The Ideological Power of Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought

When culture thrives, the fortunes of the nation thrive; when culture is strong, the nation is strong. Cultural flourishing is a prerequisite for national strength and national rejuvenation. Xi Jinping’s cultural thought is rich in content, systematic and comprehensive, possessing the distinctive qualities of clarifying principles and applying them, integrating substance and function, following practice, and being open and inclusive. It is a major theoretical innovation that integrates the essence of Marxist cultural theory, the cream of fine traditional Chinese culture, and the crystallization of the cultural practice of Chinese Communists. It not only opens up a new realm for the development of Marxist cultural theory and constitutes the cultural chapter of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, but also enriches and develops the ideological theory of the Communist Party of China in the New Era from the cultural dimension. The term “ideological power” first originated from Engels’ statement in *Ludwig Feuerbach and the End of Classical German Philosophy*: “The state appears before us as the first ideological power over man,” meaning the power that ideology displays in class society: “the will to maintain rule, the power to justify and reconcile contradictions, the dominant power to unify knowledge and action, and the cohesive power to shape unity.” As an important achievement of the Party’s theoretical innovation in the New Era, Xi Jinping’s cultural thought, together with Xi Jinping’s economic thought, Xi Jinping’s thought on the rule of law, Xi Jinping’s thought on ecological civilization, Xi Jinping’s thought on strengthening the military, Xi Jinping’s diplomatic thought, and Xi Jinping’s series of important discourses, constitutes the main content of the CPC’s ideological theory in the New Era. It contains a powerful ideological force for adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, boosting the spiritual outlook of contemporary Chinese people, and building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation. Embarking on the new journey of striving for the second centenary goal [n], an in-depth analysis and discussion of the ideological power contained in Xi Jinping’s cultural thought is of great significance for undertaking the new cultural mission in the New Era and continuously creating a new situation in propaganda, ideology, and cultural work.

文化兴国运兴，文化强民族强，文化繁荣是国家强盛、民族复兴的前提性要素。习近平文化思想内涵丰富、系统全面，具有明体达用、体用贯通，遵从实践、开放包容的鲜明特质，是集马克思主义文化理论精髓、中华优秀传统文化精华和中国共产党人文化实践结晶于一体的重大理论创新成果，不仅开辟了马克思主义文化理论发展的新境界，构成了习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的文化篇，同时也从文化层面丰富和发展了新时代中国共产党意识形态理论。意识形态力量一词最早源自恩格斯在《路德维希·费尔巴哈和德国古典哲学的终结》一文中所讲的：“国家作为第一个支配人的意识形态力量出现在我们面前”，意指意识形态在阶级社会中所展现出的“维护统治的意志力、调和矛盾的辩护力、统摄知行的主导力以及塑造团结的聚合力”。习近平文化思想作为新时代党的理论创新的重要成果，同习近平经济思想、习近平法治思想、习近平生态文明思想、习近平强军思想、习近平外交思想以及习近平系列重要论述共同构成了新时代中国共产党意识形态理论的主体内容，蕴含着推进马克思主义中国化时代化、提振当代中国人的精神面貌、建设中华民族现代文明的强大意识形态力量。踏上向第二个百年奋斗目标奋进的新征程，深入剖析和探讨习近平文化思想所蕴含的意识形态力量，对于新时代担负新的文化使命、不断开创宣传思想文化工作新局面具有重要意义。

I. The Power of Thought: Adapting Marxism to the Chinese Context and the Needs of the Times

一、思想之力：推进马克思主义中国化时代化

Continuously innovating and developing in response to changes in the times is the essential pursuit of ideology to scientifically explain the world and actively change it, and it is also an important method for ideology to maintain vigorous vitality and exuberant energy. As an important component of the CPC’s ideological theory in the New Era, Xi Jinping’s cultural thought possesses the basic spirit and character of “promoting theoretical innovation by integrating new practices.” In the great practice of the New Era, Xi Jinping’s cultural thought consciously “combines with existing conceptual materials,” actively carries forward Marxist cultural theory, promotes the creative transformation and innovative development of fine traditional Chinese culture, paints a cultural scroll of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, and pushes forward a solid step in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times.

顺应时代变化不断创新发展，是意识形态科学解释世界与能动改变世界的本质追求，也是意识形态保持蓬勃生机和旺盛活力的重要方法。习近平文化思想作为新时代中国共产党意识形态理论的重要内容，具有“结合新的实践不断推进理论创新”的基本精神和品格。在新时代的伟大实践中，习近平文化思想自觉“同现有的观念材料相结合”，主动将马克思主义文化理论发扬光大，推动中华优秀传统文化创造性转化和创新性发展，绘就了马克思主义中国化时代化的文化长卷，推动马克思主义中国化时代化向前迈出了坚实一步。

(1) Composing a New Cultural Chapter in Adapting Marxism to the Chinese Context and the Needs of the Times

（一）谱写马克思主义中国化时代化的文化新篇章

Promoting the development of culture and revealing the general laws of cultural development are important issues that Marxism focuses on. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, Xi Jinping, based on the strategic height of advancing Chinese-path modernization and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, has fully inherited the scientific and practical characteristics of Marxist cultural theory in the process of leading cultural construction, actively responded to the more prominent cultural pursuits and stronger cultural voices of contemporary China, completed innovations and breakthroughs in many cultural theoretical viewpoints, and elevated these innovative theories into highly generalized explanatory paradigms and conceptual consensus, greatly enriching Marxist cultural theory and forming Xi Jinping’s cultural thought. Specifically, Xi Jinping’s cultural thought “seeks thought from reality itself,” profoundly answering fundamental questions such as “what flag to hold, what path to take, what principles to adhere to, and what goals to achieve in China’s cultural construction in the New Era” in light of the actual cultural construction of Chinese-path modernization. It clarifies the strategic positioning of “three matters of concern” [n] for propaganda, ideology, and cultural work in the New Era, emphasizes the primary political task of propaganda, ideology, and cultural work in the New Era, which is “to arm the entire Party and educate the people with the Party’s innovative theories,” points out the new cultural mission of propaganda, ideology, and cultural work in the New Era, which is “to continue promoting cultural prosperity, building a strong cultural country, and constructing the modern civilization of the Chinese nation at a new historical starting point,” and outlines the practical strategy of “seven efforts” [n] for propaganda, ideology, and cultural work in the New Era. Furthermore, Xi Jinping’s cultural thought also proposes the fundamental task of “two consolidations” [n] for propaganda, ideology, and cultural work in the New Era, the key deployment of “five aspects” [n], the regular understanding of “nine adherences” [n], and original ideological viewpoints such as clarifying the Party’s cultural leadership from the “fourteen emphasizes” [n] and deeply understanding the major thesis of the “Two Integrations.” The proposal of these new thoughts, new viewpoints, and new theses has enabled Xi Jinping’s cultural thought to complete its systematic and theoretical construction, presenting a holistic ideological overview with profound theory, rich content, and a complete system. It not only opens up a new realm for the development of Marxist cultural theory, highlights the major innovation of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times in the cultural field, but also enriches and develops the CPC’s ideological theory in the New Era.

