Accelerating the Construction of an Independent Knowledge System for Chinese Economics Guided by Xi Jinping’s Economic Thought

The publication and distribution of the first volume of *Selected Works of Xi Jinping on the Economy* (hereinafter referred to as the *Selected Works*) is a major event in China’s political and economic life, and also a major event in China’s ideological and educational circles, especially in the field of economics education. The *Selected Works* includes 74 of the most important and fundamental works by General Secretary Xi Jinping on economic construction from November 2012 to December 2024, presenting in a panoramic view with broad vision the economic strategies of our Party in governing the country. It has made important original contributions to enriching and developing Marxist political economy, and provides an authoritative textbook for the entire Party and the people of all ethnic groups across the country to deeply study and implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, especially Xi Jinping’s economic thought. To better coordinate the strategic global situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with the changes unseen in a century, we must earnestly and comprehensively study the *Selected Works*, grasp the theoretical essence of Xi Jinping’s economic thought through deep study and careful understanding, demonstrate the practical power of Xi Jinping’s economic thought through the unity of knowledge and action, use Xi Jinping’s economic thought to guide China’s economic practice and the development of economics education, and, through the systematic restructuring of the disciplinary system, academic system, and discourse system, construct an independent knowledge system for Chinese economics that is rooted in China’s soil, attentive to the propositions of the times, and leading the trend of development.

《习近平经济文选》第一卷（以下简称《文选》）的出版发行是我国政治经济生活中的一件大事，也是我国思想界、教育界尤其是经济学教育界的一件大事。《文选》收入习近平总书记2012年11月至2024年12月期间关于经济建设最重要、最基本的著作74篇，以恢宏视野全景式呈现了我们党治国理政的经济方略，为丰富发展马克思主义政治经济学作出了重要原创性贡献，为全党全国各族人民深入学习贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想特别是习近平经济思想提供了权威教材。更好统筹中华民族伟大复兴战略全局和世界百年未有之大变局，要认真全面学习《文选》，在深学细悟中把握习近平经济思想的理论精髓，在知行合一中彰显习近平经济思想的实践伟力，用习近平经济思想指引我国经济实践和经济学教育发展，通过学科体系、学术体系、话语体系的系统性重构，构建植根中国大地、观照时代命题、引领发展潮流的中国经济学自主知识体系。

Socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics is the basic core of the independent knowledge system of Chinese economics

中国特色社会主义政治经济学是中国经济学自主知识体系的基本内核

The basic core of the independent knowledge system of Chinese economics is socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics. Socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics is a scientific category first proposed by General Secretary Xi Jinping. In the important document “Continuously Opening Up New Horizons for Contemporary Chinese Marxist Political Economy,” General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Now, various economic theories are multifarious, but the foundation of our political economy can only be Marxist political economy, and not any other economic theory.” “In our economics teaching, we cannot merely parrot foreign theories without digesting them; we must still teach Marxist political economy. Contemporary Chinese socialist political economy must be taught and discussed extensively, and must not be marginalized.”

中国经济学自主知识体系的基本内核是中国特色社会主义政治经济学。中国特色社会主义政治经济学是习近平总书记首先提出的科学范畴。在《不断开拓当代中国马克思主义政治经济学新境界》这篇重要文献中，习近平总书记指出：“现在，各种经济学理论五花八门，但我们政治经济学的根本只能是马克思主义政治经济学，而不能是别的什么经济理论。”“在我们的经济学教学中，不能食洋不化，还是要讲马克思主义政治经济学，当代中国社会主义政治经济学要大讲特讲，不能被边缘化。”

Marxist political economy is the “most profound, most comprehensive, and most detailed proof and application” of Marxist theory. Our Party has always attached importance to the study, research, and application of Marxist political economy. After the founding of New China, facing the difficult historical task of building a socialist economy in a large country like China, which accounted for nearly one-quarter of the world’s population and was extremely backward economically and culturally, Comrade Mao Zedong called on all Party cadres to earnestly study and research socialist political economy, create new theories, write new works, and produce their own theorists. After reform and opening up, centering on the entirely new historical issue of developing an economy with socialism with Chinese characteristics, Comrade Deng Xiaoping clearly proposed the major theoretical proposition of developing “a political economy that combines the basic principles of Marxism with the practice of Chinese socialism,” promoting the transformation of China’s economic system from a highly centralized planned economy to a vibrant socialist market economy. As reform and opening up deepened, we formed many important theoretical achievements in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times in the field of political economy.

马克思主义政治经济学是马克思主义理论“最深刻、最全面、最详尽的证明和运用”。我们党历来重视对马克思主义政治经济学的学习、研究、运用。新中国成立后，面对在中国这样一个占世界人口近1/4、经济文化十分落后的大国建设社会主义经济的艰难历史任务，毛泽东同志号召全党干部认真学习研究社会主义政治经济学，创造新的理论，写出新的著作，产生自己的理论家。改革开放后，围绕发展中国特色社会主义经济这一全新的历史课题，邓小平同志明确提出发展“马克思主义基本原理和中国社会主义实践相结合的政治经济学”的重大理论命题，推动我国经济体制实现从高度集中的计划经济体制到充满活力的社会主义市场经济体制的转变。随着改革开放不断深入，我们形成了马克思主义政治经济学中国化时代化的许多重要理论成果。

Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has formed and developed Xi Jinping’s economic thought in the practice of guiding and promoting China’s economic development in the New Era. This thought comprehensively, centrally, and profoundly reflects our Party’s new understanding of the laws of economic development, especially the laws of socialist economic development. It provides a sharp ideological weapon for promoting high-quality development of China’s economy, scientifically responding to major risks and challenges, and comprehensively building a modern socialist country. It has led China’s economic development to achieve historic achievements and undergo historic transformations, realizing a new leap in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times in political economy, and opening up new horizons for socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics.

党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央在指导推动新时代我国经济发展的实践中，形成和发展了习近平经济思想，全面、集中、深刻反映了我们党对经济发展规律特别是社会主义经济发展规律的新认识，为推动我国经济高质量发展、科学应对重大风险挑战、全面建设社会主义现代化国家提供了锐利思想武器，引领我国经济发展取得历史性成就、发生历史性变革，实现了马克思主义政治经济学中国化时代化的新飞跃，开拓了中国特色社会主义政治经济学新境界。

The *Selected Works* systematically answers the questions of what kind of socialist economy with Chinese characteristics we should build and how to build it. At the critical juncture where the strategic global situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the changes unseen in a century interact with each other, and socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered the New Era, it comprehensively maps out the grand blueprint for comprehensively advancing Chinese-path modernization. The series of new concepts, new ideas, and new strategies contained in the *Selected Works* scientifically reveal the objective laws of China’s economy and the world economy since reform and opening up, especially in the New Era. Theoretically, it proposes a series of important new categories and new propositions, providing basic guidelines and basic paradigms for constructing a theorized and systematized socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics.

