Enhancing the Quality and Efficiency of Universities’ Service to the Integration of Scientific and Technological Innovation and Industrial Innovation

General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out, “Scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation are the basic pathways for developing new quality productive forces.” [1]1 Xi Jinping, speech at the National Conference on Education, September 9–10, 2024. As both the source of scientific and technological innovation and an important driver of industrial innovation, universities must accurately grasp the connotation and objectives of the integrated reform of the systems and mechanisms for education, science and technology, and human resources, and strive to build a coordinated development system where talent cultivation, scientific and technological innovation, and the transformation of achievements stand as three pillars. This will promote the integrated development of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, contributing wisdom and strength to accelerating the achievement of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening.

习近平总书记指出，“科技创新和产业创新，是发展新质生产力的基本路径”。高校作为科技创新的策源地和产业创新的重要推动者，必须准确把握统筹推进教育科技人才体制机制一体改革内涵目标，着力构建人才培养、科技创新、成果转化三足鼎立协同发展体系，推动科技创新和产业创新融合发展，为加快实现高水平科技自立自强贡献智慧力量。

I. Scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation are the basic pathways for developing new quality productive forces

一、科技创新和产业创新是发展新质生产力的基本路径

Looking at the history of world development, the rise and fall of a country is largely constrained by its scientific and technological strength and industrial competitiveness. At present, changes unseen in a century are accelerating on a global scale. Only by actively seizing the opportunities for the iterative upgrading of productive forces brought by the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, and by cultivating and developing new quality productive forces, can we build new competitive advantages and win the initiative in development.

纵观世界发展史，一个国家的兴衰很大程度上受制于科技实力和产业竞争力。当前，世界百年未有之大变局加速演进，积极抢抓新一轮科技革命和产业变革带来的生产力迭代升级机遇，培育和发展新质生产力，方能构筑竞争新优势、赢得发展主动权。

Developing new quality productive forces is an inherent requirement for promoting high-quality development. Without advanced and developed productive forces, there can be no material and technological foundation for building a modernized strong country. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out, “New quality productive forces are advanced productive forces driven by innovation, breaking away from traditional economic growth models and pathways of productive forces development, featuring high technology, high efficiency, and high quality, and conforming to the new development philosophy.” [2]2 Xi Jinping, speech at the 20th Meeting of the Central Committee for Deepening Overall Reform, June 11, 2024. Through the integrated application of digital technologies and the systematic renovation of production methods, new quality productive forces transform and upgrade traditional industries, develop strategic emerging industries, and cultivate future industries, thereby building an innovation system that supports industrial transformation and upgrading, and providing technological support for breaking through resource and environmental constraints and the bottlenecks of traditional growth models. This not only gives rise to new economic growth poles but also promotes the high-end, intelligent, and green development of manufacturing. By building an open network for scientific and technological innovation and bridging the “digital divide,” it can promote resource sharing and optimal allocation, leading to a significant leap in production efficiency and effectiveness, forming multi-dimensional “spillover effects,” and accelerating the cultivation and growth of emerging industries.

发展新质生产力是推动高质量发展的内在要求。没有先进发达的生产力，就不可能有建成现代化强国的物质技术基础。习近平总书记指出，“新质生产力是创新起主导作用，摆脱传统经济增长方式、生产力发展路径，具有高科技、高效能、高质量特征，符合新发展理念的先进生产力质态”。新质生产力通过数字技术融合应用与生产方式系统性革新，改造升级传统产业、发展战略性新兴产业和培育未来产业，构建起支撑产业转型升级的创新体系，为破解资源环境约束与传统增长模式瓶颈提供技术支撑。这不仅催生新的经济增长极，还推动制造业高端化、智能化、绿色化发展。通过构建开放型科技创新网络、弥合“数字鸿沟”，能够促进资源共享与优化配置，使得生产效率与效益显著跃升，形成多维度的“溢出效应”，加速新兴产业的培育与壮大。

Promoting the integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation is an important lever for developing new quality productive forces. General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized, “Solidly promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation to help develop new quality productive forces.” [3]3 Xi Jinping, speech during an inspection tour in Jiangxi, October 10–13, 2023. Scientific and technological innovation is the core element of developing new quality productive forces. Industry is the important carrier for the gestation, development, and growth of new quality productive forces. Scientific and technological innovation can give rise to new industries, new models, and new drivers of growth, driving productive forces to leap to new levels. For scientific and technological innovation to truly transform into the real productive forces that drive development, it must rely on the industrial system to provide market demand, application scenarios, practical verification, and innovation guarantees. The integrated development of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation can not only break through the “blockages and hidden reefs” in the process of transforming achievements, allowing the innovation chain and the industrial chain to connect seamlessly, but also help improve the “double helix” integration mechanism to reshape the innovation ecosystem, realize the shaping of technological iteration advantages in dynamic adaptation, and continuously develop and expand new quality productive forces. At present, the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is deepening, providing broad space for universities, research institutes, enterprises, and other entities to strengthen coordination and linkage, promote the gathering of scientific and technological innovation elements towards the real needs of industrial development, and advance integrated development.