推动文化向前发展并揭示文化发展的一般规律是马克思主义所关注的重要问题。党的十八大以来，习近平立足推进中国式现代化和中华民族伟大复兴的战略高度，在领导文化建设过程中充分继承马克思主义文化理论的科学性和实践性特质，积极回应当代中国更为凸显的文化追求、更为强劲的文化呼声，完成了对诸多文化理论观点上的创新与突破，并将这些创新理论上升为具有高度概括性的解释范式和观念共识，极大地丰富了马克思主义文化理论，形成了习近平文化思想。具言之，习近平文化思想“向现实本身去寻求思想”，结合中国式现代化文化建设实际深刻回答了“新时代我国文化建设举什么旗、走什么路、坚持什么原则、实现什么目标等根本问题，明确新时代宣传思想文化工作“三个事关”的战略定位，强调新时代宣传思想文化工作“用党的创新理论武装全党、教育人民”的首要政治任务，指明新时代宣传思想文化工作“在新的历史起点上继续推动文化繁荣、建设文化强国、建设中华民族现代文明”的新的文化使命，擘画新时代宣传思想文化工作“七个着力”的实践方略。此外，习近平文化思想还提出了新时代宣传思想文化工作“两个巩固”的根本任务，“五个方面”的重点部署，“九个坚持”的规律性认识以及从“十四个强调”中明确坚持党的文化领导权、深刻理解“两个结合”的重大论断等原创性思想观点。上述新思想、新观点、新论断的提出，使习近平文化思想完成体系化、学理化建构，呈现出学理深厚、内容丰富、体系完整的整体性思想概貌，不仅开辟了马克思主义文化理论发展新境界，凸显了马克思主义中国化时代化在文化领域的重大创新，而且丰富和发展了新时代中国共产党意识形态理论。

(2) Opening a New Stage of Development in Adapting Marxism to the Chinese Context and the Needs of the Times

（二）开启马克思主义中国化时代化的发展新阶段

Adhering to theoretical innovation is a fine tradition of the CPC and also a magic weapon for the CPC to continuously move from victory to victory in its struggle of over a hundred years. Since modern times, precisely because the CPC united and led the people of all ethnic groups across the country to open a glorious chapter of combining Marxism with China’s specific realities, and continuously enhanced the ontological consciousness of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, the Chinese nation has achieved a great historical transformation from the most miserable circumstances towards a bright future, and the Chinese people have shifted from passivity to initiative in spirit. This fully proves that only by upholding and developing Marxism can the Party and the people obtain scientific and powerful ideological strength. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, Xi Jinping has regarded Marxism as the “master key” for the entire Party and the people of all ethnic groups across the country to understand and transform the world, clearly recognizing that under the increasingly complex domestic and international situation in the New Era, “the task of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times is not lighter, but heavier.” Based on this, Xi Jinping has profoundly summarized and grasped the historical experience and inherent laws of the CPC’s promotion of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times over the past hundred years, and actively explored the future development path of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. Xi Jinping’s cultural thought is a fruitful achievement obtained by the Chinese Communists, with Comrade Xi Jinping as their main representative, in exploring the path of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. It is the conceptual effort and spiritual achievement of Chinese Communists in the New Era seeking ideological breakthroughs. More importantly, Xi Jinping’s cultural thought, combining new practices and the requirements of the times, proposes the major judgment of combining the basic tenets of Marxism with fine traditional Chinese culture, i.e., the “Second Integration.” This not only completes the historical extension and cultural expansion of the “First Integration,” realizes the methodological innovation of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, but also provides a broader cultural space and richer cultural resources for the innovation of Marxist theory, turning a new page in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. In June 2023, in his speech at the Symposium on Cultural Heritage and Development, Xi Jinping clearly pointed out that the “Two Integrations” are the only way for us to “open up and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics on the profound foundation of over five thousand years of Chinese civilization,” emphasizing that the “Second Integration” is another ideological liberation and the greatest magic weapon for us to truly understand the historical inevitability, cultural connotation, and unique advantages of the Chinese path. It injects new momentum for promoting the “lightning of thought” of Marxism to thoroughly strike the “simple spiritual garden” of the Chinese people, and provides new perspectives and new pathways for the CPC’s ideological theory in the New Era to achieve leapfrog development and complete high-quality construction.

坚持理论创新是中国共产党的优良传统，同时也是中国共产党在百余年奋斗历程中不断从胜利走向胜利的制胜法宝。近代以来，正是因为中国共产党团结带领全国各族人民开启马克思主义同中国具体实际相结合的光辉篇章，不断增强马克思主义中国化时代化的本体自觉，中华民族才实现了从最悲惨的境遇向着光明前途的伟大历史转变，中国人民才从精神上由被动转为主动。这充分证明，只有坚持和发展马克思主义，党和人民才能获得科学而强大的思想力量。党的十八大以来，习近平将马克思主义视为全党全国各族人民认识世界、改造世界的“总钥匙”，清晰认识到在国内外形势日益复杂的新时代背景下，“推进马克思主义中国化时代化的任务不是轻了，而是更重了”。基于此，习近平深刻总结和把握中国共产党百余年来推进马克思主义中国化时代化的历史经验和内在规律，积极探索马克思主义中国化时代化的未来发展路径。习近平文化思想是以习近平同志为主要代表的中国共产党人在探索马克思主义中国化时代化路径中所取得的丰硕成果，是新时代中国共产党人谋求思想突破的观念努力和精神成果。更为重要的是，习近平文化思想结合新的实践和时代要求提出了要将马克思主义基本原理同中华优秀传统文化相结合，即“第二个结合”的重大判断，不仅完成了对“第一个结合”的历史延伸与文化延展，实现了马克思主义中国化时代化的方法论创新，而且为马克思主义理论创新提供了更为广阔的文化空间和更为丰富的文化资源，翻开了马克思主义中国化时代化新的一页。2023年6月，习近平在文化传承发展座谈会上的讲话中明确指出，“两个结合”是我们“在五千多年中华文明深厚基础上开辟和发展中国特色社会主义”的必由之路，强调“第二个结合”是又一次的思想解放，是我们真正理解中国道路的历史必然、文化内涵与独特优势的最大法宝，为推动马克思主义“思想的闪电”彻底击中中国人民“朴素的精神园地”注入了新动能，为新时代中国共产党意识形态理论实现跨越式发展、完成高质量建构提供了新视域、新途径。

