The Cultural-Strategic Significance of Building the National Library’s Center for the Study of Chinese Studies Literature

Chinese studies refers to research in which overseas scholars (including ethnic Chinese with foreign nationality) take China as the object of study and interpret and reflect on China through the lens of the “other.” This includes both traditional sinology and research on modern China, as well as the tracking and analysis of contemporary Chinese political, diplomatic, economic, social, ecological and other practical issues. On November 24, 2023, President Xi Jinping sent a congratulatory letter to the World Conference on Chinese Studies · Shanghai Forum, pointing out that “Chinese studies is the study of historical China, and it is also the study of contemporary China.” In concise terms, this defined the connotation and extension of Chinese studies and has guiding significance for research in Chinese studies.

中国学指的是海外学者(含外籍华人)以中国为研究客体、用“他者”眼光对中国进行解读与思考的研究，既包括传统汉学，又包括对现代中国的研究，以及对当代中国政治、外交、经济、社会、生态等现实问题的跟踪和分析。2023年11月24日，习近平主席向世界中国学大会·上海论坛致贺信，指出“中国学是历史中国之学，也是当代中国之学”,言简意赅指明了中国学的内涵外延，对中国学研究具有指导意义。

The history of Chinese studies research is long. As early as the 16th century, with the entry of missionaries into China, Europe began to pay attention to ancient Chinese culture and classical texts, giving rise to “sinology” research. In Japan, the history of traditional sinology predates Europe, tracing back to the Asuka period (7th century); from the late 19th century to the mid-20th century, professional sinology emerged in Japan. After the Second World War, European and American scholars took modern and contemporary Chinese history, culture, and society as their main research objects, broadening the research field of “Chinese studies.” Since reform and opening up, countries around the world have paid more attention to China’s economy, society, politics, culture and other fields. The development of Chinese studies has become increasingly diversified and large-scale, and research results have become richer.

中国学研究历史悠久。早在16世纪，传教士入华，欧洲就开始关注中国古代文化和经典文献，兴起“汉学”研究。在日本，传统汉学的历史早于欧洲，可追溯至飞鸟时代(7世纪);19世纪末至20世纪中叶，专业汉学在日本兴起。第二次世界大战后，欧美学者以现当代中国的历史、文化、社会为主要研究对象，拓宽了“中国学”的研究领域。改革开放以来，世界各国对中国的经济、社会、政治、文化等领域更加关注，中国学的发展日益多元化、规模化，研究成果也更加丰富。

Chinese scholars’ attention to and research on Chinese studies began in the late Qing dynasty and has a history of over a hundred years. Because Chinese studies literature possesses unique political, cultural, social and academic value, it has gradually become a special collection of key concern to libraries. Since the 1920s, the National Library has attached importance to the collection and organization of Chinese studies literature. Over more than a century, it has accumulated rich special resources and research results. After reform and opening up, in 1984 the Reference Research Department of the Beijing Library began discussing the establishment of “a special research office on China,” to “form a relatively authoritative consultation center for Chinese studies literature.” In 1991, the Chinese Studies Literature Research Office was formally established, the first research institution with Chinese studies as its theme in the history of the National Library. In July 2008, the National Library established the Center for the Study of Overseas Chinese Studies Literature. Its service targets mainly include: national legislative and decision-making bodies and relevant departments, Chinese studies researchers and research institutions within China, and overseas Chinese studies research institutions and East Asian libraries of university libraries. On September 9, 2009, the reading room of the Center for the Study of Overseas Chinese Studies Literature held an unveiling ceremony and opened to the public, marking the opening of a new chapter for the National Library in the field of Chinese studies literature research and service. Professor Yan Shaodang of the Department of Chinese Language and Literature at Peking University believes that “this center provides researchers with a base of original texts, enabling domestic Chinese studies research to take a big step forward.” With the opening of the reading room of the Center for the Study of Overseas Chinese Studies Literature, the service targets expanded to include the general readership. After more than ten years of development, the Center for the Study of Chinese Studies Literature has formed a three-dimensional business development pattern integrating reading services, consultation services, literature research, website construction, lectures and publications, scientific research collaboration, and foreign exchanges.

中国学人对中国学的关注和研究始于晚清，至今已有百余年的历史，而中国学文献因具有独特的政治价值、文化价值、社会价值和学术价值，逐渐成为图书馆重点关注的特色馆藏。国家图书馆自20世纪20年代起就重视中国学文献的搜集整理，百余年来，积累了丰富的特色资源和研究成果。改革开放后，1984年北京图书馆参考研究部开始讨论成立“一个有关中国的专题研究室”,“形成一个比较有权威的中国学文献的咨询中心”,1991年，中国学文献研究室正式成立，这是国家图书馆历史上第一个以中国学为主题的研究机构。2008年7月，国家图书馆成立海外中国学文献研究中心，其服务对象主要包括：国家立法与决策机构及相关部门、中国国内的中国学研究者及研究机构、国外的中国学研究机构和大学图书馆的东亚图书馆。2009年9月9日，海外中国学文献中心阅览室举行揭牌仪式并对外开放，标志着国家图书馆在中国学文献研究与服务领域开启了崭新篇章。北京大学中国语言文学系教授严绍璗认为，“该中心为研究者提供了一个原典文献的基地，使国内中国学研究向前跨了一大步。”随着海外中国学文献中心阅览室开放，服务对象扩展至广大读者。经过十余年发展，中国学文献研究中心形成了集阅览服务、咨询服务、文献研究、网站建设、讲座出版、科研协作、对外交流于一体的立体化业务发展格局。

In the process of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and in the important historical period of “the accelerated evolution of changes unseen in a century,” strengthening the collection, organization, research and utilization of Chinese studies literature has epoch-making significance. On May 17, 2016, General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed at the Symposium on Philosophy and Social Sciences to “support and encourage the establishment of overseas Chinese academic research centers,” and to “strengthen exchanges between domestic and foreign think tanks and promote overseas Chinese studies research.” On November 24, 2023, President Xi Jinping sent a congratulatory letter to the World Conference on Chinese Studies · Shanghai Forum, profoundly elucidating the important significance of Chinese studies research, expressing the earnest hope that “experts and scholars from various countries should be envoys for integrating Chinese and foreign civilizations,” and proposing that world Chinese studies research can “promote exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations, injecting intellectual and cultural strength into the flourishing garden of world civilizations.” This pointed the direction for world Chinese studies research and also set clear tasks and goals for the library’s collection, organization, research and utilization of Chinese studies literature.

在实现中华民族伟大复兴的进程中，在“世界百年未有之大变局加速演进”的重要历史时期，加强中国学文献的收集整理和研究利用更具有划时代的意义。2016年5月17日，习近平总书记在哲学社会科学工作座谈会上提出“支持和鼓励建立海外中国学术研究中心”,“加强国内外智库交流，推动海外中国学研究”;2023年11月24日，习近平主席向世界中国学大会·上海论坛致贺信，深刻阐明了中国学研究的重要意义，表达了对“各国专家学者当融通中外文明的使者”的殷切期望，提出世界中国学研究可“推动文明交流互鉴，为繁荣世界文明百花园注入思想和文化力量”,为世界的中国学研究指明了方向，也为图书馆中国学文献搜集整理和研究利用提出了明确的任务和目标。

Since 2011, the Center for the Study of Chinese Studies Literature has placed greater emphasis on the organization and utilization of overseas China issue research materials, reflecting the new planning objectives of the National Library, namely transitioning from Chinese studies, which mainly focuses on academic research, to China issues, which mainly focuses on practical research. Looking to the future, the construction of the Center for the Study of Chinese Studies Literature is positioned as “one repository, three centers,” namely the General Repository of Chinese Studies, the Academic Research Center, the Decision-Making Reference Center, and the Cultural Exchange Center. It aims to provide think tank support for national policy formulation, provide literature guarantees for Chinese studies researchers, provide information services for the public to understand the world, provide a platform for mutual learning in cultural and civilizational exchanges, help enhance the national cultural soft power and the international influence of Chinese culture, and promote cultural confidence and self-strengthening and the building of a socialist cultural power.

2011年以来，中国学文献研究中心更加重视海外中国问题研究资料的整理和利用，体现出国家图书馆新的规划目标，即从以学术性研究为主的中国学过渡到以现实性研究为主的中国问题。面向未来，中国学文献研究中心建设定位于“一库三中心”,即中国学总书库、学术研究中心、决策参考中心、文化交流中心，旨在为国家政策制定提供智库支持，为中国学研究者提供文献保障，为国民了解世界提供资讯服务，为文明文化交流提供互鉴平台，助力提升国家文化软实力和中华文化国际影响力，推进文化自信自强和社会主义文化强国建设。

1 The Cultural Power Strategy and the Mission of the Library

1 文化强国战略与图书馆的使命

Building a socialist cultural power is the foundational support for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. In October 2020, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Party [n1] clearly set the goal of building China into a cultural power by 2035. In October 2022, the report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC [n2] listed building a socialist cultural power as one of the overall goals of national development, while also proposing to “enhance the dissemination power and influence of Chinese civilization” and “deepen exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations to better promote Chinese culture to the world.”

建设社会主义文化强国是实现中华民族伟大复兴的基础支撑。2020年10月，党的十九届五中全会明确提出到2035年建成文化强国的目标。2022年10月，党的二十大报告将建设社会主义文化强国列为国家发展总体目标之一，同时提出“增强中华文明传播力影响力”,“深化文明交流互鉴，推动中华文化更好走向世界”。

The cultural power strategy is the theoretical foundation and practical guide for libraries in the New Era to actively exert their social functions and vigorously open up new situations. As the backbone of the national public cultural institutions, libraries should make due contributions to the building of a socialist cultural power.

文化强国战略是新时代图书馆积极发挥社会功能、大力开拓创新局面的理论基础和实践指引。图书馆作为国家公共文化机构的中坚力量，应在社会主义文化强国建设中做出应有贡献。

(1) Inheriting Chinese civilization and disseminating excellent culture.

