Promoting Innovation in Urban Grassroots Governance through Joint Consultation and Co-Governance

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “When there is a matter to discuss, let everyone discuss it; finding the greatest common divisor of the will and demands of the whole society is the true essence of people’s democracy.” “When the grassroots are strong, the country is strong; when the grassroots are secure, the world is secure. We must do a good job of the foundational work of modernizing grassroots governance.” The Central Urban Work Conference held in July this year proposed: “Profoundly grasp the goal orientation of building a modern people’s city, and consciously practice the people-centered development thought.” General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important expositions and the spirit of the Central Urban Work Conference provide scientific guidance for advancing innovation in urban grassroots governance on the new journey of the New Era.

习近平总书记指出：“有事好商量，众人的事情由众人商量，找到全社会意愿和要求的最大公约数，是人民民主的真谛。”“基层强则国家强，基层安则天下安，必须抓好基层治理现代化这项基础性工作。”今年7月举行的中央城市工作会议提出：“深刻把握建设现代化人民城市的目标定位，自觉践行以人民为中心的发展思想”。习近平总书记的重要论述和中央城市工作会议精神，为新时代新征程推进城市基层治理创新提供了科学指引。

In recent years, Haidian District of Beijing has adhered to the strategic positioning of the capital city, placed grassroots governance innovation at the strategic height of promoting high-quality urban development, continuously deepened the reform of “immediate response to complaints” (接诉即办), innovatively established the “let everyone discuss and decide together” (大家商量着办) deliberation and consultation mechanism, and guided the implementation of “residents’ affairs are discussed by residents, residents’ affairs are decided by residents.” On this basis, great efforts have been made to consolidate the joint forces of governance entities such as the government, the market, society, and the masses, guiding an increasingly broad range of governance entities to participate in grassroots affairs, forming a four-in-one governance practice of “Party building leadership, let everyone discuss and decide together, revolve around the grassroots, and jointly build a beautiful home,” providing a Haidian practice for Beijing’s exploration of a new path for grassroots governance in megacities. After about two years of practice, Haidian District has resolved a large number of urgent, difficult, and anxious problems for the masses. “Consultation” has become the main working method for solving governance difficulties. The volume of complaints in the immediate response mechanism has continuously decreased, the problem resolution rate has increased year by year, and public satisfaction has significantly improved. Since 2023, the assessment results of the immediate response mechanism have consistently ranked among the top in the city.

近年来，北京市海淀区坚持首都城市战略定位，将基层治理创新置于推动城市高质量发展的战略高度，不断深化接诉即办改革，创新建立“大家商量着办”议事协商机制，引导实施“居民的事居民议，居民的事居民定”。在此基础上，下大力气凝聚政府、市场、社会、群众等治理主体合力，引导越来越广泛的治理主体参与基层事务，形成了“党建引领、大家商量着办、围着基层转、共建美好家园”四位一体治理实践，为北京探索超大城市基层治理新路提供了海淀实践。经过约两年的实践，海淀区解决了一大批群众急难愁盼问题，“商量”已经成为破解治理难题的主要工作方法，接诉即办诉求量持续下降，问题解决率逐年提升，群众满意度明显提高，2023年以来，接诉即办考核成绩持续位居全市前列。

Adhere to Party building leadership, anchor the working direction of joint consultation and co-governance

坚持党建引领，锚定共商共治的工作方向

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Strengthening the construction of grassroots Party organizations and consolidating the Party’s governing foundation must be taken as a red thread running through social governance and grassroots construction.” Only by adhering to Party building leadership can we provide fundamental political guarantees and directional guidance for urban grassroots governance, ensuring that the consultation process always operates along the correct political direction and continuously advances the modernization of the grassroots governance system and governance capacity on the right track. The consultative grassroots governance advocated by “let everyone discuss and decide together” essentially integrates multiple governance elements such as the government, the market, and society organically into the grassroots governance field through organizational embedding, resource integration, and mechanism innovation, forming a unified leadership of Party organizations, collaborative co-governance of multiple entities, and broad participation of the masses, transforming the advantages of the Party’s leadership and China’s socialist system into social governance effectiveness.