(3) Deepening the Regular Understanding of Adapting Marxism to the Chinese Context and the Needs of the Times

（三）深化马克思主义中国化时代化的规律性认识

Understanding of laws is a major judgment derived from long-term thinking and practice. “Discovering those general laws of motion that dominate the history of human society as laws” is one of the core pursuits of historical materialism. The Communist Party of China adheres to the guidance of historical materialism, focuses on summarizing fresh experience from the practical process of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, “from the particular to the general, from the individual to the common, from the perceptual to the rational, continuously rising to an understanding of laws,” and in turn applies these laws to further adapt Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. The important thesis of the “Two Integrations”[8]8 The “Two Integrations” (两个结合) refers to the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s concrete reality and with the fine traditional Chinese culture. It was formally proposed by Xi Jinping in 2021. in Xi Jinping’s cultural thought is a scientific thesis confirmed by practical verification and experience summarization, and is a concrete manifestation of deepening the understanding of the laws of adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. The formation of the understanding of the laws of the “Two Integrations” has a profound historical basis. As early as the period of the New Democratic Revolution, Mao Zedong proposed that “the theory of Marxism-Leninism must be applied to the concrete environment of China” and emphasized: “From Confucius to Sun Yat-sen, we should sum up and inherit this precious legacy,” initially forming a theoretical consciousness of the “Two Integrations.” After the founding of New China, Mao Zedong stressed: “Now is the period of socialist revolution and construction; we must carry out a second integration to find the path for building socialism in China,” proposing the task of a “second integration” of Marxism with China’s concrete reality, continuing the evolutionary thread of the “Two Integrations.” During the new period of reform and opening up and socialist modernization, our Party, based on China’s concrete reality, creatively proposed scientific concepts and ideas with the characteristics of both Marxism and fine traditional Chinese culture, such as “moderate prosperity,” the combination of “law-based governance” and “rule by virtue,” and building a socialist harmonious society, achieving innovative development of the “Two Integrations.” Entering the New Era,[9]9 The New Era (新时代) refers to the period beginning with the 18th National Congress of the CPC in 2012, under the leadership of Xi Jinping. Xi Jinping, on the basis of summarizing historical experience, formally proposed the important thesis of the “Two Integrations,” placing the fine traditional Chinese culture, which has been sublimated through thousands of years of practice, on a par with China’s concrete reality, both as important objects for integration with the basic tenets of Marxism. The “Two Integrations” are the original theoretical achievement of Xi Jinping’s cultural thought. Their proposal deepened the understanding of the laws of upholding and developing Marxism, especially the understanding of the laws of the “Second Integration,”[10]10 The “Second Integration” (第二个结合) refers specifically to the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism with the fine traditional Chinese culture, as distinct from the first integration with China’s concrete reality. emphasizing the need to connect the essence of Marxist thought with the fine traditional Chinese culture, profoundly revealing the inevitable path for the Party to promote theoretical innovation and cultural prosperity, and using the power of understanding of laws to impel Marxism to coalesce into new theoretical advantages. This not only pushed the adaptation of Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times to a new theoretical realm and practical height, but also effectively enhanced the cultural foundation of the CPC’s ideological theory in the New Era.

规律性认识是在长期的思考和实践中得出的重大判断。“发现那些作为支配规律在人类社会的历史上起作用的一般运动规律”是历史唯物主义的核心追求之一。中国共产党坚持历史唯物主义指导，注重从推进马克思主义中国化时代化的实践过程中总结新鲜经验，“从特殊到一般，从个性到共性，从感性到理性，不断上升为规律性认识”，并反过来运用这些规律进一步推进马克思主义中国化时代化。习近平文化思想关于“两个结合”的重要论断是经过实践印证和经验总结得出的科学论断，是不断深化对马克思主义中国化时代化规律性认识的具体彰显。“两个结合”规律性认识的形成具有深厚的历史依据。早在新民主主义革命时期，毛泽东就提出，要“把马克思列宁主义的理论应用于中国的具体的环境”，并强调：“从孔夫子到孙中山，我们应当给以总结，承继这一份珍贵的遗产”，初步形成了“两个结合”的理论自觉。新中国成立后，毛泽东强调：“现在是社会主义革命和建设时期，我们要进行第二次结合，找出在中国怎样建设社会主义的道路”，提出马克思主义同中国具体实际进行“第二次结合”的任务，接续了“两个结合”的演进脉络。改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期，我们党立足中国具体实际，创造性提出“小康”、“依法治国”和“以德治国”相结合、构建社会主义和谐社会等兼具马克思主义和中华优秀传统文化特质的科学概念和理念主张，实现了“两个结合”的创新性发展。进入新时代，习近平在总结历史经验的基础上，正式提出“两个结合”的重要论断，将历经数千年实践升华的中华优秀传统文化同中国具体实际相并列，共同作为马克思主义基本原理相结合的重要对象。“两个结合”是习近平文化思想的原创性理论成果，它的提出深化了坚持和发展马克思主义的规律性认识，特别是关于“第二个结合”的规律性认识，强调要把马克思主义思想精髓同中华优秀传统文化贯通起来，深刻揭示了党推动理论创新和文化繁荣的必由之路，以规律性认识的力量推动马克思主义聚变为新的理论优势，不仅将马克思主义中国化时代化推向了新的理论境界和实践高度，而且有效增强了新时代中国共产党意识形态理论的文化底蕴。

II. The Power of Spirit: Elevating the Spiritual Outlook of Contemporary Chinese People

二、精神之力：提振当代中国人的精神面貌

From the Marxist perspective, ideology is a “derivative” and “reflection” of social existence, having no independent history of its own, and changes faster or slower with changes in social existence. However, this does not prevent it from profoundly influencing or even altering the course of historical development. Xi Jinping’s cultural thought falls within the category of ideology, is one of the core contents of contemporary mainstream ideology in China, and possesses an inherent desire to cultivate and promote spiritual power and, through this spiritual power, mobilize the people, unite popular sentiment, and gather popular strength, providing important support for constructing a vigorous and uplifting spiritual outlook across society.

