Promoting a World Modernization of Peaceful Development, Mutually Beneficial Cooperation, and Common Prosperity

Modernization is the trend of human social development and the goal pursued by all countries in the world. Today, the modernization process of human society has once again arrived at a historical crossroads. What kind of modernization does the world need? How can modernization be achieved? A series of questions on modernization are posed before humanity. Volume V of *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China* systematically elaborates on the special chapter "Jointly Advancing Modernization and Achieving Common Prosperity," centrally presenting General Secretary Xi Jinping’s in-depth reflections and scientific answers to the questions of modernization, based on the general trend of historical development and the development aspirations of all countries.

现代化是人类社会发展的潮流，是世界各国追寻的目标。今天，人类社会现代化进程又一次来到历史的十字路口。当今世界需要什么样的现代化？怎样才能实现现代化？一系列现代化之问摆在人类面前。《习近平谈治国理政》第五卷将“携手推进现代化，实现共同繁荣”作为专章内容进行系统阐述，集中展现了习近平总书记立足历史发展大势和各国发展诉求，对现代化之问的深入思考和科学回答。

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Strive to promote a world modernization of peaceful development, mutually beneficial cooperation, and common prosperity." [1]1 Xi Jinping, *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China*, Volume V, Foreign Languages Press, 2024, p. 487. A world modernization of peaceful development abandons the outdated logic of achieving modernization through war, colonization, plunder, and other means, insists on achieving national development through one’s own efforts in a peaceful international environment, and creates a peaceful international environment through one’s own development; a world modernization of mutually beneficial cooperation transcends the old thinking of zero-sum games, creates common opportunities through openness and inclusiveness, addresses common challenges through coordination and interaction, and jointly shapes new drivers of global development; a world modernization of common prosperity is committed to narrowing the development gap between different countries and different groups, making development achievements benefit the people of all countries more equitably, and breaking the pattern of interest distribution where modernization achievements are monopolized by a few countries and groups. This new paradigm of modernization, with peaceful development, mutually beneficial cooperation, and common prosperity as its core connotations and the goal of building a community with a shared future for mankind, is a major innovation in theory and practice and an inevitable trend of historical development.

习近平总书记指出：“努力推动实现和平发展、互利合作、共同繁荣的世界现代化”。和平发展的世界现代化摒弃通过战争、殖民、掠夺等方式实现现代化的陈旧逻辑，坚持在和平的国际环境中通过自身努力实现国家发展，并通过自身发展创造和平的国际环境；互利合作的世界现代化超越零和博弈的旧思维，在开放包容中创造共同机遇，在协同联动中应对共同挑战，各国共同塑造全球发展新动能；共同繁荣的世界现代化致力于缩小不同国家不同群体的发展差距，让发展成果更公平惠及各国人民，打破现代化成果由少数国家和群体独享的利益分配格局。这种以和平发展、互利合作、共同繁荣为核心内涵，以构建人类命运共同体为目标的现代化新范式，是理论上和实践上的重大创新，是历史发展的必然趋势。

Shaping a Modernization Paradigm That Conforms to the Trend of History

塑造顺应历史潮流的现代化范式

After the Industrial Revolution, Western countries represented by Britain took the lead in entering the era of mechanized production, thereby creating a brilliant industrial civilization and enormous material wealth, promoting the development and progress of human society. Marx and Engels highly evaluated this period in the *Communist Manifesto*, pointing out: "The bourgeoisie, during its rule of scarce one hundred years, has created more massive and more colossal productive forces than have all preceding generations together." [2]2 Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, *Manifesto of the Communist Party*, in *Marx and Engels Collected Works*, Volume 4, People’s Publishing House, 2012, p. 405. Starting from the Industrial Revolution, Western countries accelerated their path toward modernization, mainly characterized by industrialization, urbanization, democratization, and secularization.

