Deeply Grasping the Practical Logic of Promoting Common Prosperity for the World

The fifth volume of *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China* contains 91 important articles by General Secretary Xi Jinping from May 2022 to December 2024, organized into 18 thematic sections. Taking “Chinese-path modernization” as its core thread, it not only delineates the grand blueprint for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation but also embodies a profound practical logic for promoting common prosperity for the world. Deeply grasping this logic is essential for understanding China’s development path and its global significance.

《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷收录了2022年5月至2024年12月习近平总书记的91篇重要文献，分为18个专题，以“中国式现代化”为核心主线，不仅擘画了中华民族伟大复兴的宏伟蓝图，更蕴含着推动世界共同繁荣的深刻实践逻辑。深刻把握这一逻辑，对于理解中国的发展道路及其世界意义至关重要。

Logical Starting Point: Reshaping a New Form of Human Civilization, Forging a Torch of Spiritual Co-Prosperity through Mutual Learning among Civilizations

逻辑起点：重塑人类文明新形态，以文明互鉴熔铸精神共荣之炬

General Secretary Xi Jinping points out: “The era we are in is one full of challenges, but it is also one full of hope.” [1]1 Xi Jinping, “Working Together to Build a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind,” speech at the United Nations Office at Geneva, January 18, 2017. In this historical context, the practice of Chinese-path modernization is reconstructing the narrative logic of civilization. By establishing mechanisms for dialogue among civilizations, cultivating the soil for mutual learning among civilizations, and setting value coordinates for the common good of all, it promotes the coexistence and co-prosperity of different civilizations through equal dialogue.

习近平总书记指出：“我们所处的是一个充满挑战的时代，也是一个充满希望的时代。”在这一历史方位下，中国式现代化实践正在重构文明叙事逻辑，通过构建文明对话机制、培育文明互鉴土壤、树立美美与共价值坐标，推动不同文明在平等对话中实现共生共荣。

First, establish mechanisms for dialogue among civilizations and build platforms for exchange among diverse civilizations. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, China has consistently used institutional arrangements to break down civilizational barriers and promote mutual understanding among civilizations through dialogue. From the Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations to the CPC in Dialogue with World Political Parties High-Level Meeting, China has always adopted an open posture to build an institutional framework for global mutual learning among civilizations. As of 2024, China has signed cultural cooperation agreements with over 140 countries and regions and conducted in-depth discussions with more than 600 political parties and political organizations on topics such as “building a community with a shared future for mankind” and “building a better world,” breaking out of the Western-dominated “clash of civilizations” mold and elevating civilizational exchange from sporadic activities to systematic practice.

第一，构建文明对话机制，搭建多元文明交流平台。党的十八大以来，中国始终以制度性安排打破文明隔阂，推动不同文明在对话中增进理解。从亚洲文明对话大会到中国共产党与世界政党高层对话会，中国始终以开放姿态搭建全球文明互鉴的制度性框架。截至2024年，中国已与140多个国家和地区签订文化合作协定，与600多个政党和政治组织就“构建人类命运共同体”“建设美好世界”等议题深度研讨，突破了西方主导的“文明冲突论”窠臼，使文明交流从零散活动升维为系统性实践。

Second, cultivate the soil for mutual learning among civilizations and strengthen the foundation of people-to-people bonds. China focuses on nurturing fertile ground for the integration of civilizations through people-to-people ties, allowing different civilizations to naturally coexist through non-governmental exchanges. In the field of cultural heritage protection, China has extensive cooperation with many countries in archaeology, sending expert teams to India, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and other countries to excavate Silk Road sites. The Dunhuang Academy has used digital technology to provide technical support for the restoration of the Bamiyan Buddhas in Afghanistan, restoring the thousand-year-old statues to their former glory in the virtual world. This “rescue dialogue of civilizations” demonstrates China’s responsibility and commitment to safeguarding the common cultural heritage of humanity. In the field of education, Confucius Institutes cover more than 150 countries and regions worldwide, serving as an important platform for cultural and educational exchange on Chinese culture. These people-to-people ties allow different civilizations to naturally blend through non-governmental exchanges, cultivating a civilizational understanding that transcends national borders.