在马克思主义视域下，意识形态是社会存在的“派生物”和“倒影”，没有自身独立的历史，伴随社会存在的变化而或快或慢地发生变革，但这并不妨碍其能够深刻影响甚至改变历史发展的进程。习近平文化思想属于意识形态的内容范畴，是当代中国主流意识形态的核心内容之一，具有培育和弘扬精神力量并借助这种精神力量动员民众、凝聚民心、汇聚民力的内在渴望，为在全社会构筑起奋发昂扬的精神面貌提供了重要支撑。

(I) Replenishing the People’s Spiritual “Calcium” through Theoretical Armament

（一）在理论武装中补足人民精神之“钙”

As the ideological superstructure, ideology has an active counter-effect on politics, economy, and social development, and can profoundly influence people’s understanding and judgment of the real world. From the perspective of the spiritual environment, it can be found that “any individual, after birth, inevitably falls into the swaddling clothes of ideology,” and forms their own unique values within this established ideological atmosphere. Without external interference or influence, their ideological form becomes a “huge conservative force” that does not change easily. Lenin had a profound understanding of this; he believed that advanced ideas cannot arise spontaneously and must be accepted and mastered by people through propaganda and education, advocating “instilling socialist consciousness into the workers’ movement.” Mao Zedong also said: “Mastering ideological education is the central link in uniting the whole Party for great political struggle.” In the course of its more than one hundred years of struggle, our Party has attached great importance to building the Party through ideology and strengthening the Party through theory, forming a fine tradition of arming the whole Party and educating the people with the Party’s innovative theories. Xi Jinping inherited this fine tradition, clearly emphasizing: “Arming the whole Party with the Party’s innovative theories is the fundamental task of the Party’s ideological construction,” and put forward the requirement of “perfecting the work system for arming the whole Party, educating the people, and guiding practice with the Party’s innovative theories.” This important exposition is a scientific conclusion drawn by Xi Jinping after highly summarizing historical experience, and is also a scientific guide for Xi Jinping’s cultural thought to exert ideological power to shape the “throne of the spirit.” Under the conditions of the New Era, Xi Jinping’s cultural thought directly confronts the new situations and new tasks in the cultural field, focusing on answering prominent issues existing in the cultural field. It not only emphasizes promoting the innovative development of Marxist theory from the perspective of enhancing theoretical thoroughness, but also emphasizes adhering to the use of Marxist theory to arm the mind from the perspective of theoretical applicability, promoting the awakening of the consciousness of the broad masses. This is concretely manifested in the widespread conduct across society of thematic education, Party history study and education, propaganda and education on the spirit of successive Party congresses, and the holding of commemorative activities for the birth anniversaries of Marxist classic writers and important Party leaders. Through these forms, the Party’s innovative theories are embedded in the daily lives of the broad masses and internalized into their behavioral habits. Xi Jinping’s cultural thought provides theoretical armament and spiritual support for contemporary Chinese people to correctly understand the historical development process and its inherent laws, greatly enhancing the coverage and influence of the CPC’s ideological theory in the New Era.

意识形态作为观念上层建筑，对于政治、经济和社会发展具有能动的反作用，能够深刻影响人们对现实世界的认识与判断。从精神环境来看，可以发现“任何个人出生后都不可避免地要落入意识形态的襁褓之中”，并在这种既定的意识形态氛围中形成自身独特的价值观念，若没有外界的干扰或影响，其观念形态会成为一种“巨大的保守力量”，不会轻易发生改变。列宁对此有深刻认识，他认为先进思想不可能自发产生，必须通过宣传教育才能被人们所接受和掌握，主张“把社会主义觉悟灌输到工人运动中去”。毛泽东也说过：“掌握思想教育，是团结全党进行伟大政治斗争的中心环节。”在百余年奋斗历程中，我们党高度重视思想建党、理论强党，形成了坚持用党的创新理论武装全党、教育人民的优良传统。习近平继承这一优良传统，明确强调：“用党的创新理论武装全党是党的思想建设的根本任务”，并提出了“健全用党的创新理论武装全党、教育人民、指导实践工作体系”的要求。这一重要论述是习近平高度总结历史经验之后得出的科学结论，同时也是习近平文化思想发挥意识形态力量以塑造“精神的王座”的科学指引。在新时代条件下，习近平文化思想直面文化领域的新形势新任务，聚力回答文化领域存在的突出问题，不仅注重从提升理论彻底性层面推动马克思主义理论的创新性发展，同时也注重从理论应用性层面坚持运用马克思主义理论武装头脑，促进广大民众意识的觉醒。具体表现为在全社会广泛开展主题教育、党史学习教育、历届党代会精神宣传教育以及举办马克思主义经典作家和党的重要领导人诞辰纪念活动等，借助上述形式使党的创新理论进驻于广大民众的日常生活中、内化为广大民众的行为习惯。习近平文化思想为当代中国人民正确认识历史发展过程及其内在规律提供了理论武装和精神支撑，极大地提升了新时代中国共产党意识形态理论的覆盖面和影响力。

(II) Illuminating the People’s Spiritual “Light” in Serving the People

（二）在服务人民中点亮人民精神之“光”

Marxism is “the science of real people and their historical development.” It pays close attention to “real individuals” and their life activities, holding that the people play the dual role of “playwright” and “actor” in the course of historical development, and are the subject and fundamental force driving history forward; it is necessary to firmly rely on the people to advance history. In the view of Marx and Engels, the movement of the proletariat is “an independent movement of the immense majority, in the interest of the immense majority.” The Communist Party of China, as a proletarian party guided by Marxism, must necessarily take the people’s stand in its work of propaganda, ideology, and culture, and keep in mind the original aspiration of serving the people. Looking back over the Party’s more than one hundred years of struggle, the people-oriented character of Marxism runs through the entire process and all fields of the Party’s and the state’s construction, serving as a powerful ideological weapon that transforms the Chinese people from a passive to an active state of mind, and playing an important role in value orientation and spiritual guidance in the Party’s and the state’s cultural construction. Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought inherits the people-oriented character of Marxism and profoundly reflects the requirements of comprehensive social progress and the all-round development of the individual. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC [n11], Xi Jinping has repeatedly emphasized in his speeches on propaganda, ideology, and cultural work the need to adhere to a people-centered work orientation. From stressing that “to do a good job in propaganda and ideological work, we must solve the fundamental question of ‘for whom, relying on whom, and who we are’” in order to highlight the people’s subject position in propaganda, ideology, and cultural work, to stressing that “we must report more on the great struggles and fiery lives of the people, and report more on the advanced models and moving deeds emerging from the people” in order to point out the people-oriented orientation of propaganda, ideology, and cultural work, and then to stressing that the purpose of developing cultural undertakings is to “enable the people to enjoy a more substantial, richer, and higher-quality spiritual and cultural life” in order to respond to the people’s earnest demands for spiritual culture — all of this demonstrates the distinct people-oriented character of Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought. It can be said that the people’s sentiment is a red thread running through Xi Jinping’s Cultural Thought, and is the

