Opening a New Phase of High-Quality Belt and Road Cooperation

General Secretary Xi Jinping attended the opening ceremony of the Third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation and delivered a keynote speech, elaborating on the initiative’s original aspiration, reviewing its achievements, summarizing cooperation experience, and announcing eight major steps, which received enthusiastic responses and active support from all participating parties. Attendees unanimously agreed that this forum consolidated cooperation consensus, enriched cooperation outcomes, expanded bright prospects, achieved great success, and opened a new phase of high-quality Belt and Road cooperation.

习近平总书记出席第三届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛开幕式并发表主旨演讲，阐述倡议初心，回顾建设成绩，总结合作经验，宣布八项行动，得到与会各方热烈反响和积极支持。与会人士一致认为，本届高峰论坛巩固了合作共识，丰富了合作成果，拓展了光明前景，取得了巨大成功，开启了高质量共建“一带一路”的新阶段。

I. Charting the Course for the Next Golden Decade

一、为开创下一个金色十年指明前进方向

Over the past decade, General Secretary Xi Jinping has successively presided over three Belt and Road symposiums, attended three Belt and Road Forums for International Cooperation in a row and delivered keynote speeches, and elaborated in depth on the Belt and Road Initiative at a series of important domestic and international occasions. These important expositions systematically address a range of major theoretical and practical questions, including why to jointly build the Belt and Road, what kind of Belt and Road to build, how to build it, and how to promote its high-quality development. In his keynote speech at the Third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, General Secretary Xi Jinping made a series of the latest important expositions, outlining a grand blueprint for advancing high-quality Belt and Road cooperation into a new phase.

十年来，习近平总书记先后主持召开三次“一带一路”相关座谈会，连续三次出席“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛并发表主旨演讲，并在一系列重要国内外场合深入论述“一带一路”。这些重要论述系统回答了为什么要共建“一带一路”、要共建什么样的“一带一路”、怎样共建“一带一路”、怎样推动共建“一带一路”高质量发展等一系列重大理论和实践问题。在第三届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛主旨演讲中，习近平总书记作出一系列最新重要论述，擘画出推动高质量共建“一带一路”进入新阶段的宏伟蓝图。

Elaborating on the original aspiration for proposing the Belt and Road Initiative. General Secretary Xi Jinping has made a series of profound expositions on the historical context and value pursuits behind the Belt and Road Initiative, emphasizing that its fundamental starting point and ultimate goal is to explore new ways for neighbors near and far to achieve common development and to open a “road to happiness” that benefits all countries and the world. At this forum, General Secretary Xi Jinping revisited with the international community the major proposition of why to build the Belt and Road, stressing that “the original aspiration for proposing this initiative was to draw on the ancient Silk Road, take connectivity as the main thread, and strengthen policy coordination, infrastructure connectivity, unimpeded trade, financial integration, and people-to-people bonds with all countries, injecting new momentum into world economic growth, opening new space for global development, and building a new platform for international economic cooperation.” He reaffirmed the cooperative and developmental nature of the Belt and Road, emphasized its vision, goals, and principles, and clarified its cooperation priorities and practical pathways.

阐述提出共建“一带一路”倡议的初心。习近平总书记围绕提出共建“一带一路”倡议的时代背景和价值诉求作出了一系列深刻论述，强调共建“一带一路”的根本出发点和落脚点，就是探索远亲近邻共同发展的新办法，开拓造福各国、惠及世界的“幸福路”。在本届高峰论坛上，习近平总书记同国际社会重温为什么要共建“一带一路”这一重大命题，强调“提出这一倡议的初心，是借鉴古丝绸之路，以互联互通为主线，同各国加强政策沟通、设施联通、贸易畅通、资金融通、民心相通，为世界经济增长注入新动能，为全球发展开辟新空间，为国际经济合作打造新平台”，重申“一带一路”的合作发展属性，强调“一带一路”的愿景目标和理念原则，明确“一带一路”的合作重点和实践路径。