工业革命后，以英国为代表的西方国家率先进入机械化生产时代，并由此创造了璀璨的工业文明和巨大的物质财富，推动了人类社会的发展进步。马克思、恩格斯在《共产党宣言》中高度评价这段历史，指出：“资产阶级在它的不到一百年的阶级统治中所创造的生产力，比过去一切世代创造的全部生产力还要多，还要大。”以工业革命为起点，西方国家加速迈上以工业化、城市化、民主化、世俗化等为主要特征的现代化道路。

Due to their first-mover advantage in the modernization process, Western countries, relying on powerful capital and military forces, initiated violent and bloody colonial expansion and plunder on a global scale, gradually constructing a world colonial system. By the early 20th century, the world was essentially carved up by imperialist countries. As Lenin pointed out: "Capitalism has become a world system of colonial oppression and financial strangulation of the vast majority of the world’s population by a handful of ‘advanced’ countries," [3]3 V. I. Lenin, *Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism*, in *Lenin Collected Works*, Volume 27, People’s Publishing House, 2017, p. 331. meaning that the vast majority of countries and regions became colonies and targets of plunder for Western countries, firmly bound to the low end of the international division of labor and industrial chains.

由于在现代化进程中的先发优势，西方国家凭借强大的资本与军事力量，在世界范围开启了充满暴力和血腥的殖民扩张和掠夺，并逐步构筑起世界殖民体系。到20世纪初，世界基本被帝国主义国家瓜分完毕。正如列宁所指出的：“资本主义已成为极少数‘先进’国对世界上绝大多数居民实行殖民压迫和金融扼杀的世界体系”，这意味着绝大多数国家和地区沦为西方国家的殖民地和掠夺对象，被牢牢束缚在国际分工和产业链的低端。

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in *China and Africa: Jointly Pursuing a Modernization Path*: "Achieving modernization is an inalienable right of all countries." [4]4 Xi Jinping, *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China*, Volume V, Foreign Languages Press, 2024, p. 495. In *Joining Hands on the Path Towards Modernization*, he pointed out: "Developing countries have the right and the ability to independently explore modernization paths with their own characteristics based on their national conditions." [5]5 Xi Jinping, *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China*, Volume V, Foreign Languages Press, 2024, p. 487. Since the Second World War, few developing countries have joined the ranks of developed countries, and some developing countries with good development momentum have fallen into the "middle-income trap." [6]6 "Middle-income trap" refers to a situation where an economy that has reached middle-income levels fails to transition to high-income status due to rising costs and declining competitiveness. Facing the important opportunities brought by the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, the vast number of developing countries and Global South countries cannot help but ask: "Is modernization merely a ‘patent’ of Western countries?" The answer is clearly no. World modernization is not, and should not be, the modernization of a few people. The fact that late-developing countries, which constitute the vast majority of the global population, find it difficult to obtain an "entry ticket" to modernization precisely reveals the hypocrisy of Western modernization, the deceptiveness of Western modernization discourse, and the unsustainability of the Western modernization path. The inherent exclusivity, expansionism, and tendency to shift contradictions of Western modernization are the historical roots of many structural crises in the world.

习近平总书记在《中非共逐现代化之梦》中指出：“实现现代化是世界各国不可剥夺的权利。”在《携手同行现代化之路》中指出：“发展中国家有权利也有能力基于自身国情自主探索各具特色的现代化之路。”第二次世界大战以来，鲜有发展中国家跻身发达国家行列，一些发展势头良好的发展中国家纷纷陷入“中等收入陷阱”。面对新一轮科技革命和产业变革带来的重要契机，广大发展中国家和全球南方国家不禁发问：“难道现代化只是西方国家的‘专利品’？”答案显然不是，世界现代化不是更不应是少数人的现代化。占全球人口绝大多数的后发国家难以拿到现代化国家的“入场券”，恰恰证明了西方现代化的虚伪性、西方现代化话语的迷惑性、西方现代化道路的不可持续性。西方现代化内在的排他性、扩张性和矛盾转嫁特性，成为世界诸多结构性危机的历史根源。