马克思主义是“现实的人及其历史发展的科学”，对“现实的个人”及其生命活动给予高度关注，认为人民在历史发展过程中充当着“剧作者”与“剧中人”的双重角色，是推动历史发展的主体和根本力量，必须要坚定依靠人民来推动历史前进。在马克思恩格斯看来，无产阶级的运动是“为绝大多数人谋利益的独立的运动”。中国共产党作为以马克思主义为指导的无产阶级政党，其宣传思想文化工作必然要站稳人民立场、牢记为民初心。纵观党的百余年奋斗史，马克思主义的人民性导向贯穿于党和国家建设事业的全过程和各领域，是引领中国人民化精神被动为主动的强大思想武器，在党和国家的文化建设事业中发挥着价值导向和精神引领的重要作用。习近平文化思想承继马克思主义的人民性特质，深刻反映社会全面进步和人的全面发展要求。党的十八大以来，习近平在宣传思想文化工作方面的讲话中多次强调要坚持以人民为中心的工作导向，从强调“做好宣传思想工作，必须解决好‘为了谁、依靠谁、我是谁’这个根本问题”以突出人民群众在宣传思想文化工作中的主体地位，到强调“多宣传报道人民群众的伟大奋斗和火热生活，多宣传报道人民群众中涌现出来的先进典型和感人事迹”以指明宣传思想文化工作的人民性取向，再到强调发展文化事业的目的是为了“让人民享有更加充实、更为丰富、更高质量的精神文化生活”以回应人民群众对精神文化的殷切诉求，无不彰显着习近平文化思想鲜明的人民性特质。可以说，人民情怀是贯穿于习近平文化思想的一根红线，是习近平文化思想让民众产生共鸣、自觉遵循的核心秘诀。当前，习近平文化思想自觉担负起改善人民精神生活、推动人民精神生活共同富裕的庄严历史责任，致力于“充分激发全民族文化创新创造活力，不断巩固全党全国各族人民团结奋斗的共同思想基础”，在情感认同中激发人民的“主人翁”精神，提升了人民对新时代中国共产党意识形态理论的认同感和接受度。

(3) Shaping the “soul” of the people’s spirit in the construction of the spiritual realm

（三）在精神建构中形塑人民精神之“魂”

Li Dazhao once pointed out: “The road of history is not all smooth; sometimes it reaches a stage of hardship and danger. It is only by relying on a vigorous spirit that one can rush through it.” [11]11 “Stones from other hills” (他山之石) is a classical Chinese allusion from the *Book of Songs* (《诗经》), meaning advice or resources from others that can be used to improve oneself. In the New Era of China, various ideas and concepts clash and intermingle with one another. There are both the positive pattern of a flourishing spiritual culture and the influence and threat of erroneous currents of thought. Xi Jinping Thought on Culture, rooted in the foundation of practice and answering the questions of the times, has put forward many original practical strategies to boost the spirit and drive of the Chinese people, greatly enhancing the people’s spiritual strength on the basis of meeting their cultural needs. First, it proposes to jointly build the Chinese Dream, gathering the greatest common divisor of the Chinese nation’s united struggle. Xi Jinping pointed out: “Realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is the long-cherished wish of the Chinese nation since modern times.” The proposal of the concept of the Chinese Dream not only proclaims the common aspiration of the Chinese nation but also condenses the ideological consensus of the Chinese nation, releasing a powerful appeal and influence, and inspiring the creative enthusiasm and enterprising drive of the people of all ethnic groups across the country. Second, it proposes to vigorously cultivate and practice the core socialist values. The core socialist values possess “the powerful force to unite people’s hearts and gather popular strength.” Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party and the state have persisted in integrating the core socialist values into law-based governance, into social development, and into daily life, gradually internalizing this core value concept into people’s spiritual pursuits and externalizing it into people’s conscious actions, promoting the formation of a thriving and virtuous social trend across society. Third, it proposes to continue and develop the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists. The spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists is the spiritual expression of the Chinese Communists’ century-long history of struggle, prominently manifesting the Party’s firm convictions, fundamental purposes, and fine work style. It possesses unique advantages in shaping social behavior, guiding social trends, and educating social members. Xi Jinping pointed out in his report to the 20th National Congress of the CPC that it is necessary to “promote the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists, which originates from the great founding spirit of the Party.” The widespread promotion of the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists has gathered a powerful spiritual magnetic field across society, providing strong spiritual impetus for the great historical cause of building a strong country and rejuvenating the nation. In addition, Xi Jinping Thought on Culture has also put forward many original concepts such as the sense of community for the Chinese nation, the new form of human civilization, and the common values of all humanity, injecting a continuous stream of spiritual nourishment into the construction of the spiritual garden of the Chinese people in the New Era, and greatly enhancing the cohesion and guiding power of the ideological theory of the Communist Party of China in the New Era.

李大钊曾指出：“历史的道路，不全是坦平的，有时走到艰难险阻的境界。这是全靠雄健的精神才能够冲过去的。”新时代的中国，各种思想观念相互激荡、相互交融，既有精神文化繁荣兴盛的正向样态，也有错误思潮的影响和威胁。习近平文化思想立足实践之基、回答时代之问，提出了诸多提振中国人民精气神的原创性实践方略，在满足人民文化需求基础上极大地增强了人民的精神力量。一是提出要共筑中国梦，汇集中华民族团结奋斗的最大公约数。习近平指出：“实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦，是近代以来中华民族的夙愿。”中国梦概念的提出，不仅昭示着中华民族的共同夙愿，而且凝聚着中华民族的思想共识，释放出强大的号召力和感染力，激发了全国各族人民的创造热情和进取动力。二是提出要大力培育和践行社会主义核心价值观。社会主义核心价值观具有“凝聚人心、汇聚民力的强大力量”。党的十八大以来，党和国家坚持把社会主义核心价值观融入法治建设、融入社会发展、融入日常生活，使这一核心价值理念逐步内化为人们的精神追求，外化为人们的自觉行动，推动全社会形成欣欣向荣、向德向善的良好风尚。三是提出要赓续中国共产党人精神谱系。中国共产党人精神谱系是中国共产党人百余年奋斗史的精神表达，集中彰显了党的坚定信念、根本宗旨和优良作风，在形塑社会行为、引领社会风气、教化社会成员等方面具有独特优势。习近平在党的二十大报告中指出，要“弘扬以伟大建党精神为源头的中国共产党人精神谱系”。中国共产党人精神谱系的广泛弘扬在全社会汇聚起强大的精神磁场，为强国建设、民族复兴的历史伟业提供了强劲的精神动力。此外，习近平文化思想还提出了中华民族共同体意识、人类文明新形态、全人类共同价值等诸多原创性理念，为构筑新时代中国人民的精神园地注入了源源不断的精神养分，大大提升了新时代中国共产党意识形态理论的凝聚力和引领力。

