Study and Apply Xi Jinping’s *Selected Works on the Economy* Well, and Solidly Advance High-Quality Development

Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has adhered to integrating the fundamental principles of Marxist political economy with China’s actual conditions and the characteristics of the times, putting forward a series of new concepts, new ideas, and new strategies. In practice, Xi Jinping’s economic thought has been formed and developed, providing the correct direction and fundamental guidance for economic work in the New Era. *Selected Works of Xi Jinping on the Economy*, Volume I (hereinafter referred to as the *Selected Works*), published in March of this year, systematically reflects the rich connotation, scientific system, and innovative contributions of Xi Jinping’s economic thought, providing an authoritative textbook for thoroughly studying and implementing Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, especially Xi Jinping’s economic thought.

党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚持把马克思主义政治经济学基本原理同中国实际和时代特征相结合，提出一系列新理念新思想新战略，在实践中形成和发展了习近平经济思想，为新时代做好经济工作指明了正确方向、提供了根本遵循。今年3月出版的《习近平经济文选》第一卷（以下简称《文选》），系统反映了习近平经济思想的丰富内涵、科学体系和创新性贡献，为深入学习贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想特别是习近平经济思想提供了权威教材。

I. Systematically Study the *Selected Works* and Deeply Comprehend the Fundamental Principles of Xi Jinping’s Economic Thought

一、系统学习《文选》，深刻领悟习近平经济思想的基本原理

The *Selected Works* includes 74 works by General Secretary Xi Jinping. Based on the great practice of China’s economic development, taking comprehensively advancing Chinese-path modernization as the goal orientation, taking the Party’s overall leadership over economic work as the fundamental guarantee, and adhering to the people-centered fundamental stance, it scientifically summarizes the regular understanding of doing economic work well in the New Era. It is the latest theoretical achievement in adapting Marxist political economy to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. Among them, the systematic expositions on five aspects—fostering a new pattern of development, cultivating and developing new quality productive forces, properly handling the relationship between the government and the market, improving the people’s well-being, and coordinating development and security—target the prominent characteristics and key issues of China’s economic and social development at the current stage, and profoundly answer a series of major theoretical and practical questions concerning the path, driving force, mechanism, purpose, and guarantee of promoting high-quality development. In the process of study, we must closely integrate it with actual work and deeply comprehend the fundamental principles for observing, analyzing, and solving practical problems contained in these expositions.

《文选》收入习近平总书记的74篇著作，立足我国经济发展的伟大实践，以全面推进中国式现代化为目标指向，以党对经济工作的全面领导为根本保证，坚持以人民为中心的根本立场，科学总结了新时代做好经济工作的规律性认识，是马克思主义政治经济学中国化时代化的最新理论成果。其中，构建新发展格局、培育发展新质生产力、处理好政府和市场关系、增进民生福祉、统筹发展和安全等5个方面的系统论述，针对现阶段我国经济社会发展的突出特点和关键问题，深刻回答了推动高质量发展的路径、动力、机制、目的、保障等一系列重大理论和实践问题。在学习过程中，我们要紧密结合实际工作，深刻领悟这些论述所蕴含的观察、分析、解决现实问题的基本原理。

Fostering a new pattern of development points out the direction and path of development and is the strategic foundation for promoting high-quality development. Fostering a new pattern of development is a major strategic decision made by the Party Central Committee based on changes in China’s development stage, environment, and conditions, especially based on changes in China’s comparative advantages, after sizing up the situation. It is a systematic, deep-level transformation concerning the overall situation and a strategic plan based on the present and focused on the long term. Articles in the *Selected Works* such as “On Fostering a New Pattern of Development,” “Grasp the New Development Stage, Apply the New Development Philosophy, and Foster a New Pattern of Development,” and “Accelerate the Fostering of a New Pattern of Development and Seize the Initiative in Future Development” provide a comprehensive and systematic exposition of the historical background, great significance, core essence, and focal points of accelerating the fostering of a new pattern of development. We must accurately grasp and actively advance this major strategic deployment of accelerating the fostering of a new pattern of development from an overall perspective, adhere to placing the development of the country and the nation on the basis of our own strength, accelerate the construction of a domestic economic cycle with domestic demand as the mainstay, consolidate the foundation of China’s economic development, enhance the security and stability of development, and thereby form a strong attraction for global factor resources, strong competitiveness in fierce international competition, and strong driving force in global resource allocation, so as to better gain the initiative and win the future in open development.