习近平总书记指出：“要把加强基层党的建设、巩固党的执政基础作为贯穿社会治理和基层建设的一条红线”。只有坚持党建引领，才能为城市基层治理提供根本政治保证和方向指引，确保协商过程始终沿着正确政治方向运行，在正确轨道上不断推进基层治理体系和治理能力现代化。“大家商量着办”倡导的协商式基层治理，其本质是通过组织嵌入、资源整合和机制创新，将政府、市场、社会等多方治理要素有机整合于基层治理场域，形成党组织统一领导、多方主体协同共治、群众广泛参与，把党的领导和我国社会主义制度优势转化为社会治理效能。

Strengthen the leading core role of grassroots Party organizations. The leadership of the Communist Party of China is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the greatest advantage of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics. The Party’s leadership system possesses multiple core functions in grassroots governance. For example, it plays the function of political leadership, ensuring through organizational embedding that the Party’s propositions become the action consensus of multiple entities; it plays the function of resource integration, breaking down compartmentalization and building a governance matrix of collaborative co-governance; it plays the function of institutional empowerment, transforming scattered popular wisdom into the governance potential of collective action; and so on.

强化基层党组织的领导核心作用。中国共产党领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征，是中国特色社会主义制度的最大优势。党的领导体系在基层治理中具备多重核心功能。比如，发挥政治统领功能，通过组织嵌入确保党的主张成为多方主体的行动共识；发挥资源整合功能，打破条块分割，构建协同共治的治理矩阵；发挥制度赋能功能，将分散的群众智慧转化为集体行动的治理势能；等等。

Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, General Secretary Xi Jinping has put forward a series of new concepts, ideas, and strategies on grassroots governance, emphasizing “doing a good job of Party building leading grassroots governance and grassroots political power construction” and “adhering to Party building leading grassroots governance, improving the ability of grassroots Party organizations to lead grassroots governance.” These important expositions provide scientific guidance for promoting the modernization of the grassroots governance system and governance capacity. In recent years, Haidian District, according to the characteristics and laws of mass work under the new situation, has effectively strengthened the Party’s leadership over grassroots work. Through upgraded scheduling, grassroots governance difficulties have been elevated to political tasks, ensuring that the “let everyone discuss and decide together” deliberation and consultation mechanism always focuses on central work. Relying on institutional designs such as the “Haidian District Implementation Plan for Party Building Leading Grassroots Governance ‘Let Everyone Discuss and Decide Together’ (Trial)”, the integration of the “mass proposal” mechanism and the “Party building coordination” mechanism has been promoted, clarifying the rigid principle of “Party building leadership” while ensuring the smooth expression of mass demands.

党的十八大以来，习近平总书记就基层治理提出了一系列新理念新思想新战略，强调“抓好党建引领基层治理和基层政权建设”“坚持以党建引领基层治理，提高基层党组织领导基层治理能力”。这些重要论述为推动基层治理体系和治理能力现代化提供了科学指引。近年来，海淀区根据新形势下群众工作的特点和规律，切实加强党对基层工作的领导，通过提级调度，将基层治理难题上升为政治任务，确保“大家商量着办”议事协商机制始终聚焦中心工作。依托《海淀区党建引领基层治理“大家商量着办”实施方案（试行）》等制度设计，推动“群众提”与“党建统”机制融合，既明确了“党建引领”的刚性原则，又保障了群众诉求表达的畅通性。

Give full play to the organizational advantages of the Party leading deliberation and consultation. The Party’s strength comes from organization. Only when grassroots Party organizations are strong and capable and Party members play a vanguard and exemplary role can the Party’s foundation be solid. Only by improving the organizational system that is connected from top to bottom and has strong execution can the organizational advantages of the Party leading grassroots governance be effectively exerted. Currently, grassroots governance issues are complex and diverse, and the demands of residents are personalized and varied. Only by paying more attention to overall coordination, changing working methods, and through grassroots Party organizations setting the direction and coordinating all parties, can the problems raised by the masses be transformed into specific and discussable matters, effectively bringing into play the advantages of grassroots Party organizations in unifying thinking, gathering strength, and connecting with the masses.