Reviewing the extraordinary journey and fruitful achievements of the first vibrant decade. In his keynote speech, General Secretary Xi Jinping used vivid and evocative language to broadly review the great journey and major progress of Belt and Road construction over the past decade, and through a point-to-area approach, sorted out the tangible and substantial cooperation achievements of this decade. He stressed that “we have worked to build a global connectivity network covering land, sea, sky, and the internet, led by economic corridors, framed by major transport routes and information highways, and supported by railways, highways, airports, ports, and pipelines. This has effectively facilitated the flow of goods, capital, technology, and personnel among countries, and injected new vitality into the millennia-old Silk Road in the New Era.” Looking back on the decade-long journey, Belt and Road construction has moved from focusing on policy coordination, infrastructure connectivity, unimpeded trade, financial integration, and people-to-people bonds to cooperation in new areas such as health, green development, digitalization, and innovation. It has formed over 3,000 cooperation projects, driven nearly one trillion US dollars in investment, and created “national landmarks,” “livelihood projects,” and “monuments of cooperation,” fully demonstrating the responsibility of a major country in helping all countries achieve common development through concrete actions.

回顾第一个蓬勃十年的非凡历程和累累硕果。习近平总书记在主旨演讲中用形象生动的话语从宏观上回顾“一带一路”十年建设实践的伟大历程和重大进展，并通过以点带面的方式梳理“一带一路”十年建设取得的实打实、沉甸甸合作成绩。强调“我们致力于构建以经济走廊为引领，以大通道和信息高速公路为骨架，以铁路、公路、机场、港口、管网为依托，涵盖陆、海、天、网的全球互联互通网络，有效促进了各国商品、资金、技术、人员的大流通，推动绵亘千年的古丝绸之路在新时代焕发新活力”。回望十年路，“一带一路”建设从聚焦政策沟通、设施联通、贸易畅通、资金融通、民心相通，到开展健康、绿色、数字、创新等新领域合作，已经形成3000多个合作项目，拉动近万亿美元投资规模，打造了一个个“国家地标”“民生工程”“合作丰碑”，充分彰显了以实际行动助力各国共同发展的大国担当。

Summarizing the valuable experience accumulated over the decade of construction. In his keynote speech, General Secretary Xi Jinping elaborated in depth on the valuable experience and insights accumulated over the decade of Belt and Road construction, pointing out that humanity is an interdependent community with a shared future, and only win-win cooperation can accomplish things, do things well, and achieve great things. The Silk Road spirit of peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, mutual learning, and mutual benefit is the most important source of strength for Belt and Road cooperation. General Secretary Xi Jinping further stressed that “the world will be better when China is better, and China will be better when the world is better,” “countries with faster economic development should give a helping hand to partners who are temporarily lagging behind,” and “the rose is in her hand, the flavor in mine; helping others also helps oneself.” These heartfelt expositions embody the Chinese worldview, values, and way of dealing with others, and also demonstrate a profound grasp of global trends and deep concern for the future and destiny of all humanity, once again clarifying to the world the underlying logic and responsibility of China in promoting Belt and Road cooperation.

总结十年建设积累的宝贵经验。习近平总书记在主旨演讲中深入阐述“一带一路”十年建设中积累的宝贵经验启示，指出人类是相互依存的命运共同体，只有合作共赢才能办成事、办好事、办大事，和平合作、开放包容、互学互鉴、互利共赢的丝路精神，是共建“一带一路”最重要的力量源泉。习近平总书记进一步强调，“世界好，中国才会好；中国好，世界会更好”，“经济发展快一些的国家，要拉一把暂时走在后面的伙伴”，“赠人玫瑰则手有余香，成就别人也是帮助自己”。这些饱含深情的论述蕴含着中国人的世界观、价值观和处世之道，也彰显了对世界潮流大势的深刻把握和对全人类前途命运的深切关怀，向世界再次阐明中国推动共建“一带一路”的深层逻辑和责任担当。

