Deeply Grasping the Great Significance of Building a Global Ecological Civilization

General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out: “Building a global ecological civilization requires the concerted efforts of all countries to jointly promote green, low-carbon, and sustainable development.” Building a global ecological civilization is an important component of Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization. Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization proposes building a global ecological civilization, making clear that humanity has experienced primitive civilization, agricultural civilization, and industrial civilization, that ecological civilization is a product of industrial civilization reaching a certain stage of development, and that it is a new requirement for achieving harmonious development between humanity and nature. It profoundly reveals the key significance of ecological civilization for transcending industrial civilization and developing a new form of human civilization.

习近平总书记指出：“建设全球生态文明，需要各国齐心协力，共同促进绿色、低碳、可持续发展。”建设全球生态文明是习近平生态文明思想的重要内容。习近平生态文明思想提出建设全球生态文明，明确人类经历了原始文明、农业文明、工业文明，生态文明是工业文明发展到一定阶段的产物，是实现人与自然和谐发展的新要求，深刻揭示了生态文明对于超越工业文明、发展人类文明新形态所具有的关键意义。

Building a global ecological civilization is conducive to China anchoring the direction of high-quality development, achieving harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature, and contributing Chinese wisdom to addressing the sustainable development challenges facing humanity after the Industrial Revolution. The Proposal of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, adopted at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC [1]1 The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC was held in July 2025. The “15th Five-Year Plan” refers to the period 2026–2030., has made strategic deployments for “accelerating the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development and building a Beautiful China,” injecting new vitality into building a global ecological civilization. We must, from the historical height of the evolution of human civilization forms, deeply understand the global significance of building a global ecological civilization, and, guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization, write a new chapter in jointly pursuing the path of global ecological civilization construction.

建设全球生态文明，有利于中国锚定高质量发展方向、实现人与自然和谐共生，为应对工业革命后人类面临的可持续发展挑战贡献中国智慧。党的二十届四中全会通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》对“加快经济社会发展全面绿色转型，建设美丽中国”作出战略部署，为建设全球生态文明增添新的活力。我们要从人类文明形态演进的历史高度，深刻认识建设全球生态文明的世界意义，以习近平生态文明思想为指引，谱写共谋全球生态文明建设之路的新篇章。

An Important Achievement in the Development and Evolution of Human Civilization

人类文明发展演进的重要成果

Building a global ecological civilization originates from General Secretary Xi Jinping’s deep practical exploration and scientific theoretical reflection on the issue of human sustainable development. The Industrial Revolution brought about a leap in productive forces and a transformation in relations of production, realizing the large-scale production and consumption of material wealth. After humanity entered the era of industrial civilization, developed countries took the lead in achieving their own modernization by developing industrial civilization. However, this modernization model, built on traditional industrial civilization, could only satisfy the high-consumption demands of a few developed countries and could not achieve the sustainable development of all humanity.

建设全球生态文明，源自习近平总书记对人类可持续发展问题的深入实践探索和科学理论思考。工业革命带来生产力飞跃和生产关系变革，实现物质财富大规模生产和消费。人类进入工业文明时代后，发达国家通过发展工业文明率先实现自身的现代化。但这种建立在传统工业文明之上的现代化模式只能满足少数发达国家的高消费需求，无法实现全人类的可持续发展。

Traditional industrial civilization exchanges economic growth for the sacrifice of the ecological environment, endlessly takes from nature or even destroys it, and various ecological and environmental problems subsequently emerge. Faced with this situation, developed countries generally adopted a “pollute first, treat later” model, formulating strict environmental protection policies in the later stages of development while simultaneously transferring high-consumption, high-pollution, and high-carbon-emission industries to developing countries. For developed countries, although industrial transfer objectively improved their own environmental quality, their economic production and social life still relied on the plundering of the environment and resources, and their development model did not undergo a fundamental transformation. If the vast number of developing countries pursue their own modernization by relying on this development model of achieving high consumption through high consumption and high pollution, a global resource and environmental crisis will be unavoidable. Currently, various ecological and environmental problems, including climate change, environmental pollution, and declining biodiversity, arise one after another, threatening human survival and development. This is precisely the consequence of the modernization model built on traditional industrial civilization. This modernization model has significant dilemmas: traditional industrial civilization realized the large-scale production and consumption of material wealth, allowing a few countries to take the lead in achieving modernization; yet once extended to the whole world, it brings about global resource scarcity and environmental degradation, ultimately even interrupting the process of human modernization and causing the decline of civilization.

