结合”的实践能动，为思想政治教育带来促动，激发思想政治教育从感性认知到理性认知，进一步激发爱国情、强国志，从内心深处坚定“服务人民，奉献社会”的使命担当。学校在丰富学生感性内容上，利用好、发挥好校史馆的作用，善于运用校史馆的红色场景感染人、悲壮的情节打动人、内涵的精神激励人，革命文化传承人，红色基因塑造人，促使认知体系转化为信仰体系。“两个结合”的实践能动说明，从理性到实践仅一步之遥，在培养学生实践能动性上，除用物化激发外，更要培养学生的探索精神、创新精神，鼓励学生走出课堂、走出校园、走向实践，实现学科知识与社会实践的衔接和互动，主动把知识运用到实际中去，实现感性认知到理性认知的升华，从而培养学生经世致用的能力。

Fourth, the historical initiative of the “Two Integrations” can stimulate ideological and political education to strengthen cultural confidence in cultivating the “root” and forging the “soul.” The “Two Integrations” have unlocked the code of fine traditional Chinese culture, strengthened the “root” of fine traditional Chinese culture, highlighted the “soul” of the revolutionary spirit, and manifested the “substance” (蕴) of advanced socialist culture. Without a root, the “soul” cannot take hold and is unsustainable; without a soul, the “root” will lack “calcium”[n22] and wither, unable to flourish. The substance, nourished by the root and soul, becomes consolidated and robust, with luxuriant branches and leaves. These three cultures share the same bloodline and together constitute the culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics, being the intellectual achievements of the Chinese nation in different periods of development. By practicing the historical initiative of the “Two Integrations,” ideological and political education should adhere to using culture to guide the way, promote the interactive enhancement of theoretical innovation and practical exploration, absorb the essence from the inclusive integration of Chinese and foreign cultures, and prompt ideological and political education to strengthen cultural confidence in cultivating the “root” and forging the “soul.”

其三，“两个结合”的历史主动性，能激发思想政治教育在培“根”铸“魂”中坚定文化自信。“两个结合”激活了中华优秀传统文化的密码，强化了中华优秀传统文化之“根”，突出了革命精神之“魂”，彰显了社会主义先进文化之“蕴”。“魂”没有根就不能落地，难以为继，“根”没有魂就会缺“钙”而枯萎，不能枝繁叶茂，蕴在根与魂的营养下变得固本强基枝繁叶茂。这三种文化具有相同的血脉，共同构成中国特色社会主义文化，是中华民族不同发展时期的智慧成果。践行“两个结合”的历史主动，思想政治教育就应坚持以文引路，推进理论创新与实践探索的互动提升，在中外文化的兼收并蓄中取之精华，促使思想政治教育在培“根”铸“魂”中坚定文化自信。

