Promoting the Green Development of the Belt and Road Initiative and Injecting Strong Momentum into Global Sustainable Development
胡赛 孙菊红:推进共建“一带一路”绿色发展 为全球可持续发展注入强劲动能
In his keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the Third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, General Secretary Xi Jinping announced eight major steps for China to support the high-quality development of the Belt and Road Initiative, and designated "promoting green development" as one of them. In the ten years since the Belt and Road Initiative was proposed, China, as an important participant, contributor, and leader in global ecological civilization, has adhered to the principles of extensive consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits, openness, greenness, and clean governance, high standards, livelihood improvement, and sustainability, continuously advancing the green development of the Belt and Road Initiative and injecting strong momentum into global sustainable development.
习近平总书记在第三届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛开幕式上的主旨演讲中宣布了中国支持高质量共建“一带一路”的八项行动,并将“促进绿色发展”作为其中之一。共建“一带一路”倡议提出10年来,中国作为全球生态文明建设的重要参与者、贡献者和引领者,以共商共建共享、开放绿色廉洁、高标准惠民生可持续为理念,持续推进共建“一带一路”绿色发展,为全球可持续发展注入强劲动能。
1. Green is the Distinctive Background of the Belt and Road Initiative
1.绿色是共建“一带一路”的鲜明底色
Green is the color of life, the color of vitality, and also the color of harmony between humanity and nature. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that green should truly become the background of the Belt and Road Initiative. The green development of the Belt and Road Initiative is guided by the concepts of ecological civilization and green development, adheres to the principles of resource conservation and environmental friendliness, and integrates ecological governance into all aspects, processes, and chains of the Belt and Road Initiative, aiming to enable the fruits of green development to benefit the people of all countries and jointly build a clean and beautiful world.
绿色是生命之色,是活力之色,也是人与自然和谐共生之色。习近平总书记强调,让绿色切实成为共建“一带一路”的底色。“一带一路”绿色发展以生态文明与绿色发展理念为指导,坚持资源节约和环境友好原则,将生态治理融入共建“一带一路”的全方面、全过程、全链条,旨在让绿色发展成果惠及各国人民,共建清洁美丽世界。
From the very beginning of the Belt and Road Initiative, the concept of green development has been integrated into its top-level design. From "strengthening cooperation on ecological environment, biodiversity, and climate change, and jointly building a green Silk Road," to "establishing a big data service platform for ecological and environmental protection and proposing the establishment of the Belt and Road Initiative International Green Development Coalition," and then to "accelerating low-carbon transformation and promoting stronger, greener, and healthier global development," over the past ten years, the scientific connotation, construction goals, and practical paths of the green development of the Belt and Road Initiative have become clearer, the consensus on jointly building ecological civilization and achieving harmony between humanity and nature has become more harmonious and consistent, and the construction of the green Silk Road has become more stable and far-reaching on the new journey.
共建“一带一路”倡议从提出之初就将绿色发展理念融入顶层设计。从“加强生态环境、生物多样性和应对气候变化合作,共建绿色丝绸之路”,到“设立生态环保大数据服务平台,倡议建立‘一带一路’绿色发展国际联盟”,再到“加快低碳转型,推动实现更加强劲、绿色、健康的全球发展”,10年来,共建“一带一路”绿色发展的科学内涵、建设目标和实践路径更加明确,共建生态文明、实现人与自然和谐共生的共识更加和谐一致,绿色丝绸之路建设在新征程上越发行稳致远。
The concept of green development is an inevitable choice to help partner countries escape the predicament of "pollute first, treat later." Many partner countries are located in ecologically fragile areas and environmentally sensitive zones. As a responsible major country, China has taken the lead in advocating and actively practicing the concept of green development, jointly exploring with partner countries the inflection point of the environmental Kuznets curve from pollution to treatment. On the one hand, it encourages enterprises to refer to international standards or China's higher standards in carrying out overseas environmental protection work, requires industry associations to formulate detailed, strict, and easy-to-implement environmental behavior codes, and stops building new overseas coal power projects, vigorously promotes wind power and photovoltaic projects, and reduces the adverse impact of large-scale infrastructure construction on the environment. On the other hand, it actively promotes the establishment of the Belt and Road Environmental Technology Exchange and Transfer Center, implements the Green Silk Road Envoy Program, advocates that Chinese enterprises "go global" with advanced processes and services, and promotes the realization of technology symbiosis, industry symbiosis, and market symbiosis with green, circular, and low-carbon development as the core content in partner countries, driving the transformation of green development.