推动科技创新和产业创新融合是发展新质生产力的重要抓手。习近平总书记强调，“扎实推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合，助力发展新质生产力”。科技创新是发展新质生产力的核心要素。产业是新质生产力孕育、发展、壮大的重要载体。科技创新能够催生新产业、新模式、新动能，驱动生产力向新能级跃迁。科技创新要真正转化为驱动发展的现实生产力，必须依托产业体系提供市场需求、应用场景、实践验证和创新保障。科技创新和产业创新融合发展，不仅可以突破成果转化过程中的“堵点暗礁”，让创新链和产业链无缝对接，也有利于完善“双螺旋”融合机制重塑创新生态，实现在动态适配中塑造技术迭代优势，持续发展壮大新质生产力。当前，新一轮科技革命和产业变革深入发展，为高校、科研院所、企业等主体加强协同联动，促进科技创新要素向产业发展现实需求聚集，推动融合发展，提供了广阔空间。

Universities are a key link in promoting the integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Party proposed to strengthen the coordination and organization of innovation resources and promote the integrated development of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation. [4]4 “揭榜挂帅” (jiē bǎng guà shuài) is a Chinese policy mechanism where a problem or task is publicly announced, and individuals or teams compete to take it on and solve it, often used in scientific research and technology development. As the junction point of education, science and technology, and human resources, universities are not only the backbone of scientific and technological innovation but also powerful promoters of industrial innovation. Universities not only take on the responsibility of exploring the frontiers of world science and technology and serving major national strategies, but also contribute to promoting the transformation of high-quality scientific research achievements, solving practical problems in industrial development, opening up the “last mile” from science and technology to industry, and supporting and serving economic and social development. By leveraging their disciplinary and research advantages, universities produce high-quality scientific research achievements, supporting industrial innovation while promoting scientific and technological innovation; by cultivating a large number of innovative talents, they continuously provide a steady stream of intellectual support for scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation. In collaborative innovation with governments, enterprises, and research institutes, they establish a number of industry-university-research cooperation innovation platforms and technology professional centers, forming innovative mechanisms such as customized talent cultivation, school-enterprise mutual appointment of dual supervisors, and school-enterprise joint research, effectively promoting the integrated development of industry, academia, and research, and playing a key hub role in advancing the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation.

高校是促进科技创新和产业创新融合的关键一环。党的二十届三中全会提出，要加强创新资源统筹和力量组织，推动科技创新和产业创新融合发展。高校作为教育、科技、人才的结合点，既是科技创新的中坚力量，也是产业创新的有力推动者。高校不仅在探索世界科技前沿、服务国家重大战略上挺膺担当，也在推动高质量科研成果落地转化、解决产业发展实际问题，打通科技到产业的“最后一公里”、服务支撑经济社会发展中赋能助力。高校发挥学科科研优势，产出高质量科研成果，在推动科技创新的同时支撑产业创新；通过培养大量创新人才，不断为科技创新、产业创新提供源源不断的智力支持。在与政府、企业、科研院所的协同创新中，建立一批产学研合作创新平台和技术专业中心，形成定制化人才培养、校企互聘双导师制、校企联合攻关等创新机制，有效推动产学研融合发展，在推进科技创新和产业创新深度融合中发挥着关键枢纽作用。

II. The coordinated development of talent cultivation, scientific and technological innovation, and the transformation of achievements as three pillars in universities is the strategic support for the integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation

二、高校人才培养、科技创新、成果转化三足鼎立协同发展是科技创新和产业创新融合的战略支撑

General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized, “Persist in grasping education, science and technology, and human resources together, not only producing more scientific and technological achievements but also transforming those achievements into tangible productive forces.” [5]5 Xi Jinping, speech at the National Conference on Science and Technology, the National Conference on the Two Sessions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and the 10th National Congress of the China Association for Science and Technology, June 24, 2024. Universities should adhere to the principle of education-oriented, keep pace with the times to promote the paradigm shift in education and the restructuring of scientific research, and build a coordinated development system where talent cultivation, scientific and technological innovation, and the transformation of achievements stand as three pillars. This will continuously output innovative talents, precisely supply core technologies, and efficiently transform scientific and technological achievements, deeply serving the integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation.