发挥党领导议事协商的组织优势。党的力量来自组织，只有基层党组织坚强有力、党员发挥先锋模范作用，党的根基才能牢固。只有健全上下贯通、执行有力的组织体系，才能有效发挥党领导基层治理的组织优势。当前，基层治理问题纷繁复杂，居民群众诉求个性化多样化。只有更加注重统筹协调，转变工作方法，通过基层党组织把关定向、协调各方，才能把群众提出的问题转化为具体的、可商议的事项，切实把基层党组织统一思想、凝聚力量、联系群众的优势发挥出来。

General Secretary Xi Jinping attaches great importance to the construction of grassroots Party organizations, emphasizing “improving the system for grassroots organizations to connect with the masses, strengthening deliberation and consultation, doing a good job of conveying upper-level directives downward and reporting lower-level situations upward, and ensuring that the people manage their own affairs according to law.” Haidian District focuses on “conveying upper-level directives downward and reporting lower-level situations upward,” improving and perfecting the five-level grassroots organization system from street/town Party working committees to exemplary Party member households. Relying on mechanisms such as the selection and appointment of Party member cadres and the deployment of Party members from government organs to the grassroots, the Party’s organizational network is deeply integrated with grassroots governance units, achieving “full coverage” and “precise reach” of Party organizations to the governance end, providing a stable organizational foundation for “let everyone discuss and decide together,” and highlighting the institutional advantages of “organized governance.”

习近平总书记高度重视基层党组织建设，强调“要完善基层组织联系群众制度，加强议事协商，做好上情下达、下情上传工作，保证人民依法管理好自己的事务”。海淀区聚焦“上情下达、下情上传”，健全完善从街镇党（工）委到党员示范户的五级基层组织体系，依托党员骨干选任、机关党员下沉等机制，将党的组织网络与基层治理单元深度融合，实现了党组织对治理末梢的“全覆盖”与“精准触达”，为“大家商量着办”提供了稳定的组织依托，彰显了“组织化治理”的制度优势。

Enhance the organizational mobilization capacity of grassroots Party organizations. A complete mobilization system can maximize the integration, coordination, and guidance of various social resources and forces, helping to solve grassroots governance difficulties. On the basis of the Party organization taking overall charge and setting the direction, by improving the consultative democracy system and enriching consultation methods, broadening the channels for various grassroots organizations and the masses to participate in grassroots governance in an orderly manner, all forces can be mobilized, allowing the government, society, and residents to jointly participate in the decision-making and management of urban construction and development, enabling everyone to contribute to urban construction and development, fully reflecting the value concept of “the people’s city is built by the people, the people’s city is for the people.”

提升基层党组织的组织动员能力。完备的动员体系可以最大限度整合、协调、引导各种社会资源和社会力量，助力破解基层治理难题。在党组织统揽全局、把关定向的基础上，通过完善协商民主体系、丰富协商方式，拓宽基层各类组织和群众有序参与基层治理的渠道，可以把各方力量动员起来，让政府、社会、居民群众共同参与城市建设发展的决策管理，让人人为城市建设发展用劲使力，充分体现“人民城市人民建，人民城市为人民”的价值理念。

Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, General Secretary Xi Jinping has adhered to Marxist positions, viewpoints, and methods, profoundly grasped the laws of grassroots governance, organically integrated the Party’s leadership, the mass line, and modern governance concepts, emphasizing “building a grassroots governance pattern of joint contribution, co-governance, and shared benefits led by Party organizations” and “only through joint contribution can there be shared benefits; the process of joint contribution is also the process of shared benefits.” Haidian District takes “jointly building a beautiful home” as its governance goal, leveraging the advantages of having many Party, government, and military institutions, universities and research institutes, and high-tech enterprises within the region. Using Party organization pairing and co-building as a link to deepen regional linkage, using the Party building coordination committee as a platform to strengthen resource sharing and overall planning, and using actions such as the “Hai·Qing” community service action as a carrier to improve the school-local coordination mechanism, the political advantages of grassroots Party organizations are combined with the advantages of the government, enterprises, and social organizations, forming a favorable situation of mobilizing all entities to participate in social governance and undertake public service functions.

