The Origins and Essence of Xi Jinping’s Important Discourses on the Great Long March Spirit

The year 2026 marks the 90th anniversary of the Red Army’s Long March. The Long March was a heroic epic written by the Chinese Communists and the Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army at a time when the Chinese nation was in peril, and a human miracle in the history of world warfare. This expedition not only saved the Party, saved the Red Army, and saved the Chinese revolution at a critical juncture, but also forged the great Long March spirit, which transcends time and remains ever fresh. In October 2016, Xi Jinping pointed out at the commemoration of the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Red Army’s Long March: “The great Long March spirit is the spirit of placing the fundamental interests of the entire people and the Chinese nation above all else, of firmly believing in revolutionary ideals and convictions, and of firmly believing that a just cause is bound to triumph; it is the spirit of fearing no hardship or obstacle and making every sacrifice to save the country and the people; it is the spirit of upholding independence, self-reliance, seeking truth from facts, and proceeding from reality in everything; it is the spirit of taking the overall situation into account, strictly observing discipline, and maintaining close unity; and it is the spirit of relying closely on the masses, sharing life and death, weal and woe, and working hard together with the people.” As an important component of the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists, the Long March spirit has, since its birth, become a powerful spiritual driving force for uniting the nation’s strength and advancing the cause. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, Xi Jinping has attached great importance to the inheritance and promotion of the great Long March spirit, repeatedly looking back on the history of the Long March and elucidating the great Long March spirit on important occasions, forming a series of important discourses with rich connotations and profound thought. Grounded in the practical context of Chinese-path modernization and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and combined with the missions and tasks of the New Era and the new journey, systematically exploring from a theoretical perspective the generative logic of Xi Jinping’s important discourses on the great Long March spirit and deeply analyzing the practical requirements and contemporary implications contained therein can not only enrich and improve the academic research system on the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists, but also inject lasting spiritual strength into vigorously inheriting and promoting the great Long March spirit on the new journey and successfully completing the Long March of the New Era.

2026年是红军长征胜利90周年。长征，是中国共产党人和工农红军在中华民族危亡之际谱写的英雄史诗，是世界战争史上的人间奇迹。这场远征不仅在革命危急关头挽救了党、挽救了红军、挽救了中国革命，更铸就了穿越时空、历久弥新的伟大长征精神。2016年10月，习近平在纪念红军长征胜利80周年大会上指出：“伟大长征精神，就是把全国人民和中华民族的根本利益看得高于一切，坚定革命的理想和信念，坚信正义事业必然胜利的精神；就是为了救国救民，不怕任何艰难险阻，不惜付出一切牺牲的精神；就是坚持独立自主、实事求是，一切从实际出发的精神；就是顾全大局、严守纪律、紧密团结的精神；就是紧紧依靠人民群众，同人民群众生死相依、患难与共、艰苦奋斗的精神”。作为中国共产党人精神谱系的重要组成部分，长征精神自诞生之日起，便成为凝聚民族力量、推动事业前进的强大精神动力。党的十八大以来，习近平高度重视伟大长征精神的传承与弘扬，多次在重要场合回望长征历史、阐释伟大长征精神，形成了一系列内涵丰富、思想深邃的重要论述。立足中国式现代化建设与民族复兴伟业的现实语境，结合新时代新征程使命任务，从学理层面系统探究习近平关于伟大长征精神重要论述的生成逻辑，深入剖析其中蕴含的实践要求和时代意涵，不仅能够丰富和完善学界对于中国共产党人精神谱系的研究体系，更为在新征程上大力传承和弘扬伟大长征精神，走好新时代长征路注入持久精神力量。

I. The Generative Logic of Xi Jinping’s Important Discourses on the Great Long March Spirit

一、习近平关于伟大长征精神重要论述的生成逻辑

Xi Jinping’s important discourses on the great Long March spirit did not emerge by chance; they are the inevitable product of the organic unity of three major logics: being rooted in scientific theory, grasping the historical context, and responding to the needs of the times. They reflect a scientific interpretation of the great Long March spirit that possesses theoretical depth, historical thickness, and contemporary warmth.

习近平关于伟大长征精神重要论述并非偶然形成，而是植根科学理论、把握历史脉络、回应时代需要等三大逻辑有机统一的必然产物，体现出对伟大长征精神兼具理论深度、历史厚度与现实温度的科学阐释。

(I) Based on the Deep Integration of the Fundamental Principles of Marxism and Fine Traditional Chinese Culture

（一）立足马克思主义基本原理与中华优秀传统文化的深度融合

Xi Jinping’s important discourses on the great Long March spirit both activate the contemporary value of fine traditional Chinese culture through Marxist standpoints, viewpoints, and methods, and interpret the truth power of Marxism using nationalized and popularized cultural expressions. This endows the great Long March spirit with both the theoretical purity of the proletarian revolutionary spirit and the unique cultural identity of the Chinese nation, providing solid theoretical support for this spirit to transcend time and space and be passed down forever.

习近平关于伟大长征精神重要论述，既以马克思主义立场观点方法激活了中华优秀传统文化的时代价值，也用民族化、大众化的文化表达方式诠释着马克思主义的真理力量，使伟大长征精神兼具无产阶级革命精神的理论纯度和中华民族特有的文化辨识度，为这一精神跨越时空、永续传承提供了坚实的理论支撑。

From the perspective of the essential laws of the role of spirit, this series of important discourses achieves the innovative development of Marxist scientific truth and traditional Chinese governance wisdom. On the one hand, Marxism opposes exaggerating spiritual power as the sole factor determining history, steadfastly adhering to the materialist stance that the mode of production of material life fundamentally constrains social development, while also highly valuing the role of spirit as an important dynamic force driving social change, emphasizing the dialectical principle that “theory, once grasped by the masses, also becomes material force.” Based on this, Xi Jinping profoundly pointed out: “The characteristics and endowments of the Chinese people have not only forged the Chinese civilization that has developed for thousands of years, but also profoundly influence contemporary China’s development and progress, and profoundly influence the spiritual world of contemporary Chinese people.” On the other hand, spirit originates from practice, and its inheritance and development must also be combined with contemporary reality. As Engels said: “Like any new doctrine, it must first proceed from the existing intellectual materials, although its roots are deeply embedded in the material economic facts.” Therefore, this series of important discourses aligns with the cultural wisdom of fine traditional Chinese culture of “passing the torch from generation to generation and carrying forward the cause into the future,” follows the essential requirements of Marxist spiritual continuity, and, guided by the great founding spirit of the Party, achieves the resonance of red genes, scientific theory, and cultural roots in inheriting and promoting the great Long March spirit. Moreover, grounded in the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a New Era, it transforms the great Long March spirit into a powerful spiritual force inspiring the Chinese nation to move forward forever on the new journey of national rejuvenation through entirely new contemporary discourse expressions.

从精神作用的本质规律看，这一系列重要论述实现了马克思主义科学真理与中华传统治国智慧的创新发展。一方面，马克思主义既反对将精神力量夸大为决定历史的唯一因素，始终坚守物质生活的生产方式从根本上制约着社会发展的唯物主义立场，又高度重视精神作为推动社会变革重要能动力量的作用，强调“理论一经掌握群众，也会变成物质力量”的辩证法原理。基于此，习近平曾深刻指出：“中国人民的特质、禀赋不仅铸就了绵延几千年发展至今的中华文明，而且深刻影响着当代中国发展进步，深刻影响着当代中国人的精神世界”。另一方面，精神源于实践，其传承与发展也必须与当代实际相结合，正如恩格斯所言：“同任何新的学说一样，它必须首先从已有的思想材料出发，虽然它的根子深深扎在物质的经济的事实中”。因此，这一系列重要论述契合了中华优秀传统文化“薪火相传、继往开来”的文脉智慧，遵循着马克思主义精神延续的本质要求，更以伟大建党精神为统领，在传承弘扬伟大长征精神中实现了红色基因、科学理论与文化根脉的同频共振，并立足新时代中国特色社会主义伟大实践，通过全新的时代话语表达，将伟大长征精神转化为激励中华民族在民族复兴新征程上永续前行的强大精神力量。

From the perspective of the core connotation of the great Long March spirit, this series of important discourses achieves a deep integration of Marxist standpoints and viewpoints with fine traditional Chinese value concepts. First, it combines the Marxist idea of national liberation and internationalism—“Proletarians and oppressed peoples of the world, unite!”—with the spirit of responsibility and feelings for family and country in fine traditional Chinese culture, such as “everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the world,” highlighting the revolutionary ideals, patriotism, and national righteousness contained in the great Long March spirit. Second, it integrates the Marxist people’s standpoint with the traditional Chinese concepts of “a world of great harmony” and “the people are the foundation of the state,” emphasizing the spiritual core of relying closely on the masses and clarifying the value destination of the great Long March spirit. Third, it aligns the Marxist methodological principle that “practice is the sole criterion for testing truth” with the traditional Chinese wisdom of “unity of knowledge and action” and “verifying knowledge through action,” endowing the great Long March spirit with distinct practical characteristics. Fourth, it elevates the Chinese nation’s individual character of unremitting self-improvement into a collective will, integrating it with the Marxist principle of collectivism that safeguards the overall interests of the workers’ movement. It transforms the revolutionary spirit connotation of the proletariat upholding justice and serving the overall situation embodied in the great Long March spirit into perceptible and actionable behavioral norms for the New Era, enabling the great Long March spirit to possess a scientific theoretical framework and powerful truth force.

从伟大长征精神的核心内涵来看，这一系列重要论述实现了马克思主义立场观点与中华优秀传统价值理念的深度贯通。一是将“全世界无产者和被压迫民族联合起来”的马克思主义民族解放思想与国际主义理念，同中华优秀传统文化中“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”的担当精神与家国情怀相结合，彰显了伟大长征精神蕴含的革命理想、爱国主义与民族大义；二是将马克思主义的人民立场与中华优秀传统文化中“天下大同、民为邦本”的思想理念相贯通，突出紧紧依靠人民群众的精神内核，明确了伟大长征精神的价值归宿；三是将“实践是检验真理的唯一标准”这一马克思主义方法论原则与中华民族“知行合一”“以行证知”的传统智慧相契合，赋予了伟大长征精神鲜明的实践特征；四是将中华民族自强不息的个体品格升华为集体意志，与马克思主义维护工人运动整体利益的集体主义原则相融合，把伟大长征精神所体现的无产阶级坚守正义、服务大局的革命精神内涵，转化为新时代可感知、可践行的行为准则，使伟大长征精神具备了科学的理论框架和强大的真理力量。

(II) Theoretical Condensation Based on the Historical Generative Mechanism and Inheritance and Evolution Trajectory of the Long March Spirit

（二）基于长征精神的历史生成机理与传承演进脉络的理论凝练

Xi Jinping’s important discourses on the great Long March spirit take profound historical retrospection as their source and systematic spiritual inheritance as their flow, ultimately sublimating into an ontological interpretation and systematic construction of this spirit. This series of important discourses is both grounded in the original context of the spirit’s generation in the desperate circumstances of revolution and incorporates the interpretations of the Long March spirit from different eras; it both adheres to the essential stipulations of the core connotation of the Long March spirit and responds to the practical demands of the New Era, ultimately forming a systematic theoretical system that connects history and reality, and links inheritance and development, demonstrating profound historical logic.

