Intelligent Computing Assists in Constructing China’s Independent Knowledge System

In 2022, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out during his inspection of Renmin University of China, “Accelerating the construction of philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics ultimately means constructing China’s independent knowledge system.” The construction of an independent knowledge system for Chinese philosophy and social sciences has been written into the *Outline of the Plan for Building China into a Leading Country in Education (2024–2035)*, becoming an important component of building China into a leading country in education. The *Proposal of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development* (hereinafter referred to as the *Proposal*), adopted at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC, also clearly states the need to “innovatively implement the Marxist theory research and development project, and accelerate the construction of China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences.” [1]1 The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC was held in July 2025, focusing on further deepening reform and advancing Chinese modernization. The *Proposal* mentioned here refers to the document outlining the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026–2030). In recent years, constructing China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences has increasingly become a major topic in current Chinese philosophy and social sciences research, yielding a series of high-quality research results. We have gained a deeper understanding of recognizing the independent knowledge system and constructing our own independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences.

2022年，习近平总书记在中国人民大学考察时指出，“加快构建中国特色哲学社会科学，归根结底是建构中国自主的知识体系”。构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系被写入《教育强国建设规划纲要（2024—2035年）》，成为教育强国建设的重要内容。党的二十届四中全会通过的《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》（以下简称《建议》）中也明确指出，要“创新实施马克思主义理论研究和建设工程，加快构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系”。近年来，构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系越来越成为当前中国哲学社会科学研究的重大课题，产生了一系列高质量研究成果，我们对于认识自主知识体系，构建我们自己的哲学社会科学自主知识体系有了更为深入的认识。

At the same time, we should also recognize that constructing China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences is no easy task. Judging by the current state of research, the task remains arduous, with existing research mostly remaining at the theoretical level. The difficulty in constructing China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences is determined by the inherent logic of the knowledge system itself. Essentially, the process of human civilization is the process by which humanity understands and transforms nature and society. The outcome of understanding nature and society is the construction of a knowledge system. Chinese civilization has a long and continuous history; from the birth of civilization to its development and then to its maturity, the most direct manifestation is China’s knowledge system. The existing knowledge system of the Chinese people was formed by the industrious and wise Chinese people over more than 5,000 years of civilization development on this vast land of China. This process itself was an extremely complex task accomplished over an immensely long historical period. Since modern times, the civilizational process of the Chinese nation, proceeding according to its own developmental logic, has been greatly disrupted. Through the gradual advancement of the eastward transmission of Western learning, [2]2 “Eastward transmission of Western learning” (西学东渐) refers to the historical process from the late Ming dynasty onward in which Western science, technology, and ideas were introduced to China, intensifying in the 19th and early 20th centuries. China’s current knowledge system has incorporated the achievements of various major human knowledge systems. Under the current circumstances, constructing China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences is naturally not a simple task of “creating something from nothing.” To this end, we need to introduce intelligent computing methods to solve this challenge.

同时，我们也应该看到，构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系并非易事。就现有研究状况来看，任务仍然艰巨，现有研究更多停留在理论层面。构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系之所以困难，是知识体系本身的内在逻辑决定的。从本质上讲，人类的文明进程就是人类认识自然和社会、改造自然和社会的进程。而认识自然和社会的成果就是知识体系的构建。中华文明源远流长，从文明诞生到文明发展再到文明成熟，最为直接的体现就是中国的知识体系。中国人民已有的知识体系，是勤劳智慧的中国人历经5000多年文明发展，在中国这片辽阔的土地上形成的，这一过程本身就是在极为漫长的历史进程中完成的一项极其复杂的任务。近代以来，中华民族按照自身发展逻辑进行的文明进程受到极大干扰，而通过西学东渐的渐次推进，中国目前的知识体系已融入了人类各大知识体系的成果。在目前的状态下，构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系自然不是一个简单“从无到有”的任务。为此，我们需要引入智能计算的方法来解决这项难题。

The basic components of China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences are the disciplinary system, the academic system, and the discourse system, manifested in hundreds of millions of academic papers, countless books, and even vast amounts of internet information. According to data released by the National Copyright Administration of China in 2024, the total number of copyright registrations nationwide in 2024 reached 10 million pieces, and the annual number of CSSCI papers exceeds 60,000. [3]3 CSSCI (Chinese Social Sciences Citation Index) is a major citation database for Chinese-language academic journals in the social sciences and humanities. To comprehensively sort through these academic documents and form an independent knowledge system for Chinese philosophy and social sciences centered on iconic concepts and original theories, it is necessary to introduce intelligent computing methods such as big data and artificial intelligence. Using intelligent computing methods to conduct a comprehensive integration of academic literature on iconic concepts and original theories from the vast sea of academic research literature is the most scientific and feasible choice for constructing China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences. We can even say that without intelligent computing as technical support, the scientific nature of constructing China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences would be greatly compromised.