First, to practice the historical initiative of the “Two Integrations,” using culture to guide the way and transform hearts and minds. The “Two Integrations” means “linking the essence of Marxist thought with the cream of fine traditional Chinese culture, and integrating it with the common values that the people use daily without conscious awareness,” so that the two are organically combined and mutually reinforcing, giving rise to an organic and unified new cultural life-form. General Secretary Xi Jinping points out: “Chinese culture embodies the deepest spiritual pursuits of the Chinese nation, contains the most fundamental spiritual genes of the Chinese nation, and represents the unique spiritual identity of the Chinese nation; it is the rich nourishment for the endless growth and flourishing of the Chinese nation.” [23]23 “增强做中国人的骨气和底气的自信” (zēngqiáng zuò Zhōngguó rén de gǔqì hé dǐqì de zìxìn) – A formulation derived from Xi Jinping’s speeches, meaning “to strengthen the confidence in the backbone and the foundation for being Chinese.” It emphasizes cultural confidence and national pride rooted in Chinese civilization and the socialist path. Rooted in the foundations of world culture, to practice the historical initiative of the “Two Integrations” we must further strengthen the “root” of fine traditional Chinese culture, highlight the “soul” of the revolutionary spirit, and manifest the “substance” of advanced socialist culture. Fine traditional Chinese culture is what manifests the “confidence” of the Chinese people; fine traditional Chinese culture, with Confucianism as its mainstream, flows in the spiritual bloodline of the sons and daughters of China and is the spiritual foundation of the Chinese people. The *Book of Changes* states: “Observe the patterns of heaven to discern the changes of the seasons; observe the patterns of humanity to transform and complete the world.” [24] The historical initiative of the “Two Integrations” guides the educational effectiveness of fine traditional Chinese culture in nurturing people, cultivating socialist builders and reliable successors who do not forget the path they have come from. Fei Xiaotong pointed out that cultural consciousness is the self-awakening, self-reflection, and self-creation of culture, using a rational and scientific attitude and the principle of seeking truth from facts to understand one’s own national culture and comprehend the cultures of other nations, thereby constructing a set of principles for coexistence: “Each appreciates its own beauty, appreciates the beauty of others, shares beauty in unity, and achieves great harmony under heaven.” [25] To bring fine traditional Chinese culture into modern society, and under the guidance of the basic principles of Marxism, it must be utilized innovatively, continuously bringing forth the new from the old, so that fine traditional culture integrates with methods and approaches that modern people find appealing. Ideological and political education must also concern itself with humanity, insist on using culture to guide the way, correctly understand one’s own civilization, engage in rational reflection on one’s own civilization, treat it dialectically and inherit it through sublation, manifesting one’s own beauty, and moreover nourish it gently like a gentle breeze and fine rain, only then can it transform hearts and minds. Schools, as important venues for practicing “cultural consciousness,” possess unique cultural advantages, dedicated research expert teams, and resource advantages that lead new trends in disciplines. They actively explore and answer the various questions raised by “cultural consciousness,” thereby forming a rich cultural atmosphere that nourishes the spiritual world of teachers and students, realizing the use of culture to guide the way and strengthening cultural confidence.

首先，践行“两个结合”的历史主动，以文引路化育人心。“两个结合”是要“把马克思主义思想精髓同中华优秀传统文化精华贯通起来、同人民群众日用而不觉的共同价值观念融通起来”，使二者有机结合、互相成就，造就一个有机统一的新的文化生命体。习近平总书记指出：“中华文化积淀着中华民族最深沉的精神追求,包含着中华民族最根本的精神基因,代表着中华民族独特的精神标识,是中华民族生生不息、发展壮大的丰厚滋养。”立足世界文化根基，践行“两个结合”的历史主动，就要进一步强化中华优秀传统文化之“根”，突出革命精神之“魂”，彰显社会主义先进文化之“蕴”。中华优秀传统文化是彰显中国人民的“底气”所在，以儒家思想为主流的中华优秀传统文化，流淌在华夏儿女的精神血脉之中，是中华儿女的精神根基。《周易》谈及“关乎天文，以察时变。关乎人文，以化成天下”。“两个结合”的历史主动指引中华优秀传统文化育人实效，培育不忘来路的社会主义建设者和可靠接班人。费孝通指出，文化自觉就是文化的自我觉醒、自我反省与自我创建，用理性科学的态度、实事求是的原则，认识自己的民族文化，理解其他民族的文化，从而构建一套“各美其美，美人之美，美美与共，天下大同”的共处之道。使中华优秀传统文化落地现代社会，并在马克思主义基本原理指导下，需要创新性的加以利用，不断推陈出新，使优秀传统文化与现代人喜闻乐见的方式方法相融合。思想政治教育更要关乎人文，坚持以文引路，正确认识自身文明，对自身文明进行理性反思，辩证地看待和扬弃地继承，体现自身之美，更要和风细雨中滋养，方能化育人心。学校作为践行“文化自觉”的重要场所，因其得天独厚的文化优势，专心致志的科研专家团队，具有引领学科新风尚的资源优势，积极探索并回答“文化自觉”所提出的各类问题，从而形成浓厚的文化氛围，滋养师生的精神世界，实现以文引路，坚定文化自信。