3. The Power of Civilization: Building the Modern Civilization of the Chinese Nation

三、文明之力：建设中华民族现代文明

Classical Marxist writers examined civilization within the process of human historical evolution, believing that “civilization is a matter of practice,” a historical concept, and the crystallization of wisdom gathered by humanity in the process of understanding and transforming the world. The term “modern civilization of the Chinese nation” is a creative concept proposed by Xi Jinping

马克思主义经典作家将文明置于人类历史演进的过程中进行考察，认为“文明是实践的事情”，是一个历史性概念，是人类在认识世界和改造世界的过程中汇聚起的智慧结晶。“中华民族现代文明”一词是习近平基于新时代实践提出的创造性概念，是习近平文化思想的重大原创性贡献。纵观世界历史进程，每一“反映主导性物质关系的意识形态，总是蕴含着深切的文明渴望”。习近平文化思想遵从上述历史规律，在中华民族现代文明建构层面聚焦发力，提炼出新时代加快建设中华民族现代文明的“三大法宝”，即坚定文化自信、秉持开放包容、坚持守正创新，引领中华文明迈入现代化发展新阶段。

(1) Consolidating the psychological advantage of building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation through cultural confidence

（一）以文化自信夯实建设中华民族现代文明的心理优势

The completion of an epic cannot be separated from the power of culture; within an epic is contained the chapter of culture. “Every leap forward in human society and every sublimation of human civilization have been accompanied by the historic progress of culture.” [11]11 “Stones from other hills” (他山之石) is a classical Chinese allusion from the *Book of Songs* (《诗经》), meaning advice or resources from others that can be used to improve oneself. Fine traditional Chinese culture has a historical accumulation of more than 5,000 years. Over the long river of history, it has laid the civilizational foundation for the Chinese nation, provided spiritual guidance, and shaped the outstanding characteristics of Chinese civilization — continuity, innovation, unity, inclusiveness, and peacefulness. It has nourished the Chinese nation to form a distinctive national character that values benevolence, emphasizes the people, upholds good faith, esteems righteousness, advocates harmony, and seeks common ground. The richness and continuity of fine traditional Chinese culture are the unique advantages of the Chinese nation, providing a source of vitality for the innovation and development of Chinese civilization and determining that the Chinese nation has not only reason to be confident but also the foundation for

史诗之成，离不开文化之力；史诗之中，蕴含有文化之篇。“人类社会每一次跃进，人类文明每一次升华，无不伴随着文化的历史性进步”。中华优秀传统文化具有5000多年的历史积淀，在漫漫历史长河中为中华民族奠定了文明根基、提供了灵魂导引，塑造了中华文明连续性、创新性、统一性、包容性以及和平性的突出特性，滋养着中华民族形成了讲仁爱、重民本、守诚信、崇正义、尚和合、求大同的鲜明民族特质。中华优秀传统文化的厚重与绵延是中华民族的独特优势，为中华文明的创新与发展提供了源头活水，决定了中华民族不仅有理由自信，更有底气自信。习近平文化思想高度重视文化启智润心、培根铸魂的强大力量，提出文化自信的重大命题，将文化自信纳入到全党全国各族人民必须坚定的“四个自信”之中，强调“文化自信，是更基础、更广泛、更深厚的自信”。事实上，习近平文化思想的形成本身就是文化自信的有力体现和意识形态自信的充分彰显，在重塑中华文明自信方面展现出强大的现实性力量。当前，全党全国各族人民正勠力同心朝着中华民族伟大复兴的目标迈进，中华民族现代文明的建设前景一片光明，这不仅是因为中华民族现代文明相较于以往西方文明所推崇的“物的崇拜”，其关注的中心转向了“人的崇拜”，更是因为中国式现代化的推进和拓展，使我们具备了建设中华民族现代文明的能力与条件。此外，习近平文化思想从巩固文化主体性的角度强调人在文化实践过程中的能动状态，主张要让全体人民成为中华文明的主体，使中国人民实现精神上的独立自主。马克思曾指出：“整个所谓世界历史不外是人通过人的劳动而诞生的过程。”文化作为整个世界历史的重要一环，是人的劳动过程在观念层面的反映，自然也概莫能外。习近平文化思想承继马克思主义的文化理论，主张“让13亿人的每一分子都成为传播中华美德、中华文化的主体”，这为社会成员增强文化自信创造了契机、提供了条件，使文化自信深刻融入中华民族的血脉与基因，为加快建设中华民族现代文明夯实了群众基础，进一步增强了新时代中国共产党意识形态理论的自信自强。

(2) Shaping a Broad Vision for Building the Modern Civilization of the Chinese Nation through Openness and Inclusiveness

（二）以开放包容塑造建设中华民族现代文明的广阔视野

Xi Jinping’s cultural thought “is a constantly unfolding, open-ended ideological system,” guiding the construction of the modern civilization of the Chinese nation to stride forward along the path of openness and inclusiveness. On the one hand, it leads the modern civilization of the Chinese nation to inherit the inclusive character of Chinese civilization. Inclusiveness is the deepest cultural attitude and cultural quality of the Chinese nation, the core code that ensures the long-term flourishing and unbroken continuity of Chinese civilization. Xi Jinping pointed out at the Symposium on Cultural Inheritance and Development: “Chinese civilization has never replaced diverse cultures with a single culture; rather, it has gathered diverse cultures into a common culture, resolving conflicts and building consensus,” emphasizing: “The more inclusive it is, the more it gains recognition and protection, and the more it will continue without end.” In fact, the history of China is a history of civilizational development that has absorbed everything and drawn on the strengths of others. Over the millennia-long river of history, Chinese civilization actively integrated the civilizational advantages of various countries and ethnic groups, creating the great miracle of being unbroken for thousands of years and enduring despite repeated hardships, confirming what Xi Jinping said: “Exchange and mutual learning are the essential requirements of civilizational development. Only by exchanging and learning from other civilizations, drawing on each other’s strengths, can one maintain vigorous vitality.” From the long historical development process and profound cultural heritage of the Chinese nation, it can be seen that the unique geographical environment helped the Chinese nation form a mainstream culture with centripetal force and cohesion, and the long-term highly developed cultural environment helped form strong cultural determination and cultural confidence. The inclusive character displayed by Chinese civilization is precisely formed on the basis of this cultural subjectivity and cultural confidence. Xi Jinping’s cultural thought inherits the prominent inclusive character of Chinese civilization, contributing the wisdom and strength of inclusiveness and virtue to accelerating the construction of the modern civilization of the Chinese nation in the New Era, and strengthening the inclusiveness of the ideological theory of the Communist Party of China in the New Era. On the other hand, it leads the modern civilization of the Chinese nation to uphold an open-minded attitude. Openness is an important driving force for civilizational prosperity. Xi Jinping pointed out: “Chinese civilization is an open system formed through continuous exchange and mutual learning with other civilizations.” History and practice have also fully proven that “human civilization continuously advances through the exchange and integration of cultural diversity”; self-admiration and working behind closed doors will only narrow the path of civilizational development, while exchange, mutual learning, openness, and integration can promote the continuous progress of human civilization. Chinese civilization is a civilization that is good at learning and bold in borrowing. Xi Jinping has elucidated the Chinese view of civilization in the New Era on multiple occasions, emphasizing: “Civilizations communicate because of diversity, learn from each other because of communication, and develop because of mutual learning,” guiding the entire Party and the people of all ethnic groups in the country to establish a confident and open view of civilization. In the process of civilizational dialogue, Xi Jinping’s cultural thought insists on treating the excellent civilizations of all countries and ethnic groups with an open mind, rationally viewing the cultural value of “stones from other hills,”[11]11 “Stones from other hills” (他山之石) is a classical Chinese allusion from the *Book of Songs* (《诗经》), meaning advice or resources from others that can be used to improve oneself. actively promoting the transformation of Chinese civilization according to social conditions and cultural traditions, injecting new ideological elements into the flourishing garden of world civilizations, and enhancing the international communication power and global influence of the ideological theory of the Communist Party of China in the New Era.