习近平关于伟大长征精神重要论述，以厚重的历史回溯为源，以系统的精神传承为流，最终升华为对这一精神的本体性阐释与体系化建构。这一系列重要论述既立足于革命绝境中精神生成的本源语境，又吸纳了不同时代对长征精神的诠释成果；既坚守长征精神核心内核的本质规定性，又回应了新时代的实践诉求，最终形成贯通历史与现实、联结传承与发展的系统理论体系，彰显了深厚的历史逻辑。

From the perspective of the historical generative mechanism, this series of important discourses takes the historical facts of the Long March as its fundamental starting point, clearly tracing the special historical circumstances in which the Long March spirit was conceived and produced. In the 1930s, due to the serious erroneous leadership of “Left” dogmatism within the Party, the Central Red Army suffered a heavy defeat in the Fifth Counter-Encirclement Campaign and was forced to abandon the Central Revolutionary Base Area to implement a strategic shift. Thus, the Long March became a life-and-death test concerning the future of the revolution. It was precisely in this arduous expedition for survival and victory that the Chinese Communists and the Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army, with their lives and courage, answered the practical questions of “how to survive, how to win battles, and how to save China.” In the extremely difficult struggle environment, the Long March spirit was conceived and born, which also became the basis for the formation and the ideological source of Xi Jinping’s important discourses on the great Long March spirit.

从历史生成机理来看，这一系列重要论述以长征史实为根本出发点，清晰回溯了长征精神孕育产生的特殊历史境遇。20世纪30年代，由于党内“左”倾教条主义的严重错误领导，中央红军第五次反“围剿”遭遇重创，被迫放弃中央革命根据地实施战略转移，长征由此成为一场关乎革命前途的生死考验。正是在这场求生存、谋胜利的艰辛远征中，中国共产党人和工农红军用生命与勇气，回答着“如何活下去、如何打胜仗、如何救中国”的现实追问，在极端困难的斗争环境中，孕育催生了长征精神，这也成为习近平关于伟大长征精神重要论述的形成依据与思想源头。

Viewed through the trajectory of inheritance and evolution, the transmission and development of the Long March spirit never ceased after the victory of the Long March; its core connotations have endured over time, while simultaneously evolving new expressions adapted to the needs of reality in different historical contexts. On October 15, 1935, Chen Yun delivered a report at a meeting of the Secretariat of the Executive Committee of the Communist International, systematically recounting the Red Army’s Long March and the Zunyi Conference. This report was an important early Party document that systematically summarized the experience of the Long March’s victory and touched upon the core elements of the Long March spirit. In December of the same year, at a meeting of Party activists in Wayaobao, northern Shaanxi, Mao Zedong explicitly put forward the important thesis that “the Long March is the first of its kind in the historical record, the Long March is a declaration, the Long March is a propaganda team, the Long March is a seeding machine,” scientifically elucidating the spiritual value and other major significance of the Long March. After the founding of New China, the Long March became a cultural symbol of the entire nation’s tenacious struggle in adversity and continuous exploration into the unknown, and the Long March spirit became an important spiritual force for the whole nation to break through external blockades and independently advance national construction. Entering the new period of reform and opening up and socialist modernization, the historical task facing the Chinese Communist Party was no longer the life-and-death test of bullets and shells in the era of revolutionary war, but rather how to break through ideological shackles and stimulate innovative vitality during the transformation of the economic system. Deng Xiaoping emphasized at the closing session of the Central Work Conference of the Party Central Committee held in December 1978: “Now, we can say with confidence that the entire Party, the entire army, and the people of all ethnic groups across the country, under the correct leadership of the Party Central Committee, will surely continue to achieve new victories in the new Long March.” During this period, Chinese Communists, combining the characteristics of the new era, made new summaries and interpretations of the contemporary connotations and inheritance value of the Long March spirit. Jiang Zemin proposed: “The Long March spirit is the highest manifestation of the Chinese nation’s indomitable and self-reliant national spirit, and it is a powerful spiritual force ensuring our revolutionary and construction undertakings move from victory to victory.” Hu Jintao emphasized: “The Long March spirit is a vivid reflection of the revolutionary demeanor of Chinese Communists and the people’s army, a concentrated display of the Chinese nation’s self-reliant national character, and the highest embodiment of the national spirit centered on patriotism.” Entering the New Era, Xi Jinping, based on the overall situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, further deepened the scientific interpretation of the contemporary value of inheriting and promoting the great Long March spirit. He emphasized: “The great Long March spirit, as an important component of the red genes and spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists, has deeply merged into the blood and soul of the Chinese nation, becoming a rich nourishment for the core socialist values and a powerful spiritual driving force that encourages and inspires the Chinese people to continuously overcome difficulties and move from victory to victory.” These series of discourses from different periods constitute a complete trajectory of the Long March spirit from its historical formation to its contemporary sublimation, confirming the historical continuity of the Long March spirit while highlighting the contemporary innovation of Xi Jinping’s relevant important discourses.

从传承演进脉络而言，长征胜利后，长征精神的传承与发展从未中断，其核心内涵经久不衰，同时又在不同时代语境下演化出适配现实需求的全新表达。1935年10月15日，陈云在共产国际执行委员会书记处会议上所作的报告，系统汇报了红军长征与遵义会议的情况。这份报告是党内较早系统总结长征胜利经验、提及长征精神核心要素的重要文献；同年12月，毛泽东在陕北瓦窑堡党的活动分子会议上，明确提出“长征是历史纪录上的第一次，长征是宣言书，长征是宣传队，长征是播种机”的重要论断，对长征的精神价值等重大意义作出科学阐释。新中国成立后，长征成为全国人民在困境中坚韧抗争、于未知中持续探索的文化符号，长征精神成为全民族为打破外部封锁，独立自主推进国家建设的重要精神力量。进入改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期，中国共产党面临的历史任务，已不再是革命战争年代枪林弹雨的生死考验，而是如何解决在经济体制转型过程中突破思想桎梏，激发创新活力的发展难题。邓小平在1978年12月召开的中共中央工作会议闭幕会上强调：“现在，我们可以有把握地说，全党、全军和全国各族人民在党中央的正确领导下，在新的长征中，一定会不断取得新的胜利。”这一时期，中国共产党人结合新的时代特点，对长征精神的时代内涵、传承价值等进行了新的概括与诠释。江泽民提出：“长征精神，是中华民族百折不挠、自强不息的民族精神的最高体现，是保证我们革命和建设事业从胜利走向胜利的强大精神力量。”胡锦涛强调：“长征精神，是中国共产党人和人民军队革命风范的生动反映，是中华民族自强不息的民族品格的集中展示，是以爱国主义为核心的民族精神的最高体现。”进入新时代，习近平立足民族复兴伟业全局，进一步深化了对继承和弘扬伟大长征精神时代价值的科学阐释，他强调：“伟大长征精神，作为中国共产党人红色基因和精神族谱的重要组成部分，已经深深融入中华民族的血脉和灵魂，成为社会主义核心价值观的丰富滋养，成为鼓舞和激励中国人民不断攻坚克难、从胜利走向胜利的强大精神动力”。上述不同时期的系列论述，构成了长征精神从历史生成到时代升华的完整脉络，既印证了长征精神的历史延续性，更凸显了习近平相关重要论述的时代创新性。

(3) An Important Spiritual Need to Gather Strength for National Rejuvenation in Order to Confront Risks and Challenges in the New Era

（三）凝聚民族复兴力量以应对新时代风险挑战的重要精神需求

The formation and development of Xi Jinping’s important discourses on the great Long March spirit are deeply rooted in the real soil of Chinese society in the New Era, precisely targeting the practical goal of advancing the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation. They are an inevitable product of activating spiritual strength to solve development problems under new historical conditions.

习近平关于伟大长征精神重要论述的形成与发展，深深植根于新时代中国社会的现实土壤，精准锚定推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业的实践目标，是在新的历史条件下激活精神力量以破解发展难题的必然产物。

The need to respond to the developmental pressures brought by various risks and challenges constitutes the practical demand for the formation of this series of important discourses. Xi Jinping emphasized: “Turning the blueprint into reality is a new Long March. The road is still long, but time waits for no one, and there is no room for the slightest slack. We must never be complacent, seek ease and comfort, or indulge in pleasure and forget our worries. We must remain true to our original aspiration and founding mission, strive with vigor, and work hard to create brilliant achievements worthy of the New Era!”[6]6 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the First Session of the 13th National People’s Congress,” March 20, 2018. Currently, changes unseen in a century are accelerating, global challenges such as geopolitical conflicts and public health incidents emerge one after another, and the rise of unilateralism and protectionism leads to intensified turbulence in the international order. Domestically, the tasks of reform, development, and maintaining stability are arduous and heavy, with various risks and hidden dangers intertwined and叠加. The mission and task of the Chinese Communist Party on the new journey of the New Era is to comprehensively advance the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization. In the process of achieving the second centenary goal, it is necessary to scientifically grasp the realistic opportunities for advancing high-quality development, while paying more attention to resolving the deep-seated contradictions of unbalanced and inadequate development. It is necessary to focus on overcoming the “bottleneck” problems in the field of scientific and technological innovation, and also to explore practical paths for achieving common prosperity according to local conditions. These tasks are like the “Loushan Pass” and “Lazikou”[7]7 Loushan Pass and Lazikou are two strategically important and fiercely contested locations along the route of the Long March, often used metaphorically to refer to formidable obstacles. on the Long March road, equally testing the will and wisdom of the Party and the people. Based on this, in order to effectively cope with major tests of high winds, choppy waters, and even raging waves, systematically elucidating the core essence and contemporary value of the great Long March spirit, and guiding the whole society to draw historical wisdom from it, naturally becomes a practical demand for theory to respond to practice, thereby promoting the formation and development of Xi Jinping’s important discourses on the great Long March spirit.

