Deeply Understanding and Grasping the Four Dimensions of Promoting the Building of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

The report of the 20th National Congress of the CPC clearly states: “China has always been committed to its foreign policy goals of maintaining world peace and promoting common development, and is dedicated to promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.”[1]1 凝聚共识 (níngjù gòngshì) — a Party term meaning “to build consensus” or “pool consensus,” often used in political discourse to describe the process of uniting different views around a common goal.60 As an important component of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy, the community with a shared future for mankind systematically answers the major question of “what kind of world to build and how to build it,” offering a Chinese solution from contemporary Chinese Communists to the questions of the times. The common values of all mankind, the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative together constitute the value foundation and important support for promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, and are of great significance for pooling efforts and jointly creating a better future for humanity.

党的二十大报告明确指出：“中国始终坚持维护世界和平、促进共同发展的外交政策宗旨，致力于推动构建人类命运共同体。”[1]60作为习近平外交思想的重要内容，人类命运共同体系统回答了“建设一个什么样的世界、怎样建设这个世界”的重大课题，给出了当代中国共产党人解决时代之问的中国方案。全人类共同价值、全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议共同构成了推动构建人类命运共同体的价值基础和重要依托，对于凝心聚力、共创人类美好未来具有重要意义。

I. The Value Dimension of Promoting the Building of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

一、推动构建人类命运共同体的价值向度

Ideas are the precursor to action, and the formation of a community also needs to be based on a certain value consensus. In the process of promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, a value concept with universal significance is an important foundation for凝聚共识 [n1], pooling strength, and jointly building a better world. In September 2015, in his speech at the general debate of the 70th session of the United Nations General Assembly, Xi Jinping clearly stated: “Peace, development, fairness, justice, democracy, and freedom are the common values of all mankind and also the lofty goals of the United Nations.”[2]2 凝聚价值共识 (níngjù jiàzhí gòngshì) — a variation of the term in note [1], specifically referring to building consensus on values. As a value concept with truly universal significance, the common values of all mankind lay the value foundation for promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.

理念是行动的先导，共同体的缔结也需要建立在一定的价值共识基础之上。在推动构建人类命运共同体的过程中，一种具有普遍性意义的价值理念是凝聚共识、汇聚力量、携手共建美好世界的重要基础。2015年9月，习近平在第七十届联合国大会一般性辩论时的讲话中明确指出：“和平、发展、公平、正义、民主、自由，是全人类的共同价值，也是联合国的崇高目标。”[2]作为一种真正具有普遍性意义的价值理念，全人类共同价值奠定了推动构建人类命运共同体的价值之基。

(I) Why the Common Values of All Mankind Are Proposed

（一）全人类共同价值何以提出

In the current era, changes unseen in a century are accelerating, and the entire world is in a state of turbulence and transformation. Humanity has entered an era of both opportunities and challenges. On the one hand, with the deepening of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, digital technology deeply empowers the development of human society, changing people’s modes of production and life at an unprecedented speed. On the other hand, human society as a whole faces an increasing number of global problems, seriously threatening human survival, development, and civilizational progress. Amid such uncertainty, value concepts from different dimensions—traditional and modern, Eastern and Western—are constantly clashing and colliding. There is an urgent need for a value consensus that stands at the height of the common development of all mankind to break down the barriers of heterogeneous values among diverse civilizations. Thus, the common values of all mankind emerge.

当今时代，世界百年未有之大变局加速演进，整个世界都处于一种动荡与变革之中，人类进入了一个机遇与挑战并存的时代。一方面，伴随着新一轮科技革命和产业变革的不断深入，数字技术深度赋能人类社会发展，以前所未有的速度改变着人们的生产生活方式；另一方面，整个人类社会面临着越来越多的全球性问题，严重威胁着人类的生存发展和文明进步。在这样一种不确定性之中，传统与现代、东方与西方等不同维度的价值理念不断冲突碰撞，亟待一种能够站在全人类共同发展高度的价值共识来打破多元文明之间异质性价值的隔阂，全人类共同价值由此得以出场。

On the one hand, the common values of all mankind draw on the ideological essence of Marx’s theory of world history, based on “world history” and “universal intercourse,” grounded in “real individuals” and “social practice,” and focused on the future and destiny of all humanity. On the other hand, they are rooted in the spiritual characteristics and developmental forms of Chinese civilization—valuing benevolence, emphasizing the people as the foundation, upholding good faith, esteeming justice, advocating harmony, and seeking great unity. Through creative transformation and innovative development, the value concepts inherent in Chinese civilization are expanded and elevated to a global dimension, realizing the inheritance and development of fine traditional Chinese culture. In the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and with fine traditional Chinese culture, the common values of all mankind—a value concept with truly universal significance—are discovered, refined, and elevated.

全人类共同价值一方面汲取了马克思世界历史理论的思想精华，基于“世界历史”和“普遍交往”，立足“现实的人”和“社会实践”，着眼全人类的前途命运；另一方面又植根于中华文明讲仁爱、重民本、守诚信、崇正义、尚和合、求大同的精神特质和发展形态，在创造性转化和创新性发展中将中华文明所内蕴的价值理念拓展升华至世界维度，实现了对中华优秀传统文化的传承发展。在马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际、同中华优秀传统文化的结合中，全人类共同价值这样一种真正具有普遍性意义的价值理念得以被发掘、提炼和升华。

(II) The Critical Transcendence of the Common Values of All Mankind over “Universal Values”

（二）全人类共同价值对“普世价值”的批判超越

As the mainstream values of the Western world, “universal values” have long been regarded by Western capitalist countries as a value concept applicable everywhere and valid for all time, and used as a yardstick to judge “civilization” or “barbarism.” However, in the face of intensifying global crises, the “universal values” held up as a standard by the West are unable to effectively address the problems and challenges currently facing human survival and development. This is because the so-called “universal values” are in fact a value system constructed from value concepts such as freedom, democracy, and human rights, which are steeped in Western political orientations. It is ostensibly universally applicable and eternally existing, but in reality, it is strongly exclusive. What it represents is merely the core interests and value demands of Western capitalist countries themselves in various dimensions—political, economic, and cultural—not the common interests and demands of all humanity as it claims. In essence, it is a narrow, hypocritical ideology of the bourgeoisie.