习近平文化思想“是一个不断展开的、开放式的思想体系”，指引中华民族现代文明建设沿着开放包容的方向阔步前行。一方面，引领中华民族现代文明承继中华文明的包容性特质。包容性是中华民族最深层的文化态度和文化品质，是确保中华文明长盛不衰、绵延不绝的核心密码。习近平在文化传承发展座谈会上指出：“中华文明从来不用单一文化代替多元文化，而是由多元文化汇聚成共同文化，化解冲突，凝聚共识”，强调：“越包容，就越是得到认同和维护，就越会绵延不断”。事实上，一部中国史，就是一部兼收并蓄、博采众长的文明发展史。中华文明在数千年的历史长河中积极融通各国家和民族的文明优势，创造了历经数千年而绵延不绝、迭遭忧患而经久不衰的伟大奇迹，印证了习近平所说的：“交流互鉴是文明发展的本质要求。只有同其他文明交流互鉴、取长补短，才能保持旺盛生命活力”。从中华民族悠久的历史发展进程和厚重的文化底蕴中可以发现，独特的地理环境有助于中华民族形成具有向心力和凝聚力的主体文化，长期高度发达的文化环境有助于形成强大的文化定力和文化自信，中华文明展现出的包容性特质正是基于这种文化主体性和文化自信而形成的。习近平文化思想继承中华文明突出的包容性特质，为新时代加快建设中华民族现代化文明贡献了兼容并包、厚德载物的智慧与力量，强化了新时代中国共产党意识形态理论的包容性。另一方面，引领中华民族现代文明秉持开放的胸怀。开放是文明繁荣的重要动力。习近平指出：“中华文明是在同其他文明不断交流互鉴中形成的开放体系。”历史和实践也充分证明，“人类文明正是在文化多样性的交流、融汇中不断前进”，孤芳自赏、闭门造车只会让文明发展之路越走越窄，交流互鉴、开放融通才能推动人类文明不断进步。中华文明是善于学习、勇于拿来的文明。习近平在多个场合阐明了新时代中国的文明观，强调：“文明因多样而交流，因交流而互鉴，因互鉴而发展”，引导全党全国各族人民树立起了自信开放的文明观。在文明对话过程中，习近平文化思想坚持以开放的胸怀对待世界各国和各民族的优秀文明，理性看待“他山之石”的文化价值，积极推动中华文明根据社会条件和文化传统完成时代转型，为繁荣世界文明百花园注入新的思想元素，增强了新时代中国共产党意识形态理论的国际传播力和世界影响力。

(3) Writing a Glorious Chapter in Building the Modern Civilization of the Chinese Nation through Upholding Fundamental Principles and Breaking New Ground

（三）以守正创新书写建设中华民族现代文明的辉煌篇章

“Only with deep roots can the foliage flourish; only with a solid foundation can the branches thrive.” [12]12 A classical Chinese saying, originally from the Zuo Zhuan (Zuo’s Commentary on the Spring and Autumn Annals), used here as a metaphor for the relationship between foundational principles and development. Upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground (守正创新) is the theoretical character of Marxism and the scientific attitude consistently upheld by Chinese Communists in their theoretical and practical innovations. Xi Jinping pointed out: “Only by upholding fundamental principles can we avoid losing our direction and committing subversive errors; only by breaking new ground can we grasp the times and lead the times.” [13]13 Xi Jinping, speech at the opening ceremony of the training session for leading cadres at the provincial and ministerial levels, January 2023. Xi Jinping’s cultural thought not only contains the theoretical tension to ensure the continuous transmission of Chinese civilization, but also embodies the value consciousness that promotes two-way interactive innovation between Chinese civilization and human civilization, possessing the inherent requirement of constructing the modern civilization of the Chinese nation in the posture of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground. On the one hand, it inherits and continues Chinese civilization. The modern civilization of the Chinese nation is the modern form of Chinese civilization, and Chinese civilization is the historical foundation of the modern civilization of the Chinese nation. “The Chinese nation is a nation with extraordinary creativity,” [14]14 Xi Jinping, speech at the opening ceremony of the 2014 National Congress of the Chinese Federation of Literary and Art Circles and the 9th National Congress of the Chinese Writers Association. having created a great Chinese civilization through more than 5,000 years of exploration and practice. Chinese culture is extensive, profound, and has a long history, successively producing great thinkers such as Confucius, Laozi, Zhuangzi, and Mencius, and creating cultural treasures such as the Book of Songs, the Songs of Chu, Han prose, Tang poetry, Song lyrics, Yuan opera, and Ming and Qing novels. These are all precious assets of the Chinese nation and human society, providing deep-level spiritual strength for the endless continuity and development of the Chinese nation. Xi Jinping’s cultural thought is based on the “spiritual foundation” of fine traditional Chinese culture, deeply excavates and elucidates the contemporary value of fine traditional Chinese culture, actively refines the spiritual symbols and cultural essence of Chinese civilization, helps Chinese civilization radiate vitality and regain glory, opens up the cultural roots for building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation in the New Era, and consolidates the civilizational foundation of the Chinese Communist Party’s ideological theory in the New Era. On the other hand, it innovates and develops Chinese civilization. Innovation is the essential characteristic and vitality of culture, and an important factor affecting the effectiveness of building the modern civilization of the Chinese nation. Chinese civilization has the distinct quality of discarding the old and introducing the new, and shining with renewed brilliance, continuously innovating and developing with the changes of the times. The modern civilization of the Chinese nation is a modern civilization that meets the requirements of the times and has modern characteristics, and it must inevitably be constructed through a continuous process of innovation and development. Mao Zedong, based on the realities of the New Democratic Revolution and socialist revolution and construction, put forward the basic principle of “making the past serve the present and foreign things serve China” for treating traditional Chinese culture. In the New Era, facing new historical practices, Xi Jinping put forward the requirements for the creative transformation and innovative development of fine traditional Chinese culture, emphasizing the need to “let Chinese civilization radiate new vigorous vitality in the process of modernization.” [15]15 Xi Jinping, speech at the opening ceremony of the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, May 2017. Xi Jinping’s cultural thought adheres to the path of civilizational development of the Two Integrations, uses the truth of Marxism to activate the genes of Chinese civilization, insists on making the past serve the present, making foreign things serve China, making dialectical choices, and discarding the old for the new, promotes the deep interaction and orderly connection between Chinese civilization and the practice of modernization, and guides Chinese civilization to gradually evolve into the essence of the spirit of the times, rich in historical heritage and highlighting the characteristics of the times, thereby making greater contributions to the progress of human civilization and seeking greater development for the ideological theory of the Chinese Communist Party in the New Era.