习近平总书记强调，“坚持教育、科技、人才一起抓，既多出科技成果，又把科技成果转化为实实在在的生产力”。高校应坚持育人为本，与时俱进推动教育范式革新、科研组织重构，构建人才培养、科技创新、成果转化三足鼎立协同发展体系，源源不断输出创新人才、精准供给核心技术、高效转化科技成果，深度服务科技创新和产业创新融合。

Use high-quality talent cultivation to fill the driving force for continuous innovation. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out: “Talent is the first resource for innovation, and human resources are an important strength and significant advantage for our country in fierce international competition.” [6]6 “双向奔赴” (shuāng xiàng bēn fù) is a popular Chinese idiom meaning a mutual effort or two-way commitment, often used to describe a relationship or process where both sides actively move toward each other. Universities bear the dual task of basic discipline education and cutting-edge knowledge exploration. Current talent cultivation has already transcended traditional professional ability shaping, aiming to cultivate composite talents who possess both a solid professional foundation and a broad interdisciplinary perspective, as well as continuous innovation ability. First, the educational philosophy is shifting from a “supply-oriented” approach of knowledge transmission to a “demand-driven” approach of innovation empowerment. The scientific frontier and practical innovation are fully integrated into the entire teaching process, and a new educational paradigm of “student-centered, problem-oriented, and ability-based” is gradually taking shape. The closed-loop ecology of “research-education-industry” enables students to achieve a dual enhancement of knowledge accumulation and innovation ability in tackling real-world topics. Second, the disciplinary structure is shifting from the disciplinary barriers of “single segmentation” to the interdisciplinary integration of “cross-border fusion.” Scientific innovation breakthroughs and complex problem-solving have shifted from the depth of a single discipline to the interweaving and reconstruction of knowledge and the synergistic evolution of multiple disciplines, and major original innovations are increasingly emerging from the deeply intersecting fields of disciplines. Universities should actively adapt to the trends of scientific and technological development and the laws of innovation development, actively explore differentiated training models for top-notch innovative talents, break down the “knowledge islands” of traditional disciplines, and promote cross-disciplinary and cross-field collaborative education. Third, the education mechanism is shifting from a single-point breakthrough in the “closed campus” to an ecological cultivation in the “open network.” The talent cultivation system in universities is undergoing systematic restructuring, gradually shifting from a “mechanical” superposition of elements to an “organic” ecological construction. Equipping students with academic mentors, industry mentors, and entrepreneurial mentors, and establishing supporting mechanisms for cross-college course selection and credit recognition across colleges, will effectively cultivate students’ ability to combine basic research capabilities with the systematic ability to solve complex problems.

以优质人才培养充盈持续创新的动力源泉。习近平总书记指出：“人才是创新的第一资源，人才资源是我国在激烈的国际竞争中的重要力量和显著优势。”高校承担着基础学科教育和前沿知识探索的双重任务，目前的人才培养已然超越传统专业能力塑造，致力于培养既具备深厚专业基础、广泛跨界视野，又拥有持续创新能力的复合型人才。一是教育理念正在从知识传授的“供给导向”向创新赋能的“需求牵引”转变。科学前沿与实践创新全方位融入教学全过程，“学生主体、问题导向、能力本位”的新型教育范式逐步形成。“科研—教育—产业”的闭环生态，使学生在真实课题攻关中实现知识积累与创新能力的双重提升。二是学科架构正在从“单一分割”的学科壁垒向“跨界融合”的学科交叉转变。科学创新突破和复杂问题解决，已经由单一学科纵深转向知识交织重构、多学科协同演进，重大原始创新也愈发发轫于学科深度交叉的融合领域。高校应主动适应科技发展趋势和创新发展规律，积极探索拔尖创新人才差异化培养模式，打破传统学科的“知识孤岛”，推动跨学科、跨领域的协同育人。三是育人机制正在从“封闭校园”的单点突破向“开放网络”的生态培育转变。高校人才培养体系正在经历系统性重构，逐步从“机械式”的要素叠加转向“有机式”的生态营造。配备学术导师、产业导师和创业导师，建立配套的跨学院课程互选、学分互认机制，将有效培养学生兼具基础研究能力和解决复杂问题的系统能力。

Constructing the core engine of knowledge production and dissemination through cutting-edge technological innovation. Technological innovation is the driving force behind technology transfer and the transformation of achievements, and it is also the key to enhancing the overall efficiency of the national innovation system. The technological innovation activities of universities are evolving from the linear “laboratory model” to a networked, collaborative innovation ecosystem. First, adhere to the “Four Orientations” [7]7 The “Four Orientations” (四个面向) refers to the strategic direction for scientific and technological innovation in China: facing the world’s scientific frontiers, facing the main economic battlefield, facing the major national needs, and facing the people’s life and health. strategic direction to consolidate the foundation of basic research. Centering on national strategic needs, enhance the combined innovation force of national-level research bases, strategic scientist teams, and major scientific and technological tasks, with a focus on deploying strategic fields such as new-generation information technology, new energy, and biomedicine, achieving a dual-wheel drive of breakthroughs in basic research “from 0 to 1” and tackling “bottleneck” problems in key core technologies. Second, strive to form an innovation value chain of “knowledge creation—technology transfer—industrial transformation.” Incorporate the “cognitive breakthroughs” of basic research, the “application leaps” of technological development, and the “value realization” of industrial transformation into a unified value network, forming a virtuous cycle of “knowledge driving technology, technology empowering industry, and industry feeding back knowledge.” Strengthen the dynamic linkage between basic research and industrial application, promoting a paradigm shift from traditional single-discipline scientific research toward application-scenario-focused research. Third, practice the “big science” collaborative concept to build an “innovation community.” Adhere to a problem-oriented approach, combine urgent national needs with academic innovation exploration, construct a “organized research” system, and rely on platforms such as national key laboratories to integrate multidisciplinary forces for collaborative innovation. By optimizing the allocation of capital chains, talent chains, and innovation chains, build comprehensive platforms for the integration of science and education, industry and education, and universities and enterprises, achieving the orderly aggregation and virtuous cycle of elements such as knowledge, technology, and data; through the new nationwide system [8]8 The “new nationwide system” (新型举国体制) is a Chinese concept for mobilizing national resources to achieve breakthroughs in key technologies, combining state planning with market mechanisms., integrate strategic scientific and technological forces such as national key laboratories, leading technology enterprises, and university research institutes to form a “big science” joint force for tackling key problems.