Discussing the global significance of Chinese-path modernization. In his keynote speech, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that China is advancing the great cause of building a strong country and rejuvenating the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization. What we pursue is not modernization that benefits China alone, but modernization achieved together with all countries, including developing countries. World modernization should be modernization of peaceful development, mutually beneficial cooperation, and common prosperity. China is willing to deepen Belt and Road partnership with all parties, promote Belt and Road cooperation into a new phase of high-quality development, and make unremitting efforts to achieve modernization for all countries. Chinese-path modernization is based on China’s own national conditions while drawing on the experience of other countries, inherits historical culture while integrating modern civilization, and benefits the Chinese people while promoting common development in the world. It is the broad path for the Chinese people to build a strong country and rejuvenate the nation, and also the inevitable path for China to seek human progress and global harmony. Through high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, the development experience of Chinese-path modernization will continuously provide reference for partner countries, and the opportunities of Chinese-path modernization will also be continuously shared by partner countries.

论述中国式现代化的世界意义。习近平总书记在主旨演讲中强调指出，中国正在以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业。我们追求的不是中国独善其身的现代化，而是期待同广大发展中国家在内的各国一道，共同实现现代化。世界现代化应该是和平发展的现代化、互利合作的现代化、共同繁荣的现代化。中方愿同各方深化“一带一路”合作伙伴关系，推动共建“一带一路”进入高质量发展的新阶段，为实现世界各国的现代化作出不懈努力。中国式现代化既基于自身国情、又借鉴各国经验，既传承历史文化、又融合现代文明，既造福中国人民、又促进世界共同发展，是中国人民强国建设、民族复兴的康庄大道，也是中国谋求人类进步、世界大同的必由之路。通过高质量共建“一带一路”，中国式现代化的发展经验将不断为共建国家提供借鉴，中国式现代化的机遇也将不断为共建国家所共享。

Announcing eight major steps for China to support high-quality Belt and Road cooperation. General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed that on the road ahead, there will be both favorable conditions and headwinds. We must adhere to a goal-oriented and action-oriented approach, stay committed to our goals, and carry out our blueprint to the end. General Secretary Xi Jinping solemnly announced eight major steps for China to support high-quality Belt and Road cooperation: building a multidimensional Belt and Road connectivity network, supporting an open world economy, carrying out practical cooperation, promoting green development, advancing scientific and technological innovation, supporting people-to-people exchanges, building a clean Silk Road, and improving the Belt and Road cooperation mechanism. These eight major steps clarify the key focus areas for high-quality Belt and Road cooperation in the new phase, set a new direction, open new prospects, and inject new momentum into Belt and Road construction. They will surely unite all forces, make high-quality Belt and Road cooperation more innovative, dynamic, open, and inclusive, and jointly open the next golden decade.

宣布中国支持高质量共建“一带一路”的八项行动。习近平总书记强调，前行道路上，有顺境也会有逆流。我们要坚持目标导向、行动导向，咬定青山不放松，一张蓝图绘到底。习近平总书记郑重宣布中国支持高质量共建“一带一路”的八项行动，即构建“一带一路”立体互联互通网络，支持建设开放型世界经济，开展务实合作，促进绿色发展，推动科技创新，支持民间交往，建设廉洁之路，完善“一带一路”合作机制。这八项行动明确了新阶段高质量共建“一带一路”的重要着力点，为“一带一路”建设明确了新方向，开辟了新愿景，注入了新动力，必将凝聚各方力量，推动高质量共建“一带一路”更具创新与活力，更加开放和包容，共同开启下一个金色十年。

II. Belt and Road Construction Makes Important Contributions to Global Common Development and Prosperity

二、“一带一路”建设为世界共同发展繁荣作出重要贡献

Spring brings blossoms, autumn yields fruit. Over the past decade, the “five types of connectivity” within the Belt and Road framework have complemented each other, with hard connectivity, soft connectivity, and people-to-people bonds reinforcing one another, achieving remarkable construction results and creating comprehensive benefits that will last for generations.