第二，培育文明互鉴土壤，厚植民心相通根基。中国注重通过人文纽带培育文明交融的沃土，让不同文明在民间交往中自然共生。在文化遗产保护领域，中国与多个国家在考古领域有着广泛合作，派遣专家团队赴印度、伊朗、沙特等国开展丝路遗址发掘。敦煌研究院运用数字化技术，为阿富汗巴米扬大佛修复提供技术支持，使千年佛像在虚拟世界重现光彩。这种“文明的抢救性对话”彰显了中国守护人类共同文化遗产的责任与担当。在教育领域，孔子学院覆盖全球150多个国家和地区，成为中华文化教育交流的重要平台。这些人文纽带让不同文明在民间交往中自然交融，培育出超越国界的文明理解。

Third, establish value coordinates for the common good of all and guide the direction of civilizational development. In his speech at the UNESCO headquarters, President Xi Jinping emphasized, “Respect the diversity of world civilizations, transcend civilizational estrangement through exchange, transcend civilizational clashes through mutual learning, and transcend civilizational superiority through coexistence.” [2]2 Xi Jinping, “Carry Forward the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence and Build a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind,” speech at the Conference Marking the 70th Anniversary of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, June 28, 2024. The view of civilization advocated by Chinese-path modernization is painting a picture of a world where “each civilization is beautiful in its own way, we appreciate the beauty of others, and together we create beauty for all, achieving great harmony under heaven.” From the first proposal in 2017 of “equality, mutual learning, dialogue, and inclusiveness” to the Global Civilization Initiative in 2023, which put forward propositions such as “respecting the diversity of world civilizations” and “promoting the common values of all humanity,” China has continuously provided theoretical support for civilizational dialogue, enabling different civilizations to find a common denominator of value through equal dialogue.

第三，构建美美与共价值坐标，引领文明发展方向。习近平主席在联合国教科文组织总部演讲时强调，“尊重世界文明多样性，以文明交流超越文明隔阂、文明互鉴超越文明冲突、文明共存超越文明优越”。中国式现代化倡导的文明观，正在绘制一幅“各美其美、美人之美、美美与共、天下大同”的文明画卷。从2017年首次提出“平等、互鉴、对话、包容”，到2023年全球文明倡议提出“尊重世界文明多样性、弘扬全人类共同价值”等主张，中国持续为文明对话提供理论支撑，使不同文明在平等对话中找到价值公约数。

Core Pathway: Stimulating New Impetus for Global Cooperation, Laying a Foundation for Human Prosperity through Openness and Mutual Benefit

核心路径：激发全球合作新动能，以开放共赢厚植人类繁荣之基

Only by breaking down barriers through open cooperation and building consensus through a win-win mindset can we activate the deep-seated momentum for global development and lay a solid foundation for human prosperity. The fifth volume of *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China* emphasizes that “China’s door of opening up will only open wider and wider,” advocating for promoting deeper reform and high-quality development through high-standard opening up. The practice of Chinese-path modernization shows that openness, inclusiveness, and mutual benefit are the way to break the deadlock in global development.

唯有通过开放合作打破壁垒、以共赢思维凝聚共识，才能激活全球发展的深层动能，为人类繁荣奠定坚实基础。《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷强调“中国开放的大门只会越来越大”，主张以高水平对外开放促进深层次改革、高质量发展。中国式现代化实践表明，开放包容、互利共赢才是全球发展困局的破局之道。

On the one hand, Chinese-path modernization uses institutional opening up to break down the barriers of “de-globalization.” Currently, unilateralism and protectionism are on the rise, trade and investment rules are becoming regionalized and fragmented, and global industrial chains face risks of “decoupling” and “supply chain disruption.” China actively aligns itself with high-standard international economic and trade rules, promoting a pattern of opening up that is broader in scope, wider in area, and deeper in level through institutional opening up. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasizes the need to “steadily expand institutional opening up in terms of rules, regulations, management, and standards.” [3]3 Xi Jinping, “Promoting High-Quality Development of the Belt and Road,” speech at the Third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, October 18, 2023. Through practices such as the strategy of upgrading pilot free trade zones and the construction of the Hainan Free Trade Port, breakthroughs have been made in areas like aligning with the provisions of the Digital Economy Partnership Agreement (DEPA), and pilot programs for the import and export management system of “‘first-line’ liberalization and ‘second-line’ control” have achieved notable results. China is building an institutional system that is compatible with internationally accepted rules. It should be noted that this opening up is not merely a flow-based opening up of goods and factors; it also uses institutional opening up as a lever to provide a fair competitive market environment for global enterprises. By adding new import trade promotion and innovation demonstration zones, optimizing the list of retail imported goods for cross-border e-commerce, promoting the on-site processing of imported goods from border trade, and increasing imports from neighboring countries to reduce global trade costs, China is taking concrete actions to uphold the multilateral trading system and inject certainty into the recovery of the world economy.