以前沿科技创新构筑知识生产传播的核心引擎。科技创新是技术转移与成果转化的动力源泉，更是国家创新体系整体效能提升的关键所在。高校的科技创新活动正在从线性发展的“实验室模式”演进为网络化协同的创新生态系统。一是坚持“四个面向”战略导向夯实基础研究根基。围绕国家战略需求，提升国家级科研基地、战略科学家团队和重大科技任务创新合力，重点布局新一代信息技术、新能源、生物医药等战略性领域，实现基础研究“从0到1”的突破与关键核心技术“卡脖子”攻关的双轮驱动。二是着力形成“知识创造—技术转移—产业转化”的创新价值链。将基础研究的“认知突破”、技术开发的“应用跃迁”与产业转化的“价值实现”纳入统一的价值网络，形成“知识驱动技术、技术赋能产业、产业反哺知识”的良性循环。强化基础研究与产业应用的动态衔接，推动传统单一学科的科学研究向聚焦应用情景的范式转型。三是践行“大科学”协同理念打造“创新共同体”。坚持问题导向，将国家急需与学术创新探索相结合，构建“有组织科研”体系，依托国家重点实验室等平台，整合多学科力量开展协同创新。通过优化资金链、人才链与创新链的配置，搭建科教、产教、校企对接的综合性平台，实现知识、技术、数据等要素的有序集聚与良性循环；通过新型举国体制整合国家重点实验室、科技领军企业、高校科研院所等战略科技力量，形成“大科学”攻坚合力。

Enriching the realization pathways of innovation value through the transformation of achievements. Universities promoting technological innovation must both “reach for the sky” and “stand on the ground.” “Reaching for the sky” means strengthening basic research and applied research, creating world-class achievements, and securing a place in the world’s high-tech fields; “standing on the ground” means closely integrating with specific characteristics to better transform scientific research achievements into real productive forces, enabling these achievements to play a major role in the country’s pillar industries and leading sectors, and making significant contributions to national economic construction and social development. First, promote a paradigm shift toward system-integrated scientific research. Break through the traditional “discipline-oriented” knowledge production model, establish a “national strategy—problem orientation—system integration” scientific research organization model centered on national strategic needs and the breakthrough of industrial bottlenecks, integrate basic research, applied research, and engineering resources through interdisciplinary research platforms, and promote the transformation of scientific research activities from free exploration to “demand response,” enabling original innovation to directly serve the tackling of “bottleneck” technologies. Dynamically adjust research directions and resource allocation to achieve seamless connection from the laboratory to industrialization. Second, improve the support mechanisms for innovation transformation. By constructing support mechanisms for achievement transformation, form a complete closed loop from knowledge creation to industrial implementation, achieving the cyclical value addition of innovation elements. Establish a front-end concept verification system to accelerate the verification of technical feasibility through professional evaluation and early cultivation; build pilot-scale maturation platforms to link the key stages between laboratory achievements and large-scale production; innovate the rights and interests distribution system to stimulate the transformation motivation of research subjects through long-term benefit sharing; leverage the synergistic role of financial instruments to open up market channels through the capitalization of intellectual property. Third, leverage the synergistic mechanism of “government-industry-academia-research-application.” Guided by government coordination, driven by demand from the end, with universities providing core technologies, enterprises leading engineering development, and users providing feedback for upgrades, form a spiral innovation cycle. By building carriers such as university-centered innovation zones and industrial innovation consortia, aggregate platform resources such as national key laboratories and industrial research institutes, promoting the high-density aggregation, high-efficiency flow, and high-quality allocation of elements such as scientific and technological achievements, talent, and capital. At the same time, optimize the orientation of value evaluation, incorporating contributions to technology transfer and the effectiveness of industrial services into the scientific research evaluation system and talent evaluation dimensions, encouraging researchers to “write their papers on the land of the motherland.”