绿色发展理念是助力共建国家走出“先污染、后治理”困境的必然选择。不少共建国家处于生态脆弱区和环境敏感区,中国作为负责任的大国,率先倡导并积极践行绿色发展理念,与共建国家共同探索环境库兹涅茨曲线从污染到治理的拐点。一方面,鼓励企业参照国际通行标准或中国更高标准开展境外环境保护工作,要求行业协会制定详细严格且易于执行的环境行为准则,并停止新建海外煤电项目,大力推进风电和光伏项目,降低大型基础设施建设对环境的不良影响。另一方面,积极推进建立“一带一路”环境技术交流与转移中心,实施绿色丝绸之路使者计划,倡导中国企业带着先进工艺和服务“走出去”,推动共建国家实现以绿色循环低碳为核心内容的技术共生、产业共生和市场共生,推动绿色发展转型。
The green development of the Belt and Road Initiative is the driving engine of global sustainable development. China has always been committed to practical cooperation with partner countries in areas such as green infrastructure, green energy, green transportation, and green finance, continuously generating new demands, actively promoting the accumulation of new momentum, the emergence of new business forms, and the growth of new industries. After ten years of transformation, the green development of the Belt and Road Initiative has become a major strategy covering geopolitics and geo-economics, forming many new growth points in green, low-carbon, and sustainable development, effectively promoting a win-win situation for economic development and environmental protection, and allowing the ancient Silk Road to continuously radiate new vitality and vigor.
共建“一带一路”绿色发展是全球可持续发展的动力引擎。中国始终致力于与共建国家在绿色基建、绿色能源、绿色交通、绿色金融等领域展开务实合作,不断催生新的需求,积极推动新动能集聚、新业态涌现、新产业壮大。经过10年蝶变,共建“一带一路”绿色发展已成为涵盖地缘政治和地缘经济的重大战略,在绿色低碳可持续发展方面形成许多新的增长点,有效促进经济发展与环境保护双赢,让古丝绸之路持续焕发新的生机和活力。
2. The Belt and Road Initiative Leads the World to Achieve a New Leap in Green Development
2.共建“一带一路”引领全球实现绿色发展新飞跃
In the ten years since the Belt and Road Initiative was proposed, China has always integrated the concept of green development into all aspects and the entire process of the high-quality development of the Belt and Road Initiative, gradually building a community of shared interests, shared responsibility, and shared destiny characterized by political mutual trust, economic integration, and cultural inclusiveness.
共建“一带一路”倡议提出10年来,中国始终将绿色发展理念融入共建“一带一路”高质量发展各方面全过程,逐步构建起政治互信、经济融合、文化包容的利益共同体、责任共同体和命运共同体。
New breakthroughs have been achieved in the field of policy coordination. China actively participates in open cooperation at the level of international green standards, rules, and frameworks, and strengthens the alignment of green standards with partner countries in areas such as economy and trade, investment and financing, and transportation. It has signed more than 50 cooperation documents on ecological and environmental protection with partner countries and international organizations, and initiated the Belt and Road Initiative Green Development Partnership with 31 partner countries, promoting the continuous expansion of strategic cooperation alignment on green development, forming a policy synergy that promotes global green development and supports the process of regional economic integration. It promotes the integration and upgrading of existing environmental resource cooperation platforms, and promotes green economic recovery and low-carbon development in the region. It coordinates standard differences in green products and services among partner countries, breaking down international trade technical barriers. It adheres to multilateral cooperation, utilizing existing intergovernmental multilateral and bilateral mechanisms to jointly seek the "greatest common divisor" for addressing climate change and green transformation. It fully respects the development rights and interests of partner countries and jointly promotes "green globalization."