一方面，中国式现代化以制度型开放破除“逆全球化”壁垒。当前，单边主义、保护主义抬头，贸易投资规则区域化、碎片化趋势明显，全球产业链面临“断链”“脱钩”风险。中国主动对标国际高标准经贸规则，以制度型开放推动形成更大范围、更宽领域、更深层次的开放格局。习近平总书记强调要实现“稳步扩大规则、规制、管理、标准等制度型开放”。通过自贸试验区提升战略、海南自由贸易港建设等实践，《数字经济伙伴关系协定》（DEPA）条款对接等领域形成突破，“‘一线’放开、‘二线’管住”进出口管理制度试点成效显著。中国正构建起与国际通行规则相衔接的制度体系。需要注意的是，这一开放不仅是商品和要素的流动型开放，更以制度型开放为抓手，为全球企业提供公平竞争的市场环境。增设进口贸易促进创新示范区，优化跨境电商零售进口商品清单，推进边民互市贸易进口商品落地加工，增加自周边国家进口，降低全球贸易成本，中国正以实际行动维护多边贸易体制，为世界经济复苏注入确定性。

On the other hand, high-quality development of the Belt and Road Initiative empowers global growth. More than a decade after the Belt and Road Initiative was proposed, it has shifted from a “broad sketch” to a “fine brushwork” and has become the largest and most far-reaching international cooperation platform. As of 2024, China has signed over 200 cooperation documents on Belt and Road cooperation with more than 150 countries and over 30 international organizations, forming over 3,000 cooperation projects and driving nearly one trillion US dollars in investment. The success of this initiative lies in its consistent adherence to the principles of extensive consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits, focusing on “hard connectivity,” “soft connectivity,” and “people-to-people connectivity.” Landmark projects such as the China-Laos Railway and the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway have shortened distances in time and space, while cooperation in new areas such as the Health Silk Road, the Green Silk Road, and the Digital Silk Road has expanded development space. These tangible and visible results of cooperation have turned the Belt and Road Initiative from an “initiative” into “action,” from a “blueprint” into “reality,” making it a “two-way fast track” for participating countries to share development opportunities.

另一方面，以“一带一路”高质量发展赋能全球增长。共建“一带一路”倡议提出十余年来，“一带一路”已从“大写意”转向“工笔画”，成为规模最大、影响深远的国际合作平台。截至2024年，中国已与150多个国家、30多个国际组织签署200多份共建“一带一路”合作文件，形成3000多个合作项目，拉动近万亿美元投资。这一倡议的成功，在于其始终秉持共商共建共享原则，聚焦“硬联通”“软联通”“心联通”。中老铁路、雅万高铁等标志性项目缩短了时空距离，健康丝绸之路、绿色丝绸之路、数字丝绸之路等新领域合作拓展了发展空间。这些看得见、摸得着的合作成果，让“一带一路”从“倡议”变为“行动”，从“蓝图”变为“实景”，成为共建国家共享发展机遇的“双向快车道”。

Value Destination: Leading New Trends in World Development, Building Consensus on Development through the China Solution

价值归宿：引领世界发展新潮流，以中国方案凝聚发展共识之力

The fifth volume of *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China* clearly states: “Chinese-path modernization is socialist modernization led by the Communist Party of China.” Party leadership is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics, the greatest strength of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and an essential requirement of Chinese-path modernization. Upholding Party leadership fundamentally defines the political foundation and development direction of this new form of human civilization. As a historic practice leading a large country of over 1.4 billion people to achieve modernization as a whole, Chinese-path modernization, led by the Communist Party of China, takes the traditional wisdom of Chinese civilization as its cultural foundation and the socialist system with Chinese characteristics as its practical vehicle. It profoundly reshapes the value orientation, development path, and civilizational form of modernization, providing a systematic solution to the global development deficit, governance deficit, and trust deficit.

