*Cuban Socialist Model Update: A Development Path Toward Prosperity, Democracy, and Sustainability*

He Qin: *Cuban Socialist Model Update: A Development Path Toward Prosperity, Democracy, and Sustainability*, Social Sciences Academic Press, June 2024.

贺钦：《古巴社会主义模式更新：面向繁荣、民主与可持续的发展道路》，社会科学文献出版社2024年6月。

* This book is the outcome of the National Social Science Fund general project “Research on the Update of Cuba’s Socialist Economic Model” (15BKS067).

* 本书系国家社科基金一般项目“古巴社会主义经济模式更新研究”（15BKS067）结项成果。

Content Summary

内容简介

Since the 21st century, Cuban socialism, having weathered the historical trials of the Soviet Union’s dissolution and the upheavals in Eastern Europe, has entered a new historical stage of independently exploring the update of its socialist model. Since the Sixth Congress of the Communist Party of Cuba (PCC) in 2011, the update of Cuba’s socioeconomic model has advanced steadily. The Eighth PCC Congress, held in 2021, conducted in-depth discussions and comprehensive deployments around “the phased tasks and problems of the model update,” and realized a generational change in the PCC Central Committee’s collective leadership. Despite facing numerous tests, the generation of “children of the Revolution” leaders centered on Miguel Díaz-Canel will inherit Cuba’s revolutionary tradition, seek development through update, maintain stability through development, and plan for the future through stability, striving unremittingly and forging ahead to build a prosperous, democratic, and sustainable Cuban socialism.

21世纪以来，古巴社会主义在经历了苏联解体、东欧剧变的历史考验后，步入自主探索社会主义模式更新的历史新阶段。自2011年古共六大以来，古巴社会经济模式更新稳步推进。2021年召开的古共八大围绕“模式更新的阶段性任务与问题”进行了深入讨论和全面部署，并实现了古共中央领导集体的代际更替。尽管面临重重考验，以迪亚斯-卡内尔为核心的古巴“革命之子”一代领导人将继承古巴革命传统，在更新中求发展，在发展中保稳定，在稳定中谋未来，为建设繁荣、民主与可持续的古巴社会主义不懈奋斗、砥砺前行。

By tracing the historical process of Cuba’s model update, this book systematically discusses the top-level design and institutional construction of the Cuban model update, and conducts special studies on issues such as Cuba’s housing problem, population aging, and environmental governance. This book argues that, as a multidimensional, enduring, and systematic social renovation project, the model update is Cuba’s epochal choice in responding to the challenges of economic globalization, marking a new historical stage in the self-improvement of the Cuban socialist system. The historical experience of Cuba’s model update shows that socialist countries in the era of globalization can only maximize the institutional advantages of socialism—thereby achieving national prosperity and people’s well-being—by basing themselves on national conditions, through principled gradual reform and bottom-line peaceful development, and by continuously exploring a socialist model that conforms to the fundamental interests of their own people.

本书通过回溯古巴模式更新的历史进程，对古巴模式更新的顶层设计和制度建设进行了系统论述，并对古巴住房问题、人口老龄化问题、环境治理等问题进行了专题研究。本书认为，作为一项多维、持久和系统的社会革新工程，模式更新是古巴应对经济全球化挑战作出的时代选择，标志着古巴社会主义制度的自我完善进入新的历史阶段。古巴模式更新的历史经验表明，全球化时代的社会主义国家唯有立足国情，通过有原则的渐进改革和有底线的和平发展，不断探索符合本国人民根本利益的社会主义模式，才能最大限度地发挥社会主义的制度优势，从而实现国家繁荣与人民幸福。

Author Biography

作者简介

He Qin is Director and Research Fellow of the Contemporary World Socialism Research Office, Academy of Marxism, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), and Master’s Supervisor at the School of Marxism, University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. Her main research directions are world socialist currents of thought, movements, and institutions. She has published the sole-authored works *Upholding and Updating: Cuban Socialism after the Upheaval in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe* and *Latin America’s Alternative Integration Movement*, as well as seven co-authored works. She has published over 40 academic papers, including “On the Epochal Requirements and Essential Characteristics of Socialist Modernization,” “The Essence and Value of Fidel Castro’s Thought,” and “Cuba’s Experience and Insights in Responding to Population Aging.” She has led two key and general projects of the National Social Science Fund and participated in over ten projects of various types, including major and general projects of the National Social Science Fund and innovation projects of CASS. Her main achievements have received the CASS Excellent Information Countermeasure Award, the Academy of Marxism Excellent Achievement Award, the University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Scientific Research Achievement Award, and multiple second and third prizes for excellent papers from various professional societies. She has been a visiting scholar in the United States on a government-sponsored program and has conducted academic exchanges and visits to over ten countries in Europe, the Americas, Asia, and Oceania.

