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Practical Requirements for Advancing Common Prosperity in the New Era

艾四林 李函珂:新时代推进共同富裕的实践要求

· · Sinicization of Marxism · Economic Daily, 9 November 2023 · 13 min read

Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics and an important feature of Chinese-path modernization. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, General Secretary Xi Jinping has put forward a series of new concepts, new ideas, and new strategies, greatly enriching our Party’s understanding of the laws governing the realization of common prosperity and providing fundamental guidance and a course of action for advancing common prosperity for all the people. On the new journey of the New Era, we must fully, accurately, and comprehensively understand the practical requirements for advancing common prosperity, so as to achieve more notable substantive progress in common prosperity for all the people.

共同富裕是中国特色社会主义的本质要求,是中国式现代化的重要特征。党的十八大以来,习近平总书记提出了一系列新理念新思想新战略,极大丰富了我们党对实现共同富裕的规律性认识,为推进全体人民共同富裕提供了根本遵循和行动指南。新时代新征程,我们要完整、准确、全面理解推进共同富裕的实践要求,推动全体人民共同富裕取得更为明显的实质性进展。

Maintain Strategic Resolve

保持战略定力

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: “Realizing common prosperity is not only an economic issue but also a major political issue concerning the Party’s governing foundation.” Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee has grasped the new changes in the development stage, placed the gradual realization of common prosperity for all the people in a more important position, promoted coordinated regional development, adopted forceful measures to safeguard and improve people’s livelihoods, won the battle against poverty, and completed the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, thereby creating favorable conditions for promoting common prosperity. Now, the historical stage of solidly advancing common prosperity has arrived.

习近平总书记强调:“实现共同富裕不仅是经济问题,而且是关系党的执政基础的重大政治问题。”党的十八大以来,党中央把握发展阶段新变化,把逐步实现全体人民共同富裕摆在更加重要的位置上,推动区域协调发展,采取有力措施保障和改善民生,打赢脱贫攻坚战,全面建成小康社会,为促进共同富裕创造了良好条件。现在,已经到了扎实推动共同富裕的历史阶段。

Common prosperity is a long-term goal that requires a process and cannot be achieved overnight. Some developed countries have been industrialized for hundreds of years, but due to their social systems, the problem of common prosperity remains unresolved, and the gap between rich and poor has instead become increasingly serious. For China, with a population of over 1.4 billion, to enter a modernized society as a whole has no precedent in human history. It is necessary to adhere to the people-centered development philosophy, insisting that development is for the people, development relies on the people, and the fruits of development are shared by the people. In the process of leading the people in revolution, construction, and reform, the Party has always revolved around the theme of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, conducting a consistent and continuous exploration of the issue of achieving common prosperity from both theoretical and practical perspectives.

共同富裕是一个长远目标,需要一个过程,不可能一蹴而就。一些发达国家工业化搞了几百年,但由于社会制度原因,到现在共同富裕问题仍未解决,贫富悬殊问题反而越来越严重。我国14亿多人口要整体迈入现代化社会,在人类历史上没有先例可循,必须坚持以人民为中心的发展思想,坚持发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享。党在领导人民进行革命、建设和改革的过程中,始终围绕实现中华民族伟大复兴主题,从理论和实践两方面对实现共同富裕问题进行了一以贯之的持续探索。

Entering the New Era, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has observed the general trend, set the direction, and planned the overall situation, solidly advancing common prosperity. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that we must deeply study the goals at different stages and promote common prosperity in stages: by the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan, solid steps will be taken toward common prosperity for all the people, and the gap in residents’ income and actual consumption levels will gradually narrow. By 2035, more notable substantive progress will be made in common prosperity for all the people, and basic public services will be equalized. By the middle of this century, common prosperity for all the people will be basically realized, and the gap in residents’ income and actual consumption levels will be narrowed to a reasonable range. The major strategic deployment of the Party Central Committee has completely outlined the timetable and roadmap for promoting common prosperity for all the people.