The world today is undergoing major changes unseen in a century. Peace deficit, development deficit, security deficit, and governance deficit are intertwined, becoming common challenges facing all humanity, leading to a significant increase in unstable, uncertain, and unpredictable factors in the world modernization process. Currently, major-country geopolitical strategic games are intensifying, economic globalization is encountering headwinds, unilateralism and protectionism are rising markedly, the global economic recovery is weak, the problem of unbalanced and inadequate global development is becoming increasingly prominent, and global sustainable development faces new bottlenecks. The *2025 Sustainable Development Goals Report* released by the United Nations shows that the overall progress of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is slow. Among the 139 specific indicators that can be assessed based on global trend data since the 2015 baseline, 48% of the targets have shown only slight improvement or have completely stagnated, and 18% of the targets have regressed below the 2015 baseline level. [7]7 United Nations, *The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2025*, United Nations Publications, 2025. At the same time, the global governance system has failed to fully reflect the profound changes in the world political and economic landscape. Reforms of major international institutions such as the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund are lagging behind, and the authority and effectiveness of multilateral mechanisms are being challenged. On multilateral platforms such as the G20, it is increasingly difficult for members to pool strength and consensus to address global problems and challenges, and increasingly difficult to take global actions that safeguard common interests.

当今世界正经历百年未有之大变局，和平赤字、发展赤字、安全赤字、治理赤字相互交织，成为横亘在全人类面前的共同挑战，导致世界现代化进程中的不稳定、不确定和难预料因素明显增多。当前，大国地缘战略博弈加剧，经济全球化遭遇逆流，单边主义和保护主义明显上升，全球经济复苏乏力，全球发展不平衡不充分问题日益突出，全球可持续发展面临新的瓶颈。联合国发布的《2025年可持续发展目标报告》显示，联合国2030年可持续发展议程整体进展缓慢。在139项可依据2015年基线以来的全球趋势数据进行评估的具体指标中，48%的目标仅有微弱改善或完全停滞不前，18%的目标已倒退至2015年基线水平以下。同时，全球治理体系未能充分反映世界政治经济格局的深刻变化，联合国、世界贸易组织、世界银行、国际货币基金组织等主要国际机构改革滞后，多边机制的权威性和有效性受到挑战。在二十国集团等多边平台，成员之间越来越难以凝聚应对全球问题和挑战的力量与共识，越来越难以采取维护共同利益的全球行动。

The increasing number and severity of global challenges indicate that Western countries can no longer rely on their own strength to find solutions to the many problems of modernization. In the era of economic globalization where countries are highly interdependent, no country can remain immune to global challenges. Behind this series of severe challenges lies the fact that Western modernization, which unilaterally pursues its own development, can no longer meet the needs of the times. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in *Joining Hands on the Path Towards Modernization*: "Modernization is not a ‘patent’ for a few countries, nor is it a ‘multiple-choice question’ with only one correct answer." [8]8 Xi Jinping, *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China*, Volume V, Foreign Languages Press, 2024, p. 488. An increasing number of countries strongly demand a change in the situation where a few countries monopolize the right to define modernization and the discourse on modernization, and strive to find a modernization path that can both achieve their own development and maintain their own independence and cultural characteristics. This has given rise to an urgent need for a pluralistic and inclusive modernization discourse, and has also provided the soil for the proposal of a new modernization paradigm of peaceful development, mutually beneficial cooperation, and common prosperity.

日益增多且加重的全球性挑战表明，西方国家已难以依靠自身力量找到破解现代化诸多问题的出路。在各国高度相互依存的经济全球化时代，任何国家都不可能在全球性挑战中独善其身。一系列严峻挑战的背后，折射出的是片面追求自身发展的西方现代化已无法适应时代发展的需要。习近平总书记在《携手同行现代化之路》中指出：“现代化不是少数国家的‘专利品’，也不是非此即彼的‘单选题’”。越来越多的国家强烈要求改变由少数国家垄断现代化定义权和话语权的局面，努力寻求一条既能实现自身发展，又能保持自身独立性和文化特色的现代化道路，这催生了对多元化、包容性现代化话语的迫切需求，也为和平发展、互利合作、共同繁荣的新型现代化范式的提出提供了土壤。

Building a New Type of International Relations Centered on Win-Win Cooperation

构建以合作共赢为核心的新型国际关系

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in *Joining Hands on the Path Towards Modernization*: "Any country pursuing modernization should uphold the principle of solidarity and cooperation and the vision of common development, and take a path of joint contribution, shared benefits, and win-win outcomes." [9]9 Xi Jinping, *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China*, Volume V, Foreign Languages Press, 2024, p. 488. Unlike modernization that seeks to stand aloof or even beggar-thy-neighbor, a world modernization of peaceful development, mutually beneficial cooperation, and common prosperity reflects the interdependent, mutually reinforcing, and mutually achieving relationship among countries in the modernization process. This is a profound transformation of the modernization paradigm, which essentially requires all countries to jointly build a new type of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness, justice, and win-win cooperation, and jointly advance the world modernization process.