作为西方世界的主流价值观，“普世价值”一直被西方资本主义国家看作是一种放之四海而皆准的价值理念，并将其作为评判“文明”抑或“野蛮”的价值标尺。然而，面对日益加剧的全球性危机，被西方奉为圭臬的“普世价值”却无法有效应对当前人类生存发展所面临的问题与挑战。这是因为，所谓的“普世价值”实际上是以浸染了西方政治取向的自由、民主、人权等价值理念虚构的一个貌似普遍适用、永恒存在，实则强烈排他的价值体系，其所代表的只是西方资本主义国家自身在政治、经济、文化等各个维度的核心利益与价值诉求，并非如所宣扬的那样彰显的是全人类共同的利益与诉求，其本质上是一种资产阶级的狭隘的、虚伪的意识形态。

In contrast, the common values of all mankind are a refinement and generalization of the common interests and demands of all humanity in today’s era of highly developed globalization. They are a value concept with truly universal significance. Xi Jinping clearly stated: “Peace and development are our common cause, fairness and justice are our common ideal, and democracy and freedom are our common pursuit.”[3]3 统筹维护传统领域和非传统领域安全: This phrase means "to coordinate the maintenance of security in both traditional and non-traditional fields." It is a standard formulation in Chinese security discourse, referring to the need to address both military/territorial security (traditional) and issues like cybersecurity, public health, and climate change (non-traditional).475 The common values of all mankind transcend abstract theories of human nature and idealist conceptions of history. They are grounded in the practical activities of real individuals and their historical development process. From a non-Western-centric standpoint, they form a value consensus among diverse civilizations on the basis of common interests, common needs, and common development, re-establishing the rules of interaction and value order for the entire world. By promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind through the development concept of extensive consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits, and creating a new form of human civilization, they truly achieve a critical transcendence over Western “universal values.”

而全人类共同价值则是在全球化高度发展的今天对全人类的共同利益与诉求所进行的一种提炼与概括，是一种真正具有普遍性意义的价值理念。习近平明确指出：“和平与发展是我们的共同事业，公平正义是我们的共同理想，民主自由是我们的共同追求。”[3]475全人类共同价值超越了抽象人性论和唯心史观，立足现实的人的实践活动及其历史发展过程，以非西方中心论的立场在共同利益、共同需求、共同发展的基础上形成多元文明的价值共识，重新确立起整个世界的交往规则和价值秩序，以共商共建共享的发展理念推动构建人类命运共同体，创造人类文明新形态，真正实现了对西方“普世价值”的批判性超越。

(III) The Significance of the Common Values of All Mankind for Promoting the Building of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

（三）全人类共同价值之于推动构建人类命运共同体的重大意义

As a value concept with truly universal significance in the course of human civilization, the common values of all mankind are highly compatible with the community with a shared future for mankind. They play an important role in finding the greatest common denominator of values commonly recognized by people of all countries,凝聚价值共识 [n2] for deepening and substantiating the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.

作为人类文明发展历程中真正具有普遍性意义的一种价值理念，全人类共同价值与人类命运共同体高度契合，在找到世界各国人民普遍认同的价值最大公约数中发挥着重要作用，为推动构建人类命运共同体走深走实凝聚了价值共识。

The common values of all mankind consolidate the value foundation for promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. In the process of promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, an important challenge we face is how to transcend the limitations of nations and states to form a community consciousness. Looking back at the history of human civilization, whether it is the Westphalian system, the Vienna system, the Versailles-Washington system, or the Yalta system, they are all actually built on the basis of Western-centrism and cannot truly represent the interests and demands of all humanity. The common values of all mankind transcend differences in nationality, region, and skin color,凝聚价值共识 [n2] for promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind from the interests and demands of all humanity.

全人类共同价值夯实了推动构建人类命运共同体的价值根基。在推动构建人类命运共同体的过程中，如何超越民族、国家的限制而形成一种共同体意识是我们所面对的一项重要挑战。纵观人类文明发展的历史，无论是威斯特伐利亚体系、维也纳体系，还是凡尔赛—华盛顿体系，抑或是雅尔塔体系，实际上都是建立在西方中心主义的基础之上，并不能真正彰显全人类的利益与诉求。全人类共同价值超越民族、地域、肤色的差别，从全人类的利益与诉求出发凝聚了推动构建人类命运共同体的价值共识。

The common values of all mankind point out the development direction for promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. As a value concept commonly upheld by different countries, nations, and regions, the common values of all mankind require the participation of every member of the community. Through extensive consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits, global issues concerning human survival and development are resolved, promoting the development and progress of human civilization. In fact, the process of using the common values of all mankind to promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind is also a process of continuously promoting “the true resolution of the struggle between existence and essence, between objectification and self-confirmation, between freedom and necessity, between the individual and the species”[4]4 The "Global Security Initiative" (全球安全倡议) was proposed by Xi Jinping at the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2022. It is a major Chinese foreign policy concept advocating a new security architecture based on common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security.185, ultimately pointing toward the construction of a “union of free individuals” where humanity is free, liberated, and fully developed.

