Accelerating the Building of a Modernized Industrial System

The report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC emphasized that “high-quality development is the primary task in building a modern socialist country in all respects” and made important arrangements for “building a modernized industrial system.” Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly delivered important expositions on building a modernized industrial system, providing a scientific guide for better promoting high-quality economic development. We must deeply comprehend and accurately grasp the strategic significance and forward requirements of accelerating the building of a modernized industrial system, and accelerate the building of a modernized industrial system on the new journey of advancing Chinese-path modernization.

党的二十大报告强调“高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务”，并对“建设现代化产业体系”作了重要部署。党的十八大以来，习近平总书记多次对建设现代化产业体系发表重要论述，为更好推动经济高质量发展提供了科学指南。我们要深刻领会、准确把握加快建设现代化产业体系的战略意义、前进要求等，在推进中国式现代化新征程上加快建设现代化产业体系。

Understanding the Strategic Significance

认识战略意义

A modernized industrial system is an important component of a modernized economic system. Building a modernized industrial system is an inevitable choice for accelerating the establishment of a new pattern of development and striving to promote high-quality development, and it holds very important strategic significance.

现代化产业体系是现代化经济体系的重要组成部分。建设现代化产业体系是加快构建新发展格局、着力推动高质量发展的必然选择，具有十分重要的战略意义。

A modernized industrial system is the foundation of the new pattern of development. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that “the new pattern of development is based on a modernized industrial system, and the smooth flow of the economic cycle requires the orderly connection and efficient smooth flow of various industries.” Accelerating the building of a modernized industrial system is not only an important measure to enhance the endogenous driving force and reliability of the domestic economic cycle, but also an inevitable choice to improve the quality and level of the international cycle, playing a key role in building the new pattern of development. On the one hand, the most essential feature of building the new pattern of development is achieving a high level of self-reliance and self-strengthening. Relying on a high level of scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening to unblock the bottlenecks and blockages in the industrial chain and supply chain helps to enhance the resilience and security level of the industrial chain and supply chain, fully unleash the potential of domestic demand, maintain and strengthen the advantages of a complete industrial system and strong supporting capabilities, and consolidate the industrial foundation of the new pattern of development. On the other hand, the new pattern of development is not a closed domestic cycle, but a more open dual domestic and international cycle. Adhering to the organic unity of a high-level “going global” and high-quality “bringing in,” and building a modernized industrial system with stronger international competitiveness through opening up to the outside world on a larger scale, in wider fields, and at a deeper level, is conducive to building a new pattern of development where the domestic and international cycles promote each other.

现代化产业体系是新发展格局的基础。习近平总书记强调，“新发展格局以现代化产业体系为基础，经济循环畅通需要各产业有序链接、高效畅通”。加快建设现代化产业体系，既是增强国内大循环内生动力和可靠性的重要举措，也是提升国际循环质量和水平的必然选择，对构建新发展格局具有关键作用。一方面，构建新发展格局最本质的特征是实现高水平的自立自强。依靠高水平科技自立自强，打通产业链供应链的堵点卡点，有助于提升产业链供应链的韧性和安全水平，充分释放内需潜力，保持并增强产业体系完备和配套能力强的优势，夯实新发展格局的产业基础。另一方面，新发展格局不是封闭的国内循环，而是更加开放的国内国际双循环。坚持高水平“走出去”和高质量“引进来”有机统一，以更大范围、更宽领域、更深层次的对外开放，建设更具国际竞争力的现代化产业体系，有利于构建国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局。

A modernized industrial system is the material and technological foundation of a modernized country. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that “a modernized industrial system is the material and technological foundation of a modernized country, and the focus of economic development must be placed on the real economy to provide strong material support for achieving the second centenary goal.” [1]1 The second centenary goal refers to the goal of building China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful by the middle of the 21st century, the centenary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China. A modernized industrial system mainly includes an industrial structure system characterized by intelligence, green development, and integration; an industrial organization system featuring integrated development of large, medium, and small enterprises, upstream-downstream collaboration and supporting in the industrial chain, and obvious industrial cluster effects; and an industrial technology system with strong innovation and advanced technology. From the overall strategic perspective, accelerating the building of a modernized industrial system is an inevitable requirement for promoting high-quality development, playing an important role in promoting industrial development, driving economic growth, and enhancing the overall efficiency of the national economic system. From the perspective of specific practice, a modernized industrial system is committed to strengthening strengths, making up for weaknesses, and consolidating the foundation, building a modern infrastructure system that is systematic and complete, efficient and practical, intelligent and green, safe and reliable, and leading the development of strategic emerging industries and future industries. This is one of the core contents of a modernized economic system and an important support for building a modern socialist country in all respects.