党的十八大以来，习近平总书记坚持马克思主义立场观点方法，深刻把握基层治理规律，将党的领导、群众路线与现代治理理念有机融合，强调“构建党组织领导的共建共治共享的城乡基层治理格局”“共建才能共享，共建的过程也是共享的过程”。海淀区以“共建美好家园”为治理目标，依托区域内党政军机构多、高校院所多、高新技术企业多的优势，以党组织结对共建为纽带深化区域联动，以党建协调委员会为平台强化资源共享统筹，以“海·青”社区服务行动等为载体完善校地协同机制，将基层党组织政治优势与政府、企业、社会组织优势相结合，形成动员各方主体参与社会治理、承担公共服务职能的良好局面。

Optimize institutional design to provide solid support for the innovative practice of joint consultation and co-governance

优化制度设计，为共商共治的创新实践提供坚实支撑

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “We must adhere to the principle of discussing more when there are matters, discussing more when encountering matters, and discussing more when doing things; the more and deeper the discussion, the better, promoting the extensive, multi-level, and institutionalized development of socialist consultative democracy.” “Consultation” is a Chinese wisdom formed over thousands of years in solving problems and resolving conflicts. Applying it to grassroots governance helps to cast the Chinese nation’s cultural gene of “harmonious coexistence” (和合共生) into modern grassroots governance, helps to continuously innovate the concepts, methods, and means of grassroots governance, and improve the level of socialization, rule of law, intelligence, and specialization of grassroots governance. The Central Urban Work Conference held in July this year emphasized: “Further improve the leadership system and working mechanism, enhance the synergy of urban policies, and strengthen the execution capacity of all aspects.” The “let everyone discuss and decide together” deliberation and consultation mechanism of Haidian District implements the Party’s mass line in specific governance mechanisms through institutionalized consultation, uses “consultation” as a link to activate the initiative of every member of the social governance community, and actively explores new paths for grassroots governance with Chinese characteristics.

习近平总书记指出：“我们要坚持有事多商量，遇事多商量，做事多商量，商量得越多越深入越好，推进社会主义协商民主广泛多层制度化发展。”“商量”是千百年来中华民族在解决问题、化解矛盾中形成的中国智慧。将其运用于基层治理，有助于将中华民族“和合共生”的文化基因熔铸于现代基层治理，有助于不断创新基层治理的理念、方法和手段，提高基层治理社会化、法治化、智能化、专业化水平。今年7月举行的中央城市工作会议强调：“要进一步健全领导体制和工作机制，增强城市政策协同性，强化各方面执行力。”海淀区“大家商量着办”议事协商机制，通过制度化协商将党的群众路线落实在具体的治理机制中，以“商量”为纽带激活社会治理共同体中每一位成员的主动性，积极探索具有中国特色的基层治理新路径。

Shifting the center of gravity downward to consolidate the grassroots foundation of consultative governance. As the “initial unit of occurrence” for public sentiment, popular will, and conflicting issues, the governance effectiveness of grassroots communities directly concerns the foundation of the national governance system. To enhance grassroots governance effectiveness, it is necessary to do “subtraction” in grassroots burdens and “addition” in capacity building, so that grassroots cadres can devote more time and energy to serving the masses, carrying out consultative governance, directly confronting the differentiated interest demands of the masses, activating the endogenous impetus for mass participation in grassroots governance, making governance decisions more scientific and effective, and greatly improving the precision and adaptability of grassroots governance.

推动重心下移，夯实协商治理的基层基础。基层社区作为民情民意和矛盾问题的“初始发生单元”，其治理效能直接关系到国家治理体系的根基。提升基层治理效能，需要在基层负担上做“减法”，在提升能力上做“加法”，让基层干部能够用更多时间和精力来服务群众，开展协商治理，直面群众差异化的利益诉求，激活群众参与基层治理的内生动力，使治理决策更加科学有效，大幅提升基层治理的精准性与适配性。

Adhering to the clear orientation of giving priority to grassroots work, shifting the center of gravity of grassroots governance downward, delegating power downward, and allocating resources downward is a strategic choice for improving the grassroots governance system led by Party organizations in the New Era. In recent years, Haidian District has strengthened the clear orientation of “revolving around the grassroots,” continuously tackling the prominent problem of “a small horse pulling a big cart” in grassroots governance.[1]1 “A small horse pulling a big cart” (小马拉大车) is a Chinese idiom used to describe a situation where grassroots units are given tasks and responsibilities that far exceed their capacity, personnel, and resources. For example, by earnestly implementing the “Several Provisions on Reducing Burdens at the Grassroots Level by Rectifying Formalism,” through measures such as comprehensively reducing the number of documents and meetings issued to the grassroots, streamlining and optimizing grassroots assessments, and cleaning up and standardizing the secondment of staff from subdistricts and towns, it has better relieved and reduced burdens on grassroots cadres, shifting the focus of governance from “higher-level directives” to “mass needs.” As another example, it has unswervingly empowered and increased efficiency for the grassroots, establishing a series of mechanisms such as the “Year of Capacity and Work Style Building,” “Monthly Lecture by Each Department-Level Unit,” and “Eight Entries into Communities (Villages) by District-Level Commissions, Offices, and Bureaus,” achieving a transformation from “putting pressure on the grassroots” to “building a platform for the grassroots.”