进入新时代,以习近平同志为核心的党中央观大势、把方向、谋全局,扎实推进共同富裕。习近平总书记强调,要深入研究不同阶段的目标,分阶段促进共同富裕:到“十四五”末,全体人民共同富裕迈出坚实步伐,居民收入和实际消费水平差距逐步缩小。到2035年,全体人民共同富裕取得更为明显的实质性进展,基本公共服务实现均等化。到本世纪中叶,全体人民共同富裕基本实现,居民收入和实际消费水平差距缩小到合理区间。党中央的重大战略部署,完整勾画了促进全体人民共同富裕的时间表、路线图。

On the new journey of the New Era, advancing common prosperity for all the people still faces many challenges. China has a vast territory and a large population, and the differences in natural resource endowments among regions are rare in the world. Full estimation must be made of the long-term nature, arduousness, and complexity of achieving common prosperity.

新时代新征程,推进全体人民共同富裕仍然面临诸多挑战。我国幅员辽阔、人口众多,各地区自然资源禀赋差别之大在世界上是少有的,对实现共同富裕的长期性、艰巨性、复杂性要有充分估计。

The key to running China’s affairs well lies in the Party. It is necessary to give full play to the political and institutional advantages of the Party’s overall leadership and to design the top-level framework for common prosperity. We must both carry out systematic advancement, constructing basic institutional arrangements for common prosperity, setting phased tasks according to the situation and local conditions, and achieve breakthroughs on key points, realizing development goals at each stage and formulating targeted policy arrangements. We must coordinate the interests of all parties, mobilize the forces of all parties, correctly understand and handle the relationship between current development and long-term development, combine current interests with long-term interests, and consolidate the whole society’s consensus on common prosperity. To address regional gaps, further implement the regional coordinated development strategy; to address the urban-rural gap, further consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation, comprehensively promote rural revitalization, and strengthen the construction of rural infrastructure and public service systems; to address shortcomings in people’s livelihoods, further improve the social assistance system, and build basic security systems in areas such as education, medical care, and housing. As long as we uphold and strengthen the Party’s overall leadership, hold firm to the goal without wavering, and carry out the blueprint to the end, we will surely, with strong strategic resolve, continue to take solid steps on the path of promoting common prosperity for all the people.

办好中国的事情,关键在党。要充分发挥党的全面领导的政治优势和制度优势,做好共同富裕的顶层设计。既要做好系统推进,构建关于共同富裕的基础性制度安排,因时因势、因地制宜设置阶段性任务,也要做好重点突破,实现各阶段发展目标,制定针对性政策安排。要协调各方利益、动员各方力量,正确认识和处理当前发展与长远发展的关系,把当前利益和长远利益结合起来,凝聚全社会关于共同富裕的共识。针对区域差距,进一步实施区域协调发展战略;针对城乡差距,进一步巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果,全面推进乡村振兴、加强农村基础设施和公共服务体系建设;针对民生短板,进一步完善社会救助体系,在教育、医疗、住房等领域构建基本的保障体系。只要坚持和加强党的全面领导,咬定目标不放松,一张蓝图干到底,就一定能以强大的战略定力,在促进全体人民共同富裕的道路上不断迈出坚实步伐。

Stimulate Endogenous Momentum

激发内生动力

Advancing common prosperity requires stimulating the endogenous momentum of the people. The people are the greatest source of confidence for our Party’s governance. Throughout its journey, the Communist Party of China has always valued the wisdom and strength of the people and is adept at relying on the people to continuously create new great achievements. “The livelihood of the people lies in diligence; diligence prevents want.” [1]1 “民生在勤,勤则不匮” (Mínshēng zài qín, qín zé bù kuì) is a classical Chinese saying from the Zuo Zhuan (Commentary of Zuo), meaning that people’s livelihood depends on diligence, and diligence prevents want. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “A happy life is achieved through hard work; common prosperity must be created through diligence and wisdom.” Achieving common prosperity requires all the people to realize it through hard work. Facts have fully proven that the people are true heroes, and stimulating the endogenous momentum of the people to be self-reliant and work hard is crucial for the people to create their own better lives. Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics and also a long historical process. We must adhere to taking the realization of the people’s aspiration for a better life as the starting point and落脚点 [2]2 落脚点 (luòjiǎo diǎn) literally means “foothold” or “point of arrival”; in this context, it refers to the ultimate goal or end point of modernization efforts. of modernization, strive to maintain and promote social fairness and justice, strive to promote common prosperity for all the people, and resolutely prevent polarization.

