The Milestone Significance and Innovative Achievements of Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform

“The real content of all epoch-making systems arises from the needs of the era that produces them.” The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC, at a critical juncture in comprehensively advancing the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation, closely centered on the theme of advancing Chinese-path modernization, focused on the epochal demands and practical needs of the “six imperatives” and the “four urgent necessities,”[1]1 The “six imperatives” and “four urgent necessities” refer to the justifications for further comprehensively deepening reform outlined in the Party Central Committee’s explanatory document for the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee. The six imperatives are: the imperative to uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics, to implement the overall plan for the New Era, to meet the people’s new expectations for a better life, to respond to risks and challenges, to promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, and to solve the major practical problems facing the Party. The four urgent necessities are: the urgent need to break through institutional obstacles, to adapt to the principal contradiction, to respond to the changes unseen in a century, and to advance the Party’s self-revolution. and made systematic and strategic arrangements for further comprehensively deepening reform on the new journey of the New Era. It achieved extremely important practical, theoretical, and institutional results. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “This is both a practical continuation of the comprehensive deepening of reform since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee and a new chapter of the era in advancing Chinese-path modernization on the new journey.” The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee holds a landmark milestone significance in the history of China’s reform and opening up and the history of the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

“一切划时代的体系的真正的内容都是由于产生这些体系的那个时期的需要而形成起来的。”党的二十届三中全会在全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业的关键时期，紧紧围绕推进中国式现代化这个主题，着眼于“六个必然要求”和“四个迫切需要”的时代要求和现实需要，对新时代新征程上进一步全面深化改革作出系统性战略性部署，取得了极为重要的实践成果、理论成果和制度成果。习近平总书记指出：“这既是党的十八届三中全会以来全面深化改革的实践续篇，也是新征程推进中国式现代化的时代新篇。”党的二十届三中全会在我国改革开放史和中国特色社会主义发展史上具有标志性的里程碑意义。

New Stage of Reform and Milestone Significance

改革新阶段和里程碑意义

The process of historical development is a unity of inheritance and innovation, continuity and stages, quantitative accumulation and qualitative breakthroughs. Reviewing the magnificent course of China’s reform and development over more than 40 years, we can more deeply and clearly comprehend this truth. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee reaffirmed a major thesis: “The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee was epoch-making, ushering in a new period of reform and opening up and socialist modernization. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee was also epoch-making, launching a new journey of comprehensively deepening reform in the New Era, systematically designing and promoting reform as a whole, and creating an entirely new situation for China’s reform and opening up.”[2]2 This is a direct quotation from the “Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform to Advance Chinese-Path Modernization” adopted at the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee. Chinese-path modernization advances continuously through reform and opening up, and will inevitably open broad prospects through reform and opening up. From the perspective of the historical process of reform and opening up, the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee has landmark milestone significance, inaugurating a new stage of advancing Chinese-path modernization through further comprehensively deepening reform, and opening up new prospects for Chinese-path modernization. The three plenary sessions, at different historical periods in the great journey of over 40 years of reform and development, clearly answered the major questions of “what flag to hold, what path to take” and “what reform is, how to carry out reform,” all possessing landmark, pioneering, and guiding significance. Under the guidance of correct reform theories, lines, principles, and policies, our Party has led the entire Party and the people of the whole country to continuously advance the great revolution of reform and opening up, continuously promote the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics from opening a new period to entering a new century, from standing at a new starting point to entering a New Era. The Chinese nation has ushered in a great leap from standing up and growing rich to becoming strong, and a great leap from catching up with the times to leading the times.