传统工业文明以牺牲生态环境为代价换取经济增长，无止境地向自然索取甚至破坏自然，各种生态环境问题随之出现。面对这一情况，发达国家普遍采用“先污染、后治理”的模式，在发展后期制定严格的环境保护政策，同时将高消耗、高污染、高碳排的产业转移到发展中国家。对发达国家而言，虽然产业转移客观上改善了本国的环境质量，但经济生产和社会生活仍然依赖对环境和资源的掠夺，发展方式并未实现根本转变。广大发展中国家若以这种依靠高消耗、高污染实现高消费的发展方式来追求自身的现代化，全球性资源环境危机将不可避免。当前，包括气候变化、环境污染、生物多样性水平下降等在内的各种生态环境问题此起彼伏，威胁人类生存发展。这正是建立在传统工业文明之上的现代化模式的后果。这种现代化模式存在显著困境：传统工业文明实现了物质财富的大规模生产和消费，让少数国家率先实现现代化；可一旦推广到全世界，又会带来全球性的资源紧张、环境恶化，甚至最终中断人类现代化进程，造成文明的衰落。

When the ecology thrives, civilization thrives; when the ecology declines, civilization declines. Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization, standing at the height of the sustainable development of the Chinese nation and humanity, connects theory and practice, history and reality, and the international and domestic spheres. It makes clear that “in building a modern country, following the old path of the United States and Europe will not work,” “to achieve sustainable development, we must do a good job in ecological civilization construction,” and “the international community should jointly pursue the path of global ecological civilization construction, adhering to the path of green, low-carbon, circular, and sustainable development.” Since the founding of New China, especially since reform and opening up, China has created a development miracle unprecedented in human history, while gradually recognizing that traditional industrial civilization inherently creates a tense relationship between economic and social development and ecological environmental protection. Rapid industrialization has brought increasingly severe ecological and environmental problems such as air pollution, soil erosion, resource depletion, and desertification, requiring us to coordinate economic and social development with ecological environmental protection, achieving their dialectical unity and harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature. Building a global ecological civilization is precisely the crystallization of China’s arduous exploration of a sustainable modernization path. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has placed ecological civilization construction in a prominent position in overall work, promoting historic, transformative, and comprehensive changes in ecological civilization construction from theory to practice. The modernization of harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature has been accelerated, fully demonstrating the truth power and practical force of Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization.

生态兴则文明兴，生态衰则文明衰。习近平生态文明思想站在中华民族和人类永续发展的高度，贯通理论和实践、贯通历史和现实、贯通国际和国内，明确“我们建设现代化国家，走美欧老路是走不通的”“要实现永续发展，必须抓好生态文明建设”“国际社会要共谋全球生态文明建设之路，坚持走绿色、低碳、循环、可持续发展之路”。新中国成立以来特别是改革开放以来，中国创造了人类历史上前所未有的发展奇迹，同时逐渐认识到传统工业文明内在地制造了经济社会发展与生态环境保护的紧张关系。快速工业化带来大气污染、水土流失、资源枯竭、荒漠化等日益严峻的生态环境问题，要求我们必须统筹好经济社会发展和生态环境保护，实现二者辩证统一、人与自然和谐共生。建设全球生态文明正是中国艰辛探索可持续的现代化道路的智慧结晶。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央把生态文明建设摆在全局工作的突出位置，推动生态文明建设从理论到实践发生历史性、转折性、全局性变化，人与自然和谐共生的现代化加快推进，充分彰显了习近平生态文明思想的真理力量和实践伟力。