春发其华，秋收其实。十年来，“一带一路”框架内的“五通”建设相辅相成，硬联通、软联通、心联通相得益彰，取得举世瞩目的建设成绩，也创造了利在千秋的综合效益。

Enhancing political, economic, and social ties among partner countries. Currently, over 150 countries and more than 30 international organizations have signed Belt and Road cooperation documents with China, covering over three-quarters of the world’s countries and more than 60 percent of the global population. As of the end of August this year, China has signed 21 free trade agreements with 28 countries and regions. Trade in goods with partner countries has grown at an average annual rate of 6.4 percent. In 2022, China’s import and export trade with partner countries reached nearly 2.9 trillion US dollars, accounting for 45.4 percent of China’s total foreign trade value, an increase of 6.2 percentage points compared to 2013. From 2013 to 2022, the cumulative value of new contracts signed and completed turnover by Chinese enterprises in partner countries reached 2 trillion US dollars and 1.3 trillion US dollars, respectively. Two-way investment between China and partner countries has cumulatively exceeded 380 billion US dollars, with outward direct investment exceeding 240 billion US dollars. The economic ties between China and partner countries have effectively enhanced the resilience of each other’s industrial and supply chains, playing an important role in maintaining the stable supply of energy, food, and critical minerals for all countries.

增进共建伙伴国家政治经济社会联系。目前，世界上已经有150多个国家和30多个国际组织同中国签署“一带一路”合作文件，涵盖了全球超过四分之三的国家和六成以上人口。 截至今年8月底，中国与28个国家和地区签署21个自贸协定。与共建国家货物贸易额年均增长6.4%，2022年与共建国家进出口贸易额近2.9万亿美元，占同期中国外贸总值的45.4%，较2013年提高了6.2个百分点。2013年到2022年，中国企业在共建国家承包工程新签合同额、完成营业额累计分别达到2万亿美元和1.3万亿美元。与共建国家双向投资累计超过3800亿美元，对外直接投资超过2400亿美元。中国同共建国家的经济联系有力提升了彼此产业链供应链韧性，为维护各国能源、粮食和关键矿产稳定供应发挥了重要作用。

Promoting the process of all-round global connectivity. Over the past decade, the “four-in-one” connectivity of land, sea, air, and cyberspace has been solidly advanced, and the “six corridors, six routes, multiple countries, and multiple ports” connectivity framework has basically taken shape. The China-Europe Railway Express grew from 80 trips in 2013 to 16,000 trips in 2022, reaching over 200 cities in 25 European countries. The New Western Land-Sea Corridor has basically formed three main railway arteries—eastern, central, and western—and its logistics transport network now reaches 393 ports in 119 countries and regions worldwide. The “Maritime Silk Road” shipping routes have reached 117 ports in 43 countries globally. China has signed memoranda of understanding on “Digital Silk Road” cooperation with 17 countries, established bilateral cooperation mechanisms for “Silk Road e-commerce” with 23 countries, and cumulatively built 34 cross-border land cables and multiple international submarine cables. Cooperation under the Belt and Road framework in culture, education, tourism, science and technology, poverty reduction, sports, and pandemic response has continuously deepened. People from various countries not only increasingly identify with the cooperation concept of the Belt and Road Initiative but also actively and voluntarily participate in the construction process of the Belt and Road Initiative. Political party leaders and officials, as well as think tank scholars from various countries, frequently offer valuable opinions and suggestions on high-quality joint construction of the Belt and Road Initiative, increasingly becoming important participants, builders, and contributors.