历史发展进程是继承性与创新性、连续性与阶段性、量变积累与质变突破的统一。回顾我国40多年波澜壮阔的改革发展历程，我们更加深刻清晰地领悟到这个道理。党的二十届三中全会重申了一个重大论断：“党的十一届三中全会是划时代的，开启了改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期。党的十八届三中全会也是划时代的，开启了新时代全面深化改革、系统整体设计推进改革新征程，开创了我国改革开放全新局面。”中国式现代化是在改革开放中不断前进的，也必将在改革开放中开辟广阔前景。从改革开放历史进程来看，党的二十届三中全会具有标志性的里程碑意义，开启了以进一步全面深化改革推进中国式现代化的新阶段，开辟了中国式现代化的新前景。三次三中全会，在40多年改革发展的伟大征程上的不同历史时期，明确回答了“举什么旗、走什么路”“什么是改革、怎样进行改革”的重大问题，都具有标志性、开创性、引领性意义。在正确的改革理论路线和方针政策指引下，我们党带领全党全国人民接续推进改革开放这场伟大革命，持续推进中国特色社会主义伟大事业从开启新时期到跨入新世纪、从站上新起点到进入新时代，中华民族迎来了从站起来、富起来到强起来的伟大飞跃，迎来了从赶上时代到引领时代的伟大跨越。

Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a New Era. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee systematically deployed comprehensive deepening of reform. This was both an inheritance and continuation of the reform cause from the new period of reform and opening up, and a re-planning and systematic promotion of the reform cause in the New Era. The progression from “reform” to “comprehensive deepening of reform” to “further comprehensively deepening reform” is an inevitable requirement of the changing development of the times and practice, and also the historical initiative and sense of responsibility of our Party to actively respond to changes and proactively seek change. Looking at the entire historical process of comprehensive deepening of reform since the New Era, we can clearly see: the direction and stance have been consistently upheld, the theme has been consistently carried forward, and the overall goal has been consistently adhered to. At the same time, the tasks of reform have become more arduous, the intensity of promotion has continuously increased, the central tasks have progressively advanced and upgraded, the scope covered has become broader, the systemic nature, holistic nature, and synergy have continuously strengthened, various systems have become more mature and well-defined, institutional mechanisms have been continuously improved, the advantages of the system have been fully leveraged, the effectiveness of reform has become increasingly evident, and many fields have achieved historic transformations, systemic reshapings, and holistic reconstructions. The comprehensive deepening of reform in the New Era is all-round, deep-level, and fundamental; the achievements made are historic, revolutionary, and pioneering. Reform practice has fully proven: the “important magic weapon”[3]3 “Important magic weapon” (重要法宝) is a standard Party formulation for reform and opening up, originating from Deng Xiaoping’s characterization of it as a crucial means to achieve socialist modernization. has been better utilized, and the “key move”[4]4 “Key move” (关键一招) is a standard Party formulation for reform and opening up, emphasizing its decisive role in China’s development. has become even more crucial.

党的十八大以来，中国特色社会主义进入新时代。党的十八届三中全会系统部署全面深化改革，这既是对改革开放新时期改革事业的承继接续，又是在新时代对改革事业的重新谋划和系统推进。从“改革”到“全面深化改革”再到“进一步全面深化改革”，是时代和实践变化发展的必然要求，也是我们党积极应变、主动求变的历史主动和责任担当。纵观新时代以来全面深化改革历史进程，我们清晰地看到：方向立场一直坚守，主题一脉相承，总目标一以贯之。与此同时，改革任务更加艰巨，推进力度持续加大，中心任务递进升级，涵盖领域更加广泛，系统性整体性协同性不断增强，各方面制度更加成熟定型，体制机制不断完善，制度优势充分发挥，改革成效日益显现，许多领域实现了历史性变革、系统性重塑、整体性重构。新时代全面深化改革是全方位、深层次、根本性的，取得的成就是历史性、革命性、开创性的。改革实践充分证明：“重要法宝”运用更好，“关键一招”更加关键。