《文选》系统回答了我们要建设什么样的中国特色社会主义经济、怎样建设中国特色社会主义经济，在中华民族伟大复兴战略全局和世界百年未有之大变局相互激荡、中国特色社会主义进入新时代的关键节点上，全方位擘画了全面推进中国式现代化的宏伟图景。《文选》包含的一系列新理念新思想新战略，科学揭示了改革开放后尤其是新时代以来我国经济和世界经济发展的客观规律，在理论上提出了一系列重要的新范畴和新命题，为构建学理化系统化的中国特色社会主义政治经济学提供了基本遵循、基本范式。

For a period of time, there were differing views within China’s economics and education circles on whether China should have its own independent economics and whether China could establish an independent economics, and opinions on the disciplinary construction and research focus of China’s economics were also inconsistent. Historically, during the period of socialist revolution and construction, we once introduced the Soviet *Textbook of Political Economy*, and Comrade Mao Zedong presided over several special seminars on this book. Entering the new period of reform and opening up and socialist modernization, we also introduced many Western economics textbooks and offered courses such as macroeconomics and microeconomics in universities. China’s economic development practice has also continuously developed in the process of mutual collision and mutual verification with these economic theories.

有一段时间，关于中国是否应该有自主的经济学、中国能否建立自主的经济学，我国经济学界和教育界存在不同认识，对我国经济学学科建设、研究重点的看法也不一致。从历史来看，早在社会主义革命和建设时期，我们曾引进苏联的《政治经济学教科书》，毛泽东同志就该书多次主持专题研讨会。进入改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期，我们又引进过不少西方经济学教科书，在高校开设了宏观经济学、微观经济学等西方经济学课程。中国经济发展实践也是在和这些经济学理论相互碰撞、相互印证的过程中不断发展的。

Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, General Secretary Xi Jinping has profoundly grasped the requirements of the times for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. He has clearly and unequivocally pointed out that whether our philosophy and social sciences have Chinese characteristics ultimately depends on whether they have subjectivity and originality; he has pointed out that accelerating the construction of philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics ultimately lies in constructing an independent knowledge system of China; and he creatively proposed the new scientific category of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics, continuously improving the theoretical system of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics, and promoting the disciplinary construction of economics that fully embodies Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, and Chinese manner.

党的十八大以来，习近平总书记深刻把握坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的时代要求，旗帜鲜明地提出我们的哲学社会科学有没有中国特色，归根到底要看有没有主体性、原创性；指出加快构建中国特色哲学社会科学，归根结底是建构中国自主的知识体系；创造性提出中国特色社会主义政治经济学这一新的科学范畴，不断完善中国特色社会主义政治经济学理论体系，推进充分体现中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的经济学学科建设。

The important expositions in the *Selected Works* set the direction for constructing the independent knowledge system of Chinese economics, greatly enhancing people’s consciousness and confidence, backbone and pride in developing socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics, deepening people’s understanding of the regularity of the subjectivity of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics, and marking that our Party has reached a new height in adapting Marxist political economy to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. The publication of the *Selected Works* is a milestone in the history of the development of Marxist political economy.

《文选》的有关重要论述，为构建中国经济学自主知识体系举旗定向，极大增强了人们对发展中国特色社会主义政治经济学的自觉和自信、底气和骨气，深化了人们对中国特色社会主义政治经济学主体性的规律性认识，标志着我们党在推进马克思主义政治经济学中国化时代化上达到了新高度。《文选》的出版，在马克思主义政治经济学发展史上具有里程碑意义。

The Two Integrations are the scientific methodology for constructing the independent knowledge system of Chinese economics

“两个结合”是构建中国经济学自主知识体系的科学方法论

Scientific methodology is an important component of Xi Jinping’s economic thought. The relevant important expositions in the *Selected Works* indicate what working methods should be adhered to in economic construction, and also indicate what scientific methods should be adhered to in Chinese economics research. In “Continuously Opening Up New Horizons for Contemporary Chinese Marxist Political Economy,” General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: “Facing extremely complex domestic and international economic situations and a wide variety of economic phenomena, studying the basic principles and methodology of Marxist political economy is conducive to our mastering scientific economic analysis methods, understanding the process of economic movement, grasping the laws of social and economic development, improving our ability to manage the socialist market economy, and better answering the theoretical and practical questions of China’s economic development.”

科学的方法论是习近平经济思想的重要组成部分。《文选》中的相关重要论述指明了经济建设应坚持什么样的工作方法，也指明了中国经济学研究应坚持什么样的科学方法。习近平总书记在《不断开拓当代中国马克思主义政治经济学新境界》中强调：“面对极其复杂的国内外经济形势，面对纷繁多样的经济现象，学习马克思主义政治经济学基本原理和方法论，有利于我们掌握科学的经济分析方法，认识经济运动过程，把握社会经济发展规律，提高驾驭社会主义市场经济能力，更好回答我国经济发展的理论和实践问题。”

To construct the independent knowledge system of Chinese economics, we must adhere to scientific methodology, specifically, adhere to the Two Integrations. Historically, the reason our Party has been able to continuously achieve theoretical innovation and theoretical leaps comes from the Two Integrations. Constructing the independent knowledge system of Chinese economics requires correctly understanding the relationship between theory and practice, history and reality, and comprehensively understanding the relationship between Chinese civilization and other world civilizations. Any economic theory is produced under specific historical and social conditions and cannot be separated from the real soil of its generation and the questions of the times it faces. The practice of developing the socialist economy with Chinese characteristics advances along the path of Chinese-path modernization. China’s specific realities and the excellent traditional Chinese culture are the basic premises that cannot be bypassed, let alone denied, in constructing the independent knowledge system of Chinese economics.

构建中国经济学自主知识体系，必须坚持科学的方法论，具体来说就是坚持“两个结合”。在历史上，我们党之所以能够不断实现理论创新和理论飞跃，底气就来自“两个结合”。构建中国经济学自主知识体系，需要正确认识理论与实践、历史与现实之间的关系，全面理解中华文明与世界其他文明之间的关系。任何一种经济理论都是在特定历史和社会条件下产生的，都离不开它们生成的现实土壤和面对的时代之问。中国特色社会主义经济的发展实践沿着中国式现代化道路前进。中国具体实际和中华优秀传统文化是构建中国经济学自主知识体系不能绕开、更不能否认的基本前提。

Xi Jinping’s economic thought integrates the fundamental tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the finest traditional Chinese culture, providing methodological guidance for how to construct an independent knowledge system for Chinese economics.