Second, to practice the historical initiative of the “Two Integrations,” promoting the mutual enhancement of theoretical innovation and practical exploration. General Secretary Xi Jinping points out: “We must increase positive publicity regarding the excellent culture and glorious history of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation.” Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the state has attached great importance to the inheritance and development of its own traditional culture. The “Two Integrations” profoundly reveals the internal logic by which the CPC has successfully adapted Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, explains the objective inevitability of the combination of fine traditional Chinese culture and Marxism, gains insight into reality, promotes the process of the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese traditional culture, and simultaneously drives the enhancement of ideological and political education in grasping the interaction between theoretical innovation and practical exploration. The “Two Integrations” have further awakened people of all ethnic groups in China to the great significance of fine traditional Chinese culture, the major contributions made to the world by five thousand years of cultural-ethical progress and accumulated knowledge and wisdom, and manifest the “confidence” of the Chinese people. Ideological and political education should plan anew based on historical achievements, accumulate wisdom, effectively grasp the historical initiative of the “Two Integrations,” and promote theoretical innovation and practical exploration to continue winning the future through positive interaction. School teachers, in education and teaching, scientific research, cultural inheritance and innovation, and social services, adhere to the “Four Unities,” [26] strengthen the “Four Services,” [27] implement the “Nine Persistences,” [28] persist in theoretical innovation and practical exploration, focus educational efforts on fostering virtue through education, exert their own initiative, activity, and creativity within the “Six Essentials and Eight Unifications,” [29] continuously enhance the ideological nature, theoretical nature, affinity, and targetedness of ideological and political education, always adhere to a student-centered approach, for the students, caring for students, serving students, and integrate the historical achievements of the “Two Integrations” into the entire process and all aspects of ideological and political education through the positive interaction of theoretical innovation and practical exploration, continuously raising the level of ideological and political education.

其次，践行“两个结合”的历史主动，推动理论创新与实践探索在互动中提升。习近平总书记指出：“对中国人民和中华民族的优秀文化和光荣历史，要加大正面宣传力度。”党的十八大以来，国家高度重视自身传统文化的传承与发展。“两个结合”深刻揭示了中国共产党成功运用马克思主义中国化时代化的内在逻辑，阐释了中华优秀传统文化与马克思主义相结合的客观必然性，洞察现实，推动了对中国传统文化的创造性转化和创新性发展的进程，同时促进思想政治教育在把握理论创新与实践探索互动中的提升。“两个结合”使我国各族人民进一步清醒地认识到中华优秀传统文化重大意义，五千年的精神文明和积累的知识智慧为世界做出的重大贡献，彰显了中国人的“底气”。思想政治教育应站在历史成就上再谋划，积聚智慧，有效把脉“两个结合”的历史主动，推动理论创新与实践探索在良性互动中继续赢得未来。学校教师在教育教学、科学研究、文化传承与创新及社会服务中坚持“四个相统一”，强化“四个服务”，落实“九个坚持”，坚持理论创新与实践探索，把教育重心落在立德树人上，在“六要八统一”中发挥自身的积极性、主动性和创造性，不断增强思想政治教育的思想性、理论性和亲和力、针对性，始终坚持以学生为本，为了学生、关照学生、服务学生，在理论创新与实践探索的良性互动中将“两个结合”的历史成就融入思想政治教育全过程、全方位，不断提升思想政治教育水平。

Third, to practice the historical initiative of the “Two Integrations,” insisting on consolidating the “root” and forging the “soul” while being inclusive and absorbing. At the symposium commemorating the 130th anniversary of Comrade Mao Zedong’s birth, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “With an open mind as broad as the sea that admits all rivers, learn from and draw upon all the outstanding achievements of human civilization, continuously enriching the ideological and cultural resources for the Party’s theoretical innovation.” [30] The “Two Integrations” lies in drawing upon all outstanding achievements of human civilization. Schools are bridges connecting ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign, all excellent human cultural knowledge; they are transfer stations between knowledge and practice, adept at cultivating an innovative spirit, guiding students to learn the new and innovate, and improving the quality of talent cultivation. Chinese traditional culture, after being baptized by revolutionary culture, has formed advanced socialist culture through the “Two Integrations,” providing beneficial enlightenment for teachers and students to understand and transform the world, and providing beneficial inspiration for ideological and political education. In the New Era, ideological and political education insists on taking Marxism as its guide, consolidating the “root” with fine traditional Chinese culture, forging the “soul” with the revolutionary spirit, and highlighting the “substance” of advanced socialist culture; this is the proper meaning of cultivating talent in modern schools. General Secretary Xi Jinping points out: “The Chinese nation possesses a splendid