全人类共同价值指明了推动构建人类命运共同体的发展方向。作为一种不同国家、民族和地区共同秉持的价值理念，全人类共同价值需要共同体中的每一个成员都参与进来，通过共商共建共享解决关涉人类生存与发展的全球性问题，推动人类文明的发展进步。事实上，以全人类共同价值推动构建人类命运共同体的过程，也是不断推动“存在和本质、对象化和自我确证、自由和必然、个体和类之间的斗争的真正解决”[4]185的过程，其最终指向的是构建一个人类自由解放和全面发展的“自由人联合体”。

II. The Development Dimension of Promoting the Building of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

二、推动构建人类命运共同体的发展向度

Development is the main theme of human society and the “master key” to solving all problems. In the process of promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, a development concept that meets the needs of the times is an important foundation for realizing the aspirations of people all over the world for a better life. In September 2021, at the 76th session of the United Nations General Assembly, Xi Jinping proposed the Global Development Initiative, emphasizing adherence to prioritizing development, a people-centered approach, universal and inclusive benefits, innovation-driven development, harmony between humanity and nature, and an action-oriented approach, jointly promoting global development toward a new stage of balanced, coordinated, and inclusive growth.[5]5 The "Global Development Initiative" (全球发展倡议) was proposed by Xi Jinping at the 76th session of the United Nations General Assembly in 2021, focusing on accelerating the implementation of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The Global Development Initiative scientifically answers the question of the times—“what kind of development concept does humanity need and how to achieve global development”—laying the development foundation for promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.

发展是人类社会的主旋律，是解决一切问题的“总钥匙”。在推动构建人类命运共同体的过程中，一种适应时代需要的发展理念是实现全世界人民对美好生活向往的重要基础。2021年9月，习近平在第七十六届联合国大会上提出全球发展倡议，强调坚持发展优先，坚持以人民为中心，坚持普惠包容，坚持创新驱动，坚持人与自然和谐共生，坚持行动导向，共同推动全球发展迈向平衡协调包容新阶段。[5]全球发展倡议科学解答了“人类需要什么样的发展理念、怎样实现全球发展”的时代之问，奠定了推动构建人类命运共同体的发展之基。

(I) Why the Global Development Initiative Is Proposed

（一）全球发展倡议何以提出

In the present era, the impact of the century-old pandemic is far-reaching, regional conflicts are tense, major-power games continue to deepen, unilateralism and protectionism are on the rise, counter-economic globalization is surging, the global development deficit is constantly worsening, and various forms of global development crises such as population issues and food security are intensifying. The development situation facing the entire human society is extremely severe. Tracing its roots, global development is deeply dominated by the logic of capital. Capital, in order to achieve its own self-expansion, plunders humanity and nature by any means, seriously disrupting the global development order and hindering the common development of all humanity. That is to say, the Western traditional development concept with the "law of the jungle" as its core cannot effectively respond to and resolve the development problems currently facing humanity. To promote stronger, greener, and healthier global development and to break out of the global development predicament, there is an urgent need for the practical emergence of a development concept that truly proceeds from the interests of all humanity.

当今时代，世纪疫情影响深远，区域争端形势紧张，大国博弈持续深化，单边主义、保护主义抬头，逆经济全球化风起云涌，全球发展赤字不断加剧，人口问题、粮食安全等各种形式的全球发展危机愈演愈烈，整个人类社会面临的发展形势极度严峻。究其根源，全球发展深受资本逻辑的宰制，资本为了实现自我增殖而不择手段地向人类和自然掠夺，严重扰乱着全球发展秩序，阻碍着全人类的共同发展。也就是说，西方以“丛林法则”为内核的传统发展观无法有效应对和解决当前人类所面临的发展问题。推动实现更加强劲、绿色、健康的全球发展，破解全球发展困境，迫切需要一种真正从全人类利益出发的发展观的现实出场。

Xi Jinping clearly pointed out: "I proposed the Global Development Initiative precisely to focus the world on development and to provide impetus for the implementation of the sustainable development agenda." [6]6 The "Global Civilization Initiative" (全球文明倡议) was proposed by Xi Jinping in March 2023 at the CPC in Dialogue with World Political Parties High-level Meeting, advocating respect for civilizational diversity and promoting inter-civilizational exchanges. Facing the global development predicament, the Communist Party of China, on the basis of closely integrating its own future and destiny with that of humanity, put forward the Global Development Initiative. It advocates taking development as the core issue of the entire world, unswervingly expanding high-level opening up, opposing all unilateral policies and measures that hinder the normal functioning of the global market, promoting international exchange and cooperation in the field of development, actively participating in the reform and construction of the global governance system, using China's new development to bring new impetus to the world, and using the world's new prosperity to bring new opportunities for China. This provides a Chinese solution to help world development and demonstrates the image of a responsible major country. In summary, the proposal of the Global Development Initiative is the need of the times to break out of the global development predicament.

习近平明确指出：“我提出全球发展倡议，就是为了让全世界聚焦发展，为落实可持续发展议程提供助力。”[6]面对全球发展困境，中国共产党在自身前途命运与人类前途命运紧密结合的基础上提出了全球发展倡议，主张将发展视为整个世界的核心议题，坚定不移地扩大高水平的对外开放，反对一切阻碍全球市场正常运转的单边政策和措施，推动在发展领域的国际交流与合作，积极参与到全球治理体系的改革和建设之中，以中国新发展为世界带来新动力，以世界新繁荣为中国带来新机遇，给出了助力世界发展的中国方案，彰显了负责任大国的形象。概言之，全球发展倡议的提出是破解全球发展困境的时代需要。

(II) Main Content of the Global Development Initiative

（二）全球发展倡议的主要内容

As a Chinese solution to break out of the global development predicament, the Global Development Initiative elucidates the conceptual principles and action paths for promoting global development from six dimensions: orientation, stance, principle, driving force, concept, and goal. It provides scientific guidance for building a new type of development relationship.