促进全球全方位互联互通进程。十年来，陆海天网“四位一体”互联互通扎实推进，“六廊六路多国多港”联通架构基本形成。中欧班列从2013年的80列增长到2022年的1.6万列，通达欧洲25个国家的200多个城市。西部陆海新通道基本形成东、中、西3条铁路主干道，物流运输网络已通达全球119个国家和地区393个港口。“丝路海运”航线已通达全球43个国家的117个港口。中国已经与17个国家签署“数字丝绸之路”合作谅解备忘录，与23个国家建立“丝路电商”双边合作机制，累计建设34条跨境陆缆和多条国际海缆。“一带一路”框架内的文化、教育、旅游、科技、减贫、体育、抗疫合作不断深入，各国人士不仅越来越认同“一带一路”合作理念，而且积极主动投身“一带一路”建设进程。各国政党政要和智库学者经常对高质量共建“一带一路”提出有价值的意见建议，日益成为重要参与者、建设者和贡献者。

Boosting world economic recovery and development. The construction of the Belt and Road Initiative has already brought tangible economic development and livelihood benefits to partner countries. The China-Belarus Great Stone Industrial Park has attracted 107 enterprises from 15 countries, covering fields such as machinery manufacturing, e-commerce, new materials, traditional Chinese medicine, artificial intelligence, and 5G network development, becoming the largest industrial park in the Eurasian region. After Chinese enterprises participated in the investment and operation of the Port of Piraeus in Greece, they helped this largest port in the Mediterranean escape its operational difficulties and regain vitality, praised by Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis as a “win-win landmark project.” After Chinese enterprises acquired the struggling Smederevo Steel Plant in Serbia, they quickly turned this loss-making enterprise profitable, preserving 5,000 jobs and making it Serbia’s second-largest export enterprise. The Puttalam Power Plant in Sri Lanka, constructed by China, solved the electricity problem for over 20 million Sri Lankans, supplying more than 40% of the country’s electricity. Engineering projects such as the China-Laos Railway, the Mombasa-Nairobi Railway, the Addis Ababa-Djibouti Railway, the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway, and the Kamchik Tunnel have significantly reduced transportation time costs. The World Bank report “Belt and Road Economics” estimates that after all Belt and Road transport projects are completed, transportation time in partner countries will decrease by 12%, trade will increase by 2.8% to 9.7%, real income will grow by 1.2% to 3.4%, 7.6 million people will be lifted out of extreme poverty, and 32 million people will escape moderate poverty.

助推世界经济复苏发展。“一带一路”建设已经给共建国家带来实实在在的经济发展和民生福祉。中白巨石工业园吸引15个国家107家企业入驻，涵盖机械制造、电子商务、新材料、中医药、人工智能、5G网络开发等领域，成为欧亚地区面积最大的工业园。中企参与投资运营希腊比雷埃夫斯港后，帮助这个地中海第一大港摆脱经营困境，重焕盎然生机，被希腊总理米佐塔基斯称赞为“双赢的标志性项目”。中企收购陷入困境的塞尔维亚斯梅代雷沃钢厂后，很快就让这家连年亏损的企业扭亏为盈，保住了5000人的就业，并成为塞第二大出口企业。中国承建的斯里兰卡普特拉姆电厂，解决了斯2000多万人的用电问题，供应全国超过40%的电力。中老铁路、蒙内铁路、亚吉铁路、雅万高铁、卡姆奇克隧道等工程项目极大节约交通时间成本。世界银行《“一带一路”经济学报告》认为，“一带一路”交通项目全部完成后，共建国家交通时间将减少12%，贸易将增长2.8%—9.7%，实际收入将增长1.2%—3.4%，760万人将摆脱极端贫困，3200万人将摆脱中度贫困。