习近平总书记在《携手同行现代化之路》中指出：“任何国家追求现代化，都应该秉持团结合作、共同发展的理念，走共建共享共赢之路。”与独善其身甚至以邻为壑的现代化不同，和平发展、互利合作、共同繁荣的世界现代化反映了各国在现代化进程中相互依存、相互促进、相互成就的关系。这是一场现代化范式的深刻转型，从本质上要求各国共同构建相互尊重、公平正义、合作共赢的新型国际关系，共同推进世界现代化进程。

Mutual respect is the political prerequisite for world modernization. As the primary principle of the new type of international relations, mutual respect represents a change from the traditional international order based on hierarchy and hegemony. It emphasizes that sovereign equality is not only a legal principle but also a norm of interaction, acknowledging and respecting the diversity of civilizations, differences in social systems among countries, and the right to independently choose development paths. Western modernization is often accompanied by the export of political and economic models and ideological interference, which historically has led to the development paths of many countries being dominated by a single model. In fact, modernization is a pluralistic process. It must fundamentally abandon hegemonic logic. The choice of modernization path should be based on the independent will of each country. Only by building a new type of international relations based on mutual respect can the autonomy of each country be guaranteed, their creativity be stimulated, and each country be able to explore and establish a modernization path that suits its own reality, combining its own culture and national conditions.

相互尊重是世界现代化的政治前提。作为新型国际关系的首要原则，相互尊重是对基于等级与霸权的传统国际秩序的改变。它强调主权平等不仅是法律原则，更是交往准则，承认并尊重文明多样性、各国社会制度的差异以及自主选择发展道路的权利。西方现代化常伴随政治经济模式输出与意识形态干涉，这在历史上导致许多国家的发展路径被单一模式所主导。事实上，现代化是一个多元的进程，必须从根本上摒弃霸权逻辑，现代化道路的选择应该建立在各国自主自愿的基础之上。只有构建相互尊重的新型国际关系，各国的自主性才能得到保障、创造力才能被激发，各国才能结合自身文化与国情，探索和确立符合本国实际的现代化道路。

Fairness and justice are the order guarantee of world modernization. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in “The Vision of Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind Is the Best Inheritance, Development, and Sublimation of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence”: “Without fairness and justice, power politics will run rampant, and the law of the jungle will prevail.” [1]1 Xi Jinping, *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China*, Volume V, Foreign Languages Press, 2024, p. 487. To ensure that the fruits of modernization benefit all countries, rather than being monopolized by a few, fairness and justice must be taken as the value of modernization. Regardless of size or strength, all countries should have equal rights in the formulation of international rules, enjoy equal opportunities in the process of global development, and receive fair treatment in the safeguarding of core interests. For a long time, the unjust and unreasonable international political and economic order constructed by Western countries has led world modernization onto a misguided path of imbalanced development and turbulence. Only by building a new type of international relations based on fairness and justice can we find the “greatest common divisor” for advancing modernization in the international community, gather broad forces to promote modernization, and prevent some countries and groups from “falling behind” in the process of modernization.