贺钦，中国社会科学院马克思主义研究院当代世界社会主义研究室主任、研究员，中国社会科学院大学马克思主义学院硕士生导师。主要研究方向为世界社会主义思潮、运动与制度。出版独著《坚守与更新——苏东剧变后的古巴社会主义》、《拉丁美洲的替代一体化运动》及合著7部，发表学术论文《论社会主义现代化的时代要求与本质特征》《菲德尔·卡斯特罗思想的精髓与价值》《古巴应对人口老龄化的经验与启思》等40余篇。主持国家社科基金重点及一般项目2项，参与国家社科基金重大及一般项目、中国社会科学院创新工程项目等各类课题十余项。主要成果获中国社会科学院优秀信息对策奖、马克思主义研究院优秀成果奖、中国社会科学院大学科研成果奖、各类专业学会优秀论文二、三等奖多次。曾赴美国公派访学，赴欧洲、美洲、亚洲、大洋洲十余国开展学术交流和访问。

Table of Contents

本书目录

Introduction

导论

I. Research Background and Significance

一 研究背景与意义

II. Overview of Research on the Cuban Model Update

二 古巴模式更新研究综述

III. Main Content of This Book

三 本书主要内容

Chapter 1: The Historical Starting Point of the Model Update

第一章 模式更新的历史起点

Section 1: Establishment and Development of the Socialist System

第一节 社会主义制度的建立与发展

I. Victory and Consolidation of the National Democratic Revolution

一 民族民主革命的胜利与巩固

II. Opening and Upholding of the Socialist Path

二 社会主义道路的开辟与坚守

Section 2: Crisis and Adjustment after the Upheaval in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe

第二节 苏东剧变后的危机与调整

I. Party Congress Establishes the “Special Period” Emergency Adjustment Strategy

一 党代会确立“特殊阶段”应急调整战略

II. Difficult Recovery of the National Economy

二 国民经济艰难复苏

III. Continuous Expansion of Multilateral Diplomacy

三 多元外交不断拓展

Chapter 2: The Political Foundation of the Model Update

第二章 模式更新的政治基础

Section 1: Party Leadership and Democratic Political Construction

第一节 党的领导与民主政治建设

I. The Communist Party of Cuba Strengthens Party Leadership and Construction

一 古巴共产党加强党的领导与建设

II. The Course and Characteristics of Cuba’s Democratic Political Construction

二 古巴民主政治建设的历程与特色

Section 2: Constitutional Revision and Political System Update

第二节 宪法修订与政治体制更新

I. Constitutional Amendment Safeguards the Socialist Model Update

一 修宪为社会主义模式更新保驾护航

II. Political Leadership and Administrative System Update

二 政治领导与行政体制更新

Chapter 3: Agenda and Program of the Model Update

第三章 模式更新的议程与纲要

Section 1: Agenda and Phases of the Model Update

第一节 模式更新的议程与阶段

I. Convening of the Sixth PCC Congress and Launch of the Model Update

一 古共六大的召开与模式更新的启动

II. Convening of the Seventh PCC Congress and Advancement of the Model Update

二 古共七大的召开与模式更新的推进

III. Convening of the Eighth PCC Congress and Deepening of the Model Update

三 古共八大的召开与模式更新的深化

Section 2: Goals and Principles of the Model Update

第二节 模式更新的目标与原则

I. Strong Education and Stable Employment Are the Social Cornerstones for Smoothly Advancing the Model Update

一 强教育与稳就业是顺利推进模式更新的社会基石

II. Improving the Income Distribution and Social Security System Is an Inevitable Requirement for Deepening the Model Update

二 完善收入分配与社会保障制度是深化模式更新的必然要求

III. Balancing Efficiency and Fairness Is an Important Principle Followed in the Model Update

三 兼顾效率与公平是模式更新遵循的重要原则

Chapter 4: Layout and Tackling of Key Difficulties in the Economic Model Update

第四章 经济模式更新的布局与攻坚

Section 1: Dominance and Evolution of the Planned Economic System

第一节 计划经济体制的主导与演进

I. Development and Update of Cuba’s Planned Economic System

一 古巴计划经济体制的发展与更新

II. Adjustment and Improvement of Cuba’s Socialist Ownership System

二 古巴社会主义所有制的调整与完善

Section 2: Adjustment and Update of Macroeconomic Policy

第二节 宏观经济政策的调整与更新

I. Macroeconomic Situation under the Background of the Model Update

一 模式更新背景下的宏观经济形势

II. Adjustment and Assessment of Macroeconomic Policy

二 宏观经济政策的调整与评估

Section 3: Restructuring and Innovation of Strategic Economic Sectors

第三节 战略经济部门的重组与创新

I. Exploration of Food and Agricultural Security and Sustainable Agriculture

一 粮农安全与可持续农业的探索

II. Energy Shortage and Alternative Development of Green Energy

二 能源短缺与绿色能源的替代发展

III. Restructuring and Update of the Tourism Industry

三 旅游业的重组与更新

IV. Development and Innovation of the Knowledge Economy

四 知识经济的发展与创新

Chapter 5: Ideological and Cultural Construction and Revitalizing the Country through Science and Education