作为破解全球发展困境的中国方案，全球发展倡议从方位、立场、原则、动力、理念、目标6个维度阐发了推动全球发展的理念原则和行动路径，为构建新型发展关系提供了科学导引。

First, adhere to prioritizing development. This dimension focuses on the development orientation, emphasizing that the increasingly marginalized issue of "development" in the current era should be placed back in a prominent position. By deepening multilateral cooperation in the development field, it aims to form a more equal and balanced strategic partnership and promote the realization of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Second, adhere to a people-centered approach. This dimension focuses on the development stance, emphasizing the need to uphold a people's stance, taking the interests and demands of the people as the fundamental basis for promoting development, allowing people of all countries in the world to share the fruits of development, and using development to promote people's free and comprehensive development. Third, adhere to universal benefit and inclusiveness. This dimension focuses on the development principle, emphasizing the need to pay close attention to the unbalanced and inadequate development problems facing the world today, and to support and assist countries deeply mired in development difficulties through different means. Fourth, adhere to innovation-driven development. This dimension focuses on the driving force of development, emphasizing the need to take innovation as the primary driving force leading development, to create a good social environment for scientific and technological innovation, to strengthen international scientific cooperation and exchange, to empower the development of productive forces with scientific and technological innovation, and to promote industrial upgrading and transformation. Fifth, adhere to harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature. This dimension focuses on the development concept, emphasizing the need to respect, adapt to, and protect nature in the development process, to explore the path of harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature, to practice the concept of green development, to actively respond to global ecological and environmental problems, and to promote the building of a community of life for humanity and nature. Sixth, adhere to an action-oriented approach. This dimension focuses on the development goal, emphasizing the need to be practice-oriented, to effectively implement these development concepts into a series of actions concerning human sustainable development, such as poverty reduction and food security, and to promote the building of a global development community.

一是坚持发展优先。这一维度聚焦的是发展方位，强调要将“发展”这一在当今时代日益边缘化的议题重新摆在突出位置，通过深化在发展领域多边合作形成更加平等均衡的战略伙伴关系，推动联合国2030年可持续发展议程的现实达成。二是坚持以人民为中心。这一维度聚焦的是发展立场，强调要秉持一种人民立场，将人民的利益与诉求作为推动发展的根本基点，让世界各国人民共享发展成果，以发展推动人的自由而全面发展。三是坚持普惠包容。这一维度聚焦的是发展原则，强调要高度关注当今世界所面临的不平衡和不充分的发展问题，通过不同方式对深陷发展困境的国家进行支持与援助。四是坚持创新驱动。这一维度聚焦的是发展动力，强调要将创新作为引领发展的第一动力，为科技创新营造良好的社会环境，加强国际间的科学合作与交流，以科技创新赋能生产力的发展，推动产业的升级转型。五是坚持人与自然和谐共生。这一维度聚焦的是发展理念，强调要在发展过程中尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然，探索人与自然和谐相处之路，践行绿色发展理念，积极应对全球性的生态环境问题，推动构建人与自然生命共同体。六是坚持行动导向。这一维度聚焦的是发展目标，强调要以实践为导向，切实将这些发展理念落实到减贫、粮食安全等一系列关涉人类可持续发展的行动之中，推动构建全球发展共同体。

(III) The Significant Significance of the Global Development Initiative for Promoting the Building of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

（三）全球发展倡议之于推动构建人类命运共同体的重大意义

As one of the important pillars for promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, the Global Development Initiative is highly compatible with the community with a shared future for mankind. It plays an important role in realizing the aspirations of people of all countries for a better life and provides material guarantees for deepening and substantiating the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.

作为推动构建人类命运共同体的重要依托之一，全球发展倡议与人类命运共同体高度契合，在实现各国人民对美好生活的向往中发挥着重要作用，为推动构建人类命运共同体走深走实提供了物质保障。

The Global Development Initiative consolidates the development foundation for promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. Xi Jinping clearly pointed out: "Development carries the people's aspiration for a better life. It is the top priority for developing countries and an eternal theme of human society." [6]6 The "Global Civilization Initiative" (全球文明倡议) was proposed by Xi Jinping in March 2023 at the CPC in Dialogue with World Political Parties High-level Meeting, advocating respect for civilizational diversity and promoting inter-civilizational exchanges. The Global Development Initiative transcends the Western traditional development concept that insists on putting interests first, reveals the development predicament of Western capitalist countries deeply trapped in the self-paradox of the logic of capital, and proposes a new type of development concept that emphasizes pluralistic unity and a shared future. Guided by this new type of development concept, we call for jointly promoting global development towards a new stage of balanced, coordinated, and inclusive development, and promoting the building of a global development community. This points the way forward for countries around the world trapped in development difficulties.

全球发展倡议夯实了推动构建人类命运共同体的发展根基。习近平明确指出：“发展承载着人民对美好生活的向往，是发展中国家的第一要务，也是人类社会永恒主题。”[6]全球发展倡议超越了坚持利益至上的西方传统发展观，揭示了西方资本主义国家深陷资本逻辑自我悖谬的发展困境，提出了一种强调多元一体和命运与共的新型发展观。在这一新型发展观的指导下，我们呼吁共同推动全球发展迈向平衡协调包容新阶段，推动构建全球发展共同体，这就为身处发展困境的世界各国指明了前进的方向。

The Global Development Initiative leads the development practice of promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. Xi Jinping pointed out that in an era full of both hope and challenges, we must deeply understand and grasp the general trend of the world, pool our efforts, promote global development, and create a development pattern of universal benefit and balance, coordination and inclusiveness, win-win cooperation, and common prosperity. [7]7 “Upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground” (守正创新) is a Chinese four-character idiom frequently used in official discourse to mean maintaining core principles while innovating in practice. Under the strategic guidance of the Global Development Initiative, China has earnestly implemented the specific requirements of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, initiated and established cooperation organizations such as the Group of Friends of the Global Development Initiative, the Global Development Initiative Promotion Working Group, and the China International Development Cooperation Agency, and has increasingly formed more and more development partnerships, effectively consolidating the common strength of human development.