习近平经济思想将马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合、同中华优秀传统文化相结合，为如何构建中国经济学自主知识体系提供了方法论指引。

Constructing an independent knowledge system for Chinese economics must adhere to integrating the fundamental tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities. General Secretary Xi Jinping points out: “Contemporary China is undergoing the most extensive and profound social transformation in its history, and is also carrying out the most ambitious and unique practical innovation in human history.” [1]1 This refers to the report delivered by Xi Jinping at the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in October 2022, which outlines the central tasks of the Party on the new journey of the New Era. This unprecedented great practice will inevitably provide powerful impetus and broad space for theoretical creation and academic flourishing. Constructing an independent knowledge system for Chinese economics requires a panoramic understanding, regular grasp, and essential recognition of the magnificent practice of China’s economic development. It cannot copy ready-made economic theories, nor can it fabricate theories while hiding in an “ivory tower.”

构建中国经济学自主知识体系必须坚持将马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合。习近平总书记指出：“当代中国正经历着我国历史上最为广泛而深刻的社会变革，也正在进行着人类历史上最为宏大而独特的实践创新。”这种前无古人的伟大实践，必将给理论创造、学术繁荣提供强大动力和广阔空间。构建中国经济学自主知识体系，必须对波澜壮阔的中国经济发展实践有全景式了解、规律性把握、本质性认识，不能照搬照抄现成的经济理论，更不能躲在“象牙塔”里生造理论。

Constructing an independent knowledge system for Chinese economics must adhere to integrating the fundamental tenets of Marxism with the finest traditional Chinese culture. In the important document “Advancing the Great Cause of Building a Strong Country and National Rejuvenation on All Fronts through Chinese-Path Modernization,” General Secretary Xi Jinping points out: “Chinese-path modernization is deeply rooted in the finest traditional Chinese culture.” [2]2 This is a direct quotation from Xi Jinping’s report at the 20th National Congress. The 74 works included in the *Selected Works* [3]3 These five features of Chinese-path modernization were formally articulated in the report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC. frequently quote Chinese classics, poems, and allusions, manifesting the great spirit and rich wisdom of the Chinese nation, and using Marxism to activate the vital and excellent factors within the finest traditional Chinese culture.

构建中国经济学自主知识体系必须坚持将马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化相结合。习近平总书记在《以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业》这一重要文献中指出：“中国式现代化，深深植根于中华优秀传统文化”。《文选》收入的74篇著作多次引用中国典籍、诗词、典故，彰显了中华民族的伟大精神和丰富智慧，用马克思主义激活了中华优秀传统文化中富有生命力的优秀因子。

For example, when discussing food security, it quotes “Among the eight policies of the Hong Fan, food is the foremost,” [4]4 “New nationwide system for mobilizing resources” (新型举国体制) refers to a state-led mechanism that concentrates national resources—including scientific, industrial, and financial—to achieve strategic technological breakthroughs, updated for the market economy era. explaining that solving the eating problem has always been the top priority in governing the country, and takes the establishment of the ever-normal granary [5]5 “Dual carbon” goals (双碳目标) refer to China’s pledges to peak carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. as an example to emphasize the historical heritage and practical significance of doing a good job in grain reserve regulation. When discussing common prosperity, it quotes “One is not concerned about scarcity but about inequality, not about poverty but about instability” [6]6 This quotation is from Xi Jinping’s speech at the joint group meeting of the cultural, art, and social science circles during the Second Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference in March 2019. and “Treat the elderly of others as one’s own elderly, treat the young of others as one’s own young,” [7]7 The Two Integrations (两个结合) refers to the principle of integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the best of traditional Chinese culture. explaining that common prosperity has been a basic ideal of the Chinese people since ancient times. When discussing financial services serving the real economy, it quotes “When the paths of exchange among farmers, artisans, and merchants are open, then currency such as tortoise shells, cowries, gold, knives, and cloth arises,” [8]8 The May Fourth New Culture Movement (1915–1920s) was an intellectual and cultural movement in China that promoted modernisation, science, democracy, and the critique of traditional Confucian values, and it was a key period for the spread of Marxism in China. vividly analyzing the symbiotic and co-prosperous relationship between finance and the real economy, and quotes “The market allows one to know order and chaos, to know abundance and scarcity,” [9]9 The Economics “101 Plan” is a Chinese national higher education project aimed at reforming foundational courses in economics, analogous to similar “101 Plans” in other disciplines, to improve teaching quality and curriculum standards. elucidating that chaos in financial markets is a major hidden danger triggering systemic risks. The proposal of a series of important categories such as “the path of financial development with Chinese characteristics” and “financial culture with Chinese characteristics” is a model of theoretical innovation that integrates Marxist financial theory with China’s specific realities and with the finest traditional Chinese culture, making an important contribution to constructing an independent knowledge system for Chinese economics.

比如，在谈到粮食安全时，引用“洪范八政，食为政首”说明解决好吃饭问题始终是治国理政的头等大事，并以设立常平仓为例强调搞好粮食储备调节的历史传承和现实意义；在谈到共同富裕时，引用“不患寡而患不均，不患贫而患不安”和“老吾老以及人之老，幼吾幼以及人之幼”说明共同富裕是自古以来我国人民的一个基本理想；在谈到金融服务实体经济时，引用“农工商交易之路通，而龟贝金钱刀布之币兴焉”形象地分析金融和实体经济之间的共生共荣关系，引用“市者，可以知治乱，可以知多寡”阐发金融市场乱象是引发系统性风险的重大隐患；“中国特色金融发展之路”和“中国特色金融文化”等一系列重要范畴的提出，更是马克思主义金融理论同当代中国具体实际相结合、同中华优秀传统文化相结合的理论创新典范，为构建中国经济学自主知识体系作出了重要贡献。

Adhering to a people-centered approach is the basic value orientation of the independent knowledge system for Chinese economics.

坚持以人民为中心是中国经济学自主知识体系的基本价值取向

A people-centered approach is the consistent value orientation of Xi Jinping’s economic thought. The first work in the *Selected Works* is “The People’s Aspiration for a Better Life Is Our Goal,” [10]10 “Greatest concerns of the country” (国之大者) is a Party idiom referring to the most fundamental and strategic interests of the state and the Party, which all cadres and institutions must prioritise. stating: “We must always be heart-to-heart with the people, share hardships with the people, and strive together with the people.” This clarifies the thinking and methods for our economic work and provides a fundamental guideline for accelerating the construction of an independent knowledge system for Chinese economics. As the theoretical crystallization of socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics for a New Era, Xi Jinping’s economic thought consistently runs through the core logic of “people-centered” from value stance, knowledge production methods, to goal orientation. It not only breaks through the theoretical stereotypes of Western economics but also forms an original theoretical paradigm rooted in the people and serving the people in practice.

