Deepening the Integration of Scientific and Technological Innovation with Industrial Innovation

The deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation is the internal driving force, basic pathway, and key measure for cultivating and developing new quality productive forces. Multiple works in the first volume of *Selected Economic Works of Xi Jinping* provide profound and systematic discussions on this major issue. “What Is New Quality Productive Forces and How to Develop Them” points out that “scientific and technological innovation can give rise to new industries, new models, and new drivers of growth, and is the core element for developing new quality productive forces.” “Accelerating the Establishment of a New Development Pattern and Seizing the Initiative for Future Development” states that “we must make integrated plans for the innovation chain, industrial chain, and talent chain, and promote their deep integration.” “Chinese-Path Modernization Must Be Supported by Scientific and Technological Modernization” emphasizes that “we must solidly promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation, and help develop new quality productive forces.” These important discussions point the way and provide fundamental guidance for deepening the integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation and vigorously developing new quality productive forces.

科技创新和产业创新深度融合，是培育发展新质生产力的内在动力、基本路径和关键举措。《习近平经济文选》第一卷中多篇著作对这一重大问题进行了深刻系统论述。《什么是新质生产力，如何发展新质生产力》指出，“科技创新能够催生新产业、新模式、新动能，是发展新质生产力的核心要素”；《加快构建新发展格局，把握未来发展主动权》指出，“坚持创新链、产业链、人才链一体部署，推动深度融合”；《中国式现代化要靠科技现代化作支撑》强调，“扎实推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合，助力发展新质生产力”。这些重要论述，为推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合，大力发展新质生产力，指明了方向、提供了根本遵循。

Strengthen the foundation for integration and increase the supply of high-quality scientific and technological output. China’s original innovation capacity is still relatively weak, and some key core technologies remain subject to constraints imposed by others. We must focus on the key areas and weak links in the construction of the modern industrial system, target bottlenecks such as integrated circuits, machine tools, basic software, advanced materials, scientific instruments, and core germplasm resources, and increase efforts in technological research and development to provide scientific and technological support for ensuring the independent, secure, and controllable nature of key industrial and supply chains. Aiming at the commanding heights of future science, technology, and industrial development, we must make systematic plans and forward-looking arrangements, accelerate scientific and technological innovation in fields such as next-generation information technology, artificial intelligence, quantum technology, biotechnology, new energy, and new materials, and promote the research, development, and application of frontier technologies such as humanoid robots, the metaverse, quantum technology, and 6G, so as to rapidly build new advantages for the development of new quality productive forces. Actively apply new technologies to transform and upgrade traditional industries, target the development directions of digitalization, intelligence, and greenization, strengthen the application and diffusion of digital technologies such as 5G and artificial intelligence, as well as green technologies such as new energy and energy conservation and environmental protection, in traditional industries, and consolidate the basic foundation of the modern industrial system.

强化融合基础，增加高质量科技供给。我国原始创新能力还相对薄弱，一些关键核心技术仍受制于人。要聚焦现代化产业体系建设的重点领域和薄弱环节，针对集成电路、工业母机、基础软件、先进材料、科研仪器、核心种源等瓶颈制约，加大技术研发力度，为确保重要产业链供应链自主安全可控提供科技支撑。瞄准未来科技和产业发展制高点，系统谋划、超前布局，加快新一代信息技术、人工智能、量子科技、生物科技、新能源、新材料等领域科技创新，推动人形机器人、元宇宙、量子科技、6G等前沿技术研发和应用推广，加快构筑新质生产力发展新优势。积极运用新技术改造提升传统产业，瞄准数字化、智能化、绿色化发展方向，强化5G、人工智能等数字技术以及新能源、节能环保等绿色技术在传统产业中的应用与扩散，夯实现代化产业体系的基本盘。