构建新发展格局指明了发展的方向和路径，是推动高质量发展的战略基点。构建新发展格局是党中央根据我国发展阶段、环境、条件变化，特别是基于我国比较优势变化，审时度势作出的重大战略决策，是事关全局的系统性、深层次变革，是立足当前、着眼长远的战略谋划。《文选》中《关于构建新发展格局》、《把握新发展阶段，贯彻新发展理念，构建新发展格局》、《加快构建新发展格局，把握未来发展主动权》等文章，对加快构建新发展格局的时代背景、重大意义、核心要义和着力点等作出了全面系统的阐述。我们要从全局高度准确把握、积极推进加快构建新发展格局这一重大战略部署，坚持把国家和民族发展放在自己力量的基点上，加快构建以内需为主导的国内大循环，夯实我国经济发展的根基，增强发展的安全性稳定性，并以此形成对全球要素资源的强大吸引力、在激烈国际竞争中的强大竞争力、在全球资源配置中的强大推动力，更好在开放发展中赢得主动、赢得未来。

Cultivating and developing new quality productive forces emphasizes the source of driving force for development and is the intrinsic requirement and important focal point for promoting high-quality development. New quality productive forces are advanced productive forces where innovation plays the leading role, breaking away from traditional economic growth modes and paths of productive forces development, characterized by high technology, high efficiency, and high quality, and conforming to the new development philosophy. Articles in the *Selected Works* such as “What Are New Quality Productive Forces and How to Develop Them” and “Chinese-Path Modernization Depends on the Support of Scientific and Technological Modernization” profoundly elucidate the great significance, scientific connotation, and practical requirements of cultivating and developing new quality productive forces, providing new theoretical guidance for liberating and developing social productive forces on the new journey of the New Era. Cultivating and developing new quality productive forces is a requirement of the times to grasp the in-depth development of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, an intrinsic requirement for promoting economic structural transformation and achieving high-quality development, and the key to gaining a development advantage in fierce international competition and continuously strengthening economic power. We must solidly promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, resolutely win the battle for key core technologies, strive to increase the supply of high-quality science and technology, strengthen the dominant position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, promote the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements, so that more scientific and technological achievements transform from samples into products and form industries, and continuously transform cutting-edge innovation achievements into new quality productive forces.

培育发展新质生产力强调了发展的动力来源，是推动高质量发展的内在要求和重要着力点。新质生产力是创新起主导作用，摆脱传统经济增长方式、生产力发展路径，具有高科技、高效能、高质量特征，符合新发展理念的先进生产力质态。《文选》中《什么是新质生产力，如何发展新质生产力》、《中国式现代化要靠科技现代化作支撑》等文章深刻阐明了培育发展新质生产力的重大意义、科学内涵和实践要求，为新时代新征程解放和发展社会生产力提供了新的理论指导。培育发展新质生产力是把握新一轮科技革命和产业变革深入发展的时代要求，是推动经济结构转型、实现高质量发展的内在要求，也是在激烈的国际竞争中赢得发展先机、不断壮大经济实力的关键所在。必须扎实推动科技创新和产业创新深度融合，坚决打赢关键核心技术攻坚战，着力增加高质量科技供给，强化企业科技创新主体地位，促进科技成果转化应用，使更多科技成果从样品变成产品、形成产业，不断把前沿创新成果转化为新质生产力。

Since the New Era, China has continuously achieved new breakthroughs in basic frontier research, obtaining a number of major original achievements in fields such as quantum science and technology, life sciences, materials science, and space science. On June 6, 2025, the China National Space Administration released an image of the circular solar array of the Tianwen-2 probe being deployed. To meet the power supply needs for exploration of a main-belt comet approximately 375 million kilometers from the sun, the Tianwen-2 probe was developed and equipped with a circular flexible solar array. The image shows the fully deployed solar array captured by a monitoring camera. Photo by Xinhua News Agency, provided by the China National Space Administration.

新时代以来，我国在基础前沿研究上不断实现新突破，在量子科技、生命科学、物质科学、空间科学等领域取得一批重大原创成果。2025年6月6日，国家航天局发布天问二号探测器传回的圆形太阳翼展开的图片。为满足在距离太阳约3.75亿千米的主带彗星开展探测的供电需求，天问二号探测器研发配置了圆形柔性太阳翼。图为监视相机拍摄的太阳翼完全展开后的姿态。 新华社发 国家航天局供图