推进共同富裕,需要激发人民群众的内生动力。人民是我们党执政的最大底气。中国共产党一路走来,始终重视人民群众的智慧和力量,善于依靠人民群众不断创造新的伟业。“民生在勤,勤则不匮”。习近平总书记指出:“幸福生活都是奋斗出来的,共同富裕要靠勤劳智慧来创造。”实现共同富裕,需要全体人民通过辛勤劳动来实现。事实充分证明,人民是真正的英雄,激励人民群众自力更生、艰苦奋斗的内生动力,对人民群众创造自己的美好生活至关重要。共同富裕是中国特色社会主义的本质要求,也是一个长期的历史过程。要坚持把实现人民对美好生活的向往作为现代化建设的出发点和落脚点,着力维护和促进社会公平正义,着力促进全体人民共同富裕,坚决防止两极分化。

To stimulate the endogenous momentum of common prosperity, we must respect and bring into play the subjectivity of the people. The people are the creators of history, the creators of material wealth, and also the creators of spiritual wealth. Promoting common prosperity must rely on the joint efforts of the people. The 14th Five-Year Plan and the Outline of Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035 state: “Adhere to the principal position of the people, adhere to the direction of common prosperity, always ensure that development is for the people, development relies on the people, and the fruits of development are shared by the people, safeguard the fundamental interests of the people, stimulate the initiative, creativity, and activity of all the people, promote social fairness, improve people’s well-being, and continuously realize the people’s aspiration for a better life.” On the new journey of the New Era, advancing common prosperity for all the people must firmly establish the mass viewpoint, implement the mass line, adhere to doing everything for the people and relying on the people, coming from the masses and going to the masses, be adept at extensively mobilizing and organizing the masses, think and work together with the people, and give full play to the creative power of hundreds of millions of people.

激发共同富裕的内生动力,要尊重和发挥人民群众的主体性。人民是历史的创造者,是物质财富的创造者,也是精神财富的创造者,推动共同富裕要依靠人民群众共同奋斗。“十四五”规划和2035年远景目标纲要提出:“坚持人民主体地位,坚持共同富裕方向,始终做到发展为了人民、发展依靠人民、发展成果由人民共享,维护人民根本利益,激发全体人民积极性、主动性、创造性,促进社会公平,增进民生福祉,不断实现人民对美好生活的向往。”新时代新征程,推进全体人民共同富裕必须树牢群众观点、贯彻群众路线,坚持一切为了人民、一切依靠人民,从群众中来、到群众中去,善于广泛动员群众、组织群众,和人民想在一起、干在一起,充分发挥亿万人民的创造伟力。

To stimulate the endogenous momentum of common prosperity, we must let the people share the fruits of reform and development. Only in this way can we more fully mobilize the initiative, creativity, and activity of the broad masses of the people, making the endogenous momentum of common prosperity continuous. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: “We must fully promote democracy, extensively pool the wisdom of the people, and maximally stimulate the people’s strength, forming a vibrant situation where everyone participates, everyone does their utmost, and everyone has a sense of achievement.” Sharing is the essential requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The essence of the concept of sharing is to adhere to the people-centered development philosophy, reflecting the requirement of gradually achieving common prosperity, enabling all the people to have a greater sense of gain in co-construction and shared development, enhancing development momentum, increasing people’s unity, and steadily advancing toward common prosperity. On the new journey of the New Era, we must smooth the channels for upward mobility and create more opportunities for people to become prosperous. Encourage everyone to obtain a happy life and enjoy the fruits of development through their own efforts, making the people’s sense of gain, happiness, and security more substantial, more guaranteed, and more sustainable.

激发共同富裕的内生动力,要让人民群众共享改革发展成果。只有这样,才能更充分调动广大人民群众的积极性、主动性、创造性,使共同富裕的内生动力源源不断。习近平总书记强调:“要充分发扬民主,广泛汇聚民智,最大激发民力,形成人人参与、人人尽力、人人都有成就感的生动局面。”共享是中国特色社会主义的本质要求,共享理念实质就是坚持以人民为中心的发展思想,体现的是逐步实现共同富裕的要求,使全体人民在共建共享发展中有更多获得感,增强发展动力,增进人民团结,朝着共同富裕方向稳步前进。新时代新征程,要畅通向上流动通道,给更多人创造致富机会。鼓励每个人都通过自身的奋斗获得幸福生活、享受发展成果,让人民群众获得感、幸福感、安全感更加充实、更有保障、更可持续。