为应对各类风险挑战带来的发展压力，构成了这一系列重要论述形成的现实诉求。习近平强调：“把蓝图变为现实，是一场新的长征。路虽然还很长，但时间不等人，容不得有半点懈怠。我们决不能安于现状、贪图安逸、乐而忘忧，必须不忘初心、牢记使命、奋发有为，努力创造属于新时代的光辉业绩！”当前，世界百年未有之大变局加速演进，地缘政治冲突、公共卫生事件等全球性挑战层出不穷，单边主义、保护主义抬头导致国际秩序动荡加剧；国内改革发展稳定任务艰巨繁重，各类风险隐患交织叠加。新时代新征程中国共产党的使命任务是以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业。在实现第二个百年奋斗目标的发展进程中，既要科学把握推进高质量发展的现实机遇，更要注重破解发展不平衡不充分的深层次矛盾；既要着力攻克科技创新领域的“卡脖子”难题，也要因地制宜探索实现共同富裕的实践路径。这些任务如同当年长征路上的“娄山关”“腊子口”，同样考验着党和人民的意志与智慧。基于此，为有效应对风高浪急甚至惊涛骇浪的重大考验，系统阐释伟大长征精神的核心要义与时代价值，引导全社会从中汲取历史智慧，自然成为理论回应实践的现实诉求，也由此推动习近平关于伟大长征精神重要论述的形成与发展。

The urgent need to strengthen the Party’s own construction constitutes an inevitable requirement for the formation of this series of important discourses. Xi Jinping once used the “story of the quartermaster”[8]8 This refers to a widely recounted episode from the Long March in which a Red Army quartermaster froze to death while guarding supplies, embodying selfless dedication and discipline. to admonish the entire Party. He pointed out: “Consciousness may seem intangible, but at critical moments it reveals great power. Our Party relied on the selfless dedication of thousands upon thousands of advanced elements with high political consciousness to win one arduous struggle after another.” However, it must also be soberly recognized that on the new journey of the New Era, the construction of the Party’s advanced nature and purity still faces realistic challenges such as the “four major tests” and the “four dangers.”[9]9 The “four major tests” refer to tests of governance, reform and opening up, the market economy, and the external environment. The “four dangers” refer to the dangers of spiritual slackness, insufficient capacity, detachment from the masses, and negative corruption. At the ideological level, some Party cadres have weakened their ideals and beliefs, lacking deep understanding of the spiritual core that “revolutionary ideals are higher than the sky.” At the organizational level, problems such as the weakening of the combat fortress role of grassroots Party organizations and the insufficient exemplary vanguard role of Party members have not yet been fundamentally resolved. At the work style level, stubborn and chronic problems such as formalism and bureaucracy rebound from time to time, damaging the flesh-and-blood connection between the Party and the masses. The overall situation awareness, organizational concept, and mass standpoint contained in the great Long March spirit are precisely the spiritual keys to enhancing the Party’s governance capacity and leadership level in the New Era. Therefore, activating the contemporary vitality of the great Long March spirit through theoretical construction to strengthen the Party’s own construction, and enhancing the political consciousness and service awareness of Party cadres in undertaking their work, have become key factors driving the systematic formation of Xi Jinping’s important discourses on the great Long March spirit.

加强党的自身建设的迫切需要，构成这一系列重要论述形成的必然要求。习近平曾用“军需处长的故事”告诫全党，他指出：“觉悟看似无形，关键时就会显现出强大力量。我们党就是靠着千千万万具有高度政治觉悟的先进分子无私奉献，才赢得了一场场艰苦卓绝的斗争”。但也应清醒意识到，新时代新征程党的先进性和纯洁性建设依然面临着“四大考验”“四种危险”等现实挑战。在思想层面，部分党员干部理想信念淡化，对“革命理想高于天”的精神内核体悟不深；在组织层面，基层党组织战斗堡垒作用弱化、党员先锋模范作用发挥不足等问题仍未根本解决；在作风层面，形式主义、官僚主义等顽瘴痼疾时有反弹，损害着党同人民群众的血肉联系等等。而伟大长征精神中所蕴含的大局意识、组织观念、群众立场等，正是新时代着力提升党的执政能力与领导水平的精神密钥。因此，通过理论建构激活伟大长征精神的时代生命力以加强党的自身建设，提高党员干部干事创业的政治自觉与服务意识，成为推动习近平关于伟大长征精神重要论述系统形成的关键因素。

The need to solve practical problems in the inheritance of the national spirit constitutes the direct motivation for the formation of this series of important discourses. Xi Jinping profoundly pointed out: “Today’s China is at a critical period of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. National strength and rejuvenation require the accumulation of material civilization, but even more so the sublimation of cultural-ethical progress.” In an era of increasingly abundant material life, some groups, especially the younger generation, have gradually weakened their understanding of revolutionary history and lack a deep comprehension of related revolutionary spirits, leading to risks of “emptiness” and “weakening” in spiritual inheritance. At the same time, facing the impact of diverse cultural trends, there is an urgent need to consolidate national consensus with distinct spiritual symbols. How to transform the Long March spirit from historical memory into fresh nourishment for the times through systematic theoretical interpretation, and from revolutionary tradition into perceptible and actionable behavioral norms, is a major issue facing the inheritance and promotion of the great Long March spirit on the new journey of the New Era. Therefore, this theoretical construction responding to the needs of spiritual inheritance constitutes an important logical starting point for the formation of Xi Jinping’s important discourses on the great Long March spirit.

破解民族精神传承存在的现实问题，构成这一系列重要论述形成的直接动因。习近平曾深刻指出：“当今中国正处于实现中华民族伟大复兴关键时期，国家强盛、民族复兴需要物质文明的积累，更需要精神文明的升华”。在物质生活日益丰裕的时代背景下，部分群体尤其是年轻一代对革命历史的认知逐渐淡化，对相关革命精神缺乏深刻理解，导致在精神传承方面出现“虚化”“弱化”风险。同时，面对多元文化思潮的冲击，亟待以鲜明的精神标识凝聚民族共识。如何通过系统性的理论阐释将长征精神从历史记忆层面转化为鲜活时代养分，从革命传统转化为可感知、可践行的行为准则，是新时代新征程传承好、弘扬好伟大长征精神面临的一个重大课题。因而，这种回应精神传承需求的理论建构，成为习近平关于伟大长征精神重要论述形成的重要逻辑起点。

II. The Practical Orientation of Xi Jinping’s Important Discourses on the Great Long March Spirit

二、习近平关于伟大长征精神重要论述的实践指向

Xi Jinping’s important discourses on the great Long March spirit, based on reviewing the historical facts of the Long March and grounded in the mission and task of comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization on the new journey, provide spiritual guidance and practical principles for carrying out the great struggle with many new historical features.

习近平关于伟大长征精神重要论述，在回溯长征史实的基础上，立足新征程以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业的使命任务，为进行具有许多新的历史特点的伟大斗争提供了精神指引与实践遵循。

(1) Anchoring the Spiritual Core of “Revolutionary Ideals Are Higher than the Sky,” Taking the Firming of Ideals and Convictions as the Foundation of Soul-Shaping

（一）锚定“革命理想高于天”的精神内核，将坚定理想信念作为铸魂之本

Firm ideals and convictions, as the core element and soul of the basic connotation of the Great Long March Spirit, provide an important ideological foundation and value guidance for the practice of the other dimensions of its connotation. Xi Jinping emphasized: “In the Central Soviet Area and on the Long March, the Party and the Red Army, relying on firm ideals and convictions and a strong revolutionary will, repeatedly emerged from desperate situations, grew stronger in the face of setbacks, and ultimately achieved victory, creating incredible miracles.” This series of important discourses not only traces back to the historical origins of the Great Long March Spirit but also reveals the primary position of firm ideals and convictions within its system of connotation. Moreover, based on the general requirements of Party building in the New Era, it provides basic guidance for Chinese Communists to fortify the foundation of their faith and steady the helm of their thought.

坚定理想信念作为伟大长征精神基本内涵的核心要素与灵魂，为其他维度的内涵践行提供重要思想根基与价值引领。习近平强调：“在中央苏区和长征途中，党和红军就是依靠坚定的理想信念和坚强的革命意志，一次次绝境重生，愈挫愈勇，最后取得了胜利，创造了难以置信的奇迹。”这一系列重要论述既回溯了伟大长征精神的历史本源，也揭示了坚定理想信念在其内涵体系中的首要地位，更立足新时代党的建设总要求，为中国共产党人筑牢信仰之基、把稳思想之舵提供了基本遵循。

Looking back on the course of the Long March, ideals and convictions were the core support for the Red Army to break through desperate situations and the spiritual compass for transcending life and death. For example, on the 25,000-li [n10] journey where, on average, one soldier fell every 300 meters, Red Army soldiers would rather endure hunger than abandon half a belt, carrying it to Yan’an to see Chairman Mao. “This is the power of faith, a vivid portrayal of ‘following the Party with a steadfast heart.’” [n11] Another example: in the Battle of the Xiangjiang River, the heroic sacrifice of Chen Shuxiang, [n12] commander of the 34th Division of the Red Army, who “expressed his resolve by severing his intestines,” [n13] is a vivid interpretation of how ideals and convictions supported the revolutionary will. Amid the snowy mountains and grasslands, Red Army soldiers overcame the trials of hunger, cold, and the boundary between life and death, creating a miracle in the history of human warfare and profoundly interpreting the spiritual meaning of “revolutionary ideals higher than heaven.” [n14] This ideal and conviction, tempered through blood and fire, has become an indelible spiritual emblem of Chinese Communists.