From the grand history of the development and evolution of human civilization, Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization proposes building a global ecological civilization. This is both a product of industrial civilization reaching a certain stage of development and a transcendence of industrial civilization. It is a more advanced form of human civilization compared to industrial civilization, and has important theoretical and practical significance for human sustainable development. Building a global ecological civilization does not simply mean attaching importance to ecological environmental protection. Rather, it means breaking out of the outdated framework of traditional industrial civilization in dealing with ecological and environmental problems, not following the old path of “pollute first, treat later,” but instead, from the height that humanity and nature are a community of life, taking the carrying capacity of resources and the environment as the premise and foundation for development, promoting human sustainable development through green development, circular development, and low-carbon development, and advancing harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature. Building a global ecological civilization is not aimed at allowing only a small number of people in a few countries to exclusively enjoy the abundant life brought by modernization, but rather at seeking common prosperity and sustainable development for all humanity. It contains a profound reflection on the basic questions of development, such as why to develop, what to develop, and how to develop. Compared with traditional industrial civilization, it represents a profound transformation of the logic and mode of human development. The contradictory and conflicting relationship between economic and social development and ecological environmental protection under the traditional modernization model is thus transformed into a mutually reinforcing dialectical unity. Building a global ecological civilization provides a new modernization option for all countries in the world, especially the vast number of developing countries eager to accelerate their modernization, and represents the direction of the development of human civilization.

从人类文明发展演进的大历史看，习近平生态文明思想提出建设全球生态文明，这既是工业文明发展到一定阶段的产物，也是对工业文明的超越，是与工业文明相比更为进步的人类文明形态，对人类可持续发展具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。建设全球生态文明不是简单地重视生态环境保护，而是跳出传统工业文明应对生态环境问题的陈旧框架，不走“先污染、后治理”的老路，而是从人与自然是生命共同体的高度，把资源环境的承载力作为发展的前提和基础，以绿色发展、循环发展、低碳发展促进人类永续发展，推动人与自然和谐共生。建设全球生态文明，不是为了只让少数国家的少数人独享现代化带来的丰裕生活，而是谋求全人类共同繁荣、永续发展。其中蕴含着对为什么发展、发展什么、如何发展等关于发展基本问题的深刻反思，相较传统工业文明是对人类发展逻辑、发展方式的深刻变革。传统现代化模式下经济社会发展与生态环境保护相互对立的矛盾冲突关系由此转变为相互促进的辩证统一关系。建设全球生态文明为世界各国特别是渴望加快实现现代化的广大发展中国家提供了一种新的现代化选择，代表着人类文明发展的方向。

Providing Solutions to Global Challenges and Problems

为应对全球性挑战和问题提供解决之道

Building a global ecological civilization is a key measure to break through the inherent limitations of traditional industrial civilization and outlines a systematic solution for achieving human sustainable development. Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization proposes building a global ecological civilization, providing solutions at both the conceptual and technological levels for properly addressing the global challenges and problems facing human development. It has broad international influence, appeal, and shaping power, and is increasingly becoming an international consensus.

建设全球生态文明，是突破传统工业文明内在局限性的关键举措，为实现人类可持续发展擘画系统性解决方案。习近平生态文明思想提出建设全球生态文明，在理念与技术两个层面为妥善应对人类发展面临的全球性挑战和问题提供了解决之道，具有广泛的国际影响力、感召力、塑造力，日益成为国际共识。

