The Original Contributions of Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought and Its Contemporary Value

For any ideological theory to possess historical penetrative power, innovative leadership, and theoretical explanatory force, it must take its original contributions as a solid foundation and a distinctive hallmark. As a summation of the experience of the Party’s leadership of cultural construction in both theory and practice in the New Era, Xi Jinping’s cultural thought, with its unique, original, and exclusive original theories and viewpoints, opens up an entirely new horizon for the cultural theory of contemporary Chinese Marxism and Marxism in the 21st century. Xi Jinping’s cultural thought is the logical representation and theoretical crystallization of the Chinese Communists’ efforts to look globally while standing firmly in China, to stand at the tide of the times, respond to the changes of the times, and lead the voice of the times, striving to achieve “spiritual independence and self-reliance.” Only by systematically grasping the theoretical orientation of Xi Jinping’s cultural thought and accurately understanding its contemporary value can we more deeply comprehend its original contributions, better strengthen cultural confidence, uphold openness and inclusiveness, adhere to upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, and more consciously create a new situation for propaganda, ideology, and cultural work in the New Era.

凡是一种思想理论要具有历史穿透力、创新引领力和理论阐释力，必然要以其原创性贡献作为坚实基石和鲜明标志。作为新时代党领导文化建设理论和实践的经验总结，习近平文化思想以其独特的、独创的、独有的原创性理论和观点，开辟了当代中国马克思主义、21世纪马克思主义文化理论的全新视阈。习近平文化思想是中国共产党人放眼全球、立足中国，立时代之潮头、应时代之变迁、领时代之先声，努力实现“精神上的独立自主”的逻辑表征和理论结晶。只有系统把握习近平文化思想理论指向，准确把握习近平文化思想的当代价值，才能更加深刻理解习近平文化思想的原创性贡献，更好地坚定文化自信、秉持开放包容、坚持守正创新，更加自觉地开创新时代宣传思想文化工作新局面。

I. The Era Background of the Formation of Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought

一、习近平文化思想生成的时代背景

(A) The Question of Global Cultural Competition Amid the Accelerating Evolution of Changes Unseen in a Century

（一）百年未有之大变局加速演进过程中的全球文化竞争之问

Marx and Engels pointed out: “The real content of all epoch-making systems arises from the needs of the period in which they are formed.” Xi Jinping’s cultural thought is the crystallization of era and practice, theory and practice, and its focused perspective lies first and foremost in “changes unseen in a century.” In other words, Xi Jinping’s cultural thought emerges from the general trend of the evolution of the international situation since the 21st century; it is a scientific judgment of the changes of the times and a concentrated answer to the questions of the times. Looking back over the more than twenty years since the 21st century began, the multipolar global political and economic order formed after the end of the Cold War has developed amid twists and turns and transformed amid turbulence, with emerging market countries and developing countries experiencing a collective rise. Whether in economic strength, technological innovation capability, or cultural appeal and value penetration, the United States has demonstrated strong competitiveness. In recent years, traditional concepts of economic globalization, trade liberalization, and cultural diversity have gradually weakened within American intellectual circles, even facing the risk of marginalization. Trade protectionism, populism, and cultural conservatism have seized the opportunity to rise one after another, continuously influencing U.S. national political life, and U.S. foreign relations have become polarized, leading to successive strategic adjustments such as “pivot to Asia” and “America First.” Since the 2008 financial crisis, European countries as a whole have experienced sluggish economic recovery, and many deep-seated problems exposed and triggered have lingered unresolved to this day. The comprehensive national power of traditional European powers represented by the United Kingdom, Germany, France, and Italy has declined overall with slight differentiation, and public dissatisfaction with political elites has greatly deepened, providing soil for the resurgence of anti-globalization sentiment, trade protectionism, separatism, and populism. The liberal international order led by the United States is facing its most severe challenge since the end of the Cold War. At the same time, emerging economies have risen rapidly, especially China, which has risen quickly in just a few decades to become the world’s second-largest economy and plays an increasingly significant role in international affairs such as the situation on the Korean Peninsula, the Ukraine crisis, and the Middle East peace process, greatly changing the traditional international political and economic order.

马克思、恩格斯指出：“一切划时代的体系的真正的内容，都是由于产生这些体系的那个时期的需要而形成起来的。”习近平文化思想是时代与实践、理论与实践的结晶，其聚焦的视域首先在于“百年未有之大变局”。换言之，习近平文化思想产生于21世纪以来国际形势演变的大势之中，是对时代之变的科学判断和时代之问的集中回答。纵观21世纪以来的二十多年，冷战结束之后形成的多极化全球政治经济秩序在曲折中发展、在动荡中嬗变，新兴市场国家和发展中国家出现群体性崛起。不论是经济实力、科技创新力，还是文化吸引力、价值观渗透力，美国都表现出强有力的竞争。近年来，经济全球化、贸易自由化、文化多元化的传统理念在美国思想界逐步弱化，乃至出现了被边缘化的风险。贸易保护主义和民粹主义、文化保守主义则趁机纷纷崛起，不断影响美国国家政治生活，美国对外关系趋向极化，由此导致美国“重回亚洲”“美国优先”等战略相继调整。自2008年金融危机以来，欧洲国家整体经济复苏乏力，暴露和引发的许多深层次问题迁衍至今尚未获得有效解决。以英国、德国、法国、意大利等为代表的传统欧洲强国的综合国力在整体衰退中略有分化，民众对政治精英的不满情绪大大加深，为逆全球化思潮、贸易保护主义、分离主义和民粹主义沉渣泛起提供了土壤，美国主导的自由主义国际秩序正在面临冷战结束以来最为严峻的挑战。与此同时，新兴经济体快速崛起，尤其是中国，在短短几十年内快速崛起，成为世界第二大经济体，并在朝鲜半岛局势、乌克兰危机、中东和平进程等国际事务中日益发挥着显著作用，极大改变了传统国际政治经济秩序。

The drastic changes in the above international situation provide a broad era background for the birth of new cultural thought and cultural theory. With the shift in the balance of international forces and the increasing number of global challenges, at the historic juncture where the relationship between China and the world has undergone historic changes, the Chinese Communists urgently need to answer the complex and profound changes in the world trend through a series of new ideological and cultural viewpoints, and to answer major theoretical questions such as “Where is world civilization heading?”, “How can Chinese civilization innovate and develop?”, and “How can socialist culture with Chinese characteristics be proactive and effective?” This involves both promoting the common development of world civilizations while seeking the development of one’s own civilization, and advancing one’s own civilization development while promoting the common development of world civilizations, so as to provide new cultural explanations, cultural choices, and cultural solutions for a series of major international issues.

上述国际形势的剧烈变化，为新的文化思想和文化理论的诞生提供了广阔的时代背景。随着国际力量对比消长和全球性挑战日益增多，在中国和世界关系发生历史性变化的时代关口，中国共产党人亟须通过一系列新的思想文化观点，回答世界大势的复杂深刻变化，回答“世界文明何去何从”“中华文明如何创新发展”“中国特色社会主义文化如何积极有为”等重大理论问题，既在谋求自身文明发展中促进世界文明共同发展，又在世界文明共同发展中推进自身文明发展，为解决一系列重大国际问题提供新的文化解释、文化选择和文化方案。

(B) The Reflection on Cultural Innovation on the Path to the Great Rejuvenation of the Chinese Nation

（二）中华民族伟大复兴道路上的文化创新之思

Culture is the soul of a country and a nation. Without the great prosperity and flourishing of national culture, there can be no national rejuvenation and rise. After entering the 21st century, China’s comprehensive national power has risen substantially, its voice in international affairs has continuously strengthened, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has entered an irreversible historical process. In this great journey, the Chinese Communists in the New Era have pondered and answered two sharp and thorny cultural problems: First, where is Marxism heading? The economic base determines the superstructure. Changes in China’s economic base in the New Era have raised the practical demand for corresponding profound changes in the superstructure. As socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a New Era, facing the final stage of achieving the First Centenary Goal and the new journey toward the Second Centenary Goal, adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times also stands at a new historical starting point. Faced with many deep-seated contradictions and problems left unresolved over a long period from the early stages of reform and opening up, and facing the “tough nuts” and “deep water zones” encountered in comprehensively deepening reform on the new journey of the New Era, Marxism must continuously advance with the times to maintain strong theoretical discursive power and explanatory force. How to promote the continuous innovation of Marxist theory in the practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics on the new journey of the New Era, forming contemporary Chinese Marxism and Marxism in the 21st century, has become the primary question that cultural thought and theory in the New Era must answer. Second, where is traditional Chinese culture heading? Since modern times, traditional Chinese culture once fell into a crisis of faith and survival. Since the 21st century, with the rapid rise of China’s comprehensive national power, the contemporary value of fine traditional Chinese culture has gradually come to the fore. Waves of “national studies fever” have risen repeatedly, not only providing China with a unique value system in the value-diverse global cultural order but also offering the most stable spiritual foundation for rectifying social ethics and morality that have fallen into confusion and chaos, as well as providing Chinese solutions to many common cultural problems universally faced by all humanity. On May 17, 2016, in his speech at a symposium on philosophy and social sciences, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Contemporary China is undergoing the most extensive and profound social transformation in its history, and is also carrying out the most grand and unique practical innovation in human history. This unprecedented great practice will undoubtedly provide powerful impetus and broad space for theoretical creation and academic prosperity. This is an era that needs theory and is certainly capable of producing theory; this is an era that needs thought and is certainly capable of producing thought.” How to raise the unique cultural banner of the Chinese people in a culturally diverse society, how to stand firm amid global cultural turbulence, and how to inherit and promote fine traditional Chinese culture while advancing the development of advanced socialist culture have become questions of the times that the Chinese Communists must inevitably face.