(1)传承中华文明、传播优秀文化。

China has a long history and profound cultural heritage. Building a cultural power is first embodied in carrying forward the past and opening up the future, ensuring the orderly inheritance of Chinese civilization and the continuous development of excellent culture. As a symbol of civilization and a cultural hub, the library should undertake the mission of guarding and inheriting Chinese civilization, retelling the historical memory of Chinese culture, and promoting the dissemination and promotion of excellent traditional culture. At the same time, it should draw wisdom and strength from China’s excellent traditional culture, and build, preserve and pass on the modern civilization of the Chinese nation.

中国历史悠久、文化底蕴深厚，建设文化强国首先体现在承前启后，使中华文明传承有序、优秀文化不断发扬。作为文明标志、文化枢纽的图书馆，应当承担起守护和传承中华文明的使命，重述中国文化的历史记忆，促进优秀传统文化的传播和弘扬。同时，从中华优秀传统文化中汲取智慧和力量，建设、保存并传承中华民族现代文明。

(2) Promoting cultural innovation and stimulating cultural vitality.

(2)促进文化创新、激发文化活力。

Against the backdrop of the new era, libraries should undertake the mission of supporting the construction of socialist culture, fully promote cultural innovation, stimulate cultural vitality, drive cultural prosperity, provide knowledge support for scientific research and educational development, and provide information resources for cultural innovation. Libraries should also actively and rationally adopt emerging technological means such as artificial intelligence, big data, and cloud services, promote the digital transformation and intelligent development of cultural undertakings, and research and develop new technologies, new platforms, new rules, and new models that meet the needs of public culture, scientific research and education, and external dissemination.

在新的时代背景下，图书馆应承担起支撑社会主义文化建设的使命，全力促进文化创新，激发文化活力，推动文化繁荣，为科研、教育发展提供知识支撑，为文化创新提供信息资源。图书馆还应积极并理性采用人工智能、大数据、云服务等新兴技术手段，推动文化事业的数字化转型和智慧化发展，研究和打造满足公共文化需求、科研教育需求和对外传播需求的新技术、新平台、新规则、新模式。

(3) Cultivating cultural confidence and promoting core values.

(3)培育文化自信、弘扬核心价值。

“The library is an important indicator of a country’s cultural development level and an important place for nourishing the national soul and cultivating cultural confidence.” [n3] Libraries should adhere to correct political guidance to lead the direction of national cultural development. Through professional library knowledge, they should continuously improve and expand public cultural services, meet the spiritual and cultural needs of the people, enhance the cultural literacy of the nation, help cultivate the cultural confidence of the Chinese nation, vigorously promote the core socialist values in the process of cultural development, and make due contributions to building a socialist cultural power.

“图书馆是国家文化发展水平的重要标志，是滋养民族心灵、培育文化自信的重要场所。”图书馆应坚持以正确的政治导向引领国家文化事业发展的方向，通过图书馆专业知识，不断完善与拓展公共文化服务，满足人民群众精神文化需求、提升国民文化素养，助力中华民族文化自信的培育，在文化事业发展进程中大力弘扬社会主义核心价值观，为建设社会主义文化强国做出应有贡献。

(4) Strengthening foreign exchanges and promoting mutual learning among civilizations.

(4)加强对外交流、推动文明互鉴。

“Civilizations become colorful through exchange, and civilizations become rich through mutual learning.” A truly confident and self-strengthening culture comes from its open and inclusive attitude, and from dialogue and mutual learning with world civilizations. Today, as China approaches the center of the world stage as never before, the library, as a window for foreign cultural exchange, should even more undertake the mission of Chinese cultural exchange and dissemination with foreign countries. Based on the excellent cultural achievements of the Chinese nation, it should actively exchange and dialogue with the ethnic groups and civilizations of the world, make China’s voice heard on the world stage, establish a true and comprehensive image of China, and help enhance the national cultural soft power and the influence of Chinese culture.

“文明因交流而多彩，文明因互鉴而丰富。”真正自信、自强的文化，来自其开放包容的心态，来自与世界文明的对话与互鉴。在中国前所未有地靠近世界舞台中心的今天，图书馆作为对外文化交流的窗口，更应承担起中国文化对外交流与传播的使命。立足于中华民族优秀文化成果，与世界各民族、各文明积极交流与对话，在世界舞台发出中国声音，树立真实而全面的中国形象，助力提升国家文化软实力和中华文化影响力。

Libraries are institutions that collect, organize, preserve, and transmit human culture and memory, and they also serve as important windows and platforms for cultural exchange and mutual learning among the world’s nations. Chinese studies documentation records the research and understanding of various countries regarding China’s history, culture, society, economy, and other aspects, and it also constitutes important primary-source material and raw data for China’s own understanding of the world. Over the past century and more, the National Library of China has achieved fruitful results in the collection, organization, research, and utilization of Chinese studies documentation, gaining widespread social attention. Looking to the future, the Chinese Studies Documentation Center will continue to develop and deepen its work around the “one repository, three centers” [n4] framework, striving to expand the breadth of Chinese studies documentation collection and organization as well as the depth of its research and utilization. It will form a distinctive domain of Sino-foreign cultural exchange centered on the theme of Chinese studies, thereby constructing a new-era Chinese studies.

图书馆是搜集、整理、保护、传承人类文化和记忆的机构，也是世界各国之间文化交流、文明互鉴的重要窗口和平台。中国学文献记录了世界各国对中国历史、文化、社会、经济等各方面的研究和认知，也是中国了解世界的重要一手资料和素材。百余年来，国家图书馆中国学文献的搜集整理和研究利用取得了丰硕的成果，获得社会的广泛关注。面向未来，中国学文献研究中心围绕“一库三中心”不断发展和深化，努力拓展中国学文献收集整理的广度及研究利用的深度，将围绕中国学主题形成中外文化交流的特色领域，构建新时代的中国学。

2 Achievements in the Collection, Organization, and Research of Chinese Studies Documentation at the National Library of China

2 国家图书馆中国学文献搜集整理研究的成就

(1) The construction of a relatively complete collection system for Chinese studies documentation

(1)构建起较为完备的中国学文献收藏体系

As early as the 1920s, the National Peiping Library began systematically collecting Chinese studies documentation, which gradually became a distinctive part of its holdings. This was inseparable from the foresight of Director Yuan Tongli. In 1931, in his article “The Mission of the National Peiping Library,” he wrote: “We spare no effort in collecting ancient and modern masterpieces, and we are especially unremitting in our pursuit of so-called Oriental studies books, so that they may be consulted by those who speak of border defense, study statecraft, and pay attention to scholarship.” Guided by this principle, the National Peiping Library at that time systematically acquired the collections of W. W. Rockhill, G. Bouillard, P. G. von Möllendorff, W. N. Pethick, and the Seta Maria Oriental Library, thereby laying the foundation for today’s Chinese studies documentation holdings.

20世纪20年代，国立北平图书馆就开始系统收藏中国学文献，并逐渐成为特色馆藏，这与袁同礼馆长的远见卓识密不可分。1931年他在《国立北平图书馆之使命》一文中提出，“古今名著极意搜罗，而于所谓东方学书籍之探求，尤为不遗余力，以为言边防、治国闻、留心学术者之览观焉。”在这一原则的指导下，当时国立北平图书馆系统收入罗斯藏书、普意雅藏书、穆麟德藏书、毕德格藏书、塞达·玛利亚东方学旧藏等，构筑起今日中国学文献馆藏的基础。

In the early years after the founding of New China, the Beijing Library obtained Chinese studies documentation through book and periodical exchanges with countries around the world. By the end of 1965, it had established exchange relations with 127 countries and 3,389 institutions. During the same period, the Beijing Library received the “Pei-t’ang” collection, which included many important Chinese studies documents. After reform and opening up, the National Library of China revised its acquisition regulations multiple times, strengthening the procurement of Chinese studies documentation. The scope of procurement was no longer limited to traditional printed documents but was extended to microform documents, electronic publications, online resources, foreign-language databases, and other document types. In the 1990s, through various channels (procurement, donations, exchanges), the library systematically supplemented its Chinese studies book holdings. It acquired microfiche copies of *Western Books on China Published before 1850*, which included 654 titles in 22 categories, covering encyclopedic works, bibliographies, geography, travelogues, history, international relations, economic affairs, Chinese society, Chinese philosophy, education, religion, language, literature, art, science, handicrafts, and Hong Kong. It also acquired microfiche copies of *China and the Christian Missionaries: A Collection of Early Chinese Writings by Missionaries*, which included 708 titles in 10 categories, covering social sciences, science and technology, physiology and medicine, history and geography, humanities, ritual works, church history and biography, and more. It also supplemented its holdings with important works such as *The Cambridge History of China* and *Science and Civilisation in China*. In 2001, the National Library established business ties with the Irish antiquarian bookstore Kennys Bookshops & Art Galleries Ltd., supplementing a large number of previously missing Chinese studies books. The Chinese studies documentation acquired through these efforts filled gaps in the holdings of Western-language rare books and early Western-language books in domestic libraries, providing documentary support for historians and Chinese studies researchers.