再次，践行“两个结合”的历史主动，在兼收并蓄中坚持培“根”铸“魂”。习近平总书记在纪念毛泽东同志诞辰130周年座谈会上指出：“以海纳百川的开放胸襟学习和借鉴人类社会一切优秀文明成果，不断丰富党的理论创新的思想文化资源。” “两个结合”在于借鉴人类社会一切优秀文明成果，学校是架接古今中外一切人类优秀文化知识的桥梁，是知识与实践的中转站，善于培养创新精神，引导学生知新创新，提升人才培养质量。中华传统文化经过革命文化的洗礼，在“两个结合”中形成的社会主义先进文化，为师生认识和改造世界提供有益启迪，为思想政治教育提供有益启发。新时代，思想政治教育坚持马克思主义为指导，以中华优秀传统文化培“根”，革命精神铸“魂”，突出社会主义先进文化之“蕴”，是涵养现代学校人才培养的应有之义。习近平总书记指出：“中华民族拥有在5000多年历史演进中形成的灿烂文明，中国共产党拥有百年奋斗实践和70多年执政兴国经验，我们积极学习借鉴人类文明的一切有益成果。” “两个结合”的历史主动是在兼收并蓄中取之精华，不断发展社会主义先进文化，通过变化中华优秀传统文化的表达方式，构建贴合学生的通俗话语体系，凸显思想政治教育的价值属性，成为独特的精神标识，开创思想政治教育新思维，引导学生构筑民族气节，树立国际视野。

V. Conclusion and Prospects

五、结语与展望

To implement the overall requirements put forward by General Secretary Xi Jinping of “what kind of people to cultivate, how to cultivate them, and for whom to cultivate them,” to implement the main line of fostering virtue and nurturing people, to realize the talent cultivation strategy of “students busy, teachers strong, management strict, results solid,” to clarify the construction ideas of “emerging engineering education” in light of the actual conditions of the school’s disciplines, and to make sound long-term plans and short-term plans. Taking the three objects of the “Two Integrations” and the “triple logic” of ideological and political education as the perspective, deeply grasp how the “Two Integrations” empower ideological and political education. In response to the existing problems in current ideological and political education, adhere to the guidance of the basic principles of Marxism, integrate the “root” of fine traditional Chinese culture, the “soul” of revolutionary culture, and the “substance” of advanced socialist culture into ideological and political education, and “enhance the backbone and confidence of being Chinese.” [23]23 “增强做中国人的骨气和底气的自信” (zēngqiáng zuò Zhōngguó rén de gǔqì hé dǐqì de zìxìn) – A formulation derived from Xi Jinping’s speeches, meaning “to strengthen the confidence in the backbone and the foundation for being Chinese.” It emphasizes cultural confidence and national pride rooted in Chinese civilization and the socialist path. This requires continuously exploring new methods and strategies in the creativity, openness, and practicality of the “Two Integrations,” insisting on using the “arrow” of Marxism to shoot at the “target” of China in the New Era, continuing to advance the integration of the basic principles of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the fine traditional Chinese culture, so that Marxism manifests more Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, and Chinese manner, writing a new chapter in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. Further exploration is still needed to continuously enhance the insight, persuasiveness, and appeal of ideological and political education, thereby continuously raising the level of ideological and political education.

贯彻习近平总书记提出的“培养什么人，怎样培养人，为谁培养人”的总体要求，贯彻立德树人为主线，实现“学生忙起来、教师强起来、管理严起来、效果实起来”的人才培养战略，结合学校学科实际厘清“新工科”建设思路，做好长远规划和近期谋划。以“两个结合”的三个对象与思想政治教育的“三重逻辑”为视点，深刻把握“两个结合”赋能思想政治教育，针对当下思想政治教育存在问题，坚持以马克思主义基本原理为指导，将中华优秀传统文化之“根”、革命文化之“魂”、社会主义先进文化之“蕴”融入思想政治教育，“增强做中国人的骨气和底气的自信”。就要在“两个结合”的创造性、开放性及实践性上不断探索新的方法策略，坚持用马克思主义之“矢”去射新时代中国之“的”，继续推进马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合、同中华优秀传统文化相结合，使马克思主义呈现出更多中国特色、中国风格、中国气派，续写马克思主义中国化时代化新篇章，不断增强思想政治教育的洞察力、说服力、感染力上还需进一步探索，从而不断提升思想政治教育水平。

Source: *THINKING*, July 16, 2024

文章来源：《思想战线THINKING》2024年07月16日

Online editor: Jing Mu

网络编辑：静穆