以成果转化丰富创新价值的实现路径。高校推动科技创新，既要“顶天”，也要“立地”。“顶天”是指加强基础研究和应用研究，创造世界一流成果，在世界高科技领域占有一席之地；“立地”是指紧密结合特色，将科研成果更好地转化为现实生产力，使这些成果在国家的支柱产业、主导行业发挥重大作用，为国家经济建设和社会发展作出重大贡献。一是推进系统集成的科研范式转型。突破传统“学科导向”的知识生产模式，建立以国家战略需求和产业瓶颈突破为核心的“国家战略—问题导向—系统集成”的科研组织模式，通过跨学科研究平台整合基础研究、应用研究与工程化资源，推动科研活动从自由探索向“需求响应”转型，使原始创新直接服务于“卡脖子”技术攻关。动态调整研究方向与资源配置，实现从实验室到产业化的无缝衔接。二是完善创新转化的支撑机制。通过构建成果转化支撑机制，形成从知识创造到产业落地的完整闭环，实现创新要素的循环增值。建立前端概念验证体系，以专业化评估和早期培育加速技术可行性验证；搭建中试熟化平台，链接实验室成果与规模化生产之间的关键环节；创新权益分配制度，以长期收益共享激发科研主体转化动力；发挥金融工具协同作用，以知识产权资本化打通市场化通道。三是发挥“政产学研用”协同机制作用。由政府统筹引导、需求端牵引、高校供给核心技术、企业主导工程化开发、用户反馈升级，形成螺旋式创新循环。通过建设环高校创新区、产业创新联合体等载体，集聚国家重点实验室、产业研究院等平台资源，推动科技成果、人才、资本等要素高密度聚集、高效率流动、高质量配置。同时，优化价值评价导向，将技术转移贡献、产业服务成效纳入科研评价体系、人才评价维度，推动科研人员“把论文写在祖国的大地上”。

III. Leveraging the Unique Advantages of Universities to Promote the Deep Integration of Technological Innovation and Industrial Innovation

三、发挥高校特色优势促进科技创新和产业创新深度融合

On the new journey [9]9 “New journey” (新征程) refers to the period after the 20th National Congress of the CPC (2022), marking the start of comprehensively building a modern socialist country., facing the new mission and new requirements of serving the development of new quality productive forces through the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation, universities should fully leverage their unique advantages in education, science and technology, and talent. They should continuously innovate new models and new pathways for jointly refining scientific and technological problems with enterprises, collaboratively cultivating innovative talents, jointly conducting scientific research to tackle key problems, jointly promoting the transformation of achievements, and jointly shaping a good innovation culture. This will better promote the integrated innovation of industry, academia, and research, cultivating new momentum and shaping new advantages for high-quality development.

新征程上，面对以科技创新和产业创新深度融合、共同服务发展新质生产力的新使命新要求，高校应充分发挥教育、科技、人才等方面特色优势，不断创新与企业共同凝练科技问题、协同培养创新人才、联合开展科研攻关、合力促进成果转化、共塑良好创新文化的新模式新路径，更好地促进产学研融通创新，为高质量发展培育新动能、塑造新优势。

Optimizing the training system for top-notch innovative talents and cultivating the subjects of integrated development. Top-notch innovative talents are the main force in promoting the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized, “It is necessary to improve the mechanism for matching talent training with the needs of economic and social development, and enhance the quality and efficiency of independent talent training.” [10]10 This is a quotation from General Secretary Xi Jinping, emphasizing the need to align talent training with economic and social development needs. Universities should focus on the future needs of science, technology, and industrial development regarding the knowledge structure and competency of talents, continuously enhance the effectiveness of ideological and political education, implement the project of fostering virtue and nurturing people for the New Era, persistently use Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to cultivate souls and educate people, integrate the ethics of scientific and technological innovation and the sentiment of serving the country through industry into ideological and political courses and curriculum-based ideological and political education, and educate and guide students to bravely shoulder the mission of the times and grow into innovative talents with both scientific spirit and social responsibility. Continuously improve the training system for top-notch innovative talents, further break down the boundaries between academic stages, disciplinary barriers, and university-enterprise boundaries. Taking the talent competency map of key industrial fields as the goal, focus on multi-stage through-type training, systematically restructure the curriculum system, textbook system, scientific research training system, and internship practice system, promote the construction of a dual-tutor team of “academic mentors + industry professors,” create an immersive and experiential practical teaching system, enable students to complete the full-cycle cultivation of innovation capabilities in real industrial scenarios, and effectively improve the degree of alignment between the education system and the urgent needs of scientific and technological development and national strategy. Continuously optimize the talent introduction and cultivation system, innovate new mechanisms for talent introduction and use such as joint university-enterprise appointments and regular job rotations, and introduce composite talents with industrial R&D experience or entrepreneurial backgrounds; tailor-make scientific research capability improvement plans for young talents, create conditions for talents to form cross-disciplinary and cross-field innovation teams, support young talents to deeply participate in the entire production process of enterprises in a resident form, and gradually enable young teacher groups to grow into strategic scientists with both academic insight and industrial insight.