General Secretary Xi Jinping has repeatedly emphasized, “Practice development has no end, ideological emancipation has no end, and reform and opening up also have no end. Reform and opening up is always ongoing, never completed. This is the attitude of historical materialism.” The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee, based on the Party’s mission tasks and strategic arrangements on the new journey of the New Era, has made systematic arrangements for further comprehensively deepening reform and advancing Chinese-path modernization. It adapts to the primary task of the New Era of promoting high-quality development, adapts to the new requirements of developing new quality productive forces, and adapts to the new offensive to eliminate ideological concepts and institutional drawbacks hindering the smooth advancement of Chinese-path modernization, and to crack deep-seated institutional obstacles and structural contradictions. Through fundamental, overall, all-round, and deep-level reforms, it promotes better alignment between relations of production and productive forces, between superstructure and economic base, and between national governance and social development, providing strong impetus and institutional guarantees for Chinese-path modernization. In this sense, the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee will inevitably, like the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee and the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee, be recorded in the history of China’s reform and opening up and the history of the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics for its breakthrough progress, innovative achievements, milestone significance, and historic contributions.

习近平总书记反复强调，“实践发展永无止境，解放思想永无止境，改革开放也永无止境，改革开放只有进行时、没有完成时。这是历史唯物主义态度”。党的二十届三中全会根据党在新时代新征程的使命任务和战略安排，对进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化作出系统部署，适应推动高质量发展这个新时代的首要任务，适应发展新质生产力的新要求，适应破除妨碍推进中国式现代化的思想观念和体制机制弊端、破解深层次体制机制障碍和结构性矛盾的新攻坚，通过根本性、全局性、全方位、深层次的改革，推动生产关系和生产力、上层建筑和经济基础、国家治理和社会发展更好相适应，为中国式现代化提供强大动力和制度保障。从这个意义上说，党的二十届三中全会也必将与十一届三中全会、十八届三中全会一样，以其突破性进展、创新性成果、里程碑意义、历史性贡献，载入我国改革开放史、中国特色社会主义发展史。

New Reform Layout and Pioneering Practical Significance

改革新布局和开拓性实践意义

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: “China’s modernization is unique, unprecedented, and magnificently great.” The 20th National Congress of the CPC established the central task of comprehensively advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee emphasized that advancing Chinese-path modernization is an entirely new undertaking, and the road ahead will inevitably encounter various contradictions and risks and challenges. Precisely because the undertaking is great and the tasks are arduous, we must continuously deepen reform to provide a continuous source of momentum and vitality, and strong institutional guarantees for comprehensively advancing the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation through Chinese-path modernization. Reform and opening up is the key move that determines the fate of contemporary China, and also the key move that determines the success or failure of Chinese-path modernization. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: “We must conform to the new trends of the times, the new requirements of practical development, and the new expectations of the people. With the firm determination to carry reform through to the end, we must take real action, dare to tackle tough issues, make precise, coordinated, and sustained efforts, and resolutely eliminate all institutional obstacles that constrain the smooth advancement of Chinese-path modernization.” The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee, at the critical juncture of comprehensively advancing Chinese-path modernization, anchors the overall goal of comprehensively deepening reform, closely follows the theme of Chinese-path modernization, adheres to the combination of goal orientation and problem orientation, targets problems and reforms accordingly, strives to crack deep-seated institutional obstacles and structural contradictions, further liberates and develops social productive forces, stimulates and enhances social vitality, effectively defuses major risks and challenges on the road ahead, and continuously injects strong momentum and provides solid institutional guarantees for Chinese-path modernization. Only in this way can the strategic deployments made by the 20th National Congress be implemented, and the blueprint of Chinese-path modernization be turned into reality. It can be said that the strategic deployments of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee come at the right time, follow the right trend, and meet expectations, with profound and far-reaching significance.