坚持大抓基层的鲜明导向，推动基层治理重心下移、权力下放、资源下沉，是新时代健全党组织领导的基层治理体系的战略性选择。近年来，海淀区强化“围着基层转”的鲜明导向，持续破解基层治理“小马拉大车”突出问题。比如，认真贯彻落实《整治形式主义为基层减负若干规定》，通过全口径压缩对基层发文、开会数量，精简优化基层考核，清理规范从街镇借调工作人员等举措，更好为基层干部松绑减负，将治理重心从“上级指令”转向“群众需求”。又如，坚定不移为基层赋能增效，建立“能力作风建设年”、处级单位“每月一讲”、区级委办局“八进社区（村）”等一系列机制，实现了从“给基层压担子”到“为基层搭台子”的转变。

Improving the consultative system to construct practical scenarios for consultative governance. Improving the system of grassroots direct democracy requires constructing institutional norms covering all links of democratic elections, democratic consultation, democratic decision-making, democratic management, and democratic supervision, so that the people can effectively exercise their democratic rights in these concrete practices. A fair, just, and open deliberation platform is an important foundation for the implementation of the grassroots direct democracy system. When grassroots deliberation rules are open and transparent, participation opportunities are fair and open, and the expression of opinions is equally guaranteed, the consultation process itself becomes a governance path widely recognized by the masses.

完善协商体系，构筑协商治理的实践场景。完善基层直接民主制度体系，需要构建涵盖民主选举、民主协商、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督各环节的制度规范，让人民群众在这些具体实践中切实行使民主权利。公平公正公开的议事平台，是基层直接民主制度体系落地的重要依托。当基层议事规则公开透明、参与机会公平开放、意见表达平等受保障时，协商过程本身便成为群众普遍认可的治理路径。

In the report to the 20th National Congress of the CPC, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Improve the system and working mechanisms of grassroots direct democracy, and enhance the effectiveness of urban and rural community residents’ self-management, self-service, self-education, and self-supervision.” Haidian District has deeply implemented General Secretary Xi Jinping’s directives on improving the system and working mechanisms of grassroots direct democracy, making “everyone discusses and decides together” the number one task of grassroots governance, establishing a normalized deliberation mechanism, forming a five-step deliberation method of “collecting, discussing, implementing, supervising, and evaluating,” and building over 650 deliberation platforms full of the flavor of everyday life, such as the “Red Willow Living Room,” using a complete and standardized deliberation system to ensure the smooth progress of grassroots deliberation and consultation, allowing the masses to speak and deliberate on affairs at their doorstep, thereby stimulating the innovative vitality of grassroots democratic consultation.

在党的二十大报告中，习近平总书记指出：“完善基层直接民主制度体系和工作体系，增强城乡社区群众自我管理、自我服务、自我教育、自我监督的实效。”海淀区深入贯彻落实习近平总书记关于完善基层直接民主制度体系和工作体系的指示要求，将“大家商量着办”作为基层治理的一号任务，建立常态化议事机制，形成“集、议、办、督、评”五步议事法，搭建“红柳会客厅”等650余个充满烟火气的议事平台，用完整规范的议事体系保障基层议事协商顺利进行，让群众在家门口就能说事、议事，激发基层民主协商的创新活力。

Strengthening proactive governance to drive the reform and leap of consultative governance. The “Decision” of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC proposed: “Uphold and develop the ‘Fengqiao Experience’ in the New Era.”[2]2 The “Fengqiao Experience” (枫桥经验) originated from Fengqiao Town, Zhuji City, Zhejiang Province, in the early 1960s as a method of resolving social contradictions through mass mobilization and mediation, later promoted nationwide by Mao Zedong. The “Fengqiao Experience,” as a typical experience of applying the mass line to grassroots governance, has its core in relying on the masses to resolve social contradictions and risks on the spot and prevent and resolve them at the front end, achieving “small matters do not leave the village, major matters do not leave the town, and contradictions are not handed upward” through organizational下沉 and forward shift of checkpoints. The “immediate response to complaints” practice in Beijing empowers the tradition of the Party’s mass work with digitalization, constructing a full-cycle closed loop of “the people have a call, I have a response; resolve before complaints are filed; systematic governance,” integrating “online response” with “on-site resolution” in the process of resolving grassroots contradictions. This shares the same value core as the “Fengqiao Experience.”