全球发展倡议引领了推动构建人类命运共同体的发展实践。习近平指出，在当今这样一个希望与挑战并存的时代，必须深刻理解和把握世界大势，凝心聚力，推动全球发展，共创普惠平衡、协调包容、合作共赢、共同繁荣的发展格局。[7]在全球发展倡议的战略引领下，中国深刻落实联合国2030年可持续发展议程的具体要求，发起成立全球发展倡议之友小组、全球发展倡议推进工作组、国家国际发展合作署等合作组织，日益形成越来越多的发展伙伴关系，有效地凝聚了人类发展的共同力量。

III. The Security Dimension of Promoting the Building of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

三、推动构建人类命运共同体的安全向度

Security is an important prerequisite for the development of human society and also the fundamental interest of people of all countries in the world. In the process of promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, a security concept that meets the needs of the times is an important foundation for building a beautiful world of lasting peace and universal security. In April 2022, Xi Jinping proposed the Global Security Initiative at the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference, advocating that all countries adhere to a vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security; adhere to respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries; adhere to abiding by the purposes and principles of the UN Charter; adhere to taking the legitimate security concerns of all countries seriously; adhere to peacefully resolving differences and disputes between countries through dialogue and consultation; and adhere to统筹维护传统领域和非传统领域安全. [8]8 “The greatest common divisor” (最大公约数) is a mathematical term used metaphorically in Chinese political discourse to refer to the broadest possible consensus or common ground among different parties. The Global Security Initiative scientifically answers the question of the times: "What kind of security concept does the world need, and how can countries achieve common security?" It lays the security foundation for promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.

安全是人类社会发展的重要前提，也是世界各国人民的根本利益所在。在推动构建人类命运共同体的过程中，一种适应时代需要的安全理念是建设持久和平、普遍安全的美好世界的重要基础。2022年4月，习近平在博鳌亚洲论坛年会上提出全球安全倡议，倡导各国坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，坚持尊重各国主权、领土完整，坚持遵守联合国宪章宗旨和原则，坚持重视各国合理安全关切，坚持通过对话协商以和平方式解决国家间的分歧和争端，坚持统筹维护传统领域和非传统领域安全。[8]全球安全倡议科学解答了“世界需要什么样的安全理念、各国怎样实现共同安全”的时代之问，奠定了推动构建人类命运共同体的安全之基。

(I) Why Was the Global Security Initiative Proposed?

（一）全球安全倡议何以提出

In the present era, the entire world is facing more and more security risks and challenges in both traditional and non-traditional fields. A series of regional security crises such as the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the Palestine-Israel conflict are intensifying. The global security deficit is constantly increasing, and the security situation facing the entire human society is extremely severe. Tracing its roots, hegemonism and power politics are rampant. Some countries cling to Cold War thinking, establish exclusive small groups, and continuously intensify bloc confrontation, endangering world peace and security. That is to say, the Western traditional security concept with "zero-sum game" as its core cannot effectively respond to and resolve the security problems currently facing humanity. To maintain lasting peace and security in the world and to break out of the global security predicament, there is an urgent need for the practical emergence of a security concept that truly safeguards the fundamental interests of people of all countries in the world.

当今时代，整个世界面临着越来越多的传统和非传统领域的安全风险和挑战，俄乌冲突、巴以冲突等一系列区域性安全危机愈演愈烈，全球安全赤字不断增加，整个人类社会面临的安全形势极度严峻。究其根源，霸权主义和强权政治大行其道，部分国家固守冷战思维，建立具有排他性的小团体，不断加剧集团对抗，危害着世界的和平与安全。也就是说，西方以“零和博弈”为内核的传统安全观无法有效应对和解决当前人类所面临的安全问题。维护世界长治久安，破解全球安全困境，迫切需要一种真正维护世界各国人民根本利益的安全观的现实出场。

Xi Jinping has clearly pointed out that the Global Security Initiative is proposed to promote the sharing of weal and woe in world security and to maintain world peace and tranquility.[8]8 “The greatest common divisor” (最大公约数) is a mathematical term used metaphorically in Chinese political discourse to refer to the broadest possible consensus or common ground among different parties. Faced with the global security dilemma, the Communist Party of China, in integrating its own security with the common security of humanity, has put forward the Global Security Initiative. It advocates actively conducting various forms of international security exchanges and cooperation, scientifically formulating global security rules, and building a more secure and effective governance framework, aiming to inject greater stability into a turbulent and changing world, promote the building of a global security community, and safeguard world peace and tranquility. In summary, the proposal of the Global Security Initiative is a necessity of the times for resolving the global security dilemma.

习近平明确指出，全球安全倡议的提出是为了促进世界安危与共，维护世界和平安宁。[8]面对全球安全困境，中国共产党在自身安全与人类共同安全的统合中提出了全球安全倡议，主张积极开展多种形式国际安全交流与合作，科学制定全球安全规则，构建更加安全有效的治理框架，旨在为动荡变化的世界注入更多的稳定性，推动建设全球安全共同体，维护世界的和平与安宁。概言之，全球安全倡议的提出是破解全球安全困境的时代需要。

(II) The Main Content of the Global Security Initiative

（二）全球安全倡议的主要内容

As a Chinese solution for resolving the global security dilemma, the Global Security Initiative elaborates on the core concepts and basic principles for maintaining world peace and security from six dimensions: conceptual guidance, basic premise, fundamental follow, important principle, necessary path, and inherent requirement, providing scientific guidance for building a new type of security relationship.

作为破解全球安全困境的中国方案，全球安全倡议从理念指引、基本前提、根本遵循、重要原则、必由之路和应有之义6个维度阐发了维护世界和平与安全的核心理念与基本原则，为构建新型安全关系提供了科学导引。

First, upholding a vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security. This dimension elaborates the conceptual guidance of the Global Security Initiative, emphasizing that the security of every sovereign state must be fully guaranteed, and that all countries must join hands through coordinated approaches to jointly address security risks and challenges in different fields, achieving sustainable security for the whole of human society. Second, upholding respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries. This dimension elaborates the basic premise of the Global Security Initiative, emphasizing that in the international community, regardless of a country's size or strength, its territorial sovereignty must be fully respected, and it must equally enjoy the rights of a sovereign state. Third, upholding the purposes and principles of the UN Charter. This dimension elaborates the fundamental follow of the Global Security Initiative, emphasizing the need to practice true multilateralism, follow the basic spirit of the UN Charter, effectively implement this important principle for handling international relations, and promote global security governance towards goodness and improvement. Fourth, upholding the importance of the legitimate security concerns of all countries. This dimension elaborates the important principle of the Global Security Initiative, emphasizing the need to respect the legitimate interests and demands of each sovereign state in the security field, unify one's own security with common security, and achieve universal security for the entire world. Fifth, upholding the peaceful resolution of differences and disputes between countries through dialogue and consultation. This dimension elaborates the necessary path of the Global Security Initiative, emphasizing the need to enhance mutual trust, build consensus, promote the practical resolution of international conflicts and disputes, and prevent and defuse security risks through dialogue and consultation. Sixth, upholding the integrated maintenance of security in both traditional and non-traditional domains. This dimension elaborates the inherent requirement of the Global Security Initiative, emphasizing the need to form a holistic understanding of global security, coordinate various security threats in both traditional and non-traditional domains, and comprehensively advance global security governance.