现代化产业体系是现代化国家的物质技术基础。习近平总书记强调，“现代化产业体系是现代化国家的物质技术基础，必须把发展经济的着力点放在实体经济上，为实现第二个百年奋斗目标提供坚强物质支撑”。现代化产业体系主要包括以智能化、绿色化、融合化为主要特征的产业结构体系，大中小企业融通发展、产业链上下游协作配套和产业集群效应明显的产业组织体系，创新性强、技术先进的产业技术体系。从战略全局来看，加快建设现代化产业体系是推动高质量发展的必然要求，在促进产业发展、拉动经济增长和提升国民经济体系整体效能方面发挥着重要作用。从具体实践来看，现代化产业体系致力于锻长板、补短板、强基础，打造系统完备、高效实用、智能绿色、安全可靠的现代化基础设施体系，引领发展战略性新兴产业和未来产业，这是现代化经济体系的核心内容之一，也是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的重要支撑。

A modernized industrial system is an inevitable move to gain strategic initiative in international competition. From a domestic perspective, with the deepening advancement of new industrialization, informatization, urbanization, and agricultural modernization, China’s comprehensive national strength and people’s living standards have continuously improved, the industrial structure has become increasingly rational, and industrial development has progressed steadily. However, the industrial chain still has problems such as being large but not strong, broad but not deep, and complete but not refined, and there is still a certain gap compared with the goals and requirements of achieving high-quality development and building a modern socialist country in all respects. From an international perspective, the current world is undergoing changes unseen in a century, accelerating in intensity, and the increasingly complex international situation has a certain impact on the security and stability of China’s industrial chain and supply chain. At the same time, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is flourishing, and scientific and technological innovation has become a key variable affecting and changing the pattern of global industrial competition, bringing new opportunities for industrial development. Accelerating the building of a modernized industrial system supported by the real economy is not only an important starting point for solving the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development from the industrial level, but also concerns whether we can gain strategic initiative in future development and international competition.

现代化产业体系是在国际竞争中赢得战略主动的必然之举。从国内来看，随着新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化深入推进，我国综合国力和人民生活水平不断提高，产业结构日趋合理，产业发展稳步推进。但是，产业链还存在大而不强、宽而不深、全而不精等问题，与实现高质量发展、全面建设社会主义现代化国家的目标要求尚有一定差距。从国际来看，当前世界百年未有之大变局加速演进，日益复杂的国际形势对我国产业链供应链安全稳定带来一定影响。与此同时，新一轮科技革命和产业变革蓬勃兴起，科技创新成为影响和改变全球产业竞争格局的关键变量，给产业发展带来新的机遇。加快建设以实体经济为支撑的现代化产业体系，既是从产业层面解决发展不平衡不充分问题的重要抓手，也关系我们在未来发展和国际竞争中赢得战略主动。

Clarifying the Forward Requirements

明晰前进要求

Building an industrial system led by innovation and characterized by coordinated development. The report of the 19th National Congress of the CPC pointed out that “China’s economy has shifted from a stage of high-speed growth to a stage of high-quality development” and “we must adhere to quality first, give priority to efficiency, take supply-side structural reform as the main line, promote quality, efficiency, and driving force changes in economic development, improve total factor productivity, and strive to accelerate the building of an industrial system with coordinated development of the real economy, scientific and technological innovation, modern finance, and human resources.” This endows the industrial system with new connotations from the perspective of factor coordination, clarifying the development direction of the industrial system in the stage of high-quality development. Among them, the real economy is the foundation of a country’s economy, and accelerating the building of a modernized industrial system must adhere to the support of the real economy; scientific and technological innovation is an important engine for promoting high-quality development, and whether it is the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries or the cultivation and growth of emerging industries, they are inseparable from the iterative updating of advanced technologies; modern finance is the blood system for sustained and healthy economic development, and the ability of modern finance to serve the real economy must be continuously enhanced; innovation-driven is essentially talent-driven, and human resources are the most active and dynamic factor of production, a necessary condition for accelerating the building of a modernized industrial system. In January 2018, at the third collective study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that “a modernized economic system is an organic whole composed of the interrelationships and internal connections of various links, levels, and fields of social and economic activities” and “we must build an industrial system led by innovation and characterized by coordinated development.” Emphasizing innovation-led development is because through scientific and technological innovation, the transformation of industrial development momentum can be achieved. To gain the initiative in international competition, it is necessary to strive to promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial development, and better play the leading role of innovation. Emphasizing coordinated development is because by improving the efficiency of factor allocation, the quality of industrial development can be enhanced. Specifically, it means continuously increasing the contribution share of scientific and technological innovation in the development of the real economy, continuously enhancing the ability of modern finance to serve the real economy, continuously playing the role of human resources in supporting the development of the real economy, and allowing various types of high-quality factors to better promote the development of the real economy.