回望长征历程，理想信念是红军突破绝境的核心支撑，是跨越生死的精神罗盘。例如，在平均每300米就有一名战士牺牲的二万五千里征途上，红军战士宁肯忍饥挨饿，也要将半截皮带留下来，带着它去延安见毛主席，“这就是信仰的力量，就是‘铁心跟党走’的生动写照。”再例如，湘江战役中，红三十四师师长陈树湘“断肠明志”的壮烈牺牲，正是理想信念支撑革命意志的生动诠释。雪山草地间，红军战士战胜了饥寒交迫与生死考验，创造了人类战争史上的奇迹，深刻诠释了“革命理想高于天”的精神意蕴。这份历经血与火淬炼的理想信念，已成为中国共产党人永不褪色的精神标识。

The firm ideals and convictions manifested in the Great Long March Spirit were not only the fundamental support for the Red Army’s victory over the enemy in history but also a precious asset for Communists in the New Era to respond to risks and challenges and advance the cause of development. When visiting the Memorial Park for the Red Army’s Long March Xiangjiang River Battle, Xi Jinping pointed out: “On the new Long March to achieve the Second Centenary Goal, [n15] we must hold firm to the conviction of victory, have the courage to overcome various major risks and challenges from both domestic and international sources, and forge ahead courageously toward the goal of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.” Therefore, inheriting and carrying forward the Great Long March Spirit in the New Era centers on transforming the spiritual core of firm ideals and convictions into a practical path for supplementing the spiritual “calcium,” [n16] promoting the normalization and institutionalization of ideals and convictions education. Specifically, it is necessary to unwaveringly uphold the lofty ideal of communism and the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics. This requires not only building firm ideals and convictions on a profound understanding of scientific theory and a precise grasp of historical laws, using theoretical armament to forge a solid foundation for ideals and convictions, but also tempering loyal character through political training, unifying firm ideals and convictions with the practice of the Two Upholds, [n17] continuously improving political judgment, political understanding, and political execution, and transforming ideals and convictions into concrete actions of absolute loyalty to the Party. Furthermore, it is essential to manifest the power of faith through practical commitment, rooting ideals and convictions in the lofty value of serving the people, transforming them into a conscious drive derived from faith, and providing a powerful endogenous impetus for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization.

伟大长征精神中彰显的坚定理想信念，不仅是历史上红军克敌制胜的根本支撑，更是新时代共产党人应对风险挑战、推进事业发展的宝贵财富。习近平在参观红军长征湘江战役纪念园时曾指出：“在实现第二个百年奋斗目标的新长征路上，我们要抱定必胜信念，勇于战胜来自国内外的各种重大风险挑战，朝着实现中华民族伟大复兴的目标奋勇前进”。因此，新时代继承和弘扬伟大长征精神，核心在于将坚定理想信念的精神内核转化为补足精神之“钙”的实践路径，推动理想信念教育常态化、制度化。具体而言，必须毫不动摇地秉持共产主义远大理想和中国特色社会主义共同理想，既要将坚定的理想信念建立于对科学理论的深刻理解与对历史规律的精准把握之上，以理论武装铸牢理想信念根基；又要通过政治历练锤炼忠诚品格，把坚定理想信念与践行“两个维护”相统一，不断提高政治判断力、政治领悟力、政治执行力，将理想信念转化为对党绝对忠诚的具体行动；更要以实践担当彰显信仰力量，使理想信念根植于为民服务的崇高价值，转化为源于信仰的行动自觉，为以中国式现代化实现中华民族伟大复兴提供强大内生动力。

(II) Carrying forward the heroic spirit of “fearing no hardship and daring to sacrifice,” forging the willpower to overcome difficulties

（二）弘扬“不畏艰险、敢于牺牲”的英雄气概，锻造攻坚克难的意志支撑

Fearing no hardship and daring to sacrifice is a high-level distillation of the Great Long March Spirit and a spiritual demeanor tempered by Chinese Communists and the Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army in extreme adversity. Xi Jinping pointed out: “The vast majority of Party members and cadres must keep in mind the Party’s ideals, convictions, and fundamental purpose, must carry forward the Great Long March Spirit, must promote the spirit of struggle from the revolutionary war years that dared to fight and feared no difficulty, and have the courage to overcome various difficulties, obstacles, risks, and challenges, striving to win new victories for socialism with Chinese characteristics in the New Era.” This series of important discourses profoundly reveals the dialectical unity between firm ideals and convictions and the promotion of the spirit of struggle. It not only fully demonstrates the spiritual backbone of Chinese Communists but also provides spiritual guidance for forging strong willpower and character among Party members and cadres in the New Era.

不畏艰险、敢于牺牲是伟大长征精神的高度凝练，是中国共产党人和工农红军在极端困境中淬炼出的精神风范。习近平指出：“广大党员干部必须牢记党的理想信念和根本宗旨，必须弘扬伟大的长征精神，必须发扬革命战争年代那种敢于战斗、不怕困难的奋斗精神，勇于战胜各种艰难险阻、风险挑战，奋力夺取新时代中国特色社会主义新胜利。”这一系列重要论述深刻揭示了坚定理想信念与发扬斗争精神的辩证统一，既充分彰显了中国共产党人的精神风骨，也为新时代党员干部队伍锻造过硬意志品质提供了精神指引。

The 25,000-li Long March, as a magnificent epic in the history of the Chinese revolution, centrally displays the revolutionary heroic spirit and struggle character of Chinese Communists and the Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army. According to historical records, during the Long March, the Red Army experienced over 600 battles and engagements, successfully crossed nearly a hundred rivers, climbed over forty-odd high mountains and perilous peaks, and traversed vast, boundless grasslands. Facing the hail of bullets from the Kuomintang army, a military situation with a vast disparity in strength between enemy and ourselves, extremely harsh natural ecological conditions, and the survival challenge of extreme shortages of food and supplies, the Red Army always carried forward the “lofty spirit of facing death as if returning home, seeking life from death, advancing undauntedly, and daring to overcome all difficulties without being overcome by any difficulty,” [n18] breaking through from desperate situations and advancing amidst sacrifice. They created a series of military feats recorded in history, such as crossing the Chishui River four times, skillfully crossing the Jinsha River, forcibly crossing the Dadu River, and seizing the Luding Bridge by flight. This magnificent and glorious process not only created an unprecedented epic in the history of world warfare and even the history of human civilization but also, through its arduous and extraordinary practical exploration, deeply forged the revolutionary heroism of fearing no hardship and daring to sacrifice into the spiritual genealogy and identity of Chinese Communists, making it an indelible core gene and fundamental trait flowing in the Party’s red bloodline.

二万五千里长征作为中国革命史上的壮丽史诗，集中展现了中国共产党人和工农红军的革命英雄气概与奋斗品格。据史料记载，长征途中，红军累计经历600余次战役战斗，成功跨越近百条江河，翻越四十余座高山险峰，穿越广袤无垠的茫茫草地。面对国民党军队枪林弹雨、敌我力量对比悬殊的军事格局、极端恶劣的自然生态环境以及粮草物资极度匮乏的生存挑战，红军始终发扬“视死如归、向死而生、一往无前、敢于压倒一切困难而不被任何困难所压倒的崇高精神”，在绝境中突围、在牺牲中奋进，创造了四渡赤水、巧渡金沙江、强渡大渡河、飞夺泸定桥等一系列载入史册的军事壮举。这一波澜壮阔的光辉进程，不仅缔造了世界战争史乃至人类文明演进史中前所未有的壮丽史诗，更以其艰苦卓绝的实践探索，将不畏艰险、敢于牺牲的革命英雄主义气概，深深熔铸进中国共产党人的精神谱系与身份认同之中，使之成为流淌在党的红色血脉中永不褪色的核心基因与根本特质。

Currently, China is in a critical period of advancing toward the Second Centenary Goal. Xi Jinping emphasized: “The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will definitely not be achieved easily, with beating drums and gongs. To overcome various risks and challenges on the path forward, the spirit of struggle is indispensable.” Therefore, carrying forward the strong will and struggle character embodied in the Great Long March Spirit hinges on transforming it into a conscious action for undertaking endeavors and starting undertakings in the New Era. Specifically, facing the “hard bones” in the deep-water zone of reform, it is necessary to muster the drive and pioneering spirit of “cutting a path through mountains and building bridges across rivers,” daring to break through the barriers of entrenched interests. Facing the “bottleneck” problems in the field of science and technology, one should uphold the sense of responsibility of “success need not be in my tenure, but success must have my contribution,” [n19] bravely shouldering heavy burdens and engaging in painstaking research. Facing sudden risks and challenges, one must maintain the resilience and courage of “the more difficult the situation, the more forward one must go,” stepping forward and confronting difficulties head-on. At the same time, attention should be paid to tempering willpower and character through practical trials, using harsh environments as a whetstone to hone Party spirit cultivation and forge spiritual character. This guides the vast majority of Party members and cadres to take root at the grassroots level and in key positions, consciously inherit the red gene, continue the red bloodline, and carry forward the Party’s fine traditions. Through complex social practice and real struggle, they undergo training, gain experience, temper their mettle, and enhance their abilities and qualities, making the struggle character of overcoming difficulties, persevering, and acting with steadfastness a solid spiritual support for the stable and enduring progress of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

当前，中国正处于向第二个百年奋斗目标进军的关键时期。习近平强调：“中华民族伟大复兴绝不是轻轻松松、敲锣打鼓就能实现的。要战胜前进道路上的各种风险挑战，没有斗争精神不行。”因此，弘扬好伟大长征精神蕴含的坚强意志与奋斗品格，关键在于将其转化为新时代干事创业的行动自觉。具体而言，面对改革深水区的“硬骨头”，需拿出“逢山开路、遇水架桥”的干劲闯劲，敢于突破利益固化的藩篱；面对科技领域的“卡脖子”难题，应秉持“功成不必在我、功成必定有我”的责任担当，勇挑重担、刻苦钻研；面对突发风险挑战，要保持“越是艰险越向前”的坚韧勇毅，挺身而出、迎难而上。同时，要注重在实践磨砺中锤炼意志品质，把艰苦环境作为砥砺党性修养、锻造精神品格的磨刀石，引导广大党员干部扎根基层一线、立足关键岗位，自觉传承红色基因、赓续红色血脉、弘扬党的优良作风，在复杂社会实践与现实斗争中经受历练、增长阅历、淬炼筋骨、提升能力素养，使攻坚克难、久久为功、笃行实干的奋斗品格，成为支撑中华民族伟大复兴事业行稳致远的坚实精神依托。

(III) Practicing the basic principle of “independence and proceeding from reality in everything,” adhering to the practical criterion of seeking truth from facts

（三）践行“独立自主、一切从实际出发”的基本遵循，坚持实事求是的实践准则

Independence and seeking truth from facts, as the distinctive features and basic core of the Great Long March Spirit, were not only the key for Chinese Communists to break through the military encirclement and gain strategic initiative during the revolutionary war years but also the consistent ideological banner of the Party in the process of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times.