文化是一个国家、一个民族的灵魂，没有民族文化的高度繁荣兴盛，就没有民族的复兴与崛起。进入21世纪以后，中国综合国力大幅攀升，国际事务话语权不断增强，中华民族伟大复兴进入不可逆转的历史进程。在这一伟大历程中，新时代中国共产党人思考并回答了两个尖锐棘手的文化难题：一是马克思主义向何处去。经济基础决定上层建筑。新时代中国经济基础的变化提出了上层建筑随之发生深刻变化的现实要求。中国特色社会主义进入新时代，面临实现第一个百年奋斗目标的最后关头，向第二个百年奋斗目标进军的新征程，马克思主义中国化时代化也站在了新的历史起点上。面对前期改革开放遗留下来的不少长期没有解决的深层次矛盾和问题，面对新时代新征程上全面深化改革遇到的“硬骨头”“深水区”，马克思主义必须不断地与时俱进，以保持强大的理论话语权和解释力。如何在新时代新征程的中国特色社会主义实践中推进马克思主义理论不断创新，形成当代中国马克思主义和21世纪马克思主义，成为新时代文化思想理论必须要回答的首要问题。二是中华传统文化向何处去。近代以来，中华传统文化一度陷入信仰危机和生存危机。21世纪以来，随着中国综合国力的快速攀升，中华优秀传统文化的时代价值逐步凸显出来，“国学热”浪潮频繁迭起，不但为中国在价值多元的全球文化秩序中提供了独特的价值体系，还为匡扶陷入迷茫混乱的社会伦理道德提供了最为稳定的精神基础，也为解决全人类普遍面对的不少共性文化问题提供了中国方案。2016年5月17日，习近平总书记在哲学社会科学工作座谈会上的讲话指出：“当代中国正经历着我国历史上最为广泛而深刻的社会变革，也正进行着人类历史上最为宏大而独特的实践创新。这种前无古人的伟大实践，必将给理论创造、学术繁荣提供强大动力和广阔空间。这是一个需要理论而且一定能够产生理论的时代，这是一个需要思想而且一定能够产生思想的时代。”如何在文化多元社会中亮出中国人独特的文化旗帜，如何在全球文化激荡中站稳脚跟，如何继承和弘扬中华优秀传统文化、促进社会主义先进文化发展，成为中国共产党人必然面对的时代之问。

(C) The Responsibility of the Party in Leading the Chinese People to Better Strengthen Cultural Confidence and Self-Reliance on the New Journey of the New Era

（三）新时代新征程上党领导中国人民更好地坚定文化自信自强的担当之为

Culture is the fundamental spiritual force for a country’s prosperity and a nation’s rejuvenation. How to construct a new culture that adapts to the development of the times and matches national life has always been an important issue explored by China’s advanced elements. Since modern times, as China increasingly sank into the abyss of a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, with foreign invasions and incessant external threats, Chinese culture, which had repeatedly created brilliance over the long course of ancient history, also became an object of doubt and denial. Many people of lofty ideals successively stepped onto the historical stage, proposing various rescue plans for value reconstruction and cultural continuity, attempting to liberate Chinese culture and the Chinese nation from their miserable situation. From the “Chinese learning as the essence, Western learning for practical use” in the Westernization Movement to the “cultural renewal of the people” in the Reform Movement of 1898, and then to the “saving the nation through industry” of national capitalists, all manifested a yearning for cultural reconstruction amid the torrent of China’s political transformation. The founding of the Communist Party of China was a world-shaking event in modern Chinese cultural history and even in the history of the development of Chinese civilization. The Chinese Communists, upholding a scientific cultural stance, put forward scientific cultural innovation guidelines and cultural construction plans, providing sustained spiritual impetus for China’s revolution, construction, and reform, and enabling the Chinese nation and Chinese culture to escape the tragic fate of being trampled and ravaged.

文化是国家富强、民族振兴的根本精神力量，如何构建与时代发展相适应、与国家生活相匹配的新文化历来是中国先进分子探索的重要议题。近代以来，随着中国日益陷入半殖民地半封建社会的深渊，列强入侵、外患频仍，曾经在漫长的古代历史上屡创辉煌的中华文化也沦为被质疑和否定的对象，不少仁人志士先后登上历史舞台，提出了各种关于价值重建、文化赓续的拯救方案，试图把中华文化和中华民族从悲惨的境地中解放出来。从洋务运动中的“中体西用”到维新变法中的“文化新民”，再到民族资本家的“实业报国”，无一不彰显着对中国政治嬗变洪流中文化再造的渴望。中国共产党的建立，在近代中国文化史上乃至在中华文明发展史上都是一件开天辟地的大事，中国共产党人秉持科学的文化立场，提出了科学的文化创新方针和文化建设方案，为中国革命、建设和改革提供了长足的精神动力，使中华民族和中华文化摆脱了被践踏、被蹂躏的悲惨命运。

Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, based on the changes unseen in a century and the strategic overall situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, has actively promoted the construction of an advanced socialist culture with Chinese characteristics in the New Era, systematically answering in practice the question of how to strengthen cultural confidence and self-reliance. Ideological work is an extremely important task for the Party. The Chinese Communists firmly grasp the Party’s leadership over ideological work, continuously enhance the level of leadership and the capacity for discourse construction in ideological work, improve and implement the responsibility system for ideological work, resolutely win the initiative in the ideological struggle in cyberspace, thereby further consolidating the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological domain and making the common ideological foundation for the united struggle of the entire people more solid. Fine traditional Chinese culture is the crystallization of the wisdom of the Chinese nation and a valuable nourishment for governance. Based on the five-thousand-year glorious history of Chinese civilization, the five-hundred-year history of the socialist movement, and the Party’s own history of continuously exploring the laws of cultural and civilizational evolution, the Chinese Communists have put forward the important thesis of the Two Integrations, carried out vigorous new practices of socialist cultural construction in the New Era, and pointed the way for theoretical and practical innovation on the new journey. Poverty is not socialism, nor is spiritual emptiness socialism. The Chinese Communists insist on the coordinated development of material civilization and cultural-ethical progress, actively cultivate and practice the core socialist values, thereby leading the construction of socialist cultural-ethical progress. Through value guidance for literary and artistic production and creation, and institutional innovation in the cultural industry system, they have opened up a bridge and tunnel connecting the Party’s innovative theories with social practice, blazing a path for the development and revitalization of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics within the international communist movement. Practice is the source of theory and the synthesizer of theoretical innovation. Xi Jinping’s cultural thought has emerged from the rich practices of the CPC leading ideological work, theoretical armed work, and cultural-ethical progress construction in the New Era. It is a scientific answer to a series of deep-seated theoretical issues and cultural contradictions that have plagued cultural prosperity and hindered cultural confidence and self-reliance, and it is a summary of the experience of the Party leading the Chinese people to better strengthen cultural confidence and self-reliance on the cultural journey in the New Era.

党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央，立足百年未有之大变局和中华民族伟大复兴的战略全局，积极推进新时代中国特色社会主义先进文化建设，在实践中系统回答了如何坚定文化自信自强的问题。意识形态工作是党的一项极端重要的工作，中国共产党人牢牢把握党对意识形态工作的领导权，不断提升对意识形态工作的领导水平和话语建构能力，完善落实意识形态工作责任制，坚决打赢网络空间意识形态主动仗，使马克思主义在意识形态领域的指导地位更加巩固，全国人民团结奋斗的共同思想基础更加坚实。中华优秀传统文化是中华民族智慧的结晶，是治国理政的宝贵滋养。中国共产党人立足于中华文明五千年辉煌灿烂的历史、立足于社会主义运动五百年的历史，立足中国共产党自身对文化文明演进规律不断探索的历史，提出了“两个结合”的重要论断，在新时代进行了轰轰烈烈的社会主义文化建设新实践，为新征程上的理论创新和实践创新指明了方向。贫穷不是社会主义，精神空虚也不是社会主义。中国共产党人坚持物质文明和精神文明协调发展，积极培育和践行社会主义核心价值观，以此引领社会主义精神文明建设，通过对文艺生产创作的价值引导和对文化产业体制机制的制度创新，打通了党的创新理论走向社会实践的桥梁隧道，在国际共产主义运动中走出了一条中国特色社会主义文化发展振兴之路。实践是理论的来源，是理论创新的合成器，习近平文化思想是在中国共产党领导新时代意识形态工作、理论武装工作、精神文明建设工作等多个领域的丰富实践中产生的，是对一系列困扰文化繁荣发展、妨碍文化自信自强的深层次理论问题和文化矛盾的科学解答，是新时代党领导中国人民更好地坚定文化自信自强的文化之行的经验总结。

In short, the changes of the times call upon the Chinese Communists to undertake new cultural creations in the New Era, to continue writing the Chinese chapter of Marxist cultural theory with great political courage and theoretical wisdom, and to provide new cultural guidelines and cultural solutions for responding to a series of major issues in theory and practice.