Leading innovation in international cooperation and global governance. The Belt and Road Initiative transcends traditional models of international cooperation, combining institutional and rule-oriented approaches with pragmatic cooperation, integrating top-level design with “crossing the river by feeling the stones,” [1]1 “Crossing the river by feeling the stones” (摸着石头过河) is a Chinese reform-era metaphor for pragmatic, incremental experimentation in policy, attributed to Deng Xiaoping. combining government roles with market logic, linking infrastructure with financial innovation, and balancing a focus on key areas with openness and inclusiveness, thereby leading a paradigm shift in international cooperation and development. Major international organizations such as the United Nations, the G20, APEC, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization deeply endorse the cooperation concept of the Belt and Road Initiative. The Belt and Road Initiative has achieved deep alignment and synchronized resonance with the strategies of multiple countries. The membership of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank has expanded to 106 countries, approving 227 investment projects with a total investment of $43.6 billion. The Silk Road Fund has cumulatively signed 75 investment projects, with a committed investment amount of approximately $22.04 billion. China and its partners are promoting economic globalization toward a more open, inclusive, balanced, and win-win direction, providing important opportunities and new choices for developing countries to autonomously advance their modernization processes.

引领国际合作和全球治理创新。“一带一路”超越传统国际合作模式，制度规则导向与务实合作导向相结合，顶层设计与“摸石头过河”相结合，政府作用与市场逻辑相结合，基础设施与金融创新相结合，聚焦重点与开放包容相结合，引领了一场国际合作发展的范式变革。联合国、二十国集团、亚太经合组织、上海合作组织等主要国际组织深度认同“一带一路”合作理念。“一带一路”同多国战略实现深度对接、同频共振。亚投行成员国已经扩大到106个，批准227个投资项目，共投资436亿美元。丝路基金累计签约投资项目75个，承诺投资金额约220.4亿美元。中国同各方伙伴正推动经济全球化朝更加开放、包容、普惠、平衡、共赢的方向发展，为广大发展中国家自主推进现代化进程提供了重要机遇和全新选择。

III. Promoting the Steady and Sustained Progress of High-Quality Joint Construction of the Belt and Road Initiative

三、推动高质量共建“一带一路”行稳致远

The practice of Belt and Road construction has already sketched a “freehand brushwork” [2]2 “Freehand brushwork” (大写意) is a term from traditional Chinese ink painting, used here metaphorically to describe the broad, strategic vision of the Belt and Road Initiative. under the changes unseen in a century and is now drawing a meticulous “fine brushwork.” [3]3 “Fine brushwork” (工笔画) is a meticulous, detailed style in Chinese painting, used here to indicate the shift toward precise, concrete implementation. We must deeply study and comprehend the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s keynote speech at the Third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, promote the steady and sustained progress of high-quality joint construction of the Belt and Road Initiative, lead theoretical and practical innovation in global development, contribute more public goods to the world, and assist countries in jointly advancing their modernization processes.

“一带一路”建设实践已经绘就百年变局下的“大写意”，正在绘制精谨细腻的“工笔画”。要深入学习领会习近平总书记在第三届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛上的主旨演讲精神，推动高质量共建“一带一路”行稳致远，引领全球发展的理论和实践创新，为世界贡献更多公共产品，助力各国共同推进现代化进程。

Adhere to the concept of cooperative development and push development issues back to the core of the international agenda. China’s practical experience proves that development is the foundation and key to solving all problems, and problems arising in development need to be resolved through further and better development. The reason the Belt and Road Initiative has won enthusiastic responses and active participation from the international community lies importantly in its accurate identification of the main problems facing human development, the deep-rooted causes of these problems, and the discovery of development as the key to solving them. We must adhere to a development orientation, work hand in hand with cooperating parties to push development issues back to the core of the international agenda, and build an open, inclusive, interconnected, and commonly developed world. At the same time, the Belt and Road Initiative is a comprehensive cooperation framework involving an extremely wide range of subjects, fields, business forms, and models. We must adhere to a pragmatic cooperation orientation and a development-needs orientation, help solve the most urgent, direct, and realistic problems encountered by all parties in their development, continuously stimulate the enthusiasm of all parties for cooperation, and consolidate stronger momentum for cooperation.

