A Brilliant Work Leading the Great Cause of Building a Strong Country and the New Journey of National Rejuvenation

Volume V of *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China* systematically summarizes the important experiences of our Party in advancing theoretical innovation on the basis of practice, continuously deepens the understanding of the laws governing the Party’s theoretical innovation, opens up a new realm of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, and provides ideological guidance for comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷系统总结我们党推进实践基础上的理论创新的重要经验，不断深化了对党的理论创新的规律性认识，开辟了马克思主义中国化时代化新境界，为全面推进强国建设、民族复兴提供了思想遵循。

Upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. Doctrine concerns the banner and the direction. What kind of doctrine a country chooses, and what kind of doctrine a country implements, depends crucially on whether that doctrine can solve the historic tasks facing that country. History shows that only socialism can save China, and only socialism with Chinese characteristics can develop China. Socialism with Chinese characteristics is the broad road for China to catch up with and lead the times, and it is the only way to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Volume V of *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China* records our Party’s systematic exploration of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics on the basis of adhering to the fundamental principles of scientific socialism and integrating them with China’s actual conditions, deepening the understanding of the laws governing socialist construction. These understandings include: in terms of guiding ideology, emphasizing that “the fundamental reason why the Communist Party of China was able to succeed and why socialism with Chinese characteristics was able to work was that Marxism worked”; in terms of leadership, emphasizing that “the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the leadership of the Communist Party of China,” and “upholding the Party’s overall leadership is the only way to uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics”; in terms of fundamental stance, putting forward the worldview and methodology of “must adhere to the people-centered approach”; in terms of the goal of struggle, emphasizing “promoting the well-rounded development of people and common prosperity for all”; in terms of the material foundation, “we must firmly grasp high-quality development as the primary task,” and “improve the institutions and mechanisms for developing new quality productive forces in light of local conditions”; in terms of the economic system, emphasizing the necessity of upholding and improving the basic socialist economic system, “unswervingly consolidating and developing the public sector of the economy, and unswervingly encouraging, supporting, and guiding the development of the non-public sector of the economy”; in terms of the political system, emphasizing that “whole-process people’s democracy is the essential attribute of socialist democratic politics, and is the most extensive, most genuine, and most effective form of democracy”; in terms of historical foundation, emphasizing that the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics “was forged under the guidance of Marxism, and also emerged from more than 5,000 years of Chinese civilization.” These important discussions strengthen confidence in the path, confidence in the theory, confidence in the system, and confidence in the culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and hold high the banner of scientific socialism in the East of the world.

坚持和发展中国特色社会主义。主义关乎旗帜和方向。一个国家选择什么样的主义，一个国家实行什么样的主义，关键要看这个主义能否解决这个国家面临的历史性课题。历史表明，只有社会主义才能救中国，只有中国特色社会主义才能发展中国。中国特色社会主义是中国追赶引领时代的康庄大道，是实现中华民族伟大复兴的必由之路。《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷记录了我们党坚持科学社会主义基本原则同中国实际相结合，在守正创新基础上坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的系统探索，深化对社会主义建设规律的认识。这些认识包括：在指导思想上，强调“中国共产党为什么能，中国特色社会主义为什么好，归根到底是马克思主义行”；在领导力量上，强调“中国特色社会主义最本质的特征是中国共产党领导”，“坚持党的全面领导是坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的必由之路”；在根本立场上，提出“必须坚持人民至上”的世界观和方法论；在奋斗目标上，强调“促进人的全面发展、全体人民共同富裕”；在物质基础上，“要紧紧抓住高质量发展这个首要任务”，“健全因地制宜发展新质生产力体制机制”；在经济制度上，强调必须坚持和完善社会主义基本经济制度，“毫不动摇巩固和发展公有制经济，毫不动摇鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展”；在政治制度上，强调“全过程人民民主是社会主义民主政治的本质属性，是最广泛、最真实、最管用的民主”；在历史底蕴上，强调中国特色社会主义道路“是在马克思主义指导下走出来的，也是从五千多年中华文明史中走出来的”。这些重要论述，坚定了中国特色社会主义的道路自信、理论自信、制度自信、文化自信，在世界的东方高高举起了科学社会主义的旗帜。