总之，时代之变呼唤中国共产党人在新时代必须进行新的文化创造，以极大的政治勇气和理论智慧续写马克思主义文化理论的中国篇章，为回应理论和实践中一系列重大问题提供新的文化指南和文化方案。

II. The Main Theoretical Indicators of the Original Contributions of Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought

二、习近平文化思想具有原创性贡献的主要理论标志

Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Chinese Communists represented by Comrade Xi Jinping have profoundly grasped the new historical orientation, deeply assessed the new missions of the times, and with a broad historical perspective, firm cultural confidence, and far-reaching strategic considerations, have put forward a series of far-reaching new viewpoints and new theses in the ideological and cultural field. They have opened up a new realm of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, led the creative transformation and innovative development of fine traditional Chinese culture, promoted historic achievements in the cultural practice and exploration of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and marked a new height in the Chinese Communists’ understanding of the laws governing the development of socialist culture with an original system of ideological content. Its main theoretical indicators are reflected in the following four aspects.

党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为代表的中国共产党人深刻把握新的历史方位，深入研判新的时代使命，以宏阔的历史视野、坚定的文化自信、深远的战略考量，在思想文化领域提出了一系列影响深远的新观点、新论断，开辟了马克思主义中国化时代化新境界，引领中华优秀传统文化创造性转化、创新性发展，推动中国特色社会主义文化实践和文化探索取得了历史性成绩，以原创性思想内容体系标注了中国共产党人认识社会主义文化发展规律的崭新高度。其主要理论标志体现在以下四个方面。

(I) Firm Cultural Confidence Is the Basic Premise of Cultural Construction in the New Era

（一）坚定文化自信是新时代文化建设的基本前提

Cultural confidence is a positive psychological state of an individual or organization towards a specific cultural system. It is the most important psychological quality and the most enduring spiritual force for promoting the long-term stable development of a country or a nation and overcoming external risks and challenges. This thesis has been repeatedly proven by the history of the rise of nation-states since modern times. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, General Secretary Xi Jinping has mentioned cultural confidence on multiple occasions, systematically elaborating on the important position of cultural confidence in the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the exploration of socialism with Chinese characteristics, especially fully affirming the important role that fine traditional Chinese culture will play in future global cultural competition. On February 24, 2014, Xi Jinping explicitly proposed the proposition of “cultural confidence” for the first time during the 13th collective study session of the Political Bureau of the 18th CPC Central Committee. On June 28, 2016, during the 33rd collective study session of the Political Bureau of the 18th CPC Central Committee, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized “firmly maintaining confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics,” placing cultural confidence on an equal footing with the three previously discussed “confidences” in the path, theory, and system. At the celebration of the 95th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping profoundly elaborated on the logical relationship among the Four Confidences, stating that “the whole Party must maintain confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics” and that “cultural confidence is a more fundamental, broader, and deeper confidence.” The report of the 19th National Congress of the CPC further affirmed the significant role of cultural confidence in the rise and fall of a nation’s fortunes: “Culture is the soul of a country and a nation. When culture thrives, the nation thrives; when culture is strong, the nation is strong. Without a high degree of cultural confidence and without the flourishing and prosperity of culture, there will be no great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.” The report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC clearly pointed out, “Promote cultural confidence and self-reliance, and forge new brilliance in socialist culture.”

文化自信是个人或组织对特定文化系统的肯定性心理状态，是推动一个国家、一个民族能够长期稳定发展、战胜外部风险挑战最为重要的心理素质和最为持久的精神力量。这一论断已经被近代以来民族国家崛起的历史所反复证明。党的十八大以来，习近平总书记在多个场合提到文化自信，系统阐述了文化自信在中华民族伟大复兴和中国特色社会主义探索中的重要地位，尤其对中华优秀传统文化在未来全球文化竞争中发挥的重要作用给予了充分肯定。2014年2月24日，习近平在十八届中央政治局第十三次集体学习时首次明确提出“文化自信”的命题。2016年6月28日，习近平总书记在十八届中共中央政治局第三十三次集体学习时强调，“坚定中国特色社会主义道路自信、理论自信、制度自信、文化自信”，将文化自信与道路自信、理论自信、制度自信等前期已经论述的三个“自信”相提并论。在庆祝中国共产党成立九十五周年大会上，习近平总书记深刻阐述了四个自信之间的逻辑关系，认为“全党要坚定道路自信、理论自信、制度自信、文化自信”“文化自信是更基础、更广泛、更深厚的自信”。党的十九大报告进一步肯定了文化自信在国运兴衰中的重大作用，“文化是一个国家、一个民族的灵魂。文化兴则国运兴，文化强则民族强。没有高度的文化自信，没有文化的繁荣兴盛，就没有中华民族的伟大复兴”。党的二十大报告鲜明指出，“推进文化自信自强，铸就社会主义文化新辉煌”。

From the existing literature, especially General Secretary Xi Jinping’s speech during his inspection tour in Liaoning on August 16, 2022,

从现有文献，特别是2022年8月16日习近平在辽宁考察时的讲话来看，总书记所使用的“文化自信”概念至少包括了三层含义：一是中华优秀传统文化的自信，二是红色革命文化的自信，三是中国特色社会主义先进文化的自信。中华文明是全球古代文明的主要发源地之一，也是当今世界唯一在历史上没有间断过的古代文明形态。中华优秀传统文化在支撑中华文明发展和建构过程中发挥了最为重要的支撑作用。鸦片战争以来，中国社会进入大变局之中，中华文化也遭遇了千年未有之挑战，虽然历经劫难，却根基未碎、血脉未绝。其天下观、宇宙观、生态观、道德观等，依然对时代和实践保持着强大的解释力和引导力，赓续焕发出勃勃生机。习近平总书记对中华优秀传统文化的自信和尊重，彰显了中国共产党人严肃的文化立场、坚定的文化导向和科学的文化态度，是新时代中国共产党人最为重要的文化主张。在近代救亡图存的革命实践中，中国共产党人在领导新民主主义革命、社会主义革命和建设历程中形成了红色革命文化，在领导社会主义建设和改革开放的实践中形成了中国特色社会主义先进文化。文化自信就是对上述三种文化成果的自信，是以马克思主义为指导，以革命精神为内核，以人民利益为价值取向，以实现民族伟大复兴为志向的文化心理和文化心态。习近平总书记关于文化自信的重要论述，是一面精神旗帜，彰显了新时代中国共产党人对待历史的科学态度和务实精神，为新时代中国特色社会主义现代化强国建设提供了最为重要的文化立场，奠定了习近平文化思想最为重要的理论前提。

(II) The “Two Integrations” Are the Necessary Path for Cultural Flourishing in the New Era

（二）“两个结合”是新时代文化繁荣的必由之路

Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, General Secretary Xi Jinping has put forward a series of important expositions on how to handle the relationship between Marxism and traditional Chinese culture, raising our understanding of the basic laws of cultural development, evolution, innovation, and transition to a new height. In particular, the major original thesis of the “Two Integrations” constitutes the main theoretical hallmark of Xi Jinping’s cultural thought and also points to the necessary path for cultural flourishing in the New Era. On July 1, 2021, in his speech at the ceremony marking the centenary of the CPC, General Secretary Xi Jinping for the first time formally put forward the important thesis of integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the best of traditional Chinese culture. The report to the 20th National Congress of the CPC further elaborated the profound connotations of the “Two Integrations.” On June 2, 2023, at the Symposium on Cultural Heritage and Development, General Secretary Xi Jinping elucidated the great significance of the “Two Integrations” from five aspects and stressed that this is “a law-based understanding we have gained in exploring the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics” and “the greatest magic weapon for our success.” [6]6 The “Two Integrations” (两个结合) refers to integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the best of traditional Chinese culture. The term was formally introduced by Xi Jinping in 2021 and elaborated at the 2023 Symposium on Cultural Heritage and Development.

党的十八大以来，习近平总书记就如何对待马克思主义和中华传统文化的关系提出了一系列重要论述，使我们对于文化发展演变、创新跃迁基本规律的认识上升到了一个新高度，尤其是“两个结合”重大原创性论断的提出，构成了习近平文化思想的主要理论标志，也指明了新时代文化繁荣的必由之路。2021年7月1 日，习近平总书记在庆祝中国共产党成立一百周年大会上的讲话中，首次正式提出把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际、同中华优秀传统文化相结合的重要论断。党的二十大报告进一步阐述“两个结合”的深刻内涵。2023年6月2日，在文化传承发展座谈会上，习近平总书记从五个方面阐明“两个结合”的重大意义，并强调这是“我们在探索中国特色社会主义道路中得出的规律性的认识”，是“我们取得成功的最大法宝”。

The First Integration, “integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities,” is a law-based understanding of the development of Marxism that Chinese Communists had already formed as early as the Yan’an period. [7]7 Yan’an period: The period from 1935 to 1948 when the CPC was based in Yan’an, Shaanxi Province, during which Mao Zedong’s thought matured and the Party’s theoretical foundations were consolidated. Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out that Marxism is a truth universally applicable; however, if it is not combined with China’s specific realities in a scientific attitude, but merely copies and mechanically applies Marxist-Leninist phrases and foreign successful experiences, it cannot solve the practical problems of the Chinese revolution. History has proven that integrating Marxism with the realities of China’s revolution, construction, and reform has enabled the CPC to rely on Marxism to solve one Chinese problem after another, providing the most basic theoretical guide for achieving victory in the New Democratic Revolution and the great achievements of socialist construction, and providing the most fundamental theoretical magic weapon for the Chinese nation’s great leap from standing up and growing prosperous to becoming strong and for realizing national rejuvenation.