Enhance Development Strength

增强发展实力

Development is the foundation and key to solving all of China’s problems. The basic national condition that China is still in and will long remain in the primary stage of socialism has not changed, and China’s international status as the world’s largest developing country has not changed. We must continue to expand the economic aggregate and improve the quality of development. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out, “Taking economic construction as the central task is the key to rejuvenating the country, and development remains the key to solving all of China’s problems,” and “Development is the foundation; without economic development, everything else is out of the question.” The report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC emphasized that high-quality development is the primary task in building a modern socialist country in all respects. Development is the Party’s top priority in governing and rejuvenating the country. Without a solid material and technological foundation, it is impossible to fully build a modern socialist country in all respects.

发展是解决我国一切问题的基础和关键。我国仍处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段的基本国情没有变,我国是世界最大发展中国家的国际地位没有变,要持续做大经济总量、提升发展质量。习近平总书记指出,“以经济建设为中心是兴国之要,发展仍是解决我国所有问题的关键”“发展是基础,经济不发展,一切都无从谈起”。党的二十大报告强调,高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务。发展是党执政兴国的第一要务。没有坚实的物质技术基础,就不可能全面建成社会主义现代化强国。

After reform and opening up, our Party profoundly summed up positive and negative historical experience, recognized that poverty is not socialism, broke free from the shackles of the traditional system, allowed some people and some regions to get rich first, and promoted the emancipation and development of the productive forces. Entering the New Era, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core united and led the people to win the battle against poverty, to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and to lay a solid material foundation for solidly advancing common prosperity.

改革开放后,我们党深刻总结正反两方面历史经验,认识到贫穷不是社会主义,打破传统体制束缚,允许一部分人、一部分地区先富起来,推动解放和发展社会生产力。进入新时代,以习近平同志为核心的党中央团结带领人民打赢脱贫攻坚战,全面建成小康社会,为扎实推进共同富裕奠定了坚实的物质基础。

Entering the new stage of development, common prosperity must be promoted amid high-quality development. On the one hand, the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development has become the main factor currently affecting the realization of common prosperity. It is necessary to promote coordinated development between urban and rural areas and among regions, to improve the quality of economic development, to make good use of the policy space, to identify the correct direction for exerting effort, to organically integrate the implementation of the strategy of expanding domestic demand with deepening supply-side structural reform, to continue deepening reform and opening up, to effectively prevent and defuse risks in key areas, and to promote a qualitative and effective improvement and a reasonable quantitative growth of the economy. On the other hand, the people’s aspiration for a better life manifests characteristics of diversity, multi-levelness, and multi-facetedness. It is necessary to properly solve the most immediate, most direct, and most realistic interests of the people, so that the fruits of modernization benefit all the people more and more fairly. High-quality development is development that can well meet the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life, development that embodies the new development philosophy, development in which innovation becomes the primary driving force, coordination becomes an endogenous characteristic, greenness becomes a universal model, openness becomes the necessary path, and sharing becomes the fundamental goal.

进入新发展阶段,要在高质量发展中促进共同富裕。一方面,发展不平衡不充分问题已经成为当前影响共同富裕实现的主要因素。要促进城乡区域协调发展、经济发展质量提升,用好政策空间、找准发力方向,把实施扩大内需战略同深化供给侧结构性改革有机结合起来,持续深化改革开放,切实防范化解重点领域风险,推动经济实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长。另一方面,人民群众对美好生活的向往呈现多样化、多层次、多方面的特点。要解决好人民群众最关心最直接最现实的利益问题,让现代化建设成果更多更公平惠及全体人民。高质量发展就是能够很好满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要的发展,是体现新发展理念的发展,是创新成为第一动力、协调成为内生特点、绿色成为普遍形态、开放成为必由之路、共享成为根本目的的发展。