坚持合作发展理念，推动发展问题重回国际议程核心。中国的实践经验证明，发展是解决一切问题的基础和关键，发展中的问题需要通过进一步更好的发展来解决。“一带一路”建设能够赢得国际社会热烈反响和积极参与，很重要的就在于找准了人类发展遇到的主要问题，找出了问题产生的深层根源，找到了发展这一解决问题的钥匙。我们要坚持发展导向，携手合作各方努力推动发展问题重回国际议程的核心，建设一个开放包容、互联互通、共同发展的世界。同时，“一带一路”是一个综合性合作框架，涉及的主体、领域、业态、模式极为广泛，我们要坚持务实合作导向和发展需求导向，帮助解决各方发展中遇到的最紧迫、最直接、最现实问题，持续激发各方合作积极性，凝聚更加强大的合作动力。

Adhere to focusing on key points and difficulties, and intensively cultivate infrastructure and industrial cooperation. The ten-year practice of Belt and Road construction has proven that infrastructure and industrial cooperation are the “ox nose” [4]4 “Ox nose” (牛鼻子) is a Chinese idiom meaning the key or crucial point that controls a situation. for developing countries to achieve development and an important foundation for preventing the economy from “shifting from real to virtual.” Relevant international institutions predict that the global infrastructure investment gap will remain at no less than $1 trillion annually in the future, with the global infrastructure market generally showing a situation where demand exceeds supply. Major countries can fully complement each other’s advantages and jointly advance the process of global connectivity. We adhere to focusing on infrastructure connectivity and industrial cooperation, fully leveraging our advantages in infrastructure, production capacity, and industrial support, and continuously providing development momentum for the economic development of partner countries. We adhere to united cooperation, reasonably address issues such as debt pressure according to specific circumstances, and promote the steady and sustained progress of Belt and Road construction. We adhere to the concept of openness and inclusiveness, support the building of an open world economy, maintain an open attitude toward all ideas committed to promoting global infrastructure cooperation, and jointly build a global all-round connectivity network by coordinating the advancement of flagship projects and “small yet smart” [5]5 “Small yet smart” (小而美) refers to smaller-scale, high-impact livelihood projects, as opposed to large flagship infrastructure. livelihood projects to consolidate the strength of all parties.

坚持聚焦重点难点，精耕细作基础设施和产业合作。“一带一路”建设十年实践证明，基础设施和产业合作是发展中国家实现发展的“牛鼻子”，是防止经济“脱实向虚”的重要基础。相关国际机构预测认为，未来全球基础设施建设投资缺口每年均处于不低于1万亿美元的水平，全球基建市场总体呈需求大于供给的态势，各主要国家间完全可以优势互补，共同推进全球互联互通进程。我们坚持聚焦基础设施互联互通和产业合作，充分发挥在基建、产能、产业配套等方面优势，为合作伙伴国家经济发展持续提供发展动能。坚持团结合作，根据具体情况合理解决债务压力等问题，推动“一带一路”建设行稳致远。坚持开放包容理念，支持建设开放型世界经济，对所有致力于促进全球基建合作的构想持开放态度，通过统筹推进标志性工程和“小而美”民生项目凝聚各方合力，共同构建全球全方位互联互通网络。

Adhere to practicing the “three principles of cooperation” [6]6 The “three principles of cooperation” (三共原则) refer to “extensive consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits” (共商共建共享), a core principle of the Belt and Road Initiative. and promote the establishment of long-term cooperation mechanisms. Extensive consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits are important hallmarks distinguishing the Belt and Road Initiative from previous models of international cooperation, an important concept China has contributed to global governance, and a key principle for building the international cooperation mechanism of the Belt and Road Initiative. Infrastructure has a strong public goods attribute and cannot rely solely on market logic and enterprise forces. It is necessary to leverage the important role of various governments, explore sustainable infrastructure supply models, mobilize the enthusiasm of governments and enterprises in various countries, and form a good momentum of coordinated efforts. Many projects in Belt and Road construction involve large investments, long cycles, and slow returns. It is necessary to explore sustainable investment and financing models, attract investment from multilateral development institutions and financial institutions in developed countries, increase the proportion of equity financing, deepen third-party market cooperation, and form a virtuous cycle of investment-development-returns. Belt and Road projects must not only be economically profitable but also perceptible to local people. It is necessary to widely listen to opinions and demands from all sectors in concrete practice, explore sustainable mechanisms for positive interaction between the economy and society, and promote mutual support and mutual reinforcement between economic logic and social logic.