习近平总书记指出：“中国现代化是绝无仅有、史无前例、空前伟大的。”党的二十大确立了以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴的中心任务。党的二十届三中全会强调，推进中国式现代化是一项全新的事业，前进道路上必然会遇到各种矛盾和风险挑战。惟其事业伟大、任务艰巨，就必须不断深化改革，为以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业提供源源不断的动力活力、坚强有力的制度保障。改革开放是决定当代中国命运的关键一招，也是决定中国式现代化成败的关键一招。习近平总书记强调：“我们要顺应时代发展新趋势、实践发展新要求、人民群众新期待，以改革到底的坚强决心，动真格、敢碰硬，精准发力、协同发力、持续发力，坚决破除一切制约中国式现代化顺利推进的体制机制障碍。”党的二十届三中全会在全面推进中国式现代化的关键时期，锚定全面深化改革总目标，紧扣中国式现代化这个主题，坚持目标导向和问题导向相结合，奔着问题去、盯着问题改，着力破解深层次体制机制障碍和结构性矛盾，进一步解放和发展社会生产力、激发和增强社会活力，有效化解前进道路上的重大风险挑战，不断为中国式现代化注入强劲动力、提供有力制度保障。唯有如此，才能把党的二十大作出的战略部署落到实处，把中国式现代化蓝图变成现实。可以说，党的二十届三中全会的战略部署，正适其时，正顺其势，正应期盼，意义重大而深远。

General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out: “Planning and deploying reform around the Party’s central tasks is a successful experience of the Party’s leadership in reform and opening up.” When the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the CPC [5]5 The Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the CPC, held in November 2013, launched the comprehensive deepening of reform in the New Era. launched comprehensively deepening reform in the New Era, the entire Party and the whole country focused on the “two centenary goals” [6]6 The “two centenary goals” are: (1) completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the centenary of the CPC in 2021; (2) building China into a great modern socialist country by the centenary of the People’s Republic of China in 2049. of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects and achieving socialist modernization. Under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee, and through the unremitting efforts of the entire Party and the people of the whole country, the first centenary goal has been successfully achieved, the reform tasks set by the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee have been generally completed, many long-standing problems that were difficult to solve have been resolved, many major tasks that were previously desired but unaccomplished have been accomplished, and comprehensively deepening reform has achieved historic and great successes. As General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out: “Looking back on the reform work of these years, the series of innovative theories we have put forward, the series of major measures we have adopted, and the series of major breakthroughs we have achieved are all revolutionary, opening up a new situation in which reform and opening up have driven historic achievements and historic transformations in the various undertakings of the Party and the state.” Since the 20th National Congress of the CPC, the central task of our Party has been to unite and lead the people of all ethnic groups across the country to comprehensively build a great modern socialist country and achieve the second centenary goal. From achieving the first centenary goal to striving to achieve the second centenary goal on the new journey, we face new situations, new tasks, and new requirements. On the new journey of the New Era, to open up new prospects for Chinese-path modernization, we must still rely on reform and opening up, promoting greater breakthroughs and greater achievements in reform in the new stage of development. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC [7]7 The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC, held in July 2024, focused on further comprehensively deepening reform to advance Chinese-path modernization. grasps the new situation, bases itself on the new journey, focuses on new development, and lays out new reforms. Centering on the central task of comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-path modernization, it has achieved an “upgrade” of the goals, an “upgrade” of the development tasks, and an “upgrade” of the reform deployment. A series of major reform measures, taking economic system reform as the lead, taking promoting social fairness and justice and increasing the well-being of the people as the starting point and ultimate goal, adapting to the needs of advancing Chinese-path modernization, responding to the expectations of the people and social anticipation, focus on improving institutions and removing institutional and mechanistic obstacles, place greater emphasis on systemic integration, on highlighting key points, and on reform effectiveness, are both grounded in the present and oriented toward the long term, constructing a panoramic view of further comprehensively deepening reform. This marks that the great practice of comprehensively deepening reform has stood at a new starting point, entered a new stage, and opened up new prospects, initiating another great transformation of milestone significance in the history of the development of the Party and the state.