以人民为中心是习近平经济思想一以贯之的价值取向。《文选》第一篇就是《人民对美好生活的向往，就是我们的奋斗目标》，提出“我们一定要始终与人民心心相印、与人民同甘共苦、与人民团结奋斗”。这为我们做好经济工作明确了思路方法，也为加快构建中国经济学自主知识体系提供了根本遵循。作为新时代中国特色社会主义政治经济学的理论结晶，习近平经济思想从价值立场、知识生产方式到目标指向都始终贯穿着“以人民为中心”的核心逻辑，不仅突破了西方经济学的理论窠臼，更在实践中形成了扎根人民、服务人民的原创性理论范式。

In terms of value stance, Xi Jinping’s economic thought adheres to the viewpoint of the people’s principal position, transcending the “rational man” assumption of Western economics and reshaping the philosophical foundation of the knowledge system. Western economics simplifies humans into atomized individuals pursuing the maximization of interests, ignoring the social attributes of humans and obscuring the ethical value of economic activities. Starting from the fundamental Marxist proposition that “the essence of man is the totality of social relations,” Xi Jinping’s economic thought creatively proposes adhering to the viewpoint of the people’s principal position, shifting the starting point of constructing an independent knowledge system for Chinese economics from “abstract individuals” to “real people.”

在价值立场上，习近平经济思想坚持人民主体地位的观点，超越了西方经济学的“理性人”假设，重塑知识体系的哲学根基。西方经济学将人简化为追求利益最大化的原子化个体，既忽视了人的社会属性，更遮蔽了经济活动的伦理价值。习近平经济思想从马克思主义关于“人的本质是一切社会关系的总和”这一根本命题出发，创造性提出坚持人民主体地位的观点，将构建中国经济学自主知识体系的起点从“抽象个体”转向“现实的人”。

For example, regarding promoting the urbanization of the agricultural transfer population, General Secretary Xi Jinping, in his speech at the Central Urbanization Work Conference, pointed out: “We must adhere to voluntariness, classification, and order,” including “fully respecting the wishes of farmers, letting them choose for themselves, without adopting coercive methods,” and “orderly guiding the flow of incremental population.” [11] Another example: addressing the defect of Western macroeconomics that only focuses on GDP,

比如，对于推进农业转移人口市民化，习近平总书记在《在中央城镇化工作会议上的讲话》中指出“要坚持自愿、分类、有序”，包括“充分尊重农民意愿，让他们自己选择，不能采取强迫的做法”“有序引导增量人口流向”等。又如，针对西方宏观经济学唯GDP的缺陷，习近平总书记在《把握新发展阶段，贯彻新发展理念，构建新发展格局》中明确要求“从根本宗旨把握新发展理念”，指出“只有坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，坚持发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享，才会有正确的发展观、现代化观”。习近平经济思想坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，始终坚持优先保障人民的生存权、发展权和健康权，为构建中国经济学自主知识体系打牢了哲学根基。

In terms of the mode of knowledge production, Xi Jinping Thought on the Economy adheres to the epistemology of "from the masses, to the masses," forming a new mode of knowledge production. Unlike the mode of knowledge production in Western economics, which starts from assumptions and is model-driven to construct "blackboard economics," Xi Jinping Thought on the Economy consistently takes the practical creations of the masses as the living source of theoretical innovation, and in turn guides practical innovation with new theoretical achievements, forming a complete chain of "problem orientation—practical testing—theoretical sublimation—practical adherence."

在知识生产方式上，习近平经济思想坚持“从群众中来、到群众中去”的认识论，形成新的知识生产方式。与西方经济学从假设出发、以模型驱动构建“黑板经济学”的知识生产方式不同，习近平经济思想始终将人民群众的实践创造作为理论创新的源头活水，又以新的理论成果指导实践创新，形成了“问题导向—实践检验—理论升华—实践依循”的完整链条。

For example, theory originates from the summarization and refinement of the people's practice. *Continuously Opening Up New Horizons for Marxist Political Economy in Contemporary China* points out: "We must, based on our national conditions and our development practice, deeply study the new situations and new problems facing the world economy and our country's economy, reveal new characteristics and new laws, refine and summarize the regular achievements of our country's economic development practice, and elevate practical experience into a systematized economic theory." Another example is that theoretical innovation undergoes iterative upgrading through practical testing. Take rural reform as an example. With the accelerated development of China's productive forces and the deepening of rural reform in the New Era, the theoretical connotation of the Party's work concerning agriculture, rural areas, and farmers has also been continuously enriched through deepening reform and innovative development. *Upholding Ownership Rights, Safeguarding Contracting Rights, and Activating Management Rights* points out: "Vitalizing land management rights and promoting the orderly transfer of land management rights is a task with strong policy implications. We must properly grasp the degree of land management rights transfer, concentration, and large-scale operation, and ensure it is compatible with the urbanization process and the scale of rural labor transfer, compatible with the degree of agricultural technological progress and improvement of production means, and compatible with the improvement of the level of agricultural socialized services." This reflects our Party's initiative and consciousness in deepening theoretical innovation based on the actual changes in the people's production and life.

比如，理论源于对人民实践的总结提炼。《不断开拓当代中国马克思主义政治经济学新境界》指出：“我们要立足我国国情和我们的发展实践，深入研究世界经济和我国经济面临的新情况新问题，揭示新特点新规律，提炼和总结我国经济发展实践的规律性成果，把实践经验上升为系统化的经济学说”。又如，理论创新经由实践检验迭代升级。以农村改革为例。随着新时代以来我国农业生产力的加速发展和农村改革的深化，党的“三农”理论内涵也在深化改革、创新发展中不断丰富。《坚持所有权、保障承包权、用活经营权》指出：“放活土地经营权，推动土地经营权有序流转，是一项政策性很强的工作，要把握好土地经营权流转、集中、规模经营的度，要与城镇化进程和农村劳动力转移规模相适应，与农业科技进步和生产手段改进程度相适应，与农业社会化服务水平提高相适应。”这反映出我们党基于人民群众生产生活的实际变化，深入推进理论创新的主动和自觉。

In terms of goal orientation, Xi Jinping Thought on the Economy takes safeguarding the fundamental interests of the people as the ultimate foothold of theoretical innovation. Western economics takes capital accumulation as the fundamental goal of theoretical innovation, and its knowledge system is essentially a tool serving capital expansion. For example, mainstream Western economics takes "Pareto optimality" as its ideal goal, but its theoretical core implicitly accepts distributional inequality, which in practice often leads to the "Matthew effect" where the rich get richer and the poor get poorer, forming a torn society where prosperity and poverty coexist. General Secretary Xi Jinping, in *Continuously Opening Up New Horizons for Marxist Political Economy in Contemporary China*, clearly states that the people-centered development thought "we must never forget at any time; deploying economic work, formulating economic policies, and promoting economic development must firmly adhere to this fundamental stance." The independent knowledge system of Chinese economics takes enhancing the well-being of the people, promoting the all-round development of people, and steadily advancing towards common prosperity as its goal and the starting point and foothold of economic development, aiming the pointer of theoretical innovation at the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development. This goal setting is not an abstract value declaration, but is transformed into operable institutional arrangements through systematic theoretical construction.