在政策沟通领域实现新突破。积极参与国际绿色标准、规则、框架层面的开放合作,加强与共建国家在经贸、投融资、交通等领域的绿色标准对接。与共建国家和国际组织签署50多份生态环境保护合作文件,并与31个共建国家发起“一带一路”绿色发展伙伴关系倡议,推动绿色发展战略合作对接持续扩容,形成促进全球绿色发展、支持区域经济一体化进程的政策合力。推进现有环境资源合作平台整合升级,促进区域经济绿色复苏、低碳发展。在共建国家中协调绿色产品与服务的标准差异,打破国际贸易技术壁垒。坚持多边合作,利用现有政府间多、双边机制,共同探求应对气候变化与绿色转型的“最大公约数”。充分尊重共建国家发展权益,共同推动“绿色全球化”。
New developments have been achieved in the field of infrastructure connectivity. Based on the concept of green construction, China promotes the interconnection of transportation, energy, communications, and other infrastructure, and jointly maintains and improves the ecological environment on which partner countries depend. As of the end of 2022, more than 40 global large institutions had signed the "Green Investment Principles for the Belt and Road," jointly promoting the development of green investment and financing for the Belt and Road. Important progress has been made in the construction of the "six corridors, six routes, multiple countries, and multiple ports." [1]1 "Six corridors, six routes, multiple countries, and multiple ports" refers to the overall framework of the Belt and Road Initiative, encompassing six major economic corridors (e.g., China-Mongolia-Russia, New Eurasian Land Bridge), six routes (land, sea, air, etc.), multiple cooperating countries, and multiple key ports. Economic cooperation corridors such as the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor, the New Eurasian Land Bridge, and the China-Central Asia-West Asia Economic Corridor have been built in an orderly manner. Green transportation projects such as the China-Laos Railway, the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway, and the China-Russia Heihe Bridge have been successfully completed. Relying on the Belt and Road Big Data Platform for Ecological and Environmental Protection, it has developed an environmental risk assessment tool for outbound investment, compiled the Belt and Road Big Data Report on Ecological and Environmental Protection, guided enterprises to implement the concept of green development, actively carried out cooperation on green energy projects, and promoted the successive completion of a number of clean, efficient, and high-quality green energy cooperation projects, such as the Adama Wind Power Project in Ethiopia, the Cauchari Photovoltaic Power Station Project in Jujuy, Argentina, and the Mozura Wind Power Project in Montenegro. Cumulative green and low-carbon energy investment in partner countries has exceeded that in traditional energy projects.
在设施联通领域实现新发展。基于绿色建设理念推进交通、能源、通信等基础设施互联互通,携手维护和改善共建国家赖以生存的生态环境,截至2022年底,已有40多家全球大型机构签署了《“一带一路”绿色投资原则》,共推“一带一路”绿色投融资发展。“六廊六路多国多港”建设取得重要进展,中蒙俄、新亚欧大陆桥、中国-中亚-西亚等经济合作走廊有序建成,中老铁路、雅万高铁、中俄黑河大桥等绿色交通项目成功完成。以“一带一路”生态环保大数据服务平台为依托,开发对外投资环境风险评估工具,编写“一带一路”生态环保大数据报告,指导企业贯彻绿色发展理念,积极开展绿色能源项目合作,推动埃塞俄比亚阿达玛风电项目、阿根廷胡胡伊高查瑞光伏电站项目、黑山莫祖拉风电项目等一批清洁、高效、质优的绿色能源合作项目相继建成,在共建国家的累计绿色低碳能源投资已超过传统能源项目。
New communication has been achieved in the field of unimpeded trade. In terms of goods trade, China optimizes the policy environment for green trade development, supports the development of green, low-carbon, energy-saving, and environmental protection industries, encourages the import of technologies and services urgently needed domestically, such as energy conservation and carbon reduction, environmental protection, and ecological governance, expands the export of green and energy-saving technologies, guides business entities to better participate in green service trade activities, and accelerates integration into the global green economic system. Data shows that from 2013 to 2022, the scale of green trade between China and partner countries increased year by year, surpassing the European Union in 2021 to become the world's largest green trading economy. The "new three items" [2]2 "New three items" is a Chinese economic term referring to the three major export products of photovoltaics, lithium batteries, and new energy vehicles, which have replaced the traditional "old three items" (clothing, furniture, and home appliances) as new drivers of export growth. represented by photovoltaics, lithium batteries, and new energy vehicles have become new growth points for exports. Chinese enterprises contribute nearly 70% of the world's photovoltaic production capacity, and wind turbine production capacity accounts for more than 60% of the global market share. In terms of service trade, China continuously expands new business forms and models for the green development of service trade, integrating green elements into various fields such as construction engineering, transportation services, cultural and tourism services, financial services, and digital technology services. It accelerates international cooperation on green technology and service trade, sharing China's large market and new opportunities for green services with the world.