“根深才能叶茂，本固方可枝荣。”守正创新是马克思主义的理论品格，是中国共产党人进行理论创新和实践创新始终坚持的科学态度。习近平指出：“守正才能不迷失方向、不犯颠覆性错误，创新才能把握时代、引领时代。”习近平文化思想既蕴含确保中华文明绵延赓续的理论张力，也蕴含促成中华文明与人类文明双向互动创新的价值自觉，具有以守正创新的姿态建构中华民族现代文明的内在要求。一方面，传承与赓续中华文明。中华民族现代文明是中华文明的现代形态，中华文明是中华民族现代文明的历史根基。“中华民族是具有非凡创造力的民族”，在5000多年的探索与实践中创造了伟大的中华文明。中华文化博大精深、源远流长，先后涌现出孔子、老子、庄子、孟子等思想巨匠，创造出诗经、楚辞、汉赋、唐诗、宋词、元曲、明清小说等文化瑰宝，这些都是中华民族和人类社会的宝贵财富，为中华民族生生不息、发展壮大提供了深层次的精神力量。习近平文化思想立足中华优秀传统文化的“精神底座”，深入挖掘和阐发中华优秀传统文化的时代价值，主动提炼中华文明的精神标识和文化精髓，助力中华文明焕发活力、重铸辉煌，打通了新时代建设中华民族现代文明的文化根脉，夯实了新时代中国共产党意识形态理论的文明根基。另一方面，创新与发展中华文明。创新是文化的本质特征和生命力所在，是关乎中华民族现代文明建设成效的重要因素。中华文明具有革故鼎新、辉光日新的鲜明特质，随着时代变化不断创新发展。中华民族现代文明是符合时代要求，具有现代化特征的现代文明，必然要在不断创新发展的过程中完成建构。毛泽东立足新民主主义革命与社会主义革命和建设实际，提出了对待中华传统文化要坚持“古为今用，洋为中用”、的基本原则。新时代，习近平面对新的历史性实践，对中华优秀传统文化提出了创造性转化与创新性发展的要求，强调要“让中华文明在现代化进程中焕发出新的蓬勃生机”。习近平文化思想坚持“两个结合”的文明发展之路，用马克思主义的真理之光去激活中华文明的基因，坚持古为今用、洋为中用、辩证取舍、推陈出新，推动中华文明同现代化实践完成深度交互和有序对接，引领中华文明逐步演化为饱含历史底蕴、凸显时代特色的时代精神精华，从而为人类文明进步作出更大贡献、为新时代中国共产党意识形态理论谋求更大发展。

Conclusion

结语

At present, the world is undergoing changes unseen in a century. Competition among countries is not only a contest in the economic and military fields, but also a confrontation in the cultural and ideological fields. For socialist China, Western countries spare no effort to slander the communist ideal, defame Marxist theory, and smear the Chinese Communist Party, causing our country’s ideological field to face enormous risks and challenges. As the cultural view of the Chinese Communist Party in the New Era, Xi Jinping’s cultural thought enriches the cultural chapters and cultural factors in the ideological theory of the Chinese Communist Party in the New Era, providing scientific ideological guidance for socialist China to strengthen itself and grasp the initiative in the complex and ever-changing ideological field. On the new journey to achieve the second centenary goal, [16]16 The second centenary goal refers to building China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful by the middle of the 21st century, the centenary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China. we must take Xi Jinping’s cultural thought as the guide, grasp and leverage the ideological power contained in Xi Jinping’s cultural thought from the three aspects of thought, spirit, and civilization, thereby consolidating the ideological foundation for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and injecting continuous cultural momentum and ideological power into accelerating the construction of the modern civilization of the Chinese nation and forging new brilliance in Chinese culture.

当前，世界正经历百年未有之大变局，各国之间的竞争不仅仅是经济和军事领域的较量，还有文化和意识形态领域的交锋。对于社会主义中国而言，西方国家不遗余力地污蔑共产主义理想、诋毁马克思主义理论、抹黑中国共产党，致使我国意识形态领域面临着巨大的风险和挑战。习近平文化思想作为新时代中国共产党的文化观，充实了新时代中国共产党意识形态理论中的文化篇章与文化因素，为社会主义中国在纷繁复杂的意识形态领域中坚定自我、把握主动提供了科学思想指导。在实现第二个百年奋斗目标的新征程上，我们必须要以习近平文化思想为引领，从思想、精神、文明3个方面把握和发挥好习近平文化思想所蕴含的意识形态力量，从而铸牢中华民族伟大复兴的意识形态根基，为加快建设中华民族现代文明、铸就中华文化新辉煌注入源源不断的文化动能和意识形态力量。

Authors: Liang Dawei, Professor and Doctoral Supervisor, School of Marxism, Dalian University of Technology; Wang Zhuo, Doctoral Candidate, School of Marxism, Dalian University of Technology

作者：梁大伟，大连理工大学马克思主义学院教授、博士生导师 王倬，大连理工大学马克思主义学院博士研究生

Online Editor: Jin Qiu

网络编辑：金秋