优化拔尖创新人才培养体系，培育融合发展主体。拔尖创新人才是促进科技创新和产业创新深度融合的主体力量。习近平总书记强调，“要完善人才培养与经济社会发展需要适配机制，提高人才自主培养质效”。高校应着眼于未来科技和产业发展对人才知识结构、能力素养的需要，不断提升思政育人效能，实施新时代立德树人工程，坚持不懈用习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想铸魂育人，将科技创新伦理、产业报国情怀融入思政课程和课程思政，教育引导学生勇担时代使命、成长为兼具科学精神与社会责任感的创新型人才。不断完善拔尖创新人才培养体系，进一步打破学段界限、学科壁垒、校企边界，以重点产业领域人才能力图谱为目标，着眼于多学段贯通式培养，系统性重构课程体系、教材体系、科研训练体系和实习实践体系，推动“学术导师+产业教授”的双导师队伍建设，打造沉浸式、体验式的实践教学体系，使学生在真实产业场景中完成创新能力的全周期培养，切实提高育人体系与科技发展、国家战略急需的适配度。不断优化人才引育体系，创新校企联合聘用、定期轮岗等引才用才新机制，引进一批具有产业研发经验或创业背景的复合型人才；量身定制青年人才科研能力提升计划，为人才跨学科、跨领域组建创新团队创造条件，支持青年人才以驻点形式深度参与企业生产全流程，使青年教师群体逐步成长为兼具学术洞察力和产业洞察力的战略科学家。

Build a demand-driven disciplinary ecosystem and strengthen the carriers for integrated development. Disciplines are the primary carriers through which universities carry out scientific and technological innovation and serve industrial development. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out, “We must take scientific and technological development and national strategic needs as the guide, focus on enhancing innovation capacity, optimize the layout of higher education, improve the mechanism for adjusting university discipline offerings and the model for talent cultivation, and strengthen the construction of basic disciplines, emerging disciplines, and interdisciplinary disciplines as well as the cultivation of top-notch talent.” [1]1 Xi Jinping, speech at the National Conference on Education, September 9–10, 2024. Universities should continuously optimize the layout and structure of disciplines, actively adapt to the needs of national strategy, industry demands, and scientific and technological development, improve the dynamic linkage mechanism between disciplinary structure and industrial clusters, implement the breakthrough plan for basic disciplines and interdisciplinary disciplines, and, oriented toward the technical needs of emerging industries such as artificial intelligence, quantum computing, biomanufacturing, new energy, and new materials, comprehensively design strategic disciplines and disciplinary directions for key development, creating a disciplinary landscape that resonates with national strategic needs and industrial transformation. Promote interdisciplinary integration with greater intensity; based on the dual logic of technical principles and industrial demands, break down inherent disciplinary barriers and inter-institutional boundaries, explore the full participation of leading enterprises in disciplinary construction, and systematically promote the construction of interdisciplinary disciplines driven by projects or problems, fostering full cross-fertilization, deep integration, and shared growth among different disciplines. Accelerate the optimization of the disciplinary innovation ecosystem; in accordance with the principles that basic disciplines are primarily assessed by theoretical contribution and disciplinary support capacity, applied disciplines emphasize technological transformation efficiency and social service value, and interdisciplinary disciplines highlight collaborative innovation and national strategic contribution, continuously deepen and refine the disciplinary classification evaluation system, explore the establishment of special disciplinary development zones, grant pilot disciplines special policies in talent recruitment, platform construction, and resource investment, and incentivize and guide disciplines to become “reactors” for technological innovation and “accelerators” for industrial upgrading.

构建需求牵引的学科生态，建强融合发展载体。学科是高校开展科技创新、服务产业发展的主要载体。习近平总书记指出，“要以科技发展、国家战略需求为牵引，着眼提高创新能力，优化高等教育布局，完善高校学科设置调整机制和人才培养模式，加强基础学科、新兴学科、交叉学科建设和拔尖人才培养”。高校应持续优化学科布局结构，主动适应国家战略、产业需求和科技发展需要，完善学科结构与产业集群动态联动机制，实施好基础学科和交叉学科突破计划，面向人工智能、量子计算、生物制造、新能源、新材料等新兴产业的技术需求，统筹设计重点发展的战略性学科和学科方向，打造与国家战略需求、产业变革同频共振的学科格局。以更大力度促进学科交叉融合，基于技术原理与产业需求的双重逻辑，打破固有的学科壁垒、校际边界，探索头部企业全程参与学科建设，有组织地促进项目或问题牵引的交叉学科建设，推动不同学科之间充分交叉、深度融合和共同成长。加快优化学科创新生态，按照基础学科重点考察理论贡献度与学科支撑力、应用学科注重技术转化效能与社会服务价值、交叉学科强调协同创新度与国家战略贡献度的原则，不断深化细化学科分类评价体系，探索设置学科发展特区，赋予试点学科在人才引育、平台建设、资源投入等方面的特殊政策，激励引导学科成为技术创新的“反应堆”与产业升级的“加速器”。