习近平总书记指出：“围绕党的中心任务谋划和部署改革，是党领导改革开放的成功经验。”党的十八届三中全会启动新时代全面深化改革时，全党全国聚焦全面建成小康社会、实现社会主义现代化“两个一百年”奋斗目标。在党中央坚强领导下，经过全党全国人民的不懈奋斗，第一个百年奋斗目标已圆满实现，已总体完成党的十八届三中全会确定的改革任务，解决了许多长期想解决而没有解决的难题，办成了许多过去想办而没有办成的大事，全面深化改革取得历史性伟大成就。正如习近平总书记指出的：“回顾这些年改革工作，我们提出的一系列创新理论、采取的一系列重大举措、取得的一系列重大突破，都是革命性的，开创了以改革开放推动党和国家各项事业取得历史性成就、发生历史性变革的新局面。”从党的二十大起，我们党的中心任务就是团结带领全国各族人民全面建成社会主义现代化强国、实现第二个百年奋斗目标。从实现第一个百年奋斗目标到新征程上奋力实现第二个百年奋斗目标，面临着新形势新任务新要求。新时代新征程上，要开创中国式现代化建设新局面，仍然要靠改革开放，推动新发展阶段改革取得更大突破、展现更大作为。党的二十届三中全会把握新形势、立足新征程、着眼新发展、布局新改革，围绕以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业这一中心任务，实现了奋斗目标“升级”、发展任务“升级”、改革部署“升级”。一系列重大改革举措，以经济体制改革为牵引，以促进社会公平正义、增加人民福祉为出发点和落脚点，适应推进中国式现代化所需，顺应人民群众期待和社会预期，着力健全制度、破除体制机制障碍，更加注重系统集成、更加注重突出重点、更加注重改革实效，既立足当下又着眼长远，构筑了进一步全面深化改革的全景图，标志着全面深化改革伟大实践站上新起点、进入新阶段、开辟新前景，开启了党和国家发展史上又一次具有里程碑意义的伟大变革。

New Development of Thought and Innovative Theoretical Significance

思想新发展和创新性理论意义

Since the New Era, the practical innovation of Chinese-path modernization and the Party’s theoretical innovation have interacted and advanced together, and the pace of both practical innovation and theoretical innovation has greatly accelerated. General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized, “Deepen the understanding of the laws of the Party’s theoretical innovation, further clarify the orientation, direction, and methods of theoretical innovation, and achieve more fruitful theoretical innovation results on the new journey of the New Era,” and “As the deepening of practical progress, the Party’s theoretical innovation achievements will become increasingly rich.” Comprehensively deepening reform in the New Era is fundamental and holistic, and it is an important orientation and important domain of the Party’s theoretical innovation. With the in-depth advancement of comprehensively deepening reform, our Party’s theory on reform and its theory on Chinese-path modernization construction have been continuously enriched and developed. This is centrally embodied in General Secretary Xi Jinping’s series of new ideas, new viewpoints, and new judgments on comprehensively deepening reform, and is an important manifestation of the enrichment and development of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. The “Decision” of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC [8]8 The “Decision” refers to the “Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform to Advance Chinese-Style Modernization,” adopted at the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee. both adheres to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and runs through General Secretary Xi Jinping’s series of new ideas, new viewpoints, and new judgments on comprehensively deepening reform. It is a profound summary of our Party’s more than 40 years of experience in reform and opening up, especially a new crystallization of the experience of comprehensively deepening reform over the past decade or more in the New Era. It has deepened the understanding of the laws of socialist reform and development and the laws of Chinese-path modernization construction from a new perspective, greatly enriched and developed Marxist reform theory, and is a scientific guide for advancing Chinese-path modernization through further comprehensively deepening reform on the new journey.

新时代以来，中国式现代化的实践创新与党的理论创新互动共进，实践创新与理论创新的步伐都大大加快了。习近平总书记强调，“深化对党的理论创新的规律性认识，进一步明确理论创新的方位、方向、方法，在新时代新征程上取得更为丰硕的理论创新成果”，“随着实践进程的深化，党的理论创新成果会越来越丰富”。新时代全面深化改革是根本性、全局性的，是党的理论创新的重要方位和重要领域。随着全面深化改革的深入推进，我们党关于改革的理论、关于中国式现代化建设的理论在不断丰富发展，这集中体现在习近平总书记关于全面深化改革的一系列新思想、新观点、新论断中，是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想丰富发展的重要体现。党的二十届三中全会《决定》既坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，又贯穿着习近平总书记关于全面深化改革的一系列新思想、新观点、新论断，是我们党40多年改革开放经验的深刻总结，特别是新时代10多年来全面深化改革经验新的结晶，以全新视野深化了对社会主义改革发展规律和中国式现代化建设规律的认识，极大丰富和发展了马克思主义改革理论，是指导新征程上以进一步全面深化改革推进中国式现代化的科学指南。