新中国成立之初，北京图书馆通过与世界各国开展书刊交换获得中国学文献，到1965年底，共与127个国家、3389个单位建立了交换关系。同一时期，北京图书馆接受了“北堂”藏书，其中包括许多重要的中国学文献。改革开放后，国家图书馆曾多次修订采选条例，加强对中国学文献的采访。采访范围不再仅限于传统的印刷型文献，更扩展至缩微文献、电子出版物、网络资源、外文数据库等文献类型。1990年代通过各种途径(采访、赠送、交换)系统补订中国学图书。补藏《1850年前出版的有关中国的西文图书》的缩微平片，包括图书654种，分22类，涉及百科类图书、文献目录以及地理、游记、历史、国际关系、经济事务、中国社会、中国哲学、教育、宗教、语言、文学、艺术、科学、手工业和香港等主题;补藏《中国与基督教传教士——早期传教士汉语著作集》的缩微平片，收入19世纪至20世纪早期传教士在广州、澳门、福州、上海等地教会出版社出版的汉语著作，共有708种，分10类，包括社会科学、科学和技术、生理学和医学、历史和地理、人文、礼仪著作、教会史和传记等;还补藏《剑桥中国史》(The Cambridge History of China)和《中国科学技术史》(Science and Civilisation in China)等重要文献。2001年，国家图书馆与爱尔兰旧书店肯尼书店(Kennys Bookshops & Art Galleries Ltd.)建立业务联系，补充了大量缺藏的中国学图书。以上入藏的中国学文献补充了国内各图书馆西文善本书、西文古籍书收藏的不足，给广大史学研究者和中国学研究者提供了文献保障。

Through the persistent and unremitting efforts of several generations in collecting and procuring materials, the Chinese studies documentation collection now formed at the National Library of China has become a resplendent treasure house of knowledge. As of the end of 2024, the library holds more than 150,000 titles of Chinese studies books. In addition to traditional paper books, over a thousand titles from before the 20th century have been acquired in microfilm format. These documents themselves constitute vivid historical records, chronicling the evolution of scholars’ understanding and research on China from different countries and cultural backgrounds. The languages involved in these books are rich and diverse, numbering more than 90, each carrying unique cultural connotations and modes of thinking in the study of China. The fields covered have gradually expanded from the traditional humanities—such as Chinese language, literature, and art—to the social sciences—such as politics, economics, and diplomacy—and even to the natural sciences, including mathematics, industry, and medicine. This interdisciplinary and cross-cultural collection provides a multi-dimensional perspective for a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of China’s image and position on the world stage.

经过几代人持之以恒、不遗余力地搜采，如今形成的国家图书馆中国学文献专藏，已然成为一座熠熠生辉的知识宝库。截至2024年底，馆藏中国学图书数量多达15万余种，除传统纸质图书外，千余种20世纪之前的图书以缩微胶片的形式入藏。这些文献本身就是一部部生动的史书，记录着不同国家、不同文化背景下的学者对中国认知与研究的演变历程。这些图书所涉及的语言丰富多样，多达90余种，每一种语言都承载着对中国研究独特的文化内涵和思维方式。所涵盖的领域从研究中国传统的语言、文学、艺术等人文学科，逐步扩展到政治、经济、外交等社会学科，乃至数学、工业、医学等自然科学。这种跨学科、跨文化的收藏，为我们全面、深入地了解中国在世界舞台上的形象与地位提供了多维度视角。

Foreign-language periodicals with Chinese studies as their theme are another highlight of the collection, numbering over 200 titles, with the earliest dating back to the *Journal Asiatique* of 1822. Among them, more than 130 periodicals have been published continuously since the 19th century, reflecting the latest research findings and profound insights on China from different eras. These periodicals not only have a long history but also maintain good continuity and completeness, recording the developmental脉络 of Chinese studies and providing precious and systematic materials for scholars engaged in Chinese studies research.

以中国学为主题的外文期刊亦是馆藏的一大亮点，数量超过200种，最早的期刊可追溯至1822年的《亚洲学报》(Journal Asiatique)。其中，有130余种期刊自19世纪起便持续出版，反映了不同时代对中国研究的最新成果与深刻见解。这些期刊不仅历史悠久，而且保持着良好的连续性与完整性，记录着中国学研究的发展脉络，为研究中国学的学者提供了珍贵且系统的资料。

The National Library has also procured six thematic databases focused on the field of Chinese studies, covering three archival databases, one newspaper database, one periodical database, and one historical materials database, all of which have been stored locally. The full text of the documents in these six databases can be downloaded, with a time span from the mid-to-late 18th century to the 1980s. The Center has also self-built a think tank report thematic database and a website for the Overseas China Studies Research Materials Center. The former focuses on aggregating research results on China from overseas think tanks, while the latter not only comprehensively reveals Chinese studies-related documents but also systematically collects information on professional institutions and renowned experts and scholars abroad who study China, achieving an organic integration and unified presentation of institutions, individuals, and documents.

国家图书馆还采购了六个聚焦中国学领域的专题数据库，涵盖三个档案库、一个报纸库、一个期刊库以及一个史料数据库，并都实现了本地保存。这六大数据库的文献内容均可全文下载，时间跨度从18世纪中后期至20世纪80年代。中心还自建智库报告专题数据库与海外中国问题研究资料中心网站，前者专注于汇聚海外智库涉华研究成果，后者不仅全面揭示中国学相关文献，还系统收集国外研究中国的专业机构以及知名专家学者的信息，实现了机构、人物与文献的有机融合与统一呈现。

Based on these rich and precious collection resources, the National Library of China has gradually constructed a Chinese studies documentation collection system characterized by diverse types, complete language coverage, and comprehensive disciplines. This system features distinct characteristics such as completeness of holdings, diversity of languages, richness of the book collection, continuity of periodicals, complementarity of documents, and targeted construction. This collection system is not only an important cornerstone for Chinese studies research but also a cultural bridge connecting the past, present, and future. It provides a platform for domestic and international scholars to conduct comprehensive, in-depth, and systematic research on Chinese studies, allowing them to draw on the nourishment of knowledge here, spark intellectual exchanges, and continuously push Chinese studies research to new heights.

基于这些丰富而珍贵的馆藏资源，国家图书馆逐步构建起类型多样、语种齐全、学科完备的中国学文献馆藏体系，具有收藏的完备性、语种的多样性、藏书的宏富性、报刊的连续性、文献的互补性、建设的针对性等鲜明特点。这一藏书体系不仅是中国学研究的重要基石，更是连接过去、现在与未来的文化桥梁。它为国内外学者提供了一个全面、深入、系统地研究中国学的平台，让他们能够在这里汲取知识的养分，碰撞出思想的火花，推动中国学研究不断迈向新的高度。

(2) The formation of a series of research achievements with broad influence

(2)形成具有广泛影响力的系列研究成果

Over the past century and more, the National Library of China’s compilation and research of Chinese studies literature has displayed distinctive features. First, it has compiled scholarly reference works centered on bibliographies. During the Republican period, the National Peking Library compiled and edited foreign-language bibliographies related to Chinese studies. These fell mainly into four types: first, comprehensive bibliographies of Chinese studies compiled jointly with other libraries, such as the *Union Catalogue of Books on Chinese Questions in Peking Libraries* (1928). Second, bibliographies of the library’s own Western-language holdings, such as the *Catalogue of New Western-Language Books* published every two months from January 1930 onward, and the *Catalogue of Western-Language Books on Library Science in the Library’s Collection* and the *Classified Catalogue of Western-Language Works on Chinese Questions in the Library’s Collection* published in the 1935–1936 fiscal year, the latter containing 6,000 titles. Third, thematic bibliographies focused on border regions and international relations, such as the *Annotated Bibliography of Works on Xinjiang* (1936) and *Japan’s Aggression against China and International Opinion* (1938). Fourth, integrated bibliographies of translated foreign scholarly essays on Chinese studies, as well as survey catalogues of ancient texts lost overseas, such as the *Essential Bibliography of Papers on Oriental History* (1933), the *Annotated Bibliography of Chinese Fiction Titles Seen in the Libraries of Tokyo and Dalian* (1932), and the *Illustrated Catalogue of Chinese Bronzes Held Overseas* (1946). These bibliographies greatly facilitated scholarly access and use and remain valuable references to this day.

百余年来，国家图书馆中国学文献整理和研究具有鲜明的特色。首先，编纂以书目为核心的学术工具书。民国时期，国立北平图书馆整理编纂有关中国研究的外文书目。主要有四种类型：一是联合其他图书馆编纂综合性中国学书目，如《北平各图书馆所藏关于中国问题书籍联合目录》(1928年)。二是编纂本馆的西文书目，如1930年1月起，每两个月出版《新增西文书目录》一册；1935至1936年度出版的《馆藏图书馆西文书目》和《馆藏中国问题西籍分类目录》,其中后一目录收录书籍6000种。三是编纂以边疆和国际关系为主题的专题性书目，如《新疆书目解题》(1936年)、《暴日侵华与国际舆论》(1938年)。四是编译国外中国研究学术论文的整合性书目，以及流失海外古籍的调查目录，如《东洋史论文要目》(1933年)和《日本东京及大连图书馆所见中国小说书目提要》(1932年)、《海外中国铜器图录》(1946年)。这些书目极大地便利学界的查阅和利用，至今仍具有重要参考价值。

It should be emphasized that Director Yuan Tongli consistently attached importance to the collection and compilation of Sinological literature and organized staff to compile bibliographies of the library’s Sinological holdings, such as the aforementioned *Classified Catalogue of Western-Language Works on Chinese Questions in the Library’s Collection* published in 1935–1936, which included 6,000 titles. Yuan Tongli himself also engaged in research on Western Sinological bibliography and documentation, compiling a series of Sinological bibliographies. The most influential of these was the *Bibliography of Western-Language Works on China* published in 1958, which included 18,000 titles of research literature on China in English, French, and German (along with some Portuguese works on Macau) published between 1921 and 1957. This work was a continuation of the earlier *Bibliotheca Sinica* by Henri Cordier of France. Following the *Bibliography of Western-Language Works on China*, he compiled several more Sinological bibliographies, including: *Bibliography of Works on the Economic and Social History of China* (1956); *Bibliography of Research Literature on Xinjiang: 1886–1962*; *Bibliography of Modern Chinese Mathematical Research (1918–1960)*; *Bibliography of Western-Language Works by Hu Shih*; *Catalogue of Chinese Music Scores and Books*; *Bibliography of Doctoral Dissertations by Chinese Students in the United States (1906–1960)*; *Bibliography of Doctoral Dissertations by Chinese Students in the United Kingdom (1916–1961)*; *Bibliography of Doctoral Dissertations by Chinese Students in Continental Europe (1907–1962)*; *Bibliography of Russian-Language Works on China, 1918–1958*; *Bibliography of Russian-Language Works on China in American Libraries, 1918–1960*; and *Western-Language Bibliography of Chinese Art and Archaeology*.

