Fully Grasping the Core Essence of *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China* Volume V

Since the 20th National Congress of the CPC, Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era has deepened the understanding of the laws governing the Party’s innovative theory, opened up a new realm in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, and embarked on a new journey of comprehensively advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization. The publication of *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China* Volume V is of great significance for us to deeply grasp the Party’s innovative theory, to profoundly understand the Party’s historical mission on the new journey, and to thoroughly implement a series of new ideas, new viewpoints, and new judgments by General Secretary Xi Jinping. We must, in conjunction with the latest theoretical and practical achievements since the 20th National Congress of the CPC, promptly follow up and deeply comprehend the original theories and principled contributions contained therein.

党的二十大以来，习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想深化了对党的创新理论的规律性认识，开辟了马克思主义中国化时代化新境界，开启了以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴的新征程。《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷的出版对我们深刻把握党的创新理论，深刻理解新征程上党的历史使命，深入贯彻习近平总书记一系列新思想新观点新论断具有重大意义。我们必须结合党的二十大以来的最新理论成果和实践成果，及时跟进、深刻领悟其中的原创性理论和原理性贡献。

To thoroughly study and understand *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China* Volume V, we must more deeply grasp the “greatest politics of the New Era,” which is to comprehensively advance the building of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation through Chinese-path modernization. The three concepts of Marxism adapted to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, socialism with Chinese characteristics, and Chinese-path modernization, all imbued with the spirit of dialectical materialism, embody the combination and unity of understanding laws and concrete practice, of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground with confidence and self-reliance, and of seeking truth from facts and emancipating the mind. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, our Party has deepened its understanding, established Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, achieved a new leap in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, and provided fundamental guidance for Chinese-path modernization. Therefore, Chinese-path modernization is fundamentally a socialist modernization led by the Communist Party of China, with the people always as its main body. To embark on the broad path of modernization in a developing country with a super-large population, and to achieve modernization that features common prosperity for all, material and cultural-ethical progress in harmony, harmony between humanity and nature, and peaceful development, it is necessary to deeply recognize that advancing Chinese-path modernization is a systematic project requiring overall consideration, systematic planning, and holistic advancement. It is necessary to properly handle multiple complex relationships, such as top-level design and practical exploration, strategy and tactics, upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, efficiency and fairness, vitality and order, self-reliance and opening up to the outside world. It is necessary to further comprehensively deepen reform and expand high-standard opening up. The theory of Chinese-path modernization contains a series of new ideas, new viewpoints, and new judgments, such as developing new quality productive forces in accordance with local conditions, promoting the integrated development of education, science and technology, and talent, vigorously developing whole-process people’s democracy, consolidating the Party’s cultural leadership and elevating the cultural subjectivity of the Chinese nation, and the concept of community exemplified by promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. These all demonstrate the theoretical vitality and practical power of original ideas and original contributions.

学懂弄通《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷，就要更加深刻把握以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业这个“新时代最大的政治”。中国化时代化的马克思主义、中国特色社会主义、中国式现代化，这三个充满唯物辩证法精神的概念体现出规律性认识与具体性实践、守正创新与自信自立、实事求是与解放思想之间的结合与统一。党的十八大以来，我们党在认识上不断深化，创立了习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想，实现了马克思主义中国化时代化新的飞跃，为中国式现代化提供了根本遵循。因此，中国式现代化，根本上是中国共产党领导的社会主义现代化，人民始终是中国式现代化的主体。要在超大规模人口的发展中国家走上现代化的康庄大道，实现全体人民共同富裕、物质文明和精神文明相协调、人与自然和谐共生、走和平发展道路的现代化，就必须深刻认识推进中国式现代化是一个系统工程，需要统筹兼顾、系统谋划、整体推进，必须处理好顶层设计与实践探索、战略和策略、守正与创新、效率与公平、活力与秩序、自立自强与对外开放等多重复杂关系，必须进一步全面深化改革，扩大高水平对外开放。中国式现代化理论包含一系列新思想新观点新论断，例如因地制宜发展新质生产力、一体推进教育科技人才事业发展、大力发展全过程人民民主、巩固党的文化领导权和高扬中华民族的文化主体性、以推动共建人类命运共同体为典范的共同体理念等，都体现出原创性思想和原创性贡献的理论生命力和实践伟力。

To thoroughly study and understand *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China* Volume V, we must more deeply grasp that reform and opening up is “the most distinctive feature of contemporary China” and continue to write a magnificent chapter of further comprehensively deepening reform in the New Era. Reform and opening up is a new great revolution led by our Party with the people under the new historical conditions. It is a crucial move that determines the fate of contemporary China and also a crucial move that determines the success or failure of Chinese-path modernization. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the comprehensive deepening of reform in the New Era has written one of the most magnificent chapters in the historical process of China’s reform and opening up, providing a powerful driving force and institutional guarantee for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and continuing the “two miracles” [1]1 “Two miracles” refers to the twin achievements of rapid economic development and long-term social stability., injecting an inexhaustible source of momentum into Chinese-path modernization, and also providing a solid foundation and valuable experience for further comprehensively deepening reform on the new journey. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC sounded the clarion call for further comprehensively deepening reform, closely focusing on the theme of Chinese-path modernization, anchoring the goal of basically realizing socialist modernization by 2035, and focusing on deploying major reform measures for the next five years. It emphasizes leveraging the leading role of economic system reform to build institutional mechanisms that support comprehensive innovation; emphasizes comprehensive reform, coordinating the deployment of economic system reform and reforms in other fields, and coordinating development and security; emphasizes strengthening the Party’s leadership over reform, promoting deep-level reform and high-quality development through high-standard opening up, building a new system for a higher-standard open economy, and providing a fundamental guarantee for further comprehensively deepening reform and advancing Chinese-path modernization.