独立自主和实事求是作为伟大长征精神的鲜明特质与基本内核，既是中国共产党人在革命战争年代突破军事重围、赢得战略主动的关键，也是党在推进马克思主义中国化时代化进程中一以贯之的思想旗帜。

Looking at the entire course of the Long March, this historical process was not only a military practice in which the Party led the Red Army to break through enemy encirclements and complete a strategic breakout, but also a theoretical tempering process in which the Party profoundly shattered the shackles of dogmatic thinking, reshaped the ideological line of seeking truth from facts, deepened the theoretical construction of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context, and independently explored the path of China’s revolutionary development. Specifically, the practical wisdom of independence and self-reliance and seeking truth from facts underwent a complete logical evolution of “posing the problem—establishing it—deepening it” during the Long March. This evolutionary process is clearly reflected in the following: after the failure of the Fifth Counter-Encirclement Campaign[n], the Red Army was forced to carry out a strategic transfer, but in the early stage of the Long March, because it mechanically copied the military guiding principles of the Communist International, divorced from the reality of the Chinese revolution and the actual conditions of Red Army combat, the Central Red Army suffered heavy losses when breaking through the Xiangjiang River blockade line, with its strength plummeting from over 86,000 at the start to just over 30,000. At this critical juncture, the convening of the Zunyi Conference became a great turning point in the Party’s history. The meeting resolutely criticized the “Left” errors within the Party, “factually established Comrade Mao Zedong’s leading position in the Party Central Committee and the Red Army, and began to establish the leadership position of the correct Marxist line mainly represented by Comrade Mao Zedong in the Party Central Committee,” thereby opening a new stage in which the Party independently solved the practical problems of the Chinese revolution. Thereafter, the Party and the Red Army adhered to proceeding from reality, based on actual conditions such as the balance of forces between enemy and self and the characteristics of the geographical environment, flexibly applied strategic and tactical methods such as mobile warfare and guerrilla warfare, achieved a strategic transformation from passive beating to active attack, and opened up a new situation for the Chinese revolutionary cause.

纵观长征全程，这一历史进程不仅是党领导红军冲破敌军围堵、完成战略突围的军事实践过程，更是党深刻打破教条主义思想桎梏、重塑实事求是思想路线、深化马克思主义中国化理论建构、独立自主探寻中国革命发展道路的理论淬炼过程。具体而言，独立自主、实事求是的实践智慧在长征中经历了“破题—确立—深化”的完整逻辑演进。这一演进过程清晰地体现在：第五次反“围剿”失败后，红军被迫实行战略转移，但在长征初期因机械照搬共产国际的军事指导原则，脱离了中国革命实际和红军作战实际，导致中央红军在突破湘江封锁线时遭受重大损失，兵力从出发时的8.6万锐减至3万余人。危急关头，遵义会议的召开成为党历史上的伟大转折。会议坚决批判了党内“左”倾错误，“事实上确立了毛泽东同志在党中央和红军的领导地位，开始确立以毛泽东同志为主要代表的马克思主义正确路线在党中央的领导地位”，由此开启了党独立自主解决中国革命实际问题的新阶段。此后，党和红军坚持从实际出发，立足敌我力量对比、地理环境特征等实际条件，灵活运用运动战、游击战等战略战术，实现了从被动挨打向主动出击的战略转变，打开了中国革命事业的新局面。

Xi Jinping emphasizes that we must “deeply comprehend the original aspiration and founding mission of Communists from the Long March spirit and the Zunyi Conference spirit, implement the general requirements for Party building in the New Era, seek truth from facts and uphold truth, respond scientifically and seek change proactively, hold fast to the goal and forge ahead courageously, and walk well the Long March road of the New Era.” Currently, Chinese-path modernization has entered a critical stage of climbing over ridges and crossing passes, and it is all the more necessary to implement well the practical requirements contained in the great Long March spirit. First, deepen the theoretical consciousness of the Two Integrations[n], both adhering to the Marxist stance, viewpoint, and method and drawing on the wisdom nutrients contained in fine traditional Chinese culture, such as “ceaseless self-renewal,” “the people are the foundation of the state,” and “adapting measures to local conditions,” and continuously open up new realms of theoretical innovation and practical development. Second, adhere to proceeding from reality in everything, conduct in-depth investigation and research, accurately grasp the stage-specific characteristics of China’s development, the differential features of regional development, and the urgent and difficult problems of the masses, and resolutely discard erroneous tendencies such as formalism and bureaucracy. Third, enhance the awareness of innovation; in the face of new issues presented by the times, such as the digital economy transformation, green and low-carbon development, and the modernization of grassroots governance, we must dare to break through traditional thinking patterns and path dependence, and avoid the simplistic governance model of “one-size-fits-all.” Fourth, strengthen the problem orientation, take solving practical problems such as blockages and difficulties in reform and shortcomings and weaknesses in development as the foothold, both face problems squarely with an attitude of seeking truth from facts and solve difficulties with the courage to blaze new trails, transform the practical requirement of proceeding from reality in everything into actual results that promote high-quality economic and social development, and inject sustained impetus into realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

习近平强调，要“从长征精神和遵义会议精神中深刻感悟共产党人的初心和使命，落实新时代党的建设总要求，实事求是、坚持真理，科学应变、主动求变，咬定目标、勇往直前，走好新时代的长征路”。当前，中国式现代化建设进入爬坡过坎的关键阶段，更需落实好伟大长征精神蕴含的实践要求。其一，深化“两个结合”的理论自觉，既坚守马克思主义的立场观点方法，又汲取中华优秀传统文化中蕴含的“自强不息”“民惟邦本”“因地制宜”等智慧养分，不断开拓理论创新和实践发展新境界。其二，坚持一切从实际出发，深入开展调查研究，精准把握我国发展的阶段性特征、区域发展的差异性特点和群众的急难愁盼问题，坚决摒弃形式主义、官僚主义等错误倾向。其三，增强创新意识，面对数字经济转型、绿色低碳发展、基层治理现代化等时代赋予的新课题，要敢于突破传统思维定式和路径依赖，避免“一刀切”简单化治理模式。其四，强化问题导向，以解决改革中的堵点难点、发展中的短板弱项等实际问题为落脚点，既以实事求是的态度正视问题，又以开拓创新的勇气破解难题，将一切从实际出发的实践要求转化为推动经济社会高质量发展的实际成效，为实现中华民族伟大复兴注入持续动力。

(4) Strengthen the overall situation consciousness of “strictly observing discipline and being closely united,” and gather the collective strength for national rejuvenation

（四）强化“严守纪律、紧密团结”的大局意识，凝聚民族复兴的集体力量

Taking the overall situation into consideration, strictly observing discipline, and being closely united are the core organizational characteristics of the great Long March spirit. The three are dialectically unified and organically connected, constituting the spiritual support and organizational guarantee for the cohesion and combat effectiveness of the Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army, and manifesting the political character and organizational advantages of the revolutionary army under the leadership of the proletarian party.

顾全大局、严守纪律、紧密团结是伟大长征精神的核心组织特质，三者辩证统一、有机衔接，构成工农红军凝聚战斗力的精神支撑与组织保障，彰显了无产阶级政党领导下革命军队的政治品格与组织优势。

“When the Red Army was crossing the grasslands, as soon as the cooks got up, they did not ask whether there was rice to cook today, but first asked whether to go south or north.”

“红军过草地的时候，伙夫同志一起床，不问今天有没有米煮饭，却先问向南走还是向北走。”习近平用这一典型的事例，指出了政治方向是关乎党的前途命运和事业兴衰成败的全局性问题。在战略转移的关键时刻，红一、二、四方面军等各部队始终以革命事业全局为重，历经长途跋涉实现胜利会师，也用实际行动诠释了“维护党的集中统一领导”的大局意识与团结伟力。此外，针对长征途中出现的分裂党和红军的错误行径，党中央坚持原则、果断处置。老一辈无产阶级革命家以“哪有红军打红军的道理”的鲜明立场坚决反对分裂，彰显了其维护党的团结统一与红军整体战斗力的政治自觉。

Standing in the New Era and on the new journey, to carry forward and pass on this spiritual quality well, it is necessary to construct solid organizational support for advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation from three dimensions: overall planning, disciplinary guarantees, and united strength. First, Xi Jinping emphasizes: "For a party to remain inv

立足新时代新征程，传承弘扬好这一精神特质，需从全局统筹、纪律保障、团结聚力三个维度为推进中华民族伟大复兴构建坚实组织支撑。第一，习近平强调：“一个党要立于不败之地，必须立于时代潮头，紧扣新的历史特点，科学谋划全局，牢牢把握战略主动，坚定不移实现我们的战略目标”。基于此，要始终以经济建设为中心，锚定“五位一体”总体布局和“四个全面”战略布局，推动国家治理体系和治理能力现代化，构建起上下贯通、内外联动的组织运行机制，增强各地区、各部门在改革发展工作中的整体性与协同性，在“全国一盘棋”的工作格局中，以系统思维实现“一子落而满盘活”的治理效能，为经济社会高质量发展提供强劲动能。第二，要以全面从严治党为抓手，把严守党的政治纪律和政治规矩摆在更加突出的位置，通过完善党内法规制度体系、强化纪律执行与监督问责，引导广大党员干部知敬畏、存戒惧、守底线，自觉在思想上政治上行动上同党中央保持高度一致，为在新长征路上夺取新的更大胜利提供根本保证。第三，习近平指出：“团结是中国人民和中华民族战胜前进道路上一切风险挑战、不断从胜利走向新的胜利的重要保证”。因而，要充分发挥中国共产党领导的多党合作与政治协商制度优势，凝聚各民主党派、无党派人士的智慧和力量，构建同心同德、同向同行的政治格局；要坚持和完善民族区域自治制度，以铸牢中华民族共同体意识为主线，增进各民族之间交往、交流、交融，促进民族地区繁荣发展与维护国家长治久安；要全面准确贯彻“一国两制”方针，维护香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定，推进祖国和平统一大业；要广泛团结广大侨胞和归侨侨眷，凝聚起海内外中华儿女同心共筑中国梦的磅礴力量，为破解发展难题、应对风险挑战提供有力人才支撑和坚实组织保障。

(5) Establishing the fundamental stance of "relying on the people and serving the people," clarifying the people-centered development thinking

（五）确立“依靠人民、为民服务”的根本立场，明晰人民至上的发展思想

Relying on the people and serving the people are the value source and the foundation of strength of the great Long March spirit. They profoundly manifest the fundamental political stance of the Communist Party of China of putting the people first, and are the core key to the Party and the Red Army winning the heartfelt support of the masses and overcoming all kinds of difficulties and obstacles during the Long March. Xi Jinping pointed out: "Sharing weal and woe, being closely linked in blood, and sharing life and death with the people are the fundamental guarantee for the Communist Party of China and the Red Army to win the Long March, and also the fundamental guarantee for us to overcome all difficulties and risks." This series of important expositions not only fully reveals the historical inevitability of the victory of the Long March, but also clarifies the value guidelines for the Communist Party of China to fulfill its original aspiration and founding mission [n] in the New Era, highlighting the core position of the people's stance in the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists.