建设创新引领、协同发展的产业体系。党的十九大报告提出，“我国经济已由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段”“必须坚持质量第一、效益优先，以供给侧结构性改革为主线，推动经济发展质量变革、效率变革、动力变革，提高全要素生产率，着力加快建设实体经济、科技创新、现代金融、人力资源协同发展的产业体系”。这从要素协同的角度，赋予了产业体系新的内涵，明确了高质量发展阶段产业体系的发展方向。其中，实体经济是一国经济的立身之本，加快建设现代化产业体系必须坚持以实体经济为支撑；科技创新是推动高质量发展的重要引擎，无论是传统产业改造升级，还是新兴产业培育壮大，都离不开先进技术迭代更新；现代金融是经济持续健康发展的血液系统，要使现代金融服务实体经济的能力不断增强；创新驱动本质上是人才驱动，人力资源是最积极最活跃的生产要素，是加快建设现代化产业体系的必要条件。2018年1月，习近平总书记在中共中央政治局第三次集体学习时强调，“现代化经济体系，是由社会经济活动各个环节、各个层面、各个领域的相互关系和内在联系构成的一个有机整体”“要建设创新引领、协同发展的产业体系”。强调创新引领，是因为通过科技创新可实现产业发展动能转换。要在国际竞争中掌握主动权，需着力推动科技创新和产业发展深度融合，更好发挥创新的引领作用。强调协同发展，是因为通过提高要素配置效率，可提升产业发展质量。具体来说，就是不断提高科技创新在实体经济发展中的贡献份额，不断增强现代金融服务实体经济的能力，不断发挥人力资源支撑实体经济发展的作用，让各类优质要素更好地促进实体经济发展。

Building a modernized industrial system that is autonomous and controllable, safe and reliable, and highly competitive. In January 2023, at the second collective study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized, “Optimize the layout of productive forces, promote the orderly transfer of key industries domestically and internationally, support enterprises to deeply participate in global industrial division of labor and cooperation, promote deep integration of domestic and foreign industries, and build a modernized industrial system that is autonomous and controllable, safe and reliable, and highly competitive.” This is a higher requirement for building a modernized industrial system, proceeding from the need to maintain industrial security and promote industrial development. Autonomous and controllable, and safe and reliable are mainly aimed at the security of the industrial chain and supply chain, while high competitiveness is mainly aimed at industrial development. Autonomous and controllable mainly emphasizes the ability to control all links, various business entities, and various factors of production in the industrial chain and supply chain, especially ensuring that technologies and products in key areas are not controlled by others, firmly grasping the initiative in development; safe and reliable mainly emphasizes the security, stability, efficient and smooth flow of the industrial chain and supply chain, ensuring it does not fail at critical moments, providing strong support for national economic security; high competitiveness mainly means that the industry must possess characteristics such as large market share, high technological content, strong profitability, and excellent product quality, thereby occupying an advantageous position in international competition.

打造自主可控、安全可靠、竞争力强的现代化产业体系。2023年1月，习近平总书记在中共中央政治局第二次集体学习时强调，“优化生产力布局，推动重点产业在国内外有序转移，支持企业深度参与全球产业分工和合作，促进内外产业深度融合，打造自主可控、安全可靠、竞争力强的现代化产业体系”。这是从维护产业安全、促进产业发展的需要出发，对建设现代化产业体系提出的更高要求。自主可控和安全可靠主要是针对产业链供应链安全而言的，竞争力强则主要是针对产业发展而言的。自主可控主要强调对产业链供应链的各个环节、各经营主体和各类生产要素具备把控能力，尤其是关键领域的技术和产品不受制于人，牢牢掌握发展的主动权；安全可靠主要强调产业链供应链的安全稳定、高效畅通，在关键时刻不掉链子，为国家经济安全提供有力支撑；竞争力强主要是指产业必须具备市场份额大、科技含量高、盈利能力强和产品质量优等特征，从而在国际竞争中处于优势地位。