一是坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观。这一维度所阐发的是全球安全倡议的理念指引，强调要充分保障每一个主权国家的安全，通过统筹协调的方式携起手来共同应对不同领域的安全风险和挑战，实现整个人类社会的可持续安全。二是坚持尊重各国主权、领土完整。这一维度所阐发的是全球安全倡议的基本前提，强调在国际社会中，无论国家大小、强弱，其领土主权都必须要得到充分的尊重，平等地享有作为主权国家的各项权利。三是坚持遵守联合国宪章宗旨和原则。这一维度所阐发的是全球安全倡议的根本遵循，强调要践行真正的多边主义，遵循联合国宪章的基本精神，有效地去践行这一处理国际关系的重要原则，推动全球安全治理向好向善。四是坚持重视各国合理的安全关切。这一维度所阐发的是全球安全倡议的重要原则，强调要尊重每个主权国家在安全领域的合理利益与诉求，将自身安全与共同安全统一起来，实现整个世界的普遍安全。五是坚持通过对话协商以和平方式解决国家间的分歧和争端。这一维度所阐发的是全球安全倡议的必由之路，强调要通过对话协商的方式增进互信、凝聚共识，促进国际间冲突和争端的现实解决，防范和化解安全风险。六是坚持统筹维护传统领域和非传统领域安全。这一维度所阐发的是全球安全倡议的应有之义，强调要形成关于全球安全的整体性认识，统筹传统和非传统领域的各种安全威胁，综合推进全球安全治理。

(III) The Significant Significance of the Global Security Initiative for Promoting the Building of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

（三）全球安全倡议之于推动构建人类命运共同体的重大意义

As one of the important pillars for promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, the Global Security Initiative is highly compatible with the community with a shared future for mankind. It plays an important role in realizing the most basic and universal aspirations of humanity and the fundamental interests of people around the world, providing security guarantees for deepening and substantiating the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.

作为推动构建人类命运共同体的重要依托之一，全球安全倡议与人类命运共同体高度契合，在实现人类最基本最普遍愿望和世界各国人民根本利益中发挥着重要作用，为推动构建人类命运共同体走深走实提供了安全保障。

The Global Security Initiative has consolidated the security foundation for promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. Xi Jinping pointed out: "In today's world where countries are interdependent, pursuing one's own so-called absolute security and exclusive security is not feasible."[9]9 The Liangzhu Forum is an international academic conference held in Hangzhou, China, named after the Neolithic Liangzhu archaeological site, a UNESCO World Heritage site, focusing on civilizational dialogue and exchange. The Global Security Initiative abandons the traditional Western security concept of power supremacy, exposes the hegemonic mentality of Western capitalist countries that bully the weak, and proposes a new security concept emphasizing that humanity is an indivisible security community. Guided by this new security concept, we call on the international community to join hands to jointly maintain world peace and security, to eliminate conflicts and resolve disputes through peaceful dialogue and consultation, and to promote the building of a global security community.

全球安全倡议夯实了推动构建人类命运共同体的安全根基。习近平指出：“在国与国相互依存的今天，追求自身所谓绝对安全、独享安全是行不通的。”[9]全球安全倡议摒弃了西方强权至上的传统安全观，揭示了西方资本主义国家恃强凌弱的霸权心态，提出了一种强调人类是不可分割的安全共同体的新型安全观。在这一新型安全观的指导下，我们号召国际社会携起手来共同维护世界的和平与安全，通过和平对话协商的方式来消弭冲突、化解争端，推动构建全球安全共同体。

The Global Security Initiative has led the security practice of promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. Xi Jinping pointed out that the Global Security Initiative aims to "promote development through cooperation, promote security through cooperation, and build a more balanced, effective, and sustainable security architecture."[9]9 The Liangzhu Forum is an international academic conference held in Hangzhou, China, named after the Neolithic Liangzhu archaeological site, a UNESCO World Heritage site, focusing on civilizational dialogue and exchange. Under the strategic guidance of the Global Security Initiative, the Communist Party of China has earnestly implemented the various provisions and requirements of the *Concept Paper on the Global Security Initiative*, actively participated in the mediation of international disputes, established and improved institutional mechanisms for international security cooperation and exchange, jointly addressed various forms of security threats with countries around the world, and effectively created a favorable international environment for promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.

全球安全倡议引领了推动构建人类命运共同体的安全实践。习近平指出，全球安全倡议是“以合作促发展、以合作促安全，构建起更为均衡、有效、可持续的安全架构”[9]。在全球安全倡议的战略引领下，中国共产党深刻落实《全球安全倡议概念文件》的各项规定和要求，积极参与国际争议的调解，建立健全国际安全合作交流的体制机制，与世界各国共同应对各种形式的安全威胁，有效地营造了推动构建人类命运共同体的良好国际环境。

IV. The Civilizational Dimension of Promoting the Building of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

四、推动构建人类命运共同体的文明向度

Exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations are important measures for building consensus on global cooperation and achieving the common development of diverse civilizations. In the process of promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, a concept of civilization that meets the needs of the times is an important foundation for building an open and inclusive world. In March 2023, Xi Jinping proposed the Global Civilization Initiative at the CPC in Dialogue with World Political Parties High-level Meeting, jointly advocating respect for the diversity of world civilizations, promoting the common values of all humanity, emphasizing the inheritance and innovation of civilizations, and strengthening international people-to-people and cultural exchanges and cooperation.[10] The Global Civilization Initiative scientifically answers the question of the times, "How do different civilizations coexist, and where is human civilization headed?" It lays the civilizational foundation for promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.