It provides a fundamentally significant solution for reconstructing the relationship between humanity and nature. The reason many global problems have remained unresolved for a long time is largely due to the inherent limitations of the traditional modernization model. Traditional industrial civilization adheres to anthropocentrism, treating nature as an object to be conquered and transformed, regarding the ecological environment as a place to extract resources and discharge waste, using capital appreciation and profit maximization as the driving force for economic growth, and promoting consumerism with excessive consumption, which inevitably leads to ecological and environmental destruction. Building a global ecological civilization, in contrast, advocates that humanity and nature are a community of life, insists on respecting, conforming to, and protecting nature, confines human activities within the limits that the ecological environment can bear, forms green and low-carbon production methods and lifestyles, realizes the coexistence and co-prosperity of humanity and nature, and continuously meets the people’s needs for a better life. The development of traditional industrial civilization comes at the cost of overdrawing and damaging the ecological environment, and limited resources cannot satisfy the consumption demands of all people, inevitably leading to contradictions and conflicts between countries, between the present generation and future generations, and between economic development and environmental protection due to competition for resources. Building a global ecological civilization transforms these three pairs of relationships from opposition to win-win outcomes. By promoting green development, building a global ecological civilization expands the convergence points of interests among countries, opens up broader space for international relations to break free from the outdated logic of zero-sum games and winner-takes-all, and achieve inclusive and universally beneficial development. It also ensures that the needs of both the present and future generations can be met, and enables economic development to find new directions, breakthroughs, and driving forces for transformation, upgrading, and quality and efficiency improvement in the process of protecting the environment.

为重构人与自然关系提供具有根本意义的解决思路。许多全球问题之所以长期得不到解决，很大程度上是由传统现代化模式的内在局限性导致的。传统工业文明秉持人类中心主义，把自然视为征服和改造的对象，将生态环境作为攫取资源和排放废弃物的场所，以资本的增值和利润最大化为经济增长的驱动力，盛行过度消费的消费主义，必然导致生态环境破坏。建设全球生态文明则倡导人与自然是生命共同体，坚持尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然，把人类活动限制在生态环境能够承受的限度内，形成绿色低碳的生产方式和生活方式，实现人与自然共生共存，不断满足人民对美好生活的需要。传统工业文明的发展以透支损害生态环境为代价，而有限的资源不可能满足所有人的消费需求，必然因争夺资源而导致国与国、当代人与后代人、经济发展与环境保护之间的矛盾和冲突。建设全球生态文明则使上述三对关系由对立走向共赢。建设全球生态文明在推动绿色发展中扩大了各国利益交汇点，为国与国之间关系摆脱零和博弈、赢者通吃的陈旧逻辑，实现普惠包容发展开辟了更加广阔的空间，又让当代人和后代人的需求都能得到满足，并且使经济发展能够在保护环境的过程中找到转型升级和提质增效的新方向、突破口和动力源。

It outlines a promising solution for driving the transformation of the development model. Building a global ecological civilization plays a positive role in solving many global problems, such as global environmental governance, achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, advancing the modernization of the Global South, and maintaining world peace and security. In terms of global environmental governance, building a global ecological civilization requires all countries to follow the path of green development, guides countries to tap into and share the enormous opportunities arising from green development, shifts the underlying logic of global environmental governance from responsibility-sharing to opportunity-sharing, and continuously strengthens the internal motivation for countries to cooperate in enhancing global environmental governance. Regarding the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, the United Nations *2025 Sustainable Development Goals Report* shows that among the 169 specific targets of the SDGs, only 35% are on track, nearly half are progressing slowly, and 18% have regressed. The current pace is insufficient to achieve all SDGs by 2030. Globally, 800 million people remain in absolute poverty; billions lack safe drinking water and sanitation services; climate change is intensifying; and so on. This situation arises not only because some national governments have insufficient attention and inadequate efforts, but also because a practical pathway for achieving the SDGs has not been explored. Only by building a global ecological civilization, realizing a transformation of the development model, and turning some conflicting development goals into mutually reinforcing ones can the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals be achieved as a whole. In advancing the modernization of the Global South, the current international division of labor places developed countries at the high end of the value chain and developing countries at the low end, making it impossible to achieve common prosperity for all countries. This international division of labor is a product of the inherent limitations of the traditional modernization model. Building a global ecological civilization provides the Global South with modernization development opportunities to overtake others through green development, which is conducive to promoting an equal and orderly multipolar world and inclusive and universally beneficial economic globalization. Building a global ecological civilization means that the development model will no longer rely as heavily on large-scale resource consumption as in the past, helping to reduce social conflicts triggered by resource competition and better maintain world peace and security.