Build a modernized industrial system supported by the real economy. During an inspection tour in Guangdong in April 2023, General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed that “Chinese-path modernization cannot follow the path of shifting from the real to the virtual economy; it must accelerate the building of a modernized industrial system supported by the real economy.” The real economy is the foundation of China’s development, and a modernized industrial system is an important pillar for China to build strategic advantages for future development. China’s economy has shifted from a stage of high-speed growth to a stage of high-quality development. In this process, it is necessary to learn from the lessons of some Western countries whose economies “shifted from the real to the virtual” and continuously strengthen the real economy. Against the backdrop of slowing global economic growth, the development of the real economy faces problems such as a sluggish export market, tightening resource and environmental constraints, rigidly rising production costs, and insufficient endogenous development momentum. Today, competition in the global manufacturing industry is fierce, and China’s manufacturing development faces new challenges. It is necessary to make strengthening, substantiating, and optimizing the real economy the main direction, accelerate the building of a modernized industrial system supported by the real economy, and promote the continuous improvement, optimization, and expansion of the industrial system.

建设以实体经济为支撑的现代化产业体系。2023年4月，习近平总书记在广东考察时强调，“中国式现代化不能走脱实向虚的路子，必须加快建设以实体经济为支撑的现代化产业体系”。实体经济是我国发展的本钱，现代化产业体系是我国构筑未来发展战略优势的重要支撑。我国经济已由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段，在此过程中要吸取一些西方国家经济“脱实向虚”的教训，不断壮大实体经济。在全球经济增长放缓的背景下，实体经济发展面临出口市场低迷、资源环境约束趋紧、生产成本刚性上涨以及内生发展动力不足等问题。当今世界制造业竞争激烈，我国制造业发展面临新的挑战，必须把做实做强做优实体经济作为主攻方向，加快建设以实体经济为支撑的现代化产业体系，推动产业体系不断完善、优化、壮大。

Build a modernized industrial system with completeness, advanced nature, and security. The first meeting of the 20th Central Committee for Financial and Economic Affairs, held in May 2023, emphasized that “it is necessary to grasp the wave of new technological revolutions such as artificial intelligence, adapt to the requirements of harmony between humanity and nature, maintain and enhance the advantages of a complete industrial system and strong supporting capabilities, efficiently gather global innovation factors, promote industrial intelligence, greening, and integration, and build a modernized industrial system with completeness, advanced nature, and security.” Completeness, advanced nature, and security are mutually reinforcing and dialectically unified. Completeness and advanced nature can promote and enhance the security of the industrial system, while security is an important guarantee for building an industrial system with completeness and advanced nature. Emphasizing completeness is mainly to consolidate and enhance China’s advantages of having a full range of industrial categories and a complete system, focus on key industrial chains in manufacturing, identify weak links in key core technologies and components, concentrate high-quality resources to tackle key problems, and improve the level of domestic substitution. Emphasizing advanced nature is mainly to accelerate the formation of China’s leading advantages in industrial technology, scale, efficiency, and layout, thereby occupying an important position in the global industrial chain. Accelerating the building of a modernized industrial system with advanced nature must take scientific and technological innovation as the guide, adhere to the principle that science and technology are the primary productive forces, talent is the primary resource, and innovation is the primary driving force, continuously improve independent innovation capabilities, strengthen research, development, and application of cutting-edge technologies, promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into productive forces, and achieve a leap from technological leadership to industrial leadership. Emphasizing security is mainly to ensure that the industrial system can effectively withstand or quickly recover from external shocks. As the instability and uncertainty of the world economy increase, the importance of maintaining industrial security becomes increasingly prominent. The key to accelerating the building of a modernized industrial system with security is to focus on enhancing the resilience and security level of the industrial and supply chains, make maintaining industrial security a top priority, strengthen top-level design, guide resources to gather in the field of scientific and technological innovation, and promote the healthy and sustainable development of the industry.