在目标指向上，习近平经济思想以维护人民根本利益为理论创新的最终落脚点。西方经济学将资本增殖作为理论创新的根本目标，其知识体系本质上是为资本扩张服务的工具。例如，西方主流经济学以“帕累托最优”为理想目标，但其理论内核默认了对分配不平等的接受，在实践中往往导致富者愈富、穷者愈穷的“马太效应”，形成繁荣与贫困并存的撕裂社会。习近平总书记在《不断开拓当代中国马克思主义政治经济学新境界》中旗帜鲜明地指出，坚持以人民为中心的发展思想“我们任何时候都不能忘记，部署经济工作、制定经济政策、推动经济发展都要牢牢坚持这个根本立场”。中国经济学自主知识体系把增进人民福祉、促进人的全面发展、朝着共同富裕方向稳步前进作为目标和经济发展的出发点、落脚点，将理论创新的指针对准发展不平衡不充分的问题。这一目标设定不是抽象的价值宣示，而是通过系统性的理论建构转化为可操作的制度安排。

Xi Jinping’s economic thought breaks through the “market–government” binary opposition framework of Western economics, stimulating the initiative, proactivity, and creativity of different subjects in primary distribution, thereby laying the material foundation for achieving common prosperity for all the people; in redistribution, it better leverages the role of the government, increasing the regulatory force of taxation, social security, and transfer payments, weaving and tightening the social security net; in tertiary distribution, it is based on the social self-awareness of the rich driving the poor, guiding social forces to participate in wealth sharing, ultimately enabling the government, the market, and society to form a joint force, unifying the making of the “cake” bigger and the fair distribution of the “cake” in the process of Chinese-path modernization, highlighting the value core of “people are the end of development, not the means” in the economic knowledge system, and answering the question of the times, “How is common prosperity possible?” through theoretical innovation.

习近平经济思想突破西方经济学“市场—政府”二元对立框架，在初次分配中激发不同主体的积极性主动性创造性，为实现全体人民共同富裕奠定物质基础；在再分配中更好发挥政府作用，加大税收、社会保障、转移支付等的调节力度，织密织牢社会保障网；在第三次分配中立足先富带动后富的社会自觉，引导社会力量参与财富共享，最终使政府、市场、社会三方形成合力，将做大“蛋糕”与分好“蛋糕”统一于中国式现代化建设进程，在经济学知识体系中凸显“人是发展的目的而非工具”的价值内核，并以理论创新回答了“共同富裕何以可能”的时代之问。

Chinese-Path Modernization Is the Practical Soil for the Independent Knowledge System of Chinese Economics

中国式现代化是中国经济学自主知识体系的实践土壤

In the important document “The Mission and Tasks of the Communist Party of China on the New Journey of the New Era,”[1]1 This refers to the report delivered by Xi Jinping at the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in October 2022, which outlines the central tasks of the Party on the new journey of the New Era. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Chinese-path modernization is socialist modernization led by the Communist Party of China. It contains elements that are common to the modernization processes of all countries, but it is more characterized by features that are unique to the Chinese context.”[2]2 This is a direct quotation from Xi Jinping’s report at the 20th National Congress. This important assertion profoundly reveals the essential attributes of Chinese-path modernization and also indicates the practical direction for constructing an independent knowledge system for Chinese economics.

习近平总书记在《新时代新征程中国共产党的使命任务》这一重要文献中指出：“中国式现代化，是中国共产党领导的社会主义现代化，既有各国现代化的共同特征，更有基于自己国情的中国特色。”这一重要论断深刻揭示了中国式现代化的本质属性，也指明了构建中国经济学自主知识体系的实践方向。

Chinese-path modernization breaks the Western-centric development paradigm, opening up an entirely new development path in China, an economy with a population of over 1.4 billion. On the new journey of comprehensively building a modern socialist country, Chinese-path modernization is not only a magnificent social transformation but also a fertile ground that nurtures theoretical innovation and tests theoretical innovation.

中国式现代化打破了西方中心主义的发展范式，在中国这个拥有14亿多人口规模的经济体中开辟了全新的发展路径。在全面建设社会主义现代化国家的新征程上，中国式现代化既是一场波澜壮阔的社会变革，更是一块孕育理论创新、检验理论创新的沃土。

Chinese-path modernization is an unprecedented great practice. The report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC clearly summarized Chinese-path modernization as modernization of a huge population, modernization of common prosperity for all, modernization of the coordination of material civilization and cultural-ethical progress, modernization of harmony between humanity and nature, and modernization of peaceful development.[3]3 These five features of Chinese-path modernization were formally articulated in the report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC. In its practical exploration, Chinese-path modernization exhibits unique composite characteristics, forming a multi-dimensional, multi-level dialectical development pattern, constituting a natural “rich mine” for economic theoretical innovation.

中国式现代化是前所未有的伟大实践。党的二十大报告明确概括了中国式现代化是人口规模巨大的现代化、是全体人民共同富裕的现代化、是物质文明和精神文明相协调的现代化、是人与自然和谐共生的现代化、是走和平发展道路的现代化。中国式现代化在实践探索中展现出独特的复合性特征，形成了多维度、多层次的辩证发展格局，构成了经济学理论创新的天然“富矿”。

It should be recognized that the modernization practice of such a super-large-scale economy, while breaking through traditional development paradigms, also requires the overall coordination of multiple development elements. Especially since entering the New Era, advancing Chinese-path modernization requires both leveraging the institutional advantage of the new nationwide system for mobilizing resources to concentrate efforts on major undertakings[4]4 “New nationwide system for mobilizing resources” (新型举国体制) refers to a state-led mechanism that concentrates national resources—including scientific, industrial, and financial—to achieve strategic technological breakthroughs, updated for the market economy era. and stimulating the innovation vitality of micro-entities through market-oriented reforms of factors of production, promoting a better combination of an effective market and a well-functioning government; both expanding high-standard opening up and deeply participating in the restructuring of global industrial chains and strengthening independent innovation in key areas to break through “bottleneck” technological challenges, coordinating the two major tasks of development and security in further comprehensively deepening reform and opening up; both promoting the eastern regions to climb to the high end of the global value chain and advancing leapfrog development in the central and western regions, constructing a gradient-progressive modernization landscape in promoting coordinated regional development; both accelerating the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy to spawn new quality productive forces and preventing the impact of technological revolution on traditional employment structures, holding the bottom line of people’s livelihood security in industrial upgrading; both maintaining a certain speed of economic development and promoting the transformation of the development mode, shaping new drivers and advantages of development under the constraints of the “dual carbon” goals;[5]5 “Dual carbon” goals (双碳目标) refer to China’s pledges to peak carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. both narrowing the gap between rich and poor through reform of the income distribution system and maintaining reasonable competition to stimulate social innovation vitality, exploring the organic unity of efficiency and fairness under the goal of achieving common prosperity; both absorbing and drawing on the outstanding achievements of human civilization and safeguarding and consolidating the subjectivity of Chinese culture, constructing a modern discourse system with Chinese characteristics in the exchange and mutual learning of civilizations; and so on. These intertwined and superimposed development propositions constitute a picture of modernization with distinct Chinese characteristics. The resolution of each composite challenge contains the dialectical unity of universality and particularity, laying a practical foundation for constructing an independent knowledge system for Chinese economics.