强化主动治理，驱动协商治理的改革跃升。党的二十届三中全会《决定》提出：“坚持和发展新时代‘枫桥经验’”。“枫桥经验”作为群众路线应用于基层治理的典型经验，核心在于依靠群众把社会矛盾风险就地化解、前端防范化解，通过组织下沉、关口前移实现“小事不出村、大事不出镇、矛盾不上交”。北京市“接诉即办”实践以数字化赋能党的群众工作传统，通过构建“民有所呼、我有所应、未诉先办、系统治理”的全周期闭环，将“线上响应”与“就地解决”融合于基层矛盾化解过程，这同“枫桥经验”在价值内核上一脉相承。

Haidian District has deeply implemented the important deployment on upholding and developing the “Fengqiao Experience” in the New Era, promoting the further deepening of Beijing’s “immediate response to complaints” reform, innovatively proposing the deliberation and consultation mechanism of “everyone discusses and decides together,” promoting the transformation of Party organizations at all levels from passively receiving complaints to proactively governing, making “discussion” an operational path for “resolving before complaints are filed,” achieving “contradictions are not handed upward, safety incidents do not occur, and services are not lacking.” Since 2023, through “discussion,” 79 long-standing unresolved problems within the district have been tackled, and a number of “hard bones” have been gnawed through. At the same time, it has leveraged the “window + think tank” role of the “immediate response to complaints” system, explored digital governance methods such as AI intelligent service systems and digital social workers, and promoted the construction of a convenient and efficient smart city.

海淀区深入贯彻落实关于坚持和发展新时代“枫桥经验”的重要部署，推动北京接诉即办改革进一步深化，创新提出“大家商量着办”议事协商机制，推动各级党组织从被动接诉向主动治理转变，使“商量”成为“未诉先办”的操作化路径，做到“矛盾不上交、平安不出事、服务不缺位”。2023年以来，通过“商量”攻坚解决区内长期未解决难题79件，啃下一批“硬骨头”。同时，发挥接诉即办“窗口+智库”作用，探索AI智能服务系统、数智社工等数字化治理方式，推动建设便捷高效的智慧城市。

Taking people’s satisfaction as the fundamental yardstick to enhance the governance effectiveness of joint consultation and co-governance

以人民满意为根本标尺，提升共商共治的治理效能

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Matters involving the interests of the people must be discussed among the people to decide how to handle them. Without discussion or insufficient discussion, it is very difficult to get things done and done well.” Countless matters, in the final analysis, are the affairs of thousands of households. With the support of the masses, even the most difficult things become very easy; without the support of the masses, even the easiest things become very difficult. Promoting grassroots governance innovation through joint consultation and co-governance is not a simple replication of traditional culture, but rather, in the collective participation of “co-governance,” the moral guidance of “rule of virtue,” and the consensus-building of “rule of law,” it allows the wisdom of the “way of governing the world” from China’s excellent traditional culture to take root and bear fruit in the soil of modern grassroots. This is both a methodology for relying on the masses to solve governance problems and a teleology for the people to share the fruits of development.

习近平总书记指出：“涉及人民利益的事情，要在人民内部商量好怎么办，不商量或者商量不够，要想把事情办成办好是很难的。”千头万绪的事，说到底是千家万户的事，得到群众支持，再难的事情也会变得很容易；没有群众支持，再容易的事情也会变得很难。以共商共治推动基层治理创新，不是对传统文化的简单复刻，而是在“共治”的集体参与、“德治”的道德引领、“法治”的凝聚共识中，推动中华优秀传统文化“治世之道”的智慧在现代基层土壤中生根结果。这既是依靠群众破解治理难题的方法论，更是发展成果由人民共享的目的论。

Realizing the people being the masters of the country through “discussion.” As consultative democracy deeply embedded in the entire process of China’s politics, it gathers the will of the people through institutionalized channels of democratic politics, transforms it into political arrangements for national governance, and exerts the effectiveness of national governance. Conducting extensive discussion among various sectors within the people, developing grassroots democracy, and ensuring that the people directly exercise their democratic rights in accordance with the law can further promote democracy, pool wisdom, unify thinking, and build consensus. This reflects both the essential characteristics of socialist democratic politics and highlights the features and advantages of China’s whole-process people’s democracy.