Properly handling the relationship between the government and the market “grasps” the key factor of development and is a major problem that needs to be solved to promote high-quality development. The relationship between the government and the market is one of the controversial and enduring topics in economics. How to properly handle the relationship between the government and the market, organically combine an effective market and a competent government, and make good use of both the “invisible hand” and the “visible hand” is the core issue of deepening economic system reform. Articles in the *Selected Works* such as “Accurately Grasp Letting the Market Play the Decisive Role in Resource Allocation and Better Playing the Government’s Role,” “The Market Economy Is a Rule-of-Law Economy, and the Rule of Law Is the Best Business Environment,” and “Several Major Theoretical and Practical Issues in Further Deepening Reform Comprehensively” scientifically elucidate the dialectical and unified relationship between the government and the market, transcending the metaphysical “dichotomy” of the relationship between the government and the market that has long existed in Western economics, and contributing Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions to solving this worldwide economic problem of the relationship between the government and the market. We must adhere to dialectics and the “two-point theory,” continue to work hard on the combination of the basic socialist system and the market economy, give full play to the advantages of both sides, and require both an effective market and a competent government. Especially in areas where the market fails, such as the current “involution-style” competition in industries like photovoltaics and new energy vehicles, the government must promptly fill the gap, strengthen macro-control and market supervision, and both coordinate the use of administrative means such as planning, layout, and pricing to guide the standardized development of industries, and also focus on using rule-of-law means, strengthen supervision according to law, regulate the behavior of local governments and enterprises, and better maintain market order.

处理好政府和市场关系“抓”住了发展的关键因素，是推动高质量发展需要破解的重大问题。政府和市场的关系是经济学中充满争议、历久弥新的议题之一。如何处理好政府和市场的关系，让有效市场和有为政府有机结合，把“看不见的手”和“看得见的手”都用好，是深化经济体制改革的核心问题。《文选》中《准确把握使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用、更好发挥政府作用》、《市场经济是法治经济，法治是最好的营商环境》、《进一步全面深化改革中的几个重大理论和实践问题》等文章科学阐明了政府和市场的辩证统一关系，超越了西方经济学长期以来在政府和市场关系上形而上学的“二分法”，为破解政府和市场关系这道经济学世界性难题贡献了中国智慧、中国方案。要坚持辩证法、两点论，继续在社会主义基本制度与市场经济的结合上下功夫，把两方面优势都发挥好，既要有效市场，也要有为政府。特别是在市场失灵的领域，如面对当前光伏、新能源汽车等行业的“内卷式”竞争，政府必须及时补位，加强宏观调控和市场监管，既要统筹运用规划、布局、价格等行政手段，引导行业规范发展，还要注重运用法治手段，依法加强监管，规范地方政府和企业行为，更好维护市场秩序。

Improving the people’s well-being clarifies the fundamental purpose of development and is the starting point and ultimate goal of promoting high-quality development. Development for the people is the fundamental stance of Marxist political economy. We must adhere to the people-centered development philosophy, taking improving the people’s well-being, promoting the well-rounded development of the people, and steadily advancing towards common prosperity as the starting point and ultimate goal of high-quality development. Articles in the *Selected Works* such as “The People’s Aspiration for a Better Life Is Our Goal,” “Adhere to the People-Centered Development Philosophy and Advance the Process of Building a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Respects,” and “Improve the People’s Well-Being and Raise the Quality of Life of the People” discuss the people-centered fundamental stance from many aspects, including the goal of struggle, the original aspiration and founding mission, the development philosophy, changes in the principal contradiction in society, and the essential requirements of socialism, profoundly elucidating the main tasks, principles, and policies for realizing the purpose of socialist production in the New Era. We must adhere to the people-centered development philosophy, respond to the people’s aspiration for a better life, strive to ensure and improve people’s livelihoods, and earnestly and wholeheartedly solve the urgent, difficult, and anxious problems of the masses, so that the achievements of Chinese-path modernization benefit all the people more and more fairly.

增进民生福祉明确了发展的根本目的，是推动高质量发展的出发点和落脚点。发展为了人民，是马克思主义政治经济学的根本立场。必须坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，把增进人民福祉、促进人的全面发展、朝着共同富裕方向稳步前进，作为高质量发展的出发点和落脚点。《文选》中《人民对美好生活的向往，就是我们的奋斗目标》、《坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，推进全面建成小康社会进程》、《增进民生福祉，提高人民生活品质》等文章，从奋斗目标、初心使命、发展理念、社会主要矛盾变化、社会主义本质要求等诸多方面论述了坚持以人民为中心的根本立场，深刻阐明了新时代实现社会主义生产目的的主要任务和方针政策。必须坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，顺应人民群众对美好生活的向往，着力保障和改善民生，用心用情用力解决好群众急难愁盼问题，让中国式现代化建设成果更多更公平地惠及全体人民。

Coordinating development and security “points out” the prerequisite conditions for development and is an important guarantee for advancing high-quality development. Security is the prerequisite for development, development is the guarantee for security, and both safeguarding security and advancing development must be pursued unswervingly. We must adhere to giving equal weight to development and security, enhancing national security capabilities through development while creating a secure environment conducive to economic and social development, effectively preventing and resolving various risks and challenges, and achieving a positive interaction between high-quality development and high-level security. Articles in the *Selected Works* such as “Ensuring China’s Food Security,” “Actively Promoting a Revolution in China’s Energy Production and Consumption,” and “Serving the Real Economy and Preventing Financial Risks” deepen the understanding of the law of the dialectical unity of development and security, pointing the way for implementing the major principle of coordinating development and security in governing the country. The road ahead cannot be smooth sailing; the more the economy develops, the more society progresses, the more important security becomes. We must promote high-level security through high-quality development and ensure high-quality development with high-level security. Only in this way can we fully overcome the various difficulties and challenges on the path forward, withstand the severe tests of stormy and even tempestuous seas, and ensure the smooth progress of the socialist modernization cause.