General Secretary Xi Jinping’s series of new ideas, new viewpoints, and new judgments on comprehensively deepening reform constitute a scientific system with rich connotations, rigorous logic, and systematic completeness. This important thought scientifically answers, from the combination of theory and practice, the major epochal question of “why comprehensively deepen reform and how to comprehensively deepen reform” in the New Era. It profoundly elucidates a series of fundamental issues, including the major significance, fundamental direction, value orientation, major principles, and basic experience of comprehensively deepening reform in the New Era, as well as the overall goal, overall layout, major tasks, scientific methods, and fundamental guarantee of reform. It systematically expounds the strategic tasks and important measures for reform, taking economic system reform as the lead, including reforms in the fields of education, science and technology, talent, politics, rule of law, culture, society, ecology, national security, national defense and military construction, and Party building. This important thought is an important component of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, constituting the “reform chapter” of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.

习近平总书记关于全面深化改革的一系列新思想、新观点、新论断，是内涵丰富、逻辑严密、系统完整的科学体系。这一重要思想从理论与实践的结合上科学回答了新时代“为什么要全面深化改革、怎样进行全面深化改革”这个重大时代课题，深刻阐明了新时代全面深化改革的重大意义、根本方向、价值取向、重大原则、基本经验，以及改革的总目标、总布局、重大任务、科学方法和根本保证等一系列基本问题，系统阐明了以经济体制改革为牵引，包括教育科技人才、政治、法治、文化、社会、生态、国家安全、国防军队建设和党的建设领域改革的战略任务与重要举措。这一重要思想是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的重要组成部分，构成了习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的“改革篇”。

A series of new ideas, new viewpoints, and new conclusions by General Secretary Xi Jinping on comprehensively deepening reform apply the basic principles of Marxism and its worldview and methodology to analyze and study the major issues of reform and development in the New Era. They contain extremely rich original, principled, and fundamental content, as well as a series of practical, policy-oriented, and specific content. They represent an organic integration of theory and practice, strategy and tactics, and direction and method, providing both a "panoramic view" of comprehensively deepening reform and a "roadmap" for advancing reform. For example: it is proposed that reform and opening up is a crucial move that determines the fate of contemporary China, and also a crucial move that determines the success or failure of Chinese-path modernization; reform and opening up has no end point, only a continuous process. It is proposed that the overall goal of comprehensively deepening reform is to improve and develop the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics and to modernize the national governance system and governance capacity. It is proposed that the correct direction of reform must be upheld, adhering to upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground; there must be both a strong resolve to keep the path unchanged and the will unswerving, upholding the Four Cardinal Principles [9] and firmly maintaining the Four Confidences [10], and also the courage and boldness to innovate and tackle difficulties, driving reform to continuously achieve new breakthroughs; neither the old path of closed-door rigidity nor the evil path of changing the banner [11] can be taken. It is proposed that the people-centered reform purpose must be upheld; reform is meaningful only when it is for the people, and reform has momentum only when it relies on the people; the principal position and pioneering spirit of the people must be respected; wherever the people call for reform, reform should respond, so that the fruits of reform benefit all people more fairly and extensively. It is proposed that reform should be planned and deployed around the Party's central tasks; further comprehensively deepening reform must be carried out closely around the theme of advancing Chinese-path modernization. It is proposed that a problem-oriented approach must be upheld, targeting problems and focusing on solving them, striving to resolve the major institutional and mechanistic issues that need to be cracked in advancing Chinese-path modernization. It is proposed that the unity of key reforms and comprehensive reforms must be upheld, with economic system reform as the focus, leveraging its driving role, while simultaneously coordinating and planning reforms in the fields of education, science and technology, talent, politics, rule of law, culture, society, ecology, national security, national defense and military construction, and Party building. It is proposed that a systematic approach must be upheld, balancing and dialectically implementing policies, properly handling major relationships such as between economy and society, government and market, efficiency and fairness, vitality and order, and development and security, enhancing the systemic, holistic, and coordinated nature of reform. It is proposed that institutional building must be taken as the main line, strengthening top-level design and overall planning, simultaneously breaking down and establishing, establishing before breaking, consolidating fundamental systems, improving basic systems, and innovating important systems. It is proposed that legal thinking and legal methods must be used to crack reform difficulties, achieving the unity of reform and rule of law; major reforms should have a legal basis, and reform achievements should be promptly elevated into legal systems. It is proposed that opening up should be used to promote reform and development, coordinating the advancement of deep-level reform and high-level opening up. It is proposed that the Party's leadership over reform must be strengthened, upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee; this is the fundamental guarantee for ensuring that reform always advances in the correct political direction. It is proposed that the spirit of driving the nail [12] must be used to ensure the implementation of reform, strengthening reform responsibility, maintaining reform momentum, enhancing reform resilience, improving reform capabilities, becoming promoters and doers of reform, striving to achieve tangible reform results, and testing reform by actual performance, effectiveness, and the satisfaction of the people; and so on. This series of new ideas, new viewpoints, and new conclusions has achieved major breakthroughs, major innovations, and major developments in theory, marking that our Party's understanding of the laws of socialist reform and development and the laws of Chinese-path modernization construction has reached an unprecedented theoretical and historical height, providing scientific theoretical guidance for further comprehensively deepening reform and advancing Chinese-path modernization on the new journey.