第五章 思想文化建设与科教兴国

Section 1: Ideological Theory and Ideological Construction

第一节 思想理论与意识形态建设

I. Development and Innovation of the Theory of the Indigenization of Marxism

一 马克思主义本土化理论的发展与创新

II. Ideological Battle and Ideological Construction

二 思想战与意识形态建设

III. Online Ideological Battle and the Suppression of the July 11 Counterrevolutionary Rebellion

三 网络思想战与7·11反革命叛乱的平息

Section 2: Cultural System Construction and Revitalizing the Country through Science and Education

第二节 文化体制建设与科教兴国

I. Cultural System Construction and Cultural Development Achievements

一 文化体制建设与文化发展成就

II. Implementation and Impact of the Strategy of Revitalizing the Country through Science and Education

二 科教兴国战略的实施与影响

Chapter 6: Livelihood Guarantee and Social Governance

第六章 民生保障与社会治理

Section 1: Origins and Countermeasures of the Housing Problem

第一节 住房问题的由来及对策

I. Housing Problems before the Cuban Revolution

一 古巴革命前的住房问题

II. Historical Evolution of Cuba’s Housing Policy after the Victory of the Revolution

二 革命胜利后古巴住房政策的历史演进

III. Cuban Housing Practice: Production, Distribution, and Consumption

三 古巴住房实践：生产、分配与消费

IV. Current Situation and Challenges of Cuba’s Housing Problem

四 古巴住房问题的现状与挑战

Section 2: Response to the Population Aging Problem

第二节 人口老龄化问题的应对

I. Basic Trends and Characteristics of Cuba’s Population Development after the Victory of the Revolution

一 革命胜利后古巴人口发展的基本趋势与特征

II. Cuba’s Population Aging Problem under the Background of the Model Update

二 模式更新背景下的古巴人口老龄化问题

III. Cuba’s Measures to Address the Population Aging Problem

三 古巴应对人口老龄化问题的举措

IV. Implications of Cuba’s Experience for Developing Countries

四 古巴经验对发展中国家的启示

Section 3: Institutionalized Exploration of Environmental Governance

第三节 环境治理的制度化探索

I. Establishment and Evolution of Cuba’s Sustainable Development Strategy

一 古巴可持续发展战略的确立与演进

II. Cuba’s Sustainable Development Framework and Basic Experience

二 古巴可持续发展框架与基本经验

Section 4: Epidemic Prevention and Control and Public Crisis Management

第四节 疫情防控与公共危机管理

I. Party Leadership and National Unity Are the Source of Strength for Cuba’s Anti-Epidemic Efforts

一 党的领导与全民同心是古巴抗疫的力量源泉

II. People-Centered Institutional Construction Is the Decisive Weapon for Cuba’s Victory in the Battle against the Epidemic

二 以人民为中心的制度建设是古巴战疫的制胜法宝

III. Economic Update and Livelihood Guarantee under the Background of the Epidemic

三 疫情背景下的经济更新与民生保障

Chapter 7: Adjustment and Expansion of Foreign Relations

第七章 对外关系的调整与拓展

Section 1: Expansion and Breakthroughs in Multilateral Diplomacy

第一节 多元外交的拓展与突破

I. Strategic Characteristics of Cuba’s Island-State Diplomacy

一 古巴岛国外交的战略特点

II. Adjustment and Breakthroughs in Cuba’s Foreign Relations since the Model Update

二 模式更新以来古巴对外关系的调整与突破

III. Foreign Aid and International Influence under the COVID-19 Pandemic

三 新冠肺炎疫情下的对外援助与国际影响

Section 2: Evolution and Impact of U.S.-Cuba Relations

第二节 古美关系的演化与影响

I. Serious Regression in U.S.-Cuba Relations

一 古美关系出现严重倒退

II. Cuba Faces the Double-Edged Sword Effect of the U.S.-Cuba Rapprochement

二 古巴面临美古复交的双刃剑效应

Chapter 8: Historical Significance and Prospects of the Model Update

第八章 模式更新的历史意义与前景

Section 1: Basic Experience and Significance of the Model Update

第一节 模式更新的基本经验与意义

I. Basic Experience of the Model Update

一 模式更新的基本经验

II. Historical Significance of the Model Update

二 模式更新的历史意义

Section 2: Challenges and Prospects Facing the Model Update

第二节 模式更新面临的挑战与前景

I. Challenges and Prospects for Political System Update

一 政治体制更新面临的挑战与前景

II. Challenges and Prospects for Economic Model Update

二 经济模式更新面临的挑战与前景

III. Challenges and Prospects for Social Construction Update

三 社会建设更新面临的挑战与前景

IV. Challenges and Prospects for Foreign Relations Update

四 对外关系更新面临的挑战与前景

Conclusion: The Cuban Model Update toward Prosperity, Democracy, and Sustainability

结语 面向繁荣、民主与可持续的古巴模式更新

——Also on Socialist Reform in the Era of Globalization

——兼谈全球化时代的社会主义改革

References

参考文献

Afterword

后记