依靠人民、为民服务是伟大长征精神的价值本源与力量根基，深刻彰显了中国共产党人民至上的根本政治立场，是党和红军在长征途中赢得群众衷心拥护、战胜各类艰难险阻的核心密钥。习近平指出：“同人民风雨同舟、血脉相通、生死与共，是中国共产党和红军取得长征胜利的根本保证，也是我们战胜一切困难和风险的根本保证。”这一系列重要论述既充分揭示了长征胜利的历史必然性，更明确了新时代中国共产党践行初心使命的价值遵循，凸显了人民立场在中国共产党人精神谱系中的核心地位。

Xi Jinping once pointed out: “The history of the Red Army’s Long March is a history that reflects the deep bond between the army and the people, as close as fish to water.” During the Long March, the Party and the Red Army always placed the people’s interests in the highest position, putting into practice the fundamental purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly through concrete actions. Wherever the Red Army went, it strictly observed the “Three Main Rules of Discipline and the Eight Points for Attention” [21]21 The “Three Main Rules of Discipline and the Eight Points for Attention” were basic rules of conduct for the Red Army, later formalized as the “Three Main Rules of Discipline and the Six Points for Attention” and eventually the “Three Main Rules of Discipline and the Eight Points for Attention” in 1947. They included rules such as “obey orders in all your actions,” “do not take a single needle or piece of thread from the masses,” and “speak politely.” and adhered to iron discipline such as “not taking a single needle or thread from the masses,” winning the trust and support of people of all ethnic groups with genuine sincerity. From “the story of ‘half a quilt’ [22]22 The “half a quilt” story refers to an incident during the Long March in 1934, when three Red Army female soldiers, before leaving a village in Hunan, cut their only quilt in half and gave one half to a poor old woman. It is often cited as a symbol of the Party’s bond with the people. that made the people understand the Communist Party and regard the Party as their own,” to the vivid practice of exemplary implementation of ethnic and religious policies demonstrated in the night talk at Shanjiagou [23]23 The night talk at Shanjiagou refers to an event in October 1935 when Mao Zedong and other Red Army leaders, passing through a Muslim-majority area in Ningxia, stayed overnight at a local imam’s house and discussed ethnic and religious policies, demonstrating respect for local customs and beliefs., and the full support and endorsement of the masses along the route who gave everything they had, all these confirm the historical truth that “the will of the people determines the life or death of the Party” and forged a spiritual bond of shared life and death, of weal and woe, between the Party and the masses.

习近平曾指出：“一部红军长征史，就是一部反映军民鱼水情深的历史。”长征途中，党和红军始终将人民利益置于最高位置，以实际行动践行全心全意为人民服务的根本宗旨。红军所到之处，恪守“三大纪律八项注意”，坚持“不拿群众一针一线”等铁的纪律，用真心实意赢得了各族群众的信任与支持。从“‘半条被子’的故事让人民群众认识了共产党，把党当成自己人”，到单家集夜话所展现的模范执行民族宗教政策的生动实践，以及沿途群众倾其所有的支援与拥护，无不印证着“人心向背关系党的生死存亡”的历史真理，更铸就了党同人民群众生死与共、休戚相关的精神纽带。

The value orientation of promoting the Great Long March Spirit in the New Era [24]24 The “New Era” (新时代) refers to the period beginning with the 19th National Congress of the CPC in 2017, characterized by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and the goal of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. lies at its core in transforming the fundamental stance of “relying on the people and serving the people” into concrete practices and institutional arrangements that implement the people-centered development philosophy. Xi Jinping emphasized: “Today, we must even more firmly strengthen our confidence in the path, fulfill the Party’s vows and promises, share the same fate with the people through thick and thin, flesh and blood, and continue to walk the Long March of the New Era well.” First, we must always adhere to the original aspiration of serving the people, take the people’s aspiration for a better life as our goal of struggle, focus on pressing issues in areas of people’s livelihood such as employment, education, medical care, and elderly care, roll out more concrete and heartwarming measures that benefit the people, ensure that the fruits of development benefit all people more and more fairly, and continuously consolidate the mass base of the Party’s governance. Second, we must insist on seeking advice from the people, asking about their needs, and evaluating results by them, respect the principal position and pioneering spirit of the people, go deep into the grassroots to listen to the voices of the masses and gather their wisdom, take the opinions and suggestions of the masses as important bases for formulating policies and advancing work, and ensure that reform and development always conform to the will of the people. Third, we must cultivate a deep feeling for the people, with the sense of responsibility of “I will have no self, and I will not fail the people,” focus on solving problems of unbalanced and inadequate development, solidly advance common prosperity, make the people’s sense of gain more substantial, their sense of happiness more sustainable, and their sense of security more guaranteed, and thereby gather the broadest, deepest, and most enduring popular strength for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

新时代弘扬伟大长征精神的价值取向，核心在于将“依靠人民、为民服务”的根本立场转化为践行人民至上发展思想的具体实践与制度安排。习近平强调：“今天，我们更要坚定道路自信，兑现党的誓言和诺言，同人民群众风雨同舟、血肉相连、命运与共，继续走好新时代的长征路。”其一，要始终坚守为民初心，把人民群众对美好生活的向往作为奋斗目标，聚焦就业、教育、医疗、养老等民生领域的急难愁盼问题，推出更多惠民生、暖民心的实招硬招，让发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民，不断夯实党执政的群众基础。其二，要坚持问计于民、问需于民、问效于民，尊重人民群众的主体地位和首创精神，深入基层一线倾听群众呼声、汇聚群众智慧，把群众的意见建议作为制定政策、推动工作的重要依据，让改革发展始终符合人民意愿。其三，要厚植为民情怀，以“我将无我、不负人民”的责任担当，着力解决发展不平衡不充分问题，扎实推进共同富裕，让人民群众的获得感成色更足、幸福感更可持续、安全感更有保障，进而为实现中华民族伟大复兴凝聚起最广泛、最深厚、最持久的人民力量。

III. The Contemporary Implications of Xi Jinping’s Important Discourses on the Great Long March Spirit

三、习近平关于伟大长征精神重要论述的时代意蕴

Xi Jinping’s important discourses on the Great Long March Spirit, based on historical depth, focusing on the needs of the times, and looking toward the future of humanity, not only theoretically enrich and develop the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists and the Party’s innovative theoretical system, but also provide clear practical guidance for walking the Long March of the New Era well, and further contribute valuable spiritual resources on a global scale to promoting exchanges and mutual learning among human civilizations and maintaining world peace and stability, comprehensively demonstrating the vitality and contemporary value of the Great Long March Spirit that transcends time and space.

习近平关于伟大长征精神重要论述，立足历史纵深、聚焦时代需求、放眼人类未来，既在理论层面丰富发展了中国共产党人精神谱系与党的创新理论体系，又为走好新时代长征路提供了明确的实践遵循，更在全球维度为促进人类文明交流互鉴与维护世界和平稳定贡献了宝贵精神资源，全方位彰显了伟大长征精神穿越时空的生命力与当代价值。

(I) Enriching and Developing the Spiritual Genealogy of Chinese Communists and the Party’s Innovative Theoretical System

（一）丰富发展了中国共产党人精神谱系与党的创新理论体系

Xi Jinping’s important discourses on the Great Long March Spirit, with profound historical insight and a distinct contemporary consciousness, achieve a precise grasp and innovative development of this spiritual wealth at the theoretical level, demonstrating profound theoretical value.

习近平关于伟大长征精神重要论述，以深邃的历史眼光和鲜明的时代意识，在理论层面实现了对这一精神财富的精准把握与创新发展，彰显出深厚的理论价值。

First, this series of important discourses precisely anchors the contemporary coordinates of the Great Long March Spirit, realizing the value transformation of precious historical resources into a driving force for real-world spirit. Xi Jinping pointed out: “The Great Long March Spirit is a vivid reflection of the revolutionary demeanor of Chinese Communists. We must continuously combine it with new realities to inherit and promote it well. The new Long March to advance the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics requires sustained relay and long-term progress; each generation must walk its own Long March well.” This important judgment transcends the one-sided view of promoting the Great Long March Spirit merely as a “historical commemoration,” starting from the main axis of the times for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, revealing its inherent compatibility with the missions and tasks of the Chinese Communist Party in the New Era, and elevating the core essence of the Great Long March Spirit into a powerful spiritual force for solving the difficult problems of reform and development in the New Era and responding to risks and challenges. This is not only a theoretical confirmation that endows the Great Long March Spirit with contemporary value, but also elevates it from historical narrative to a spiritual driving force guiding the new journey, making it an important spiritual symbol in the great cause of building a strong country and rejuvenating the nation.

第一，这一系列重要论述精准锚定了伟大长征精神的时代坐标，实现了宝贵历史资源向现实精神动力的价值转化。习近平指出：“伟大的长征精神是中国共产党人革命风范的生动反映，我们要不断结合新的实际传承好、弘扬好。推进中国特色社会主义事业的新长征要持续接力、长期进行，我们每代人都要走好自己的长征路。”这一重要论断超越了把弘扬伟大长征精神仅仅当成“历史纪念”的片面观念，从实现中华民族伟大复兴的时代主轴出发，揭示了其与新时代中国共产党使命任务的内在契合性，将伟大长征精神所蕴含的核心要义作为破解新时代改革发展难题、应对风险挑战的强大精神力量。这不仅是赋予伟大长征精神当代价值的理论确证，更将其从历史叙事提升为指导新征程的精神动力，使之成为强国建设、民族复兴伟业中的重要精神标识。

Second, this series of important discourses systematically clarifies the historical position and inheritance lineage of the Great Long March Spirit within the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists, enriching and developing the theoretical system of this spiritual genealogy. Xi Jinping pointed out at the celebration of the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Communist Party: “Over the past hundred years, the Chinese Communist Party, promoting the great founding spirit of the Party, has built up the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists through long-term struggle, tempering a distinct political character.” As a key component of this spiritual genealogy, the Great Long March Spirit not only takes the great founding spirit of the Party as its spiritual origin and ideological foundation, but the core elements it contains—such as the faith core of “revolutionary ideals higher than heaven,” the heroic spirit of “fearing no difficulties or sacrifices,” and the ideological method of “independence, self-reliance, and seeking truth from facts”—are also in the same lineage as other great spirits formed in different historical periods of China’s revolution, construction, and reform, such as the Spirit of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the “Two Bombs, One Satellite” Spirit, the Spirit of Reform and Opening Up, and the Spirit of Model Workers. At the same time, by systematically elucidating the internal connection between the Great Long March Spirit and the missions and tasks of the Chinese Communist Party on the new journey of the New Era, Xi Jinping deeply integrates the core essence of the Great Long March Spirit with the Spirit of Fighting Poverty and the Spirit of Fighting the Epidemic, which originated from the great practice of the New Era, constructing a perceptible and inheritable living lineage for the Great Long March Spirit within the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists, thereby further enriching and developing the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists in terms of historical depth and contemporary connotations.