文明交流互鉴是凝聚全球合作共识，实现多元文明共同发展的重要举措。在推动构建人类命运共同体的过程中，一种适应时代需要的文明理念是建设开放包容世界的重要基础。2023年3月，习近平在中国共产党与世界政党高层对话会上提出全球文明倡议，共同倡导尊重世界文明多样性，弘扬全人类共同价值，重视文明传承和创新，加强国际人文交流合作。[10]全球文明倡议科学解答了“不同文明如何相处、人类文明何去何从”的时代之问，奠定了推动构建人类命运共同体的文明之基。

(I) Why Was the Global Civilization Initiative Proposed?

（一）全球文明倡议何以提出

Civilizational development and modernization have gone hand in hand. In the process of the development and evolution of human civilization, Western countries took the lead in achieving modernization, and Western civilization once became the center of world civilization. A highly exclusive capitalist view of civilization was also formed in this process. However, although the Western model of modernization effectively promoted the development and progress of human civilization at a certain historical stage, constrained by the insurmountable internal contradictions of capital logic, this model of modernization gradually peaked and declined after entering the 21st century, triggering a series of modern problems such as the gap between rich and poor, ecological pollution, and value disorder, plunging the whole of human civilization into an awkward situation of not knowing where to go. In fact, the Western model of modernization is not the only correct path for humanity to achieve modernization. The capitalist view of civilization it contains cannot truly and effectively resolve the civilizational dilemmas encountered by human development in the current era. Promoting exchanges and mutual learning among diverse civilizations and resolving the global civilizational dilemma urgently require the emergence of a more open and inclusive view of civilization.

文明发展与现代化演进可谓相伴而行。在人类文明发展演进的过程中，西方国家率先实现了现代化，西方文明一度成为世界文明中心，一种极具排他性的资本主义文明观也在这一过程中得以形成。然而，尽管西方现代化发展模式在一定的历史阶段有力地推动了人类文明的发展进步，但是囿于资本逻辑不可克服的内在矛盾，这一现代化发展模式在进入21世纪后逐渐盛极而衰，引发了诸如贫富分化、生态污染、价值失序等一系列现代性问题，使整个人类文明陷入到一种不知何去何从的尴尬境地之中。实际上，西方的现代化发展模式并不是人类实现现代化的唯一正确道路，其所蕴含的资本主义文明观并不能真正有效解决当今时代人类发展所遭遇的文明困境。促进多元文明交流互鉴，破解全球文明困境，迫切需要一种更加开放包容的文明观的现实出场。

Xi Jinping pointed out: "I proposed the Global Civilization Initiative to promote the international community's resolution of the imbalance between material and spiritual aspects, and to jointly promote the continuous progress of human civilization."[11] Faced with the global civilizational dilemma, the Communist Party of China has profoundly grasped the world situation and the objective laws of the development and evolution of human civilization. Based on its own international vision and concern for the world, it has proposed the Global Civilization Initiative, advocating the promotion of the prosperity and development of diverse civilizations through exchanges and mutual learning, and pointing out the practical direction for resolving the global civilizational dilemma. In summary, the proposal of the Global Civilization Initiative is a necessity of the times for resolving the global civilizational dilemma.

习近平指出：“我提出全球文明倡议，就是要推动国际社会解决物质和精神失衡问题，共同推动人类文明不断进步。”[11]面对全球文明困境，中国共产党深刻把握世界大势和人类文明发展演进的客观规律，在自身国际视野和天下情怀的基础上提出了全球文明倡议，主张以文明交流互鉴推动多元文明的繁荣发展，指明了破解全球文明困境的实践路向。概言之，全球文明倡议的提出是破解全球文明困境的时代需要。

(II) The Main Content of the Global Civilization Initiative

（二）全球文明倡议的主要内容

As another important international public good following the Global Development Initiative and the Global Security Initiative, the Global Civilization Initiative elaborates on the basic laws of civilizational exchange and development from four dimensions: civilizational stance, value concept, internal driving force, and practical path, providing scientific guidance for building a new type of civilizational relationship.

作为全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议之后的又一重要的国际公共产品，全球文明倡议分别从文明立场、价值理念、内驱动力、现实路径4个维度阐发了文明交流与发展的基本规律，为构建新型文明关系提供了科学导引。

First, jointly advocating respect for the diversity of world civilizations. This dimension expounds the civilizational stance that should be upheld in practicing the Global Civilization Initiative, emphasizing the foundational role of civilizational diversity in the development and evolution of human civilization. On the premise of respecting the subject status of different civilizations, it calls for promoting exchanges and mutual learning among diverse civilizations with a more open and inclusive mindset, transcending civilizational estrangement, civilizational conflict, and civilizational superiority. Second, jointly advocating the promotion of the common values of all humanity. This dimension expounds the values that should be upheld in practicing the Global Civilization Initiative, emphasizing the guiding role of the common values of all humanity in the development and evolution of human civilization. On the basis of respecting the common interests and aspirations of all humanity, it calls for transcending the limitations of ideology through seeking common ground while reserving differences, and for consolidating the value consensus among different civilizations. Third, jointly advocating the emphasis on civilizational inheritance and innovation. This dimension expounds the internal driving force that should be relied upon in practicing the Global Civilization Initiative, emphasizing the driving role of civilizational inheritance and development in the development and evolution of human civilization. On the basis of fully exploring the historical and cultural heritage of different civilizations, it calls for stimulating the momentum of civilizational development through upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground [7]7 “Upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground” (守正创新) is a Chinese four-character idiom frequently used in official discourse to mean maintaining core principles while innovating in practice., and for promoting the creative transformation and innovative development of culture. Fourth, jointly advocating the strengthening of international people-to-people and cultural exchanges and cooperation. This dimension expounds the practical path that should be followed in practicing the Global Civilization Initiative, emphasizing the practical role of people-to-people and cultural exchanges and mutual learning in the development and evolution of human civilization. On the basis of building platforms for global civilizational cooperation, dialogue, and exchange, it calls for promoting mutual understanding and affinity among the people of all countries with an open and inclusive mindset, and for consolidating the public opinion foundation for the exchange and mutual learning of human civilizations.