需要重点说明的是，袁同礼馆长一直重视汉学文献的搜集和整理，并组织人员编纂馆藏汉学书目，如上文提到的1935至1936年出版的《馆藏中国问题西籍分类目录》,收录图书6000种。袁同礼本人也从事西方汉学文献学和目录学研究，整理编纂系列汉学文献目录，其中最有影响的是1958年出版的《西文汉学书目》,收录1921至1957年英、法、德文(另有一些研究澳门的葡萄牙文)有关中国研究文献1.8万种，该书是对此前法国考狄出版的《汉学书目》的接续。继《西文汉学书目》之后，他又编纂多部汉学书目，分别是《中国经济社会发展史目录》(1956年)、《新疆研究文献目录： 1886—1962》、《现代中国数学研究目录(1918—1960)》、《胡适先生西文著作目录》、《中国音乐书谱目录》、《中国留美同学博士论文目录(1906—1960)》、《中国留英同学博士论文目录(1916—1961)》、《中国留学欧洲大陆各国博士论文目录(1907—1962)》、《俄文汉学书目，1918—1958》、《美国图书馆藏俄文汉学书目，1918—1960》、《中国艺术考古西文目录》。

After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, in 1957 the Reference Department of the Beijing Library compiled the *Catalogue of Western-Language Works on China in the Library’s Collection*, systematically organizing the library’s Western-language books on Chinese studies to provide bibliographic support for document use and academic research. In the 1950s and 1960s, the Beijing Library successively compiled the *Catalogue of Western-Language Works on the Sino-Vietnamese and Sino-Korean Borders in the Library’s Collection (Including Treaties and Maps)* and the *Catalogue of Japanese-Language Works on the Sino-Soviet and Sino-Korean Borders in the Library’s Collection* to serve contemporary political needs. In the early 1980s, the Beijing Library’s Reference and Research Department collaborated with the “Foreign Chinese Studies Research Office” of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences to publish the *Index of Bibliographies on Foreign Research on Chinese Questions: 1977–1978*, which included important essays and books on China from foreign-language periodicals and books. In the 1980s and 1990s, Zhou Xun of the Beijing Library’s Reference and Research Department was responsible for the “Survey of Chinese Studies Literature Resources” project, publishing *On Ancient China: Bibliography of Japanese-Language Literature, 1965–1980*. Since the establishment of the Center for the Study of Chinese Studies Literature, it has meticulously planned, compiled, and published a series of research outputs centered on bibliographic reference works. These include the *Selected Abstracts of Foreign Works on Chinese Studies* (2012, 2013, 2014, 2015–2020), which systematically includes foreign-language books on Chinese studies first published each year; the *Chinese-Language Bibliography of Overseas Chinese Studies: 1978–2018* (published in 2022), which comprehensively covers the state of Chinese-language books on Chinese studies over the 40 years of reform and opening up, described by Professor Zhang Xiping as an “authoritative, reliable, and useful” catalogue; and the *Year

新中国成立后，1957年北京图书馆参考组编纂《馆藏西文有关中国目录》,对馆藏西文中国研究的图书进行系统梳理，为文献利用和学术研究提供文献参考。50—60年代，北京图书馆先后编制《馆藏西文有关中越、中朝边界书目(附条约、地图)》和《馆藏日文有关中苏、中朝边界书目》,以服务时政需要。80年代初，北京图书馆参考研究部和中国社会科学院“国外中国学研究室”合作编纂出版《国外研究中国问题书目索引：1977—1978》,收录外文书刊中有关中国研究的重要论文与书籍。80—90年代北京图书馆参考研究部周迅负责《中国学文献资源调查》项目，出版《论古代中国：1965—1980年日文文献目录》。中国学文献研究中心成立以来，精心策划、编纂并出版系列以书目工具书为核心的研究成果。《国外中国研究著作选目提要》(2012、2013、2014、2015—2020),系统收录各年度首次正式出版的海外中国学图书；《海外中国研究中文书目：1978—2018》(2022年出版)全面收录改革开放40年来中文中国学图书的研究状况，被张西平教授称为“权威、可信、有用”的目录;《海外中国研究年鉴·2021》(2025年出版)是第一部以年鉴形式整理海外中国研究的成果。这些成果为学界提供精准、专业、个性化的支持，满足了学者在专题研究方面的多样化需求。

Second, establishing an academic journal with the theme of Chinese studies. Director Ren Jiyu placed great importance on the collection, collation, and research of Chinese studies literature. In 1991 he began planning, and in 1995 he edited and published the academic journal in the field of Chinese studies — *International Sinology*. Director Ren Jiyu personally wrote the "Opening Remarks," expressing the hope that "*International Sinology* will explore the emergence, development, and transformation of Chinese culture on a global scale, trace the spread of Chinese culture abroad and its influence, and promote exchanges between Chinese culture and world cultures." Under the guidance of Director Ren Jiyu, Zhang Xiping was specifically responsible for the journal's topic planning, expert manuscript solicitation, and other work, proposing through *International Sinology* to "promote the exchange and integration of Chinese culture with the cultures of countries around the world, carry forward Chinese culture, and open up new horizons for sinological research." The first issue of *International Sinology* featured main columns such as New Explorations in Literature and History, Sinologists Page, Chinese Culture in the World, Dunhuang Studies Research, History of Sino-Western Cultural Exchange, Religion and Culture, New Archaeological Compilations, Reflections on Recent Thought, Progress in Sinological Research, History of Sinological Development, Introduction to Sinological Research Institutions, and Book Reviews. Following Zhang Xiping's job transfer, the second volume of *International Sinology*, published in 1998, was hosted by Beijing Foreign Studies University. Director Ren Jiyu continued to serve as editor-in-chief; "he not only reviewed each volume's manuscripts but also wrote articles for the journal," and was "the true soul of *International Sinology*." In 2007, Director Ren Jiyu proposed stepping down as editor-in-chief of *International Sinology*, with Professor Zhang Xiping taking over. In 2008, Director Ren Jiyu wrote to the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee, suggesting that *International Sinology* be converted into an official publication. In 2014, on the 200th anniversary of the founding of Western sinology, *International Sinology* obtained an official publication number. After thirty years of fruitful labor, under the continued cultivation of Professor Zhang Xiping, *International Sinology* has always adhered to its academic original aspiration and has now become an important platform for exchange, communication, and cooperation in the field of international sinology, as well as an important academic bastion for the study of international Chinese culture both at home and abroad.

其次，创立以中国学为主题的学术辑刊。任继愈馆长重视中国学文献的搜集、整理和研究，1991年开始策划、1995年主编出版中国学领域的学术辑刊——《国际汉学》。任继愈馆长亲自撰写“开卷语”,提出期望：“《国际汉学》将在世界范围内探究中国文化的产生、发展与嬗变，寻踪中国文化的外传及其影响，推动中国文化与世界文化的交流。”在任继愈馆长指导下，张西平具体负责期刊的选题策划、专家组稿等工作，提出通过《国际汉学》“推动中国文化与世界各国文化的交流与融合，弘扬中华文化，开辟汉学研究的新天地”。《国际汉学》第一期主要栏目有文史新探、汉学家专页、中国文化在世界、敦煌学研究、中西文化交流史、宗教与文化、考古新编、近思录、汉学研究进展、汉学发展史、汉学研究机构介绍、图书评介等。随着张西平工作调动，1998年出版的《国际汉学》第二辑由北京外国语大学主办，任继愈馆长一直担任主编，“他不仅仅审阅每辑稿件，还为杂志写稿”,“是《国际汉学》真正的灵魂”。2007年任继愈馆长提出不再担任《国际汉学》的主编，由张西平教授接替。2008年任继愈馆长致信中宣部，建议将《国际汉学》改为正式刊物，2014年在西方汉学创立200周年之际，《国际汉学》获得正式刊号。三十载春华秋实，在张西平教授的接续耕耘下，《国际汉学》始终秉持学术初心，现已成为国际汉学领域交流、沟通、合作的重要平台，成为国内外研究国际中国文化的重要学术阵地。

Finally, other collation and research achievements. In the 1980s, Wang Lina devoted herself to the study of the history of Western sinology, collating the bibliography of sinological works in Western languages held by the Beijing Library. In 1988 she published *Masterpieces of Chinese Classical Fiction and Drama Abroad*, providing comprehensive and systematic materials for domestic scholars to understand the dissemination of Chinese classical fiction and drama overseas. In 2023, the ten-volume *Compilation of Research Documents on the Western Translation and Introduction of Chinese Opera*, edited by Liao Linda, was published, inheriting and developing the National Library's tradition of overseas Chinese opera research. In 2025, Yin Hanchao's *The National Library and Chinese Studies: 1909–1949* was published, comprehensively elucidating the unique position of the National Library within China's modern academic system and the development of Chinese studies.

最后，其他整理研究成果。20世纪80年代，王丽娜致力于西方汉学史的研究，整理北京图书馆所藏西文汉学书目，1988年出版《中国古典小说戏曲名著在国外》,为国内学者了解中国古典小说戏曲在海外的传播情况提供了全面而系统的资料；2023年廖琳达主编的十辑《中国戏曲西方译介研究文献汇编》出版，是对国家图书馆海外中国戏曲研究传统的继承与发扬；2025年尹汉超撰写的《国家图书馆与中国学：1909—1949》出版，全面阐释国家图书馆在中国现代学术体系与中国学发展中的独特地位。

(3) Relying on think tank empowerment to stimulate the potential of decision-making reference services

(3)依托智库赋能，激发决策参考服务潜能

Providing documentary information support and guarantee services for national legislative and decision-making bodies is an important responsibility of the National Library of China. As early as the period of the National Library of Peking, “bibliographies on major issues for responding to government inquiries” were listed as a category of important reference services. In 1933, after the “Nine Islets” incident[n], Yuan Tongli provided the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Nationalist Government with the library’s collection of the “British War Office’s Recently Printed Map of the Malay Archipelago,” attaching a letter explaining that this map “in the names of each small islet sufficiently proves that the nine coral islets are Chinese territory,” thereby serving as historical evidence for safeguarding the sovereignty of the South China Sea islands. This provided strong support for defending the nation’s territorial integrity and demonstrated the library’s sense of responsibility and mission. In the early days of the founding of New China, to resolve historical border issues left over with some neighboring countries and to cooperate with boundary negotiation work, the Beijing Library successively compiled a large number of thematic information resources, such as the *Bibliography of Western-Language Works on the Sino-Vietnamese and Sino-Korean Borders (with Appendices of Treaties and Maps)* and the *Bibliography of Japanese-Language Works on the Sino-Soviet and Sino-Korean Borders*, to serve the needs of safeguarding national territory and foreign affairs.