在贸易畅通领域实现新沟通。货物贸易方面,优化绿色贸易发展政策环境,支持绿色低碳节能环保等行业发展,鼓励国内急需的节能减碳、环境保护、生态治理等技术和服务的进口,扩大绿色节能技术出口,引导经营主体更好参与绿色服务贸易活动,加快融入全球绿色经济体系。数据显示,从2013年到2022年,我国与共建国家绿色贸易规模逐年增长,于2021年超过欧盟成为全球第一大绿色贸易经济体。以光伏、锂电池和新能源汽车为代表的“新三样”成为出口新增长点,中国企业为全球贡献近70%的光伏产能,风电机组产能占据全球六成以上市场份额。服务贸易方面,不断壮大服务贸易绿色发展新业态、新模式,将绿色元素贯穿建筑工程、运输服务、文旅服务、金融服务、数字技术服务等各个领域。加快国际绿色技术和服贸合作,与世界共享中国绿色服务的大市场和新机遇。
New leaps have been achieved in the field of financial integration. China jointly approved the "Guiding Principles on Financing the Development of the Belt and Road," continuously promotes innovation in green finance, and provides more flexible and diversified financial support and services to support and promote the green development of the Belt and Road Initiative. It vigorously promotes multilateral cooperation frameworks with the United Nations, the G20, and others, disseminates resource guidelines and best practices related to green investment and financing, promotes capacity building in the field of green finance, improves the investment and financing environment in the region, and promotes the green infrastructure interconnection of international financial institutions and related development partners. It accelerates the construction of digital tools for green finance, vigorously explores business innovation in the fields of carbon finance and transition finance, strengthens the application of big data resources in green finance, and greatly enhances the supporting role of digitalization in the green finance of the Belt and Road Initiative.
在资金融通领域实现新跨越。共同核准《“一带一路”融资指导原则》,不断推进绿色金融创新,为支持和促进共建“一带一路”绿色发展提供更为灵活多元的金融支持和服务。大力推进与联合国、二十国集团等的多边合作框架,推广与绿色投融资相关的资源准则和最佳经验,促进绿色金融领域能力建设,改善区域内投融资环境,推动国际金融机构及相关发展伙伴绿色基础设施互联互通。加快绿色金融数字化工具建设,大力探索碳金融和转型金融领域业务创新,加强绿色金融大数据资源应用,大力提升数字化在“一带一路”绿色金融中的支持作用。
Achieving new integration in the field of people-to-people connectivity. Upholding the concept of harmony between humanity and nature, China and partner countries have deepened cooperation in education, science, culture, sports, and other fields, creating a number of "small yet beautiful" livelihood projects and paving a broad road that connects hearts, meets people's needs, and benefits their livelihoods. Through extensive cultural and tourism activities themed on the green development of the Belt and Road Initiative, as well as publicizing actions such as global biodiversity protection to the people of various countries, China has promoted deeper exchanges on ecological and environmental protection between China and other countries. Deepening cooperation and exchange in green, low-carbon scientific and technological innovation, China has launched the Belt and Road Science, Technology and Innovation Cooperation Action Plan, conducting extensive cooperation and exchange in areas such as scientific and technological personnel exchanges, joint laboratory construction, science and technology park cooperation, and technology transfer. By widely providing skills training in poverty reduction, agriculture, science and technology, and other fields, China continuously strengthens the popular foundation for the green development of the Belt and Road Initiative.
在民心相通领域实现新融合。秉持人与自然和谐共生理念,中国与共建国家深入开展教育、科学、文化、体育等领域合作,打造一批“小而美”民生工程,铺就通民心、达民意、惠民生的阳光大道。通过广泛开展以“一带一路”绿色发展为主题的文旅活动,以及向各国民众宣传全球生物多样性保护等行动,推动中外生态环境保护交流向纵深发展。深化绿色低碳科技创新合作,启动共建“一带一路”科技创新行动计划,在科技人文交流、共建联合实验室、科技园区合作、技术转移等方面广泛开展合作交流。广泛提供减贫、农业、科技等多个领域技能培训,不断为“一带一路”绿色发展厚植民意根基。
3. The green development of the Belt and Road Initiative boosts global sustainable development
3.共建“一带一路”绿色发展助推全球可持续发展
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "sustainable development is the greatest common interest and best entry point for cooperation among all parties" and that "we must adhere to green development and strive to build a beautiful homeland where humanity and nature coexist in harmony." Over the past decade, the green development of the Belt and Road Initiative has brought significant benefits to developing countries and the world economy, unleashing great potential and continuously enriching the connotation of cooperation. To continue promoting the green development of the Belt and Road Initiative, we must persist in practicing the concept of green development, accelerate green scientific and technological innovation, improve the green institutional system, and intensify efforts to make the Belt and Road Initiative a more globally competitive and influential platform for international cooperation and exchange, contributing more wisdom and strength to building a community with a shared future for mankind.