学懂弄通《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷，就要更加深刻把握改革开放是“当代中国最显著的特征”，续写新时代进一步全面深化改革的壮丽篇章。改革开放是我们党在新的时代条件下带领人民进行的新的伟大革命，是决定当代中国命运的关键一招，也是决定中国式现代化成败的关键一招。党的十八大以来，新时代全面深化改革书写了我国改革开放历史进程中最壮丽的篇章之一，为全面建成小康社会、续写“两大奇迹”提供了强大动力和制度保障，为中国式现代化注入不竭动力源泉，也为新征程上进一步全面深化改革提供了坚实基础和宝贵经验。党的二十届三中全会吹响了进一步全面深化改革的号角，紧紧围绕中国式现代化这个主题，锚定2035年基本实现社会主义现代化目标，重点部署未来五年的重大改革举措。注重发挥经济体制改革的牵引作用，构建支持全面创新的体制机制；注重全面改革，统筹部署经济体制改革和其他各领域改革，统筹发展和安全；注重加强党对改革的领导，以高水平对外开放促进深层次改革和高质量发展，建设更高水平开放型经济新体制，为进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化提供根本保证。

To thoroughly study and understand *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China* Volume V, we must more deeply grasp that the “Two Integrations” are the “greatest magic weapon” for our success. The experience of the Communist Party of China over more than a century of struggle shows that adhering to the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with the fine traditional Chinese culture is the fundamental path for adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is the latest theoretical achievement of adhering to the “Two Integrations” and advancing the adaptation of Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. It is the essence of Chinese culture and the spirit of the Chinese era, achieving a new leap in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. The creation, enrichment, and development of this thought is the most powerful manifestation of the scientific truth of Marxism and the most powerful manifestation of our cultural subjectivity. It is precisely under the guidance of the “Two Integrations” that we have successfully opened up and developed socialism with Chinese characteristics, and advanced and expanded Chinese-path modernization, the broad path to building a strong country and national rejuvenation. It is precisely under the guidance of the “Two Integrations,” especially the “Second Integration,” that Xi Jinping Thought on Culture has been formed, opening up a new realm in the construction of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics. It is precisely in the great practice of advancing the “Two Integrations” that Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era upholds the true spirit of “establishing roots and forging the soul, upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground,” demonstrating the new path of the “Two Integrations” in continuously adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. “Establishing roots and forging the soul” emphasizes that to adapt Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, we must unswervingly uphold Marxism as the foundation of the Party and the country, and unwaveringly continue to develop Marxism by rooting it in the historical and cultural soil of our country and nation. “Upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground” is an important ideological method for our Party in governing the country in the New Era. Adhering to upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground requires both a strong resolve to keep the path unchanged and the will unswerving, and the courage and boldness to innovate and tackle difficulties. For ideological construction, upholding fundamental principles ensures that we do not lose our direction or commit subversive mistakes, while breaking new ground enables us to grasp the times and lead the times. “Establishing roots and forging the soul, upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground” highlights the importance of the “Two Integrations” as the fundamental requirement for advancing the Party’s theoretical and practical innovation.

学懂弄通《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷，就要更加深刻把握“两个结合”是我们取得成功的“最大法宝”。中国共产党的百余年奋斗经验表明，坚持把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合、同中华优秀传统文化相结合，是推进马克思主义中国化时代化的根本途径。习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想是坚持“两个结合”、推进马克思主义中国化时代化的最新理论成果，是中华文化和中国精神的时代精华，实现了马克思主义中国化时代化新的飞跃。这一思想的创立、丰富和发展，是马克思主义科学真理性的最有力体现，也是我们文化主体性的最有力体现。正是在“两个结合”的指引下，我们成功开辟和发展了中国特色社会主义，推进和拓展了中国式现代化这一强国建设、民族复兴的康庄大道。正是在“两个结合”特别是“第二个结合”的指引下，形成了习近平文化思想，开辟了中国特色社会主义文化建设新境界。正是在推进“两个结合”的伟大实践中，习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想秉持“立根铸魂、守正创新”的真精神，彰显了“两个结合”不断推进马克思主义中国化时代化的新途径。“立根铸魂”强调的是，推进马克思主义中国化时代化，必须坚持马克思主义这个立党立国、兴党兴国之本不动摇，坚持植根本国、本民族历史文化沃土发展马克思主义不停步。“守正创新”是我们党在新时代治国理政的重要思想方法，坚持守正创新既要有道不变、志不改的强大定力，又要有敢创新、勇攻坚的锐气胆魄。对思想建设来说，守正才能不迷失方向、不犯颠覆性错误，创新才能把握时代、引领时代。“立根铸魂、守正创新”彰显出“两个结合”作为推进党的理论创新和实践创新的根本要求的重要意义。