公平正义是世界现代化的秩序保障。习近平总书记在《构建人类命运共同体理念是对和平共处五项原则最好的传承、弘扬、升华》中指出：“没有公道正义，强权政治就会横行无忌，弱肉强食就会大行其道。”为了确保现代化成果惠及世界各国，而非被少数国家垄断，必须将公平正义作为现代化的价值。无论大小、强弱，所有国家都应在国际规则制定中拥有平等权利，在全球发展进程中享有均等机会，在核心利益维护中得到公正对待。长期以来，西方国家构筑的不公正不合理的国际政治经济秩序，将世界现代化引入发展失衡和动荡不安的歧途。只有构建公平正义的新型国际关系，才能在国际社会找到推进现代化的“最大公约数”，凝聚推进现代化的广泛力量，避免部分国家和群体在现代化进程中“掉队”。

Cooperation and mutual benefit are the sustained driving force of world modernization. As the core of the new type of international relations, cooperation and mutual benefit advocates open cooperation, continuously creating a larger and more common-interest “pie,” while ensuring that all parties can share the development fruits together, thereby promoting common development and prosperity. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized in “China and Africa Join Hands to Pursue the Dream of Modernization”: “Mutually beneficial cooperation is a broad path that aligns with the long-term and fundamental interests of all countries.” [2]2 Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, *Manifesto of the Communist Party*, in *Marx and Engels Collected Works*, Volume 4, People’s Publishing House, 2012, p. 405. Cooperation and mutual benefit not only emphasizes the “one plus one greater than two” aggregation effect generated through cooperation, giving rise to new development opportunities, but also takes mutual benefit as the foothold of cooperation, providing stable and sustained momentum for cooperation. Only by building a new type of international relations based on cooperation and mutual benefit can all participants obtain tangible benefits from the modernization process, continuously consolidating and expanding the achievements of modernization.

合作共赢是世界现代化的持续动力。作为新型国际关系的核心，合作共赢倡导开放合作，既不断创造新的、更大的共同利益的蛋糕，更确保各方能一起分享发展成果，并以此促进共同发展和繁荣。习近平总书记在《中非共逐现代化之梦》中强调：“互利合作是符合各国长远和根本利益的阳光大道。”合作共赢不仅强调通过合作产生“一加一大于二”的聚合效应，催生新的发展机遇，更将共赢作为合作的落脚点，为合作提供稳定和持续动力。只有构建合作共赢的新型国际关系，才能让所有参与者都能从现代化进程中获得切实利益，不断巩固和扩大现代化发展成果。

In summary, mutual respect lays the basic premise for international interaction, fairness and justice establishes the core value of international interaction, and cooperation and mutual benefit sets the mode and goal of international interaction. The new type of international relations centered on cooperation and mutual benefit provides the international relations foundation and international environment guarantee for pooling synergy in world modernization, injecting more certainty, stability, and predictability into the process of world modernization.

总之，相互尊重奠定了国际交往的基本前提，公平正义确立了国际交往的核心价值，合作共赢设定了国际互动的方式和目标。以合作共赢为核心的新型国际关系为世界现代化提供了凝聚合力的国际关系基础和国际环境保障，为世界现代化进程注入了更多的确定性、稳定性和可预期性。

Advancing World Modernization through High-Quality, Sustainable Development

以高质量、可持续的发展推进世界现代化

In recent years, pursuing high-quality, sustainable development has become a consensus among more and more countries, and this is also the necessary path to achieve a world modernization of peaceful development, mutually beneficial cooperation, and common prosperity. Looking back at history, the modernization path taken by Western countries is essentially a linear path of “pollute first, treat later” and “high carbon first, then decarbonize.” This path, formed under specific historical conditions, has brought enormous ecological and environmental damage and irreversible climate problems. In the current era, the global ecosystem is increasingly fragile, extreme weather events are frequent, and the climate crisis continues to intensify. For the vast number of late-developing countries, Western modernization is not only unreplicable but also an impassable road. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a high-quality, sustainable modernization path. This path represents a fundamental transcendence of the traditional development model, meaning a shift from the past one-sided pursuit of speed and scale—“whether there is or isn’t”—to the pursuit of efficiency, quality, and sustainability—“whether it is good or not.” This is a type of connotative growth, with innovation-driven, green and low-carbon, inclusive and shared, and safe and controllable as its core, committed to achieving the coordinated progress of economic growth, ecological protection, and the comprehensive development of people.