Strengthen the supply of high-quality scientific and technological innovation and consolidate the foundation for integrated development. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized, “We must give full play to the decisive role of the market in the allocation of scientific and technological resources, better leverage the role of the government in all aspects, mobilize the enthusiasm of all links in industry, academia, and research, and form a working pattern that jointly promotes breakthroughs in key core technologies.” [2]2 Xi Jinping, speech at the 20th Meeting of the Central Committee for Deepening Overall Reform, June 11, 2024. Universities should further strengthen organized research, comprehensively analyze the needs of major national strategies and regional economic and social development, as well as the requirements for building a modern industrial system, focus on fields such as information, equipment, and energy, form innovation teams to tackle major problems, proactively lay out and build a batch of major scientific research facilities and shared science and technology resource service platforms, as well as innovation support centers for basic and interdisciplinary disciplines, and continuously enhance the effectiveness of scientific and technological innovation. Accelerate the construction of collaborative innovation consortia; take the opportunity of advancing the construction of advanced research institutes to further expand deep cooperation with governments, research institutes, universities, and leading industry enterprises, comprehensively promote the joint construction of laboratories based on the advantages of multiple parties, carry out joint research on major technical problems of enterprises, and rely on projects to conduct joint university-enterprise talent cultivation, forming a long-term mechanism for symbiotic and collaborative innovation between universities and enterprises. Actively strengthen high-level international scientific and technological exchange and cooperation; focus on issues such as climate problems, energy crises, and food crises, as well as technical needs in fields such as agriculture and environmental governance, encourage and guide teachers to strengthen exchanges and cooperation with scientists from various countries, actively participate in or take the lead in organizing international and regional major scientific plans and scientific projects, and continuously make China’s voice heard in global scientific and technological governance.

强化高质量科创供给，夯实融合发展基础。习近平总书记强调，“要充分发挥市场在科技资源配置中的决定性作用，更好发挥政府各方面作用，调动产学研各环节的积极性，形成共促关键核心技术攻关的工作格局”。高校应进一步强化有组织科研，全面分析国家重大战略和区域经济社会发展需要、现代化产业体系构建需求，聚焦信息、装备、能源等领域，组建创新团队开展重大问题攻关，前瞻性地布局建设一批重大科研装置和科技资源共享服务平台、基础学科和交叉学科创新支撑中心，不断提升科技创新效能。加快构筑协同创新联合体，以推进高等研究院建设为契机，进一步拓展与政府、科研院所、高校、行业头部企业的深度合作，统筹推进立足多方优势共建联合实验室、围绕企业重大技术难题开展联合攻关、依托项目进行校企联合人才培养等，形成校企共荣共生、协同创新的长效机制。主动加强高水平国际科技交流合作，聚焦气候问题、能源危机、粮食危机等问题以及农业、环境治理等领域技术需求，鼓励引导教师加强与各国科学家的交流合作，积极参与或牵头组织国际和区域性重大科学计划与科学工程，持续在全球科技治理中发出中国声音。

Promote the transformation and application of scientific and technological innovation achievements and smooth the pathways for integrated development. The transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements is a key pathway for the integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized, “Scientific and technological innovation achievements must be promptly applied to specific industries and industrial chains, transforming and upgrading traditional industries, cultivating and strengthening emerging industries, laying out and building future industries, and perfecting the modern industrial system.” [3]3 Xi Jinping, speech during an inspection tour in Jiangxi, October 10–13, 2023. Universities should further improve the full-chain collaborative system for transforming scientific and technological achievements; take enterprise needs as the guide, technical needs as the traction, and achievement accumulation as the foundation, compile a list of independent intellectual property achievements, actively unite the main units of different links such as technology research and development, intellectual property, market verification, capital investment, and policy support, set up science and technology innovation guidance funds, build diversified technology transfer platforms, optimize the incentive mechanism for achievement transformation, and accelerate the landing and transformation of a batch of breakthrough and leading scientific and technological achievements. Strengthen the supply-demand match of scientific and technological achievements; take the construction of university science parks as a starting point, build high-standard platforms for the incubation, transformation, and transfer of scientific and technological achievements that integrate concept verification centers, pilot bases, and intellectual property protection and transaction services, fully explore transformable and industrializable scientific and technological achievements within the university, build platforms for supply-demand matching and “open competition for selection,” [4]4 “揭榜挂帅” (jiē bǎng guà shuài) is a Chinese policy mechanism where a problem or task is publicly announced, and individuals or teams compete to take it on and solve it, often used in scientific research and technology development. and promote more scientific and technological achievements from samples to products and then to industries. Take multiple measures to mobilize the enthusiasm of teachers for transforming scientific and technological achievements; in accordance with the principle that “basic research looks at frontier nature, applied research looks at breakthrough nature, and achievement transformation looks at driving nature,” continuously improve the scientific research classification evaluation system and assessment mechanism, actively promote reforms such as the empowerment of job-related scientific and technological achievements and pilot mechanisms for the separate management of job-related scientific and technological achievements, and further release the vitality of scientific and technological achievement transformation.