习近平总书记指出,“可持续发展是各方的最大利益契合点和最佳合作切入点”“要坚持绿色发展,致力构建人与自然和谐共处的美丽家园”。过去10年,共建“一带一路”绿色发展为广大发展中国家和世界经济带来巨大惠益,也释放出巨大潜力,合作内涵不断丰富。持续推进共建“一带一路”绿色发展,必须继续践行绿色发展理念,加速绿色科技创新,完善绿色制度体系,加大力度推动共建“一带一路”成为更具全球竞争力和影响力的国际合作交流平台,为推进构建人类命运共同体贡献更多智慧力量。
Practicing the concept of green development. A favorable international cooperation environment is the foundation for the green development of the Belt and Road Initiative. On the one hand, accelerate the construction of a green Belt and Road international cooperation mechanism, promote mutual learning among countries to jointly advance ecological civilization construction, explore the establishment of a transnational joint meeting system for circular economy cooperation through bilateral or multilateral cooperation mechanisms, formulate a green Belt and Road system convention, help partner countries share information on circular economy development, strengthen exchanges and cooperation on ecological and environmental protection, and enable partner countries to achieve a win-win situation in economic, environmental, and social benefits while practicing the concept of green development. On the other hand, practice a more inclusive and diversified international cooperation strategy. Fully leverage platforms such as the Belt and Road Initiative International Green Development Coalition to build more diverse platforms for exchange and cooperation. Continuously strengthen international communication efforts, tell the "China story" of the green development of the Belt and Road Initiative, vigorously promote green consumption, and jointly promote global sustainable development.
践行绿色发展理念。良好的国际合作环境是共建“一带一路”绿色发展的基础。一方面,加快构建绿色“一带一路”国际合作机制,推进国家之间在互学互鉴中共促生态文明建设,通过双边或多边合作机制,探索建立循环经济合作跨国联席会议制度,制定“一带一路”绿色制度公约,帮助共建国家互通循环经济发展情况,加强生态环境保护交流合作,使共建国家在践行绿色发展理念中实现经济效益、环境效益和社会效益的共赢。另一方面,践行更加包容多元的国际合作战略。充分借助“一带一路”绿色发展国际联盟等,搭建更加多元交流与合作的平台。不断加强国际传播工作,讲好共建“一带一路”绿色发展的“中国故事”,大力推进绿色消费,携手促进全球可持续发展。
Strengthening green scientific and technological innovation. Enhance the level of green, low-carbon innovation in partner countries, fully leverage the spillover effects of green technologies, vigorously expand the green, low-carbon industrial chain, actively promote the revolution in energy production and consumption, build a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient energy system, improve the efficiency of energy resource utilization and environmental governance, and drive countries to achieve sustainable development supported by green, low-carbon industries. Actively promote the innovation and cross-border transfer and transformation of green technologies for the Belt and Road Initiative, and extensively conduct green technology cooperation among partner countries. Guide enterprises to accelerate green technology innovation based on market demand, promote the transformation of relevant scientific and technological achievements, lead the green, low-carbon development of the industry through win-win cooperation, and strengthen the main responsibility of enterprises for environmental behavior abroad. Continue to implement the "Green Silk Road Envoys Program," strengthen capacity building for green scientific and technological innovation and green talent cultivation. Build new think tanks for the Green Silk Road to provide intellectual support for the green development of countries along the route.
加强绿色科技创新。增强共建国家绿色低碳创新水平,充分发挥绿色技术溢出效应,大力拓展绿色低碳产业链,积极推进能源生产和消费革命,构建清洁低碳、安全高效的能源体系,提升能源资源利用效率、提高环境治理效率,带动各国以绿色低碳产业为支撑实现可持续发展。积极推动“一带一路”绿色技术创新与跨境转移转化,广泛开展共建国家绿色技术合作。引导企业以市场需求为导向不断加快绿色技术创新,促进相关科技成果转化,并在合作共赢中引领行业绿色低碳发展,压实企业境外环境行为主体责任。继续实施“绿色丝路使者计划”,强化绿色科技创新、绿色人才培养能力建设。建设绿色丝绸之路新型智库,为推动沿线国家绿色发展提供智力支撑。
Strengthening green financial cooperation. Build a green Belt and Road financial service platform to provide professional services for related investment cooperation. Through cooperation with international financial institutions such as the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and the New Development Bank of the BRICS countries, provide investment and financing support for green investment projects of the Belt and Road Initiative by offering green loans, issuing green bonds, establishing green funds, and innovating green financial products. Organize and promote the services and trading of ecological resources among partner countries, such as specialized energy-saving services, environmental governance services, and carbon finance, lower the entry barriers for green capital and green enterprises, and establish a green investor network. Support partner countries in establishing and improving green financial policy frameworks and green financial standards, build a classification system for Belt and Road projects, compile application manuals for enterprises and financial institutions and industry green development guidelines, and provide decision-making support for relevant departments to guide foreign investment cooperation in promoting green development. Conduct proper green project selection and environmental due diligence, and gradually promote the development of green finance to a higher level.