应当看到，这种超大规模经济体的现代化建设实践，在突破传统发展范式的同时，也需要做好多方发展元素的统筹协调。特别是进入新时代以来，推进中国式现代化，既要发挥新型举国体制集中力量办大事的制度优势，又要通过要素市场化改革激发微观主体的创新活力，推动有效市场和有为政府更好结合；既要扩大高水平对外开放、深度参与全球产业链重构，又要在关键领域强化自主创新、突破“卡脖子”技术难题，在进一步全面深化改革中统筹好发展和安全两件大事；既要推动东部地区向全球价值链高端攀升，又要推进中西部地区跨越式发展，在促进区域协调发展中构建梯度递进的现代化版图；既要加速数字经济与实体经济深度融合、催生新质生产力，又要防范技术革命对传统就业结构的冲击，在产业升级中守住民生保障底线；既要保持一定的经济发展速度，又要推动发展方式转变，在“双碳”目标约束下塑造发展新动能新优势；既要通过收入分配制度改革缩小贫富差距，又要维护合理竞争激发社会创新活力，在实现共同富裕目标下探索效率与公平的有机统一；既要吸收借鉴人类文明优秀成果，又要守护巩固中华文化主体性，在文明交流互鉴中构建具有中国特色的现代话语体系；等等。这些交织叠加的发展命题，构成了具有鲜明中国特色的现代化画卷，每个复合难题的破解都蕴含着普遍性与特殊性的辩证统一，为构建中国经济学自主知识体系奠定了实践基础。

Chinese-path modernization is a great practice that some Western theories cannot effectively explain. Traditional economic theories can neither effectively explain China’s parallel development of “synchronization of the four modernizations”—new industrialization, informatization, urbanization, and agricultural modernization—nor effectively explain the great achievements of advancing and expanding Chinese-path modernization since the New Era. With its multi-dimensional and multi-level practical breakthroughs, Chinese-path modernization is constantly deconstructing the explanatory boundaries of traditional economic theories.

中国式现代化是一些西方理论无法有效解释的伟大实践。传统经济学理论既不能有效解释中国新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化“四化同步”的并联式发展，也不能有效解释新时代以来我们推进和拓展中国式现代化的伟大成就。中国式现代化以其多维度、多层次的实践突破，正在不断解构传统经济学理论的解释边界。

For example, the coordinated cooperation between an effective market and a well-functioning government transcends the binary opposition between neoliberalism and state interventionism, contributing a new sample to institutional economics; the organic combination of high-level opening up and independent innovation in implementing the innovation-driven development strategy breaks the assumption of unidirectional technology diffusion in traditional economic globalization theory, constructing a new development paradigm that coordinates deep participation in global industrial chains and high-level scientific and technological self-reliance; the regional coordination between the eastern coastal areas climbing to the high end of the global value chain and the leapfrog development of the central and western regions under China’s industrial spatial layout exposes the explanatory limitations of traditional regional division of labor theory, and the gradient-progressive industrial layout is promoting innovative breakthroughs in spatial economics; promoting the deep integration of the digital economy and traditional industries, cultivating and developing new quality productive forces, breaks through the framework of Schumpeter’s creative destruction theory, buffers the impact of technological revolution with innovation in the social security system, and injects the warmth of people’s livelihood into industrial upgrading theory; the parallel practice of maintaining medium-to-high-speed economic growth and green transformation in promoting green development breaks through the passive adaptation theory of the “Environmental Kuznets Curve,” reshaping growth drivers through energy revolution and market mechanism innovation, and reconstructing the underlying logic of sustainable development theory; the reform of the distribution system under the goal of achieving common prosperity for all the people, by constructing a coordinated institutional system of primary distribution, redistribution, and tertiary distribution, achieves the organic unity of efficiency and fairness, providing a practical model for development economics that transcends the “trickle-down effect” and the “welfare trap”; and so on.

比如，有效市场与有为政府的协同配合，超越了新自由主义与国家干预主义的二元对立，为制度经济学贡献了新样本；实施创新驱动发展战略中高水平对外开放与自主创新的有机结合，打破了传统经济全球化理论中技术扩散单向传导的假设，构建了深度参与全球产业链和高水平科技自立自强相协调的新发展范式；中国产业空间布局下东部沿海地区向全球价值链高端攀升与中西部跨越式发展的区域协调，使传统区域分工理论暴露解释局限，梯度递进的产业布局正在推动空间经济学理论的创新突破；推动数字经济与传统产业深度融合，培育和发展新质生产力，突破了熊彼特创造性破坏理论的框架，以社会保障体系创新缓冲了技术革命冲击，为产业升级理论注入民生温度；推动绿色发展过程中保持经济中高速增长与绿色转型的并行实践，突破了“环境库兹涅茨曲线”的被动适应论，以能源革命和市场机制创新重塑增长动能，重构了可持续发展理论的底层逻辑；在实现全体人民共同富裕目标下的分配制度改革，通过构建初次分配、再分配、第三次分配协调配套的制度体系，实现效率与公平的有机统一，为发展经济学提供了超越“涓滴效应”与“福利陷阱”的实践范本；等等。

The great practice of Chinese-path modernization nurtures theoretical innovation in the New Era. When participating in a joint group meeting of the cultural, art, and social science circles at the Second Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: “Philosophy and social science research should be based on the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics, put forward theoretical viewpoints with autonomy and originality, and construct a disciplinary system, academic system, and discourse system with Chinese characteristics.”[6]6 This quotation is from Xi Jinping’s speech at the joint group meeting of the cultural, art, and social science circles during the Second Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference in March 2019. The magnificent practice of Chinese-path modernization provides a continuous source of nourishment and inspiration for constructing an independent knowledge system for Chinese economics, is reshaping the underlying logic of economics, and is giving birth to an understanding of economic laws with Chinese characteristics.