Creating a new situation for Chinese-path modernization. The history of the Communist Party of China over more than a century is both a history of struggle to unite and lead the Chinese people in pursuing national rejuvenation and a history of unremitting exploration of the path to modernization. Volume V of *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China* connects with Volumes I to IV of *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China*, comprehensively and systematically demonstrating the practical breakthroughs, theoretical achievements, and global significance of our Party’s advancement of Chinese-path modernization since the 20th National Congress of the CPC. In terms of practical achievements, our Party has focused on unremitting struggle to meet the people’s needs for a better life, decisively won the battle against poverty, achieved the first centenary goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects on schedule, and embarked on a new journey of comprehensively building a modern socialist country and realizing the second centenary goal. Since the 20th National Congress of the CPC, our Party, focusing on the historic mission of the new era and new journey, has taken further comprehensive deepening of reform and opening up as the fundamental driving force, and expanding high-standard opening up as an important path, advancing modernization within the framework of coordinated implementation of the Five-Sphere Integrated Plan and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy. In terms of theory, our Party has put forward major iconic concepts such as “Chinese-path modernization” and “a new path of Chinese-path modernization,” and since the 20th National Congress of the CPC, has further deepened the understanding of the connotation and essence of Chinese-path modernization, summarizing and refining its Chinese characteristics, essential requirements, and major principles, thus initially forming a theoretical system of Chinese-path modernization. In terms of global significance, Chinese-path modernization adheres to both basing itself on its own national conditions and drawing on the experiences of other countries, both inheriting historical culture and integrating modern civilization. With its successful practice and broad prospects, it powerfully answers the global question of modernization: “What kind of modernization do we actually need? How can modernization be achieved?” It has broadened the path to modernization for humanity, especially for developing countries, and provides experience for those countries that want to achieve modernization but have not yet done so. Because it contains a profound dialectic of the “universal-particular” relationship, Chinese-path modernization has become a modernization plan that benefits both the Chinese people and promotes common development in the world, and it is the only way for China to seek human progress and global harmony.

开创中国式现代化新局面。中国共产党百余年奋斗的历史，既是团结带领中国人民追求民族复兴的奋斗史，也是不懈追求现代化道路的探索史。《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷贯通《习近平谈治国理政》第一至第四卷，全面系统展示了党的二十大以来我们党推进中国式现代化的实践突破、理论成就和世界意义。从实践成就看，我们党着眼于人民对美好生活的需要而不懈奋斗，决胜全面脱贫攻坚，如期全面建成小康社会、实现了第一个百年奋斗目标，开启了全面建设社会主义现代化国家、实现第二个百年奋斗目标的新征程。党的二十大以来，我们党着眼新时代新征程的历史使命，把进一步全面深化改革作为根本动力、把扩大高水平对外开放作为重要路径，在统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局、协调推进“四个全面”战略布局框架下推进现代化建设。从理论上看，我们党提出了“中国式现代化”“中国式现代化新道路”重大标识性概念，并在党的二十大以来进一步深化对中国式现代化的内涵和本质的认识，概括提炼出中国式现代化的中国特色、本质要求和重大原则等，初步形成了中国式现代化的理论体系。从世界意义上看，中国式现代化坚持既基于自身国情又借鉴各国经验、既传承历史文化又融合现代文明，以其成功的实践和壮阔的前景有力地回答了“我们究竟需要什么样的现代化？怎样才能实现现代化？”这一现代化的世界之问，拓宽了人类特别是发展中国家通往现代化的道路，为那些想要实现现代化而尚未实现现代化的国家提供了经验借鉴。由于蕴含深刻的“普遍—特殊”关系辩证法，中国式现代化成为既造福中国人民又促进世界共同发展的现代化方案，是中国谋求人类进步、世界大同的必由之路。

Promoting high-quality development. Volume V of *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China* further clarifies the strategic significance of high-quality development from the height of fulfilling the essential requirements of Chinese-path modernization, with “high-quality development” becoming a prominent high-frequency term. In promoting high-quality economic development, it emphasizes taking the new development philosophy as the ideological guide, constructing the new development pattern as the strategic layout, economic system reform as the institutional support, the development of education, science and technology, and human resources as the internal driving force, developing new quality productive forces as the key focus, and coordinating high-quality development with high-level development as an important principle. It particularly emphasizes high-quality development in areas such as science and technology, industry, regions, finance, and the private economy, forming a systematic layout for high-quality economic development. At the same time, it emphasizes that promoting high-quality development involves not only the economic sphere but also using high-quality economic development to drive high-quality development in all spheres.