加强绿色金融合作。搭建绿色“一带一路”金融服务平台,为相关投资合作提供专业服务。通过亚投行、金砖国家新开发银行等国际金融机构的合作,通过提供绿色贷款、发行绿色债券、设立绿色基金、创新绿色金融产品等,为“一带一路”绿色投资项目提供投融资支持。组织推动共建国家的生态资源服务和交易,如专业化的节能服务、环境治理服务、碳金融等,降低绿色资本、绿色企业准入门槛,建立绿色投资者网络等。支持共建国家建立完善绿色金融政策框架和绿色金融标准,构建“一带一路”项目分级分类体系,编制企业和金融机构应用手册及行业绿色发展指南,为有关部门引导对外投资合作促进绿色发展提供决策支持。做好相关绿色项目选择和环境尽职调查,逐步推动绿色金融向更高水平发展。
Improving the green development system. Establish and improve the green development system, take the improvement of the ecological civilization system as the foothold, conduct research on ecological risk early warning for Belt and Road construction, protect important ecological spaces of the Belt and Road Initiative in the form of nature reserves, and build an ecological security barrier for the sustainable development of the Silk Road. Strengthen centralized and unified leadership over the green development work of the Belt and Road Initiative, standardize the organization and evaluation of various tasks for the green development of the Belt and Road Initiative, ensure the timely implementation and effectiveness of key tasks for the green development of the Belt and Road Initiative, promptly grasp the progress, and organize evaluations at appropriate times. Promote the improvement of intellectual property rights and related trade and investment rules and standards, and establish a mutually connected and commonly recognized intellectual property protection system. In foreign investment cooperation, strengthen the capacity building of enterprises for legal and compliant green operations, and encourage enterprises to regularly publish environmental reports.
完善绿色发展制度。建立健全绿色发展制度体系,以完善生态文明制度体系建设为落脚点,开展“一带一路”建设生态风险预警研究,以自然保护区的形式保育“一带一路”重要生态空间,构建丝路可持续发展生态安全屏障。加强对共建“一带一路”绿色发展工作的集中统一领导,规范对共建“一带一路”绿色发展各项任务的组织和评估工作,确保共建“一带一路”绿色发展各项重点任务及时落地见效,及时掌握进展情况,适时组织开展评估。推动完善知识产权及相关贸易、投资的规则和标准,建立互相联通、共同认可的知识产权保护体系。在对外投资合作中,加强企业依法合规绿色经营能力建设,鼓励企业定期发布环境报告。
Online editor: Zhang Fujun
网络编辑:张福军
Notes
- "Six corridors, six routes, multiple countries, and multiple ports" refers to the overall framework of the Belt and Road Initiative, encompassing six major economic corridors (e.g., China-Mongolia-Russia, New Eurasian Land Bridge), six routes (land, sea, air, etc.), multiple cooperating countries, and multiple key ports. ↩
- "New three items" is a Chinese economic term referring to the three major export products of photovoltaics, lithium batteries, and new energy vehicles, which have replaced the traditional "old three items" (clothing, furniture, and home appliances) as new drivers of export growth. ↩
- The "small yet beautiful" livelihood projects refer to small-scale, targeted infrastructure or social projects under the Belt and Road Initiative that directly benefit local communities, as opposed to large-scale infrastructure projects.
- The Belt and Road Science, Technology and Innovation Cooperation Action Plan is a Chinese initiative launched to promote scientific and technological collaboration among Belt and Road countries, including personnel exchanges and joint research.
- The Belt and Road Initiative International Green Development Coalition is a multilateral platform established by China in 2019 to promote green development cooperation among Belt and Road countries.
- The "Green Silk Road Envoys Program" is a Chinese training initiative aimed at building capacity in green technology and environmental management for personnel from Belt and Road countries.
- The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) is a multilateral development bank initiated by China in 2015 to finance infrastructure projects in Asia and beyond. The New Development Bank (NDB) is a multilateral development bank established by the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) in 2014.