坚持践行“三共”原则，推动构建长效合作机制。共商共建共享是“一带一路”区别于以往国际合作模式的重要标志，是中国为全球治理贡献的重要理念，也是构建“一带一路”国际合作机制的重要原则。基础设施具有较强公共产品属性，不能仅靠市场逻辑和企业力量，必须发挥各国政府重要作用，需要探索可持续的基础设施供给模式，调动各国政府和企业积极性，形成协同发力的良好态势。“一带一路”建设中有许多投资大、周期长、见效慢的项目，需要探索可持续投融资模式，吸引多边开发机构和发达国家金融机构投资，增加股权融资比重，深化第三方市场合作，形成投资—发展—收益的良性循环。“一带一路”项目既要在经济上有收益，又要让当地民众能感知，需要在具体实践中广泛听取各界诉求和建议，探索经济社会良性互动的可持续机制，促进经济逻辑与社会逻辑间互为支撑、相得益彰。

Adhere to integrating theory with practice, and advance the innovative development of the practice and theory of the Belt and Road Initiative. The very proposal of the Belt and Road Initiative was a pioneering undertaking, and high-quality Belt and Road cooperation demands an unwavering drive for innovation as a source of momentum. To this end, it is necessary, in accordance with General Secretary Xi Jinping’s requirements, to actively expand new areas of cooperation such as the Green Silk Road, the Digital Silk Road, the Innovation Silk Road, and the Clean Silk Road; to explore new models of cooperation between governments, between enterprises, and between localities; to promote new developments in ideas and concepts, values, and rules and standards; to promote new technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things; and to strive to serve the construction of a new development pattern. At the same time, the Belt and Road Initiative embodies profound Chinese philosophical wisdom, transcends the theoretical frameworks of Western traditional economics, development, and cooperation, breaks blind superstition and path dependence, and achieves comprehensive innovation and transcendence in philosophical foundations, value pursuits, cooperation models, and methodological pathways. We need to continuously advance the innovative development of the Belt and Road theoretical system and discourse system in the course of construction practice, using China’s profound philosophical wisdom and value concepts to provide theoretical support for the steady and sustained progress of high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, and to provide intellectual inspiration for global common development and progress. (Authors: Wang Liyong, Lin Yongliang)

坚持理论结合实际，推进“一带一路”实践和理论创新发展。“一带一路”倡议的提出本身就是一项创举，高质量共建“一带一路”更是要求坚定不移向创新要动力。为此，要按照习近平总书记的要求，积极拓展绿色丝绸之路、数字丝绸之路、创新丝绸之路、廉洁丝绸之路等合作新领域，探索政府间、企业间、地方间合作新模式，推进思想理念、价值观念和规则标准新发展，推广人工智能、大数据、云计算、物联网等新技术，努力服务构建新发展格局。同时，“一带一路”蕴含深厚的中国哲学智慧，超越了西方传统经济、发展、合作等理论框架，打破了盲目迷信和路径依赖，在哲学基础、价值追求、合作模式、方法路径等方面实现了全方位创新超越，我们需要在建设实践中不断推进“一带一路”理论体系和话语体系创新发展，用中国深厚的哲学智慧和价值理念为高质量共建“一带一路”行稳致远提供理论支撑，为全球共同发展进步提供思想启迪。 （执笔：王立勇、林永亮）

Online Editor: Zhang Jian

网络编辑：张剑