第二，这一系列重要论述系统厘清了伟大长征精神在中国共产党人精神谱系中的历史方位与传承脉络，丰富和发展了中国共产党人精神谱系的理论体系。习近平在庆祝中国共产党成立100周年大会上指出：“一百年来，中国共产党弘扬伟大建党精神，在长期奋斗中构建起中国共产党人的精神谱系，锤炼出鲜明的政治品格。”作为这一精神谱系的关键构成，伟大长征精神不仅以伟大建党精神为精神原点和思想基点，而且其中所蕴含的“革命理想高于天”的信仰内核、“不畏艰难、不怕牺牲”的英雄气概以及“独立自主、实事求是”的思想方法等，又与中国革命、建设和改革不同历史时期所形成的抗战精神、“两弹一星”精神、改革开放精神、劳模精神等伟大精神一脉相承。同时，习近平通过系统阐释伟大长征精神与新时代新征程中国共产党使命任务的内在关联，将伟大长征精神的核心要义与源于新时代伟大实践的脱贫攻坚精神、抗疫精神等深度融合，为伟大长征精神在中国共产党人精神谱系中构建了可感知、可传承的鲜活脉络，进而使中国共产党人精神谱系在历史纵深与时代内涵等方面得到进一步的丰富与发展。

Third, this series of important discourses promotes the Sinicization and modernization of Marxist theories concerning spiritual forces, endowing them with a concrete theoretical form and practical annotations rooted in China’s reality. Marxism holds that social being determines social consciousness, while social consciousness has a dynamic effect on social being, and that spiritual forces can, under certain conditions, be transformed into material forces for changing the world. Xi Jinping’s important discourses on the Great Long March Spirit deeply integrate this abstract theory with China’s concrete practice, connecting Marxist faith, the historical practice of the Long March, and the goals of struggle in the New Era through the elucidation of a series of distinct judgments such as “once the flame of ideals and beliefs is lit, it will never be extinguished.” This not only adheres to the Marxist stance, viewpoint, and method in terms of guiding ideology, but also, based on China’s reality, transforms spiritual forms such as ideals and beliefs into actionable action markers, while profoundly answering the major proposition of how spiritual wealth can be transformed into practical driving force, thereby giving the relevant Marxist theories on spiritual forces a vivid expression with national characteristics and contemporary connotations. This theoretical development not only provides academic support for the contemporary promotion of the Great Long March Spirit, but also becomes an important spiritual nourishment for enriching and developing the Party’s innovative theoretical system.

第三，这一系列重要论述推动了马克思主义关于精神力量的相关理论中国化时代化发展，并赋予其具象化的理论形态与植根中国实际的实践注解。马克思主义认为，社会存在决定社会意识，而社会意识对社会存在具有能动作用，精神力量在一定条件下可以转化为改造世界的物质力量。习近平关于伟大长征精神重要论述将这一抽象理论与中国具体实践深度结合，通过阐释“理想信念之火一经点燃，就永远不会熄灭”等一系列鲜明论断，将马克思主义信仰与长征历史实践、新时代奋斗目标三者贯通起来。这既在指导思想方面坚持了马克思主义的立场观点方法，又立足中国实际，将理想信念等精神形态转化为可践行的行动标识，在深刻回答精神财富如何转化为实践动力这一重大命题的同时，使马克思主义关于精神力量的相关思想理论获得了具有民族特色与时代内涵的生动展现。这种理论发展不仅为伟大长征精神的当代弘扬提供了学理支撑，更成为丰富和发展党的创新理论体系的重要精神滋养。

(II) Providing Action Guidance for Promoting the Great Long March Spirit and Walking the Long March of the New Era Well

（二）为弘扬伟大长征精神、走好新时代长征路提供了行动遵循

Xi Jinping’s important discourses on the Great Long March Spirit, based on the overall situation of the development of the Party’s and the state’s undertakings in the New Era, clarify from a practical dimension the contemporary requirements, innovative paths, and goal orientation for inheriting the Great Long March Spirit. This is not only a scientific response to how to better inherit and promote the Great Long March Spirit in the New Era, but also forges a solid spiritual foundation for cultivating core socialist values, gathering the strength to forge ahead on the new journey, and promoting the forward development of the Party’s and the state’s undertakings, demonstrating its practical power that transcends time and space.

习近平关于伟大长征精神重要论述，立足新时代党和国家事业发展全局，从实践维度明确了传承伟大长征精神的时代要求、创新路径与目标指向，既是对新时代如何更好传承和弘扬伟大长征精神的科学回应，也为涵养社会主义核心价值观、凝聚新征程奋进力量、推动党和国家事业向前发展铸牢精神根基，彰显穿越时空的实践伟力。

First, Xi Jinping put forward the important thesis of the “six imperatives,” namely: one must be firm in the communist far-reaching ideal and the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics; one must be firm in the “Four Confidences”[25]25 The Four Confidences (四个自信) refers to confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics.; one must place the people highest in one’s heart; one must grasp the direction, command the overall situation, and coordinate the whole; one must build a consolidated national defense and a strong military; and one must strengthen Party leadership. These anchor the practical coordinates for how to study, inherit, and promote the Great Long March Spirit well. These six aspects, from the core dimensions of ideals and convictions, development direction, people’s standpoint, strategic thinking, security guarantees, and political safeguards, delineate a clear and followable practical path for promoting the Great Long March Spirit in the New Era. This not only transforms the theoretical core of the Great Long March Spirit into norms of action, but also serves as a value orientation guiding the Party and the people, when facing trials like “snowy mountains and grasslands” and challenges like “Loushan Pass” and “Lazikou”[26]26 Loushan Pass and Lazikou are two strategically important mountain passes along the route of the Long March (1934–1935), where the Red Army fought fierce battles against Nationalist forces. They are often used metaphorically to represent formidable obstacles. on the new journey, to always remain steadfast in faith without wavering, adhere to the path without deviating, and rely on the people without slackening, thereby providing a basic practical guideline for treading the New Era’s Long March well.

第一，习近平曾提出“六个必须”的重要论断，即必须坚定共产主义远大理想和中国特色社会主义共同理想；必须坚定“四个自信”；必须把人民放在心中最高位置；必须把握方向、统揽大局、统筹全局；必须建设巩固国防和强大军队；必须加强党的领导，为如何学习好、传承好和弘扬好伟大长征精神锚定了实践坐标。这六方面内容从理想信念、发展方向、人民立场、战略思维、安全保障、政治保证等核心维度，为新时代弘扬伟大长征精神划定了清晰可循的实践路径。这不仅将伟大长征精神的理论内核转化为行动准则，更是指引党和人民在新征程上面对“雪山草地”般的考验与“娄山关”“腊子口”式的挑战时，始终能够坚定信仰不动摇、坚持道路不偏航、依靠人民不松懈的价值导向，为走好新时代长征路提供了基本实践遵循。

Second, this series of important discourses guides the continuous innovation of ways to pass on the revolutionary spirit, promotes the living utilization of red resources imbued with the Great Long March Spirit, and thereby provides vivid practical material for cultivating and practicing the core socialist values, thus solidly consolidating the foundation of social consensus. Xi Jinping emphasizes: “Revolutionary museums, memorial halls, Party history museums, and martyrs’ cemeteries are the red gene pool of the Party and the state.” Therefore, on the one hand, it is necessary to implement the spirit of Xi Jinping’s important instructions and directives on promoting the Great Long March Spirit, relying on venues such as the Long March National Cultural Park and Long March memorial halls to fully manifest the spiritual value contained in red resources such as revolutionary sites, cultural relics, and historical materials, so that the Long March’s characteristics as a “manifesto,” “propaganda team,” and “seeding machine” are vividly presented in the New Era. On the other hand, it is necessary to closely follow the practical requirements Xi Jinping has set forth for promoting the Great Long March Spirit, to drive the advancement of dissemination methods with the times, through diversified models such as cultural-tourism integration and the combination of virtual and real, as well as digital dissemination means such as new media matrices, so that Long March stories step out of historical archives and textbooks, enter campuses and communities, approach youth groups, and propel the transformation of the Great Long March Spirit into a value pursuit commonly followed by the whole society, thereby coalescing a powerful spiritual synergy for undertaking endeavors and striving for excellence.

第二，这一系列重要论述指引着革命精神传承方式的不断创新，推动了蕴含伟大长征精神的红色资源活化利用，进而为培育和践行社会主义核心价值观提供了鲜活的实践素材，以此有力夯实了社会共识基础。习近平强调：“革命博物馆、纪念馆、党史馆、烈士陵园等是党和国家红色基因库。”因此，一方面要贯彻落实习近平关于弘扬伟大长征精神重要指示批示精神，依托长征国家文化公园、长征纪念馆等场所，充分彰显革命遗址、文物、史料等红色资源所蕴含的精神价值，让“宣言书”“宣传队”“播种机”的长征特质在新时代鲜活呈现；另一方面要紧扣习近平对弘扬伟大长征精神所提出的实践要求，推动传播方式与时俱进，通过文旅融合、虚实结合等多元化模式，以及新媒体矩阵等数字化传播手段，让长征故事走出史料典籍、走进校园社区，走近青年群体，推进伟大长征精神转化为全社会共同遵循的价值追求，进而凝聚起干事创业、向上向善的强大精神合力。

Third, this series of important discourses, by activating the contemporary vitality of the Great Long March Spirit, supports the great cause of national rejuvenation and the great project of Party building, thereby coalescing a powerful spiritual force for overcoming difficulties on the new journey. Xi Jinping emphasizes: “In its century-long struggle, our Party has cultivated and formed a series of revolutionary spirits with distinct characteristics, which collectively embody the Party’s firm convictions, fundamental purposes, and fine conduct, and are precious spiritual assets inspiring our unremitting struggle.” Therefore, on the one hand, during the critical period of marching toward the second centenary goal[27]27 The second centenary goal (第二个百年奋斗目标) is the goal of building China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful by the middle of the 21st century, marking the centenary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 2049., this series of important discourses injects lasting spiritual momentum into resolving the deep-seated contradictions and challenges facing reform and development in the New Era. It is the spiritual support that inspires the Party and the people to bravely venture into the deep-water zone of reform, dare to gnaw on the hard bones of development, and particularly to continuously achieve new and greater development accomplishments in fields such as scientific and technological innovation, rural revitalization, and green, low-carbon development. On the other hand, it systematically elucidates the Party’s glorious traditions and fine conduct contained in the Great Long March Spirit, such as adhering to seeking truth from facts, strictly observing organizational discipline, and relying on the masses, providing ideological guidance for advancing comprehensive and strict governance of the Party and strengthening the fight against corruption in the New Era to foster a clean and upright political ecosystem. This series of important discourses is conducive to guiding the Party’s vast number of cadres and members to continuously strengthen the study of Party history and education, so as to temper strong political capabilities, reinforce responsibility and commitment, and enhance the cohesion and combat effectiveness of the cadre and Party member contingent, thereby ensuring that the Party always remains the strong leading core on the New Era’s Long March.