建设具有完整性、先进性、安全性的现代化产业体系。2023年5月召开的二十届中央财经委员会第一次会议强调，“要把握人工智能等新科技革命浪潮，适应人与自然和谐共生的要求，保持并增强产业体系完备和配套能力强的优势，高效集聚全球创新要素，推进产业智能化、绿色化、融合化，建设具有完整性、先进性、安全性的现代化产业体系”。完整性、先进性、安全性三者之间是相辅相成、辩证统一的关系。完整性和先进性可以促进和提升产业体系的安全性，安全性又是建设具有完整性和先进性产业体系的重要保障。强调完整性，主要是为了巩固并提升我国产业门类齐全和体系完备优势，围绕制造业重点产业链，找准关键核心技术和零部件薄弱环节，集中优质资源合力攻关，提升国产化替代水平。强调先进性，主要是为了加快形成我国在产业技术、规模、效益和布局等领域的领先优势，进而在全球产业链中占据重要地位。加快建设具有先进性的现代化产业体系必须以科技创新为引领，坚持科技是第一生产力、人才是第一资源、创新是第一动力，不断提高自主创新能力，加强前沿技术研发和应用，促进科技成果向生产力转化，实现从技术领先到产业领先的跨越。强调安全性，主要是为了确保产业体系在受到外部冲击时能够有效抵御或迅速恢复。随着世界经济不稳定性不确定性增强，维护产业安全的重要性日益凸显。加快建设具有安全性的现代化产业体系，关键要着力提升产业链供应链韧性和安全水平，将维护产业安全作为重中之重，强化顶层设计，引导资源向科技创新领域集聚，推动产业健康可持续发展。

Grasp the Key Points of Construction

把握建设重点

Regarding accelerating the building of a modernized industrial system supported by the real economy, the first meeting of the 20th Central Committee for Financial and Economic Affairs, held in May 2023, emphasized that it is necessary to adhere to the real economy as the priority, preventing the shift from the real to the virtual; adhere to seeking progress while maintaining stability and proceeding step by step, without being greedy for the big or the foreign; adhere to the integrated development of the three industries, avoiding fragmentation and opposition; adhere to promoting the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, without simply exiting them as “low-end industries”; adhere to open cooperation, without engaging in closed-door innovation. This provides important reference for us to grasp the key points of construction and avoid falling into misunderstandings.

围绕加快建设以实体经济为支撑的现代化产业体系，2023年5月召开的二十届中央财经委员会第一次会议强调，要坚持以实体经济为重，防止脱实向虚；坚持稳中求进、循序渐进，不能贪大求洋；坚持三次产业融合发展，避免割裂对立；坚持推动传统产业转型升级，不能当成“低端产业”简单退出；坚持开放合作，不能闭门造车。这为我们把握建设重点、避免走入误区提供了重要参考。

Accelerating the building of a modernized industrial system must properly handle the relationship between the real economy and the virtual economy, strengthen coordination among financial, fiscal, and industrial policies, promote the concentration of various innovation factors in enterprises, and comprehensively stimulate the innovation vitality of enterprises. China is moving from a large manufacturing country to a strong manufacturing country. Anchoring the development focus on the real economy, maintaining the basic stability of the manufacturing industry’s share of GDP, consolidating the advantages of China’s complete industrial system, and avoiding the shift of the economy from the real to the virtual highlight the importance of the manufacturing industry, especially high-end manufacturing, and indicate the current policy direction that requires comprehensive efforts, key breakthroughs, and key promotion from the levels of the market, enterprises, and macro-control.

加快建设现代化产业体系必须处理好实体经济和虚拟经济的关系，加强金融、财政、产业等政策协调配合，促进各类创新要素向企业集聚，全面激发企业创新活力。我国正从制造大国迈向制造强国，将发展重心锚定实体经济，保持制造业占国内生产总值比重基本稳定，巩固我国完整产业体系优势，避免经济脱实向虚，凸显了制造业尤其是高端制造业的重要性，指明了当前最需要从市场、企业、宏观调控等层面综合发力、重点突破、重点推动的政策方向。

Building a modernized industrial system involves various production factors, numerous subdivided industries, individual micro-enterprises, and coordination of division of labor across different regions; it is a complex systematic project. It is necessary to base on reality, focus on the long term, plan scientifically, respect the objective laws of industrial development, and not engage in blind and repetitive construction detached from one’s own conditions and comparative advantages. For different regions, it is necessary to fully combine the characteristics of factor endowments and industrial development to find the right direction and make precise efforts, accelerating the creation of a modernized industrial system that is autonomous and controllable, safe and reliable, and highly competitive.