推动高质量发展。《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷从落实中国式现代化的本质要求高度进一步明确高质量发展的战略意义，“高质量发展”成为引人注目的高频词。在推动经济高质量发展方面，强调以新发展理念为思想指引，以构建新发展格局为战略布局，以经济体制改革为制度支撑，以教育科技人才事业发展为内在动力，以发展新质生产力为重要着力点，以统筹高质量发展和高水平发展为重要原则等，并特别强调了科技、产业、区域以及金融、民营经济等领域的高质量发展，形成了经济高质量发展的系统布局。同时，强调推动高质量发展不仅涉及经济领域，而且要以经济高质量发展牵引各个领域的高质量发展。

Inheriting and developing Chinese civilization, creating a new form of human civilization. Chinese civilization is long-standing, profound, and extensive, serving as the unique spiritual symbol of the Chinese nation, the civilizational foundation of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and the source of theoretical innovation for Chinese Communists. Volume V of *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China* takes creating a new form of human civilization as an essential requirement of Chinese-path modernization, and particularly emphasizes using the truth power of Marxism to activate the excellent elements of Chinese culture, reflecting the organic integration of the ideological soul and the cultural lineage, and of traditional culture and modern civilization. In October 2023, the National Conference on Propaganda, Ideology, and Cultural Work proposed “Xi Jinping Thought on Culture.” The important articles selected in this volume, concerning deepening the systematic and scholarly interpretation of the Party’s innovative theory, profoundly grasping the outstanding characteristics of Chinese civilization, deeply understanding the great significance of the Two Integrations, strengthening cultural confidence, and building a strong cultural country, are both inherent requirements for developing socialist culture with Chinese characteristics in the new era and major propositions of Xi Jinping Thought on Culture. As the cultural chapter of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, Xi Jinping Thought on Culture upholds and develops Marxist cultural theory, highlights the essence of Chinese culture and the Chinese spirit of the times, serves as a powerful ideological guide for promoting the flourishing of socialist culture and building a strong socialist cultural country, and is also an action guide for inheriting and developing excellent traditional Chinese culture and constructing a new form of human civilization.

传承和发展中华文明，创造人类文明新形态。中华文明源远流长、博大精深，是中华民族独特的精神标识，是中国特色社会主义的文明根基，是中国共产党人理论创新的源头活水。《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷把创造人类文明新形态作为中国式现代化的本质要求，并特别强调用马克思主义的真理力量激活中华文化的优秀因子，体现了思想魂脉与文化血脉、传统文化与现代文明的有机融合。2023年10月，全国宣传思想文化工作会议提出了“习近平文化思想”。本卷所选取有关深化党的创新理论体系化学理化阐释、深刻把握中华文明突出特性、深刻理解“两个结合”重大意义、坚定文化自信以及建设文化强国等重要篇目，既是发展新时代中国特色社会主义文化的内在要求，也是习近平文化思想的重大命题。作为习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的文化篇，习近平文化思想坚持和发展马克思主义文化理论，彰显了中华文化和中国精神的时代精华，是推动社会主义文化繁荣、建设社会主义文化强国的强大思想引领，也是传承和发展中华优秀传统文化、构建人类文明新形态的行动指南。

Promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. The Communist Party of China is committed to both the long-term cause of the Chinese nation and the noble cause of human peace and development. It is a party that seeks happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation, and also a party that strives for the progress of humanity and harmony for the world. Facing the complex situation of changes unseen in a century and turbulent transformations interwoven in today's world, our Party deeply grasps the laws of human social development and the general trend of the times, adheres to the worldview and methodology of maintaining a global vision, insists on integrating national sentiment with humanistic concern, always stands firmly on the right side of history and on the side of human civilization and progress, seeks its own development while firmly safeguarding world peace and development, and in turn better safeguards world peace and development through its own development. Promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind is our proactive response to changes in the world, the times, and history, deepening the understanding of the laws of human social development, and scientifically answering the Chinese solution to what kind of world to build and how to build it. It conforms to the common aspirations of people of all countries and points the direction for the progress of world civilization. The building of a community with a shared future for mankind is comprehensively presented in *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China* Volume IV, and it demonstrates the characteristic of being driven by both theoretical refinement and strategic practice. In December 2023, at the Central Conference on Work Relating to Foreign Affairs, General Secretary Xi Jinping provided a comprehensive and in-depth definition of the concept of "a community with a shared future for mankind." Building a community with a shared future for mankind takes as its goal the construction of a world of lasting peace, universal security, common prosperity, openness and inclusiveness, and clean and beautiful; takes the promotion of global governance based on extensive consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits as its implementation path; takes the practice of the common values of all humanity as its universal guide; takes the promotion of a new type of international relations as its basic support; takes the implementation of the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative as its strategic guidance; takes the high-quality construction of the Belt and Road Initiative as its practical platform; and drives all countries to jointly meet challenges and achieve common prosperity, pushing the world towards a bright future of peace, security, prosperity, and progress. This definition is a theoretical refinement of the historical logic, experiential wisdom, and value pursuit of our Party's efforts to promote world peace and human development since the New Era. The practical requirements it contains provide ideological guidance for us to follow the Chinese-path modernization of peaceful development and to jointly promote modernization hand in hand with countries around the world.

推动构建人类命运共同体。中国共产党既立志于中华民族千秋伟业，也致力于人类和平与发展崇高事业，是为中国人民谋幸福、为中华民族谋复兴的党，也是为人类谋进步、为世界谋大同的党。面对当今世界百年未有之大变局和动荡变革相互交织的复杂局势，我们党深刻把握人类社会发展规律和时代发展大势，坚持胸怀天下的世界观和方法论，坚持家国情怀和人类关怀相融通，始终坚定站在历史正确的一边、站在人类文明进步的一边，在坚定维护世界和平与发展中谋求自身发展，又以自身发展更好维护世界和平与发展。推动构建人类命运共同体，是我们积极应对世界之变、时代之变、历史之变，深化对人类社会发展规律的认识，科学回答建设一个什么样的世界、怎样建设这个世界的中国方案，顺应了各国人民的普遍愿望，指明了世界文明进步的方向。构建人类命运共同体在《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷获得了全面呈现，并体现出理论提炼和战略实践双向推动的特点。2023年12月，习近平总书记在中央外事工作会议对“人类命运共同体”的概念进行了全面深入的界定。构建人类命运共同体，是以建设持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁荣、开放包容、清洁美丽的世界为努力目标，以推动共商共建共享的全球治理为实现路径，以践行全人类共同价值为普遍遵循，以推动构建新型国际关系为基本支撑，以落实全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议为战略引领，以高质量共建“一带一路”为实践平台，推动各国携手应对挑战、实现共同繁荣，推动世界走向和平、安全、繁荣、进步的光明前景。这一界定是对新时代以来我们党推进世界和平与人类发展事业的历史逻辑、经验智慧和价值追寻的理论提炼，其蕴含的实践要求，为我们走好和平发展的中国式现代化道路和携手世界各国共同推进现代化提供了思想指引。