第三，这一系列重要论述通过激活伟大长征精神的当代生命力以支撑民族复兴伟大事业与党的建设伟大工程，从而凝聚起新征程攻坚克难的强大精神力量。习近平强调：“我们党在百年奋斗中，培育形成了一系列各有特点的革命精神，集中体现了党的坚定信念、根本宗旨、优良作风，是激励我们不懈奋斗的宝贵精神财富。”因此，一方面，在向第二个百年奋斗目标进军的关键时期，这一系列重要论述为破解新时代改革发展面临的深层次矛盾与挑战注入了持久精神动能，是激励党和人民勇闯改革深水区、敢啃发展硬骨头，特别是在科技创新、乡村振兴、绿色低碳等领域不断取得新的更大发展成就的精神支撑；另一方面，系统阐释伟大长征精神中所蕴含的坚持实事求是、严守组织纪律以及依靠人民群众等党的光荣传统和优良作风，为新时代推进全面从严治党、加强反腐败斗争以营造风清气正的政治生态提供了思想指引。这一系列重要论述有利于引导广大党员干部持续加强党史学习教育，以锤炼过硬政治本领，强化责任担当，提升党员干部队伍的凝聚力与战斗力，从而确保党始终成为新时代长征路上的坚强领导核心。

(III) Manifesting the image of a responsible major country, contributing spiritual resources for promoting inter-civilization exchange and mutual learning and safeguarding world peace

（三）彰显负责任大国形象，为促进文明交流互鉴与维护世界和平贡献精神资源

Xi Jinping points out: “More and more people in the international community believe that the Red Army’s Long March is one of the most important events capable of influencing the world’s future in the 20th century, a human epic written with will and courage, full of ideals and the spirit of dedication. The stirring and powerful force erupted by the Long March transcends time and space, transcends nations, and is a great epic of humanity’s unremitting struggle for truth and light.” This important thesis profoundly elucidates the important historical status and contemporary value implications of the Great Long March Spirit, making it not only a spiritual banner leading the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, but also demonstrating powerful contemporary force in dimensions such as international image construction, enrichment of humanity’s spiritual wealth, and optimization of global governance, thereby contributing spiritual resources and practical paths that possess both Chinese characteristics and universal value for promoting mutual learning among different civilizations and advancing world peace and development.

习近平指出：“国际社会越来越多的人认为，红军长征是20世纪最能影响世界前途的重要事件之一，是充满理想和献身精神、用意志和勇气谱写的人类史诗。长征迸发出的激荡人心的强大力量，跨越时空，跨越民族，是人类为追求真理和光明而不懈努力的伟大史诗。”这一重要论断深刻阐释了伟大长征精神的重要历史地位和当代价值意蕴，使其既成为引领中华民族伟大复兴的精神旗帜，更在国际形象建构、人类精神财富扩容与全球治理优化等维度彰显出强大的时代伟力，为促进不同文明互学互鉴、推动世界和平发展贡献了兼具中国特色与普遍价值的精神资源与实践路径。

First, as an important component of the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists, the Great Long March Spirit provides a deep-level spiritual window for the international community to understand contemporary China. Xi Jinping’s precise definition of the core essence of the Great Long March Spirit systematically presents the ideals, convictions, and ethics of responsibility of Chinese Communists, enabling the international community to penetrate superficial economic data and simplistic political narratives, deeply understand the historical logic and value foundation of the Chinese Communist Party’s governance philosophy, and thereby clearly perceive the civilizational attributes and peaceful nature of China’s development path. This path of constructing a national image supported by a spiritual core breaks through the superficial limitations of traditional national image shaping. By manifesting the Chinese Communist Party’s political character of adhering to its original aspiration and founding mission, its historical self-awareness of daring to engage in self-revolution, and its value orientation of pursuing fairness and justice, it effectively enhances the international influence and civilizational appeal of Chinese discourse, promoting the formation of a more authentic, three-dimensional, and comprehensive cognitive system of China’s national image.

第一，伟大长征精神作为中国共产党人精神谱系的重要组成部分，为国际社会理解当代中国提供了深层次的精神窗口。习近平对伟大长征精神核心要义的精准界定，系统呈现了中国共产党人的理想信念与责任伦理，使国际社会得以穿透表层的经济数据与单纯的政治叙事，深入理解中国共产党执政理念的历史逻辑与价值根基，进而能够明晰中国发展道路的文明属性与和平特质。这种以精神内核为支撑的国家形象建构路径，突破了传统国家形象塑造的表层化局限，通过彰显中国共产党坚守初心使命的政治品格、勇于自我革命的历史自觉与追求公平正义的价值取向，有效提升了中国话语的国际影响力与文明感召力，推动形成更加真实、立体、全面的中国国家形象认知体系。

Second, the spiritual qualities contained in the Great Long March Spirit possess universal significance that transcends national borders and ideologies, and have become an important component of humanity’s common spiritual treasure trove. The American journalist Edgar Snow once pointed out in the author’s preface to the Chinese translation of *Red Star Over China* that the unconquerable spirit and strength, desires and passions displayed by Chinese Communist Party leaders and Red Army soldiers during the Long March are the rich and splendid essence of human history itself. Xi Jinping’s theoretical generalization and contemporary interpretation of the Great Long March Spirit further refine the universal excellent human spiritual qualities it contains, such as firm perseverance, unity and cooperation, and fearlessness in the face of hardship, providing valuable spiritual nourishment for countries around the world to address increasingly complex global risks and challenges. This cross-civilizational dissemination and recognition of spiritual value not only reflects the inherent alignment between the Chinese spirit and the common values of all humanity, but also verifies the ideological charm of the Great Long March Spirit that transcends time and space, thereby enabling it to break through the boundaries of specific nations and ideologies, become a spiritual bridge connecting different civilizations, and inject new contemporary connotations into promoting the construction of spiritual civilization on a global scale.

第二，伟大长征精神所蕴含的精神特质具有超越国界与意识形态的普遍意义，已成为人类共同精神宝库中的重要构成。美国记者埃德加·斯诺曾在中译本《西行漫记》的作者序中指出，中共领导人和红军战士在长征途中所展现的不可征服的精神与力量、欲望与热情，这些是人类历史本身的丰富而灿烂的精华。习近平对伟大长征精神的理论概括与当代阐释，进一步凝练了其中包含的坚定执着、团结协作、不畏艰难等具有普适性的人类优秀精神品质，为世界各国应对日益复杂的全球性风险与挑战提供了宝贵精神滋养。这种精神价值的跨文明传播与认同，不仅体现了中国精神与全人类共同价值的内在契合，也验证了伟大长征精神超越时空的思想魅力，从而使其突破特定民族与意识形态的边界，成为连接不同文明的精神桥梁，为推动全球范围内的精神文明建设注入了新的时代内涵。

Third, the Great Long March Spirit was formed in the era of revolutionary war when the Chinese nation sought independence and liberation; its essential connotation includes a profound yearning for and unremitting pursuit of peace and justice. Xi Jinping pointed out: “Those who have experienced war understand all the more the preciousness of peace.” [28]28 Xi Jinping, “Speech at the Commemoration of the 70th Anniversary of the Victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War” (September 3, 2015). Therefore, this series of important discourses also profoundly reveals the inherent compatibility between the Great Long March Spirit and the concept of peaceful development, and is committed to integrating it with the needs of contemporary global governance, thereby highlighting its practical value in solving global problems and other aspects. In recent years, China has successively put forward a series of major concepts and propositions, such as promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, as well as the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, the Global Civilization Initiative, and the Global Governance Initiative. This is not only an innovative development of the Great Long March Spirit in the context of the New Era, but also fully demonstrates China’s firm determination to always adhere to the path of peaceful development. Guided by this spirit, while respecting the right of all countries in the world to independently choose their own development paths and opposing all forms of hegemonism and power politics, China actively works to promote communication and coordination in the international community, to push the global governance system toward a more just and reasonable direction, and to guide all countries to transcend narrow nationalist views and jointly respond to global dilemmas in the fields of development and security through solidarity and cooperation, thereby providing a solid value basis and practical plan for maintaining lasting world peace and overall stability.

第三，伟大长征精神形成于中华民族寻求独立与解放的革命战争年代，其本质内涵包含着对和平与正义的深切渴望与不懈追求。习近平指出：“经历了战争的人们，更加懂得和平的宝贵。”因此，这一系列重要论述也深刻揭示着伟大长征精神与和平发展理念的内在契合性，并致力于将其与当代全球治理需求相结合，进而凸显了其在解决全球性问题等方面的实践价值。近年来，中国相继提出推动构建人类命运共同体，以及全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议和全球治理倡议等一系列重大理念与主张，这既是伟大长征精神在新时代背景下的创新性发展，也充分展现了中国始终坚持走和平发展道路的坚定决心。在这一精神指引下，中国在尊重世界各国自主选择发展道路的权利、反对一切形式的霸权主义和强权政治的同时，积极致力于促进国际社会沟通协调、推动全球治理体系朝着更加公正合理的方向发展，引导各国超越狭隘的民族利益观，以团结协作共同应对发展与安全领域面临的全球性困境，从而为维护世界持久和平与整体稳定提供了坚实的价值依据与实践方案。