第一个结合“马克思主义基本原理同中国实际相结合”，是中国共产党人早在延安时期就已经形成的对马克思主义发展的规律性认识。毛泽东同志指出，马克思主义是放之四海皆准的真理，然而如果不以科学的态度同中国的具体实际相结合，只是简单地照抄照搬马列的词句和外国的成功经验，解决不了中国革命的实际问题。历史证明，把马克思主义同中国革命、建设和改革的实际相结合，使中国共产党依靠马克思主义解决了一个又一个中国难题，为取得新民主主义革命的胜利和社会主义建设的巨大成就提供了最基本的理论指南，为中华民族迎来从站起来、富起来到强起来的伟大飞跃为实现民族复兴提供了最根本的理论法宝。

The Second Integration, “integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with the best of traditional Chinese culture,” is the law-based understanding of cultural innovation and development in the New Era achieved by Chinese Communists represented by Comrade Xi Jinping. The Second Integration not only requires Marxism and the best of traditional Chinese culture to complement each other but, more importantly, to mutually achieve each other. On the one hand, this is the necessary path for the best of traditional Chinese culture to realize “creative transformation and innovative development.” On December 30, 2013, when presiding over the 12th collective study session of the Political Bureau of the 18th CPC Central Committee, General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed striving to realize the creative transformation and innovative development of traditional Chinese virtues. On February 24, 2014, when presiding over the 13th collective study session of the Political Bureau of the 18th CPC Central Committee, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that in promoting the best of traditional Chinese culture, it is necessary to handle the relationship between inheritance and innovative development, focusing on creative transformation and innovative development. Subsequently, General Secretary Xi Jinping directed the object of creative transformation and innovative development more broadly toward Chinese culture as a whole, and also, in the context of exchanges and mutual learning among diverse human civilizations, proposed “promoting the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese civilization, activating its vitality, and allowing Chinese civilization, together with the colorful civilizations created by the people of all countries, to provide correct spiritual guidance for humanity.” The Second Integration not only points to the specific strategy for the inheritance and development of the best of traditional Chinese culture in the New Era but also provides the basic direction for Chinese civilization to once again burst forth with powerful spiritual strength. For Chinese civilization to achieve the goal of “dual innovation,” it must, under the guidance of Marxism, stand on the basic positions, viewpoints, and methods of Marxism and integrate and interpenetrate with Marxism. On the other hand, this is also the necessary path for the innovative development of Marxism. “Integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with the best of traditional Chinese culture” enriches and develops the theoretical connotations of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. The Second Integration profoundly expands the practical dimension of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, reshapes the mutual relationship between Marxism and the best of traditional Chinese culture with immense theoretical courage and a broad historical perspective, broadens the practical path for transforming Marxist truth into objective material force, and opens up infinite space for innovation in the Sinicization and modernization of Marxist theory. It is the requirement of the times for Chinese Communists to promote the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities.

第二个结合“马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化相结合”，是以习近平同志为代表的中国共产党人对新时代文化创新发展的规律性认识。第二个结合不但要使马克思主义和中华优秀传统文化相互契合，更要使二者相互成就。一方面，这是中华优秀传统文化实现“创造性转化、创新性发展”的必由之路。2013年12月30日，习近平总书记在主持十八届中央政治局第十二次集体学习时提出，要努力实现中华传统美德的创造性转化、创新性发展。2014年2月24日，在主持十八届中央政治局第十三次集体学习时，习近平总书记强调弘扬中华优秀传统文化，要处理好继承和创新性发展的关系，重点作好创造性转化和创新性发展。此后，习近平总书记又将创造性转化、创新性发展的对象更为宏阔地指向中华文化这个整体，还在人类多元文明交流互鉴的语境之中，提出“要推动中华文明创造性转化、创新性发展，激活其生命力，让中华文明同各国人民创造的多彩文明一道，为人类提供正确精神指引”。第二个结合，既指明了中华优秀传统文化在新时代传承发展的具体方略，又为中华文明再次迸发出强大精神力量提供了基本方向。中华文明实现“双创”的目标，就必须在马克思主义指导下，站在马克思主义基本立场、观点和方法的基础上与马克思主义融汇贯通。另一方面，这也是马克思主义创新发展的必由之路。以“马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化相结合”丰富发展了马克思主义中国化时代化的理论内涵。第二个结合深刻拓展了马克思主义中国化时代化的现实向度，以巨大的理论勇气和宽广的历史视野再造了马克思主义与中华优秀传统文化之间的相互关系，为马克思主义真理转变成客观物质力量拓宽了实践道路，为马克思主义理论的中国化时代化打开了无限创新空间，是对中国共产党人推动马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合的时代要求。

The “Two Integrations” represent another great ideological emancipation in the history of the Party’s theoretical innovation since the great debate on the criterion of truth, [8]8 The great debate on the criterion of truth: A nationwide ideological debate in 1978, initiated by the article “Practice Is the Sole Criterion for Testing Truth,” which challenged dogmatic adherence to Mao’s words and paved the way for reform and opening up. and are the basic cultural policy for the Chinese people to create new cultural glories on the new journey of the New Era. It is worth noting that the relationship between these “Two Integrations” is one of mutual complementarity, mutual interaction, and mutual achievement. In particular, the “Second Integration” is not a “mosaic” but a “chemical reaction,” the purpose of which is to make Marxism Chinese and the best of traditional Chinese culture modern, and to make the new culture formed through “integration” the cultural form of Chinese-path modernization. In short, the original thesis of the “Two Integrations” provides a precious opportunity for the best of traditional Chinese culture to realize “creative transformation and innovative development,” and also provides a theoretical direction for consolidating the Marxist foundation of China’s path and China’s system.

“两个结合”是党的理论创新史上继真理标准大讨论以来又一次伟大的思想解放，是新时代新征程上中国人民创造新的文化辉煌的基本文化方针。值得注意的是，这“两个结合”之间，是相辅相成、相互作用、相互成就的关系。特别是“第二个结合”，这个“结合”不是“拼盘”，而是“化学反应”，目的是让马克思主义成为中国的、中华优秀传统文化成为现代的，让经由“结合”而形成的新文化成为中国式现代化的文化形态。总之，“两个结合”的原创性论断为中华优秀传统文化实现“创造性转化、创新性发展”提供了宝贵契机，也为筑牢中国道路、中国制度的马克思主义基础提供了理论方向。

(III) Building the Modern Civilization of the Chinese Nation Is an Important Mission for Cultural Construction in the New Era

（三）建设中华民族现代文明是新时代文化建设的重要使命

There is a clear difference in connotation between civilization and culture. In the semantic sense, everything that has been processed and created by humans falls within the category of culture, including material culture, spiritual culture, and institutional culture, while “civilization” is the inevitable outcome formed when the level of human transformation of nature, society, and the self reaches an advanced stage. Viewed from the entire history of world civilizational evolution, the formation of a particular civilization often requires a relatively long period of cultural accumulation and the emergence of landmark cultural achievements. After a country or nation enters a new historical stage of development, new major cultural markers tend to emerge, thereby giving rise to a new civilizational form. Since entering the 21st century, in the process of promoting the transformation from traditional civilization to modern civilization, socialism with Chinese characteristics has formed landmark achievements in the fields of material culture, spiritual culture, and institutional culture, creating a solid prerequisite foundation for the birth of a new civilizational form. The epochal proposition of building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation has thus emerged as the times require. After the 20th National Congress of the CPC, when inspecting the Yinxu Museum in Henan, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out, “To more deeply study and understand Chinese civilization, to make the past serve the present, so as to provide a reference for better building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation.” [9]9 Xi Jinping’s remarks during an inspection tour of the Yinxu Museum in Anyang, Henan Province, on October 28, 2022. This was the first time the concept of the modern civilization of the Chinese nation was proposed. At the Symposium on Cultural Heritage and Development in June 2023, General Secretary Xi Jinping formally established building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation as an important part of the new cultural mission for the New Era, stating, “Continuing to promote cultural prosperity, build a strong cultural nation, and build the modern civilization of the Chinese nation at a new starting point is our new cultural mission in the New Era.” [10]10 Xi Jinping’s speech at the Symposium on Cultural Heritage and Development on June 2, 2023. The modern civilization of the Chinese nation not only inherits the outstanding characteristics of Chinese civilization and the spirit of the Chinese nation but also adapts to the trends of the times and the direction of civilizational development; it is a completely new civilizational form. In July 2023, General Secretary Xi Jinping inspected Jiangsu and delivered an important speech, assigning Jiangsu the major task of “four new things,” one of which was to explore new experiences in building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation. [11]11 The “four new things” (四个新) refer to tasks Xi Jinping assigned to Jiangsu Province during his July 2023 inspection: achieving new breakthroughs in scientific and technological innovation, building a modern industrial system with new strides, promoting the modernization of agriculture and rural areas with new achievements, and exploring new experiences in building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation. Building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation provides a cultural guide for gathering the mighty force for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in the New Era and stimulating the cultural creativity of the Chinese people; it is an inevitable requirement for realizing Chinese-path modernization. It can be said that Chinese-path modernization endows Chinese civilization with modern power, while Chinese civilization endows Chinese-path modernization with profound substance. General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important discourse on building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation is based on the overall and strategic considerations of the cause of the Party and the state in the New Era; it is an inherent requirement for advancing Chinese-path modernization and realizing the great rejuvenation of the nation. This important thesis also reflects the high degree of unity between the CPC’s cultural confidence and political confidence on the new journey, pointing the way for opening up new prospects for the development of Chinese civilization and creating a new form of human civilization.