近年来，追求高质量、可持续的发展已成为越来越多国家的共识，这也是实现和平发展、互利合作、共同繁荣的世界现代化的必由之路。回望历史，西方国家所走过的现代化道路，本质上是一条“先污染、后治理”“先高碳、再脱碳”的线性路径。这条道路在特定的历史条件下形成，带来巨大的生态环境破坏和难以逆转的气候问题。当今时代，全球生态系统日益脆弱，极端天气事件频发，气候危机持续加剧。西方现代化对于广大后发国家而言，不仅不可复制，更是一条走不通的路，因此要探寻一条高质量、可持续的现代化之路。这条道路是对传统发展模式的根本性超越，意味着从过去一味追求速度和规模的“有没有”，转向追求效率、质量和可持续的“好不好”。这是一种内涵式增长，以创新驱动、绿色低碳、普惠共享和安全可控为核心，致力于实现经济增长、生态保护与人的全面发展的协同共进。

Taking innovation-driven development as the core driving force, we must consolidate the foundation of world modernization. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in “Working Together for a Fair

以创新驱动为发展的核心动力，筑牢世界现代化根基。习近平总书记在《携手推动普惠包容的经济全球化》中指出：“要向科技创新要生产力，充分发挥人工智能等新兴技术的赋能作用，以新一轮科技革命为世界经济注入强劲动力。”与依赖资源要素投入的发展不同，创新驱动的发展依靠科技创新和制度创新双轮驱动。这不仅包括对前沿技术，如人工智能、生物技术、新能源的探索，更包括对符合可持续发展要求的新业态、新模式的培育。通过构建开放包容的创新生态系统，加强国际科技合作，后发国家才能跨越传统技术路径的锁定效应，最终实现现代化。

Taking green and low-carbon development as the universal form of development, we paint the background color of world modernization. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in "China and Africa: Jointly Forging a Path to Modernization": "Green development is a hallmark of modernization in the New Era." In the current era, green and low-carbon development is not an option in the process of modernization, but a mandatory question to be answered in response to the global ecological crisis, and an inevitable requirement and universal form of world modernization. The requirement of green and low-carbon development calls for deeply integrating the concept of ecological civilization into the entire process of development. All countries must join hands to promote a fundamental transformation of the energy structure, develop a circular economy, and advocate green and low-carbon lifestyles. Using green and low-carbon development to paint the background color of modernization is the shared responsibility and commitment to safeguarding a livable planet for all humanity.

以绿色低碳为发展的普遍形态，绘就世界现代化底色。习近平总书记在《中非共逐现代化之梦》中指出：“绿色发展是新时代现代化的鲜明标识。”当今时代，绿色低碳不是现代化进程中的可选项，而是应对全球生态危机的必答题，是世界现代化的必然要求和普遍形态。绿色低碳的发展要求将生态文明理念深度融入发展的全过程。各国要携手推动能源结构的根本性转型，发展循环经济，倡导绿色低碳的生活方式。以绿色低碳的发展绘就现代化底色，是为全人类守护一个宜居地球的共同责任与担当。

Taking inclusive and shared benefits as the goal and aspiration of development, we clarify the direction of world modernization. The ultimate purpose of modernization is to realize the comprehensive development of human beings. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in "Joining Hands to Advance Modernization": "We should share development opportunities and jointly create a better future. Together, we need to make the 'pie' of human societal modernization bigger and ensure that the fruits of modernization are more equitably shared by all peoples. We must resolutely oppose any attempt to maintain one's own development 'privilege' by suppressing or containing the modernization of other countries." If the fruits of modernization are enjoyed only by a few countries or a few classes, then such modernization is not only unsustainable but also fraught with risks. From a global perspective, inclusive and shared benefits mainly means opposing unilateralism and protectionism, promoting the building of a more just and equitable global governance system, and steering the modernization jointly advanced by all countries in the direction of inclusive growth and common prosperity.