在“商量”中实现人民当家作主。作为深嵌于我国政治全过程的协商民主，通过民主政治的制度化渠道将人民意志凝聚起来，并将其转化为国家治理的政治安排，发挥出国家治理效能。在人民内部各方面广泛开展商量，发展基层民主，保障人民依法直接行使民主权利，能够进一步发扬民主、集思广益，也能够统一思想、凝聚共识。这既体现了社会主义民主政治的本质特征，也彰显了我国全过程人民民主的特色和优势。

The subject of “everyone discusses and decides together” is “everyone,” placing “people-centeredness” first, vividly interpreting the principal position of the people in grassroots governance. Haidian District insists on “what to do is widely proposed by the masses, who does it is fully discussed by the masses, how to do it is jointly decided by the masses, and how it turns out is openly evaluated by the masses.” Whether it is the handling of issues such as conflicts and disputes among residents, or the advancement of public affairs such as community environmental improvement, elevator installation, pipeline repair, and space renewal, all relevant parties are brought together to discuss, ensuring that all parties can fully express their interest demands. Implementing the “everyone discusses and decides together” mechanism turns individual “you,” “me,” and “him” into “everyone,” concretizes the “process of extensive discussion among various sectors within the people” into a process of safeguarding, asserting, and developing the people’s principal rights, and concretely implements “reform for the people, reform relying on the people, and the fruits of reform shared by the people” in grassroots governance practice.

“大家商量着办”的主体是“大家”，把“以人民为中心”放在首位，生动诠释了人民群众在基层治理中的主体地位。海淀区坚持“干什么由群众广泛提、谁来干由群众充分议、怎么干由群众共同定、怎么样由群众公开评”，不论是居民之间矛盾冲突等问题的处置，还是小区环境整治、安装电梯、维修管道、空间更新等公共事务的推进，都让相关的各方面主体一起商量，保障各方主体充分表达利益诉求。实行“大家商量着办”机制，把一个个“你”“我”“他”变成“大家”，把“在人民内部各方面广泛商量的过程”具体化为维护、主张和发扬人民主体权利的过程，把“改革为了人民、改革依靠人民、改革成果由人民共享”具体落实到基层治理实践中。

Stimulating the vitality of social coordination and participation through “discussion.” Currently, urban development is transitioning from a stage of large-scale incremental expansion to a stage primarily focused on stock quality improvement and efficiency enhancement. Adapting to this fundamental change requires accelerating the downward shift of the center of gravity of grassroots governance, adopting measures such as community consultation and multi-stakeholder coordination, so as to revitalize grassroots governance.

在“商量”中激发社会协同参与活力。当前，城市发展正从大规模增量扩张阶段转向存量提质增效为主的阶段。适应这一根本性变化，需要加快推动基层治理重心下移，采取社区协商、多方利益相关者协调等举措，让基层治理焕发新活力。

The Central Urban Work Conference held in July this year [n4] put forward: “Deeply grasp the inherent requirements for enhancing the driving force and vitality of urban development, and write a major article on reform and innovation.” Grassroots governance involves a vast number and wide variety of matters. It is necessary to encourage multiple subjects to focus on the goals of grassroots governance, each performing their own duties while closely coordinating, so as to form an organic grassroots governance community. Haidian District has taken maximizing the pooling of wisdom and strength from all sides and stimulating social vitality as an important lever for the “everyone discusses and decides together” mechanism, vigorously supporting new economic organizations, new social organizations, and new employment groups to integrate into grassroots governance. Leveraging their flexibility in going through streets and alleys and their advantage of being familiar with people and places, multiple volunteer service teams have been formed, broadly participating in grassroots affairs through methods such as “snapshot reporting.” Media resources, online platforms, and professional forces such as legal advisors, people’s mediators, and responsible planners are fully mobilized to pool collective wisdom. Through various flexible forms of consultation, new ideas and new methods for solving problems are found, pushing grassroots governance from being solely led by the government onto a healthy development track of multi-stakeholder co-governance.