中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系的基本组成部分是学科体系、学术体系和话语体系，表现为上亿篇学术论文、无法计数的著作，甚至包括了海量的互联网信息。从国家版权局2024年公布的数据来看，2024年全国著作权登记总量达1000万件，每年CSSCI论文数都在6万篇以上。要对这些学术文献进行全面梳理，形成以标识性概念和原创性理论为核心的中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系，就需要引入大数据、人工智能等智能计算的方法。从浩如烟海的学术研究文献中，运用智能计算的方法，对标识性概念和原创性理论进行全面学术文献集成，是构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系最科学也最可行的选择。我们甚至可以说，没有智能计算作为技术支撑，构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系的科学性就会大打折扣。

The auxiliary role of intelligent computing in constructing China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences is comprehensive. Regarding the sources for constructing China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences, intelligent computing can help philosophy and social sciences researchers better focus on the major theoretical and practical issues emerging in the process of Chinese-path modernization. Regarding the guidance for constructing China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences, intelligent computing can help philosophy and social sciences researchers better analyze the Party’s innovative theories, identifying the iconic concepts and original theories within them. Regarding the innovativeness of constructing China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences, intelligent computing itself is a methodology for Chinese philosophy and social sciences and will also provide better methodology for constructing China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences.

智能计算对构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系的辅助性作用是全方位的。就构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系的来源来看，智能计算能够帮助哲学社会科学研究人员更好地聚焦中国式现代化建设过程中出现的重大理论和实践问题。就构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系的引领来看，智能计算能够帮助哲学社会科学研究人员更好地解析党的创新理论，识别出其中的标识性概念和原创性理论。就构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系的创新性来看，智能计算本身就是中国哲学社会科学的方法论，也将为构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系提供更好的方法论。

First, using intelligent computing to promote the systematic and theoretical research and interpretation of the Party’s innovative theories, providing value guidance for constructing China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences. China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences is constructed under the guidance of the Party’s innovative theories. Therefore, the prerequisite for constructing China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences lies in the systematic and theoretical research and interpretation of the Party’s innovative theories. Using intelligent computing methods can more systematically sort out the system of the Party’s innovative theories, especially conducting a review of research on Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, identifying the iconic concepts and original theories within it. On the one hand, intelligent computing of academic research literature helps promote the theorization of the Party’s innovative theories. Comprehensively and systematically sorting out academic research on the Party’s innovative theories can provide academic verification and validation for these theories, thereby advancing their theorization. On the other hand, intelligent computing of academic research is conducive to in-depth study of the Party’s innovative theories. Academic research is an integrated study of scientific research and value evaluation, encompassing literature, methods, and cases. It is not only large in quantity and high in quality but also emphasizes the systematic nature of knowledge. Cross-referencing it with the Party’s innovative theories is more beneficial for promoting the systematization of the Party’s innovative theories.

一是以智能计算推进党的创新理论体系化学理化研究阐释，为构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系提供价值引领。中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系是以党的创新理论为引领构建起来的。因此，构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系的前提在于对党的创新理论的体系化学理化研究阐释。运用智能计算的方法可以更系统地梳理党的创新理论体系，尤其是对习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的研究进行梳理，识别出其中的标识性概念、原创性理论。一方面，对学术研究的文献进行智能计算，有助于推进党的创新理论的学理化。全面系统梳理学术界对党的创新理论的研究，可以为党的创新理论提供学术上的验证和论证，进而推进党的创新理论学理化。另一方面，对学术研究进行智能计算，有利于深入研究党的创新理论。学术研究是文献、方法、案例等科学研究和价值评价的集成性研究，不仅数量大、质量高，而且更强调知识的体系性，将其与党的创新理论相互印证，更有利于推动党的创新理论体系化。

Second, using intelligent computing to promote the identification of iconic concepts, advancing the theorization of constructing China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences. Iconic concepts are the constituent elements of China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences, and their accuracy directly affects the entire process of constructing this system. Traditionally, the identification of iconic concepts in Chinese philosophy and social sciences has relied more on the subjective judgment of researchers. Which concepts become iconic concepts and how their connotations are defined are mostly determined through subjective judgment methods such as philosophical speculation and limited enumeration. This not only leads to misinterpretation of concepts and widespread ambiguity but also brings subjectivity and uncertainty to concepts, directly affecting the certainty of the philosophy and social sciences knowledge system. Using intelligent computing methods such as bibliometrics and large language models for concept identification, and extracting the connotations of iconic concepts from massive academic literature using big data and artificial intelligence methods, can provide a more scientific system of iconic concepts for constructing China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences.