为国家立法和决策机构提供文献信息支持和保障服务，是国家图书馆的重要职责。早在国立北平图书馆时期，就将“关于答复政府咨询之主要问题书目”列为重要文献咨询服务的一个类别。1933年，“九小岛”事件发生后，袁同礼为国民政府外交部提供馆藏“英国陆军部近印马来群岛地图”,并附函说明此图“在各小岛名称上足资证明珊瑚九岛为中国领土”,以此作为维护南海诸岛主权的史料依据，为捍卫国家领土完整提供了强有力的支持，彰显出图书馆的责任感和使命感。新中国成立之初，为解决与部分周边国家历史遗留的边界问题，配合勘界谈判，北京图书馆先后编制《馆藏西文有关中越、中朝边界书目(附条约、地图)》《馆藏日文有关中苏、中朝边界书目》等大量专题信息，以服务于维护国家领土和外交事务的需要。

As an important operational unit of the National Library’s Legislative and Decision-Making Services Department, the Center for Chinese Studies Documentation has always maintained a high degree of sensitivity and professionalism, closely tracking hot trends and cutting-edge developments in overseas research on China. In August 2021, the National Library was formally established as one of the first batch of pilot units for cultural and tourism industry think tank construction, with overseas China studies being one of the three key research directions. Based on this, the Center also bears the major mission of building a think tank and providing decision-making reference support for overseas China studies, focusing particularly on various research reports on China released by overseas think tank institutions, as well as insightful commentary articles. Through systematic collection, organization, and classification, the Center has constructed a thematic database of think tank reports, ensuring that these highly valuable research results can achieve long-term preservation, orderly integration, and efficient utilization, providing solid information support for legislative and decision-making work. On this basis, the Center has also successively launched information products such as *Internal Reference on Overseas China-Related Research* and *Trends in Overseas China-Related Research*, analyzing various overseas policies, trends, and attitudinal inclinations toward China, providing valuable reference bases for decision-making bodies. Several of these reports have been adopted by relevant departments, demonstrating the Center’s value and potential in think tank construction.

中国学文献研究中心作为国家图书馆立法和决策服务部的重要业务单元，始终以高度的敏锐性和专业性，密切追踪海外研究中国的热点趋势与前沿动态。2021年8月，国家图书馆被正式确立为首批文化和旅游行业智库建设试点单位，海外中国问题研究即为三个重点研究方向之一。基于此，中心也肩负着建设智库、为海外中国问题研究提供决策参考支撑的重大使命，尤其聚焦于海外智库机构发布的针对中国的各类研究报告以及具有深刻见解的评论性文章。通过系统化的收集、整理与分类，中心构建了智库报告专题数据库，确保这些极具价值的研究成果能够实现长久保存、有序整合与高效利用，为立法和决策工作提供坚实有力的信息支撑。在此基础上，中心还陆续推出《海外涉华研究内参》《海外涉华研究动态》等信息产品，剖析海外各种对华政策、动向、态度倾向等，为决策机构提供富有价值的参考依据，其中多篇报告被有关部门采用，彰显中心在智库建设方面的价值潜能。

(4) Carrying out diverse forms of cooperation and exchange to promote mutual learning among civilizations

(4)开展形式多样的合作交流，促进文明互鉴

As an important theme in the field of cultural exchange, China studies essentially reflects the deep interaction and mutual influence between different cultures, vividly demonstrating the pluralistic and symbiotic pattern of world culture.

中国学研究作为文化交流领域的重要主题，本质上反映了不同文化之间的深度互动与相互影响，生动展现了世界文化的多元共生格局。

During the Republican period, the National Library of Peking was an academic stronghold for Sino-Western cultural exchange. It once engaged sinologists such as Paul Pelliot and Berthold Laufer as correspondents, directly promoted the establishment and development of the German-Chinese Society, and contributed support to the early document collection and organization of East Asian libraries in the United States, as well as to the training of sinologists. In its interactions with the sinological academic community, the National Library of Peking continuously optimized its own business processes, improving service quality and efficiency. This attitude of openness and cooperation enabled its visibility and influence in the international academic community to grow day by day, realizing Director Yuan Tongli’s beautiful vision that “we deeply wish to serve as the postal service connecting Chinese and foreign books, as the intermediary for cultural exchange,” making it an important force in connecting Chinese and foreign cultures and promoting academic progress.

民国时期，国立北平图书馆就是中西文化交流的学术重镇。曾聘请伯希和(Paul Pelliot)、劳费尔(Berthold Laufer)等汉学家为通讯员，直接推动中德学会的成立和发展，对美国东亚图书馆的早期文献收藏和整理及汉学家的培养均有扶翼之功。国立北平图书馆在与汉学界的交往过程中，不断优化自身业务流程，提升服务质量与效率。这种开放合作的态度，使其在国际学术界的知名度和影响力与日俱增，实现了袁同礼馆长“吾人深愿以此通中外图书之邮，为文化交通之介”的美好愿景，成为连接中外文化、推动学术进步的重要力量。

After the founding of New China, as an important national cultural institution, the Beijing Library not only undertook the task of answering inquiries about Chinese studies from foreign research institutions and scholars but also received a large number of foreign visitors, such as the famous sinologists Joseph Needham, Boris Lvovich Riftin, and Romulus Ioan Budura. The visits of these sinologists not only brought international cutting-edge academic trends and research perspectives to the Beijing Library but also built bridges of exchange and cooperation for both sides. Particularly noteworthy is the milestone event of Director Liu Jiping’s visit to the United States in 1973, which originated from a sincere invitation by the U.S.-China Scholarly Exchange Committee. This visit formally opened the prelude to cultural exchange activities between China and the United States. Thereafter, exchanges and cooperation between China and the United States in the cultural field became increasingly frequent and deepened.

新中国成立之后，作为国家重要文化单位，北京图书馆不仅承担起解答国外研究机构和学者关于中国研究咨询的任务，而且接待大批国外来访者，如著名汉学家李约瑟(Joseph Needham)、李福清(Борис Львович Рифтин)、罗明(Romulus Ioan Budura)等人。这些汉学家的到访，不仅为北京图书馆带来国际前沿的学术动态和研究视角，更为双方搭建起交流合作的桥梁。尤值得一提的是，1973年刘季平馆长访美这一具有里程碑意义的事件，正是源于美中学术交流委员会的诚挚邀请。这次访问正式拉开了中美两国文化交流活动的序幕。此后，中美两国在文化领域的交流与合作日益频繁、不断深入。

Since its establishment, the Center for Chinese Studies Documentation has formulated an academic and international development strategy for China studies, committed to building a platform for cultural exchange on a global scale and promoting China studies to new heights. Under the Belt and Road Initiative, the Center fully leverages its own advantages, relying on widely influential international cooperation organizations such as the Silk Road International Library Alliance and the BRICS Library Alliance, to actively expand the space for exchange and cooperation with libraries in neighboring countries and key regions, constructing bilateral and multilateral exchange mechanisms in the field of China studies. In practical cooperation projects, the Center has joined hands with the National Library of France to jointly build the “China-France Portal” website, providing convenient and efficient information exchange and resource-sharing platforms for scholars from China and France. Through this website, both parties can promptly share the latest research results, academic trends, and precious documentary materials in China studies, effectively promoting deep cooperation and exchange between China and France in the academic field. The Center also successfully held the “First Academic Symposium on Overseas China Studies Documentation Research and Services,” conducting in-depth discussions and exchanges on topics such as research methods, service models, and future development trends of overseas China studies documentation, providing valuable ideas and references for innovative development in the field of China studies documentation research and services. The Center actively sends personnel to participate in important international conferences such as the “World Conference on China Studies,” the “World Congress of Sinology,” and the “Annual Meeting of the European Association of Sinological Librarians,” fully showcasing the latest research results in China studies and engaging in extensive exchanges and cooperation with scholars from around the world. A series of solid and effective work and measures have not only enhanced the National Library’s influence and visibility in the international academic community but also provided solid academic support and rich practical cases for the cultural strategy of Chinese culture “going global,” winning more international attention and support.

中国学文献研究中心成立以来，制定了中国学研究学术化、国际化发展战略，致力于在全球范围内搭建起文化交流的平台，推动中国学研究迈向新的高度。在“一带一路”倡议下，中心充分发挥自身优势，依托丝绸之路国际图书馆联盟、金砖国家图书馆联盟等具有广泛影响力的国际合作组织，积极拓展与周边国家、重点地区图书馆之间的交流合作空间，构建中国学领域的双边与多边交流机制。在实际合作项目中，中心与法国国家图书馆携手共同建设“中法门户”网站，为中法两国学者提供便捷、高效的信息交流与资源共享平台。通过该网站，双方能够及时分享中国学研究的最新成果、学术动态和珍贵文献资料，有力推动了中法两国在学术领域的深度合作与交流。中心还成功举办“首届海外中国学文献研究与服务学术研讨会”,围绕海外中国学文献的研究方法、服务模式以及未来发展趋势等议题展开深入探讨和交流，为中国学文献研究与服务领域的创新发展提供了宝贵的思路和借鉴。中心积极派员参加“世界中国学大会”“世界汉学大会”“欧洲汉学图书馆员协会年会”等重要的国际会议，充分展示中国学研究的最新成果，与来自世界各地的学者进行广泛的交流与合作。一系列扎实有效的工作和举措，不仅提升了国家图书馆在国际学术界的影响力和知名度，也为中国文化“走出去”的文化战略提供了坚实的学术支撑和丰富的实践案例，赢得了更多的国际关注和支持。

3 Target Planning and Implementation of the “One Repository, Three Centers”

3 “一库三中心”的目标规划及落实

Looking to the future, the National Library of China’s Center for Chinese Studies Documentation is positioned as the “One Repository, Three Centers,” namely, the General Repository for Chinese Studies, the Academic Research Center, the Decision-Making Reference Center, and the Cultural Exchange Center. It aims to comprehensively consolidate the National Library’s central position in the collection of China studies documentation, enhance the brand influence of its document bibliographies, strengthen its decision-making information service capabilities, improve the level of document integration, highlight its impact on foreign exchange, and optimize the construction of its talent team.