统筹发展和安全“点”出了发展的前提条件，是推动高质量发展的重要保障。安全是发展的前提，发展是安全的保障，维护安全和推动发展都要坚定不移。要坚持发展和安全并重，既通过发展提升国家安全实力，又营造有利于经济社会发展的安全环境，有效防范化解各类风险挑战，实现高质量发展和高水平安全良性互动。《文选》中《确保我国粮食安全》、《积极推动我国能源生产和消费革命》、《服务实体经济，防范金融风险》等文章，深化了对发展和安全辩证统一规律的认识，为落实好统筹发展和安全这个治国理政的重大原则指明了方向。前进的道路不可能一帆风顺，经济越发展、社会越进步、安全越重要。必须以高质量发展促进高水平安全，以高水平安全保障高质量发展。只有这样，才能全力战胜前进道路上的各种困难挑战，经受住风高浪急甚至惊涛骇浪的重大考验，确保社会主义现代化事业顺利推进。

II. Guided by Xi Jinping’s Economic Thought, Do a Good Job of Economic and Social Development Work

二、以习近平经济思想为指导，做好经济社会发展工作

Our country has entered a critical period of comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization. Facing the complex situation of deepening adverse effects from changes in the external environment and increasing internal risks and challenges, we must deeply study the *Selected Works*, consciously use Xi Jinping’s Economic Thought to plan economic work and promote economic development, effectively and efficiently respond to various risks and challenges, strive to transform positive factors from all sides into development achievements, and focus on advancing high-quality development in depth and substance.

我国已经进入以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业的关键时期。面对外部环境变化带来的不利影响加深、内部风险挑战增多的复杂形势，我们要深入学习《文选》，自觉运用习近平经济思想谋划经济工作、推动经济发展，有力有效应对各种风险挑战，努力把各方面积极因素转化为发展实绩，着力推动高质量发展走深走实。

Firmly grasp the strategic fulcrum of the new development paradigm and expand domestic demand in all respects. General Secretary Xi Jinping points out that to build the new development paradigm, we must adhere to the strategic fulcrum of expanding domestic demand, so that production, distribution, circulation, and consumption rely more on the domestic market, forming a virtuous cycle of the national economy. We must deeply comprehend the theoretical essence and practical requirements of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important discourse on building the new development paradigm, better leverage the main driving force of domestic demand, strengthen the domestic economic cycle, and focus on two key areas of work. On the one hand, vigorously boost consumption, deeply implement the special action to boost consumption, and promote the expansion, quality improvement, and efficiency enhancement of consumption through comprehensive measures such as increasing income and reducing burdens, enriching supply, stimulating vitality, smoothing circulation, and optimizing the environment. On the other hand, expand effective investment, make good and full use of government investment, do solid and detailed preliminary work, do a good job of project planning and reserve, strengthen full-cycle supervision of projects, and improve the comprehensive benefits of investment. Increase efforts to promote private investment, formulate and introduce several measures to further promote the development of private investment, and continue to launch a batch of major projects in areas such as infrastructure, ecological and environmental protection, and public services to attract private capital participation. At the same time, continuously expand high-level opening up, improve the systems and mechanisms for participating in high-level international economic cycles, continuously increase the intensity of independent opening up and unilateral opening up, and use the international cycle to enhance the efficiency and level of the domestic economic cycle.

牢牢把握新发展格局的战略基点，全方位扩大国内需求。习近平总书记指出，构建新发展格局，要坚持扩大内需这个战略基点，使生产、分配、流通、消费更多依托国内市场，形成国民经济良性循环。我们要深刻领悟习近平总书记关于构建新发展格局重要论述的理论精髓和实践要求，更好发挥内需的主动力作用，做强国内大循环，抓好两方面重点工作。一方面，大力提振消费，深入实施提振消费专项行动，通过增收减负、丰富供给、激发活力、畅通循环、优化环境等综合施策，推动消费扩量提质增效。另一方面，扩大有效投资，用好用足政府投资，做实做细前期工作，做好项目谋划和储备，加强项目全周期监管，提高投资综合效益。更大力度促进民间投资，制定出台进一步促进民间投资发展的若干措施，继续在基础设施、生态环保、公共服务等领域推出一批吸引民间资本参与的重大项目。同时，持续扩大高水平对外开放，完善参与高水平国际循环的体制机制，不断加大自主开放和单边开放力度，以国际循环提升国内大循环的效率和水平。