为驱动发展方式变革擘画前景可期的解决方案。建设全球生态文明对于全球环境治理、实现联合国可持续发展目标、推进全球南方现代化、维护世界和平与安全等诸多全球问题的解决都具有积极作用。在全球环境治理方面，建设全球生态文明要求各国同走绿色发展之路，引导各国挖掘和分享绿色发展中孕育的巨大机遇，推动全球环境治理的底层逻辑从责任分担走向机遇共享，不断增强各国合作加强全球环境治理的内在动力。在实现联合国可持续发展目标方面，联合国《2025年可持续发展目标报告》显示，可持续发展目标169个细项中，仅35%进展顺利，近一半进展缓慢，18%出现倒退。目前的进度不足以在2030年实现所有可持续发展目标。全球尚有8亿人处于绝对贫困状态；数十亿人缺乏安全的饮用水和卫生服务；气候变化加剧；等等。出现这种情况，不只是因为有的国家政府重视不够、工作不足，也与未能探寻出可持续发展目标的实践路径密切相关。建设全球生态文明，实现发展方式变革，使一些彼此冲突的发展目标转变为相互促进，才有望整体实现联合国可持续发展目标。在推进全球南方现代化方面，当前的国际分工格局使发达国家居于价值链的高端，发展中国家居于价值链的低端，无法实现各国共同繁荣。这种国际分工格局是传统现代化模式内在局限性的产物。建设全球生态文明为全球南方提供了通过绿色发展实现弯道超车的现代化发展机遇，有利于推动平等有序的世界多极化和普惠包容的经济全球化。建设全球生态文明，意味着发展方式不再像过去那样过度依赖对资源的大规模消耗，有助于减少因资源争夺而引发的社会冲突，更好维护世界和平与安全。

In today’s turbulent and intertwined world, instability and uncertainty are more prominent. Individual countries deny the ecological and environmental problems currently facing all humanity, such as climate change, and turn back the clock on promoting green development, hindering regional and world sustainable development. Nevertheless, more and more countries and people around the world recognize that building a global ecological civilization is the only way for humanity’s sustainable development. Building a global ecological civilization injects more stability and positive energy into promoting global development and the transformation of the global governance system, and jointly building a community with a shared future for mankind, providing stronger impetus for human development and progress. It is an important public good contributed by Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization to the international community.

在变乱交织的当今世界，不稳定性不确定性更加突出，个别国家否认气候变化等当前全人类共同面临的生态环境问题，在推动绿色发展上开历史倒车，阻碍地区和世界可持续发展。尽管如此，世界上越来越多的国家和人民认识到，建设全球生态文明是人类可持续发展的必由之路。建设全球生态文明为推动全球发展和全球治理体系变革、携手构建人类命运共同体注入更多稳定性和正能量，为人类发展进步提供更强推动力，是习近平生态文明思想为国际社会贡献的重要公共产品。

Effectively Promote the Building of a Global Ecological Civilization

切实推动全球生态文明建设

Building a global ecological civilization is an important concept that marks the spread of Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization from China to the world. We must strengthen systematic thinking and dialectical thinking, grasp the principal contradiction and the main aspect of the contradiction, identify the breakthrough points of the problem, grasp the focus of work, and effectively promote the building of a global ecological civilization. Continuously, in the combination of theory and practice and the unity of thought and action, we should more broadly demonstrate the truth power and practical power of Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization, contribute Chinese wisdom, Chinese solutions, and Chinese strength to promoting humanity’s sustainable development, and fully display China’s image as a responsible major country that is an important participant, contributor, and leader in building a global ecological civilization.