二是以智能计算推进标识性概念的识别，推进构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系的学理化。标识性概念是中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系的构成元素，其准确性直接影响构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系的全过程。传统上，中国哲学社会科学的标识性概念更多依靠研究者的主观判断来识别。哪些概念会成为标识性概念，这些概念的内涵如何界定，大多采取哲学思辨、有限列举等主观判断的方式进行。这不仅造成了概念误读、歧义丛生，还会带来概念的主观性和不确定性，直接影响哲学社会科学知识体系的确定性。运用文献计量学、大语言模型等智能计算的方法进行概念识别，并从海量的学术文献中运用大数据、人工智能方法提炼标识性概念的内涵，可为构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系提供更加科学的标识性概念体系。

Third, using intelligent computing to promote the integration of original theories, advancing the systematization process of constructing China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences. Overall, China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences has four major forms: iconic concepts, practical propositions, scientific methods, and original theories, all of which are directly linked to intelligent computing. First, intelligent computing will provide scientific methods for constructing China’s independent knowledge system for philosophy and social sciences, thereby promoting methodological innovation in knowledge system construction. Second, intelligent computing can, around iconic concepts, identify practical propositions that are more connected to practice and more vital, providing more important material for original theories. Third, moving from concepts and propositions to theories and theoretical systems requires the use of intelligent computing technologies such as knowledge bases and knowledge graphs to cluster knowledge elements, as well as intelligent computing to precisely observe changes and trends in knowledge elements, analyzing and predicting the evolution of the knowledge system. In summary, during the systematization process of knowledge system construction, it is necessary to explore intelligent computing technologies based on big data and large language models to provide technical support for constructing China’s independent knowledge system.

三是以智能计算推进原创性理论的集成，推进构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系的体系化进程。总的来看，中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系具有标识性概念、实践性命题、科学性方法和原创性理论四大形态，都与智能计算有着直接的联系。第一，智能计算会为构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系提供科学方法，进而推动知识体系构建的方法创新。第二，智能计算能够围绕标识性概念识别更联系实践也更有生命力的实践性命题，为原创性理论提供更为重要的质料。第三，由概念、命题上升为理论和理论体系，需要运用知识库、知识图谱等智能计算技术对知识要素进行聚类，也需要智能计算精准观察知识要素的变化与趋势，对知识体系的变迁进行分析和预测。总之，在知识体系构建的体系化过程中，需要探索基于大数据、大语言模型等智能计算技术，为构建中国自主知识体系提供技术支撑。

Fourth, through a human-machine collaborative scientific research organization, it provides trusted computing of sensitive information for China’s autonomous knowledge system of philosophy and social sciences. Current large language models often avoid sensitive topics, either refusing to answer or giving perfunctory responses. This not only hinders the dissemination of the Party’s innovative theories but also is detrimental to building China’s autonomous knowledge system of philosophy and social sciences. This requires us to solve the problem of computing sensitive information on the basis of ethical alignment. At the same time, large language models have problems such as fabricating literature and data, leading to AI hallucinations, which directly affect the intelligent computing of the knowledge system. We need to comprehensively use methods such as knowledge bases and prompt words to solve the problem of trusted computing. Particularly important is that the main body for building China’s autonomous knowledge system of philosophy and social sciences is China’s intellectual community, not large language models. How to better realize human-machine collaboration and enhance the efficiency and scientificity of experts’ work is also a challenging issue.

四是以人机协同的科研组织方式，为中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系提供敏感信息的可信计算。目前的大语言模型常常会避开敏感话题，要么不予回答，要么敷衍了事。这既妨碍了党的创新理论传播，也不利于构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系。这就需要我们在伦理对齐的基础上，解决敏感信息的计算问题。同时，大语言模型存在编造文献、数据等问题，会出现AI幻觉，这直接影响到知识体系的智能计算，需要我们综合运用知识库、提示词等方式来解决可信计算的问题。尤其重要的是，构建中国哲学社会科学自主知识体系的主体是中国的知识界，不是大语言模型，如何更好地实现人机协作，提升专家的工作效率和科学性，也是富有挑战的问题。

Intelligent computing technology is still in its early stages of development. It has been only a little over three years since large language models represented by ChatGPT entered people’s field of vision. More significantly, artificial intelligence represented by large language models grows exponentially every year, and its future development is limitless. With the assistance of intelligent computing, building China’s autonomous knowledge system is no longer an “impossible task” but has gained an engine with unlimited power, catching the fast train of AI development. The more artificial intelligence technology develops, the more the relevant extensions of the philosophy and social sciences knowledge system will expand. Moreover, based on the assistance of intelligent computing, the development of China’s philosophy and social sciences will usher in a new evolutionary model, and this assistance will provide strong impetus for building China’s autonomous knowledge system.

智能计算技术仍然处于发展早期，以ChatGPT为代表的大语言模型进入人们的视野不过三年多的时间。更有意义的是，以大语言模型为代表的人工智能每年都呈指数级增长，其未来的发展是不可限量的。有了智能计算的辅助，构建中国自主的知识体系不再是一项“不可能完成的任务”，而是获得了动力无限的引擎，搭上人工智能发展的快车。人工智能技术越发展，哲学社会科学知识体系的相关外延也将会扩大。不仅如此，基于智能计算的助力，中国哲学社会科学发展将迎来新的演进模式，而这一助力将为构建中国自主的知识体系提供强劲动力。

(The author is Vice President of Tianjin Normal University, Director of the Intelligent Computing Laboratory for China’s Autonomous Knowledge System at Tianjin Normal University, and Professor.)

（作者系天津师范大学副校长、天津师范大学中国自主知识体系智能计算实验室主任、教授）