习近平总书记关于全面深化改革的一系列新思想、新观点、新论断，运用马克思主义基本原理和世界观方法论分析研究新时代改革发展的重大问题，包含着极为丰富的原创性、原理性、原则性内容，也包括一系列现实性、政策性、具体性内容，是理论与实践、战略与战术、方向与方法的有机结合，既提供了全面深化改革的“全景图”，也指明了推进改革的“路线图”。比如，提出改革开放是决定当代中国命运的关键一招，也是决定中国式现代化成败的关键一招，改革开放只有进行时、没有完成时；提出全面深化改革的总目标，即完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度，推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化；提出必须坚持正确改革方向，坚持守正创新，既要有道不变、志不改的强大定力，坚持四项基本原则、坚定“四个自信”不动摇，又要有敢创新、勇攻坚的锐气胆魄，推动改革不断取得新突破，既不能走封闭僵化的老路，更不能走改旗易帜的邪路；提出坚持以人民为中心的改革宗旨，为了人民而改革，改革才有意义，依靠人民而改革，改革才有动力，尊重人民主体地位和首创精神，人民有所呼，改革有所应，使改革成果更多更公平惠及全体人民；提出围绕党的中心任务谋划和部署改革，进一步全面深化改革必须紧紧围绕推进中国式现代化这个主题来展开；提出坚持问题导向，奔着问题去、盯着问题改，着力解决推进中国式现代化需要破解的重大体制机制问题；提出坚持重点改革与全面改革的统一，以经济体制改革为重点，发挥牵引作用，同时要统筹谋划好教育科技人才、政治、法治、文化、社会、生态、国家安全、国防军队建设和党的建设领域的改革；提出坚持系统观念，统筹兼顾、辩证施策，处理好经济和社会、政府和市场、效率和公平、活力和秩序、发展和安全等重大关系，增强改革系统性、整体性、协同性；提出坚持以制度建设为主线，加强顶层设计、总体谋划，破立并举、先立后破，筑牢根本制度，完善基本制度，创新重要制度；提出运用法治思维和法治方式破解改革难题，做到改革与法治相统一，重大改革于法有据、及时把改革成果上升为法律制度；提出以开放促改革、促发展，统筹推进深层次改革和高水平开放；提出必须加强党对改革的领导，坚持党中央的集中统一领导，这是保证改革始终沿着正确政治方向前进的根本保证；提出以钉钉子精神抓好改革落实，强化改革责任，保持改革锐气，增强改革韧性，提高改革本领，做改革的促进派、实干家，务求取得改革实效，以实绩实效和人民群众满意度检验改革；等等。这一系列新思想、新观点、新论断，在理论上实现了重大突破、重大创新、重大发展，标志着我们党对社会主义改革发展规律和中国式现代化建设规律的认识达到了前所未有的理论高度和历史高度，为新征程上进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化提供了科学理论指导。