建设全球生态文明，是标志着习近平生态文明思想从中国走向世界的重要概念。我们要强化系统思维、辩证思维，抓住主要矛盾和矛盾的主要方面，找准问题突破口，把握工作着力点，切实推动全球生态文明建设，不断在理论与实际相结合、思想与行动相统一中，更加广泛地彰显习近平生态文明思想的真理力量和实践伟力，为推动人类可持续发展贡献中国智慧、中国方案、中国力量，充分展现中国作为全球生态文明建设重要参与者、贡献者和引领者的负责任大国形象。

Construct China’s independent knowledge system of ecological civilization, injecting ideological impetus into building a global ecological civilization. Countries around the world, especially the Global South, which accounts for the vast majority of the global population, have an urgent knowledge demand for how to achieve their own modernization in a green and low-carbon manner. The development experience of a few developed countries of “pollute first, treat later” cannot provide useful reference for the Global South. China’s ecological civilization construction has achieved remarkable accomplishments, realizing harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature through green development, and forging a path of Chinese-path modernization. Its theory and practice have unique value for building a global ecological civilization and solving major problems in the global green transformation. Currently, many developing countries hope to learn from and draw on China’s development experience, but often remain at a superficial level without going deeper. This is closely related to the fact that the international dissemination of China’s ecological civilization construction theory and practice needs to be strengthened, and the ideological and spiritual power behind the story of a Beautiful China is not sufficiently demonstrated. This requires us to use Chinese reasoning to summarize Chinese experience well, elevate Chinese experience into Chinese theory, strengthen the systematic research and theoretical elucidation of Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization, promote the construction of China’s independent knowledge system of ecological civilization, create new concepts, new categories, and new expressions that integrate Chinese and foreign perspectives around the core essence, spiritual substance, rich connotations, and practical requirements of building a global ecological civilization, deeply reveal from a theoretical perspective the major differences between building a global ecological civilization and simple environmentalism in terms of philosophical foundation, internal logic, development model, and policy effects, comprehensively advance the international dissemination of Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization, demonstrate its original contributions and principled achievements, and continuously construct and lead the global green development discourse system.

建构中国自主的生态文明知识体系，为建设全球生态文明注入思想动力。世界各国特别是占全球人口绝大多数的全球南方对于如何以绿色低碳方式实现自身现代化有着迫切的知识需求。少数发达国家“先污染、后治理”的发展经验无法为全球南方提供有益的借鉴。中国生态文明建设取得举世瞩目的成就，以绿色发展实现人与自然和谐共生，走出一条中国式现代化道路，其理论和实践对于建设全球生态文明、解决全球绿色转型中的重大问题具有独特价值。当前，许多发展中国家希望学习借鉴中国的发展经验，但往往停留在表面、未能深入。这与我国生态文明建设理论与实践的国际传播工作有待加强，美丽中国故事背后的思想力量和精神力量展现得还不够充分密切相关。这就要求我们用中国道理总结好中国经验，把中国经验提升为中国理论，强化习近平生态文明思想体系化研究、学理化阐释，推动建构中国自主的生态文明知识体系，围绕建设全球生态文明的核心要义、精神实质、丰富内涵、实践要求打造融通中外的新概念新范畴新表述，从理论上深刻揭示建设全球生态文明与单纯的环保主义在哲学基础、内在逻辑、发展方式、政策效果等方面的重大区别，全面推进习近平生态文明思想国际传播，展现其原创性贡献和原理性成果，不断建构和引领全球绿色发展话语体系。