《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷明确指出：“中国式现代化，是中国共产党领导的社会主义现代化。”党的领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征，是中国特色社会主义制度的最大优势，是中国式现代化的本质要求。坚持党的领导从根本上界定了这一人类文明新形态的政治底色与发展方向。作为引领14亿多人口大国整体迈入现代化的历史性实践，中国共产党领导的中国式现代化以中华文明传统智慧为文化底蕴，以中国特色社会主义制度为实践载体，深刻重塑了现代化的价值取向、发展路径与文明形态，为破解全球发展赤字、治理赤字、信任赤字提供了系统性解决方案。

First, Chinese-path modernization deconstructs the myth of Western-centric modernization. From the “enclosures that turned sheep into men-eaters” to the construction of the global colonial system, Western modernization has always been accompanied by the plunder and oppression of the non-Western world. “The greatest drawback of Western modernization is that it is capital-centered rather than people-centered… leading to a wide gap between rich and poor and severe polarization.” [4]4 Xi Jinping, “Chinese Modernization Is a New Model for Human Development,” speech at the opening ceremony of the 20th National Congress of the CPC, October 16, 2022. This development model has caused the global North-South divide to continue widening, with developing countries falling into the “middle-income trap.” Chinese-path modernization breaks the cognitive shackles of “modernization equals Westernization.” The fact that over 1.4 billion people are advancing modernization as a whole through a path of peaceful development is rewriting the theoretical paradigm of modernization. General Secretary Xi Jinping points out, “The modernization of our country’s population of over 1.4 billion people entering a modern society as a whole, a scale larger than the total population of all existing developed countries, is unprecedented in its difficulty and complexity.” [5]5 Xi Jinping, “Chinese Modernization Is a New Model for Human Development,” speech at the opening ceremony of the 20th National Congress of the CPC, October 16, 2022. The development path and methods of Chinese-path modernization are unique. This distinctive practical exploration is reshaping the discourse system of human modernization.

第一，中国式现代化解构西方中心主义的现代化迷思。从“羊吃人”的圈地运动到全球殖民体系的构建，西方现代化始终伴随着对非西方世界的掠夺与压迫。“西方现代化的最大弊端，就是以资本为中心而不是以人民为中心……导致贫富差距大、两极分化严重。”这种发展模式导致全球南北鸿沟持续扩大，发展中国家陷入“中等收入陷阱”。中国式现代化打破“现代化=西方化”的认知桎梏，14亿多人口以和平发展之路整体推进现代化建设正改写现代化理论范式。习近平总书记指出，“我国十四亿多人口整体迈进现代化社会，规模超过现有发达国家人口的总和，艰巨性和复杂性前所未有”。中国式现代化的发展途径和推进方式独具特色，这种独特的实践探索正在重塑人类现代化的话语体系。

Second, Chinese-path modernization transcends the predicament of human development alienation. At the level of material civilization, Chinese-path modernization is a modernization of "common prosperity for all the people," transcending the vicious cycle of "growth-poverty." By constructing an institutional system that coordinates primary distribution, redistribution, and tertiary distribution, China provides Chinese wisdom for solving the global income gap problem. In the relationship between humanity and nature, Chinese-path modernization is a modernization of "harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature," directly confronting the paradox of industrial civilization development. With the ecological consciousness that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," it promotes the formation of a green development mode, contributing an Eastern solution to global issues such as climate governance and biodiversity protection. At the dimension of civilizational development, Chinese-path modernization is a modernization of "coordinated material and cultural-ethical progress," both avoiding the trap of materialist expansion and constructing a spiritual home through core socialist values, pointing the way for the progress of human civilization in an era of highly developed material technology.

第二，中国式现代化超越人类发展异化困境。在物质文明层面，中国式现代化是“全体人民共同富裕”的现代化，超越了“增长—贫困”恶性循环的怪圈。中国通过构建初次分配、再分配、第三次分配协调配套的制度体系，为解决全球性收入鸿沟问题提供中国智慧。在人与自然关系上，中国式现代化是“人与自然和谐共生”的现代化，直击工业文明发展悖论，以“绿水青山就是金山银山”的生态自觉，推动形成绿色发展方式，为气候治理、生物多样性保护等全球议题贡献东方方案。在文明发展维度，中国式现代化是“物质文明和精神文明相协调”的现代化，既避免陷入物质主义膨胀的陷阱，又通过社会主义核心价值观建构精神家园，为物质技术高度发达时代的人类文明进步指明方向。