文明和文化内涵有明显不同。从语义学意义上讲，凡是经过人的加工创造的事物都属于文化范畴，包括物质文化、精神文化和制度文化，而“文明”则是人类改造自然、社会及自身的水平达到高级阶段后形成的必然成果。从世界文明演进的全部历史来看，某一种文明的形成往往需要经过较长时间的文化积淀和标志性文化成果的诞生，某一国家或民族进入新的历史发展阶段以后，也往往会涌现出新的重大文化标志，从而形成新的文明形态。进入21世纪以来，中国特色社会主义在推动传统文明向现代文明转变的过程中，在物质文化、精神文化和制度文化等领域均形成了标志性成果，为新文明形态的诞生创造了坚实的前提基础，构建中华民族现代文明的时代命题随之应运而生。党的二十大召开之后，习近平总书记在考察河南殷墟博物馆时指出，“更深地学习理解中华文明，古为今用，为更好建设中华民族现代文明提供借鉴”。这是首次提出中华民族现代文明的概念。在2023年6月文化传承发展座谈会上，习近平总书记正式将建设中华民族现代文明确立为新时代新的文化使命的重要内容，提出“在新的起点上继续推动文化繁荣、建设文化强国、建设中华民族现代文明，是我们在新时代新的文化使命”。中华民族现代文明既传承中华文明突出特性和中华民族精神，又适应时代发展潮流和文明发展趋势，是一种全新的文明形态。2023年7月，习近平总书记在江苏考察并发表重要讲话，赋予江苏“四个新”的重大任务，其中一个“新”就是在建设中华民族现代文明上探索新经验。建设中华民族现代文明为新时代凝聚中华民族伟大复兴的磅礴力量、激发中国人民的文化创造性提供文化指针，是实现中国式现代化的必然要求。可以说，中国式现代化赋予中华文明以现代力量，中华文明赋予中国式现代化以深厚底蕴。习近平总书记关于建设中华民族现代文明的重要论述，是立足新时代党和国家事业发展的全局性和战略性考量，是推进中国式现代化、实现民族伟大复兴的题中应有之义。这一重要论断也体现了新征程上中国共产党坚持文化自信和政治自信的高度统一，为开辟中华文明发展新前景、创造人类文明新形态指明了前进方向。

(4) The Global Civilization Initiative is an important external cultural proposition of the Party in the New Era

（四）全球文明倡议是新时代党的重要对外文化主张

As discussed above, the world today is undergoing changes unseen in a century, the global situation is undergoing complex and profound changes, human society faces unprecedented challenges, and the perplexity of “where is the world heading” is increasingly prominent. Responding to the times and the situation, General Secretary Xi Jinping has systematically expounded the thought of the Global Civilization Initiative. In 2019, in his keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations, President Xi Jinping stated: “To think that one’s own race and civilization are superior and to insist on remolding or even replacing other civilizations is foolish in understanding and disastrous in practice!” [12]12 Xi Jinping’s keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations, Beijing, May 15, 2019. The evolutionary trend in the global balance of power, characterized by “the East rising and the West declining,” also requires all countries in the world to abandon the old thinking of Cold War confrontation and zero-sum games, not to “draw circles and set up factions” based on political systems and ideological divides, and even less to engage in hegemonism and power politics. This requires us, based on the Chinese nation’s value concept of “peace, harmony, and concord,” to promote peaceful development between countries and to foster peaceful coexistence and coordinated development among different civilizations of the world. While forward-looking in laying out the overall plan for the construction of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, General Secretary Xi Jinping has also actively contemplated the issue of the coexistence and development of different human civilizations in the process of globalization, proposing the original thought of the Global Civilization Initiative, and promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind from the cultural and civilizational dimensions in an all-round way. On March 15, 2023, at the High-level Dialogue between the CPC and World Political Parties, General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed the “Global Civilization Initiative” for the first time in the history of the CPC’s foreign relations. He pointed out, “We should jointly advocate respect for the diversity of world civilizations, adhere to equality, mutual learning, dialogue, and inclusiveness among civilizations,” “jointly advocate the promotion of the common values of all mankind,” “understand with a broad mind the different understandings of the connotation of values by different civilizations,” and “not engage in ideological confrontation.” [13]13 Xi Jinping’s speech at the High-level Dialogue between the CPC and World Political Parties, March 15, 2023.

正如前文所述，当今世界正处于百年未有之大变局，世界大势正在发生复杂深刻变化，人类社会面临前所未有的挑战，“世界向何处去”的困惑日益突出。应对时与势，习近平总书记比较系统地阐释了全球文明倡议思想。2019年，习近平主席在亚洲文明对话大会开幕式主旨演讲中指出：“认为自己的人种和文明高人一等，执意改造甚至取代其他文明，在认识上是愚蠢的，在做法上是灾难性的！”“东升西降”的全球力量对比演化趋势也要求世界各国必须摒弃冷战对抗、零和博弈的旧思维，不以政治制度和意识形态分野“划圈子、立山头”，更不能搞霸权主义和强权政治。这就要求我们，立足中华民族“和平、和睦、和谐”的价值理念，推动国与国之间的和平发展，促进世界不同文明之间和平共处、协调发展。习近平总书记在前瞻性擘画中国特色社会主义文化建设总体布局的同时，也在积极谋划全球化进程中人类不同文明之间的共存发展问题，提出具有原创性的全球文明倡议思想，从文化、文明角度全方位推动构建人类命运共同体。2023年3月15日，习近平总书记在中国共产党与世界政党高层对话会上，在中国共产党对外关系史上首次提出了“全球文明倡议”。他指出，“我们要共同倡导尊重世界文明多样性，坚持文明平等、互鉴、对话、包容”“共同倡导弘扬全人类共同价值”；“以宽广胸怀理解不同文明对价值内涵的认识”；“不搞意识形态对抗”。

These initiatives point the way forward for the question of “where is humanity heading”—a question of the world, of history, and of the times—and provide an answer based on the characteristics of Chinese culture. The proposal of the Global Civilization Initiative marks that China not only deeply participates in the process of globalization, becoming a participant, supporter, and advocate of globalization, but also, with its continuously rising international status, China is more actively playing the role of organizer on the international stage, promoter of international agendas, and important provider of international public cultural goods. The Global Civilization Initiative, based on the comparison of international forces in the context of the great changes and the resulting new type of international relations, fully affirms the unique value of different cultures, different nations, and different countries, endows different national cultures and civilizational forms with equal status and equal rights, and overturns the theories of civilizational superiority and civilizational clash that have long been popular on the international stage. It is a transformation and reconstruction of the underlying logic of traditional international relations, enabling people of different countries and nations to truly overcome historical prejudices, racial interests, and ideological constraints, to participate in the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, and to provide the most solid support for forming a lasting peace, prosperity, and stable international society. By examining the two major theses of the Global Civilization Initiative and building a community with a shared future for mankind together, we can comprehensively and systematically understand the major theoretical innovations and far-reaching strategic value carried by General Secretary Xi Jinping’s Global Civilization Initiative.

这些倡议为“人类向何处去”这一世界之问、历史之问、时代之问指明了前进的方向，提供了基于中国文化特色的答案。全球文明倡议的提出标志着中国不但深入参与到全球化过程中，成为全球化的参与者、支持者、拥护者，而且随着国际地位的不断提升，中国更加积极地扮演着国际舞台的组织者、国际议题的推动者和国际公共文化产品的重要提供者。全球文明倡议立足大变局中国际力量的对比和由此衍生的新型国际关系，充分肯定了不同文化、不同民族、不同国家的独特价值，赋予了不同民族文化和文明形态以平等地位和对等权利，颠覆了长期在国际舞台上流行的文明优越论、文明冲突论，是对传统国际关系底层逻辑的改造和重建，使不同国家和民族的人民真正能够克服历史偏见、种族利益和意识形态束缚，参与到人类命运共同体中来，为形成持久和平、繁荣稳定的国际社会提供了最为坚实的力量支撑。我们把全球文明倡议与构建人类命运共同体两大论断结合起来考察，就能全面系统理解习近平总书记全球文明倡议所负载的重大理论创新和深远的战略价值。

III. Scientifically Grasping the Distinctive Theoretical Characteristics of Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought

三、科学把握习近平文化思想的鲜明理论特质

The many original viewpoints and discourses of Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought possess rich ideological content, abundant practical capacity, and substantial innovative energy, manifesting distinctive theoretical characteristics and powerful logical force. To understand the original theoretical contributions of Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought, it is necessary to grasp its following three distinctive theoretical characteristics, and to understand the theoretical requirements and practical requirements of cultural construction in the New Era from multiple dimensions.

习近平文化思想的诸多原创性观点和论述具有丰富的思想含量、丰赡的实践容量和丰厚的创新能量，彰显出鲜明的理论特质和强大的逻辑力量。要理解习近平文化思想的原创性理论贡献，就要把握其以下三个鲜明理论特质，多维度理解新时代文化建设的理论要求和实践要求。

(1) The Co-integration of “Understanding the Substance and Applying It” and “Substance and Function in Unison” [14]14 “明体达用” (understanding the substance and applying it) and “体用贯通” (substance and function in unison) are classical Chinese philosophical concepts, here used to characterize the theoretical integration of fundamental principles (体) and practical application (用) in Xi Jinping’s cultural thought.