To build the new development paradigm, it is necessary to implement opening up to the outside world on a larger scale, in a wider range of fields, and at a deeper level. From June 19 to 24, 2025, the 9th China-South Asia Expo was held in Kunming, Yunnan. As of 12:00 on June 24, the expo had actually signed 153 commercial contract projects, with foreign trade contract amounts reaching 8.479 billion yuan, and the number of visitors exceeded 500,000. The picture shows the Southeast Asia Pavilion of the expo taken on the closing day. Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Chao/photo

构建新发展格局，要实施更大范围、更宽领域、更深层次的对外开放。2025年6月19日至24日，第9届中国—南亚博览会在云南昆明举行。截至6月24日12时，博览会实际签约商贸合同项目153个，外贸合同金额达84.79亿元，入馆突破50万人次。图为闭幕当日拍摄的博览会东南亚馆。 新华社记者 胡超/摄

Develop new quality productive forces according to local conditions, and drive the expansion of total volume through quality improvement. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasizes that developing new quality productive forces does not mean ignoring or abandoning traditional industries; we must prevent a rush of activity and bubbles, nor should we adopt a single model. We must seriously study and deeply comprehend the practical requirements of developing new quality productive forces according to local conditions, improve top-level design, coordinate the relationship between cultivating new drivers and renewing old drivers, and enhance the supporting capacity of the modern industrial system for high-quality development. Accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, implement high-quality development actions for key industrial chains, actively apply and promote digital intelligence technologies and green technologies, strengthen quality support and standard guidance, and promote the quality improvement and upgrading of key industries such as petrochemicals, automobiles, steel, and shipbuilding. Vigorously develop emerging industries and prospectively lay out future industries, deeply implement the national strategic emerging industry cluster development project, promote key core technology research and achievement application across the entire chain, vigorously implement the “Artificial Intelligence+” action, and promote the development of industries such as large aircraft, the low-altitude economy, the digital economy, original new drugs, and quantum technology. Enhance the overall efficiency of the national innovation system, continuously increase investment in scientific and technological innovation, give full play to the role of the national venture capital guidance fund, increase efforts to attract social capital to participate in venture capital, and create an open and inclusive innovation ecosystem.

因地制宜发展新质生产力，以质量提升带动总量做大。习近平总书记强调，发展新质生产力不是要忽视、放弃传统产业，要防止一哄而上、泡沫化，也不要搞一种模式。我们要认真学习和深刻领会因地制宜发展新质生产力的实践要求，完善顶层设计，统筹好培育新动能和更新旧动能的关系，提升现代化产业体系对高质量发展的支撑能力。加快改造提升传统产业，实施重点产业链高质量发展行动，积极应用推广数智技术、绿色技术，加强质量支撑和标准引领，推动石化、汽车、钢铁、船舶等重点产业提质升级。大力发展新兴产业、前瞻布局未来产业，深入实施国家战略性新兴产业集群发展工程，全链条推进关键核心技术攻关和成果应用，大力实施“人工智能+”行动，推动大飞机、低空经济、数字经济、原创新药、量子科技等产业发展。提升国家创新体系整体效能，持续加大科技创新投入力度，发挥好国家创业投资引导基金作用，更大力度吸引社会资本参与创业投资，打造开放包容的创新生态。

Promote the organic combination of an effective market and a competent government, enhance the effectiveness of macroeconomic regulation, continuously stimulate market vitality, and constantly strengthen development momentum. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasizes that we must coordinate the relationship between an effective market and a competent government, forming an economic order that is both “lively” and “orderly.” We must seriously study and comprehend General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important discourse, adhere to the dual-wheel drive of an effective market and a competent government, ensure that the market plays a decisive role in resource allocation, better play the role of the government, continuously enhance the effectiveness of macroeconomic regulation, continuously strengthen the confidence of business entities, stimulate market vitality, and strengthen development momentum. In response to changes in the situation, continuously strengthen and improve macroeconomic regulation, increase the intensity of counter-cyclical adjustment of macro policies, accelerate the introduction of several measures to stabilize employment, stabilize the economy, and promote high-quality development, normalize and open-endedly do a good job of policy pre-research and reserve, fully prepare contingency plans, continuously improve the policy toolbox for stabilizing employment and the economy, and promptly introduce incremental reserve policies. Deeply advance the construction of a unified national market, deeply implement the guidelines for building a unified national market, revise and publish a new version of the negative list for market access, deeply break down market access barriers, take the comprehensive reform pilot of market-oriented allocation of production factors as a starting point, promote the construction of a unified national factor market, promote the smooth flow of production factors, efficient allocation of various resources, and full release of market potential. Further standardize local investment attraction, increase efforts to correct behaviors that violate the construction of a unified national market. Focus on the crux of the problem, implement policies according to the industry, and apply the right medicine, address both symptoms and root causes to resolve structural contradictions in key industries, adhere to standard guidance, use more market-oriented and rule-of-law means, standardize market competition order, and promote healthy industrial development and quality improvement and upgrading.