以普惠共享为发展的目标诉求，明确世界现代化方向。现代化的最终目的是实现人的全面发展。习近平总书记在《携手同行现代化之路》中指出：“要坚持共享机遇、共创未来，共同做大人类社会现代化的‘蛋糕’，努力让现代化成果更多更公平惠及各国人民，坚决反对通过打压遏制别国现代化来维护自身发展‘特权’。”如果现代化的成果只被少数国家或少数阶层所享有，那么这种现代化不仅是不可持续的，更是充满风险的。从世界范围来看，普惠共享主要意味着反对单边主义和保护主义，推动构建更加公正合理的全球治理体系，让各国携手推进的现代化朝着包容增长和共同繁荣的方向发展。

Taking security and controllability as the basic guarantee of development, we escort the process of world modernization. Currently, humanity lives in a world that is highly interdependent yet full of uncertainties, which brings numerous risks and challenges to the modernization of all countries. Security and controllability do not mean closing the country to international intercourse, but rather enhancing the resilience and risk-resistance capacity of one's own development through openness and cooperation. It requires all countries to join hands in establishing a diverse and stable international cooperation network, maintaining the unimpeded flow and security of global industrial and supply chains, jointly addressing traditional and non-traditional security threats, and escorting the long and arduous process of world modernization.

以安全可控为发展的基本保障，护航世界现代化进程。当前，人类身处高度相互依存又充满不确定性的世界，这给各国现代化带来了诸多风险挑战。安全可控并非意味着闭关锁国，而是要在开放合作中增强自身发展的韧性和抗风险能力。它要求各国携手建立多元稳定的国际合作网络，维护全球产业链供应链的畅通与安全，共同应对传统安全和非传统安全威胁，为漫长而艰巨的世界现代化进程保驾护航。

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized in "Turning Our Vision of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind into Reality": "What the people of all countries long for is certainly not a new Cold War or a small exclusive bloc; what they want is an open, inclusive, clean and beautiful world that enjoys enduring peace, universal security, and common prosperity. This is the logic of historical progress and the trend of the times." The paths to modernization are diverse, but peaceful development is the common theme, mutually beneficial cooperation is the fundamental approach, and common prosperity is the goal and vision. The world modernization of peaceful development, mutually beneficial cooperation, and common prosperity is China's summary of its own development experience, and even more so, a profound reflection on where human modernization should head. It clearly points the way toward a better world and contributes unique Chinese wisdom to the overall evolution of human civilization. Only by embracing the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind can countries achieve peaceful coexistence, complement each other's advantages, and coordinated development. China has proposed the Belt and Road Initiative and uses it as a practical platform for building a community with a shared future for mankind, adhering to the principles of extensive consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits, and continuously strengthening the alignment of development strategies with partner countries. This is precisely the path of a world modernization of peaceful development, mutually beneficial cooperation, and common prosperity. At the same time, China has proposed the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, the Global Civilization Initiative, and the Global Governance Initiative, providing a feasible "toolbox" for promoting a world modernization of peaceful development, mutually beneficial cooperation, and common prosperity. China continuously provides new opportunities for world development with new achievements in Chinese-path modernization, joining hands with all countries to strive to promote and realize a world modernization of peaceful development, mutually beneficial cooperation, and common prosperity, so as to better benefit the people of all nations.

习近平总书记在《把构建人类命运共同体的理念转化为行动、愿景转化为现实》中强调：“各国人民企盼的，不是‘新冷战’，不是‘小圈子’，而是一个持久和平、普遍安全的世界，一个共同繁荣、开放包容、清洁美丽的世界。这是历史前进的逻辑、时代发展的潮流。”现代化道路是多元的，但和平发展是共同主题，互利合作是根本途径，共同繁荣是目标愿景。和平发展、互利合作、共同繁荣的世界现代化，是中国对自身发展经验的总结，更是对人类现代化向何处去的深刻思考。它清晰地指明了通往一个更加美好世界的方向，为人类文明的整体演进贡献了独特的中国智慧。只有树立人类命运共同体理念，才能实现各国和平共处、优势互补、协同发展。中国提出共建“一带一路”倡议，并将其作为构建人类命运共同体的实践平台，坚持共商共建共享，同共建国家不断强化发展战略对接，走的就是一条和平发展、互利合作、共同繁荣的世界现代化之路。同时，中国提出全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议、全球治理倡议，为推动和平发展、互利合作、共同繁荣的世界现代化提供了可行的“工具箱”。中国不断以中国式现代化新成就为世界发展提供新机遇，携手各国努力推动实现和平发展、互利合作、共同繁荣的世界现代化，更好造福各国人民。

(The author is a research fellow at the Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)

（作者为中国社会科学院习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心研究员）