（一）“明体达用”和“体用贯通”共融

To accurately grasp the original contributions of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture, one must first firmly grasp its fundamental characteristic of “understanding the substance and realizing its function, with substance and function interpenetrating.” “Substance” (ti) and “function” (yong) are a pair of basic categories in Chinese philosophy; “substance” refers to the essence, also to thought and theory; “function” refers to practice. “Substance” and “function” denote the relationship between theory and practice. Hu Yuan, a pioneer of Neo-Confucianism in the Northern Song dynasty, thinker and educator, formally proposed the idea of “understanding the substance and realizing its function” in conjunction with his teaching practice—that is, one must inwardly establish the Way and adhere to righteousness and principle, thereby realizing the sage’s ideal of cultivating oneself, regulating the family, governing the state, and bringing peace to the world. [15]15 Samuel P. Huntington, *The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order* (1996), a work arguing that post-Cold War global conflict would be primarily cultural and religious rather than ideological or economic. So-called “understanding the substance and realizing its function, with substance and function interpenetrating” means that theory and practice are closely integrated, and classical learning and practical affairs are organically combined, elucidating the great significance of theoretical innovation on the basis of practice and of theory guiding practice. The “substance” of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture refers to the major innovative theses within this thought concerning the essential basis and fundamental principles of culture, civilization, and cultural construction. From a theoretical perspective, it centrally expounds the views of the Chinese Communists on “what kind of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics needs to be constructed amid the changes unseen in a century,” embodying the truth-force and cultural source of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture. It marks that the Party’s profound summary of the basic principles of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times in the New Era, and its grasp of the laws governing the development of Chinese civilization, have risen to a new theoretical level, “providing a powerful ideological weapon for doing a good job in propaganda, ideology, and cultural work on the new journey of the New Era and for shouldering the new cultural mission.” The “function” of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture refers to the practical fields, specific paths, methods, and means of cultural construction and cultural work in the New Era. From a practical perspective, it centrally answers the Chinese Communists’ arrangements and deployments on “how to construct and develop socialist culture with Chinese characteristics amid the changes unseen in a century,” “providing a scientific action guide for doing a good job in propaganda, ideology, and cultural work on the new journey of the New Era and for shouldering the new cultural mission.” The original theoretical contribution of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture requires not only “understanding the substance and realizing its function,” but also “substance and function interpenetrating”; the two interpenetrate and organically merge. It is both epistemology and methodology; it has both macro-level holistic guidance and micro-level practical paths; it has both top-level design and scientific planning, as well as rational strategic layout and specific implementation strategies, jointly providing cultural guidance for solidly advancing Chinese-path modernization and building a strong socialist culture.

要准确把握习近平文化思想原创性贡献，首先就要牢固把握它“明体达用、体用贯通”的根本特质。“体”与“用”是中国哲学的一对基本范畴，“体”指本体，亦指思想理论；“用”指实践。“体”与“用”指代理论与实践的关系。北宋理学先驱、思想家和教育家胡瑗，结合其教学实践正式提出了“明体达用”的思想，亦即必须内在地挺立道体、坚守义理，从而实现修齐治平的圣贤理想。所谓“明体达用、体用贯通”，是指理论与实践紧密结合、经义与治事有机结合，阐明了在实践基础上理论创新与理论指导实践的重大意义。习近平文化思想的“体”指这一思想内部关于文化、文明以及文化建设的本质根据、根本原则等重大创新性论断，它从理论的角度集中阐述了中国共产党人对“百年未有之大变局中需要构建什么样的中国特色社会主义文化”的观点，体现出习近平文化思想的真理之力、文化之源，标志着党对新时代马克思主义中国化时代化基本原则的深刻总结、对中华文明发展规律的深刻把握上升到了新的理论层次，“为做好新时代新征程宣传思想文化工作、担负起新的文化使命提供了强大的思想武器”。习近平文化思想的“用”指这一思想关于新时代文化建设、文化工作的实践领域、具体路径、方式方法等，它从实践的角度集中回答了中国共产党人对“百年未有之大变局中如何构建和发展中国特色社会主义文化”的安排部署，“为做好新时代新征程宣传思想文化工作、担负起新的文化使命提供了科学的行动指南”。习近平文化思想的独创性理论贡献不但要求“明体达用”，而且要求“体用贯通”，两者之间相互贯通、有机融合。它既是认识论，又是方法论；既有宏观层面的整体指导，又有具体层面的实践路径；既有顶层设计、科学谋划，又有合理战略布局和具体实施方略，共同为扎实推进中国式现代化和社会主义文化强国建设提供文化遵循。

(II) Guarding the “Soul Vein” and the “Root Vein”

（二）“魂脉”和“根脉”相守

Xi Jinping Thought on Culture also possesses the theoretical characteristic of guarding the inner unity of the “soul vein” and the “root vein.” On the one hand, adhere to the logic of using the “soul vein” to forge the “root vein” in grasping Xi Jinping Thought on Culture.

习近平文化思想还具有坚守“魂脉”和“根脉”内在统一的理论特质。一方面，坚持以“魂脉”铸“根脉”的逻辑把握习近平文化思想。马克思主义是共产党人的真经，马克思恩格斯根据唯物史观和剩余价值理论两大发现，科学揭示了人类社会发展的一般规律、资本主义运行的特殊规律，指明了人民实现自由和解放的道路，为自然科学和社会科学的发展提供了根本理论指南。在新时代信仰马克思主义、坚持马克思主义、发展马克思主义才能夯实中国特色社会主义和民族伟大复兴的理论根基。这就离不开以马克思主义基本原理指导对中华传统文化的发掘和整理，以马克思主义的真理力量激活中华文明中的优秀成分，推动中华优秀传统文化在新时代不断实现创造性转化和创新性发展。在这一过程中，尤其要注意准确把握辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的世界观和方法论，准确把握马克思主义最基本的立场观点方法，为挖掘中华传统文化提供科学的理论分析工具和严整的逻辑分析框架，从而为中华优秀传统文化注入新鲜的理论血液和务实的哲学关怀，使中华优秀传统文化在新的时代土壤上焕发出勃勃生机。另一方面，坚持以“根脉”育“魂脉”的逻辑把握习近平文化思想。马克思主义不是绝对真理，也非固定僵化的教条，而是不断吸收人类一切优秀思想文化成果与时俱进发展的理论体系。中华优秀传统文化扎根五千年华夏文明生生不息的发展之中，形成了科学的宇宙观、人生观、价值观、伦理道德观、家庭观、天下观，这既和马克思主义理论在哲学逻辑上有相通之处，又有其独特话语、独特品格和独特精神，这恰恰可以为马克思主义中国化时代化提供丰富的文化滋养，续接马克思主义在新时代进行理论创新的主脉，推动马克思主义更好地中国化时代化。习近平文化思想的独特性贡献就在于既以“魂脉”铸“根脉”，又以“根脉”育“魂脉”，使二者相互契合、相互促进、相互成就，最终融合成为时代发展需要、治国理政需要、人民生活需要的社会主义新文化新文明。从文化自信到“两个结合”，从建设中华民族现代文明到人文经济赋能高质量发展，既没有丢弃科学理论的“老祖宗”，也没有丢弃民族文化的“老祖宗”，而是立足守住本和源、魂和根，用马克思主义激活中华优秀传统文化中富有生命力的优秀因子并赋予新的时代内涵，将中华民族的伟大精神和丰富智慧更深层次地注入马克思主义，有效地把马克思主义思想精髓同中华优秀传统文化精华贯通起来，进而聚变为新的理论优势、新的发展优势。

(III) The Modern Civilization of the Chinese Nation Moves in the Same Direction as the Progress of Human Civilization

（三）中华民族现代文明与人类文明进步同向

The relationship between national civilizations and human civilization has long been a classic issue in international relations and cultural philosophy. Facing the new situation of global cultural competition and development since the 1990s, the Western scholar Huntington published *The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order*, which predicted the inevitability and long-term nature of conflicts among different cultures and civilizations worldwide. Xi Jinping Thought on Culture, standing from a broad global cultural perspective, comprehensively analyzes the historical changes in the relationship between China and the world, and the relationship between the modern civilization of the Chinese nation and the progress of human civilization. It not only highlights the unique value, unique character, and unique stance of Chinese culture within a global civilizational vision, but also actively integrates into world cultural exchanges with a cultural ethos of inclusiveness and openness, seeking solutions for the common development of world civilizations that once again stand at a historical crossroads. It uses theoretical reflection to dispel the "fog of civilization," fully embodying the distinctive theoretical characteristic that the modern civilization of the Chinese nation moves in the same direction as the progress of human civilization.