促进科技创新成果转化应用，畅通融合发展途径。科技成果转化应用是科技创新和产业创新融合的关键途径。习近平总书记强调，“要及时将科技创新成果应用到具体产业和产业链上，改造提升传统产业，培育壮大新兴产业，布局建设未来产业，完善现代化产业体系”。高校应进一步完善全链条协同的科技成果转化体系，以企业需求为导向、技术需求为牵引、成果积累为基础，编制自主知识产权成果名录，主动联合技术研发、知识产权、市场验证、资本投入、政策支撑等不同环节主要单位，设立科创引导基金，搭建多元化技术转移平台，优化成果转化激励机制，加速推动一批具有突破性、引领性的科技成果落地转化。加强科技成果供需对接，以大学科技园建设为抓手，高标准建设集概念验证中心、中试基地、知识产权保护与交易服务为一体的科技成果孵化转化、转移转化平台，全面挖掘校内可转化、可产业化的科技成果，搭建成果供需对接、“揭榜挂帅”平台，促使更多科技成果从样品变成产品、形成产业。多措并举调动教师科技成果转化积极性，按照“基础研究看前沿性、应用研究看突破性、成果转化看带动性”的原则，不断完善科研分类评价体系和考核机制，积极推进职务科技成果赋权改革、职务科技成果单列管理机制试点等探索，进一步释放科技成果转化活力。

Leverage the leading role of high-quality Party building and create an ecosystem for integrated development. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that the scientific and technological power we aim to build must “possess a strong scientific and technological governance system and governance capacity, forming a world-class innovation ecosystem and research environment.” [5]5 Xi Jinping, speech at the National Conference on Science and Technology, the National Conference on the Two Sessions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and the 10th National Congress of the China Association for Science and Technology, June 24, 2024. Universities should further strengthen the leading role of high-quality Party building, strengthen the role of grassroots Party organizations as battle fortresses, promote the establishment of teacher Party branches on disciplines, on major scientific and technological innovation platforms, on key core technology research tasks, and on scientific and technological achievement transformation projects, forming a new pattern of integrated development of “Party building + scientific and technological innovation.” Promote digital and intelligent empowerment with a systematic mindset, increase the application and innovation of artificial intelligence technology in education, proactively lay out and build “AI+” disciplinary structures, curriculum systems, evaluation systems, new scenarios for teaching and research, and new forms of industry-university-research cooperation, and continuously promote the intelligent matching of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation needs and the optimization of resource allocation. Cultivate a good innovation culture in all aspects, deeply explore typical cases and advanced deeds of organized research and industry-university-research collaborative innovation inside and outside the university, jointly form propaganda groups on the spirit of scientists and the spirit of educators with enterprises, and widely publicize the scientific connotation of the spirit of scientists and the spirit of educators as well as the advanced deeds of role models in universities, enterprises, and communities, using a good cultural atmosphere to lead the seamless connection and “two-way rush” [6]6 “双向奔赴” (shuāng xiàng bēn fù) is a popular Chinese idiom meaning a mutual effort or two-way commitment, often used to describe a relationship or process where both sides actively move toward each other. between scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, continuously injecting surging momentum into developing new quality productive forces and advancing Chinese-path modernization.

发挥高质量党建引领作用，营造融合发展生态。习近平总书记指出，我们要建成的科技强国，必须“拥有强大的科技治理体系和治理能力，形成世界一流的创新生态和科研环境”。高校应进一步强化高质量党建引领作用，强化基层党组织战斗堡垒作用，推动教师党支部建在学科上、建在重大科创平台上、建在关键核心技术攻关任务上、建在科技成果转化项目上，形成“党建+科技创新”融合发展新格局。以系统思维推进数智赋能，加大人工智能技术的教育应用和创新力度，前瞻性布局建设“AI+”学科结构、课程体系、评价体系、教学科研新场景和产学研合作新形态，不断促进科技创新与产业创新需求匹配的智能化和资源配置的最优化。全方位培育良好创新文化，深层次挖掘校内外有组织科研和产学研协同创新的典型案例和先进事迹，联合企业组建科学家精神、教育家精神宣讲团，深入高校、企业、社区广泛宣传科学家精神、教育家精神科学内涵和榜样先进事迹，以良好文化氛围引领科技创新与产业创新无缝对接、“双向奔赴”，源源不断为发展新质生产力、推进中国式现代化注入澎湃动能。

(The author is the Party Secretary of Lanzhou University)

(作者系兰州大学党委书记)

Online Editor: Ma Jingren

网络编辑：马京仁