Grasp the key to integration and strengthen the principal position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation. Enterprises are not only the main participants in economic activities but also the main drivers of technological progress. They can most directly respond to and keenly grasp the market demands of scientific and technological innovation, and are the main force in promoting the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation and developing new quality productive forces. We must give full play to the leading role of leading scientific and technological enterprises in scientific and technological innovation and security support, encourage them to increase R&D investment, strengthen the tackling of key core technologies, and provide services for the transformation and upgrading of enterprises within the industry, thereby driving the enhancement of the comprehensive competitiveness of the industry. Improve the mechanisms for the development and growth of specialized and sophisticated small and medium-sized enterprises that produce novel and unique products, support capable private enterprises in taking the lead in undertaking key research tasks in fields such as industrial software and artificial intelligence, and build new drivers for the development of new quality productive forces. Strive to promote enterprise-led integrated innovation among industry, academia, and research, improve the decision-making mechanism for enterprises to take the lead in or participate in the formulation and discussion of major national science and technology strategic plans, major projects, and major policies, and increase support for science and technology-oriented backbone enterprises to take the lead in or participate in national science and technology research tasks and the construction of major innovation platforms. Guide enterprises to cooperate closely with universities and research institutions, jointly refine scientific and technological issues based on industrial needs, jointly conduct scientific research, and collaboratively train scientific and technological talents, promoting the accelerated integration and sharing of innovation resources among various business entities, and gathering strong momentum for the development of new quality productive forces.

把握融合关键，强化企业科技创新主体地位。企业既是经济活动的主要参与者，又是技术进步的主要推动者，能够最直接响应和灵敏把握科技创新的市场需求，是推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合、发展新质生产力的主力军。要充分发挥科技领军企业在科技创新、安全支撑等方面的带动作用，鼓励科技领军企业加大研发投入、加强关键核心技术攻关、为行业内企业转型升级提供服务，带动产业综合竞争力的提升。完善专精特新等中小企业发展壮大机制，支持有能力的民营企业牵头承担工业软件、人工智能等重点领域攻关任务，构筑发展新质生产力的新动能。着力推动企业主导的产学研融通创新，完善企业牵头或参与国家科技重大战略规划、重大项目及重大政策论证制定的决策机制，加大对科技型骨干企业牵头或参与国家科技攻关任务、重大创新平台建设的支持力度。引导企业与高校、科研机构密切合作，面向产业需求共同凝练科技问题、联合开展科研攻关、协同培养科技人才，促进各类经营主体加速创新资源整合和共享，为发展新质生产力集聚强大动力。

Expand the pathways for integration and promote the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements. General Secretary Xi Jinping points out that “the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into actual productive forces is manifested in the form of spawning new industries and promoting the deep transformation and upgrading of industries.” Relying on the advantages of China’s industrial foundation and its super-large market, we must strengthen the construction of the national technology transfer system, accelerate the construction of platforms for concept verification, pilot-scale testing verification, and application verification in key industrial fields, and strengthen the supply of transformation services such as achievement identification, technology maturation, engineering scaling-up, and reliability verification. Improve policy support and market services, promote the application and dissemination of independently developed products, accelerate the iterative upgrading of products, so that more scientific and technological achievements can be transformed from samples into products and form industries, and promote the supplementation of weak industrial chains, the extension of advantageous industrial chains, the upgrading of traditional industrial chains, and the establishment of emerging industrial chains, ensuring that the industrial system is independent, controllable, safe, and reliable. Give full play to the role of science and technology finance, guide financial capital to invest early, invest in small enterprises, invest for the long term, and invest in hard technology. Cultivate and expand patient capital, support scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, guide enterprises, financial institutions, system integrators, and other multiple forces to accelerate the application of scientific and technological achievements in various links of the industrial chain, promote the accelerated development of new quality productive forces, and drive the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure.

拓展融合路径，促进科技成果转化应用。习近平总书记指出，“科技成果转化为现实生产力，表现形式为催生新产业、推动产业深度转型升级”。要依托我国产业基础优势和超大规模市场优势，加强国家技术转移体系建设，在重点产业领域加快概念验证、中试验证、应用验证平台建设，强化成果识别、技术熟化、工程化放大、可靠性验证等成果转化服务供给。完善政策支持和市场服务，促进自主攻关产品推广应用，加快产品迭代升级，使更多科技成果从样品变成产品、形成产业，推动短板产业补链、优势产业延链、传统产业升链、新兴产业建链，保证产业体系自主可控、安全可靠。发挥好科技金融作用，引导金融资本投早、投小、投长期、投硬科技。培育壮大耐心资本，支持科技创新和产业创新，引导企业、金融机构、系统集成商等多方力量，加速科技成果在产业链各环节的应用，促进新质生产力加快发展，推动产业结构优化升级。

(The author is a researcher at the Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, and Secretary of the Party Committee of the Institute of Industrial Economics.)

（作者系中国社会科学院习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心研究员、工业经济研究所党委书记）

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