中国式现代化的伟大实践孕育新时代的理论创新。习近平总书记在参加全国政协十三届二次会议文化艺术界、社会科学界委员联组会时强调：“哲学社会科学研究要立足中国特色社会主义伟大实践，提出具有自主性、独创性的理论观点，构建中国特色学科体系、学术体系、话语体系。”中国式现代化的恢宏实践，为构建中国经济学自主知识体系提供了源源不断的养分和灵感，正在重塑经济学的底层逻辑，催生出具有中国特色的经济规律认识。

From the great practice of poverty alleviation to the institutional exploration of promoting common prosperity for all the people, from the strategic planning of constructing a new development pattern to the initiatives and actions of building a community with a shared future for mankind, every major practical exploration in the economic field in the New Era has been accompanied by theoretical reflection and sublimation, promoting the development and innovation of contemporary Chinese Marxist political economy. The practice of eliminating absolute poverty has created a new sample of poverty reduction economics; advancing supply-side structural reform has provided a new paradigm of structural transformation theory for crossing the “middle-income trap”; perfecting the socialist market economy system has created a new framework for institutional economics; and the new development concepts of innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing have reconstructed the value coordinates of economic development. These practical experiences provide rich theoretical growth points and expand the space for theoretical innovation for constructing an independent knowledge system for Chinese economics.

从脱贫攻坚的伟大实践到促进全体人民共同富裕的制度探索，从构建新发展格局的战略谋划到构建人类命运共同体的倡议和行动，新时代中国在经济领域的每一次重大实践探索，都伴随着理论上的思考升华，推动着当代中国马克思主义政治经济学的发展与创新。消除绝对贫困的实践创造了减贫经济学的新样本，推进供给侧结构性改革为跨越“中等收入陷阱”提供了结构转型理论的新范式，完善社会主义市场经济体制创造了制度经济学的新框架，创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的新发展理念重构了经济发展的价值坐标。这些实践经验为构建中国经济学自主知识体系提供了丰富的理论生长点、拓展了理论创新空间。

Accelerating the Construction of an Independent Knowledge System for Chinese Economics Is a Strategic Task for the Philosophy and Social Science Community

加快构建中国经济学自主知识体系是哲学社会科学界的战略任务

Looking to the future, constructing an independent knowledge system for Chinese economics is both an academic mission and a strategic task. The publication and distribution of the *Selected Works* provides valuable study materials for economic researchers and educators to closely focus on the Two Integrations [7]7 The Two Integrations (两个结合) refers to the principle of integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the best of traditional Chinese culture., adhere to the people-centered development philosophy, deeply study and elucidate the economic laws inherent in Chinese-path modernization, accelerate the formation of innovative achievements in socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics, and enhance confidence in the theory and academic self-awareness. It is an opportunity to accelerate the construction of an independent knowledge system for Chinese economics.

面向未来，构建中国经济学自主知识体系既是学术使命，也是战略任务。《文选》的出版发行，为经济学科研教育工作者紧紧围绕“两个结合”、坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，深入研究和阐发中国式现代化蕴含的经济规律，加快形成中国特色社会主义政治经济学创新成果，增强理论自信和学术自觉提供了宝贵的学习资料，是加快构建中国经济学自主知识体系的良机。

Accelerating the construction of an independent knowledge system for Chinese economics must be guided by Xi Jinping’s economic thought and follow a series of important principles.

加快构建中国经济学自主知识体系，必须以习近平经济思想为指引，遵循一系列重要原则。

General Secretary Xi Jinping has systematically elaborated on this and made clear requirements. At the 2016 Symposium of Experts on the Economic Situation, he pointed out: “We must be guided by Marxist political economy, summarize and refine the great practical experience of China’s reform and opening up and socialist modernization, while drawing on the beneficial components of Western economics.” In *Continuously Opening Up New Horizons for Marxist Political Economy in Contemporary China*, he pointed out: “Regarding foreign, especially Western, economics, we must persist in discarding the dross and selecting the essence, discarding the false and retaining the true, and insist on taking ourselves as the mainstay and using it for our own purposes. We cannot copy or mechanically apply content that reflects the attributes of the capitalist system and its values, or content with Western ideological overtones.” In *Deepening Understanding of Major Issues in Medium- and Long-Term Economic and Social Development*, he pointed out: “Proceed from national conditions, come from Chinese practice and go to Chinese practice, write papers on the land of the motherland, and make theoretical and policy innovations conform to China’s reality and have Chinese characteristics.” “Conduct in-depth research, observe the actual situation and come up with practical measures, fully reflect the actual situation, and make theoretical and policy innovations well-grounded, reasonable, and justified.” “Grasp the laws, adhere to the Marxist stance, viewpoint, and method, see through appearances to perceive the essence, explore long-term trends from short-term fluctuations, and make theoretical and policy innovations fully embody advanced nature and scientificity.” “Establish an international perspective, explore common issues facing humanity from the interaction between China and the world, and contribute Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions to building a community with a shared future for mankind.” At the Symposium on Work in Philosophy and Social Sciences, he pointed out: “Focus on the major issues facing China and the world’s development, and strive to put forward concepts, propositions, and solutions that can embody China’s stance, China’s wisdom, and China’s values.” During his inspection at Renmin University of China, he pointed out: “Take China as the reference and the times as the reference, base ourselves on China’s reality, solve China’s problems, continuously promote the creative transformation and innovative development of fine traditional Chinese culture, and continuously advance knowledge innovation, theoretical innovation, and methodological innovation,” and so on.

习近平总书记对此作出了系统阐述和明确要求，在2016年召开的经济形势专家座谈会上指出：“要以马克思主义政治经济学为指导，总结和提炼我国改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的伟大实践经验，同时借鉴西方经济学的有益成分”；在《不断开拓当代中国马克思主义政治经济学新境界》中指出：“对国外特别是西方经济学，我们要坚持去粗取精、去伪存真，坚持以我为主、为我所用，对其中反映资本主义制度属性、价值观念的内容，对其中具有西方意识形态色彩的内容，不能照抄照搬”；在《深化对中长期经济社会发展重大问题的认识》中指出：“从国情出发，从中国实践中来、到中国实践中去，把论文写在祖国大地上，使理论和政策创新符合中国实际、具有中国特色”“深入调研，察实情、出实招，充分反映实际情况，使理论和政策创新有根有据、合情合理”“把握规律，坚持马克思主义立场、观点、方法，透过现象看本质，从短期波动中探究长期趋势，使理论和政策创新充分体现先进性和科学性”“树立国际视野，从中国和世界的联系互动中探讨人类面临的共同课题，为构建人类命运共同体贡献中国智慧、中国方案”；在哲学社会科学工作座谈会上指出：“要围绕我国和世界发展面临的重大问题，着力提出能够体现中国立场、中国智慧、中国价值的理念、主张、方案”；在中国人民大学考察时指出：“要以中国为观照、以时代为观照，立足中国实际，解决中国问题，不断推动中华优秀传统文化创造性转化、创新性发展，不断推进知识创新、理论创新、方法创新”；等等。

These important expositions have pointed the direction and provided fundamental guidance for constructing the independent knowledge system of Chinese economics and for the education and research of Chinese economics. This process of knowledge production, rooted in China’s soil and oriented toward humanity’s future, not only provides theoretical support for Chinese-path modernization but will also inevitably contribute Chinese wisdom to solving global development challenges, demonstrating the power of truth in the historical process of building a community with a shared future for mankind.