民族文明与人类文明之间的关系历来是国际关系和文化哲学中的经典议题。面对21世纪90年代以来全球文化竞争发展的新形势，西方学者亨廷顿出版的《文明的冲突与世界秩序的重建》一书，预言了全球不同文化文明之间冲突的必然性和长期性。习近平文化思想站在宏阔的全球文化视野统筹分析中国与世界关系的历史性变化、中华民族现代文明与人类文明进步的关系，既在全球文明视野中突出中华文化的独特价值、独特品格和独特立场，又以兼容并蓄、海纳百川的文化气象积极融入世界文化交流之中，为又一次站在历史十字路口的世界文明共同发展求解，以理论之思驱散“文明之雾霾”，充分体现了中华民族现代文明与人类文明进步同向而行的鲜明理论特质。

Xi Jinping’s cultural thought manifests the value concept that different human civilizations treat each other as equals and jointly build a spiritual home for humanity. At present, there are over two hundred countries and regions, more than 4,300 religions, and over a dozen civilizations in the world. Each civilization has its unique cultural soil and historical value for its emergence and development, and the civilizations of all countries have together contributed to the development of human civilization. Xi Jinping’s cultural thought has put forward the “Global Civilization Initiative,”[16]16 The Symposium on Cultural Inheritance and Development (文化传承发展座谈会) was held in Beijing on June 2, 2023, where Xi Jinping delivered breaking the myth of the “clash of civilizations,”[17]17 The 18th National Congress of the CPC was held in 2012 and marked the beginning of the New Era under Xi Jinping’s leadership. requiring all countries in the world to follow the law of equal development of human civilizations, earnestly respect the diversity of world civilizations, vigorously promote a view of civilization characterized by equality, mutual learning, dialogue, and inclusiveness, and adhere to mutual respect, equal treatment, openness, inclusiveness, and mutual learning. “Civilizations become colorful through exchange, and civilizations become rich through mutual learning. Exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations are an important driving force for the progress of human civilization and the peaceful development of the world.” This important thesis of Xi Jinping’s cultural thought advocates respecting the diversity of world civilizations, promoting the common values of all humanity, and advancing people-to-people and cultural exchanges and cooperation among global civilizations. It provides an international perspective for building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation, supplies external impetus for the creative transformation and innovative development of fine traditional Chinese culture, and offers a choice for jointly breaking down the cultural divides and ideological barriers that hinder human interaction. It embodies the important strategic conception of Xi Jinping’s cultural thought to consolidate the subjectivity of Chinese culture and create a new form of human civilization with Chinese characteristics by promoting socialist cultural practice and global civilizational mutual learning.

习近平文化思想彰显了人类不同文明平等相待、共建人类精神家园的价值理念。当前世界上有二百多个国家和地区、四千三百多种宗教、十几种文明，每一种文明都有其产生发展的独特文化土壤和历史价值，各国文明共同为人类文明发展贡献了力量。习近平文化思想提出了“全球文明倡议”，打破了“文明冲突论”的神话，要求世界各国遵从人类文明平等发展的规律，切实尊重世界文明多样性，大力弘扬平等、互鉴、对话、包容的文明观，坚持相互尊重、平等相待，坚持开放包容、互学互鉴。“文明因交流而多彩，文明因互鉴而丰富。文明交流互鉴，是推动人类文明进步和世界和平发展的重要动力”。习近平文化思想这一重要论断倡导尊重世界文明多样性、倡导弘扬全人类共同价值、倡导全球文明之间的人文交流合作，为构建中华民族现代文明提供了国际视野，为推动中华优秀传统文化创造性转化和创新性发展提供了外部动力，也为共同打破阻碍人类交往的文化鸿沟和意识形态障碍提供了选择方案，体现了习近平文化思想通过推动社会主义文化实践和全球文明互鉴来巩固中华文化的主体性、创造中国特色的人类文明新形态的重要战略构想。

Xi Jinping’s cultural thought manifests the value concept of promoting global civilizational progress by relying on the development of one’s own national civilization. Among the various ancient civilizations of the world, Chinese civilization is extensive, profound, and has a long history. It is the only great civilization that has continued from ancient times to the present day without interruption. It is not only the unique spiritual emblem of the Chinese nation and the cultural foundation of contemporary China but also an indispensable cultural treasure for countries around the world to respect each other, coexist peacefully, and engage in win-win cooperation. General Secretary Xi Jinping points out: “Chinese culture advocates harmony. China’s ‘harmony’ culture has a long history, embodying a cosmology of harmony between man and nature, an international view of harmony among all nations, a social view of harmony in diversity, and a moral view of kindness and goodwill.” Xi Jinping’s cultural thought fully absorbs the essence of fine traditional Chinese culture. In handling the relationship between individuals and the government, the state, and the world, and in the process of interaction between the Chinese nation and the international community, it consistently maintains a value stance of equality, cooperation, and win-win outcomes. It provides important guidance for advancing the relationship between China and the world, and between Chinese civilization and world civilizations. In the New Era, Chinese Communists have always emphasized “doing our own work well,” inheriting and promoting fine traditional Chinese culture with a scientific attitude of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, and with self-confidence and self-reliance. They build the modern civilization of the Chinese nation with an open and inclusive cultural character, absorb beneficial nutrients from the civilizations of all countries with an eclectic cultural ethos, align the modern culture of Chinese civilization with the progress of human civilization, and enable the Chinese people and the people of all countries to jointly build a garden of world civilizations and write a new chapter in human civilization.

习近平文化思想彰显了立足民族自身文明发展以推动全球文明进步的价值理念。在世界各种古老文明中，中华文明源远流长、博大精深，是唯一一种从古代绵延到今天不曾中断的伟大文明。它不仅是中华民族独特的精神标识、当代中国的文化根基，也是世界各国相互尊重、和平共处、合作共赢须臾不可或缺的文化宝藏。习近平总书记指出：“中华文化崇尚和谐，中国‘和’文化源远流长，蕴涵着天人合一的宇宙观、协和万邦的国际观、和而不同的社会观、人心和善的道德观。”习近平文化思想充分吸收了中华优秀传统文化，在处理个人与政府、国家、世界的关系中，在处理中华民族与国际社会交往的过程中，始终保持平等、合作、共赢的价值立场，对于推动中国与世界的关系、中华文明与世界文明的关系提供了重要遵循。新时代中国共产党人始终强调“做好自己的事”，以守正创新、自信自立的科学态度继承和弘扬中华优秀传统文化，以开放包容的文化品格构建中华民族现代文明，以兼收并蓄的文化气象汲取各国文明的有益养分，使中华文明现代文化和人类文明进步同向同行，使中国人民与世界各国人民共筑世界文明百花园、共同书写人类文明新篇章。

IV. The Epochal Value of Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought

四、习近平文化思想的时代价值

Xi Jinping’s cultural thought firmly grasps the Marxist cultural stance, dialectically draws on the rich nourishment of fine traditional Chinese culture, profoundly summarizes the valuable experience of national cultural governance in the New Era, and, with a series of new theses characterized by distinct epochal features and profound traditional heritage, provides fundamental guidance for continuing to promote cultural prosperity and revitalization on the new journey, sets the direction of the banner for Chinese Communists to achieve spiritual independence and self-reliance, and consolidates the theoretical foundation for consolidating the subjectivity of Chinese culture in the context of global civilizational exchanges and mutual learning.

习近平文化思想牢固把握马克思主义文化立场，辩证汲取中华优秀传统文化的丰富滋养，深刻总结新时代国家文化治理的宝贵经验，以一系列具有鲜明时代特色、深厚传统底蕴的崭新论断，为新征程上继续推动文化繁荣振兴提供了根本遵循，为中国共产党人实现精神上的独立自主确定了旗帜方向，为在全球文明交流互鉴中巩固中华文化主体性夯实了理论基础。

(I) Providing fundamental guidance for continuing to promote cultural prosperity and development on the new journey

（一）为新征程上继续推动文化繁荣发展提供了根本遵循

Facing the accelerated evolution of changes unseen in a century, where various cultural and civilizational forms compete and clash, Xi

面对世界百年未有之大变局加速演变，各种文化文明样态相互竞争激荡，习近平文化思想系统回答了在新时代坚持和发展什么样的中国特色社会主义先进文化，怎样建设和振兴中国特色社会主义先进文化的时代之问。从理论层面来看，习近平文化思想是新时代文化实践的理论总结，它在深刻总结新时代国家文化治理新经验的基础上，创造性地提出了加强党对文化工作领导权、推动物质文明和精神文明协调发展、培育践行社会主义核心价值观、保护历史文化遗产等十一条宝贵的理论原则，全面涵盖了思想理论创新、话语领导权、文化发展基本规律、文明演进模式等多个方面，形成了中国共产党人对新时代中国特色社会主义先进文化建设的系统化、理论化、规律化的新认识，澄清了长期以来困扰着中国共产党人的若干个重大基础理论问题，开辟了马克思主义文化理论中国化时代化的新境界，为中国共产党继续推进文化实践基础上的文化理论创新提供了根本理论遵循。从实践层面来看，习近平文化思想是新时代文化实践的行动指南。习近平文化思想具有“明体达用、体用贯通”的鲜明理论品格，在深刻阐明新时代文化建设规律的基础上，又从实践层面创造性地回答了新时代新征程上怎样建设和振兴中国特色社会主义先进文化的基本问题。它从健全党的创新理论的实践工作体系、加快构建中国特色哲学社会科学体系、深入推进文化和旅游融合发展等论断出发，创造性地阐释了社会主义市场经济条件下政治、经济、文化协同发展的辩证关系，系统回答了意识形态、文化繁荣振兴和对外文化主张之间的逻辑关系，拓展了理论实践双向互动的实践空间，构建了精神武器向物质武器转化的新渠道，为在新的历史起点上承担新的文化使命提供了科学行动指南。

(2) Establishing the Banner and Direction for Chinese Communists to Achieve Spiritual Independence and Self-Reliance