Chongqing firmly upholds Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, holds high the banner of reform and opening up, and integrally implements the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the CPC, the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee, and the important speeches and instructions of General Secretary Xi Jinping during his inspection of Chongqing. Taking economic system reform as the driving force, and with the courage to be the first, it actively explores pioneering and differentiated reforms, accelerates the construction of a pilot zone for comprehensively deepening reform, and strives to write a Chongqing chapter of Chinese-path modernization. Reform has become the most distinctive symbol of Chongqing. Reform and development are always planned and advanced within the grand framework of Chinese-path modernization. Centering on the implementation of national strategies such as the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle, the construction of the New Western Land-Sea Corridor, the high-quality development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and the construction of the national strategic hinterland, and taking digital transformation as the driving force, it promotes systematic reform and systemic transformation across the entire city. Centering on the implementation of the "Two Major Positionings" [13] and the exertion of the "Three Roles" [14], it strives to build a crucial strategic fulcrum for the development of the western region in the New Era and a comprehensive hub for inland opening up, taking the lead in serving the overall national development situation. It focuses on building "Six Zones": a pilot zone for high-quality development in the western region, a leading zone for international cooperation in inland opening up, a pilot zone for comprehensively deepening reform, a demonstration zone for the modern governance of megacities, a demonstration zone for urban-rural integration and rural revitalization, and a pilot zone for the construction of a Beautiful China. Adhering to planning one region from the overall situation and serving the overall situation with one region, keeping in mind the heavy trust, bravely undertaking the mission, persevering over time, and advancing resolutely, it makes every effort to ensure that General Secretary Xi Jinping's earnest instructions are fully implemented on the land of Chongqing,

重庆坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，高举改革开放旗帜，一体贯彻党的二十大、二十届三中全会和习近平总书记视察重庆重要讲话重要指示精神，以经济体制改革为牵引，以敢为人先的勇气积极探索首创性、差别化改革，加快建设全面深化改革先行区，奋力谱写中国式现代化重庆篇章。改革成为重庆最鲜明标识，始终把改革发展放在中国式现代化的宏大场景中谋划推进，围绕落实成渝地区双城经济圈建设、西部陆海新通道建设、长江经济带高质量发展、国家战略腹地建设等国家战略，以数字化变革为牵引，推进全市域系统化改革、体系化变革。围绕做实“两大定位”、发挥“三个作用”，奋力打造新时代西部大开发重要战略支点、内陆开放综合枢纽，在服务全国发展大局中走在前列，着力建设“六个区”，即西部地区高质量发展先行区、内陆开放国际合作引领区、全面深化改革先行区、超大城市现代化治理示范区、城乡融合乡村振兴示范区、美丽中国建设先行区。坚持从全局谋划一域、以一域服务全局，牢记重托、勇担使命，久久为功、坚毅前行，全力推动习近平总书记殷殷嘱托全面落实在重庆大地上，为进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化作出重庆贡献。

Author: Jiang Hui, Member of the Standing Committee of the Chongqing Municipal Party Committee, Minister of the Propaganda Department, Director of the Chongqing Research Center for the Theoretical System of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics

作者：姜辉，重庆市委常委、宣传部部长，重庆市中国特色社会主义理论体系研究中心主任

Online Editor: Jin Qiu

网络编辑：金秋