推动有效市场和有为政府有机结合，提升宏观调控效力、持续激发市场活力、不断增强发展动力。习近平总书记强调，必须统筹好有效市场和有为政府的关系，形成既“放得活”又“管得住”的经济秩序。我们要认真学习和领会习近平总书记重要论述，坚持有效市场和有为政府双轮驱动，确保市场在资源配置中发挥决定性作用，更好发挥政府作用，不断提升宏观调控效力，持续增强经营主体信心、激发市场活力、增强发展动力。针对形势变化，不断加强和改善宏观调控，加大宏观政策逆周期调节力度，加快推动出台稳就业稳经济推动高质量发展的若干举措，常态化、敞口式做好政策预研储备，充分备足预案，不断完善稳就业稳经济的政策工具箱，及时出台增量储备政策。纵深推进全国统一大市场建设，深入实施全国统一大市场建设指引，修订出版新版市场准入负面清单，深入破除市场准入壁垒，以要素市场化配置综合改革试点为抓手，推动全国统一的要素市场建设，促进生产要素顺畅流动、各类资源高效配置、市场潜力充分释放。进一步规范地方招商引资，加大力度纠治有违全国统一大市场建设的行为。聚焦问题症结因业施策、对症下药，标本兼治化解重点产业结构性矛盾，坚持标准引领，更多运用市场化法治化手段，规范市场竞争秩序，促进产业健康发展和提质升级。

Since the beginning of this year, various regions have actively explored new models of cultural tourism consumption, injecting new impetus into expanding consumption through diversified supply. The picture shows the 2025 Huai’an Marathon and Grand Canal Marathon Series (Huai’an Station) starting on April 13, 2025, with participating runners passing through Huai’an Ecological and Cultural Tourism Zone. Xinhua News Agency issued by He Jinghua/photo

今年以来，各地积极探索文旅消费新模式，以多元化供给为扩大消费注入新动力。图为2025年4月13日，2025淮安马拉松暨大运河马拉松系列赛（淮安站）开跑，参赛选手经过淮安生态文旅区。 新华社发 贺敬华/摄

Strive to safeguard and improve people’s livelihoods, and resolve the pressing, difficult, and worrisome problems of the masses. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that in Chinese-path modernization, the people’s livelihood is paramount; there are no trivial matters concerning the people’s livelihood, and every leaf and twig touches the heart. [5]5 “枝叶总关情” (literally, “every leaf and twig touches the heart”) is a classical Chinese allusion from the Ming dynasty official Zheng Banqiao, meaning that even the smallest matters concerning the people are of great concern to the ruler. We must adhere to the people-centered development philosophy, focus on the masses’ pressing, difficult, and worrisome problems, do our utmost within our means, continuously raise the level of livelihood security, let the fruits of development benefit all the people more and more fairly, and make the warmth of policies more tangible and accessible. Strive to stabilize employment, promote the coordinated发力 of fiscal, monetary, and other policies with employment policies, implement employment support plans for key areas, key industries, urban and rural grassroots units, and small and medium-sized enterprises, and strengthen the protection of the rights and interests of workers in flexible employment and new forms of employment. Improve the income distribution system, standardize the order of income distribution, build a coordinated and complementary institutional system of primary distribution, redistribution, and tertiary distribution, continuously narrow income gaps, and steadily enhance residents’ consumption capacity. Deepen reforms in education, social security, and medical and health fields, expand the supply of high-quality educational resources, intensify efforts to build high-quality senior high schools, promote the high-quality development of higher education, and advance the equalization of basic public education; improve the social security system to remove residents’ worries about their future lives; promote the renovation of hospital wards and the updating of equipment, implement the project to strengthen the foundation of medical and health care, and better meet the people’s needs for medical services.