Reform and improve global environmental governance, and actively promote global green development. Building a global ecological civilization requires the international community to work together, strengthen global environmental governance, reform and improve the global environmental governance system, and better consolidate the joint forces for global green development. The current global environmental governance system still has some problems that are incompatible with and uncoordinated with building a global ecological civilization. For example, a few developed countries monopolize global environmental governance, and multilateral governance mechanisms are marginalized or selectively utilized to safeguard the interests of a few developed countries; the weight of the Global South in the international landscape continues to increase, but the voice and representation of the vast number of developing countries have not correspondingly increased, and the global environmental governance system cannot yet better reflect the interests of most countries. It is necessary to practice true multilateralism, uphold international fairness and justice, build a more just and reasonable global environmental governance system, promote shared responsibility and shared benefits among all countries, and effectively enhance governance effectiveness. On this basis, it is also necessary to use more practical measures for green development to help countries transform their development models and turn green development goals into concrete actions. Give full play to the important role of the global environmental governance system, promote international cooperation on green development, implement the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, promote developed countries to provide assistance and support to developing countries in green and low-carbon transformation, enable the free flow of high-quality green technologies and products, so that the vast number of developing countries can also use, afford, and use them well, and create more development opportunities and space for developing countries. In this regard, China has made important contributions to the

改革完善全球环境治理，积极推动全球绿色发展。建设全球生态文明，需要国际社会携手合作，加强全球环境治理，改革完善全球环境治理体系，更好凝聚全球绿色发展合力。现在的全球环境治理体系还存在一些与建设全球生态文明不适应、不协调的问题。比如，少数发达国家垄断全球环境治理，多边治理机制被边缘化或选择性利用以维护少数发达国家利益；全球南方在国际格局中的分量持续提升，但广大发展中国家话语权和代表性没有相应增加，全球环境治理体系还不能更好反映大多数国家的利益。必须践行真正的多边主义，捍卫国际公平正义，构建更加公正合理的全球环境治理体系，促进各国责任共担、利益共享，切实提升治理效能。在此基础上，还要以更多绿色发展的务实举措助力各国发展方式变革，把绿色发展目标转化为实际行动。充分发挥全球环境治理体系的重要作用，推动绿色发展国际合作，落实共同但有区别的责任原则，促进发达国家向发展中国家提供绿色低碳转型方面的帮助和支持，使优质绿色技术和产品自由流通，让广大发展中国家也能用得上、用得起、用得好，为发展中国家营造更多发展机遇和空间。在这方面，中国通过建设更加紧密的绿色发展伙伴关系，加强绿色基建、绿色能源、绿色交通、绿色金融等领域国际合作，为全球绿色低碳转型作出了重要贡献。

Humanity has only one Earth. To build a global ecological civilization, we must protect the Earth, the home on which humanity depends for survival, jointly build a clean and beautiful world, and promote sustainable development. Chinese-path modernization is the modernization of harmony between humanity and nature, and green development is the distinctive hallmark of Chinese-path modernization. The steady and sustained progress of Chinese-path modernization is itself an important achievement of global ecological civilization construction and also provides significant opportunities for other countries in the world to realize green development. On the new journey, we must deeply study and implement Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization in conjunction with the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China [2]2 The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC, held in July 2024, focused on further deepening reform comprehensively to advance Chinese modernization., take the construction of a Beautiful China as the guide, synergistically advance carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion, and economic growth, continuously expand the Chinese-path modernization path of harmony between humanity and nature, and constantly inject strong momentum into building a global ecological civilization through China’s green development.

人类只有一个地球。建设全球生态文明，必须保护好人类赖以生存的地球家园，共建清洁美丽世界，推动可持续发展。中国式现代化是人与自然和谐共生的现代化，绿色发展是中国式现代化的鲜明底色。中国式现代化行稳致远，本身就是全球生态文明建设的重要成果，也为世界其他国家实现绿色发展提供了重要机遇。新征程上，我们要把深入学习贯彻习近平生态文明思想同深入学习贯彻党的二十届四中全会精神结合起来、贯通起来，以美丽中国建设为统领，协同推进降碳、减污、扩绿、增长，持续拓展人与自然和谐共生的中国式现代化道路，不断以中国的绿色发展为建设全球生态文明注入强劲动力。

(The author is a research fellow at the Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)

（作者为中国社会科学院习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心研究员）

Online editor: Huihui

网络编辑：慧慧