To promote common prosperity amid high-quality development, it is necessary to adhere to comprehensively deepening reform, to emancipate and develop the productive forces, to adhere to putting quality first and giving priority to efficiency, to effectively transform the development model, and to promote changes in quality, efficiency, and driving forces; it is necessary to promote the greening and low-carbonization of economic and social development, to nurture new technologies, to spawn new business forms, to create new supply, to form new demand, and to provide a strong green development impetus for high-quality development; it is necessary to strive to improve supply capacity and improve the supply structure, to reduce ineffective supply and expand effective supply, and to provide more high-quality products and services. At the same time, it is necessary to vigorously enhance the capacity for independent innovation and to break through key core technologies as soon as possible. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “Now, China’s economic and social development and the improvement of people’s livelihoods need scientific and technological solutions more than ever before, and need to strengthen this primary driving force of innovation more than ever before.” We should firmly seize the opportunities of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, comply with the development trends of new technologies, promote the deep integration of the Internet, big data, artificial intelligence, and manufacturing, and provide new momentum for high-quality development. We should take meeting the people’s aspiration for a better life as the foothold of scientific and technological innovation, and take benefiting the people, facilitating the people, enriching the people, and improving people’s livelihoods as important directions for scientific and technological innovation.

在高质量发展中促进共同富裕,要坚持全面深化改革,解放生产力、发展生产力,坚持质量第一、效益优先,切实转变发展方式,推动质量变革、效率变革、动力变革;要推动经济社会发展绿色化、低碳化,孕育新技术、催生新业态、创造新供给、形成新需求,为高质量发展提供强大绿色发展动能;要着力提高供给能力、改善供给结构,减少无效供给、扩大有效供给,提供更多高质量的产品和服务。同时,要大力提升自主创新能力,尽快突破关键核心技术。习近平总书记指出:“现在,我国经济社会发展和民生改善比过去任何时候都更加需要科学技术解决方案,都更加需要增强创新这个第一动力。”应紧紧抓住新一轮科技革命和产业变革机遇,顺应新技术发展趋势,推动互联网、大数据、人工智能和制造业深度融合,为高质量发展提供新动能。把满足人民对美好生活的向往作为科技创新的落脚点,把惠民、利民、富民、改善民生作为科技创新的重要方向。

Unleashing the Potential of the System

发挥制度潜力

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out, “The distribution system is the foundational system for promoting common prosperity.” It must be clearly recognized that the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development in our country remains prominent, and the gaps in urban-rural and regional development and in income distribution are relatively large. The new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation has powerfully promoted economic development, but has also had a profound impact on employment and income distribution.

习近平总书记指出,“分配制度是促进共同富裕的基础性制度”。必须清醒认识到,我国发展不平衡不充分问题仍然突出,城乡区域发展和收入分配差距较大。新一轮科技革命和产业变革有力推动了经济发展,也对就业和收入分配带来深刻影响。

At present, we are marching towards the second centenary goal of building a great modern socialist country in all respects. While promoting high-quality development and making the “cake” bigger and better, we must further distribute the “cake” well. Specifically, it is necessary to continuously improve the income distribution system, adhere to the principle of distribution according to work as the mainstay and allowing coexistence of multiple modes of distribution, build a coordinated and complementary institutional system of primary distribution, redistribution, and tertiary distribution, form a reasonable distribution pattern in which everyone shares, narrow the income distribution gap, and promote social fairness and justice.

当前,我们正向着全面建成社会主义现代化强国的第二个百年奋斗目标迈进。要在推动高质量发展、做好做大“蛋糕”的同时,进一步分好“蛋糕”。具体而言,要不断完善收入分配制度,坚持按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存,构建初次分配、再分配、第三次分配协调配套的制度体系,形成人人享有的合理分配格局,缩小收入分配差距,促进社会公平正义。

Give full play to the foundational role of primary distribution. Primary distribution mainly relies on the market mechanism, distributing according to the contribution of factors of production such as labor, land, capital, and data in the production process, laying the basic pattern of income distribution. It is necessary to adhere to distribution according to work as the mainstay and allowing coexistence of multiple modes of distribution, to adhere to letting the market play the decisive role in resource allocation, to adhere to the basic synchronization of residents’ income growth with economic growth, and the basic synchronization of the increase in labor remuneration with the increase in labor productivity. Efforts should be made to increase the share of residents’ income in the distribution of national income, to increase the share of labor remuneration in primary distribution, and to increase the labor remuneration of workers, especially front-line workers.