着力保障和改善民生，解决好群众急难愁盼问题。习近平总书记指出，中国式现代化，民生为大；民生无小事，枝叶总关情。我们要坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，聚焦群众急难愁盼问题，尽力而为、量力而行，不断提升民生保障水平，让发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民，让政策的温度更加可感可及。着力稳定就业，推动财政、货币等政策与就业政策同向发力，实施重点领域、重点行业城乡基层和中小微企业就业支持计划，加强灵活就业和新就业形态劳动者权益保障。完善收入分配制度，规范收入分配秩序，构建初次分配、再分配、第三次分配协调配套的制度体系，不断缩小收入差距，持续增强居民消费能力。深化教育、社保、医药卫生领域改革，扩大优质教育资源供给，加力建设优质高中，推动高等教育高质量发展，促进基本公共教育均等化；健全社会保障体系，解决居民生活后顾之忧；推动医院病房改造和设备更新，实施医疗卫生强基工程，更好满足人民群众就医需求。

Coordinate high-quality development with high-level security, and build development on a more secure and reliable foundation. General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized that enhancing vigilance and preventing risks and challenges must be pursued consistently. We must thoroughly implement the holistic approach to national security, enhance our capacity to safeguard national security, and secure a new development pattern with a new security architecture. Take multiple measures simultaneously to stabilize employment, stabilize enterprises, stabilize the market, and stabilize expectations, continuously improve the policy toolkit, deploy a “policy combination punch,” enhance the forward-looking, targeted, and effective nature of macroeconomic regulation, and use the certainty of high-quality development to respond to the uncertainty of drastic changes in the external environment. Effectively prevent and defuse risks in key areas, continuously consolidate the stable trend of the real estate market, prudently resolve local government debt risks, actively guard against risks in the financial sector, and make every effort to consolidate the fundamentals of economic development and social stability. Strengthen security building in key areas, ensure the stable production and supply of grain and important agricultural products, guarantee the safe and stable supply of energy and resources, make every effort to ensure the security of key industrial and supply chains, safeguard national data security, and firmly hold the bottom line of preventing systemic risks.

统筹高质量发展和高水平安全，把发展建立在更加安全、更为可靠的基础上。习近平总书记强调，增强忧患意识、防范风险挑战要一以贯之。我们要深入贯彻总体国家安全观，增强维护国家安全能力，以新安全格局保障新发展格局。多措并举稳就业、稳企业、稳市场、稳预期，不断完善政策工具箱，打好政策“组合拳”，提高宏观调控的前瞻性、针对性、有效性，以高质量发展的确定性应对外部环境急剧变化的不确定性。有效防范化解重点领域风险，持续巩固房地产市场稳定态势，稳妥化解地方政府债务风险，积极防范金融领域风险，全力巩固经济发展和社会稳定的基本面。加强重点领域安全建设，抓好粮食和重要农产品稳产保供，保障能源资源安全稳定供应，全力确保重要产业链供应链安全，维护国家数据安全，牢牢守住不发生系统性风险的底线。

Scientifically plan the economic and social development of the “15th Five-Year Plan” period, and ensure the coherence of short-term goals with medium- and long-term goals. [6]6 The “15th Five-Year Plan” (2026–2030) is the next five-year plan for national economic and social development, succeeding the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021–2025). General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that scientifically formulating and successively implementing five-year plans is an important experience of our Party in governing the country and a significant political advantage of socialism with Chinese characteristics. We must deeply plan the key tasks of economic and social development for the “15th Five-Year Plan” period and compile a good “15th Five-Year Plan” development plan. We must closely align with the goal of basically realizing modernization by 2035, accurately grasp the Party Central Committee’s phased requirements for the “15th Five-Year Plan” period, as well as the development requirements of new quality productive forces and the essential requirements of common prosperity, prospectively discern changes in the international situation and their profound impact on our country’s economy and society, scientifically determine development goals, and plan major strategic tasks, major reform measures, and major engineering projects, so as to better leverage the guiding and directing role of the development plan for economic and social development.

科学谋划好“十五五”经济社会发展，推动短期目标和中长期目标相贯通。习近平总书记指出，科学制定和接续实施五年规划，是我们党治国理政一条重要经验，也是中国特色社会主义一个重要政治优势。我们要深入谋划“十五五”经济社会发展重点工作，编制好“十五五”发展规划。要紧扣2035年基本实现现代化目标，准确把握党中央对“十五五”时期的阶段性要求以及新质生产力的发展要求和共同富裕的本质要求，前瞻洞察国际形势变化及其对我国经济社会的深刻影响，科学确定发展目标，谋划好重大战略任务、重大改革举措、重大工程项目，更好发挥发展规划对经济社会发展的引领指导作用。

III. Continuously Deepen Study, Constantly Enhance the Ability to Respond to Complex Situations and Promote High-Quality Development

三、持续深化学习，不断增强应对复杂形势推动高质量发展的本领

This year marks the concluding year of the “14th Five-Year Plan” and also an important year for further deepening reform comprehensively. The tasks of reform, development, and stability are arduous. [7]7 The “14th Five-Year Plan” (2021–2025) is the current five-year plan for national economic and social development. We must earnestly study the *Selected Works*, consciously guide and lead development and reform work with Xi Jinping’s economic thought, and continuously push high-quality development to new heights.