（二）为中国共产党人实现精神上的独立自主确定了旗帜方向

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out at the Symposium on Cultural Inheritance and Development, "Adhere to taking our own path, base ourselves on the great historical and contemporary practices of the Chinese nation, use Chinese principles to summarize Chinese experience, elevate Chinese experience into Chinese theory, and achieve spiritual independence and self-reliance." Xi Jinping Thought on Culture, grounded in China's unique cultural traditions, unique historical destiny, and unique national conditions, provides a systematic response to several fundamental, long-term, and strategic issues in the development of Chinese cultural construction in the New Era, establishing the banner and direction for Chinese Communists to achieve spiritual independence and self-reliance. Xi Jinping Thought on Culture puts forward the thesis of "upholding the people-centered principle and highlighting the people-oriented nature of the modernization direction," which constitutes the most important political stance and theoretical cornerstone of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture. It systematically elaborates a series of major theoretical principles concerning for whom, relying on whom, and to be enjoyed by whom in the cultural construction of the New Era, scientifically answers major cultural propositions such as the purpose, driving force, direction, and methods of socialist cultural construction with Chinese characteristics in the New Era, and clarifies the political banner for socialist cultural construction with Chinese characteristics in the New Era. Xi Jinping Thought on Culture puts forward the important exposition of adhering to the combination of the basic principles of Marxism with the fine traditional Chinese culture, making Marxism Chinese and making the fine traditional Chinese culture modern. This helps contemporary Chinese Communists better strengthen cultural confidence, and in the New Era, by constructing a unique independent knowledge system and discourse system, to firmly stand on China's position, solve China's problems, contribute China's solutions, and manifest China's wisdom, thereby clarifying the theoretical banner for socialist cultural construction with Chinese characteristics in the New Era. Xi Jinping Thought on Culture puts forward the important exposition of mastering the leading power of public opinion under information conditions. Standing at the height of safeguarding national ideological security and national core interests, it points out the cultural tasks in the process of China's transformation from standing up and growing rich to becoming strong, "accelerating the construction of Chinese discourse and Chinese narrative systems, telling China's stories well, spreading China's voice well, and presenting a credible, lovable, and respectable image of China."

习近平总书记在文化传承发展座谈会上指出，“坚持走自己的路，立足中华民族伟大历史实践和当代实践，用中国道理总结中国经验，把中国经验提升为中国理论，实现精神上的独立自主”。习近平文化思想立足中国独特的文化传统、独特的历史命运和独特的国情，对新时代中国文化建设发展中的若干根本性、长远性、战略性问题作出了系统性回答，为中国共产党人实现精神上的独立自主确定了旗帜方向。习近平文化思想提出“坚守人民至上理念，突出现代化方向的人民性”的论断，构成了习近平文化思想最为重要的政治立场和理论基石，系统阐述了新时代文化建设发展为了谁、依靠谁、由谁享有等一系列重大理论原则，科学回答了新时代中国特色社会主义文化建设的目的、动力、方向、方式等重大文化命题，为新时代中国特色社会主义文化建设亮明了政治旗帜。习近平文化思想提出坚持把马克思主义基本原理和中华优秀传统文化相结合的重要论述，让马克思主义成为中国的、让中华优秀传统文化成为现代的，有利于当代中国共产党人更好地坚定文化自信，在新时代通过构建独具特色的自主知识体系和话语体系站稳中国立场、解决中国问题、贡献中国方案、彰显中国智慧，为新时代中国特色社会主义文化建设亮明了理论旗帜。习近平文化思想提出掌握信息条件下的舆论主导权的重要论述，站在捍卫国家意识形态安全和国家核心利益的高度，指明了中国实现从站起来、富起来向强起来转变过程中的文化任务，“加快构建中国话语和中国叙事体系，讲好中国故事、传播好中国声音，展现可信、可爱、可敬的中国形象”。

(3) It has consolidated the theoretical foundation for consolidating the subjectivity of Chinese culture in the context of global cultural exchange and mutual learning.

（三）为在全球文明交流互鉴中巩固中华文化主体性夯实了理论基础

The history of cultural and civilizational development and evolution of countries around the globe proves that any culture, if it is to stand firm, travel far, and possess leading power and radiating influence, must have its own cultural subjectivity. Cultural subjectivity is the basic source of cultural confidence, an important element of cultural security, and is related to the banner and the path, as well as to the historical process of Chinese-path modernization and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Xi Jinping’s cultural thought has put forward important theses such as the creative transformation and innovative development of fine traditional Chinese culture, the protection of historical and cultural heritage, and the promotion of cultural exchange and mutual learning, thereby consolidating the theoretical foundation for consolidating the subjectivity of Chinese culture in the context of global cultural exchange and mutual learning. Chinese civilization has a long and profound history; it is the cultural root that has supported the Chinese people in creating a splendid material civilization and institutional civilization over a long history. The subjectivity of fine traditional Chinese culture is the internal genetic code that ensures the Chinese civilization’s continuity of the torch and its discarding of the old in favor of the new

全球各个国家文化文明发展演化的历史证明，任何文化要立得住、行得远，要有引领力、辐射力，就必须有自己的文化主体性。文化主体性是文化自信的基本来源，是文化安全的重要内容，关系到旗帜道路，关系到中国式现代化和民族复兴伟业的历史进程。习近平文化思想提出了中华优秀传统文化创造性转化和创新性发展、保护历史文化遗产、推动文明交流互鉴等重要论断，为在全球文明交流互鉴中巩固中华文化主体性夯实了理论基础。中华文明源远流长、博大精深，是支撑中国人民在悠久的历史上创造辉煌灿烂物质文明和制度文明的文化根脉。中华优秀文化的主体性是保障中华文明薪火相继、革故鼎新的内在基因密码。习近平总书记指出，中华文化不是故步自封的，也不是僵化不变的，而是随着时代和实践的发展不断与时俱进、守正创新的。在新时代新征程上承担新的文化使命，就要推动中华优秀传统文化创造性转化、创新性发展，不但为中国共产党人精神谱系寻找到最为磅礴的文化资源，还要把革命文化、社会主义先进文化与中华优秀传统文化更加有机地结合起来、融合起来，在传承中华优秀传统文化中更好赓续红色血脉，在社会主义文化实践中捍卫文化传统，澄清新时代全球文化交往中巩固中华文化主体性的逻辑前提。纵观人类文明史，各个民族在漫长的生存发展历史上，都曾创造过独居特色的文化形态，对世界精神文化家园都作出了独特的文化贡献。中华文明之所以能够在历史上保持强大的创新创造能力和辐射能力，与其守正创新的文化特性、与时俱进的文化品格、海纳百川的文化气象密不可分。习近平总书记指出，对人类社会创造出来的一切文明成果都应该采取科学态度和理性方法，在构建中华民族现代文明的过程中，要借鉴一切优秀文明成果，丰富完善中华优秀传统文化，厘清新时代全球文化交往中巩固中华文化主体性的文化路径。

In sum, since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has placed cultural work in an important position in the Party’s governance and state administration, made a series of major decisions and deployments regarding cultural work in the New Era, promoted an overall and fundamental transformation in the situation in the ideological sphere, and propelled historic achievements in the ideological and cultural sphere. The attainment of these changes and achievements is, in the final analysis, the inevitable result of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core answering the questions of culture in light of the changes of the times and the changes in the national conditions, scientifically assessing and judging the cultural positioning in the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the New Era, and effectively meeting the spiritual and cultural needs of the people in the New Era. Xi Jinping’s cultural thought, with its original cultural judgments, guides the construction of a culture with Chinese characteristics, promotes the deepening of the Party’s innovative theories in the New Era into the hearts of the people and the widespread dissemination of core socialist values, advances the creative transformation and innovative development of fine traditional Chinese culture, brings increasing prosperity to cultural undertakings and cultural industries, sustains the improvement of the online ecosystem, and significantly enhances the cultural confidence of the entire Party, the entire military, and the people of all ethnic groups across the country, making their spiritual outlook more vigorous and uplifted. On the new journey, only by profoundly grasping the landmark theoretical achievements, distinctive theoretical characteristics, and contemporary value of Xi Jinping’s cultural thought can we better open up new frontiers in adapting Marxist cultural theory to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, continue to write new glories in the development of socialist cultural undertakings with Chinese characteristics, and strive to create a new culture belonging to our era.

总之，党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央把文化工作摆在党治国理政的重要位置，对新时代文化工作作出了一系列重大决策部署，推动意识形态领域形势发生全局性、根本性转变，推动思想文化领域取得了历史性成就。这些变化和成就的取得归根结底是由于以习近平同志为核心的党中央根据时代之变、国情之变回答文化之问，科学研判新时代中国特色社会主义建设中的文化定位，有力地满足新时代人民群众精神文化需求的必然结果。习近平文化思想以原创性的文化论断指导中国特色的文化建设，推动新时代党的创新理论深入人心、社会主义核心价值观广泛传播，推进中华优秀传统文化创造性转化、创新性发展，文化事业和文化产业日益繁荣，网络生态持续向好，全党全国各族人民文化自信明显增强、精神面貌更加奋发昂扬。在新征程上，只有深刻把握习近平文化思想的标志性理论成果、鲜明理论特质及其时代价值，才能更好地开辟马克思主义文化理论中国化时代化的新境界，续写中国特色社会主义文化事业发展的新辉煌，努力创造属于我们这个时代的新文化。

Source: *Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Social Science Edition)*, November 2, 2024

文章来源：《华中科技大学学报社会科学版》2024年11月2日

Online editor: Jing Mu

网络编辑：静穆