发挥好初次分配的基础性作用。初次分配主要依靠市场机制,根据劳动、土地、资本、数据等生产要素在生产过程中的贡献进行分配,奠定收入分配的基本格局。要坚持按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存,坚持使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用,坚持居民收入增长和经济增长基本同步、劳动报酬提高与劳动生产率提高基本同步。努力提高居民收入在国民收入分配中的比重,提高劳动报酬在初次分配中的比重,增加劳动者特别是一线劳动者劳动报酬。

Give full play to the safeguarding role of redistribution. In the redistribution link, make good use of regulatory levers such as taxation, increase the regulatory force of taxation, social security, and transfer payments and improve their precision. Focus on “raising the low, expanding the middle, and regulating the high,” forming an olive-shaped distribution structure with a large middle and small ends. “Raising the low” means promoting equal access to basic public services, increasing investment in inclusive human capital, and improving the old-age and medical security systems, the safety net assistance system, and the housing supply and security system. “Expanding the middle” means focusing on expanding the size of the middle-income group, grasping key points and implementing targeted policies, and promoting more low-income people to enter the ranks of the middle-income group. “Regulating the high” means strengthening the regulation and adjustment of high incomes, legally protecting lawful incomes, and reasonably regulating excessively high incomes. In this regard, it is also necessary to clean up and regulate hidden incomes, ban illegal incomes, and resolutely avoid problems such as monopolizing resources, rent-seeking and corruption, smuggling and trafficking, and tax evasion.

发挥好再分配的保障性作用。在再分配环节,用好税收等调节杠杆,加大税收、社保、转移支付等的调节力度并提高精准性。着力“提低、扩中、调高”,形成中间大、两头小的橄榄型分配结构。“提低”就是要促进基本公共服务均等化,加大普惠性人力资本投入,完善养老和医疗保障体系、兜底救助体系、住房供应和保障体系。“扩中”就是要着力扩大中等收入群体规模,抓住重点、精准施策,推动更多低收入人群迈入中等收入行列。“调高”就是要加强对高收入的规范和调节,依法保护合法收入,合理调节过高收入。在这方面,也要清理规范隐性收入、取缔非法收入,坚决避免垄断资源、寻租腐败、走私贩私、偷税漏税等问题。

Give full play to the supplementary role of tertiary distribution. Strengthen the rule of law in the field of charity, improve the restraint mechanism for the use and distribution of charitable property, improve the comprehensive supervision system for charity, and form a tertiary distribution operation model with unified goals and orderly behavior. Promote the traditional Chinese culture of being charitable and helping one another, guide more individuals, associations, and enterprises to voluntarily and actively participate in social welfare undertakings. Strengthen the professional and standardized construction of charitable organizations, establish and improve the coordination and linkage mechanism among charitable organizations, volunteers, donors, and government departments, create a social environment conducive to the development of public welfare and charitable undertakings, and jointly promote more obvious and substantive progress in the common prosperity of all the people.

发挥好第三次分配的补充性作用。加强慈善领域法治建设,完善慈善财产使用与分配的约束机制,健全慈善综合监管体系,形成目标同一、行为有序的第三次分配运行模式。弘扬中华民族乐善好施、守望相助的传统文化,引导更多个人、社团和企业自愿积极参与社会公益事业。加强慈善组织专业性、规范性建设,建立健全慈善组织、志愿者、捐赠方和政府部门协调联动机制,创造有利于公益慈善事业发展的社会环境,合力推动全体人民共同富裕取得更为明显的实质性进展。

Online Editor: Zhang Fujun

网络编辑:张福军

Notes

  1. “民生在勤,勤则不匮” (Mínshēng zài qín, qín zé bù kuì) is a classical Chinese saying from the Zuo Zhuan (Commentary of Zuo), meaning that people’s livelihood depends on diligence, and diligence prevents want. ↩
  2. 落脚点 (luòjiǎo diǎn) literally means “foothold” or “point of arrival”; in this context, it refers to the ultimate goal or end point of modernization efforts. ↩
  3. The “second centenary goal” (第二个百年奋斗目标) refers to the goal of building China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful by the middle of the 21st century, the centenary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China.
  4. “Tertiary distribution” (第三次分配) refers to the distribution of resources and wealth through voluntary charitable donations and social welfare activities, as distinct from primary distribution (market-based) and redistribution (government-led).