一是共同倡导尊重世界文明的多样性。这一维度所阐发的是践行全球文明倡议所应坚守的文明立场，强调文明多样性之于人类文明发展演进的基础性作用，要在尊重不同文明主体地位的前提下，以更加开放包容的心态推动多元文明的交流互鉴，超越文明隔阂、文明冲突和文明优越。二是共同倡导弘扬全人类共同价值。这一维度所阐发的是践行全球文明倡议所应秉持的价值观念，强调全人类共同价值之于人类文明发展演进的导引性作用，要在尊重全人类共同利益与诉求的基础上，以求同存异超越意识形态的局限，凝聚不同文明之间的价值共识。三是共同倡导重视文明传承和创新。这一维度所阐发的是践行全球文明倡议所应依靠的内驱动力，强调文明传承发展之于人类文明发展演进的推动性作用，要在充分发掘不同文明历史文化传承的基础上，以守正创新激发文明发展的动能，推动文化的创造性转化和创新性发展。四是共同倡导加强国际人文交流合作。这一维度所阐发的是践行全球文明倡议所应遵循的现实路径，强调人文交流互鉴之于人类文明发展演进的实践性作用，要在搭建全球文明合作对话交流平台的基础上，以开放包容的胸怀推动各国人民的相知相亲，夯实人类文明交流互鉴的民意基础。

(III) The Major Significance of the Global Civilization Initiative for Promoting the Building of a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind

（三）全球文明倡议之于推动构建人类命运共同体的重大意义

As one of the important pillars for promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, the Global Civilization Initiative is highly compatible with the community with a shared future for mankind. It plays an important role in advancing the process of human modernization and the development and progress of civilization, injecting strong impetus into deepening and substantiating the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.

作为推动构建人类命运共同体的重要依托之一，全球文明倡议与人类命运共同体高度契合，在推进人类现代化进程和文明发展进步的过程中发挥着重要作用，为推动构建人类命运共同体走深走实注入了强大动力。

The Global Civilization Initiative consolidates the civilizational foundation for promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. Xi Jinping pointed out: “Promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind does not mean replacing one system with another, nor does it mean replacing one civilization with another.” [12] The Global Civilization Initiative transcends the highly exclusive and expansionist capitalist view of civilization, exposes the barbaric nature of Western capitalist countries imposing their own values and development models on other nation-states, and proposes a new type of civilizational view that emphasizes the shared destiny of mankind and the coexistence of diverse civilizations. Guided by this new type of civilizational view, different civilizational subjects transcend differences in systems, cultures, and levels of development, commit to seeking common interests and aspirations in international interactions, and form the greatest common divisor [8]8 “The greatest common divisor” (最大公约数) is a mathematical term used metaphorically in Chinese political discourse to refer to the broadest possible consensus or common ground among different parties. for diverse civilizations to jointly build a better world through exchanges and mutual learning. This provides important support for the formation of a community with a shared future for mankind.

全球文明倡议夯实了推动构建人类命运共同体的文明根基。习近平指出：“推动构建人类命运共同体，不是以一种制度代替另一种制度，不是以一种文明代替另一种文明。”[12]全球文明倡议超越了极具排他性和扩张性的资本主义文明观，揭露了西方资本主义国家将自身价值理念和发展模式强加于其他民族国家的野蛮本质，提出了一种强调人类命运休戚与共、多元文明并存的新型文明观。在这一新型文明观的指导下，不同文明主体超越制度、文化、发展水平的差异，致力于在国际交往中寻求共同的利益与诉求，在交流互鉴中形成多元文明共建美好世界的最大公约数，这就为人类命运共同体的缔结提供了重要支撑。

The Global Civilization Initiative guides the civilizational practice of promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. Xi Jinping pointed out: “Building a community with a shared future for mankind is a historical process. It cannot be achieved overnight, nor will it be smooth sailing. It requires long-term and arduous efforts.” [13] Under the strategic guidance of the Global Civilization Initiative, the Communist Party of China, on the one hand, actively carries out practical activities of civilizational exchanges and mutual learning in various forms, such as the World Conference on China Studies and the Liangzhu Forum [9]9 The Liangzhu Forum is an international academic conference held in Hangzhou, China, named after the Neolithic Liangzhu archaeological site, a UNESCO World Heritage site, focusing on civilizational dialogue and exchange.; on the other hand, it builds high-quality practical platforms for civilizational exchanges and mutual learning, such as the Belt and Road Initiative and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. With a global vision and a concern for the world, it concretely implements the inherent requirements of the Global Civilization Initiative, and promotes the building of a global civilizational community through the exchanges and mutual learning of diverse civilizations.

全球文明倡议引领了推动构建人类命运共同体的文明实践。习近平指出：“构建人类命运共同体是一个历史过程，不可能一蹴而就，也不可能一帆风顺，需要付出长期艰苦的努力。”[13]在全球文明倡议的战略引领下，中国共产党一方面积极开展世界中国学大会、良渚论坛等多种形式文明交流互鉴的实践活动，另一方面又高质量共建“一带一路”、上海合作组织等文明交流互鉴的实践平台，以世界眼光和天下情怀切实落实全球文明倡议的内在要求，在多元文明的交流互鉴中推动构建全球文明共同体。

(Author profiles: Qin Long, School of Marxism, Tianjin Normal University; Zhang Guangquan, Institute of Marxism for the New Era, Tianjin Normal University)

（作者简介：秦龙，天津师范大学马克思主义学院；张广全，天津师范大学新时代马克思主义研究院）

Online editor: Tongxin

网络编辑：同心