建设现代化产业体系涉及各类生产要素、诸多细分行业、各个微观企业、不同区域分工协同等，是一项复杂的系统工程。要立足实际、着眼长远、科学规划，尊重产业发展的客观规律，不能脱离自身条件和比较优势搞盲目重复建设。就不同区域而言，要充分结合要素禀赋特征和产业发展情况找准方向、精准发力，加快打造自主可控、安全可靠、竞争力强的现代化产业体系。

From the perspective of the current role of the three industries in driving the economy, one cannot unilaterally emphasize the development of any single industry. The complementary and mutually beneficial nature of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries requires the matching and follow-up of various factors. Only by closely coordinating and deeply synergizing the industrial sectors and factor sectors, comprehensively enhancing the level of support from science and technology, finance, and talent services for the integrated development of the three industries, and establishing a modern scientific and technological innovation system, an innovative talent cultivation and introduction system, and a financial service system, can we build a powerful advanced manufacturing industry, modern service industry, and modern agriculture, and ultimately complete the construction of a modernized industrial system.

从目前三次产业对经济的拉动作用看，不能片面地强调发展任何一个产业。一、二、三次产业的互补共赢，需要各类要素的匹配跟进。只有让产业部门和要素部门紧密配合、深度协同，全面提升科技、金融、人才服务对三次产业融合发展的支撑水平，建立现代化的科技创新体系、创新人才引培体系、金融服务体系，才能打造强大的先进制造业、现代服务业和现代农业，最终建成现代化的产业体系。

Accelerating the building of a modernized industrial system supported by the real economy requires, on the one hand, upgrading traditional industries, and on the other hand, developing and strengthening strategic emerging industries. Vigorously promoting the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries must never adopt a “one-size-fits-all exit” approach. It is necessary to deeply implement the strategy of building a strong manufacturing country, implement the industrial foundation reengineering project, implement the intelligent manufacturing and green manufacturing project, implement the quality improvement action, implement the manufacturing industry “increase variety, improve quality, create brands” action, continuously enhance the completeness, advanced nature, and security of the industrial system, and promote the high-quality development of the real economy.

加快建设以实体经济为支撑的现代化产业体系，要一手抓传统产业升级，一手抓战略性新兴产业发展壮大。狠抓传统产业转型升级决不能搞“一退了之”，必须深入实施制造强国战略，实施产业基础再造工程，实施智能制造和绿色制造工程，实施质量提升行动，实施制造业“增品种、提品质、创品牌”行动，持续增强产业体系完整性、先进性、安全性，推进实体经济高质量发展。

A modernized industrial system is an open industrial system. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, China’s industrial development has achieved historic accomplishments, but there is still a certain gap compared with developed countries in the field of high technology. In this situation, closed-door innovation means falling behind and being eliminated. While absorbing advanced foreign technologies, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of the innovation system and independent innovation capabilities, to keep up with or even surpass the world’s advanced level. Open cooperation is an important driving force for sustainable economic development. Building a modernized industrial system supported by the real economy requires achieving the interactive integration of industrial chains, supply chains, and innovation chains through open cooperation. Whether we can build an open and cooperative modernized industrial system is related to whether we can win strategic initiative in international competition and future development. Only by integrating with the international industrial system can we more deeply participate in the global division of labor and cooperation, allocate resources globally, and maintain continuous innovative vitality in comprehensive participation in international competition.

现代化产业体系是开放的产业体系。党的十八大以来，我国产业发展取得了历史性成就，但是在高科技领域与发达国家相比仍存在一定差距。在这种情况下，闭门造车意味着落后和被淘汰，要在吸收国外先进技术的同时，强化创新体系和自主创新能力建设，跟上甚至超越世界先进水平。开放合作是经济可持续发展的重要推动力，建设以实体经济为支撑的现代化产业体系，需要在开放合作中实现产业链、供应链、创新链的互动融合。能否构建开放合作的现代化产业体系，关系着我们能否在国际竞争和未来发展中赢得战略主动。只有与国际产业体系接轨，才能更深度参与全球产业分工和合作，在全球范围内配置资源，在全面参与国际竞争中保持不断进取的创新活力。

Online Editor: Zhang Fujun

网络编辑：张福军