面向未来，国家图书馆中国学文献研究中心定位于“一库三中心”,即中国学总书库、学术研究中心、决策参考中心、文化交流中心，旨在全面巩固国家图书馆在中国学文献收藏领域的中心地位，提升文献书目品牌影响力，强化决策信息服务能力，提高文献整合水平，凸显对外交流影响，并优化人才队伍建设。

3.1 General Repository for Chinese Studies

3.1 中国学总书库

The National Library is committed to constructing a China studies document collection system that is rich and diverse in document types, broad in language coverage, and complete in disciplinary structure. This system can not only provide high-quality thematic document resource support for the professional development of China studies, helping to build the knowledge pedigree of Chinese civilization, but also offer convenient and efficient document services to academia and the public, promoting the Chinese people’s understanding and awareness of the image of China in the eyes of “others.”

国家图书馆致力于构建一个文献类型丰富多样、语种涵盖广泛、学科体系完备的中国学文献馆藏体系。这一体系不仅能为中国学研究的专业发展提供高质量的专题文献资源支持，助力构建中华文明知识谱系，还能为学界和公众提供便捷、高效的文献服务，推动国人对“他者”眼中的中国形象的认知和了解。

Currently, there are still some shortcomings in the coverage of China studies document resources at the National Library. For example, the collection of documents from emerging sinological research regions such as Latin America and Africa is insufficient, resulting in a relative scarcity of research results and materials from these areas in the collection; the holdings of some rare documents remain relatively small, such as private manuscripts of overseas sinologists and early missionary manuscripts. These documents are of great significance for in-depth research into the history and development of China studies, and their absence affects the completeness and systematic nature of the collection. Furthermore, in terms of the full-scale collection of online China-related information, there are technical barriers and geographical limitations, making it impossible to cover all dynamic content of global China studies. The information collection is not comprehensive or timely enough to meet users’ demands for real-time and diverse information.

目前，国家图书馆中国学文献资源覆盖仍存在一些不足之处。如对拉美、非洲等新兴汉学研究区域的文献采集不够充分，导致这些地区的研究成果和资料在馆藏中相对匮乏；部分稀见文献的收藏仍然较少，如海外汉学家私人藏稿、早期传教士手稿等，这些文献对于深入研究中国学的历史和发展具有重要意义，其缺失影响了馆藏的完整性和系统性。此外，在网络涉华信息的全量采集方面，面临技术壁垒与地域限制等问题，尚未能够覆盖全球所有中国学的动态内容，信息采集不够全面和及时，无法满足用户对实时、多元信息的需求。

To this end, the National Library should adopt comprehensive measures from multiple dimensions, meticulously constructing a full-coverage, multi-level document service system. The specific measures are as follows.

为此，国家图书馆应从多维度综合施策，精心构建全方位、多层次的文献服务体系，具体举措如下。

First, precise acquisition, to lay a solid foundation for the physical collection. The National Library has actively planned, successively formulating the *14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of the Center for the Study of Chinese Studies Literature* and the *Development Ideas on Chinese Studies Work during the 15th Five-Year Plan Period*. Taking these as an important basis, it has established scientific, rigorous, detailed, and clear acquisition standards. Each year, it regularly organizes professional forces to conduct a comprehensive and in-depth survey of Chinese studies literature worldwide. For literature that meets the established standards, it is systematically acquired, orderly accessioned, precisely cataloged, and properly preserved in strict accordance with standard procedures, ensuring that the literature is properly placed and effectively managed, laying a solid foundation for the enrichment and improvement of the physical collection.

一是精准采集，筑牢实体馆藏坚实根基。国家图书馆积极谋划，先后制定《中国学文献研究中心“十四五”发展规划》《“十五五”时期关于中国学工作的发展思路》。以此为重要依据，制定科学严谨、细致明确的采选标准。每年定期组织专业力量，对世界范围内的中国学文献展开全面深入的摸排工作。对于符合既定标准的文献，严格按照规范流程进行系统采集、有序入藏、精准编目和妥善保存，确保文献得到妥善安置和有效管理，为实体馆藏的丰富与完善奠定坚实基础。

Second, improving supplementary acquisition, to enhance the comprehensive guarantee effectiveness of literature. Given the notable characteristics of Chinese studies literature—its vast scale, wide range of disciplines, diverse languages, and complex sources—a long-term, comprehensive plan should be adopted, and a detailed, thorough, and feasible plan for supplementary literature acquisition should be formulated. On the one hand, continuously optimize the structure of the physical collection, supplementing various types of scarce literature and cutting-edge research results in a targeted manner based on the dynamics of disciplinary development and changes in user needs; on the other hand, vigorously strengthen the construction of the virtual collection, fully utilizing the internet and digital technology to expand channels for literature acquisition and enrich the types of literature resources. It is necessary to continuously improve the mechanism for coordination and complementarity between the physical and virtual collections, achieving mutual complementarity and organic integration of the two, giving full play to their respective strengths, forming a powerful joint force for literature resource guarantee, comprehensively enhancing the overall guarantee capacity of literature resources, and meeting the diverse and personalized literature needs of different user groups.

二是完善补藏，增强文献综合保障效能。鉴于中国学文献规模宏大、学科门类广泛、语种丰富多样、来源错综复杂等显著特点，应立足长远、统筹规划，制定详尽周全、切实可行的文献补藏规划。一方面，持续优化实体馆藏结构，根据学科发展动态和用户需求变化，有针对性地补充各类稀缺文献和前沿研究成果；另一方面，大力加强虚拟馆藏建设，充分利用互联网和数字化技术，拓展文献获取渠道，丰富文献资源类型。要不断完善实体馆藏与虚拟馆藏的协调互补机制，实现两者优势互补、有机融合，充分发挥各自的长处，形成强大的文献资源保障合力，全面提升文献资源的整体保障能力，满足不同用户群体多样化、个性化的文献需求。

Third, keeping pace with trends, to advance intelligent literature information acquisition. In the digital era, Chinese studies literature has already shown notable characteristics such as a huge quantity and diverse carriers, encompassing books, journals, newspapers, theses, maps, microform literature, audio-visual resources, electronic publications, online information, and other forms, exhibiting typical big data features. It is necessary to keep up with the development trends of the times, fully leveraging the powerful advantages of big data and intelligent technology to advance intelligent literature information acquisition. By constructing an intelligent Chinese studies literature acquisition system, automatic capture, screening, and integration of massive literature information can be achieved, ensuring the completeness and timeliness of literature information, obtaining comprehensive and authoritative Chinese studies literature resources, providing feasible routes and solutions for effectively responding to the challenges of complex and diverse literature resources, and comprehensively improving the quality and efficiency of literature services.

三是紧跟趋势，推进智慧化文献信息采集。数字化时代，中国学文献已呈现出数量庞大、载体多样等显著特征，涵盖图书、期刊、报纸、论文、舆图、缩微文献、视听资源、电子出版物、网络信息等多种形式，具有典型的大数据特征。要紧跟时代发展潮流，充分利用大数据和智能技术的强大优势，推进智慧化文献信息采集工作。通过构建智慧化的中国学文献采集系统，实现对海量文献信息的自动抓取、筛选和整合，确保文献信息的完备性和及时性，获取全面、权威的中国学文献资源，为有效应对复杂多样的文献资源挑战提供可行的路线和方案，全面提升文献服务的质量和效率。

3.2 Academic Research Center

3.2 学术研究中心

The National Library closely tracks academic trends, promptly captures the frontiers of Chinese studies scholarship, meticulously sorts out academic achievements, edits and publishes a series of reference works in the field of Chinese studies, and builds an integrated search website for Chinese studies, providing systematic and authoritative knowledge resources for the academic community. It undertakes major scientific research projects to solve key problems in the development of Chinese studies. Through the advancement of these tasks, it aims to promote the innovation and development of Chinese studies both at home and abroad, fill gaps in the development of Chinese studies, and inject continuous momentum into the research of Chinese studies.

国家图书馆紧密追踪学界动态，及时捕捉中国学学术前沿，精心梳理学术成果，编辑出版中国学领域系列工具书，建设一体化检索的中国学网站，为学界提供系统、权威的知识资源。承担重大科研课题，以此解决中国学发展中的关键问题。通过这些任务的推进，旨在推动海内外中国研究的创新与发展，填补中国学发展中的空白，为中国学的研究注入源源不断的动力。

Currently, the academic research of the center is still in the initial stage of development, facing many problems that urgently need to be solved. The compilation of the *Selected Bibliography of Foreign Research Works on China* and the *Yearbook of Overseas Chinese Studies* has a noticeable lag, with content collection stopping in 2020 and 2021 respectively, making it impossible to promptly meet the urgent needs of the academic community. This may cause scholars to miss the latest research trends, affecting the depth and breadth of research. In addition, there is a lack of reference works introducing the overview of Chinese studies in various countries. When scholars try to understand the development of Chinese studies in different countries, it is like being in an academic maze without a map, often leaving them at a loss as to where to start, increasing the difficulty and cost of research. Furthermore, it is also necessary to strengthen research in key areas. Currently, no Chinese studies research front with international influence has been formed, and there is a lack of leading achievements in major theories and academic research, making it difficult to play a demonstrative role in the international academic community.