今年7月举行的中央城市工作会议提出：“深刻把握增强城市发展动力活力的内在要求，做好改革创新大文章”。基层治理事务数量庞大、种类繁杂，要鼓励多方主体围绕基层治理目标，各司其职又紧密配合，形成有机的基层治理共同体。海淀区把最大限度汇聚各方智慧与力量、激发社会活力作为“大家商量着办”机制的重要抓手，大力支持新经济组织、新社会组织、新就业群体融入基层治理，借助他们走街串巷的灵活性、人熟地熟的优势，组建多支志愿服务队，以“随手拍”等方式广泛参与基层事务。充分调动媒体资源、网络载体以及法律顾问、人民调解员、责任规划师等专业力量群策群力，通过多种灵活的商量形式，找到解决问题的新思路、新办法，推动基层治理从政府单一主导走上多方共治的良性发展轨道。

Realizing the goal and vision of the people’s good life through “consultation.” General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Where the people’s feelings are strongest, everyone must not overlook it.” What the people hope for is what the government strives for. The “strong feelings” and “urgent difficulties and anxieties” of the masses regarding grassroots governance reflect the most pressing, most realistic, and most specific needs and pain points. The effectiveness of grassroots governance must ultimately be reflected through the people’s feelings, and the improvement of the people’s feelings can in turn feed back into governance recognition, forming a positive interaction. Only by paying more attention to governance input and truly resolving the worries in the people’s hearts and the difficulties in their lives can the trust and support of the masses be won, and the foundation of grassroots governance be consolidated.

在“商量”中实现人民美好生活的目标愿景。习近平总书记指出：“老百姓的感受在哪方面最强烈，大家一定不要忽视了。”民之所望，政之所向。群众关于基层治理的“强烈感受”与“急难愁盼”，反映了最迫切、最现实、最具体的需求和痛点。基层治理效能最终要通过群众感受来体现，而群众感受的提升又能反哺治理认同，形成良性互动。只有更加注重治理投入，真正解决群众心头之忧、生活之困，才能赢得群众的信任与支持，筑牢基层治理根基。

Haidian District insists on tackling the easier problems first before the difficult ones, emphasizing “that matters discussed can be handled, and handling yields results,” and is committed to transforming the results of mass consultation into feasible solutions. By carrying out the “Four Hundreds” grassroots outreach activity of “knocking on a hundred doors, knowing a hundred families’ situations, solving a hundred families’ worries, and warming a hundred families’ hearts,” a number of practical experiences have been formed, such as “walking ten visits to a hundred” and morning greetings and evening farewells. By establishing four databases — a “consultation database,” an “experience database,” a “pain point database,” and a “backbone database” — the consultation mechanism is continuously optimized, and difficult issues in grassroots governance are excavated. Since 2023, more than 9,000 long-standing difficult problems in areas such as property management, meals for the elderly, and parking management have been solved, responding to the people’s expectations with tangible governance results. “Everyone discusses and decides together” is based on “consultation,” and the key lies in “handling.” The two are unified in the process of solving the people’s urgent difficulties and anxieties, and unified in the practice of meeting the people’s needs for a better life, vividly interpreting the people-centered nature, systematicity, and innovativeness of grassroots governance in the New Era.

海淀区坚持先易后难，强调“议事能办、办有结果”，致力于将群众商量的结果转化为切实可行的解决方案。通过开展“敲百家门、知百家情、解百家忧、暖百家心”的“四百”走基层活动，形成“走十访百”、早迎晚送等一批实践经验。通过建立“商量库”“经验库”“痛点库”“骨干库”4个库，持续优化商量机制，挖掘基层治理难点问题，自2023年以来解决了物业、老年餐、停车管理等方面的老大难问题9000余件，用实实在在的治理成果回应群众期待。“大家商量着办”，基础是“商量”，关键在“办”，二者统一于人民急难愁盼问题的解决过程之中，统一于满足人民美好生活需要的实践之中，生动诠释了新时代基层治理的人民性、系统性与创新性。

(The author is Secretary of the CPC Haidian District Committee, Beijing)

（作者为中共北京市海淀区委书记）

Online Editor: Tongxin

网络编辑：同心