To thoroughly study and understand the fifth volume of *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China*, it is necessary to further bring into play the "greatest advantage" constituted by the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and the support and endorsement of the broad masses of the people. The leadership of the Communist Party of China is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics; the CPC is the highest political leadership force in the country, always representing the fundamental interests of the broadest majority of the Chinese people, and is the fundamental guarantee for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Therefore, we must uphold the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee; this is a major principle of Party building for a mature Marxist political party, and it is also the fundamental guarantee for improving the system of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party and for advancing the great new project of Party building in the New Era in depth. Institutions are fundamental, overarching, stable, and long-term issues concerning the development of the Party and the country's cause. The system of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the fundamental institutional guarantee for contemporary China's development and progress; it is an advanced system with distinct Chinese characteristics, clear institutional advantages, and a strong capacity for self-improvement. We must continue to improve and develop the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and by 2035, fully establish a high-level socialist market economy system, further improve the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, basically realize the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, and basically achieve socialist modernization, laying a solid foundation for fully building a modern socialist country by the middle of this century. Our Party has always adhered to the principle of putting the people first, emphasizing that in fully building a modern socialist country, the people are the decisive force. The people's support or opposition is related to the life or death of the Party and determines the success or failure of the Party's and the people's cause. Our Party has deeply advanced its self-revolution, actively developed whole-process people's democracy, implemented the people-centered development philosophy, ensured that the fruits of modernization benefit all the people more and more fairly, and continuously achieved more obvious substantive progress in promoting common prosperity for all the people, thereby winning the hearts and minds of the people and gaining the support and endorsement of the broad masses. Facts have proven that the organic unity of Party leadership, institutional advantages, and popular support is the greatest advantage for building a strong country and achieving national rejuvenation.

学懂弄通《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷，就要进一步发挥中国共产党领导、中国特色社会主义制度、广大人民群众的拥护和支持这个“最大的优势”。中国共产党领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征，中国共产党是国家最高政治领导力量，始终代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是实现中华民族伟大复兴的根本保证。因此，我们必须维护党中央集中统一领导，这是成熟的马克思主义政党的重大建党原则，也是健全全面从严治党体系，推动新时代党的建设新的伟大工程向纵深发展的根本保证。制度是关系党和国家事业发展的根本性、全局性、稳定性、长期性问题。中国特色社会主义制度是当代中国发展进步的根本制度保障，是具有鲜明中国特色、明显制度优势、强大自我完善能力的先进制度。我们必须继续完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度，到2035年，全面建成高水平社会主义市场经济体制，中国特色社会主义制度更加完善，基本实现国家治理体系和治理能力现代化，基本实现社会主义现代化，为到本世纪中叶全面建成社会主义现代化强国奠定坚实基础。我们党始终坚守人民至上理念，强调全面建成社会主义现代化强国，人民是决定性力量。人心向背关系党的生死存亡，决定党和人民事业成败。我们党深入推进党的自我革命，积极发展全过程人民民主，贯彻以人民为中心的发展思想，让现代化建设成果更多更公平惠及全体人民，在推进全体人民共同富裕上不断取得更为明显的实质性进展，赢得了民心人心，赢得了广大人民群众的拥护和支持。事实证明，党的领导、制度优势和人民拥护的有机统一是强国建设、民族复兴的最大优势。

To thoroughly study and understand the fifth volume of *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China*, it is necessary to focus

学懂弄通《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷，就要着力推进党的创新理论体系化学理化的研究和阐释。理论的体系化学理化是理论创新的内在要求和重要途径。习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的创立和发展本身就是不断丰富拓展、不断与时俱进、不断体系化学理化的过程，并在这一发展进程中形成了完整体系。在这一体系中，党的二十大报告概括总结的“十个明确”“十四个坚持”“十三个方面成就”构成了主要内容，“两个结合”成为理论创新的根本途径和科学方法，“六个必须坚持”构成了习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的世界观和方法论的总体要求和哲学基础。体系化和学理化是不可分割的总体要求。体系化的方向是体系完备、逻辑严密、内容全面、方法科学的“一块整钢”和“艺术的整体”，要避免被片段化地寻章摘句、庸俗化地断章取义。学理化的方向是丰富和发展马克思主义的科学理论、开辟马克思主义中国化时代化的新境界，是不断发挥推进和指导中国式现代化、实现强国建设和民族复兴目标的思想指南作用，是在“两个结合”根本要求的指导下兼容并蓄、博采众长，取精用弘、含英咀华，构建理论大格局大气象。二者彼此支撑、相互推进，共同构成了我们学习好贯彻好《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷、研究好和阐释好习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的基本要求。

(The author is a professor in the Department of Philosophy Teaching and Research at the Party School of the Central Committee of the CPC (National Academy of Governance).)

（作者系中共中央党校（国家行政学院）哲学教研部教授）

Online editor: Tongxin

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