目前，中心学术研究仍处于初步发展阶段，面临诸多亟待解决的问题。《国外中国研究著作选目提要》和《海外中国研究年鉴》的编纂滞后性较为明显，内容搜集分别停留在2020年和2021年，无法及时满足学界的迫切需求，可能会使学者错过最新的研究动态，影响研究的深度和广度。另外，缺少对各国中国学概况介绍的工具书产品，学者在了解各国中国学发展情况时，就像处于一座缺少地图指引的学术迷宫，往往感到无从下手，增加了研究的难度和成本。此外，也需加强对重点领域的研究，目前尚未形成具有国际影响力的中国学研究阵地，在重大理论与学术研究中缺乏引领性成果，难以在国际学术界发挥示范作用。

To further enhance the effectiveness of the Academic Research Center and promote the development of Chinese studies academic research at the National Library, efforts should be strengthened from the following aspects.

为进一步提升学术研究中心的效能，推动国家图书馆中国学学术研究发展，应从以下几个方面加强。

First, optimize the compilation process and accelerate the updating of reference works. A compilation team composed of senior scholars, professional editors, and information technology personnel should be formed, and a global information collection platform for Chinese studies research should be built to capture in real time the latest research results from various academic databases, academic journals, academic conferences, and other channels, and to classify, organize, and store them. Personnel should be assigned to focus on tracking international academic trends, promptly collecting and organizing information on the latest works, papers, reports, etc., in Chinese studies, ensuring that the compilation team can obtain the latest academic materials in the first instance. Based on the needs of the academic community and the development goals of the center, a detailed compilation plan should be formulated, clarifying the work tasks and time nodes for each stage, establishing a regular progress reporting and supervision mechanism, promptly solving problems that arise during the compilation process, and ensuring that the compilation work can be completed on time and with high quality. Promote the updating of the *Selected Bibliography of Foreign Research Works on China* and the *Yearbook of Overseas Chinese Studies*, forming a long-term mechanism for regular annual publication.

一是优化编纂流程，加速工具书更新。应组建一支由资深学者、专业编辑和信息技术人员构成的编纂团队，搭建一个覆盖全球的中国学研究信息收集平台，实时抓取各大学术数据库、学术期刊、学术会议等渠道的最新研究成果，并进行分类整理和存储。安排专人负责关注国际学术动态，及时收集和整理中国学研究的最新著作、论文、报告等信息，确保编纂团队能够第一时间获取到最新的学术资料。根据学界的需求和中心的发展目标，制定详细的编纂计划，明确各个阶段的工作任务和时间节点，建立定期的进度汇报和监督机制，及时解决编纂过程中出现的问题，确保编纂工作能够按时、高质量地完成。推动《国外中国研究著作选目提要》和《海外中国研究年鉴》的更新，形成每年定期发布的长效机制。

Second, integrate resource forces and compile overview reference works. Given that the overview of Chinese studies in various countries involves multiple disciplinary fields, an interdisciplinary compilation team should be organized to conduct a comprehensive and in-depth investigation of the development of Chinese studies in countries around the world. By consulting literature materials, visiting academic institutions, and communicating with foreign scholars, information on the research history, current status, main research institutions and scholars, and representative achievements of Chinese studies in each country should be collected. At the same time, an in-depth analysis and interpretation of the development of Chinese studies in each country should be conducted to ensure that the content of the reference work is comprehensive, accurate, and in-depth. On this basis, the *Handbook of Chinese Studies in Various Countries* series should be formed, enabling readers to easily understand and grasp the development of Chinese studies in each country.

二是整合资源力量，编纂概况工具书。鉴于各国中国学概况介绍涉及多个学科领域，应组织一支跨学科的编纂团队，对世界各国中国学的发展情况进行全面深入的调研。通过查阅文献资料、访问学术机构、与国外学者交流等方式，收集各国中国学的研究历史、现状、主要研究机构和学者、代表性成果等信息。同时对各国中国学的发展情况进行深入分析和解读，确保工具书的内容全面、准确、深入，在此基础上形成《列国中国学手册》系列丛书，使读者能够轻松了解和掌握各国中国学的发展情况。

Third, focus on key areas and enhance international influence. In combination with international academic frontiers and research advantages, several key research areas should be identified, such as the international dissemination of traditional Chinese culture and the characteristics of overseas think tanks’ research on China-related issues, and concentrated efforts should be made to conduct in-depth research, striving to achieve a batch of research results with international influence. At the same time, a sound results promotion mechanism should be established, promoting research results through multiple channels and methods. For example, regularly hold academic results press conferences to introduce the latest research results to domestic and foreign media and the academic community; use platforms such as websites and social media to publish abstracts and highlights of research results to attract more scholars’ attention and citations; translate outstanding research results into multiple languages and publish them in internationally renowned academic journals to expand the international dissemination scope of research results. During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, the National Library will strive to form a batch of internationally leading results in key research areas and build a Chinese studies research front with international influence.

三是聚焦重点领域，提升国际影响力。应结合国际学术前沿和研究优势，确定若干重点研究领域，如中国传统文化对外传播、海外智库涉华研究特点等，集中力量进行深入研究，力争取得一批具有国际影响力的研究成果。同时，建立一套完善的成果推广机制，通过多种渠道和方式推广研究成果。例如，定期举办学术成果发布会，向国内外媒体和学术界介绍最新的研究成果；利用网站、社交媒体等平台，发布研究成果的摘要和亮点，吸引更多学者关注和引用；将优秀的研究成果翻译成多种语言，在国际知名学术期刊上发表，扩大研究成果的国际传播范围。“十五五”期间，国家图书馆力争在重点研究领域形成一批具有国际引领性的成果，打造具有国际影响力的中国学研究阵地。

3.3 Decision-Making Reference Center

3.3 决策参考中心

Article 22 of the *Public Library Law of the People’s Republic of China* clearly stipulates that the National Library undertakes the function of “serving national legislation and decision-making.” As the core functional unit of the Legislative and Decision-Making Service Department, the center shoulders the mission of “insight into overseas public opinion, serving the national strategy.” Its goal is to build a “trinity” Chinese studies decision support system integrating strategic leadership, methodological innovation, and results transformation. That is, to establish a dynamic monitoring network for Chinese studies research, capturing in real time the cognitive biases and risk points in the international academic, policy, and public opinion circles regarding China’s domestic and foreign affairs; to break through traditional policy research paradigms, integrating cross-disciplinary methods such as big data analysis, scenario simulation, and behavioral experiments to enhance the scientific nature and precision of decision-making suggestions; and to establish a closed-loop mechanism of “research—consultation—evaluation,” ensuring that research results can be directly transformed into policy texts, operational guidelines, or evaluation reports.

《中华人民共和国公共图书馆法》第二十二条明确规定国家图书馆承担“为国家立法和决策服务”的职能。作为立法和决策服务部的核心职能单元，中心肩负着“洞察海外舆论、服务国家战略”的使命，其目标定位是构建战略引领性、方法创新性和成果转化性“三位一体”的中国学决策支持体系，即建立中国学研究的动态监测网络，实时捕捉国际学术界、政策界、舆论界对中国内政外交的认知偏差与风险点，突破传统政策研究范式，融合大数据分析、情景模拟、行为实验等跨学科方法，提升决策建议的科学性与精准度，建立“研究—咨询—评估”闭环机制，确保研究成果能够直接转化为政策文本、操作指南或评估报告。

At present, the self-built databases of the National Library only support basic document storage and retrieval, lacking intelligent analysis functions such as semantic association and trend prediction, and thus cannot meet the needs of in-depth research; the application of artificial intelligence technology in scenarios such as document classification and hotspot tracking remains at an initial stage, with a high proportion of manual intervention and insufficient efficiency and accuracy; overseas research materials are scattered across dozens of languages, and the existing translation team has limited capacity, leading to delays in the collection and translation of documents in less commonly used languages, thereby affecting the comprehensiveness of decision-making references.

目前国家图书馆自建数据库仅支持基础文献存储与检索，缺乏语义关联、趋势预测等智能分析功能，无法满足深度研究需求，智慧化服务不足；人工智能技术在文献分类、热点追踪等场景的应用仍处于初级阶段，人工干预比例高，效率与精准度不足；海外研究资料分散于几十种语言，现有翻译团队能力有限，导致非通用语种文献的采集与翻译滞后，从而影响决策参考的全面性。

To break through the existing operational bottlenecks, it is necessary to take technology-driven approaches as the core, systematically enhance the intelligent decision-making service level through three major pathways—upgrading the database architecture, innovating AI tools, and expanding multilingual capabilities—and gradually transform from a “document storage center” into a “data-driven decision think tank.”

为突破现有业务瓶颈，需以技术驱动为核心，通过数据库架构升级、AI工具创新、多语种能力拓展三大路径，系统提升决策智能化服务水平，逐步从“文献存储中心”转型为“数据驱动的决策智囊”。

First, upgrade the database architecture and build an intelligent knowledge graph. On the basis of automatic collection in the existing database, introduce technologies such as natural language processing (NLP), knowledge graphs, and semantic analysis to achieve deep association and intelligent recommendation of documents; develop a semantic association engine to uncover implicit connections between concepts, authors, and institutions in the documents; based on machine learning algorithms, dynamically analyze data such as document keywords and citation frequencies to generate research hotspot evolution maps and future trend reports.

一是升级数据库架构，构建智慧化知识图谱。在现有数据库实现自动采集的基础上，引入自然语言处理(NLP)、知识图谱、语义分析等技术，实现文献的深度关联与智能推荐；开发语义关联引擎，挖掘文献间概念、作者、机构的隐性关联；基于机器学习算法，对文献关键词、引用频次等数据进行动态分析，生成研究热点演变图谱与未来趋势报告。

Second, deepen the use of AI tools and promote the automation of research workflows. Utilize intelligent AI tools to establish an intelligent classification system, train multi-label classification models to automatically annotate document attributes such as topic, discipline, and region, reducing the time spent on manual classification; design an AI-assisted review process, where machines complete initial screening and annotation, and humans verify key information, improving efficiency while ensuring quality. At the same time, integrate technologies such as sentiment analysis and event extraction to monitor China-related topics in international media and academic forums in real time, and automatically generate dynamic public opinion briefings.