Third, Chinese-path modernization constructs a practical system of modernization for common development. Oriented toward common prosperity, Chinese-path modernization establishes a fair and just international development outlook. Through strategies such as "targeted poverty alleviation" and "rural revitalization," China has historically eliminated absolute poverty, making a major contribution to the global cause of poverty reduction. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasizes, "We have adhered to targeted poverty alleviation and mobilized all-out efforts, winning the largest battle against poverty in human history. All 832 impoverished counties have been removed from the poverty list, and nearly 100 million rural poor have been lifted out of poverty." The people-centered development model provides the international community with a reference experience for benefiting people's livelihoods and promoting inclusive growth. At the international practice level, China promotes infrastructure connectivity and unimpeded trade through the Belt and Road Initiative, having signed more than 200 cooperation documents and built a mutually beneficial and win-win global cooperation platform, vividly interpreting the Eastern wisdom that "development is the master key to solving all problems."

第三，中国式现代化构建共同发展的现代化实践体系。中国式现代化以共同富裕为导向，构建了公平正义的国际发展观。通过“精准扶贫”“乡村振兴”等战略，中国历史性消除绝对贫困，为全球减贫事业作出重大贡献。习近平总书记强调，“我们坚持精准扶贫、尽锐出战，打赢了人类历史上规模最大的脱贫攻坚战，全国八百三十二个贫困县全部摘帽，近一亿农村贫困人口实现脱贫”。以人民为中心的发展模式，为国际社会提供了反哺民生、促进包容性增长的可借鉴经验。在国际实践层面，中国通过“一带一路”倡议推动设施联通、贸易畅通，累计签署200多份合作文件，搭建起互利共赢的全球合作平台，生动诠释了“发展是解决一切问题的总钥匙”的东方智慧。

In summary, the fifth volume of *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China* is the latest achievement in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. It is the original contribution of Chinese Communists, based on more than a century of struggle and oriented toward the future of humanity, profoundly revealing that Chinese-path modernization is a path of modernization that both develops itself and benefits the world. Its practical logic lies in closely combining China's national rejuvenation with the common development of humanity, providing new opportunities and new ideas for global development through historic self-transformation, and actively participating in shaping a more just and reasonable new international order through conceptual guidance and practical innovation. Deeply grasping this practical logic allows one to understand the world significance of China's development—promoting common prosperity in the world through its own development. This is not only the inevitable path for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation but also a powerful driving force for building a community with a shared future for mankind. On the new journey, we must take upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground as the driving force, continuously advancing the contemporary development of the theoretical system; take deepening reform and opening up as the path, constantly perfecting the rule system of institutional opening up; and take consolidating the foundation of civilization as support, striving to cultivate the soil of mutual learning for people-to-people bonds. Only in this way can we transform the ideological power of this work into a driving force for endeavor, providing an inexhaustible driving force for comprehensively building a modern socialist country and comprehensively advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, while also contributing more inclusive Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions to a turbulent and changing world.

总之，《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷是马克思主义中国化时代化的最新成果，是中国共产党人立足百余年奋斗历程、面向人类未来的原创性贡献，深刻揭示了中国式现代化是一条既发展自身又造福世界的现代化道路。其实践逻辑在于，将中国的国家振兴与人类的共同发展紧密结合，通过历史性的自我变革，为全球发展提供新机遇新思路，并通过理念引领和实践创新，积极参与塑造一个更加公正合理的国际新秩序。深刻把握这一实践逻辑，就能理解中国发展的世界意义——以自身发展促进世界共同繁荣。这不仅是中华民族伟大复兴的必由之路，也是推动构建人类命运共同体的强大动力。新征程上，我们需以守正创新为动力，持续推进理论体系的时代化发展；以深化改革开放为路径，不断完善制度型开放的规则体系；以厚植文明根基为支撑，着力培育民心相通的互鉴土壤。唯有如此，方能将这部著作的思想伟力转化为奋进动能，为全面建设社会主义现代化国家、全面推进中华民族伟大复兴提供不竭动力，也为动荡变革的世界贡献更具包容性的中国智慧与中国方案。

(The author is Dean and Professor of the School of Marxism at Heilongjiang University)

（作者系黑龙江大学马克思主义学院院长、教授）

Online editor: Tongxin

网络编辑：同心