今年是“十四五”规划收官之年，也是进一步全面深化改革的重要一年，改革发展稳定任务繁重。我们要认真学习《文选》，自觉以习近平经济思想指导和引领发展改革工作，推动高质量发展不断迈上新台阶。

Learn to gain confidence and a sense of responsibility. General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that we often say that leading cadres nowadays have a problem of “capability panic,” and the most fundamental insufficiency of capability is inadequate theoretical literacy. [8]8 “Capability panic” (本领恐慌) is a term popularized by Mao Zedong, referring to the anxiety cadres feel when their skills are inadequate for new tasks. Through studying the *Selected Works*, we must truly perceive the theoretical charm and practical power of Xi Jinping’s economic thought, effectively enhance the theoretical confidence to use Xi Jinping’s economic thought to analyze situations, meet challenges, and solve difficult problems, and take the initiative to act and bravely shoulder heavy burdens on the new journey of the New Era.

学出自信担当。习近平总书记指出，我们常说现在领导干部有个“本领恐慌”问题，其中最根本的本领不足是理论素养不够。要通过学习《文选》，真切感悟习近平经济思想的理论魅力和实践伟力，切实增强用习近平经济思想分析形势、应对挑战、解决难题的理论自信，在新时代新征程上主动作为、勇挑重担。

Learn to acquire scientific methods. The articles included in the *Selected Works* centrally reflect and embody the scientific methodology contained in Xi Jinping’s economic thought. They explain not only what it is and why, but also how to view it and how to act, providing us with scientific and effective thinking methods and working methods to face difficulties and unswervingly handle our own affairs well. Through studying the *Selected Works*, we must deeply understand and grasp scientific methods for economic work, such as making progress while maintaining stability and combining goal orientation with problem orientation, and use the scientific methodology of Xi Jinping’s economic thought to guide development and reform work to continuously achieve new results.

学出科学方法。《文选》收录的文章集中体现和反映了习近平经济思想蕴含的科学方法论，既讲是什么、为什么，又讲怎么看、怎么办，为我们迎难而上、坚定不移办好自己的事提供了科学有效的思想方法和工作方法。要通过学习《文选》，深刻理解把握稳中求进、目标导向和问题导向相结合等做好经济工作的科学方法，用习近平经济思想的科学方法论指导发展改革工作不断取得新成效。

Learn to acquire the ability to apply knowledge. General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized that being adept at economic work is a very important aspect of leading cadres’ capabilities. Through studying the *Selected Works*, we must continuously improve our political quality and professional competence, achieving the ability to both “view from the macro perspective,” keeping in mind the “great affairs of the state,” being good at planning the overall situation and grasping major issues, and thinking about and advancing economic and social development work from a political height, and also “start from the micro perspective,” staying grounded and understanding reality, ensuring that the major strategies formulated and the important policies and measures introduced conform to objective laws, are truly effective and practical, and can be implemented and produce results. [9]9 “Great affairs of the state” (国之大者) is a phrase used by Xi Jinping to refer to the most fundamental and overarching concerns of the Party and the state, such as national security, development strategy, and the people’s well-being.

学出致用本领。习近平总书记强调，善于做经济工作，是领导干部能力十分紧要的方面。要通过学习《文选》，持续提高政治素质和业务能力，做到既能“宏观着眼”，胸怀“国之大者”，善于谋全局、抓大事，从讲政治的高度思考和推进经济社会发展工作，又能“微观着手”，接地气、懂实际，确保制定的重大战略、出台的重要政策措施符合客观规律、确实管用解渴、能够落地见效。

Learn to achieve practical results. Xi Jinping’s economic thought is the scientific action guide for doing our country’s economic work well in the New Era, and it has a distinct practical character. Through studying the *Selected Works*, we must comprehensively grasp the practical requirements of Xi Jinping’s economic thought, closely integrate with the overall direction, strategic deployment, and goals and tasks of economic work in the New Era, strengthen the mission and responsibility to “grasp,” temper the solid ability to “implement,” carry forward the work style of “being practical,” and effectively promote the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee to take root, blossom, and bear fruit.

学出实际效果。习近平经济思想是新时代做好我国经济工作的科学行动指南，具有鲜明的实践性。要通过学习《文选》，全面把握习近平经济思想的实践要求，紧密结合新时代经济工作的总体方向、战略部署和目标任务，强化“抓”的使命担当，锤炼“落”的过硬本领，发扬“实”的工作作风，切实推动党中央决策部署落地生根、开花结果。

(Author: Secretary of the Party Leadership Group and Director of the National Development and Reform Commission, Chairman of the Council of the Research Center for Xi Jinping’s Economic Thought)

（作者：国家发展和改革委员会党组书记、主任，习近平经济思想研究中心理事会理事长）

Online Editor: Tongxin

网络编辑：同心