二是深化AI工具利用，推动研究流程自动化。利用AI智能工具，建立智能分类系统，训练多标签分类模型，自动标注文献主题、学科、地域等属性，减少人工分类耗时的问题，设计AI辅助审核流程，由机器完成初筛与标注，人工复核关键信息，提升效率的同时保障质量。同时集成情感分析、事件抽取等技术，实时监测国际媒体、学术论坛中的中国相关议题，自动化生成动态舆情简报。

Third, expand multilingual capabilities and build a global document network. Deploy a neural machine translation (NMT) system, prioritizing coverage of United Nations official languages such as English, French, Russian, Spanish, and Arabic, to achieve real-time translation of document abstracts; establish a feedback loop of “manual proofreading—AI learning” to continuously optimize the translation model; at the same time, develop a multilingual translation crowdsourcing system to attract foreign language volunteers to participate in the initial translation of non-core documents, which will be incorporated into the database after expert review.

三是拓展多语种能力，构建全球化文献网络。部署神经机器翻译(NMT)系统，优先覆盖英语、法语、俄语、西班牙语、阿拉伯语等联合国通用语种，实现文献摘要的即时翻译，建立“人工校对—AI学习”反馈循环，持续优化翻译模型，同时开发多语种翻译众包系统，吸引外语志愿者参与非核心文献的初译，经专家审核后纳入数据库。

3.4 Cultural Exchange Center

3.4 文化交流中心

The National Library takes promoting mutual learning among Chinese and foreign civilizations as its fundamental mission. Its goals include establishing long-term cooperative relationships with Chinese studies institutions and sinologists at home and abroad, promoting diverse discussions of Chinese culture among Chinese and foreign scholars, building a global academic network, and providing cultural support for building a community with a shared future for mankind. Through document preservation and digitization, it promotes the global sharing of achievements in mutual learning among Chinese and foreign civilizations, assists Chinese culture in “going global,” fosters international society’s understanding and recognition of Chinese culture, and serves the national strategy of cultural power and cultural diplomacy.

国家图书馆以推动中外文明交流互鉴为根本使命，其目标包括与海内外中国学机构及汉学家建立长期合作关系，推动中外学者对中华文化的多元探讨，构建全球性学术网络，为构建人类命运共同体提供文化支撑。通过文献保护与数字化，促进中外文明互鉴成果的全球共享，助力中国文化“走出去”,促进国际社会对中华文化的理解与认同，服务国家外交与文化强国战略。

The breadth, depth, and resource sharing of the National Library’s cooperation all urgently need breakthroughs. Specifically, exchanges with overseas Chinese studies and collection institutions are still mainly concentrated in regions and countries such as Europe, the United States, and Japan, lacking systematic cooperation mechanisms and projects with regions such as Africa and Latin America; global Chinese studies documents are scattered across libraries in various countries, and a unified union catalog has not yet been formed, forcing scholars to navigate multiple platforms when searching for relevant documents, consuming a great deal of time and energy, with prominent resource barriers; many countries face a shortage of Chinese cataloging talent, which directly affects the accurate classification and effective dissemination of Chinese-language books overseas, and the lack of transnational exchange mechanisms makes it difficult to share experience and technology in the field of Chinese cataloging between domestic and foreign institutions, further exacerbating the adverse impact of this problem on the overseas dissemination of Chinese-language books.

国家图书馆合作广度、深度与资源共享均亟待突破。具体而言，与海外中国研究和收藏机构的交流仍以欧美日等地区和国家为主，缺少与非洲、拉美等地区系统性的合作机制与项目；全球中国学文献分散于各国图书馆，尚未形成统一联合目录，学者在检索相关文献时，不得不穿梭于多个平台之间，耗费大量的时间和精力，资源壁垒突出；许多国家存在中文编目人才短缺的问题，直接影响了中文图书在海外的准确分类与有效传播，同时缺乏跨国交流机制，使得国内外中文编目领域的经验与技术难以互通有无，进一步加剧了这一问题对中文图书海外传播的不利影响。

In response to these urgent problems, the National Library will take measures in expanding the cooperation map, building a sharing system, and promoting transnational cultural exchanges, gradually transforming from a “cultural exchange participant” into a “global leader in mutual learning among civilizations,” contributing Chinese wisdom to building an open and inclusive community of human civilizations.

针对这些亟待突破的问题，国家图书馆将在拓展合作版图、构建共享体系和跨国文化交流等方面采取措施，逐步从“文化交流参与者”转型为“全球文明互鉴引领者”,为构建开放包容的人类文明共同体贡献中国智慧。

First, expand the cooperation map and deepen regional exchanges. Relying on platforms such as the Silk Road International Library Alliance and the BRICS Library Alliance, target regions such as Africa and Latin America to understand local needs and interests in China studies, and formulate cooperation strategies suited to local conditions; build a China studies cooperation network and exchange platform to promote information sharing and resource integration. For example, establish long-term cooperative relationships with local well-known universities and research institutions to jointly carry out China studies projects, hold academic seminars and cultural exchange activities; establish online cooperation forums, academic databases, etc., to facilitate exchanges and cooperation among scholars from all sides, jointly promoting the global development of China studies.

一是拓展合作版图，深化区域交流。依托丝绸之路国际图书馆联盟、金砖国家图书馆联盟等平台，针对非洲、拉美等地区，了解当地对中国研究的需求和兴趣点，制定符合当地实际情况的合作策略；搭建中国研究合作网络和交流平台，促进信息共享与资源整合。例如，与当地知名高校、研究机构建立长期合作关系，共同开展中国研究项目，举办学术研讨会和文化交流活动；建立线上合作论坛、学术数据库等，方便各方学者进行交流与合作，共同推动中国研究在全球范围内的发展。

Second, break down resource barriers and build a sharing system. Jointly formulate standards and norms for the construction of a global union catalog of Chinese studies documents with libraries and relevant institutions from various countries. Through digital technology, integrate document resources from libraries in various countries, establish a unified retrieval platform to achieve one-stop retrieval of document resources, promote the open sharing of digital resources, and break down geographical and institutional limitations, allowing more scholars to conveniently and quickly access the document resources they need. At the same time, establish an international document resource circulation and interlibrary loan mechanism to achieve rapid circulation and sharing of Chinese studies document resources, meeting the research needs of scholars.

二是打破资源壁垒，构建共享体系。联合各国图书馆和相关机构，共同制定全球中国学文献联合目录的建设标准和规范。通过数字化技术手段，整合各国图书馆的文献资源，建立统一的检索平台，实现文献资源的一站式检索，推动数字资源的开放共享，打破地域和机构的限制，让更多的学者方便快捷地获取所需的文献资源。同时，建立国际文献资源流通与互借机制，实现中国学文献资源的快速流通和共享，满足学者的研究需求。

Third, strengthen talent cultivation and promote transnational exchanges. Increase efforts to cultivate Chinese cataloging talent, actively carry out transnational exchanges and cooperation in the field of Chinese cataloging with foreign libraries and relevant institutions, formulate and improve talent cultivation plans and curriculum systems, and promote experience exchange and technology sharing in the field of Chinese cataloging between domestic and foreign institutions through methods such as mutual personnel exchanges, joint training, and academic exchanges. At the same time, establish a global Chinese cataloging talent pool, collect and organize information and materials on Chinese cataloging talent at home and abroad, provide talent support and guarantees for libraries and relevant institutions at home and abroad, and promote the rational flow and optimal allocation of Chinese cataloging talent on a global scale.

三是强化人才培养，促进跨国交流。应加大对中文编目人才的培养力度，积极与国外图书馆和相关机构开展中文编目领域的跨国交流与合作，制定完善的人才培养计划和课程体系，通过互派人员、联合培训、学术交流等方式，促进国内外在中文编目领域的经验交流与技术共享。同时，建立全球中文编目人才储备库，收集和整理国内外中文编目人才的信息和资料，为国内外图书馆和相关机构提供人才支持和保障，促进中文编目人才在全球范围内的合理流动和优化配置。

4 Conclusion

4 结语

Libraries are an important driving force in building a cultural power, especially in promoting Chinese culture to the world and drawing on the research results of Chinese studies to provide feedback for decision-making. The Center for Chinese Studies Documentation created by the National Library, guided by the strategy of building a cultural power, has achieved remarkable results in deepening the resources of Chinese studies documents. Facing the wave of digital technology innovation, the National Library strives to build an intelligent new development model to fully fulfill the strategic mission of building a cultural power, building the Center for Chinese Studies Documentation into a general repository of Chinese studies, an academic research center for Chinese studies, a reference center for national legislation and decision-making, and a cultural exchange center for mutual learning among civilizations, making it an important window for the country and its people to understand world trends and information, and a powerful force for promoting cultural development.

图书馆是建设文化强国的重要推动力量，尤其在推动中国文化走向世界、汲取中国学研究成果以反馈决策方面可以发挥积极作用。国家图书馆创建的中国学文献研究中心，以文化强国战略为指引，在深耕中国学文献资源方面已取得显著成就。面对数字技术革新的浪潮，国家图书馆努力构建智慧化的新型发展模式，以全面履行文化强国战略使命，将中国学文献研究中心建成中国学的总书库、中国学的学术研究中心、国家立法和决策的参考中心、文明互鉴的文化交流中心，使之成为国家和国民了解世界动向和信息的重要窗口，成为推动文化发展的强劲力量。

The National Library’s Center for Chinese Studies Documentation belongs to China, and also to the world. It will surely become the cornerstone for Chinese culture to go global, and a cultural hall that sinologists around the world aspire to.

国家图书馆中国学文献研究中心是中国的，也是世界的，她必将成为中华文化走向世界的基石，成为全世界中国学学者向往的文化殿堂。