Upholding the overall leadership of the Party. Focusing on the epochal question of what kind of long-term Marxist ruling party to build in the New Era and how to build it, and keeping in view the fundamental question of what the Communist Party of China is and what it is to do, General Secretary Xi Jinping has put forward a series of new concepts, new ideas, and new strategies, deeply advanced the great new project of Party building in the New Era, led social revolution through the Party's self-revolution, brought about unprecedented changes in the face of the Party, the country, and society, and led the cause of the Party and the people to historic and pioneering achievements, producing comprehensive and profound impacts. *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China* Volume IV, like previous volumes, consistently runs the principles of upholding the overall leadership of the Party and comprehensive and strict governance of the Party through all tasks of governing the Party, the state, and the military, domestic and foreign affairs, national defense, reform, stability, and development, profoundly reflecting the comprehensiveness, systematicness, and integrity of "Party governance" and "governing the Party." In terms of upholding the overall leadership of the Party, it clarifies that the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the greatest strength of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics is the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the Communist Party of China is the highest political leadership force, the highest political principle of centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee must be upheld, and the leadership system of the Party must be taken as the fundamental leadership system of the state and continuously improved. In terms of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, it emphasizes the need to maintain sobriety and firmness in solving the unique problems of a large party, further improve the system for comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, deeply advance the Party's self-revolution, and promote the great project of Party building in the New Era to develop in depth. In terms of leading social revolution through the Party's self-revolution, it emphasizes that the Party's leadership directly concerns the fundamental direction, future and destiny, and ultimate success or failure of Chinese-path modernization, and that the Party's leadership is the fundamental guarantee for further comprehensively deepening reform and advancing Chinese-path modernization, among other things. These important discussions deepen the understanding of the laws governing the Communist Party's governance and provide a fundamental guarantee for the Party to lead the people in creating great historical achievements.

坚持党的全面领导。习近平总书记围绕新时代建设什么样的长期执政的马克思主义政党、怎样建设长期执政的马克思主义政党这一时代课题，着眼中国共产党是什么、要干什么这个根本问题，提出一系列新理念新思想新战略，深入推进新时代党的建设新的伟大工程，以党的自我革命引领社会革命，使党的面貌、国家的面貌、社会的面貌发生前所未有的变化，引领党和人民的事业取得历史性、开创性成就，产生全方位、深层次影响。《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷和以往各卷一样，始终把坚持党的全面领导和全面从严治党贯穿到治党治国治军、内政外交国防、改革发展稳定各项工作之中，深刻体现了“党治”和“治党”的全面性、系统性、整体性。在坚持党的全面领导方面，明确中国特色社会主义最本质的特征是中国共产党领导，中国特色社会主义制度的最大优势是中国共产党领导，中国共产党是最高政治领导力量，必须坚持党中央集中统一领导这一最高政治原则，必须坚持把党的领导制度作为国家的根本领导制度并不断完善。在全面从严治党方面，强调必须保持解决大党独有难题的清醒和坚定，进一步健全全面从严治党体系，深入推进党的自我革命，推进新时代党的建设伟大工程向纵深发展。在党的自我革命引领社会革命方面，强调党的领导直接关系中国式现代化的根本方向、前途命运、最终成败，党的领导是进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的根本保证，等等。这些重要论述深化了对共产党执政规律的认识，为党领导人民创造历史伟业提供了根本保证。

Studying *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China* Volume IV requires adhering to the original texts and principles, comprehending the original meanings and doctrines, and deepening the understanding of the path of China, the governance of China, and the rationale of China; it requires deeply grasping the internal relationships among its iconic concepts, scientific judgments, logical structures, and original theories, promoting the systematic construction and theoretical elucidation of the Party's innovative theories; it requires adhering to the unity of the laws of theoretical innovation and the laws of theoretical arming, transforming the latest achievements of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times into a powerful ideological weapon for the broad masses of cadres and the people to master historical initiative, and gathering immense strength for comprehensively advancing the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization.

学习《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷，必须坚持立足原著原文、领悟原理原义，深化对中国之路、中国之治、中国之理的理解；必须深入掌握其标识性概念、科学性判断、逻辑性结构和原创性理论的内在关系，推动党的创新理论的体系化建构和学理化阐释；必须坚持理论创新规律和理论武装规律相统一，把马克思主义中国化时代化的最新成果转化为广大干部群众掌握历史主动的强大思想武器，为以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴凝聚磅礴力量。

(The author is a researcher at the Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and the Research Center for the Theoretical System of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics at Peking University)

（作者系北京大学习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心研究员、中国特色社会主义理论体系研究中心研究员）

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