这些重要论述，为构建中国经济学自主知识体系和中国经济学的教育研究指明了方向、提供了根本遵循。这种扎根中国大地、面向人类未来的知识生产过程，不仅为中国式现代化提供了理论支撑，也必将为破解全球发展难题贡献中国智慧，在构建人类命运共同体的历史进程中彰显真理力量。

Peking University is the birthplace of modern higher education in China and has pioneered several landmark achievements in the field of economics. As early as the May Fourth New Culture Movement period [8]8 The May Fourth New Culture Movement (1915–1920s) was an intellectual and cultural movement in China that promoted modernisation, science, democracy, and the critique of traditional Confucian values, and it was a key period for the spread of Marxism in China., Peking University deeply planted red genes, becoming an important cradle and dissemination highland for Marxist political economy in China. At the same time, it took the lead in offering specialized courses in political economy, systematically introducing classical economic theories such as those of Adam Smith and David Ricardo. After the founding of New China, Peking University’s economics discipline has always resonated with the nation’s development. During the period of socialist revolution and construction, it deeply cultivated the construction of the socialist economic theory system. After reform and opening up, it took the lead in conducting research on the socialist market economy theory. By constructing a multi-level disciplinary system covering theoretical economics, applied economics, and interdisciplinary fields, establishing national-level think tank platforms, and deeply participating in research on major economic issues such as national development planning, fiscal and tax system reform, and regional development strategies, Peking University has formed an academic tradition rooted in Chinese practice and responsive to the propositions of the times. In promoting theoretical innovation in economics, Peking University focuses on combining the basic principles of Marxism with the economic practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics and fine traditional Chinese culture. It not only maintains keen tracking of international academic frontiers but also is committed to elevating Chinese experience into economic theory with universal explanatory power.

北京大学是中国近代高等教育的发源地，在经济学领域开创了多个具有里程碑意义的先河。早在五四新文化运动时期，北京大学便深植红色基因，成为马克思主义政治经济学在中国的重要策源地与传播高地，同时率先开设政治经济专门科目，系统引介亚当·斯密、大卫·李嘉图等古典经济学理论。新中国成立后，北京大学经济学科始终与国家发展同频共振，在社会主义革命和建设时期深耕社会主义经济理论体系构建，改革开放后率先开展社会主义市场经济理论研究。通过构建涵盖理论经济学、应用经济学、交叉学科的多层次学科体系，搭建国家级智库平台，深度参与国家发展规划、财税体制改革、区域发展战略等重大经济议题研究，北京大学形成了立足中国实践、回应时代命题的学术传统。在推动经济学理论创新过程中，北京大学注重将马克思主义基本原理与中国特色社会主义经济实践和中华优秀传统文化相结合，既保持对国际学术前沿的敏锐追踪，更致力于推动中国经验上升为具有普遍解释力的经济理论。

Entering the New Era, as a pacesetter in Chinese higher education, Peking University adheres to the guidance of Xi Jinping’s economic thought and continuously and comprehensively promotes the coordinated transformation of the economic discipline paradigm, education system, talent cultivation, and textbook construction in the construction of an independent knowledge system for Chinese economics. In terms of disciplinary paradigm innovation, it actively advances the study of Chinese economic theory with original theories as the backbone, creating a new paradigm for Chinese independent, world-class economic research, contributing to the construction of an independent knowledge system for Chinese economics. In terms of educational and teaching system reform, it actively promotes national projects such as the Economics “101 Plan” [9]9 The Economics “101 Plan” is a Chinese national higher education project aimed at reforming foundational courses in economics, analogous to similar “101 Plans” in other disciplines, to improve teaching quality and curriculum standards., creating a pattern of curriculum-based ideological and political education led by exemplary courses, demonstrated by foundational courses, and supported by professional courses, cultivating New Era economics talents who are upright in morality, highly skilled, proficient in their profession, truth-seeking, and effective in practice. In terms of textbook system construction, focusing on the Party and the state’s cutting-edge guidance and latest concepts in the economic field, it builds a high-quality economics textbook base, explores the laws of textbook construction, launches high-level textbooks, and ensures that theoretical innovation achievements are promptly transformed into educational resources. Under the guidance of Xi Jinping’s economic thought, Peking University will always bear the responsibility of a pathfinder, contributing Chinese wisdom to humanity’s exploration of a fairer and more sustainable path of economic development, and engraving a distinct Chinese coordinate on the world academic map.

进入新时代，作为中国高等教育排头兵，北京大学坚持以习近平经济思想为指引，在中国经济学自主知识体系构建中持续、全面推进经济学学科范式、教育体系、人才培养、教材建设的协同变革。在学科范式创新上，积极推进以原创性理论为主干的中国经济学理论研究，打造中国自主、世界水平的经济学研究新范式，为构建中国经济学自主知识体系添砖加瓦；在教育教学体系改革上，积极推进经济学“101计划”等国家项目，打造典型课程引领、基础课程示范、专业课程支撑的课程思政建设格局，培养道正、术高、业精、实求、事达的新时代经济学人才；在教材体系建设上，围绕党和国家在经济领域的前沿指引和最新理念，高质量建设经济学教材基地，探索教材建设规律，推出高水平教材，使理论创新成果及时转化为育人资源。北京大学在习近平经济思想指引下，将始终以探路者的担当，为人类探索更公平、更可持续的经济发展道路贡献中国智慧，在世界学术版图上镌刻下鲜明的中国坐标。

The New Era and the new journey call for new achievements and a new atmosphere. Peking University will always keep in mind the “greatest concerns of the country” [10]10 “Greatest concerns of the country” (国之大者) is a Party idiom referring to the most fundamental and strategic interests of the state and the Party, which all cadres and institutions must prioritise., take Xi Jinping’s economic thought as guidance, focus on constructing an independent knowledge system for Chinese economics, demonstrate the power of thought in theoretical innovation, embody practical responsibility in advisory services, and display Chinese wisdom in civilizational dialogue. It will strive to make new contributions to the development of contemporary Chinese Marxist political economy and deliver new answers to the questions of China, the world, the people, and the times.

新时代新征程呼唤新作为新气象。北京大学将始终牢记“国之大者”，以习近平经济思想为指引，围绕构建中国经济学自主知识体系，在理论创新中彰显思想力量，在咨政服务中体现实践担当，在文明对话中展现中国智慧，努力为发展当代中国马克思主义政治经济学作出新贡献，在回答中国之问、世界之问、人民之问、时代之问中交出新答卷。

(The author is the Secretary of the Party Committee of Peking University)

（作者为北京大学党委书记）

(This edition’s articles are organized by the People’s Daily Press and edited by the Theoretical Department of the People’s Daily)

（本版文章由人民日报出版社组稿、人民日报社理论部编辑）

Online Editor: Tongxin

网络编辑：同心